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Zhao W, Yao Z, Cao J, Liu Y, Zhu L, Mao B, Cui F, Shao S. Helicobacter pylori upregulates circPGD and promotes development of gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:104. [PMID: 38407616 PMCID: PMC10896836 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05537-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has unique biochemical traits and pathogenic mechanisms, which make it a substantial cause of gastrointestinal cancers. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have concurrently been identified as an important participating factor in the pathophysiology of several different cancers. However, the underlying processes and putative interactions between H. pylori and circRNAs have received very little attention. To address this issue, we explored the interaction between H. pylori and circRNAs to investigate how they might jointly contribute to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. METHODS Changes in circPGD expression in H. pylori were detected using qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and migration changes were assayed by colony formation, the CCK-8 assay and the transwell assay. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Western blot was conducted to detect changes in cell migration, apoptosis, proliferation and inflammation-associated proteins. QRT-PCR was used to measure changes in circPGD and inflammation-associated factors. RESULTS We found that H. pylori induced increased circPGD expression in infected human cells and facilitated gastric cancer progression in three ways by promoting cell proliferation and migration, enhancing the inflammatory response, and inhibiting apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS CircPGD appears to play a role in H. pylori-related gastric cancer and may thus be a viable, novel target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhao
- The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi, 214200, Jiangsu, China
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Taizhou Second People's Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taizhou, 225500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhendong Yao
- The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi, 214200, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Cao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linqi Zhu
- Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boneng Mao
- The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi, 214200, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Feilun Cui
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Taizhou Second People's Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taizhou, 225500, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shihe Shao
- Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Seddik H, Benass J, Berrag S, Sair A, Berraida R, Boutallaka H. Optimized sequential therapy vs 10- and 14-d concomitant therapy for eradicating Helicobacter pylori: A randomized clinical trial. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:556-564. [PMID: 38463026 PMCID: PMC10921140 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i6.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A cure for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) remains a problem of global concern. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is widely rising and becoming a challenging issue worldwide. Optimizing sequential therapy seems to be one of the most attractive strategies in terms of efficacy, tolerability and cost. The most common sequential therapy consists of a dual therapy [proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) and amoxicillin] for the first period (5 to 7 d), followed by a triple therapy for the second period (PPI, clarithromycin and metronidazole). PPIs play a key role in maintaining a gastric pH at a level that allows an optimal efficacy of antibiotics, hence the idea of using new generation molecules. AIM To compare an optimized sequential therapy with the standard non-bismuth quadruple therapies of 10 and 14 d, in terms of efficacy, incidence of adverse effects (AEs) and cost. METHODS This open-label prospective study randomized 328 patients with confirmed H. pylori infection into three groups (1:1:1): The first group received quadruple therapy consisting of twice-daily (bid) omeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg for 10 d (QT-10), the second group received a 14 d quadruple therapy following the same regimen (QT-14), and the third group received an optimized sequential therapy consisting of bid rabeprazole 20 mg plus amoxicillin 1 g for 7 d, followed by bid rabeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg for the next 7 d (OST-14). AEs were recorded throughout the study, and the H. pylori eradication rate was determined 4 to 6 wk after the end of treatment, using the 13C urea breath test. RESULTS In the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis, the eradication rate was higher in the OST-14 group compared to the QT-10 group: (93.5%, 85.5% P = 0.04) and (96.2%, 89.5% P = 0.03) respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference in eradication rates between the OST-14 and QT-14 groups: (93.5%, 91.8% P = 0.34) and (96.2%, 94.4% P = 0.35), respectively. The overall incidence of AEs was significantly lower in the OST-14 group (P = 0.01). Furthermore, OST-14 was the most cost-effective among the three groups. CONCLUSION The optimized 14-d sequential therapy is a safe and effective alternative. Its eradication rate is comparable to that of the 14-d concomitant therapy while causing fewer AEs and allowing a gain in terms of cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Seddik
- Department of Gastroenterology II, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Jihane Benass
- Department of Gastroenterology II, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Sanaa Berrag
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Gastroenterology I, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Asmae Sair
- Department of Gastroenterology II, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Reda Berraida
- Department of Gastroenterology II, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Hanae Boutallaka
- Department of Gastroenterology II, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
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Ghazvini K, Kamali H, Farsiani H, Yousefi M, Keikha M. Sustain-release lipid-liquid crystal formulations of pexiganan against Helicobacter pylori infection: in vitro evaluation in C57BL/6 mice. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 25:9. [PMID: 38212864 PMCID: PMC10785446 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-024-00731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori, is associated with significant digestive disorders. However, the effectiveness of bacterial eradication is declining due to drug resistance. A potent anti-H. pylori activity is shown by the natural antimicrobial peptide pexiganan. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pexiganan and its lipid-liquid crystals (LLCs) in inducing Helicobacter pylori in mice. METHODS In this experimental study, H. pylori infection was first induced in C57BL/6 mice. Secondly, the antibacterial efficacy of pexiganan and its LLCs formulations was investigated to eliminate H. pylori infection. RESULTS The H. pylori infection could not be completely eradicated by pexiganan peptide alone. However, incorporating pexiganan within the LLC formulation resulted in an increased elimination of H. pylori. Under the H&E strain, the pexiganan-LLCs formulation revealed minimal mucosal alterations and a lower amount of inflammatory cell infiltration in the stomach compared to the placebo. CONCLUSION Clarithromycin was more effective than pexiganan at all tested concentrations. Furthermore, the pexiganan-loaded LLCs exhibited superior efficacy in curing H. pylori infection in a mouse model compared to pexiganan alone. This formulation can enhance H. pylori clearance while mitigating the adverse effects, typically associated with conventional drugs, leading to a viable alternative to current treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiarash Ghazvini
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hossein Kamali
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Farsiani
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Yousefi
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Keikha
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.
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Trinh TTK, Lee K, Oh JK, Suh M, Jun JK, Choi KS. Cluster of lifestyle risk factors for stomach cancer and screening behaviors among Korean adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17503. [PMID: 37845248 PMCID: PMC10579218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate clustering patterns of lifestyle risk factors for stomach cancer and examine the association of risk factor clusters with stomach cancer screening adherence. Data from the 2019 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, an annual cross-sectional nationwide survey, were used. The study population included 3539 adults aged 40-74 years with no history of cancer. Six stomach cancer risk factors, including smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, obesity, meat intake, and salted food intake, as well as stomach cancer screening behaviors, were assessed. The most frequent risk factor for stomach cancer was physical inactivity, followed by smoking in males and high salted food intake in females. Compared with participants subjects with no risk factors, those with three or more risk factors were less likely to adhere to screening guidelines (males: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.53; females: aOR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.21-0.48). Our findings indicate a disparity in stomach cancer screening, such that those with more risk factors are less likely to get screened. Increasing public awareness, providing behavioral counseling, and targeting high-risk populations for screening interventions are critical for promoting cancer screening adherence and reducing the disparity in cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Thi Kim Trinh
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongmin Lee
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Oh
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Suh
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Jun
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kui Son Choi
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea.
