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Jiang D, Yang L, Meng X, Xu Q, Zhou X, Liu B. Let-7f-5p Modulates Lipid Metabolism by Targeting Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 2 in Response to PRRSV Infection. Vet Sci 2024; 11:392. [PMID: 39330771 PMCID: PMC11435751 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11090392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has caused substantial damage to the pig industry. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were found to play crucial roles in modulating the pathogenesis of PRRS virus (PRRSV). In the present study, we revealed that PRRSV induced let-7f-5p to influence lipid metabolism to regulate PRRSV pathogenesis. A transcriptome analysis of PRRSV-infected PK15CD163 cells transfected with let-7f-5p mimics or negative control (NC) generated 1718 differentially expressed genes, which were primarily associated with lipid metabolism processes. Furthermore, the master regulator of lipogenesis SREBP2 was found to be directly targeted by let-7f-5p using a dual-luciferase reporter system and Western blotting. The findings demonstrate that let-7f-5p modulates lipogenesis by targeting SREBP2, providing novel insights into miRNA-mediated PRRSV pathogenesis and offering a potential antiviral therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Institute of Pig Biotech Breeding, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Liyu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Institute of Pig Biotech Breeding, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangge Meng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiuliang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Institute of Pig Biotech Breeding, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- The Engineering Technology Research Center of Hubei Province Local Pig Breed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- The Engineering Technology Research Center of Hubei Province Local Pig Breed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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Qin W, Jiang J, Wu J, Xie Y, Wu Z, Sun M, Bao W. Exosomal ssc-miR-1343 targets FAM131C to regulate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection in pigs. Vet Res 2024; 55:91. [PMID: 39039559 PMCID: PMC11264985 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes diarrhea in piglets, thereby causing very significant economic losses for the global swine industry. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the infection caused by PEDV. However, the precise molecular mechanism of miRNAs in the regulation of PEDV infection is still not fully understood. In the present study, we utilized miRNA-seq analysis to identify ssc-miR-1343 with differential expression between PEDV-infected and normal piglets. The expression of ssc-miR-1343 was detected in isolated exosomes, and it was found to be significantly higher than that in the controls following PEDV infection. The ssc-miR-1343 mimic was found to decrease PEDV replication, whereas the ssc-miR-1343 inhibitor was observed to increase PEDV replication, and ssc-miR-1343 was delivered by exosomes during PEDV infection. Mechanistically, ssc-miR-1343 binds to the 3'UTR region of FAM131C, down-regulating its expression, and FAM131C has been shown to enhance PEDV replication through simultaneously suppressing pathways associated with innate immunity. The ssc-miR-1343/FAM131C axis was found to upregulate the host immune response against PEDV infection. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the transport of ssc-miR-1343 in exosomes is involved in PEDV infection. This discovery presents a new potential target for the development of drugs to treat PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiayun Wu
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 22530, China
| | - Yunxiao Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Mingan Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Chen Q, Pan XH, Wang QH, Bai JJ, Jiang LQ, Li YH, Zhao Y, Xie XD, Qin Y, Hu TJ. Sophora subprostrate polysaccharide targets LncRNA MSTRG.5823.1 to suppress PCV2-mediated immunosuppression via TNF/NF-κB signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112701. [PMID: 39024747 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection induces immunosuppression in piglets. Sophora subprostrate polysaccharide (SSP) exhibits various pharmacological activities, including immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant properties. However, the acts of lncRNAs in regulating the therapeutic effects of SSP on PCV2-infected RAW264.7 cells remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate PCV2-induced immunosuppression during SSP treatment. Our findings revealed that 1699 mRNAs, 373 lncRNAs, and 129 miRNAs were differentially expressed in PCV2-infected RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, 359 mRNAs, 271 lncRNAs, and 79 miRNAs exhibited differential expression in SSP-treated PCV2-infected RAW264.7 cells. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the candidate genes were enriched in the TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, based on GO and KEGG pathway analysis, a ceRNA network involving chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2), miR-217-x, and MSTRG.5823.1 was constructed. We demonstrated that lncRNA MSTRG.5823.1 localized to the cytoplasm. Moreover, we found that silencing or overexpressing lncRNA MSTRG.5823.1 significantly modulated PCV2-induced immunosuppression by regulating the activation of the TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway. Specifically, lncRNA MSTRG.5823.1 overexpression increased the expression of TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway-related genes and proteins in PCV2-infected RAW264.7 cells. Conversely, silencing lncRNA MSTRG.5823.1 decreased their expression. Rescue assays further revealed that the suppressive effects of miR-217-x overexpression on TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway-related genes and proteins could be reversed by MSTRG.5823.1 overexpression. These findings highlight the critical role of lncRNA MSTRG.5823.1 in PCV2 infection progression and suggest a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of PCV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Xian-Hui Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Qiu-Hua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Li-Qun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yang Qin
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University 550001, PR China.
| | - Ting-Jun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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Wu J, Su L, Ma G, Wang Y, Luo Y, EI-Ashram S, Alajmi RA, Li Z. Impact of PEDV infection on the biological characteristics of porcine intestinal exosomes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1392450. [PMID: 38803376 PMCID: PMC11128675 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1392450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal infection primarily affecting pigs. It is caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). PEDV targets the villus tissue cells in the small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes, resulting in shortened intestinal villi and, in extreme cases, causing necrosis of the intestinal lining. Moreover, PEDV infection can disrupt the balance of the intestinal microflora, leading to an overgrowth of harmful bacteria like Escherichia coli. Exosomes, tiny membrane vesicles ranging from 30 to 150 nm in size, contain a complex mixture of RNA and proteins. MicroRNA (miRNA) regulates various cell signaling, development, and disease progression processes. This study extracted exosomes from both groups and performed high-throughput miRNA sequencing and bioinformatics techniques to investigate differences in miRNA expression within exosomes isolated from PEDV-infected porcine small intestine tissue compared to healthy controls. Notably, two miRNA types displayed upregulation in infected exosomes, while 12 exhibited downregulation. These findings unveil abnormal miRNA regulation patterns in PEDV-infected intestinal exosomes, shedding light on the intricate interplay between PEDV and its host. This will enable further exploration of the relationship between these miRNA changes and signaling pathways, enlightening PEDV pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Langju Su
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Guangmiao Ma
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuhang Luo
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Saeed EI-Ashram
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr EI-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Reem Atalla Alajmi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhili Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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Ye C, Cao X, Sheng J, Sun Y, Li G, Fang W, Zhang Y. MiR-339-5p inhibits replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by targeting viral gene regions. Virus Genes 2024:10.1007/s11262-024-02059-6. [PMID: 38368577 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-024-02059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a variable virus, whose spread cannot be totally stopped by vaccination. PRRSV infection results in abortion and respiratory symptoms in pregnant pigs. One crucial component of the anti-viral infection strategy is microRNA (miRNA), a class of multifunctional small molecules. It is unknown whether miR-339-5p can specifically target the PRRSV gene and prevent the virus from replicating, despite the fact that miR-339-5p is markedly up-regulated during the PRRSV infection. In this pursuit, the present study revealed that the two PRRSV areas targeted by miR-339-5p were PRRSV nsp2-3378 to 3403 and PRRSV nsp2-3112 to 3133 using the miRanda program. Dual luciferase reporter assays showed that the miR-339-5p target region of the PRRSV gene sequence exhibited 100% homology and was highly conserved. Furthermore, the ability of miR-339-5p to target PRRSV gene areas was verified. It was found that the overexpression of miR-339-5p markedly reduced the PRRSV replication through PRRSV infection trials. The precursor sequence of ssc-miR-339-5p was amplified using the DNA of pig lung tissue as a template in order to create a fragment of 402 bp of porcine-derived miR-339-5p precursor sequence, which was then used to produce the eukaryotic expression plasmid of miR-339-5p. In conclusion, miR-339-5p can target the specific PRRSV gene areas and prevent PRRSV replication, offering fresh perspectives for the creation of medications that combat the PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifang Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinyan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinliang Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanming Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guang Li
