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Dunlop E, Cunningham J, Adorno P, Dabos G, Johnson SK, Black LJ. Vitamin K content of Australian-grown horticultural commodities. Food Chem 2024; 452:139382. [PMID: 38705117 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin K is a multi-function vitamin that has emerging roles in bone, brain and vascular health. Vitamin K composition data remain limited globally and Australia has lacked nationally representative data for vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) in horticultural commodities. Primary samples (n = 927) of 90 Australian-grown fruit, vegetable and nut commodities were purchased in three Australian cities. We measured vitamin K1/phylloquinone in duplicate in 95 composite samples using liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry. The greatest mean concentrations of vitamin K1/phylloquinone were found in kale (565 μg/100 g), baby spinach (255 μg/100 g) and Brussels sprouts (195 μg/100 g). The data contribute to the global collection of vitamin K food composition data. They add to the evidence that vitamin K1/phylloquinone concentrations vary markedly between geographic regions, supporting development of region-specific datasets for national food composition databases that do not yet contain data for vitamin K. Such data are needed globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Dunlop
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia..
| | - Judy Cunningham
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Paul Adorno
- National Measurement Institute, 1/153 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia..
| | - Georgios Dabos
- National Measurement Institute, 1/153 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia..
| | | | - Lucinda J Black
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia..
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2
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Bladbjerg EM, Levy-Schousboe K, Frimodt-Møller M, Kjærgaard KD, Strandhave C, Brasen CL, Frandsen NE, Hansen D, Marckmann P. No Detectable Coagulation Activation After Vitamin K (MK-7) Supplementation in Patients on Dialysis With Functional Vitamin K Deficiency: A One-Year Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. J Ren Nutr 2024; 34:337-342. [PMID: 38128853 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients on dialysis treatment have poor functional vitamin K status, and this may increase the risk of vascular calcification. Vitamin K supplementation may therefore be relevant in patients on dialysis, but the procoagulant effects have not been studied. We evaluated effects of menaquinone-7 (MK-7) supplementation on biomarkers of coagulation in patients on dialysis. METHODS Double-blinded, placebo-controlled study in 123 patients on dialysis randomized to 52 weeks of vitamin K (MK-7, 360 μg/daily, n = 61) or placebo (n = 62). Measurements at baseline and after 52 weeks of intervention included thrombin generation (endogenous thrombin potential, peak thrombin concentration, time to peak, and lag time); clot activities of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (F) II, VII, IX, and X; prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1+2); and proteins induced by vitamin K absence II (PIVKA-II). Between-group differences (vitamin K vs. placebo) at 52 weeks were determined with an analysis of covariance. Within-group changes in vitamin K and placebo groups were analyzed with a paired t-test. Vascular adverse events and serious adverse events were registered based on hospital records, laboratory data, and participant interviews and compared between groups using Fisher's exact test or Pearson's Chi-Squared test. RESULTS A between-group difference at 52 weeks was observed for PIVKA-II (P < .001). PIVKA-II decreased significantly from baseline to 52 weeks in the vitamin K group, but not in the placebo group. We observed no between-group differences or within-group changes for biomarkers of coagulation, except for FVII clot activity which was reduced in the placebo group (P = .04), and no between-group differences in adverse events and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION One year of vitamin K supplementation in patients on dialysis has no detectable effects on biomarkers of coagulation activation, clot activities of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, and vascular events or death, indicating no procoagulant effects of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Else-Marie Bladbjerg
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Unit for Thrombosis Research, Esbjerg Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | | | - Marie Frimodt-Møller
- Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Nephrology, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Krista D Kjærgaard
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Claus L Brasen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebælt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | | | - Ditte Hansen
- Department of Nephrology, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Marckmann
- Department of Medicine Sønderborg-Tønder, Hospital Sønderjylland, Sønderborg, Denmark
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Feng X, Zheng Y, Mao N, Shen M, Chu L, Fang Y, Pang M, Wang Z, Lin Z. Menaquinone-4 alleviates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction via Sirt1-PGC-1α-TFAM signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112257. [PMID: 38759366 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major contributor to neonatal mortality and neurodevelopmental disorders, but currently there is no effective therapy drug for HIE. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD). Menaquinone-4 (MK-4), a subtype of vitamin K2 prevalent in the brain, has been shown to enhance mitochondrial function and exhibit protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the impact and underlying molecular mechanism of MK-4 in HIE have not been fully elucidated. METHODS In this study, we established the neonatal rats HIBD model in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) of primary neurons in vitro to explore the neuroprotective effects of MK-4 on HI damage, and illuminate the potential mechanism. RESULTS Our findings revealed that MK-4 ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced oxidative stress, and prevented HI-induced neuronal apoptosis by activating the Sirt1-PGC-1α-TFAM signaling pathway through Sirt1 mediation. Importantly, these protective effects were partially reversed by EX-527, a Sirt1 inhibitor. CONCLUSION Our study elucidated the potential therapeutic mechanism of MK-4 in neonatal HIE, suggesting its viability as an agent for enhancing recovery from HI-induced cerebral damage in newborns. Further exploration into MK-4 could lead to novel interventions for HIE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yihui Zheng
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Niping Mao
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Liuxi Chu
- National Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drug Development and Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315300, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Mengdan Pang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhouguang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drug Development and Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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4
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Akyazı O, Korkmaz D, Cevher SC. Experimental Parkinson models and green chemistry approach. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115092. [PMID: 38844056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's is the most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's. Motor findings in Parkinson's occur as a result of the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ending in the putamen and caudate nucleus. Loss of neurons and the formation of inclusions called Lewy bodies in existing neurons are characteristic histopathological findings of Parkinson's. The disease primarily impairs the functional capacity of the person with cardinal findings such as tremor, bradykinesia, etc., as a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Experimental animal models of Parkinson's have been used extensively in recent years to investigate the pathology of this disease. These models are generally based on systemic or local(intracerebral) administration of neurotoxins, which can replicate many features of Parkinson's mammals. The development of transgenic models in recent years has allowed us to learn more about the modeling of Parkinson's. Applying animal modeling, which shows the most human-like effects in studies, is extremely important. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress increases in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and various age-related degenerative diseases in humans and that neurons are sensitive to it. In cases where oxidative stress increases and antioxidant systems are inadequate, natural molecules such as flavonoids and polyphenols can be used as a new antioxidant treatment to reduce neuronal reactive oxygen species and improve the neurodegenerative process. Therefore, in this article, we examined experimental animal modeling in Parkinson's disease and the effect of green chemistry approaches on Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Akyazı
- Gazi University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey.