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Gui S, Wang Q, Bao L, He X, Wang Z, Liu L, Wu L, Zhao Y, Zhou J, Xie Y. Effects of Helicobacter pylori on the expression of the FTO gene and its biological role in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:143. [PMID: 36909372 PMCID: PMC9996366 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a primary risk factor for gastric cancer. The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene is associated with the development and progression of various cancer types such as glioma, leukemia, breast cancer and colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Hp infection on the expression of FTO and its roles in gastric cancer. It was found that the expression levels of both FTO mRNA and protein were significantly increased in Hp-infected human gastric mucosal epithelial cells and Mongolian gerbil gastric tissues. The expression of FTO in gastric cancer tissues was higher than that in para-cancer tissues. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas demonstrated that FTO expression in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. Patient survival rate was significantly decreased in patients with high expression levels of FTO. It was also demonstrated that FTO expression was associated with several pathological parameters, such as tumor stage, metastasis stage and the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage. The FTO gene was positively correlated with 16,601 genes in gastric cancer and negatively correlated with 3,623 genes. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis demonstrated that FTO was significantly enriched in the regulation of gene expression and oxidative RNA demethylase activity, and it was associated with components such as the RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase complex and nuclear speckle. In addition, knockdown of the FTO gene inhibited the migration and invasion of Hp-infected cells. In conclusion, the data suggests that Hp infection leads to upregulation of the FTO gene, which may be related to patient survival rate, tumor staging and other pathological parameters of patients with gastric cancer. It also suggests that FTO promotes proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of Hp-induced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Gui
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Qinrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Liya Bao
- Hepatitis Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng He
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jianjiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
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Cao R, Tang L, Fang M, Zhong L, Wang S, Gong L, Li J, Dong D, Tian J. Artificial intelligence in gastric cancer: applications and challenges. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2022; 10:goac064. [PMID: 36457374 PMCID: PMC9707405 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goac064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality. Accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions for GC rely heavily on human experts' careful judgments on medical images. However, the improvement of the accuracy is hindered by imaging conditions, limited experience, objective criteria, and inter-observer discrepancies. Recently, the developments of machine learning, especially deep-learning algorithms, have been facilitating computers to extract more information from data automatically. Researchers are exploring the far-reaching applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in various clinical practices, including GC. Herein, we aim to provide a broad framework to summarize current research on AI in GC. In the screening of GC, AI can identify precancerous diseases and assist in early cancer detection with endoscopic examination and pathological confirmation. In the diagnosis of GC, AI can support tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging and subtype classification. For treatment decisions, AI can help with surgical margin determination and prognosis prediction. Meanwhile, current approaches are challenged by data scarcity and poor interpretability. To tackle these problems, more regulated data, unified processing procedures, and advanced algorithms are urgently needed to build more accurate and robust AI models for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mengjie Fang
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lianzhen Zhong
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Siwen Wang
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Gong
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jiazheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Radiology Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Di Dong
- Corresponding authors. Di Dong, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. Tel: +86-13811833760; ; Jie Tian, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, P. R. China. Tel: +86-10-82618465;
| | - Jie Tian
- Corresponding authors. Di Dong, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. Tel: +86-13811833760; ; Jie Tian, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, P. R. China. Tel: +86-10-82618465;
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Li Y, Jiang L, Li Z, Liu Y, Xiao B, Ding Y, Wen H. Differences in gastric microbiota and mucosal function between patients with chronic superficial gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:950325. [PMID: 36466659 PMCID: PMC9712754 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.950325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) can further develop into gastric cancer, which seriously endangers the health of people all over the world. In this study, the differences in gastric microbiota between CSG patients and IM patients were detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. As the expression levels of mucin and CDX2 are closely related to IM, the expression differences of mucin (MUC2 and MUC5AC) and CDX2 in the gastric mucosa of CSG patients and IM patients were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The results showed that both Faith_pd and Observed_species indexes of microbiota in the gastric juice of CSG patients were significantly higher than those of IM patients. At the genus level, Thermus and Anoxybacillus were dominant in the gastric juice of IM patients, and Helicobacter was dominant in the gastric juice of CSG patients. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) demonstrated that the dispersion of samples in the CSG group is greater than that in the IM group, and some samples in the CSG group are clustered with samples in the IM group. The KEGG metabolic pathway difference analysis of gastric juice microbiota in CSG and IM patients revealed that the gastric juice microbiota in the CSG and IM patients were significantly enriched in the amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and the functional differences between the two groups were mainly concentrated in the bacterial secretion system (VirB1, VirB2, VirB3, VirD2, and VirD4). In conclusion, there are significant differences in gastric microbiota and mucosal function between the CSG and IM patients. Moreover, the results of this study may provide a new means for the detection of CSG and IM and a new direction for the prevention and treatment of CSG and IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Libin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Akpoigbe K, Culpepper-Morgan J, Nwankwo O, Genao A. Predicting Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia in a High-Risk Population. Cureus 2022; 14:e31502. [PMID: 36532909 PMCID: PMC9750236 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a precancerous lesion. It has a low prevalence rate in the United States. However, GIM is more common among non-White and immigrant populations. Harlem Hospital serves a community that includes predominantly African Americans, Hispanics, and immigrants from West Africa and Spanish-speaking Caribbean countries. This study aims to define the factors predicting GIM in this high-risk group as well as help define screening strategies for vulnerable populations. METHODS A total of 1351 patients who underwent endoscopic gastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and biopsy in 2018 and 2019 for any indication at Harlem Hospital were included in this study. Gastric biopsy specimens taken during the procedure were assessed for GIM by histopathology. Baseline demographics were collected, including age, sex, and ethnicity. Other information collected included risk factors for GIM such as Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking status, and the use of alcohol. Descriptive analysis was done and the Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-squared test were used to test for associations. Multiple logistic regressions were used to assess the odds of independent factors associated with increased risk of GIM. RESULTS Of the 1351 patients reviewed, 106 had GIM for a prevalence of 8.0% (CI: 6.7%-9.6%, p < 0.001). Univariate analysis revealed older patients, males, history of smoking, alcohol, and H. pylori infection were significantly associated with GIM. Using multiple logistic regressions and adjusting for underlying risk factors, smoking (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.00-2.570) and H. pylori infection (OR: 3.35, 95% CI: 2.18-5.15) continued to be significantly associated with increased risk of GIM; however, alcohol use was not significant after adjusting for other risk factors (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.68-1.78). Hispanic risk for GIM was slightly higher than African Americans (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.74-1.83). The predicted marginal effect of age on the odds of GIM was significant from age 40 and increased exponentially at age 50. By age 70, the odds of GIM were as high as 11% (95% CI: 8.3-13.6). CONCLUSION The prevalence of GIM in our population is significantly higher compared to reported cases in the United States. Age, male gender, H. pylori infection, and smoking significantly increase the risk of GIM. Given the high prevalence of GIM in our population, early endoscopic screening would play an important role in evaluating dyspepsia to diagnose GIM with or without H. pylori infection. We propose screening all at-risk ethnicities from age 40 years with EGD according to the Sydney System biopsy protocol. We believe this will ultimately decrease the incidence of gastric cancer death in these vulnerable populations of color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesiena Akpoigbe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Joan Culpepper-Morgan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Obinna Nwankwo
- Division of Internal Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Alvaro Genao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Columbia University Medical Center Affiliated With Harlem Hospital Center, New York, USA
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Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Nonmetastatic Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: A Machine Learning Approach. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4862376. [PMID: 36148015 PMCID: PMC9489421 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4862376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aims Accurate prediction is essential for the survival of patients with nonmetastatic gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRC) and medical decision-making. Current models rely on prespecified variables, limiting their performance and not being suitable for individual patients. Our study is aimed at developing a more precise model for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients with nonmetastatic GSRC based on a machine learning approach. Methods We selected 2127 GSRC patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2014 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and then randomly partitioned them into a training and validation cohort. We compared the performance of several machine learning-based models and finally chose the eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model as the optimal method to predict the OS in patients with nonmetastatic GSRC. The model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results In the training cohort, for predicting OS rates at 1-, 3-, and 5-year, the AUCs of the XGBoost model were 0.842, 0.831, and 0.838, respectively, while in the testing cohort, the AUCs of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 0.749, 0.823, and 0.829, respectively. Besides, the XGBoost model also performed better when compared with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage. The performance for this model was stably maintained when stratified by age and ethnicity. Conclusion The XGBoost-based model accurately predicts the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS in patients with nonmetastatic GSRC. Machine learning is a promising way to predict the survival outcomes of tumor patients.
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Shatila M, Thomas AS. Current and Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175086. [PMID: 36079015 PMCID: PMC9456682 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a prevalent organism infecting almost half the global population. It is a significant concern, given its associated risk of gastric cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer death globally. Infection can be asymptomatic or present with dyspeptic symptoms. It may also present with alarm symptoms in the case of progression to cancer. Diagnosis can be achieved non-invasively (breath tests, stool studies, or serology) or invasively (rapid urease test, biopsy, or culture). Treatment involves acid suppression and regimens containing several antibiotics and is guided by resistance rates. Eradication is essential, as it lowers the risk of complications and progression to cancer. Follow-up after eradication is similarly important, as the risk of cancer progression remains. There have been many recent advances in both diagnosis and treatment of Hp. In particular, biosensors may be effective diagnostic tools, and nanotechnology, vaccines, and potassium-competitive acid blockers may prove effective in enhancing eradication rates.
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Bioinformatics Analysis Based on TCGA: MUC16 Mutation Correlates with Clinical Outcome in Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6734105. [PMID: 36051359 PMCID: PMC9427262 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6734105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) is difficult to predict due to the disease's complex genetic and phenotypic characteristics. MUC16 has been reported to be involved in the progression of several tumors. In this study, we aimed to explore whether MUC16 mutation had any impact on the prognosis or treatments of GC patients. Additionally, this analysis uncovered possible critical pathways related with these systems. On the cBioPortal, we were able to locate the pertinent data of patients with MUC16 mutations. And then, GSEA analysis identified differences in mRNA levels between mutant and wild-type MUC16 patients in terms of biological function annotation and pathways. The KEGG and GO analyses were also performed using the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). There were 139 individuals with GC who had the MUC16 mutation, which accounts for 32 percent, and the remaining patients had the MUC16 wild type. Survival assays revealed that patients with the MUC16 mutation had longer overall survival and disease-free survival. GSEA analysis revealed that cell cycle, cysteine and methionine metabolism, Huntington's disease, one carbon pool by folate, pyrimidine metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, RNA degradation, spliceosome, and valine leucine and isoleucine degradation were distinctly enriched in patients with MUC16 mutation type. Moreover, we identified 323 DEGs. Among them, 162 genes were upregulated, and 161 genes were downregulated. GO and KEGG assays indicated DEGs as enriched in pancreatic secretion, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, fat digestion and absorption, and glycerolipid metabolism. Overall, our data revealed that the MUC16 mutation in GC may affect the development of patients by altering several genes and pathways, indicating the importance of MUC16 mutation in the treatments of GC on an individual basis.