- Eighth Division, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation, Shihezi City, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenbin Fang
- Eighth Division, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation, Shihezi City, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Yanbing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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Li F, Yu H, Qi A, Zhang T, Huo Y, Tu Q, Qi C, Wu H, Wang X, Zhou J, Hu L, Ouyang H, Pang D, Xie Z. Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs during Porcine Viral Infections: Potential Targets for Antiviral Therapy. Viruses 2024; 16:118. [PMID: 38257818 PMCID: PMC10818342 DOI: 10.3390/v16010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigs play important roles in agriculture and bio-medicine; however, porcine viral infections have caused huge losses to the pig industry and severely affected the animal welfare and social public safety. During viral infections, many non-coding RNAs are induced or repressed by viruses and regulate viral infection. Many viruses have, therefore, developed a number of mechanisms that use ncRNAs to evade the host immune system. Understanding how ncRNAs regulate host immunity during porcine viral infections is critical for the development of antiviral therapies. In this review, we provide a summary of the classification, production and function of ncRNAs involved in regulating porcine viral infections. Additionally, we outline pathways and modes of action by which ncRNAs regulate viral infections and highlight the therapeutic potential of artificial microRNA. Our hope is that this information will aid in the development of antiviral therapies based on ncRNAs for the pig industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Aosi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Yuran Huo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Qiuse Tu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Chunyun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Heyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Lanxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Zicong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
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Garnier N, Sane F, Massara L, Soncin F, Gosset P, Hober D, Szunerits S, Engelmann I. Genes Involved in miRNA Biogenesis Are Not Downregulated in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051177. [PMID: 37243263 DOI: 10.3390/v15051177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, are involved in various pathological processes, including viral infections. Virus infections may interfere with the miRNA pathway through the inhibition of genes involved in miRNA biogenesis. A reduction in the number and the levels of miRNAs expressed in nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with severe COVID-19 was lately observed by us, pointing towards the potential of miRNAs as possible diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for predicting outcomes among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 infection influences the expression levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of key genes involved in miRNA biogenesis. mRNA levels of AGO2, DICER1, DGCR8, DROSHA, and Exportin-5 (XPO5) were measured by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in nasopharyngeal swab specimens from patients with COVID-19 and controls, as well as in cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Our data showed that the mRNA expression levels of AGO2, DICER1, DGCR8, DROSHA, and XPO5 were not significantly different in patients with severe COVID-19 when compared to patients with non-severe COVID-19 and controls. Similarly, the mRNA expression of these genes was not affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHBE and Calu-3 cells. However, in Vero E6 cells, AGO2, DICER1, DGCR8, and XPO5 mRNA levels were slightly upregulated 24 h after infection with SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, we did not find evidence for downregulation of mRNA levels of miRNA biogenesis genes during SARS-CoV-2 infection, neither ex vivo nor in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Garnier
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, University Lille and CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Famara Sane
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, University Lille and CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Layal Massara
- CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CIIL-OpInfIELD, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Soncin
- CNRS/IIS/Centre Oscar Lambret/Lille University SMMiL-E Project, CNRS Délégation Hauts-de-France, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, CNRS IRL2820, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Philippe Gosset
- CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CIIL-OpInfIELD, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Didier Hober
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, University Lille and CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ilka Engelmann
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, University Lille and CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- PCCEI, University Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France
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8
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Zhao Q, Xu Q, Serafino MA, Zhang Q, Wang C, Yu Y. Comprehensive analysis of circular RNAs in porcine small intestine epithelial cells associated with susceptibility to Escherichia coli F4ac diarrhea. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:211. [PMID: 37085748 PMCID: PMC10122348 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in pig industry, which seriously threatens the health of piglets and causes huge economic losses. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4 is regarded as the most important cause of diarrhea in piglets. Some pigs are naturally resistant to those diarrheas caused by ETEC-F4, because they have no F4 receptors (F4R) on their small intestine epithelial cells that allow F4 fimbriae adhesion. Circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to play an important regulatory role in the pathogenesis of disease. We hypothesized that circRNAs may also regulate the adhesion of piglet small intestinal epithelial cells to ETEC F4 fimbriae. However, the circRNA expression profiles of piglets with different Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 fimbriae (ETEC-F4ac) adhesion phenotypes are still unclear, and the intermediate regulatory mechanisms need to be explored. Hence, the present study assessed the circRNA expression profiling in small intestine epithelial cells of eight male piglets with different ETEC-F4 adhesion phenotypes and ITGB5 genotypes to unravel their regulatory function in susceptibility to ETEC-F4ac diarrhea. Piglets were divided into two groups: non-adhesive group (n = 4) with CC genotype and adhesive group (n = 4) with TT genotype. RESULTS The RNA-seq data analysis identified 13,199 circRNAs from eight samples, most of which were exon-derived. In the small intestine epithelial cells, 305 were differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs between the adhesive and non-adhesive groups; of which 46 circRNAs were upregulated, and 259 were downregulated. Gene ontology and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that most significantly enriched DE circRNAs' host genes were linked to cytoskeletal components, protein phosphorylation, cell adhesion, ion transport and pathways (such as adherens junction, gap junction) associated with ETEC diarrhea. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network was also constructed to elucidate their underlying regulatory relationships. Our results identified several candidate circRNAs that affects susceptibility to ETEC diarrhea. Among them, circ-SORBS1 can adsorb ssc-miR-345-3p to regulate the expression of its host gene SORBS1, thus improving cell adhesion. CONCLUSION Our results provided insights into the regulation function of circRNAs in susceptibility to ETEC diarrhea of piglets, and enhanced our understanding of the role of circRNAs in regulating ETEC diarrhea, and reveal the great potential of circRNA as a diagnostic marker for susceptibility of ETEC diarrhea in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - M A Serafino
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Juba, B. O. Pox 82, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chuduan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Arman K, Dalloul Z, Bozgeyik E. Emerging role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in COVID-19 with implications to therapeutics. Gene 2023; 861:147232. [PMID: 36736508 PMCID: PMC9892334 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection which is commonly known as COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) has creeped into the human population taking tolls of life and causing tremendous economic crisis. It is indeed crucial to gain knowledge about their characteristics and interactions with human host cells. It has been shown that the majority of our genome consists of non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs including micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) display significant roles in regulating gene expression in almost all cancers and viral diseases. It is intriguing that miRNAs and lncRNAs remarkably regulate the function and expression of major immune components of SARS-CoV-2. MiRNAs act via RNA interference mechanism in which they bind to the complementary sequences of the viral RNA strand, inducing the formation of silencing complex that eventually degrades or inhibits the viral RNA and viral protein expression. LncRNAs have been extensively shown to regulate gene expression in cytokine storm and thus emerges as a critical target for COVID-19 treatment. These lncRNAs also act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by sponging miRNAs and thus affecting the expression of downstream targets during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we extensively discuss the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs, describe their mechanism of action and their different interacting human targets cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, we discuss possible ways how an interference with their molecular function could be exploited for new therapies against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifee Arman
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