| | - Dılara Korkmaz
- Gazi University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Sule Coskun Cevher
- Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey
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5
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Bhabani MG, Shams R, Dash KK. Microgreens and novel non-thermal seed germination techniques for sustainable food systems: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1541-1557. [PMID: 38623424 PMCID: PMC11016050 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-024-01529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
There are a number of cutting-edge techniques implemented in the germination process, including high pressure processing, ultrasonic, ultraviolet, light, non-thermal plasma, magnetic field, microwave radiation, electrolyzed oxidizing water, and plasma activated water. The influence of these technological advances on seed germination procedure is addressed in this review. The use of these technologies has several benefits, including the enhancement of plant growth rate and the modulation of bioactive chemicals like ABA, protein, and peroxidase concentrations, as well as the suppression of microbial development. Microgreens' positive health effects, such as their antioxidant, anticancer, antiproliferative/pro-oxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory properties are extensively reviewed. The phytochemical and bioactive components of microgreens were investigated, including the concentrations of vitamin K, vitamin C, vitamin E, micro and macro nutrients, pro-vitamin A, polyphenols, and glucosinolates. Furthermore, the potential commercial uses of microgreens, as well as the current market transformation and prospects for the future are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulakala Geeta Bhabani
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab India
| | - Rafeeya Shams
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal India
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6
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Gheorghe SR, Ilyés T, Filip GA, Dănescu AS, Timiș TL, Orăsan M, Stamate I, Crăciun AM, Silaghi CN. Low Vitamin K Status in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris: A Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1180. [PMID: 38927387 PMCID: PMC11200760 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is a disease characterized by skin manifestations and systemic inflammation. There are no published studies to date on vitamin K status assessed by extrahepatic vitamin K-dependent proteins [e.g., osteocalcin (OC) and matrix Gla protein (MGP)] in patients with PV, even if vitamin K was found to promote wound contraction and decrease the healing time of the skin. Metabolic syndrome (MS), a comorbidity of PV, was found to influence vitamin K status, and vitamin D was found to be involved in the pathogenesis of PV. Therefore, our aim was to assess the status of vitamins K and D in subjects with PV. We enrolled 44 patients with PV and 44 age- and sex-matched subjects as a control group (CG), of which individuals with MS were designated the CG with MS subgroup. Furthermore, the PV patients were stratified into two subgroups: those with MS (n = 20) and those without MS (n = 24). In addition to the quantification of vitamin D and MGP in all subjects, the uncarboxylated OC/carboxylated OC (ucOC/cOC) ratio was also assessed as an inversely proportional marker of vitamin K status. We found an increased ucOC/cOC ratio in the PV group compared to CG but also a greater ucOC/cOC ratio in the PV with MS subgroup than in the CG with MS subgroup. MGP was decreased in the PV with MS subgroup compared to CG with MS subgroup. There was no difference in the vitamin D concentration between the groups. This is the first study to report decreased vitamin K status in patients with PV, independent of the presence of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona R. Gheorghe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.R.G.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Tamás Ilyés
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.R.G.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Gabriela A. Filip
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.A.F.); (T.L.T.)
| | - Ana S. Dănescu
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Teodora L. Timiș
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.A.F.); (T.L.T.)
| | - Meda Orăsan
- Department of Physiopathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Irina Stamate
- Centre Neuchatelois de Psychiatrie, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland;
| | - Alexandra M. Crăciun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.R.G.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Ciprian N. Silaghi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.R.G.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
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7
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Zhang T, O’Connor C, Sheridan H, Barlow JW. Vitamin K2 in Health and Disease: A Clinical Perspective. Foods 2024; 13:1646. [PMID: 38890875 PMCID: PMC11172246 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamins are essential organic compounds that vary widely in chemical structure and are vital in small quantities for numerous biochemical and biological functions. They are critical for metabolism, growth, development and maintaining overall health. Vitamins are categorised into two groups: hydrophilic and lipophilic. Vitamin K (VK), a lipophilic vitamin, occurs naturally in two primary forms: phylloquinone (VK1), found in green leafy vegetables and algae, and Menaquinones (VK2), present in certain fermented and animal foods and widely formulated in VK supplements. This review explores the possible factors contributing to VK deficiency, including dietary influences, and discusses the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of supplementary VK2, examining recent global clinical studies on its role in treating diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. The analysis includes a review of published articles from multiple databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science and CNKI, focusing on human studies. The findings indicate that VK2 is a versatile vitamin essential for human health and that a broadly positive correlation exists between VK2 supplementation and improved health outcomes. However, clinical data are somewhat inconsistent, highlighting the need for further detailed research into VK2's metabolic processes, biomarker validation, dose-response relationships, bioavailability and safety. Establishing a Recommended Daily Intake for VK2 could significantly enhance global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, 7, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland;
- The Trinity Centre for Natural Products Research (NatPro), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, 2, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Christine O’Connor
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, 7, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Helen Sheridan
- The Trinity Centre for Natural Products Research (NatPro), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, 2, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland;
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, 2, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - James W. Barlow
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
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8
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Lešić S, Ivanišević Z, Špiljak B, Tomas M, Šoštarić M, Včev A. The Impact of Vitamin Deficiencies on Oral Manifestations in Children. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:109. [PMID: 38668021 PMCID: PMC11049216 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamins play a vital role in human health, particularly in the development and maintenance of oral health in children. These nutrients are broadly categorized into fat-soluble and water-soluble types, crucial for children's well-being. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of vitamin deficiencies on the oral health of children, focusing on how these deficiencies contribute to various oral health issues and determining the relationship between specific vitamin shortages and oral diseases. Findings indicate that shortages in vitamins A and D lead to enamel issues and a higher susceptibility to dental diseases, vitamin E assists in treating oral mucositis, and vitamin K is essential for blood clotting in dental surgeries. Deficits in B-complex and vitamin C result in enamel hypomineralization and soft tissue ailments, including aphthous stomatitis and gingival petechiae. Additionally, a lack of vitamin B7 compromises the immune response, increasing oral candidiasis risk. Therefore, vitamin deficiencies markedly affect children's oral health, highlighting the need for joint efforts between dental professionals and caregivers for effective pediatric care. Addressing vitamin deficiencies through supplementation and tailored dental care emphasizes the significance of nutritional health in children's overall and dental well-being, advocating for a collaborative approach to achieve optimal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stjepanka Lešić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (S.L.); (Z.I.)