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Sadjadi A, Akbarpour E, Alimohammadian M, Masoudi S, Ghanbari R, Rajabi Pour Z, Mohmmad Akbari F, Jafari MD, Feiz-sani A, Hakimi H, Siavooshi F, Massarrat S, Malekzadeh R. A Population-Based Cross-sectional Study on the Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Rafsanjan, a Low Gastric Cancer Area in Southeast Iran. Middle East J Dig Dis 2022; 14:287-293. [PMID: 36619268 PMCID: PMC9489427 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2022.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite all improvements in sanitation and exposure to antibiotics over time, Helicobacter pylori (HP) prevalence remains high, affecting the lives of about half of the world population, which can gradually lead to serious upper gastrointestinal disorders. Understanding HP's epidemiologic patterns help us to better manage the burden of this infection and to plan more effectively regarding potential screening or eradication strategies. We, therefore, aimed to report the crude and age- and sex-standardized prevalence rate of HP infection, its trend, and possible associated factors among asymptomatic healthy individuals in Rafsanjan city, a low-incidence area of gastric cancer (GC) in the southeast of Iran, from July 2018 to December 2021. Methods: This population-based cross-sectional descriptive study included 2,046 male and female subjects between 3 to 72 years who were in good health condition. Study participants were randomly selected from the Health Houses and each underwent a questionnaire-based interview and provided blood and feces samples. The presence of HP infection was detected by serum IgG antibodies and stool antigen test. Results: The overall and age- and sex-standardized prevalence rates of HP infection were 50.9% and 43%, respectively. The prevalence rate has notably decreased in all age groups compared with 2007. Also, it was significantly higher among men (P=0.033) and increased with advancing age (P<0.001). A higher population density living in a specific room area (P=0.012) increased the likelihood of HP infection. Conclusion: To conclude, the prevalence of HP infection is decreasing over time in Rafsanjan city, which may be due to improvements in living standards in this area. A healthy lifestyle and adherence to hygienic principles, especially during childhood, may be required for a reduction in the prevalence of HP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sadjadi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Akbarpour
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Alimohammadian
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Masoudi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanbari
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rajabi Pour
- Rafsanjan Cohort Studies Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Faegheh Mohmmad Akbari
- Rafsanjan Cohort Studies Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Minal Dafeh Jafari
- Rafsanjan Cohort Studies Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Akbar Feiz-sani
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Hakimi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Farideh Siavooshi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, University College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Massarrat
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Adoption of Two-Dimensional Ultrasound Gastrointestinal Filling Contrast on Artificial Intelligence Algorithm in Clinical Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7385344. [PMID: 35535230 PMCID: PMC9078808 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7385344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This research was aimed to explore the value of gastrointestinal filling contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and computed tomography (CT-)-enhanced scanning based on artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm in the evaluation of gastric cancer staging. 102 patients with gastric cancer were selected as the research objects. All of them underwent CEUS of gastrointestinal filling and 64-slice spiral CT before surgery. In addition, an improved mean shift algorithm was proposed based on differential optical flow and deep convolutional neural network (D-CNN), which was applied in image processing. The predicted positive rate (PPR), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of gastric cancer in different stages by CEUS and CT were calculated using pathological diagnosis results as the gold standard. 17 patients with T1 stage, 41 patients with T2-T3 stage, and 35 patients with T4 stage were detected by CEUS. 13 patients with T1 stage, 34 patients with T2-T3 stage, and 30 patients with T4 stage were detected by CT enhanced examination. The PPRs of CEUS for T1, T2-T3, and T4 stages of gastric cancer were higher than those of CT enhanced (P < 0.05). The PPR of CEUS for N0 staging of gastric cancer was higher than that of CT enhanced (P < 0.05), and it for N3 staging of gastric cancer was lower than that of CT enhanced (P < 0.05). From the analysis of M staging of gastric cancer, the PPRs of CEUS for M0 and M1 staging of gastric cancer were not statistically different from the PPRs of CT enhanced (P > 0.05). The sensitivity (95.6%), specificity (81.82%), and accuracy (94.12%) of CEUS in assessing resectability were significantly higher than those of CT enhancement (89.01%, 63.67%, and 86.27%, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In summary, CEUS gastrointestinal filling based on the D-CNN algorithm could better improve the display rate of the tissue lesions around the stomach. It also helped to judge the lesion progress, the depth of infiltration, and lymph node metastasis of the lesion. In addition, it had excellent performance in evaluating the resectability of gastric cancer before surgery and had clinical promotion value.
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Wen J, Wu S, Ma X, Zhao Y. Zuojin Pill attenuates Helicobacter pylori-induced chronic atrophic gastritis in rats and improves gastric epithelial cells function in GES-1 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114855. [PMID: 34808298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zuojin pill (ZJP), a classical Chinese medicine formula, has been widely applied in Chinese clinical practice for the treatment of gastric injury such as acute gastric lesion, acute gastric mucosal injury, chronic unpredictable mild stress, gastroesophageal reflux disease, etc, thereby exerting anti-chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) effects in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to explore the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of ZJP on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced CAG based on the comprehensive approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were infected with H. pylori for 8 weeks to establish CAG model. Then, rats in the ZJP groups received doses of 0.63, 1.26, and 2.52 g/kg ZJP for 4 weeks. Therapeutic effects of ZJP on serum indices and the histopathology of the gastric were analyzed in vivo. Moreover, GES-1 cells were infected with H. pylori to establish gastric epithelial cell injury model in vitro. Cell viability and gastric epithelial cell morphology were detected by a high-content screening (HCS) assay. Furthermore, the relative mRNA and protein expression of JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis and HMGB1/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro were determined by RT-PCR and Western Blotting, respectively. RESULTS The results showed that the therapeutic effects of ZJP on CAG rats were presented in down-regulation serum biochemical indices and alleviating histological damage of gastric tissue. ZJP could dose-dependently decrease the serum IL-6, MCP-1, PGE2, TNF-α, and VEGF level and significantly improved gastric tissue inflammatory lesions. Besides, ZJP has an effect on increasing cell proliferation of GES-1 cells, ameliorating H. pylori-induced gastric epithelial cell damage. It was found that ZJP has a down-regulating effect on inflammatory reaction and could inhibit the relative mRNA and protein expression of JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis and HMGB1/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro, including JMJD2B, COX-2, VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2, which in turn reduced the damage of gastric mucosal cells. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that ZJP exerts therapeutic effects on H. pylori-induced CAG by inhibiting the JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis and HMGB1/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings deeply explained why ZJP could be used to treat CAG clinically and clarified its pharmacological effect and potential mechanism in the treatment of CAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Wen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Shihua Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Zhang F, Qiao S. Research Progress on the Relationship Between Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2022; 6:204-211. [PMID: 35261946 PMCID: PMC8889855 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors. Relevant epidemiology and a large number of experimental studies have proved that chronic inflammation is highly correlated with the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. And inflammatory bowel disease has been proven to be an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer. Various inflammatory cells participate in the establishment of the chronic inflammatory intestinal microenvironment required for the onset of colorectal cancer. The abnormal signal pathways mediated by various inflammatory factors and inflammatory mediators promote the occurrence of tumors, which are related to colorectal cancer and pathogenesis-related inflammation mechanisms. At the gene level, miRNAs can also affect the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer by regulating mesenchymal epithelial transformation. This article reviews the relationship between inflammation and colorectal cancer as well as the related inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryTongren Municipal People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (GMU)GuizhouChina
| | - Song Qiao
- Department of General SurgeryTongren Municipal People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (GMU)GuizhouChina
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Boyanova L, Hadzhiyski P, Markovska R, Gergova R. Investigation of multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori in pediatric patients: A Bulgarian study and literature data. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2022; 69:41-45. [PMID: 35107441 DOI: 10.1556/030.2022.01682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains from 106 symptomatic children was evaluated according to EUCAST breakpoints and rate of multidrug resistance (MDR) was analyzed. Overall resistance rates were amoxicillin 7.5%, metronidazole 25.5%, clarithromycin 34.0% and ciprofloxacin 14.1%. There were no significant differences in resistance rates according to patients' age (2-6 and 7-18 years) and sex. Combined resistance rate was 19.8%, including double, triple, and quadruple resistance in 13.2% (14 strains), 5.7% (6) and 0.9% (1) of the strains, respectively. MDR was found in 5.9% (5/84) of the children with gastritis and in two of the four children with celiac disease. The MDR was present in three children aged 4-6 years and in four children aged 10-17 years. The total MDR rate (6.6%) in Bulgarian children in 2012-2021 was higher than those in other studies based on EUCAST breakpoints such as those in pediatric patients in Slovenia in 2011-2014 (3.8%), Lithuania in 2013-2015 (0%) and Spain in 2014-2019 (0%), although being lower than those (20.7% in the untreated and 47.0% in the treated children) in China in 2019. In brief, it is of concern that MDR can strongly limit the choice of H. pylori therapy of one out of fifteen Bulgarian children and that overall resistance to both metronidazole and clarithromycin can hinder the treatment of 15.1% of the pediatric patients. Susceptibility-guided tailored eradication therapy of H. pylori infection should be more frequently implemented in the symptomatic children to avoid risks of both the infection itself and multiple antibiotic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Boyanova
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Petyo Hadzhiyski
- 2 Specialized Hospital for Active Pediatric Treatment, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumyana Markovska
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Raina Gergova
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on prognosis of postoperative early gastric cancer: a multicenter study. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:285. [PMID: 34548086 PMCID: PMC8456575 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02343-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the prognosis of postoperative early gastric cancer (EGC). Methods This is a retrospective study based on data from 6 hospitals. We identified 429 patients with EGC who underwent curative gastrectomy from January 2010 to December 2016. All of the patients were tested for H. pylori. Patients were divided into two groups, the successful H. pylori eradication group (group A, 268 patients) and the non-H. pylori eradication group (group B, 161 patients), for calculating the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of each group. Result Positive node metastasis (hazard ratio (HR), 3.13; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.84–5.32; P < 0.001), undifferentiated type (HR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.51–4.28; P < 0.001), and non-H. pylori eradication (HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.08–2.77; P = 0.023) were statistically significantly independent risk factors of recurrence. Patient’s age ≥60 years old (HR, 3.32; 95% CI, 2.00–5.53; P < 0.001), positive node metastasis (HR, 3.71; 95% CI, 2.25–6.12; P < 0.001), undifferentiated type (HR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.79–5.23; P < 0.001), and non-H. pylori eradication (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.11–3.02; P = 0.018) were statistically significantly independent risk factors of overall survival. Conclusion H. pylori eradication treatment could prevent the recurrence of postoperative EGC to prolong the overall survival of patients with EGC.