| | - Zeinab Dalloul
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Esra Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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10
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Liang JQ, Xie MY, Hou LJ, Wang HL, Luo JY, Sun JJ, Xi QY, Jiang QY, Chen T, Zhang YL. miRNAs derived from milk small extracellular vesicles inhibit porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. Antiviral Res 2023; 212:105579. [PMID: 36907442 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the genus Alphacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, causes acute diarrhea and/or vomiting, dehydration, and high mortality in neonatal piglets. It has caused huge economic losses to animal husbandry worldwide. Current commercial PEDV vaccines do not provide enough protection against variant and evolved virus strains. No specific drugs are available to treat PEDV infection. The development of more effective therapeutic anti-PEDV agents is urgently needed. Our previous study suggested that porcine milk small extracellular vesicles (sEV) facilitate intestinal tract development and prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury. However, the effects of milk sEV during viral infection remain unclear. Our study found that porcine milk sEV, which was isolated and purified by differential ultracentrifugation, could inhibit PEDV replication in IPEC-J2 and Vero cells. Simultaneously, we constructed a PEDV infection model for piglet intestinal organoids and found that milk sEV also inhibited PEDV infection. Subsequently, in vivo experiments showed that milk sEV pre-feeding exerted robust protection of piglets from PEDV-induced diarrhea and mortality. Strikingly, we found that the miRNAs extracted from milk sEV inhibited PEDV infection. miRNA-seq, bioinformatics analysis, and experimental verification demonstrated that miR-let-7e and miR-27b, which were identified in milk sEV targeted PEDV N and host HMGB1, suppressed viral replication. Taken together, we revealed the biological function of milk sEV in resisting PEDV infection and proved its cargo miRNAs, miR-let-7e and miR-27b, possess antiviral functions. This study is the first description of the novel function of porcine milk sEV in regulating PEDV infection. It provides a better understanding of milk sEV resistance to coronavirus infection, warranting further studies to develop sEV as an attractive antiviral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Qi Liang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Mei-Ying Xie
- Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510520, China
| | - Lian-Jie Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, 511518, China
| | - Hai-Long Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Jun-Yi Luo
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Jia-Jie Sun
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Qian-Yun Xi
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Qing-Yan Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
| | - Yong-Liang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
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11
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Chen W, Chang Y, Sun C, Xu M, Dong M, Zhao N, Wang Y, Zhang J, Xu N, Liu W. A novel circular RNA circNLRP3 alleviated ricin toxin-induced TNF-α production through sponging miR-221-5p. Toxicon 2023; 224:107046. [PMID: 36702354 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been discovered to be critical modulators of inflammatory processes. Ricin Toxin (RT) is highly toxic to mammalian cells and low doses of RT can induce acute inflammation. However, current researches on the underlying mechanism and function of circRNA/miRNA network in RT-induced inflammation are limited. Previously, we found miR-221-5p was aberrant and associated with the inflammation of RT induction. In this study, based on the circRNA high-throughput sequencing (circRNA-seq), we obtained a novel circRNA termed circNLRP3 and revealed that circNLRP3 can sponge miR-221-5p, release its target mRNA A20, and further suppress NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviated RT-induced TNF-α production. Our findings elucidated a possible mechanistic link between the circNLRP3/miR-221-5p/A20 axis and RT-induced inflammatory response, which may broaden our understanding of RT poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ying Chang
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, Jilin, PR China
| | - Chengbiao Sun
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Meng Xu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, PR China
| | - Mingxin Dong
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Na Zhao
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jianxu Zhang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Na Xu
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Wensen Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, PR China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, PR China.
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12
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Zheng HQ, Li C, Zhu XF, Wang WX, Yin BY, Zhang WJ, Feng SL, Yin XH, Huang H, Zhang YM. miR-615 facilitates porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by targeting IRAK1 to inhibit type III interferon expression. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1071394. [PMID: 36643411 PMCID: PMC9832332 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1071394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in the Coronavirus family is a highly contagious enteric pathogen in the swine industry, which has evolved mechanisms to evade host innate immune responses. The PEDV-mediated inhibition of interferons (IFNs) has been linked to the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in virus-host interactions and IFN-I regulation. However, the mechanism by which the PEDV regulates IFN during PEDV infection has not yet been investigated in its natural target cells. We here report a novel mechanism of viral immune escape involving miR-615, which was screened from a high-throughput sequencing library of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) infected with PEDV. PEDV infection altered the profiles of miRNAs and the activities of several pathways involved in innate immunity. Overexpression of miR-615 increased PEDV replication, inhibited IFN expression, downregulated the NF-κB pathway, and blocked p65 nuclear translocation. In contrast, knockdown of miR-615 enhanced IFN expression, suppressed PEDV replication, and activated the NF-κB pathway. We further determined that IRAK1 is the target gene of miR-615 in IECs. Our findings show that miR-615 suppresses activation of the NF-κB pathway by suppressing the IRAK1 protein and reducing the generation of IFN-IIIs, which in turn facilitates PEDV infection in IECs. Moreover, miR-615 inhibited PEDV replication and NF-κB pathway activation in both IECs and MARC-145 cells. These findings support an important role for miR-615 in the innate immune regulation of PEDV infections and provide a novel perspective for developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-qing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-fu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei-Xiao Wang
- Institute of Hemu Biotechnology, Beijing Hemu Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Bao-ying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shu-lin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xun-hui Yin
- Liangshan County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Development Center, Liangshan County Animal Husbandry Bureau, Jining, China
| | - He Huang
- Institute of Hemu Biotechnology, Beijing Hemu Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China,*Correspondence: He Huang,
| | - Yan-ming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China,Yan-ming Zhang,
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13
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhou J, Wang X, Ma L, Li J, Yang L, Yuan H, Pang D, Ouyang H. Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: An Updated Overview of Virus Epidemiology, Virulence Variation Patterns and Virus-Host Interactions. Viruses 2022; 14:2434. [PMID: 36366532 PMCID: PMC9695474 DOI: 10.3390/v14112434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of the coronavirus family, causing deadly watery diarrhea in newborn piglets. The global pandemic of PEDV, with significant morbidity and mortality, poses a huge threat to the swine industry. The currently developed vaccines and drugs are only effective against the classic GI strains that were prevalent before 2010, while there is no effective control against the GII variant strains that are currently a global pandemic. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in the biology of PEDV, including its transmission and origin, structure and function, evolution, and virus-host interaction, in an attempt to find the potential virulence factors influencing PEDV pathogenesis. We conclude with the mechanism by which PEDV components antagonize the immune responses of the virus, and the role of host factors in virus infection. Essentially, this review serves as a valuable reference for the development of attenuated virus vaccines and the potential of host factors as antiviral targets for the prevention and control of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yiwu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lerong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hongming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
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14
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SP1/miR-92a-1-5p/SOCS5: A novel regulatory axis in feline panleukopenia virus replication. Vet Microbiol 2022; 273:109549. [PMID: 36037621 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital post-transcriptional regulators that participate in host-pathogen interactions by modulating the expression of cellular factors. Previous studies have demonstrated that feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) alters miRNA expression levels within host cells. However, the relationship between FPV replication and host miRNAs remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that FPV infection significantly altered cellular miR-92a-1-5p expression in F81 cells by upregulating the expression of specificity protein 1 (SP1). Furthermore, we observed that miR-92a-1-5p enhanced interferon (IFN-α/β) expression by targeting the suppressors of cytokine signaling 5 (SOCS5) that negatively regulates NF-κB signaling and inhibits FPV replication in host cells. These findings revealed that miR-92a-1-5p plays a crucial role in host defense against FPV infection.