| | - Zrinka Ivanišević
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (S.L.); (Z.I.)
| | - Bruno Špiljak
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matej Tomas
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (S.L.); (Z.I.)
| | - Magdalena Šoštarić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Aleksandar Včev
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
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9
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Hwang SB, Choi MJ, Lee HJ, Han JJ. Safety evaluation of vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7) via toxicological tests. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5440. [PMID: 38443482 PMCID: PMC10914784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the safety of MK-7 produced by fermentation process using a Bacillus subtilis var. natto strain for human ingestion via acute oral toxicity, repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity, 28-day recovery test, and genotoxicity tests. The acute oral toxicity test results indicated that all subjects survived at the dose of 5000 mg/kg with no toxic effects. For the repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity test, MK-7 was administered to rats at 500, 1500, and 4500 mg/kg for 90 d. No abnormal findings were detected in clinical observations or in clinical pathological and histopathological examinations. The no-observed-adverse-effect level(NOAEL) was determined to be 4500 mg/kg/d, the maximum dose tested. For the evaluation of genotoxicity, reverse mutation, chromosomal aberration, and micronucleus tests were performed. In the reversion mutation test, vitamin K2 did not induce reversion in bacterial strains, and no chromosomal abnormality was observed in the chromosomal abnormality test using Chinese hamster lung cells. In the micronucleus test, micronuclei were not induced using ICR mouse bone marrow cells. All the toxicity test results suggest that vitamin K2 produced by fermentation processes using Bacillus subtilis var. natto induced no toxicological changes under the experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bong Hwang
- Department of Quality, GF Fermentech, Inc., Sejong, 30077, South Korea
| | - Min-Ju Choi
- Department of Quality, GF Fermentech, Inc., Sejong, 30077, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Quality, GF Fermentech, Inc., Sejong, 30077, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Han
- GF Fermentech, Inc., R&D Institute, Daejon, South Korea.
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10
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Chen A, Li J, Shen N, Huang H, Hang Q. Vitamin K: New insights related to senescence and cancer metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189057. [PMID: 38158025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Several clinical trials and experimental studies have recently shown that vitamin K (VK) supplementation benefits the human body. Specifically, VK participates in coagulation and is associated with cellular senescence and cancer. VK has a potential anticancer effect in various cancers, such as pancreatic and prostate cancers. Through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, VK can prevent senescence and inhibit cancer metastasis. Therefore, cancer prognosis can be improved by preventing cellular senescence. In addition, VK can inhibit the proliferation, growth, and differentiation of cancer cells through various mechanisms, including induction of c-myc and c-fos genes, regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and p21 genes, and angiogenesis inhibition. This review aims to discuss the relationship among VK, cellular senescence, and cancer metastasis and thus may improve comprehension of the specific functions of VK in human health. The potential application of VK as an adjuvant therapy for cancer (or in combination with traditional chemotherapy drugs or other vitamins) has also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Nianxuan Shen
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224006, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Yancheng 224006, China.
| | - Qinglei Hang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China.
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11
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Zhao P, Yang W, Xiao H, Zhang S, Gao C, Piao H, Liu L, Li S. Vitamin K2 protects mice against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high-fat diet. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3075. [PMID: 38321064 PMCID: PMC10847165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide and there is a huge unmet need to find safer and more effective drugs. Vitamin K has been found to regulate lipid metabolism in the liver. However, the effects of vitamin K2 on NAFLD is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of vitamin K2 in the process of fatty liver formation and to explore molecular mechanisms the associated with lipid metabolism. A non-alcoholic fatty liver model was established by high-fat diet administration for three months. Vitamin K2 significantly reduced the body weight, abdominal circumference and body fat percentage of NAFLD mice. Vitamin K2 also showed histological benefits in reducing hepatic steatosis. NAFLD mice induced by high-fat diet showed increased HMGR while vitamin K2 intervention could reverse the pathological lterations. Adiponectin (APN) is an endogenous bioactive polypeptide or protein secreted by adipocytes. We detected APN, SOD, AlaDH and other indicators that may affect the state of high-fat diet mice, but the experimental results showed that the above indicators did not change significantly. It is worth noting that the effect of vitamin K2 supplementation on the lipid-lowering effect of uc OC in vivo needs to be further explored. This study first reported the protective effect of vitamin K2 on high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in mice. The protective effect of vitamin K2 may be related to the improvement of lipid metabolism disorder in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizuo Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanzhou Gao
- Central Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Piao
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuzhuang Li
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Hu P, Peng C, Zhang B, Hu X, Milon RB, Ren L. Enhancing menaquinone-7 biosynthesis through strengthening precursor supply and product secretion. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:211-222. [PMID: 38153563 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) is an important class of vitamin K2 that is essential in human health and can prevent osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. However, due to the complex synthesis pathway, the synthesis efficiency is low. The main objective of this study was to explore the effect of enhanced supply of precursors in Bacillus natto. Three precursors of pyruvate, shikimic acid, and sodium glutamate were chosen to investigate the effect of enhanced supply of precursors on MK-7 synthesis. Then, the optimal concentrations, different combinations, and different adding times were systematically studied, respectively. Results showed that the combination of shikimic acid and sodium glutamate could boost MK-7 production by 2 times, reaching 50 mg/L of MK-7 titer and 0.52 mg/(L·h) of MK-7 productivity. Furthermore, adding shikimic acid and sodium glutamate initially and feeding pyruvate at 48 h and 72 h increased MK-7 production to 58 mg/L. At the same time, the expression of the three related genes was also significantly upregulated. Subsequently, a new fermentation strategy combining the precursors enhancement and product secretion was proposed to enhance MK-7 yield and MK-7 productivity to 63 mg/L and 0.45 mg/(L·h). This study proposed a new fermentation regulation strategy for the enhancement of vitamin K2 biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchen Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechao Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai JanStar Technology Development Co., Ltd., No. 1288, Huateng Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ripon Baroi Milon