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Soutto M, Bhat N, Khalafi S, Zhu S, Poveda J, Garcia-Buitrago M, Zaika A, El-Rifai W. NF-kB-dependent activation of STAT3 by H. pylori is suppressed by TFF1. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:444. [PMID: 34419066 PMCID: PMC8380333 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND H. pylori infection is the main risk factor for gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated H. pylori-mediated activation of STAT3 and NF-κB in gastric cancer, using in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS To investigate the activation of NF-κB and STAT3 by H. pylori strains we used in vitro and in vivo mouse models, western blots, immunofluorescence, ChIP Assay, luciferase and quantitative real-time PCR assays. RESULTS Following infection with H. pylori in vitro, we found an earlier phosphorylation of NF-kB-p65 (S536), followed by STAT3 (Y705). Immunofluorescence, using in vitro and in vivo models, demonstrated nuclear localization of NF-kB and STAT3, following H. pylori infection. NF-kB and STAT3 luciferase reporter assays confirmed earlier activation of NF-kB followed by STAT3. In vitro and in vivo models demonstrated induction of mRNA expression of IL-6 (p < 0.001), VEGF-α (p < 0.05), IL-17 (p < 0.001), and IL-23 (p < 0.001). Using ChIP, we confirmed co-binding of both NF-kB-p65 and STAT3 on the IL6 promoter. The reconstitution of Trefoil Factor 1 (TFF1) suppressed activation of NF-kB with reduction in IL6 levels and STAT3 activity, in response to H. pylori infection. Using pharmacologic (BAY11-7082) and genetic (IκB super repressor (IκBSR)) inhibitors of NF-kB-p65, we confirmed the requirement of NF-kB-p65 for activation of STAT3, as measured by phosphorylation, transcription activity, and nuclear localization of STAT3 in in vitro and in vivo models. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest the presence of an early autocrine NF-kB-dependent activation of STAT3 in response to H. pylori infection. TFF1 acts as an anti-inflammatory guard against H. pylori-mediated activation of pro-inflammatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, 33136-1015, USA
| | - Nadeem Bhat
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shayan Khalafi
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julio Poveda
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Alexander Zaika
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, 33136-1015, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, 33136-1015, USA.
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Wang X, Shu X, Li Q, Li Y, Chen Z, Wang Y, Pu K, Zheng Y, Ye Y, Liu M, Ma L, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Zhang F, Guo Q, Ji R, Zhou Y. Prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in Wuwei, a high-risk area for gastric cancer in northwest China: An all-ages population-based cross-sectional study. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12810. [PMID: 33904635 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection across all age groups in Wuwei City, a high-risk area for gastric cancer in Northwest China. METHODS We conducted this study from 2016 to 2017 in an urban and a rural community in Wuwei City. Stool antigen tests targeted individuals aged 0 to 3 years old, and 13 C-urea breath tests targeted individuals aged above 3 years. We selected participants based on hierarchical cluster sampling. We assessed the association between variables and H. pylori infection based on logistic regression models. RESULTS Ultimately, the results of 2,163 participants (age: 0 to 77 years old) were included (1,238 minors and 925 adults) in the analysis. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 35.6%. It increased with age, reaching the peak in the 30 to 39 age group, and then began to decline. In multivariate analysis, age was positively associated with prevalence of H. pylori infection, and factors negatively associated with the prevalence were drinking running water, the frequency of yoghurt consumption, and an annual household income of Renminbi (¥) 30,000-100,000 or 100,000 above. In the subgroup analyses, however, the same variables associated differently in different age groups. Additionally, we interestingly noticed that boarding, eating at school cafeterias over six times per week, and frequently drinking untreated water were independent predictors of H. pylori infection in junior and senior high school students. CONCLUSION The prevalence of H. pylori infection is moderate and closely associated with the socioeconomic conditions of Wuwei City, as well as the sanitary situations and dietary habits of the participants in the city. Boarding, eating at school, and drinking untreated water are the main factors explaining the rising infection rate in junior-senior high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaochuang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Zhaofeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ke Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Medical Administration, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Zhengqi Wu
- Gansu Wuwei Tumour Hospital, Wuwei, China
| | - Fuhua Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Second Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qinghong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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20
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Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The number of gastric cancer-related deaths is only projected to increase, attributable primarily to the expanding aging population. Prevention is a mainstay of gastric cancer control programs, particularly in the absence of accurate, noninvasive modalities for screening and early detection, and the absence of an infrastructure for this purpose in the majority of countries worldwide. Herein, we discuss the evidence for several chemopreventive agents, along with putative mechanisms. There remains a clear, unmet need for primary chemoprevention trials for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailja C. Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1030C MRB IV, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA;,Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville Campus, Nashville, TN, USA,Corresponding author:
| | - Richard M. Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1030C MRB IV, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA
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Zhong Y, Tang L, Deng Q, Jing L, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Yu F, Ou Y, Guo S, Huang B, Cao H, Huang P, Xu Y. Unraveling the Novel Effect of Patchouli Alcohol Against the Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:674560. [PMID: 34149664 PMCID: PMC8206506 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.674560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term colonization of Helicobacter pylori can cause various gastrointestinal diseases, and its high genetic variability is prone to antibiotic resistance and leads to failure of clinical treatment. Intracellular survival also contributes to the drug tolerance of H. pylori. Patchouli alcohol (PA) shows a highly efficient activity against H. pylori in vitro and in vivo. And this study aims to explore whether PA can reduce the resistance of H. pylori and determine the underlying mechanism. Checkerboard and time–kill bactericidal curve assay reveal that the combination of PA and clarithromycin (CLR) promoted the inhibition and bactericidal effect against H. pylori. Stimulation of CLR leads to the internalization of H. pylori, but PA can effectively inhibit the invasion induced by CLR. Compared with antibiotics, PA remarkably eradicated the intracellular H. pylori, and this intracellular sterilized ability was further improved in combination with antibiotics (CLR and metronidazole). The expression of H. pylori efflux pump genes (hp0605, hp1327, and hp1489) was dose-dependently downregulated by PA. Digital droplet PCR indicated that the H. pylori mutant of A2143G can be inhibited by PA. Cellular uptake and transport assays showed that PA is rapidly absorbed, which promotes its activity against intracellular bacteria. Therefore, PA can act synergistically with CLR as a candidate treatment against drug-resistant H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzun Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyao Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhua Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Jing
- School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoju Guo
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongying Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Wang Y, Zhou Q. The effect of accelerated rehabilitation nursing on postoperative recovery, nutritional status, and psychological status in patients with gastric cancer. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:3666-3673. [PMID: 34017549 PMCID: PMC8129355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of accelerated rehabilitation nursing in patients after gastric cancer surgery. METHODS This prospective study included 88 gastric cancer patients who scheduled to receive surgery. According to the random number table, these patients were assigned to the control group and the experimental group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing, while those in the experimental group received accelerated rehabilitation nursing. Clinical-related parameters, nutritional index, physiological state, the quality of life (QOL), and complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the control group, postoperative time to get out of bed, anal exhaust time, recovery time of bowel sound, and the length of hospitalization were shortened (all P<0.05). Hemoglobin (Hb), serum total protein (TP), and albumin (Alb) level in both groups after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention (all P<0.05). Meanwhile, Hb, serum TP, and Alb level in the experimental group after intervention were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at different time points (12 h-5 d after surgery) in the experimental group were significantly reduced when compared with the control group (all P<0.05). Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score in the two groups after intervention were markedly lower those before intervention (both P<0.05). At the same time, HAMA and HAMD score in the experimental group after intervention were lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). Generic quality of life inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) scores in all aspects after intervention were higher than those before intervention (all P<0.05). Meanwhile, GQOLI-74 scores in all aspects in the experimental group after intervention were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The total incidence of complications in the experimental group was significantly decreased when compared with the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION For gastric cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment, accelerated rehabilitation nursing care can effectively promote their postoperative recovery of intestinal function, significantly improve their nutritional status, relieve their negative emotions, improve their quality of life, and reduce the incidence of complications. It is worth of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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23