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15
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Goud VR, Chakraborty R, Chakraborty A, Lavudi K, Patnaik S, Sharma S, Patnaik S. A bioinformatic approach of targeting SARS-CoV-2 replication by silencing a conserved alternative reserve of the orf8 gene using host miRNAs. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105436. [PMID: 35366472 PMCID: PMC8942883 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has yielded multiple relevant mutations, many of which have branched into major variants. The Omicron variant has a huge similarity with the original viral strain (first COVID-19 strain from Wuhan). Among different genes, the highly variable orf8 gene is responsible for crucial host interactions and has undergone multiple mutations and indels. The sequence of the orf8 gene of the Omicron variant is, however, identical with the gene sequence of the wild type. orf8 modulates the host immunity making it easier for the virus to conceal itself and remain undetected. Variants seem to be deleting this gene without affecting the viral replication. While analyzing, we came across the conserved orf7a gene in the viral genome which exhibits a partial sequence homology as well as functional similarity with the SARS-CoV-2 orf8. Hence, we have proposed here in our hypothesis that, orf7a might be an alternative reserve of orf8 present in the virus which was compensating for the lost gene. A computational approach was adopted where we screened various miRNAs targeted against the orf8 gene. These miRNAs were then docked onto the orf8 mRNA sequences. The same set of miRNAs was then used to check for their binding affinity with the orf7a reference mRNA. Results showed that miRNAs targeting the orf8 had favorable shape complementarity and successfully docked with the orf7a gene as well. These findings provide a basis for developing new therapeutic approaches where both orf8 and orf7a can be targeted simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kousalya Lavudi
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sriram Patnaik
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India,Dept. of Skill Buildings Shri Ramasamy Memorial University, Sikkim, Gangtok, 737102, India
| | - Srinivas Patnaik
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India,Corresponding author. School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
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16
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Lei L, Cheng A, Wang M, Jia R. The Influence of Host miRNA Binding to RNA Within RNA Viruses on Virus Multiplication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:802149. [PMID: 35531344 PMCID: PMC9069554 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.802149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs), non-coding RNAs about 22 nt long, regulate the post-transcription expression of genes to influence many cellular processes. The expression of host miRNAs is affected by virus invasion, which also affects virus replication. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that miRNA influences RNA virus multiplication by binding directly to the RNA virus genome. Here, the knowledge relating to miRNAs’ relationships between host miRNAs and RNA viruses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lei
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Renyong Jia,
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17
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Yin L, Shen X, Yin D, Wang J, Zhao R, Dai Y, Pan X. Characteristics of the MicroRNA Expression Profile of Exosomes Released by Vero Cells Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040806. [PMID: 35458536 PMCID: PMC9025164 DOI: 10.3390/v14040806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles actively secreted by a variety of cells. They contain regulated microRNA (miRNA), allowing them to function in intercellular communication. In the present study, the role of exosomal miRNAs in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection was investigated using exosomes isolated from Vero cells infected with PEDV. The results of transmission electron microscopy observation showed that the exosomes are spherical in shape, uniform in size, and negatively stained in the membrane. Nanoparticle tracking analysis showed that the average exosome particle size is 130.5 nm. The results of miRNA sequencing showed that, compared with the control group, a total of 115 miRNAs are abnormally expressed in the exosomes of infected cells. Of these, 80 miRNAs are significantly upregulated and 35 miRNAs are significantly downregulated. Functional annotation analysis showed that the differentially expressed miRNAs are associated with PEDV infection through interaction with the cAMP, Hippo, TGF-beta, HIF-1, FoxO, MAPK, and Ras signaling pathways. Thus, our findings provide important information about the effects of PEDV infection on exosomal miRNA expression and will aid the search for potential anti-PEDV drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xuehuai Shen
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Dongdong Yin
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jieru Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ruihong Zhao
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaocheng Pan
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Saccon TD, Dhahbi JM, Schneider A, Nunez Lopez YO, Qasem A, Cavalcante MB, Sing LK, Naser SA, Masternak MM. Plasma miRNA Profile of Crohn's Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:508. [PMID: 35453708 PMCID: PMC9033111 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are immune mediated inflammatory diseases. Several studies indicate a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune diseases, including CD and RA. Our study's goal was to investigate circulating miRNAs in CD and RA patients to identify potential new biomarkers for early detection and personalized therapeutic approaches for autoimmune diseases. For this study, subjects with CD (n = 7), RA (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 7) were recruited, and plasma was collected for miRNA sequencing. Comparison of the expression patterns of miRNAs between CD and healthy patients identified 99 differentially expressed miRNAs. Out of these miRNAs, 4 were down regulated, while 95 were up regulated. Comparison of miRNAs between RA and healthy patients identified 57 differentially expressed miRNAs. Out of those, 12 were down regulated, while 45 were up regulated. For all the miRNAs down regulated in CD and RA patients, 420 GO terms for biological processes were similarly regulated between both groups. Therefore, the identification of new plasma miRNAs allows the emergence of new biomarkers that can assist in the diagnosis and treatment of CD and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana D. Saccon
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Brazil;
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (A.Q.); (M.B.C.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Joseph M. Dhahbi
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA 92324, USA; (J.M.D.); (L.K.S.)
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Brazil;
| | | | - Ahmad Qasem
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (A.Q.); (M.B.C.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Marcelo B. Cavalcante
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (A.Q.); (M.B.C.); (S.A.N.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fortaleza University, Fortaleza 60811-905, Brazil
| | - Lauren K. Sing
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA 92324, USA; (J.M.D.); (L.K.S.)
| | - Saleh A. Naser
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (A.Q.); (M.B.C.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Michal M. Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (A.Q.); (M.B.C.); (S.A.N.)