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujing Ren
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Tan J, Li Y. Revisiting the interconnection between lipids and vitamin K metabolism: insights from recent research and potential therapeutic implications: a review. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:6. [PMID: 38172964 PMCID: PMC10763176 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K is a lipophilic vitamin, whose absorption, transportation, and distribution are influenced by lipids. The plasma vitamin K level after supplementation is predominantly a lipid-driven effect and independent of existing vitamin K status. However, previous studies examining the efficacy of vitamin K supplementation often overlooked the influence of lipid levels on vitamin K absorption, resulting in inconsistent outcomes. Recent research discovered that impaired transportation of vitamin K2 within uremic high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in individuals with uremia might elucidate the lack of beneficial effects in preventing calcification observed in multiple trials involving menaquinone-7 (MK-7) supplementation among patients with chronic kidney disease. Clinical findings have shown that drugs used to regulate hyperlipidemia interact with the vitamin K antagonist warfarin, because cholesterol and vitamin K share common transport receptors, such as Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) and ATP-binding cassette protein G5/G8 (ABCG5/ABCG8), in enterocytes and hepatocytes. Additionally, cholesterol and vitamin K share a common biosynthetic intermediate called geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). It is important to note that statins, which hinder cholesterol synthesis, can also impede vitamin K conversion, ultimately impacting the functionality of vitamin K-dependent proteins. Furthermore, certain studies have indicated that vitamin K supplementation holds potential in managing hyperlipidemia, potentially opening a novel avenue for controlling hyperlipidemia using dietary vitamin K supplements. Therefore, attaining a more comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between vitamin K and lipids will yield valuable insights concerning the utilization of vitamin K and lipid regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tan
- Department of Hematology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ying Li
- School of Medicine, North Scihuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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14
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Apurba G. Investigation of outcome measures and anomalous lower extremity in osteoarthritis patients with Jumpstart nutrition® supplementation. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2024; 15:1-27. [PMID: 38463924 PMCID: PMC10921115 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.15.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by cartilage and synovial inflammation as well as anomalous lower extremity leading to joint pain, and impairment in lifestyle and epidemic of obesity. This study aimed to use the Jumpstart Nutrition® supplement (JNS) for achieving symmetry of aberrant lower extremity and improving the outcome measures in the management of OA. Methods This week-twelve registry included 108 patients treated with JNS mainly comprised of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin-K2, coenzyme-Q10, vitamin-C, boswellic acids, and curcumin mixed with soy and whey proteins (experimental group) and 72 were treated with symptomatic slow-acting drugs (control group) for chronic OA confirmed with radiological images. The outcome measures (Visual analogue scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Knee-injury Osteoarthritis Outcomes Scale, and Body mass index), and anomalous lower extremity included bilateral: knee gaps between biceps femoris-short head and surface of the bed, diameters of muscles at the calf, the thigh, 4cm above and below the patella, angles of straight leg raising, knee- flexion and-extension in supine were evaluated with appropriate protocol at week-0 and at week-12 for both the groups. Results After week-12, risk ratios of studied lower extremity, and mean ±standard deviation of all outcome measures were significantly improved (p<0.0001), and Kellgren-Lawrence scale (KLS) was upgraded to ≥2 in experimental group compared to control. Conclusions This registry study indicates that JNS can be used to achieve symmetry of studied lower extremity and to improve the outcome measures safely as an effective management of OA patients confirmed with radiological images correlated with KLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganguly Apurba
- Department of Biochemistry, Techno India University, Salt Lake, Kolkata, India
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15
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Webster J, Dalla Via J, Langley C, Smith C, Sale C, Sim M. Nutritional strategies to optimise musculoskeletal health for fall and fracture prevention: Looking beyond calcium, vitamin D and protein. Bone Rep 2023; 19:101684. [PMID: 38163013 PMCID: PMC10757289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Falls and osteoporotic fractures are a major public health problem, particularly among older adults. A third of individuals aged 65 years and over fall at least once each year, with up to 20 % of these resulting in serious injury, including fracture. In conjunction with regular exercise, the importance of diet for musculoskeletal health has largely focused upon calcium, vitamin D, and protein, particularly in the context of preventing falls and fractures. Whilst there is evidence for the benefits of these nutrients for musculoskeletal health, other aspects of the diet remain largely underexplored. For example, vegetables are rich sources of macro- and micronutrients that are essential for muscle function and bone health, which are key factors in the prevention of falls and fractures. Recent work has highlighted the importance of nutrients such as vegetable-derived nitrate and vitamin K1 in optimising muscle strength, physical function, and bone quality. In the context of dietary patterns, vegan/plant-based diets have recently gained popularity due to perceived health benefits, animal welfare, or to tackle climate change. The elimination and/or substitution of animal-based products for plant foods (without careful planning and/or expert dietary guidance) could, however, have long-term negative musculoskeletal consequences; a trend uncovered by recent evidence. Within the overarching theme of nutrition for fall and fracture prevention in older populations, the aim of this review is to (i) summarise the current evidence for calcium, vitamin D and protein; (ii) describe the importance of vegetables and selected nutrients, such as nitrate and vitamin K1, for muscle function and bone structural integrity; and (iii) highlight current evidence around different dietary patterns (e.g., plant-based, diet quality, data driven approaches) and their impact on musculoskeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Webster
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Dalla Via
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christina Langley
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cassandra Smith
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Craig Sale
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Sim
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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16