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Yang K, Lu L, Liu H, Wang X, Gao Y, Yang L, Li Y, Su M, Jin M, Khan S. A comprehensive update on early gastric cancer: defining terms, etiology, and alarming risk factors. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 15:255-273. [PMID: 33121300 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1845140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early gastric cancer (EGC) is a well-defined gastric malignancy that is limited to the mucosa or submucosa, irrespective of lymph node metastasis. At an early stage, gastric cancer often does not cause symptoms until it becomes advanced, and it is a heterogeneous disease and usually encountered in its late stages. AREA COVERED This comprehensive review will provide a novel insight into the evaluation of EGC epidemiology, defining terms, extensive etiology and risk factors, and timely diagnosis since prevention is an essential approach for controlling this cancer and reducing its morbidity and mortality. EXPERT OPINION The causative manner of EGC is complex and multifactorial. In recent years, researchers have made significant contributions to understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of EGC, and standardization in the evaluation of disease activity. Though the incidence of this cancer is steadily declining in some advanced societies owing to appropriate interventions, there remains a serious threat to health in developing nations. Early detection of resectable gastric cancer is crucial for better patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Lijie Lu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, PR, China
| | - Huayi Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Meiling Su
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, PR, China
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24
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Raj R, Agarwal N, Raghavan S, Chakraborti T, Poluri KM, Pande G, Kumar D. Epigallocatechin Gallate with Potent Anti- Helicobacter pylori Activity Binds Efficiently to Its Histone-like DNA Binding Protein. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3548-3570. [PMID: 33585739 PMCID: PMC7876696 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-a human gastric pathogen-forms a major risk factor for the development of various gastric pathologies such as chronic inflammatory gastritis, peptic ulcer, lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues, and gastric carcinoma. The complete eradication of infection is the primary objective of treating any H. pylori-associated gastric condition. However, declining eradication efficiencies, off-target effects, and patient noncompliance to prolong and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatments has spurred the clinical interest to search for alternative effective and safer therapeutic options. As natural compounds are safe and privileged with high levels of antibacterial-activity, previous studies have tested and reported a plethora of such compounds with potential in vitro/in vivo anti-H. pylori activity. However, the mode of action of majority of these natural compounds is unclear. The present study has been envisaged to compile the information of various such natural compounds and to evaluate their binding with histone-like DNA-binding proteins of H. pylori (referred here as Hup) using in silico molecular docking-based virtual screening experiments. Hup-being a major nucleoid-associated protein expressed by H. pylori-plays a strategic role in its survival and persistent colonization under hostile stress conditions. The ligand with highest binding energy with Hup-that is, epigallocatechin-(-)gallate (EGCG)-was rationally selected for further computational and experimental testing. The best docking poses of EGCG with Hup were first evaluated for their solution stability using long run molecular dynamics simulations and then using fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance titration experiments which demonstrated that the binding of EGCG with Hup is fairly strong (the resultant apparent dissociation constant (k D) values were equal to 2.61 and 3.29 ± 0.42 μM, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Raj
- Centre
of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department
of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University
of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Nipanshu Agarwal
- Department
of Biotechnology and Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sriram Raghavan
- Computational
Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for
Computational Science (R-CCS), Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tapati Chakraborti
- Department
of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University
of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department
of Biotechnology and Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gaurav Pande
- Department
of Gastroeneterology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- . Phone: +91-9170689999
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre
of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- . Phone: +91-8953261506
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25
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Role of endoscopy in suspicion of atrophic gastritis with and without intestinal metaplasia in comparison to histopathology. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2021; 84:9-17. [PMID: 33639688 DOI: 10.51821/84.1.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and study aims Atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are established premalignant gastric lesions. Many studies documented a poor correlation between esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathological (HP) findings of precancerous gastric lesions. The aim was to bridge the gap between endoscopy and HP in detection of chronic gastritis, AG and IM. Patients and methods a prospective single-center study involved 150 patients with endoscopic criteria of gastric lesions with upper gastrointestinal symptoms referred for upper GI endoscopy met the endoscopic criteria and classified according to HP of biopsies from targeted gastric lesions into chronic gastritis (GI), AG(GII) or IM(GIII). We correlated the endoscopic criteria of the 3 groups with the HP results. Results (73 males & 75 females) with ages ranged17-75 years and mean± SD was 41.96 ± 15.95. GI, GII & GIII were [42 patients (28%),82 patients (54.7%) and 26 patients (17.3%)], respectively. Diffuse gastric mottling was more common in GI (74.3%, P<0.001), visible submucosal vessels, gastric atrophy predominated in GII (75.6, 82.3 & 73.1% (P 0.005,0.4 & <0.01)), respectively. Whitish raised lesions were more specific in GIII (85.7%) (P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of endoscopic suspicion of chronic gastritis were (86&88% in GI), (87&85% in GII) and (54% & 100% in GIII) (p-0.001). The logistic regression model for risk factors was χ2= 25.74 and 49.32, p < 0.001. Conclusion Conventional endoscopy has high sensitivity and specificity for suspicion of chronic gastritis and AG, but low sensitivity and very high specificity for IM. Targeted biopsies may be valuable with image enhanced techniques.
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26
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Endoscopic three-categorical diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection using linked color imaging and deep learning: a single-center prospective study (with video). Gastric Cancer 2020; 23:1033-1040. [PMID: 32382973 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication is required to reduce incidence related to gastric cancer. Recently, it was found that even after the successful eradication of H. pylori, an increased, i.e., moderate, risk of gastric cancer persists in patients with advanced mucosal atrophy and/or intestinal metaplasia. This study aimed to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to classify the status of H. pylori infection of patients into three categories: uninfected (with no history of H. pylori infection), currently infected, and post-eradication. METHODS The CAD system was based on linked color imaging (LCI) combined with deep learning (DL). First, a validation dataset was formed for the CAD systems by recording endoscopic movies of 120 subjects. Next, a training dataset of 395 subjects was prepared to enable DL. All endoscopic examinations were recorded using both LCI and white-light imaging (WLI). These endoscopic data were used to develop two different CAD systems, one for LCI (LCI-CAD) and one for WLI (WLI-CAD) images. RESULTS The diagnostic accuracy of the LCI-CAD system was 84.2% for uninfected, 82.5% for currently infected, and 79.2% for post-eradication status. Comparisons revealed superior accuracy of diagnoses based on LCI-CAD data relative based on WLI-CAD for uninfected, currently infected, and post-eradication cases. Furthermore, the LCI-CAD system demonstrated comparable diagnostic accuracy to that of experienced endoscopists with the validation data set of LCI. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest the feasibility of an innovative gastric cancer screening program to determine cancer risk in individual subjects based on LCI-CAD.
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Association of Symptoms with Eating Habits and Food Preferences in Chronic Gastritis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5197201. [PMID: 32695209 PMCID: PMC7368216 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5197201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose There is a lack of research on the relationship between symptoms and dietary factors of chronic gastritis (CG) patients, and the contribution of dietary management in relieving symptoms of CG patients has not attracted enough attention. This study aimed to identify the associations between different symptoms and dietary factors. Patients and Methods. All CG patients in this cross-sectional study were recruited from 3 hospitals in Beijing, China, from October 2015 to January 2016. Association Rule Mining analysis was performed to identify the correlations between gastrointestinal symptoms and dietary factors (including eating habits and food preferences), and subgroup analysis focused on gender differences. Results The majority of patients (58.17%) reported that their symptoms were related to dietary factors. About 53% reported that they had the habit of “eating too fast,” followed by “irregular mealtimes” (29.66%) and “eating leftover food” (28.14%). Sweets (27.57%), spicy foods (25.10%), and meat (24.33%) were the most popular among all participants. Stomachache and gastric distention were the most common symptoms and were both associated with irregular mealtimes, irregular meal sizes, eating out in restaurants, meats, barbecue, fried foods, sour foods, sweets, snacks, and salty foods (support >0.05 and lift >1.0). Their most strongly associated factors were irregular meal sizes, barbecues, and snacks (lift >1.2). In addition, irregular mealtimes, salty foods, and sweet foods may be important diet factors influencing the symptoms in CG patients (support >0.05 and lift >1.0), as they were associated with almost all dyspeptic symptoms in the whole group and subgroup analyses. Furthermore, alcohol, barbecue, and spicy foods were associated with almost all symptoms for males (support >0.05 and lift >1.0), but sweets were the only dietary factor associated with all symptoms for females (support >0.05 and lift >1.0). Conclusion This study has provided new data for the association of symptoms with eating habits and food preferences in CG patients. The role of individual daily management schemes, such as dietary or lifestyle programs, needs more attention.