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
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19
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Zhao H, Yang J, Wang Q, Cui Z, Li D, Niu J, Guo Y, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Wang K, Lian W, Hu G. Exosomal miRNA-328-3p targets ZO-3 and inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus proliferation. Arch Virol 2022; 167:901-910. [PMID: 35147806 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
As essential transfer carriers for cell-to-cell communication and genetic material, exosomes carry microRNAs that participate in the regulation of various biological processes. MicroRNAs are a type of single-stranded noncoding RNA that bind to specific target gene mRNAs to degrade or inhibit their translation, thereby regulating target gene expression. Although it is known that a variety of microRNAs are involved in the viral infection process, there are few reports on specific microRNAs involved in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection. In this study, we isolated and identified exosomes in PEDV-infected Vero E6 cells. Using transcriptomics technology, we found that miRNA-328-3p was significantly downregulated in exosomes following PEDV infection. Moreover, exosomal miRNA-328-3p inhibited infection by PEDV by targeting and inhibiting tight junction protein 3 (TJP-3/ZO-3) in recipient cells. Our findings provide evidence that, after infecting cells, PEDV downregulates expression of miRNA-328-3p, and the resulting reduced inhibition of the target protein ZO-3 helps to enhance PEDV infection. These results provide new insight for understanding the regulatory mechanism of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jinxin Yang
- Jilin Provincal Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Zhanding Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dengliang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiangting Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yanbing Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Wei Lian
- Jilin ZhengYe Biological Products Co., Ltd., Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China.
| | - Guixue Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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20
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Wang C, Xue M, Wu P, Wang H, Liu Z, Wu G, Liu P, Wang K, Xu W, Feng L. Coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus antagonizes the antiviral effect of the microRNA miR-27b via the IRE1 pathway. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 65:1413-1429. [PMID: 34826094 PMCID: PMC8617553 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-1967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the functional parameters of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been explored to some extent, the roles of these molecules in coronavirus infection and the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in virus infection are still unclear. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is an enteropathgenic coronavirus and causes high morbidity and mortality in suckling piglets. Here, we demonstrated that microRNA-27b-3p (miR-27b-3p) suppressed TGEV replication by directly targeting porcine suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6), while TGEV infection downregulated miR-27b-3p expression in swine testicular (ST) cells and in piglets. Mechanistically, the decrease of miR-27b-3p expression during TGEV infection was mediated by the activated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Further studies showed that when ER stress was induced by TGEV, IRE1 acted as an RNase activated by autophosphorylation and unconventionally spliced mRNA encoding a potent transcription factor, X-box-binding protein 1 (Xbp1s). Xbp1s inhibited the transcription of miR-27 and ultimately reduced the production of miR-27b-3p. Therefore, our findings indicate that TGEV inhibits the expression of an anti-coronavirus microRNA through the IRE1 pathway and suggest a novel way in which coronavirus regulates the host cell response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Wang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Mei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Honglei Wang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhongqing Liu
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Guangzheng Wu
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Pinghuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Keliang Wang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Wanhai Xu
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Li Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
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21
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Winkle M, El-Daly SM, Fabbri M, Calin GA. Noncoding RNA therapeutics - challenges and potential solutions. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:629-651. [PMID: 34145432 PMCID: PMC8212082 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 812] [Impact Index Per Article: 270.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic targeting of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), represents an attractive approach for the treatment of cancers, as well as many other diseases. Over the past decade, substantial effort has been made towards the clinical application of RNA-based therapeutics, employing mostly antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs, with several gaining FDA approval. However, trial results have so far been ambivalent, with some studies reporting potent effects whereas others demonstrated limited efficacy or toxicity. Alternative entities such as antimiRNAs are undergoing clinical testing, and lncRNA-based therapeutics are gaining interest. In this Perspective, we discuss key challenges facing ncRNA therapeutics - including issues associated with specificity, delivery and tolerability - and focus on promising emerging approaches that aim to boost their success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Winkle
- Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division - Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences - National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, Houston, TX, USA.
- The RNA Interference and Non-codingRNA Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, Houston, TX, USA.
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22
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Qi X, Cao Y, Wu S, Wu Z, Bao W. miR-129a-3p Inhibits PEDV Replication by Targeting the EDA-Mediated NF-κB Pathway in IPEC-J2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158133. [PMID: 34360898 PMCID: PMC8347983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to many viral infections. However, the molecular mechanism of how miRNAs regulate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection remains unclear. In this study, we first constructed a PEDV-infected IPEC-J2 cytopathic model to validate the relationship between miR-129a-3p expression levels and PEDV resistance. Secondly, we explored the effect of miR-129a-3p on PEDV infection by targeting the 3′UTR region of the ligand ectodysplasin (EDA) gene. Finally, transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze the downstream regulatory mechanism of EDA. The results showed that after 48 h of PEDV infection, IPEC-J2 cells showed obvious pathological changes, and miR-129a-3p expression was significantly downregulated (p < 0.01). Overexpression of miR-129a-3p mimics inhibited PEDV replication in IPEC-J2 cells; silencing endogenous miR-129a-3p can promote viral replication. A dual luciferase assay showed that miR-129a-3p could bind to the 3′UTR region of the EDA gene, which significantly reduced the expression level of EDA (p < 0.01). Functional verification showed that upregulation of EDA gene expression significantly promoted PEDV replication in IPEC-J2 cells. Overexpression of miR-129a-3p can activate the caspase activation and recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) mediated NF-κB pathway, thus inhibiting PEDV replication. The above results suggest that miR-129a-3p inhibits PEDV replication in IPEC-J2 cells by activating the NF-κB pathway by binding to the EDA 3′UTR region. Our results have laid the foundation for in-depth study of the mechanism of miR-129a-3p resistance and its application in porcine epidemic diarrhea disease-resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (X.Q.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yue Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (X.Q.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Shenglong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (X.Q.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (Z.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (X.Q.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Wenbin Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (X.Q.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (Z.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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Guo J, Zhao X, Liu Z, Liu D, Tang X, Wang K, Wang M, Huang Y, Tong D. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus ORF3b up-regulates miR-885-3p to counteract TNF-α production via inhibiting NF-κB pathway. Vet Microbiol 2021; 261:109189. [PMID: 34375914 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is an acute viral disease and characterized as severe acute inflammation response that leads to diarrhea, vomiting, and high lethality of piglets. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a member of coronavirus, is the pathogen of TGE. We previously found NF-κB pathway was activated and 65 miRNAs were changed in response to inflammation caused by TGEV in cell line porcine intestinal epithelial cells-jejunum 2 (IPEC-J2). Bioinformatics results showed that these altered miRNAs were relevant to inflammation. In this study, the candidate targets of differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were predicted and analyzed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Based on the results of KEGG analysis, miR-885-3p might participate in regulating activation of NF-κB pathway and TNF pathway. To study the function of miR-885-3p, miR-885-3p mimics and inhibitors were artificially synthesized and respectively used for overexpression and silence of miR-885-3p in cells. Our results showed that miR-885-3p inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production. B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10 (Bcl-10) was identified as the target of miR-885-3p, and promoted NF-κB pathway activation and TNF-α production. It was found that TGEV open reading frame 3b (TGEV-ORF3b) suppressed Bcl-10 expression, activation of NF-κB pathway, and TNF-α production by uniquely up-regulated miR-885-3p expression. Overall, the results indicated that TGEV-ORF3b counteracted NF-κB pathway and TNF-α via regulating miR-885-3p and Bcl-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Kaili Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Mengli Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Dewen Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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24
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Diallo I, Ho J, Laffont B, Laugier J, Benmoussa A, Lambert M, Husseini Z, Soule G, Kozak R, Kobinger GP, Provost P. Altered microRNA Transcriptome in Cultured Human Liver Cells upon Infection with Ebola Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073792. [PMID: 33917562 PMCID: PMC8038836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is a virulent pathogen, notorious for inducing life-threatening hemorrhagic fever, that has been responsible for several outbreaks in Africa and remains a public health threat. Yet, its pathogenesis is still not completely understood. Although there have been numerous studies on host transcriptional response to EBOV, with an emphasis on the clinical features, the impact of EBOV infection on post-transcriptional regulatory elements, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), remains largely unexplored. MiRNAs are involved in inflammation and immunity and are believed to be important modulators of the host response to viral infection. Here, we have used small RNA sequencing (sRNA-Seq), qPCR and functional analyses to obtain the first comparative miRNA transcriptome (miRNome) of a human liver cell line (Huh7) infected with one of the following three EBOV strains: Mayinga (responsible for the first Zaire outbreak in 1976), Makona (responsible for the West Africa outbreak in 2013–2016) and the epizootic Reston (presumably innocuous to humans). Our results highlight specific miRNA-based immunity pathways and substantial differences between the strains beyond their clinical manifestation and pathogenicity. These analyses shed new light into the molecular signature of liver cells upon EBOV infection and reveal new insights into miRNA-based virus attack and host defense strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrissa Diallo
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Jeffrey Ho
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Benoit Laffont
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Jonathan Laugier
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Abderrahim Benmoussa
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Marine Lambert
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Zeinab Husseini
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Geoff Soule
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3B 3M9, Canada; (G.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Robert Kozak
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3B 3M9, Canada; (G.S.); (R.K.)