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Aaseth JO, Alehagen U, Opstad TB, Alexander J. Vitamin K and Calcium Chelation in Vascular Health. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3154. [PMID: 38137375 PMCID: PMC10740993 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The observation that the extent of artery calcification correlates with the degree of atherosclerosis was the background for the alternative treatment of cardiovascular disease with chelator ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA). Recent studies have indicated that such chelation treatment has only marginal impact on the course of vascular disease. In contrast, endogenous calcium chelation with removal of calcium from the cardiovascular system paralleled by improved bone mineralization exerted, i.e., by matrix Gla protein (MGP) and osteocalcin, appears to significantly delay the development of cardiovascular diseases. After post-translational vitamin-K-dependent carboxylation of glutamic acid residues, MGP and other vitamin-K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) can chelate calcium through vicinal carboxyl groups. Dietary vitamin K is mainly provided in the form of phylloquinone from green leafy vegetables and as menaquinones from fermented foods. Here, we provide a review of clinical studies, addressing the role of vitamin K in cardiovascular diseases, and an overview of vitamin K kinetics and biological actions, including vitamin-K-dependent carboxylation and calcium chelation, as compared with the action of the exogenous (therapeutic) chelator EDTA. Consumption of vitamin-K-rich foods and/or use of vitamin K supplements appear to be a better preventive strategy than EDTA chelation for maintaining vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan O. Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, P.O. Box 104, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 400, N-2418 Elverum, Norway
| | - Urban Alehagen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Trine Baur Opstad
- Oslo Centre for Clinical Heart Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0370 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Alexander
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, N-0213 Oslo, Norway;
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17
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Homma T, Okamoto M, Koharazawa R, Hayakawa M, Fushimi T, Tode C, Hirota Y, Osakabe N, Baba M, Suhara Y. Exploring Novel Vitamin K Derivatives with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42248-42263. [PMID: 38024673 PMCID: PMC10652723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
From our compound library of vitamin K derivatives, we found that some compounds exhibited anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells. The common structure of these compounds was menaquinone-2 (MK-2) with either the m-methylphenyl or the 1-naphthyl group introduced at the end of the side chain. Therefore, new vitamin K derivatives having more potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity were explored by introducing various functional groups at the ω-position of the side chain. MK-2 derivatives with a purine moiety showed the most potent antiviral activity among the derivatives. We also found that their mechanism of action was the inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2. The chemical structures of our compounds were completely different from those of nucleic acid derivatives such as remdesivir and molnupiravir, clinically approved RdRp inhibitors for COVID-19 treatment, suggesting that our compounds may be effective against viruses resistant to these nucleic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Homma
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Mika Okamoto
- Division
of Infection Control Research, Center for Advanced Science Research
and Promotion, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
| | - Ryohto Koharazawa
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Mayu Hayakawa
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Taiki Fushimi
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Chisato Tode
- Instrumental
Analysis Center, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Hirota
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Naomi Osakabe
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Masanori Baba
- Division
of Infection Control Research, Center for Advanced Science Research
and Promotion, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Suhara
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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18
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Olszewska-Czyz I, Firkova E. A Case Control Study Evaluating the Relationship between Vitamin K2 Serum Level and Periodontitis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2937. [PMID: 37998429 PMCID: PMC10670967 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Vitamin K2 (VK2) is an essential co-factor for bone metabolism. There is still very little data regarding possible VK2 relation to periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate any potential link between VK2 serum level and the severity of periodontitis in comparison to a control group of healthy individuals. The trial was performed on 100 patients among whom 50 were diagnosed with periodontitis. The patients underwent full clinical periodontal and radiological examination. The VK2 serum level was assessed using the ELISA kit (Gla-type osteocalcin EIA Kit, Takara, Kusatsu). Patients with periodontitis had mean serum levels of VK2 significantly lower (0.27 ± 0.06 nmol/L; p < 0.001) than the control group (0.43 ± 0.09 nmol/L; p < 0.001) regardless of the patient's age or sex. The VK2 serum level decreased with the severity of periodontitis with the lowest level in stage IV of the disease (0.19 ± 0.01 nmol/L; p < 0.001). Also, a significant drop was noticed between the grades of periodontitis. Individuals with localized forms of the disease had significantly lower VK2 levels (0.26 ± 0.006 nmol/L; p < 0.001) in comparison to subjects with generalized periodontitis (0.30 ± 0.01 nmol/L; p < 0.001). The VK2 serum levels were also associated with most of the clinical parameters such as bleeding on probing (-0.805, 95% CI: -0.894 to -0.654, p < 0.001), attachment loss (-0.752, 95% CI: -0.862 to -0.574, p < 0.001), and bone loss (-0.656, 95% CI: -0.801 to -0.439, p < 0.001). In the present study, the VK2 serum level was correlated to periodontitis, and its severity, complexity, extension, and grade. The range of VK2 was decreasing together with the worsening of all clinical parameters of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Olszewska-Czyz
- Department of Periodontology, Prophylaxis and Oral Pathology, Medical Faculty, Jagiellonian University, 31155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Elena Firkova
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
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19
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Liu Y, Wang J, Huang JB, Li XF, Chen Y, Liu K, Zhao M, Huang XL, Gao XL, Luo YN, Tao W, Wu J, Xue ZL. Advances in regulating vitamin K 2 production through metabolic engineering strategies. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:8. [PMID: 37938463 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone, VK2, MK) is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin that plays critical roles in inhibiting cell ferroptosis, improving blood clotting, and preventing osteoporosis. The increased global demand for VK2 has inspired interest in novel production strategies. In this review, various novel metabolic regulation strategies, including static and dynamic metabolic regulation, are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of both strategies are analyzed in-depth to highlight the bottlenecks facing microbial VK2 production on an industrial scale. Finally, advanced metabolic engineering biotechnology for future microbial VK2 production will also be discussed. In summary, this review provides in-depth information and offers an outlook on metabolic engineering strategies for VK2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China.
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Jun-Bao Huang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China.
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China.