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28
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Helicobacter pylori Oncogenicity: Mechanism, Prevention, and Risk Factors. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:3018326. [PMID: 32765194 PMCID: PMC7374235 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3018326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common cause of gastric ulcer; however, its association with gastric cancer has been proved through a variety of studies. Importantly, H. pylori infection affects around half of the world's population leading to a variety of gastric problems and is mostly present in asymptomatic form. Although about 20% of people infected with H. pylori develop preneoplastic gastric lesions in later stages of their life, around 2% of infected individuals develop gastric cancer. Nevertheless, the outcome of H. pylori infection is determined by complex interaction between the host genetics, its environment, and virulence factors of infecting strain. There are several biomarkers/traits of H. pylori that have been linked with the onset of cancer. Among these, presence of certain major virulence factors including cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA), and outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) plays a significant role in triggering gastric cancer. These factors of H. pylori make it a potent carcinogen. Therefore, eradication of H. pylori infection has shown positive effects on decreasing the risk of gastric cancer, but this has become a challenge due to the development of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori against the antibiotics of choice. Thus, the unmet need is to develop new and effective treatments for H. pylori infection, considering the antimicrobial resistance in different regions of the world. This review discusses the properties of H. pylori associated with increased risk of gastric cancer, antibiotic resistance pattern, and the possible role of eradication of H. pylori in preventing gastric cancer.
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El Khadir M, Boukhris Alaoui S, Benajah DA, Ibrahimi SA, Chbani L, El Abkari M, Bennani B. VacA genotypes and cagA-EPIYA-C motifs of Helicobacter pylori and gastric histopathological lesions. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:3206-3214. [PMID: 32542674 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection induces inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which may progress to precancerous lesions and gastric cancer. The gastric histo-pathological damages may be associated with some virulence genes of the bacterium, notably vacA and cagA genes. To establish correlations between these genes and the lesions, biopsies from 1303 adults consenting patients that were previously analyzed by PCR to characterize vacA-s vacA-m, vacA-i regions and cagA 3' region polymorphism, were used. The highest average age was obtained in patients with intestinal metaplasia (53.65 ± 15.26 years) and gastric cancer (53.60 ± 14.32 years). Thus, these lesions are more frequent in elderly and male subjects. Tobacco smoking was significantly associated with neutrophilic activity (P = .02). No significant association was obtained between patients with chronic inflammation and vacA and cagA H. pylori genotypes. However, a significant association has been obtained between this lesion and cagA+ in aged patients (P = .02), while intestinal metaplasia was significantly associated with vacAi1 and vacAm1 separately (P < .01 and .01). Also, a significant association was obtained between intestinal metaplasia and strains with one EPIYA-C motif in young patients (P = .001). Interestingly, a significant association was obtained between gastric cancer and cagA+, vacAi1, vacAm1 H. pylori genotypes and also with two EPIYA-C motifs independently of age groups (all P < .05). The results of our study show that H. pylori vacAi1 could be more potent than the other H. pylori virulent factors for predicting the precancerous gastric lesions, confirming that this gene may be helpful to identify patients at high risk for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounia El Khadir
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine Biomédecine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fès, Morocco
| | - Samia Boukhris Alaoui
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine Biomédecine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fès, Morocco
| | - Dafr-Allah Benajah
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine Biomédecine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fès, Morocco.,Service d'Hépato Gastro-entérologie CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco
| | - Sidi Adil Ibrahimi
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine Biomédecine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fès, Morocco.,Service d'Hépato Gastro-entérologie CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco
| | - Laila Chbani
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Abkari
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine Biomédecine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fès, Morocco.,Service d'Hépato Gastro-entérologie CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco
| | - Bahia Bennani
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine Biomédecine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fès, Morocco
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30
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Ghasemi-Kebria F, Amiriani T, Fazel A, Naimi-Tabiei M, Norouzi A, Khoshnia M, Seyyedmajidi M, Pooshani A, Mousaviemadi S, Poorkhani H, Sedaghat S, Salamat F, Hasanpour-Heidari S, Jafari-Delouie N, Gholami M, Semnani S, Roshandel G, Weiderpass E, Malekzadeh R. Trends in the Incidence of Stomach Cancer in Golestan Province, a High-risk Area in Northern Iran, 2004-2016. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2020; 23:362-368. [PMID: 32536172 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2020.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to present the temporal and geographical trends in the incidence of stomach cancer in the Golestan province, a high-risk area in Northern Iran. METHODS This study was conducted on stomach cancer cases registered in the Golestan Population-based Cancer Registry (GPCR) during 2004-2016. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) per 100000 person-years were calculated. The Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the average annual percent changes (AAPC). We also calculated the contribution of population aging, population size and risk to the overall changes in incidence rates. RESULTS Overall, 2964 stomach cancer patients were registered. The ASR of stomach cancer was significantly higher in men (26.9) than women (12.2) (P<0.01). There was a significant decreasing trend in incidence of stomach cancer in men (AAPC=-1.80, 95% CI: -3.30 to-0.28; P=0.02). We found a higher ASR of stomach cancer in the rural (21.4) than urban (18.1) (P=0.04) population, as well as a significant decreasing trend in its rates (AAPC=-2.14, 95% CI: -3.10to-1.17; P<0.01). The number of new cases of stomach cancer increased by 22.33% (from 215 in 2004 to 263 in 2016), of which 18.1%, 25.1% and -20.9% were due to population size, population aging and risk, respectively. Our findings suggest a higher rate for stomach cancer in eastern areas. CONCLUSION We found high incidence rates as well as temporal and geographical diversities in ASR of stomach cancer in Golestan, Iran. Our results showed an increase in the number of new cases, mainly due to population size and aging. Further studies are warranted to determine the risk factors of this cancer in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Fazel
- Cancer Research center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Omid Cancer Research Center, Omid Preventive and Health Promotion Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Norouzi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Seyyedmajidi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Pooshani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - SeyedeFatemeh Mousaviemadi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Houshang Poorkhani
- Department of Hematology/oncology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - SeyedMehdi Sedaghat
- Deputy of Public Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Salamat
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Susan Hasanpour-Heidari
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nastaran Jafari-Delouie
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Gholami
- Death registry unit, Deputy of Public Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shahryar Semnani
- Omid Cancer Research Center, Omid Preventive and Health Promotion Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Azevedo MM, Pina-Vaz C, Baltazar F. Microbes and Cancer: Friends or Faux? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093115. [PMID: 32354115 PMCID: PMC7247677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly diseases in the world, representing the second leading cause of death. It is a multifactorial disease, in which genetic alterations play a key role, but several environmental factors also contribute to its development and progression. Infections induced by certain viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites constitute risk factors for cancer, being chronic infection associated to the development of certain types of cancer. On the other hand, susceptibility to infectious diseases is higher in cancer patients. The state of the host immune system plays a crucial role in the susceptibility to both infection and cancer. Importantly, immunosuppressive cancer treatments increase the risk of infection, by decreasing the host defenses. Furthermore, alterations in the host microbiota is also a key factor in the susceptibility to develop cancer. More recently, the identification of a tumor microbiota, in which bacteria establish a symbiotic relationship with cancer cells, opened a new area of research. There is evidence demonstrating that the interaction between bacteria and cancer cells can modulate the anticancer drug response and toxicity. The present review focuses on the interaction between microbes and cancer, specifically aiming to: (1) review the main infectious agents associated with development of cancer and the role of microbiota in cancer susceptibility; (2) highlight the higher vulnerability of cancer patients to acquire infectious diseases; (3) document the relationship between cancer cells and tissue microbiota; (4) describe the role of intratumoral bacteria in the response and toxicity to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manuel Azevedo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Agrupamento de Escolas D. Maria II, 4760-067 V.N. Famalicão, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-551-36
| | - Cidália Pina-Vaz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4835-258 Guimarães, Portugal
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Assumpção P, Araújo T, Khayat A, Ishak G, Santos S, Barra W, Acioli JF, Rossi B, Assumpção P. Hereditary gastric cancer: Three rules to reduce missed diagnoses. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1382-1393. [PMID: 32308342 PMCID: PMC7152522 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i13.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the most lethal cancers. The incidence and mortality rates are quite similar. The main reason for the high mortality is diagnosis at advanced stages of disease, when treatment options are poor. One of the supposed strategies to overcome late-stage diagnosis is identifying people at high risk with the aim of establishing rigorous clinical control, including routine endoscopy and biopsies. Hereditary gastric cancer (HGC) syndromes, though representing a sizeable group to monitor for prevention or, at least, for early diagnosis, are apparently extremely rare. The low rate of HGC diagnosis might be related to the low rates of suspicion, insufficient familiarity about clinical diagnosis criteria, and the supposed conditional necessity of a molecular diagnosis. In this review, we will discuss simple measures to increase HGC diagnosis by applying three rules that might provide an opportunity for precision care to benefit the families affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Assumpção
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Taíssa Araújo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - André Khayat
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Ishak
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Williams Barra
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - João Felipe Acioli
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Benedito Rossi
- Centro de Oncologia e Aconselhamento Genético, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Paulo Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
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Baj J, Brzozowska K, Forma A, Maani A, Sitarz E, Portincasa P. Immunological Aspects of the Tumor Microenvironment and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2544. [PMID: 32268527 PMCID: PMC7177728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative, microaerophilic pathogen often results in gastric cancer in a subset of affected individuals. This explains why H. pylori is the only bacterium classified as a class I carcinogen by the World Health Organization. Several studies have pinpointed mechanisms by which H. pylori alters signaling pathways in the host cell to cause diseases. In this article, the authors have reviewed 234 studies conducted over a span of 18 years (2002-2020). The studies investigated the various mechanisms associated with gastric cancer induction. For the past 1.5 years, researchers have discovered new mechanisms contributing to gastric cancer linked to H. pylori etiology. Alongside alteration of the host signaling pathways using oncogenic CagA pathways, H. pylori induce DNA damage in the host and alter the methylation of DNA as a means of perturbing downstream signaling. Also, with H. pylori, several pathways in the host cell are activated, resulting in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), together with the induction of cell proliferation and survival. Studies have shown that H. pylori enhances gastric carcinogenesis via a multifactorial approach. What is intriguing is that most of the targeted mechanisms and pathways appear common with various forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Karolina Brzozowska
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Amr Maani
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Sitarz
- Chair and 1st Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Gluska Street 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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Choi YI, Chung JW, Park DK, Kim KO, Kwon KA, Kim YJ, Seo JY. Tailored eradication vs empirical bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: A comparative, open trial. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6743-6751. [PMID: 31857776 PMCID: PMC6920661 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i46.6743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have compared the efficacy and safety profile of a tailored eradication (TR) strategy based on the presence of a 23S ribosomal RNA point mutation with those of empirical bismuth-based quadruple therapy (EBQT) for first-line eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in Korean patients.
AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of a TR strategy and those of EBQT regimen as first-line eradication therapy for H. pylori.
METHODS This is an open-label, comparative study in which we prospectively enrolled patients over 18 years of age with H. pylori infection and retrospectively reviewed their data. H. pylori-positive patients diagnosed by rapid urease test, Giemsa staining, or dual priming oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction (DPO-PCR) were enrolled from May 2016 to September 2018 at Gil Medical Center. Patients with H. pylori infection received either a TR regimen or the EBQT regimen. In the tailored therapy group that underwent DPO-PCR testing, patients with A2142G and/or A2143G point mutations were treated with a bismuth-containing quadruple regimen. The eradication rate, patient-reported side effect rate, and H. pylori eradication success rate were evaluated and compared between the groups.
RESULTS A total of 150 patients were assigned to the TR (n = 50) or EBQT group (n = 100). The first-line eradication rate of H. pylori did not differ between the groups (96.0% vs 95.7%, P = 0.9). The rate of eradication-related side effects for TR was 12.0%, which differed significantly from that of EBQT (43.0%) for first-line treatment (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION DPO-PCR-based TR for H. pylori eradication may be equally efficacious, with less treatment-related complications, compared to EBQT in Korea, where clarithromycin resistance is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn I Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Jun Won Chung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Dong Kyun Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Oh Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Kwang An Kwon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Ja Young Seo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, South Korea
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Li J, Wang L, He F, Li B, Han R. Long noncoding RNA LINC00629 restrains the progression of gastric cancer by upregulating AQP4 through competitively binding to miR-196b-5p. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2973-2985. [PMID: 31674022 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer continues to be a common cancer in the world with high incidence and mortality. Accumulating evidence has implicated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in gastric cancer progression. Here, this study identified the potential role of a novel lncRNA, LINC00629 in gastric cancer and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Initially, microarray-based gene expression profiling of gastric cancer was employed to identify differentially expressed genes. Next, the expression of LINC00629, microRNA-196b-5p (miR-196b-5p) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in clinical gastric cancer tissues was determined and the cell line presenting with the lowest LINC00629 expression was selected. The interaction among LINC00629, miR-196b-5p, and AQP4 was identified. Expression of LINC00629, miR-196b-5p, and AQP4 in gastric cancer cells were altered and then biological behaviors of gastric cancer cells were assessed by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and Transwell assays. Tumor formation in vivo was evaluated in nude mice. In gastric cancer, expression of LINC00629 and AQP4 was downregulated, and expression of miR-196b-5p was upregulated. Proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells were reduced after overexpression of LINC00629. LINC00629 competitively bound to miR-196b-5p, while AQP4 was a target of miR-196b-5p. Either downregulating miR-196b-5p or upregulating AQP4 could restrain the development of gastric cancer in vitro. LINC00629 overexpression repressed the growth of transplanted tumors in vivo. Taken together, LINC00629 competitively bound to miR-196b-5p to upregulate AQP4 expression, thereby inhibiting gastric cancer progression. Therefore, understanding of this mechanism may help to improve gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Departement of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Departement of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fang He
- Departement of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bo Li
- Departement of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruidong Han
- Departement of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Ghosn Y, Hussein Kamareddine M, Tawk A, Bou-Ayash N, Bou-Ayash H, Mokamer N, Yared R, Aoun M, Khoury S, Cortas G, Jabbour G, Bedran K, Farhat S. Analysis of gastric and duodenal biopsy results in patients presenting with dyspepsia: a cross-sectional study in a middle eastern population. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2019; 6:e000330. [PMID: 31645989 PMCID: PMC6781958 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2019-000330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Correa's cascade is a 'Model for Gastric Cancer Development' described by Peleyo Correa. The reversibility of Correa's cascade remains debatable. The literature contains insufficient data on the specific stage of the cascade during which Helicobacter pylori is detected, treated, and the effect on prognosis. Herein, we aim to determine the prevalence of various precancerous and cancerous gastric lesions in patients presenting with dyspepsia, the prevalence of gastritis and H. pylori infection, the prevalence of duodenal pathology in patients presenting with dyspepsia, identify the stage of H. pylori detection in relation to Correa's cascade, and investigate a possible relationship between H. pylori and celiac disease. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted on a middle eastern population at a Lebanese tertiary hospital centre. 1428 patients presenting with dyspepsia underwent gastroscopy with gastric and duodenal biopsies. Variables include age, sex, presence/absence of H. pylori infection, and histopathological analysis of gastric and duodenal biopsies. RESULTS Being above 40 years of age was associated with increased likelihood of exhibiting abnormal gastric biopsy result. Gastritis and metaplasia were detected more frequently than glandular atrophy (p<0.001) with gastritis being present the most (p<0.001). The presence of H. pylori and the gastric biopsy results were not associated with any of the duodenal biopsy results. CONCLUSION The burden of H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia was high. H. pylori was detected at various precancerous lesions with varying significance. The prevalence of duodenal adenocarcinoma in dyspeptic patients is unexpectedly high. No association between gastric and duodenal pathologies was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ghosn
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | | | - Antonios Tawk
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Naseem Bou-Ayash
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Haneen Bou-Ayash
- Faculty of Health and Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nader Mokamer
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Rawad Yared
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mouna Aoun
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Salem Khoury
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - George Cortas
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Gide Jabbour
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khalil Bedran
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Said Farhat
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Okabe A, Kiriyama Y, Suzuki S, Sakurai K, Teramoto A, Kato H, Naiki-Ito A, Tahara S, Takahashi S, Kuroda M, Sugioka A, Tsukamoto T. Short-term detection of gastric genotoxicity using the DNA double-strand break marker γ-H2AX. J Toxicol Pathol 2019; 32:91-99. [PMID: 31092975 PMCID: PMC6511543 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2019-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage caused by Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic inflammation or exposure to genotoxic agents is considered an important risk factor of gastric carcinogenesis. In this study, we have evaluated a short-term technique to detect DNA damage response to various chemical carcinogens; it involves visualization of Ser 139-phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX) foci by immunohistochemistry and expression analysis of other genes by quantitative RT-PCR. Six-week-old male rats were intragastrically administered N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB), dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), and 1,2- dimethylhydrazine (DMH) for 5 days/week for 4 weeks, using corn oil as a vehicle. Animals were sacrificed at day 28, and their stomachs were excised. γ-H2AX foci formation, indicating DNA double-strand breaks, was observed in the proliferative zone of both fundic and pyloric glands. The number of positive cells per gland was significantly high in pyloric glands in the MNU group and in fundic glands in the MNU and DMAB groups. A significant increase in p21waf1 mRNA level was observed in the DMN group compared with the control, which was in contrast to the decreasing tendency of the h2afx mRNA level in the MNU and DMN groups. Apoptotic cells positive for γ-H2AX pan or peripheral nuclear staining were observed on the surface layer of the fundic mucosa in the MNU group. The fundic pepsinogen a5 (pga5) mRNA level showed a significant decrease, indicating gland damage. The pyloric pepsinogen c mRNA level showed no change. In conclusion, γ-H2AX in combination with other gene expression analyses could be a useful biomarker in a short-term experiment on gastric chemical genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asako Okabe
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuka Kiriyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Narita Memorial Hospital, 134 Haneihonmachi, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8029, Japan
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kouhei Sakurai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teramoto
- Faculty of Radiological Technology, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Sayumi Tahara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sugioka