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Gary P. Kobinger
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3B 3M9, Canada; (G.S.); (R.K.)
- Département de Microbiologie Médicale, Université du Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Patrick Provost
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
- CHUQ Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, 2705 Blvd Laurier, Room T1-65, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 48842)
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25
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Su A, Guo Y, Tian H, Zhou Y, Li W, Tian Y, Li K, Sun G, Jiang R, Yan F, Kang X. Analysis of miRNA and mRNA reveals core interaction networks and pathways of dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression in chicken bursa of Fabricius. Mol Immunol 2021; 134:34-47. [PMID: 33711668 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stress-induced immunosuppression is a serious problem affecting the production value of poultry, but its specific molecular mechanism has not yet been elucidated. We selected 7-day-old Gushi cocks as test animals and successfully established a stress-induced immunosuppression model by injecting 2.0 mg/kg (body weight) dexamethasone (Dex). We then constructed six cDNA libraries and two small RNA libraries of Bursa of Fabricius from the control group and the Dex group. RNA-seq results revealed 21,028 transcripts including 3920 novel transcripts; 500 miRNAs including 68 novel miRNAs were identified. Correlation analysis of miRNA, target genes and mRNA results indicated that the gga-miR-15 family, gga-miR-103-3p, gga-miR-456-3p, and gga-miR-27b-3p, as core differentially expressed miRNAs, may potentially regulate multiple genes which are involved in immune-related pathways; and that the core genes Suppressor of IKBKE 1 (SIKE1) and high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) are associated with the miR-17 family (gga-miR-20a-5p, gga-miR-20b-5p, gga-miR-106-5p, and gga-miR-17-5p) and gga-let -7 family (gga-let-7b, gga-let-7i, gga-let-7c-5p, and gga-let-7f-5p). The interaction networks of mRNAs of significantly enrichment pathways and PPI (protein-protein interaction) networks showed that IL6, IL1B, IL8L1, CCL5, SOCS3, SOCS1, ITGB5, GSTA3, SQLE, FDFT1, FN1, IL18, IL10, MAPK11 and MAPK12 are network core nodes and that most of them are strongly associated with immune response. One of the candidate miRNAs, gga-miR-20b-5p, may play an important role in stress-induced immunosuppression. Luciferase assay and over-expression experiments suggested that gga-miR-20b-5p negatively regulated the expression of target gene SIKE1. These results provide better understanding of the mechanism of stress-induced immunosuppression in Gushi chicken bursa, and provide novel targets for subsequent research to improve poultry anti-stress capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aru Su
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Yujie Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Huihui Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Yanting Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Wenting Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Kui Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Fengbin Yan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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26
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Iessi E, Cittadini C, Anticoli S, Fecchi K, Matarrese P, Ruggieri A. Sex differences in antiviral immunity in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Mitochondria and mitomiR come into view. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13571. [PMID: 33090696 PMCID: PMC7645884 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Iessi
- Center for Gender‐Specific Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Camilla Cittadini
- Center for Gender‐Specific Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Simona Anticoli
- Center for Gender‐Specific Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Katia Fecchi
- Center for Gender‐Specific Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Center for Gender‐Specific Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Anna Ruggieri
- Center for Gender‐Specific Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
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27
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Zhong Z, Zhu X, Tang Q, Hong L, Gu Y, He Z, Tao X, Yang X, Liang Y, Shen L, Tan Y, Zeng K, Ying S, Yang Y, Lei Y, Wang Y, Gong J, Chen X, Zhou R, Zhu L, Lv X. Temporal microRNA expression profile of pig peripheral blood during postnatal development. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 33:680-689. [PMID: 33455520 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1824920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression profiles of blood can reflect the physiopathologic status of the immune system. The dynamic microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of peripheral blood from pigs at different developmental stages, and how differential expression of miRNAs might relate to immune system development, are unknown. In this study, peripheral blood samples taken at five developmental stages were used to construct 15 miRNA libraries (three biological replicates/stage): 0 days (newborn), 30 days (weaning), 60 days (weaned), and 180 and 360 days (puberty). We identified 295 known mature miRNAs. Hierarchical clustering of the miRNA expression profile showed significant differences between individuals at the neonatal and postnatal stages. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that miRNAs differentially expressed between pairwise comparisons of the developmental stages were over-represented in immune-related pathways such as toll-like receptor signaling. The time-course of expression of the over-representated miRNAs exhibited a pattern of steady decline over time, for both the complete miRNA compendium and immune-related miRNAs. We identified six marker miRNAs that were highly negatively correlated with chronologic age and enriched for genes involved in immune-related pathways. This study of a peripheral blood miRNA transcriptome offers insight into immune system development in swine and provides a resource for pig genome annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhong
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Sichuan Animtech Feed Corporation Limited, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiren Gu
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiping He
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Tao
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Tan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Zeng
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Sancheng Ying
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuekui Yang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfeng Lei
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianjun Gong
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuebin Lv
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
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28
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Miretti S, Lecchi C, Ceciliani F, Baratta M. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Animal Health and Welfare in Livestock. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:578193. [PMID: 33392281 PMCID: PMC7775535 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.578193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules that orchestrate a wide range of biological processes through the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. An intriguing aspect in identifying these molecules as biomarkers is derived from their role in cell-to-cell communication, their active secretion from cells into the extracellular environment, their high stability in body fluids, and their ease of collection. All these features confer on miRNAs the potential to become a non-invasive tool to score animal welfare. There is growing interest in the importance of miRNAs as biomarkers for assessing the welfare of livestock during metabolic, environmental, and management stress, particularly in ruminants, pigs, and poultry. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding the potential use of tissue and/or circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for the assessment of the health and welfare status in these livestock species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Miretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Cristina Lecchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ceciliani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Baratta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
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29
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Upregulation of miRNA-23a-3p rescues high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and proliferation inhibition in cardiomyocytes. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:866-877. [PMID: 33197036 PMCID: PMC7723946 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maternal hyperglycemia potentially inhibits the development of the fetal heart by suppressing cardiomyocyte proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Different studies have indicated that miRNAs are key regulators of cardiomyocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and play a protective role in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, the biological function of miRNA-23a in hyperglycemia-related cardiomyocyte injury is not fully understood. The present study investigated the effect of miRNA-23a-3p on cell proliferation and apoptosis in a myocardial injury model induced by high glucose. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to high glucose to establish an in vitro myocardial injury model and then transfected with miRNA-23a-3p mimics. After miRNA-23a-3p transfection, lens-free microscopy was used to dynamically monitor cell numbers and confluence and calculate the cell cycle duration. CCK-8 and EdU incorporation assays were performed to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to measured cell apoptosis. Upregulation of miRNA-23a-3p significantly alleviated high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition (p < 0.01 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The cell cycle of the miRNA-23a-3p mimics group was significantly shorter than that of the negative control group (p < 0.01). The expression of cell cycle–activating and apoptosis inhibition-associated factors Ccna2, Ccne1, and Bcl-2 was downregulated by high glucose and upregulated by miRNA-23a-3p overexpression in high glucose-injured H9c2 cells. miRNA-23a-3p mimics transfection before high glucose treatment had a significantly greater benefit than transfection after high glucose treatment (p < 0.0001), and the rescue effect of miRNA-23a-3p increased as the concentration increased. This study suggests that miRNA-23a-3p exerted a dose- and time-dependent protective effect on high glucose-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury.