| | - Xi-Lin Huang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Xu-Li Gao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Ya-Ni Luo
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Wei Tao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Zheng-Lian Xue
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
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20
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Tietel Z, Hammann S, Meckelmann SW, Ziv C, Pauling JK, Wölk M, Würf V, Alves E, Neves B, Domingues MR. An overview of food lipids toward food lipidomics. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4302-4354. [PMID: 37616018 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence regarding lipids' beneficial effects on human health has changed the common perception of consumers and dietary officials about the role(s) of food lipids in a healthy diet. However, lipids are a wide group of molecules with specific nutritional and bioactive properties. To understand their true nutritional and functional value, robust methods are needed for accurate identification and quantification. Specific analytical strategies are crucial to target specific classes, especially the ones present in trace amounts. Finding a unique and comprehensive methodology to cover the full lipidome of each foodstuff is still a challenge. This review presents an overview of the lipids nutritionally relevant in foods and new trends in food lipid analysis for each type/class of lipids. Food lipid classes are described following the LipidMaps classification, fatty acids, endocannabinoids, waxes, C8 compounds, glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids (i.e., glycolipids, betaine lipids, and triglycerides), sphingolipids, sterols, sercosterols (vitamin D), isoprenoids (i.e., carotenoids and retinoids (vitamin A)), quinones (i.e., coenzyme Q, vitamin K, and vitamin E), terpenes, oxidized lipids, and oxylipin are highlighted. The uniqueness of each food group: oil-, protein-, and starch-rich, as well as marine foods, fruits, and vegetables (water-rich) regarding its lipid composition, is included. The effect of cooking, food processing, and storage, in addition to the importance of lipidomics in food quality and authenticity, are also discussed. A critical review of challenges and future trends of the analytical approaches and computational methods in global food lipidomics as the basis to increase consumer awareness of the significant role of lipids in food quality and food security worldwide is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipora Tietel
- Department of Food Science, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, M.P. Negev, Israel
| | - Simon Hammann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven W Meckelmann
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carmit Ziv
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Josch K Pauling
- LipiTUM, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Michele Wölk
- Lipid Metabolism: Analysis and Integration; Center of Membrane Biochemistry and Lipid Research; Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vivian Würf
- LipiTUM, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Eliana Alves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruna Neves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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21
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Yan F, Eshak ES, Arafa A, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Vitamin K Intake and Risk of Lung Cancer: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:536-542. [PMID: 35871570 PMCID: PMC10483107 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited reports from prospective human studies investigated the possible role of vitamin K in the development of lung cancer although vitamin K's anticarcinogenic activities were verified from several in vitro and in vivo studies. We investigated the associations between total vitamin K intake from food and the development of lung cancer based on this large prospective cohort study. METHODS A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to examine vitamin K intake among 42,166 (16,341 men and 25,825 women) at the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study's baseline (1988-1990). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident lung cancer were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression method based on vitamin K consumption quartiles. RESULTS 430 cases (308 males and 122 women) of lung cancer were documented during a total of 564,127 person-years of follow-up (median follow-up, 14.6 years). Vitamin K consumption was shown to be inversely related to lung cancer risk; the multivariable hazard ratio [HR] for the highest versus lowest quartiles was 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-0.96; P for trend = 0.010). This relationship appears to be stronger in males (HR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.96; P for trend = 0.016) than in females (HR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.42-1.61; P for trend = 0.39) (P for interaction = 0.012), and in ever smokers (HR 0.57; 95% CI, 0.36-0.91; P for trend = 0.006) than in never smokers (HR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.40-1.55; P for trend = 0.37) (P for interaction = 0.30). The individuals' age, body mass index, or alcohol consumption status had no effect on the observed connection. CONCLUSION Vitamin K consumption reduces the risk of lung cancer. More research is needed to clarify the molecular processes behind this connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Yan
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Michigan, USA
| | - Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - the JACC Study Group
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Michigan, USA
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Chmiel JA, Stuivenberg GA, Al KF, Akouris PP, Razvi H, Burton JP, Bjazevic J. Vitamins as regulators of calcium-containing kidney stones - new perspectives on the role of the gut microbiome. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:615-637. [PMID: 37161031 PMCID: PMC10169205 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-based kidney stone disease is a highly prevalent and morbid condition, with an often complicated and multifactorial aetiology. An abundance of research on the role of specific vitamins (B6, C and D) in stone formation exists, but no consensus has been reached on how these vitamins influence stone disease. As a consequence of emerging research on the role of the gut microbiota in urolithiasis, previous notions on the contribution of these vitamins to urolithiasis are being reconsidered in the field, and investigation into previously overlooked vitamins (A, E and K) was expanded. Understanding how the microbiota influences host vitamin regulation could help to determine the role of vitamins in stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Chmiel
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerrit A Stuivenberg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kait F Al
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Polycronis P Akouris
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hassan Razvi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy P Burton
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Bjazevic
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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23
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Letafati A, Sakhavarz T, Khosravinia MM, Ardekani OS, Sadeghifar S, Norouzi M, Naseri M, Ghaziasadi A, Jazayeri SM. Exploring the correlation between progression of human papillomavirus infection towards carcinogenesis and nutrition. Microb Pathog 2023; 183:106302. [PMID: 37567326 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus that can lead to the development of various types of cancer. While there are vaccines available to prevent HPV infection, there is also growing interest in the role of nutrition in reducing the risk of HPV-related cancers in HPV positive patients. Diet and nutrition play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing various diseases. A healthy diet can strengthen the immune system, which is essential for fighting off infections, including HPV infections, and preventing the growth and spread of cancer cells. Therefore, following a healthy diet and maintaining a healthy weight are important components of HPV and cancer prevention. This article explores the current scientific evidence on the relationship between nutrition and HPV, including the impact of specific nutrients, dietary patterns, and supplements on HPV infection toward cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tannaz Sakhavarz
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Khosravinia
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Salahi Ardekani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samira Sadeghifar
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Norouzi
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Naseri
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Ghaziasadi
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Barbieri J, Cober MP. Select micronutrients for the preterm neonate. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38 Suppl 2:S66-S83. [PMID: 37721469 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
If premature neonates are not provided with adequate nutrition, they will quickly become deficient because of increased requirements and a lack of nutrient stores to achieve adequate growth. The provision of many of the recommended micronutrients for pediatric and adult patients is challenging in premature neonates because of the limited data surrounding the true needs of premature neonates and the difficulty in assessing adequate serum levels of these nutrients in this patient population. Parenteral and enteral nutrition shortages further complicate providing adequate micronutrients to premature neonates. This review will discuss select micronutrients and their importance to the preterm neonate, with special emphasis on micronutrients with limited evidence and more challenging supplementation and repletion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Barbieri
- Department of Nutritional Services, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Petrea Cober