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsukamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Mikołajczyk A, Złotkowska D. Subclinical Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella Enteritidis Induces Dysregulation of Bioactive Substances from Selected Brain Sections and Glands of Neuroendocrine Axes. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E91. [PMID: 30717384 PMCID: PMC6409941 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can contribute to the pathogenesis and the clinical symptoms of many diseases such as cancer, mental disorders, neurodegenerative as well as metabolic diseases. The asymptomatic carrier state of Salmonella spp. is a very important public health problem. A subclinical single dose of LPS obtained from S. Enteritidis (5 μg/kg, i.v.) was administered to discern the consequences of changes of various brain peptides such as corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), galanin (GAL), neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in selected clinically important brain sections and endocrine glands of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), -thyroid (HPT), -ovarian (HPO) axes. The study was conducted on ten immature crossbred female pigs. The brain peptides were extracted from the hypothalamus (medial basal hypothalamus, preoptic area, lateral hypothalamic area, mammillary bodies, and the stalk median eminence), and pituitary gland (adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis) sections and from the ovaries and adrenal and thyroid glands. There was no difference in health status between LPS and the control groups during the period of the experiment. Nevertheless, even a low single dose of LPS from S. Enteritidis that did not result in any clinical symptoms of disease induced dysregulation of various brain peptides, such as CRH, GnRH, TRH, GAL, NPY, SOM, SP, and VIP in selected brain sections of hypothalamus, pituitary gland and in the endocrine glands of the HPA, HPO, and HPT axes. In conclusion, the obtained results clearly show that subclinical LPS from S. Enteritidis can affect the brain chemistry structure and dysregulate bioactive substance from selected brain sections and glands of the neuroendocrine axes. The exact mechanisms by which LPS can influence major neuroendocrine axes are not fully understood and require further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Mikołajczyk
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Dagmara Złotkowska
- Department of Food Immunology and Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Genetic Polymorphisms in Inflammatory and Other Regulators in Gastric Cancer: Risks and Clinical Consequences. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 421:53-76. [PMID: 31123885 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-15138-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the development of a chronic inflammatory response, which may induce peptic ulcers, gastric cancer (GC), and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Chronic H. pylori infection promotes the genetic instability of gastric epithelial cells and interferes with the DNA repair systems in host cells. Colonization of the stomach with H. pylori is an important cause of non-cardia GC and gastric MALT lymphoma. The reduction of GC development in patients who underwent anti-H. pylori eradication schemes has also been well described. Individual susceptibility to GC development depends on the host's genetic predisposition, H. pylori virulence factors, environmental conditions, and geographical determinants. Biological determinants are urgently sought to predict the clinical course of infection in individuals with confirmed H. pylori infection. Possible candidates for such biomarkers include genetic aberrations such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found in various cytokines/growth factors (e.g., IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A/B, IFN-γ, TNF, TGF-β) and their receptors (IL-RN, TGFR), innate immunity receptors (TLR2, TLR4, CD14, NOD1, NOD2), enzymes involved in signal transduction cascades (PLCE1, PKLR, PRKAA1) as well as glycoproteins (MUC1, PSCA), and DNA repair enzymes (ERCC2, XRCC1, XRCC3). Bacterial determinants related to GC development include infection with CagA-positive (particularly with a high number of EPIYA-C phosphorylation motifs) and VacA-positive isolates (in particular s1/m1 allele strains). The combined genotyping of bacterial and host determinants suggests that the accumulation of polymorphisms favoring host and bacterial features increases the risk for precancerous and cancerous lesions in patients.
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40
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Aziz AHAEL, Abdallah HM, Awad SM, EL-Bahr O, Khalil A, Abo Riaa GY. Association of ATG16L1 genetic variant with Helicobacter pylori infection in Egyptian patients with chronic gastritis disease. FRONTIERS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE 2018; 2:134-140. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.flm.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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41
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Zhu YD, Hu L, Li P, Zhang M, Liu YQ. Effects of Celastrus orbiculatus on Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Mucosal Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting Lgr5 Expression from Rats with Gastric Precancerous Lesions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1129-1143. [PMID: 29976080 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The extract of Celastrus orbiculatus (COE) has been shown to possess anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) activity and anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular mechanism by which COE on precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) has not been fully elucidated so far. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect and mechanism of COE in the rat model of PLGC, after the rat model of PLGC was successfully constructed. The effects of COE in gastric mucosa of rats with PLGC were tested using routine pathology and a transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The protein and mRNA expression levels of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin) and leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) were detected adopting techniques of immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot assays. The body weight of PLGC rats was significantly higher in the COE group than that in the untreated group. The process of PLGC was significantly reversed after COE treatment, shown by observing the changes of histopathological morphology and ultrastructure. Gastric mucosal epithelial cells in COE high dose (COE-H) group showed significantly higher expression levels of E-cadherin, and lower expression levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin and Lgr5 than those of the untreated group. COE could suppress the spatial distribution of Lgr5[Formula: see text] cell changes in PLGC rats. These findings suggested that the therapeutic mechanisms of COE in treating PLGC might be related with its effects on reversing the EMT process and inhibiting Lgr5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Dong Zhu
- * Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical University of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Lei Hu
- * Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical University of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- * Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical University of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- * Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical University of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Qing Liu
- † Chinese Medical Institution, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Jiang J, Shen S, Dong N, Liu J, Xu Q, Sun L, Yuan Y. Correlation between negative expression of pepsinogen C and a series of phenotypic markers of gastric cancer in different gastric diseases. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4068-4076. [PMID: 29963765 PMCID: PMC6089156 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric tumorigenesis is a multistep process initiated by chronic superficial gastritis (SG), followed by atrophic gastritis (AG), then intestinal metaplasia (IM), and finally by dysplasia and adenocarcinoma according to the Correa model. Pepsinogen C (PGC) decreases gradually during progression of cancer, which makes PGC an ideal negative marker for GC. To explore the correlation between PGC and other positive tumor markers in different gastric diseases, we observed the expression of PGC, MG7‐Ag, MMP9, NM23, Ki‐67, and E‐cadherin by immunohistochemistry, quantitative RT‐PCR, and immunoblot analysis. Our results showed that in SG, PGC was highly expressed while malignant phenotype markers were rarely expressed. In contrast with SG, malignant phenotype markers were highly expressed while the positive rate of PGC reached only 1.44% in GC. So there was no coexpression of PGC and malignant phenotype markers in SG or GC tissues. Only in the AG group, which is well‐known to be gastric precancerous disease, coexpression of PGC and malignant phenotype markers was detected. Our results suggested that the expression of PGC in AG was negatively correlated with that of MG7‐Ag and MMP9. Of all AG, those with low expression of PGC and high expression of MG7‐Ag and MMP9 may possess a greater potential of malignant transformation. Combined detection of negative marker PGC and positive markers MG7‐Ag and MMP9 could be used as a potential follow‐up panel for monitoring dynamical progression of AG and improving the detection efficiency of high‐risk individuals of gastric cancer, and then taking necessary interventions on the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Jiang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Shenyang, China.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shixuan Shen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Nannan Dong
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Shenyang, China
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Abuderman AA. Gastric cancer & prospects of cancer in Saudi Arabia peninsula. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 26:1095-1100. [PMID: 31516334 PMCID: PMC6734134 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is classified to be an aggressive disease with poor treatment outcome, as most cases remain undetected until later stages, wherein surgery and few chemotherapeutics become the only recommended treatment course. The process of cancer development is multistep involving many stages and types of precancerous lesions, and hence, routine monitoring becomes a necessity in those detected with these or exposed to risk factors. Studying the pattern of gastric cancer for any geographical region is also important to control mortality and focus on implementation of efficient management and treatment guidelines. The cause for gastric cancer can be genetic, racial as well as environmental, and hence the pattern of this malignancy differs across geographical regions and between the developing and the developed nations. In case of the Kindgom of Saudi Arabia, very few hospital-based reports have been published highlighting the pattern of gastric cancer, and the associated incidence and mortality rates. However, classified to be one of the most crucial cancer forms in Saudi Arabia, research pertaining to epidemiology, presentation and pathological features are limited. Studying gastric cancer occurrence from public health viewpoint is important also because eradication of causative agents like those that H. pylori has also shown been not reduce the risk of cancer development among individuals with atrophic metaplastic gastritis. In case of Saudi Arabia, many inherent risks for this malignancy exists like waterpipe smoking and shift in diet pattern from the traditional Mediterranean diet. Our review focusses on pattern of gastric cancer on a global scale in comparison to scenario in Saudi Arabia. The aim is to encompass all of the less stressed upon facts about this malignancy in the Kingdom, paving way for future work in this regards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman
- Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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