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30
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Bhattacharyya P, Biswas SC. Small Non-coding RNAs: Do They Encode Answers for Controlling SARS-CoV-2 in the Future? Front Microbiol 2020; 11:571553. [PMID: 33072032 PMCID: PMC7530945 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.571553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is a novel coronavirus responsible for the current COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, which has hit the world since December 2019. It has spread to about 216 countries worldwide, affecting more than 21.7 million people so far. Although clinical trials of a number of promising antiviral drugs and vaccines against COVID-19 are underway, it is hard to predict how successful these drug- or vaccine-based therapeutics are eventually going to be in combating COVID-19 because most of such therapeutic strategies have failed against human coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) responsible for similar pandemics in the past. In that context, we would like to bring to scientific attention another group of endogenous regulatory molecules, the small non-coding RNAs, especially the microRNAs, which are found to regulate critical cellular pathways in a number of disease conditions, including RNA viral infections. This review will focus on understanding the effect of altered microRNA expression during coronavirus-mediated infections and how it may provide clues for further exploring the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, with a view of developing RNAi-based therapeutics and biomarkers against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallabi Bhattacharyya
- Cell Biology & Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhas C Biswas
- Cell Biology & Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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31
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Maranon DG, Anderson JR, Maranon AG, Wilusz J. The interface between coronaviruses and host cell RNA biology: Novel potential insights for future therapeutic intervention. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2020; 11:e1614. [PMID: 32638509 PMCID: PMC7361139 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronaviruses, including SARS-Cov-2, are RNA-based pathogens that interface with a large variety of RNA-related cellular processes during infection. These processes include capping, polyadenylation, localization, RNA stability, translation, and regulation by RNA binding proteins or noncoding RNA effectors. The goal of this article is to provide an in-depth perspective on the current state of knowledge of how various coronaviruses interact with, usurp, and/or avoid aspects of these cellular RNA biology machineries. A thorough understanding of how coronaviruses interact with RNA-related posttranscriptional processes in the cell should allow for new insights into aspects of viral pathogenesis as well as identify new potential avenues for the development of anti-coronaviral therapeutics. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Maranon
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - John R. Anderson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Abril G. Maranon
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Jeffrey Wilusz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
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Chang X, Shi X, Zhang X, Chen J, Fan X, Yang Y, Wang L, Wang A, Deng R, Zhou E, Zhang G. miR-382-5p promotes porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) replication by negatively regulating the induction of type I interferon. FASEB J 2020; 34:4497-4511. [PMID: 32037657 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902031rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that inhibition of type I interferon production may be an important reason for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to achieve immune escape, revealing the mechanism of inhibiting the production of type I interferon will help design novel strategies for controlling PRRS. Here, we found that PRRSV infection upregulated the expression of miR-382-5p, which in turn inhibited polyI:C-induced the production of type I interferon by targeting heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), thus facilitating PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells. Furthermore, we found that HSP60 could interact with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), an important signal transduction protein for inducing production of type I interferon, and promote polyI:C-mediated the production of type I interferon in a MAVS-dependent manner. Finally, we also found that HSP60 could inhibit PRRSV replication in a MAVS-dependent manner, which indicated that HSP60 was a novel antiviral protein against PRRSV replication. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that miR-382-5p was upregulated during PRRSV infection and may promote PRRSV replication by negatively regulating the production of type I interferon, which also indicated that miR-382-5p and HSP60 might be the potential therapeutic targets for anti-PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Chang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xibao Shi
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaozhuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuanhao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Li Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruiguang Deng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Enmin Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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33
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Du J, Luo J, Yu J, Mao X, Luo Y, Zheng P, He J, Yu B, Chen D. Manipulation of Intestinal Antiviral Innate Immunity and Immune Evasion Strategies of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1862531. [PMID: 31781594 PMCID: PMC6874955 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1862531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection causes watery diarrhea, dehydration, and high mortality in neonatal pigs, due to its clinical pathogenesis of the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. The host's innate immune system is the first line of defence upon virus invasion of the small intestinal epithelial cells. In turn, the virus has evolved to modulate the host's innate immunity during infection, resulting in pathogen virulence, survival, and the establishment of successful infection. In this review, we gather current knowledge concerning the interplay between PEDV and components of host innate immunity, focusing on the role of cytokines and interferons in intestinal antiviral innate immunity, and the mechanisms underlying the immune evasion strategies of PEDV invasion. Finally, we provide some perspectives on the potential prevention and treatment for PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
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34
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Transcriptome analysis of PK-15 cells in innate immune response to porcine deltacoronavirus infection. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223177. [PMID: 31574122 PMCID: PMC6773216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly emerged swine enteropathogenic coronavirus affecting pigs of all ages and causing diarrhea problems. Research findings indicate that PDCoV has evolved strategies to escape innate immune response in host cells, but mechanism of PDCoV in innate immune modulation is not well understood. In this study, we report our findings on identifying the alterations of host cell innate immune response affected by PDCoV infection and exploring the gene expression profiles of PK-15 cells at 0, 24, and 36 h PDCoV post infection by RNA sequencing. A total of 3,762 and 560 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by comparison of uninfected PK-15 cells and infected PK-15 cells at 24 h post infection (hpi) (INF_24h versus NC), and also comparison of infected PK-15 cells between 24 and 36 hpi (INF_36h versus INF_24h), which included 156 and 23 porcine innate immune-related genes in the DEGs of INF_24h versus NC and INF_36h versus INF_24h, respectively. Gene Ontology function classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed based on the DEGs that exhibited the same expression tendencies with most of the innate immune-associated genes among these PK-15 cell samples described above. The enrichment results indicated that extensive gene functions and signaling pathways including innate immune-associated functions and pathways were affected by PDCoV infection. Particularly, 4 of 5 innate immune signaling pathways, which were primarily affected by PDCoV, played important roles in I-IFN’s antiviral function in innate immune response. Additionally, 16 of the host cell endogenous miRNAs were predicted as potential contributors to the modulation of innate immune response affected by PDCoV. Our research findings indicated that the innate immune-associated genes and signaling pathways in PK-15 cells could be modified by the infection of PDCoV, which provides a fundamental foundation for further studies to better understand the mechanism of PDCoV infections, so as to effectively control and prevent PDCoV-induced swine diarrheal disease outbreaks.