- Department of Pharmacy, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
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25
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Okabe S, Gotoh A. Effect of asciminib and vitamin K2 on Abelson tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:827. [PMID: 37670241 PMCID: PMC10478393 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abelson (ABL) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); however, many patients develop resistance during ABL TKI therapy. Vitamin K2 (VK2) is a crucial fat-soluble vitamin used to activate hepatic coagulation factors and treat osteoporosis. Although VK2 has demonstrated impressive anticancer activity in various cancer cell lines, it is not known whether VK2 enhances the effects of asciminib, which specifically targets the ABL myristoyl pocket (STAMP) inhibitor. METHOD In this work, we investigated whether VK2 contributed to the development of CML cell lines. We also investigated the efficacy of asciminib and VK2 by using K562, ponatinib-resistant K562 (K562 PR), Ba/F3 BCR-ABL, and T315I point mutant Ba/F3 (Ba/F3 T315I) cells. RESULTS Based on data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) were elevated in imatinib-resistant patients (GSE130404). UBIA Prenyltransferase Domain Containing 1 (UBIAD1) was decreased, and K562 PR cells were resistant to ponatinib. In contrast, asciminib inhibited CML cells and ponatinib resistance in a dose-dependent manner. CML cells were suppressed by VK2. Caspase 3/7 activity was also elevated, as was cellular cytotoxicity. Asciminib plus VK2 therapy induced a significantly higher level of cytotoxicity than use of each drug alone. Asciminib and VK2 therapy altered the mitochondrial membrane potential. CONCLUSIONS Asciminib and VK2 are suggested as a novel treatment for ABL-TKI-resistant cells since they increase treatment efficacy. Additionally, this treatment option has intriguing clinical relevance for patients who are resistant to ABL TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Okabe
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Gotoh
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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26
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Ma Y, Yu S, Mu D, Cheng J, Qiu L, Cheng X. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 548:117469. [PMID: 37419302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are essential for maintaining normal body function and metabolism. Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency may lead to bone diseases, anemia, bleeding, xerophthalmia, etc. Early detection and timely interventions are significant for preventing vitamin deficiency-related diseases. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is developing into a potent instrument for the precise detection of fat-soluble vitamins due to its high sensitivity, high specificity, and high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Danni Mu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinqi Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
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27
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Lal N, Seifan M, Ebrahiminezhad A, Berenjian A. The Impact of Amine-Functionalised Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Menaquinone-7 Isomer Profile and Production of the Bioactive Isomer. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00832-w. [PMID: 37517081 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00832-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The K family of vitamins includes a collection of molecules with different pharmacokinetic characteristics. Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) has the finest properties and is the most therapeutically beneficial due to its long plasma half-life and outstanding extrahepatic bioavailability. MK-7 exhibits cis-trans isomerism, and merely the all-trans form is biologically efficacious. Therefore, the remedial value of MK-7 end products is exclusively governed by the quantity of all-trans MK-7. Consumers favour fermentation for the production of MK-7; however, it involves several challenges. The low MK-7 yield and extensive downstream processing requirements increase production costs, resulting in an expensive final product that is not universally available. Bacterial cell immobilisation with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) can potentially address the limitations of MK-7 fermentation. Uncoated IONs tend to have low stability and can adversely affect cell viability; thus, amine-functionalised IONs, owing to their increased physicochemical stability and biocompatibility, are a favourable alternative. Nonetheless, employing biocompatible IONs for this purpose is only advantageous if the bioactive MK-7 isomer is obtained in the most significant fraction, exploring which formed the aim of this investigation. Two amine-functionalised IONs, namely 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-coated IONs (IONs@APTES) and L-Lysine (L-Lys)-coated IONs (L-Lys@IONs), were synthesised and characterised, and their impact on various parameters was evaluated. IONs@APTES were superior, and the optimal concentration (300 [Formula: see text]g/mL) increased all-trans MK-7 production and improved its yield relative to the untreated cells by 2.3- and 3.1-fold, respectively. The outcomes of this study present an opportunity to develop an innovative and effective fermentation method that enhances the production of bioactive MK-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Lal
- School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - Mostafa Seifan
- School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | | | - Aydin Berenjian
- School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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28
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Lal N, Seifan M, Ebrahiminezhad A, Berenjian A. The Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Menaquinone-7 Isomer Composition and Synthesis of the Biologically Significant All- Trans Isomer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1825. [PMID: 37368255 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) is the most therapeutically valuable K vitamin owing to its excellent bioavailability. MK-7 occurs as geometric isomers, and only all-trans MK-7 is bioactive. The fermentation-based synthesis of MK-7 entails various challenges, primarily the low fermentation yield and numerous downstream processing steps. This raises the cost of production and translates to an expensive final product that is not widely accessible. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) can potentially overcome these obstacles due to their ability to enhance fermentation productivity and enable process intensification. Nevertheless, utilisation of IONPs in this regard is only beneficial if the biologically active isomer is achieved in the greatest proportion, the investigation of which constituted the objective of this study. IONPs (Fe3O4) with an average size of 11 nm were synthesised and characterised using different analytical techniques, and their effect on isomer production and bacterial growth was assessed. The optimum IONP concentration (300 μg/mL) improved the process output and resulted in a 1.6-fold increase in the all-trans isomer yield compared to the control. This investigation was the first to evaluate the role of IONPs in the synthesis of MK-7 isomers, and its outcomes will assist the development of an efficient fermentation system that favours the production of bioactive MK-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Lal
- School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Mostafa Seifan
- School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Alireza Ebrahiminezhad
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz P.O. Box 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Aydin Berenjian
- School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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29
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Kampmann FB, Thysen SM, Nielsen CFB, Kofoed KF, Køber L, Pham MHC, Vaag A, Jørgensen NR, Petersen J, Jacobsen RK, Kårhus LL, Diederichsen A, Frimodt-Møller M, Linneberg A. Study protocol of the InterVitaminK trial: a Danish population-based randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled trial of the effects of vitamin K (menaquinone-7) supplementation on cardiovascular, metabolic and bone health. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071885. [PMID: 37208133 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin K has been suggested to have protective effects against progression of vascular calcification and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few well-powered randomised controlled trials have examined whether vitamin K prevents progression of vascular calcification in individuals from the general population. The aim of the InterVitaminK trial is to investigate the effects of vitamin K supplementation (menaquinone-7, MK-7) on cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory and bone health in a general ageing population with detectable vascular calcification. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The InterVitaminK trial is a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, trial. A total of 450 men and women aged 52-82 years with detectable coronary artery calcification (CAC), but without manifest CVD, will be randomised (1:1) to receive daily MK-7 (333 µg/day) or placebo tablets for 3 years. Health examinations are scheduled at baseline, and after 1, 2 and 3 years of intervention. Health examinations include cardiac CT scans, measurements of arterial stiffness, blood pressure, lung function, physical function, muscle strength, anthropometric measures, questionnaires on general health and dietary intake, and blood and urine sampling. The primary outcome is progression of CAC from baseline to 3-year follow-up. The trial has 89% power to detect a between-group difference of at least 15%. Secondary outcomes are bone mineral density, pulmonary function and biomarkers of insulin resistance. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Oral MK-7 supplementation is considered safe and has not been found to cause severe adverse events. The Ethical Committee of the Capital Region (H-21033114) approved the protocol. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants and the trial is conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki II. Both negative and positive findings will be reported. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05259046.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freja Bach Kampmann