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35
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Ye J, Wu Y, Guo R, Zeng W, Duan Y, Yang Z, Yang L. miR-221 Alleviates the Ox-LDL-Induced Macrophage Inflammatory Response via the Inhibition of DNMT3b-Mediated NCoR Promoter Methylation. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:4530534. [PMID: 31565033 PMCID: PMC6745124 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4530534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, and macrophages play a key role in all phases of AS. Recent studies have shown that miR-221 is a biomarker for AS and stroke; however, the role and mechanism of miR-221 in AS are unclear. Herein, we found that miR-221 and NCoR levels were decreased in ox-LDL-treated THP-1-derived macrophages. In contrast, DNMT3b, IL-6, and TNF-α expression levels were increased under these conditions. Upregulation of miR-221 or NCoR could partially inhibit ox-LDL-induced IL-6 and TNF-α expression. Further studies showed that DNMT3b was a target of miR-221. DNMT3b inhibition also suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α expression and increased NCoR expression in the presence of ox-LDL. Moreover, DNMT3b was involved in ox-LDL-induced DNA methylation in the promoter region of NCoR. These findings suggest that miR-221 suppresses ox-LDL-induced inflammatory responses via suppressing DNMT3b-mediated DNA methylation in the promoter region of NCoR. These results provide a rationale for using intracellular miR-211 as a possible antiatherosclerotic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Ye
- Department of Cardiology, 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Yunnan 650032, China
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yaxi Wu
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Wenjun Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yanan Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Yunnan 650032, China
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36
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Chen Y, Liu W, Xu H, Liu J, Deng Y, Cheng H, Zhan T, Lu X, Liao T, Guo L, Zhu S, Pei Y, Hu J, Hu Z, Liu X, Wang X, Gu M, Hu S, Liu X. Gga-miR-19b-3p Inhibits Newcastle Disease Virus Replication by Suppressing Inflammatory Response via Targeting RNF11 and ZMYND11. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2006. [PMID: 31507581 PMCID: PMC6718473 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), an acute and highly contagious avian disease caused by virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV), often results in severe economic losses worldwide every year. Although it is clear that microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in modulating innate immune response to invading microbial pathogens, their role in host defense against NDV infection remains largely unknown. Our prior study indicates that gga-miR-19b-3p is up-regulated in NDV-infected DF-1 cells (a chicken embryo fibroblast cell line) and functions to suppress NDV replication. Here we report that overexpression of gga-miR-19b-3p promoted the production of NDV-induced inflammatory cytokines and suppressed NDV replication, whereas inhibition of endogenous gga-miR-19b-3p expression had an opposite effect. Dual-luciferase and gene expression array analyses revealed that gga-miR-19b-3p directly targets the mRNAs of ring finger protein 11 (RNF11) and zinc-finger protein, MYND-type containing 11 (ZMYND11), two negative regulators of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, in DF-1 cells. RNF11 and ZMYND11 silencing by small interfering RNA (siRNA) induced NF-κB activity and inflammatory cytokine production, and suppressed NDV replication; whereas ectopic expression of these two proteins exhibited an opposite effect. Our study provides evidence that gga-miR-19b-3p activates NF-κB signaling by targeting RNF11 and ZMYND11, and that enhanced inflammatory cytokine production is likely responsible for the suppression of NDV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haixu Xu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yonghuan Deng
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Liao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuru Pei
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infections Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infections Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infections Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Xu X, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Yang F, Yin Z, Wang L, Li Q. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infections induce apoptosis in Vero cells via a reactive oxygen species (ROS)/p53, but not p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK signalling pathways. Vet Microbiol 2019; 232:1-12. [PMID: 31030832 PMCID: PMC7117205 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
p53 is activated, translocated to nucleus and involved in PEDV-induced apoptosis. ROS are accumulated during PEDV infection and involved in PEDV-induced apoptosis. ROS are the upper stream of p53 in PEDV infection. This is the first report that PEDV induce Vero cells apoptosis via ROS/p53 signal pathway.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of Coronavirus, which causes severe watery diarrhea in piglets with high morbidity and mortality. ROS and p53 play key roles in regulating many kinds of cell process during viral infection, however, the exact function in PEDV-induced apoptosis remains unclear. In this study, the pro-apoptotic effect of PEDV was examined in Vero cells and we observed that PEDV infection increased MDM2 and CBP, promoted p53 phosphorylation at serine 20 and, promoted p53 nuclear translocation, leading to p53 activation in Vero cells. Treatment with the p53 inhibitor PFT-α could significantly inhibit PEDV-induced apoptosis. We also observed PEDV infection induced time-dependent ROS accumulation. Treatment with antioxidants, such as pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC), significantly inhibited PEDV-induced apoptosis. Moreover, further inhibition tests were established to prove that p53 was regulated by ROS in PEDV-induced apoptosis. In addition, we also found that p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK were activated in PEDV-infected Vero cells. However, treatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, and the SAPK/JNK inhibitor SP600125 reversed PEDV-induced apoptosis. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that activated p53 and accumulated ROS participated in PEDV-induced apoptosis and p53 could be regulated by ROS during PEDV infection. Activated p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK exerted no influence on PEDV-induced apoptosis. These findings provide new insights into the function of p53 and ROS in the interaction of PEDV with Vero cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zheng Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qinfan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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38
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Tan L, Yuan X, Liu Y, Cai X, Guo S, Wang A. Non-muscle Myosin II: Role in Microbial Infection and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:401. [PMID: 30886609 PMCID: PMC6409350 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the major measures of preventing and controlling microbial infection are vaccinations and drugs. However, the appearance of drug resistance microbial mounts is main obstacle in current anti-microbial therapy. One of the most ubiquitous actin-binding proteins, non-muscle myosin II (NM II) plays a crucial role in a wide range of cellular physiological activities in mammals, including cell adhesion, migration, and division. Nowadays, growing evidence indicates that aberrant expression or activity of NM II can be detected in many diseases caused by microbes, including viruses and bacteria. Furthermore, an important role for NM II in the infection of some microbes is verified. Importantly, modulating the expression of NM II with small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or the activity of it by inhibitors can affect microbial-triggered phenotypes. Therefore, NM II holds the promise to be a potential target for inhibiting the infection of microbes and even treating microbial-triggered discords. In spite of these, a comprehensive view on the functions of NM II in microbial infection and the regulators which have an impact on the roles of NM II in this context, is still lacking. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on the roles of NM II in microbial-triggered discords and provide broad insights into its regulators. In addition, the existing challenge of investigating the multiple roles of NM II in microbial infection and developing NM II inhibitors for treating these microbial-triggered discords, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, Research and Development Center for Animal Reverse Vaccinology of Hunan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaomin Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, Research and Development Center for Animal Reverse Vaccinology of Hunan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yisong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, Research and Development Center for Animal Reverse Vaccinology of Hunan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiong Cai
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shiyin Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Aibing Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, Research and Development Center for Animal Reverse Vaccinology of Hunan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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