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanne Marie Thysen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Friis Bryde Nielsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed
- Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Huy Cuong Pham
- Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Vaag
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Center, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne Petersen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Kart Jacobsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Lund Kårhus
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Axel Diederichsen
- Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Elitary Research Centre of Individualized Medicine in Arterial Disease (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marie Frimodt-Møller
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Chuai Y, Dai B, Liu X, Hu M, Wang Y, Zhang H. Association of vitamin K, fibre intake and progression of periodontal attachment loss in American adults. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:303. [PMID: 37198606 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis-related attachment loss is accompanied by mucosal bleeding and inflammatory lesions. Dietary vitamin K and fibre intake are known to be correlation factors of haemostasis and anti-inflammation, respectively. OBJECTIVE To explore the association between severe periodontal attachment loss and vitamin K or fibre intake in American adults. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted including 2747 males and 2218 females in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2009 to 2014. The number of teeth with severe periodontal attachment loss (above 5 mm attachment loss) was used as the dependent variable. The main independent variables included the intake of vitamin K and dietary fibre. The association among variables was examined using multivariable linear regression models, hierarchical regression, fitted smoothing curves, and generalized additive models. RESULTS Based on the indicators of 4965 subjects, we found that severe attachment loss tended to occur in elderly individuals or males and was accompanied by less intake of vitamin K or dietary fibre, as well as lower educational qualification. Vitamin K intake was stably negatively associated with attachment loss progression in each multivariable linear regression model. In subgroup analyses, a negative association between fibre intake and attachment loss progression was identified in all races except blacks (β = 0.0005, 95% CI: -0.0005 to 0.0016). The relationship between fibre intake and attachment loss progression was a broad U-shaped curve (inflection point: 753.4 mg), which especially manifested in males (inflection point: 967.5 mg). CONCLUSION There was an inverse association between vitamin K intake and the progression of periodontal attachment loss in American adults, while dietary fibre should be moderate in intake (below 753.4 mg), especially in males (below 967.5 mg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chuai
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bichong Dai
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Menglin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuanyin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Hengguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Department of Dental Implantology, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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31
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Zheng Z, Yuan D, Shen C, Zhang Z, Ye J, Zhu L. Identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers of atherosclerosis based on bioinformatics strategy. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:100. [PMID: 37173673 PMCID: PMC10176947 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01531-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the main pathological change in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to explore the hub genes involved in atherosclerosis and their potential mechanisms through bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Three microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) identified robust differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by robust rank aggregation (RRA). We performed connectivity map (CMap) analysis and functional enrichment analysis on robust DEGs and constructed a protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network using the STRING database to identify the hub gene using 12 algorithms of cytoHubba in Cytoscape. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the diagnostic potency of the hub genes.The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to perform immunocyte infiltration analysis and explore the association between the identified biomarkers and infiltrating immunocytes using Spearman's rank correlation analysis in R software. Finally, we evaluated the expression of the hub gene in foam cells. RESULTS A total of 155 robust DEGs were screened by RRA and were revealed to be mainly associated with cytokines and chemokines by functional enrichment analysis. CD52 and IL1RN were identified as hub genes and were validated in the GSE40231 dataset. Immunocyte infiltration analysis showed that CD52 was positively correlated with gamma delta T cells, M1 macrophages and CD4 memory resting T cells, while IL1RN was positively correlated with monocytes and activated mast cells. RT-qPCR results indicate that CD52 and IL1RN were highly expressed in foam cells, in agreement with bioinformatics analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study has established that CD52 and IL1RN may play a key role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, which opens new lines of thought for further research on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dong Yuan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
- The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China.
- The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China.
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China.
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Chaves MA, Ferreira LS, Baldino L, Pinho SC, Reverchon E. Current Applications of Liposomes for the Delivery of Vitamins: A Systematic Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091557. [PMID: 37177102 PMCID: PMC10180326 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes have been used for several decades for the encapsulation of drugs and bioactives in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. On the other hand, the use of these phospholipid vesicles in food applications is more recent and is increasing significantly in the last ten years. Although in different stages of technological maturity-in the case of cosmetics, many products are on the market-processes to obtain liposomes suitable for the encapsulation and delivery of bioactives are highly expensive, especially those aiming at scaling up. Among the bioactives proposed for cosmetics and food applications, vitamins are the most frequently used. Despite the differences between the administration routes (oral for food and mainly dermal for cosmetics), some challenges are very similar (e.g., stability, bioactive load, average size, increase in drug bioaccessibility and bioavailability). In the present work, a systematic review of the technological advancements in the nanoencapsulation of vitamins using liposomes and related processes was performed; challenges and future perspectives were also discussed in order to underline the advantages of these drug-loaded biocompatible nanocarriers for cosmetics and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus A Chaves
- Laboratory of Encapsulation and Functional Foods (LEnAlis), Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635900, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635900, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia S Ferreira
- Laboratory of Encapsulation and Functional Foods (LEnAlis), Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucia Baldino
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Samantha C Pinho
- Laboratory of Encapsulation and Functional Foods (LEnAlis), Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635900, SP, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Reverchon
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Rehman A, Pham V, Seifert N, Richard N, Sybesma W, Steinert RE. The Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid, and Vitamin K 1 Modulate the Gut Microbiome: A Study Using an In Vitro Shime Model. J Diet Suppl 2023; 21:135-153. [PMID: 37078491 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2198007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamins exert multiple beneficial effects on host health, some of which may be mediated through the gut microbiome. We investigated the prebiotic potential of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and lipid-soluble phylloquinone (vitamin K1), each at 0.2x, 1x and 5x using the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME®) to exclude in vivo systemic effects and host-microbe interactions.Microbial community composition and, diversity [shotgun metagenomic sequencing] and microbial activity [pH, gas pressure, and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)] were measured over a period of 48 h. Fermentations supernatants were used to investigate the effect on gut barrier integrity using a Caco-2/goblet cell co-culture model.We found that EPA, DHA and vitamin K1 increased alpha-diversity at 24 h when compared with control. Moreover, there was an effect on beta-diversity with changes in gut microbial composition, such as an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and a consistent increase in Veillonella and Dialister abundances with all treatments. DHA, EPA, and vitamin K1 also modulated metabolic activity of the gut microbiome by increasing total SCFAs which was related mainly to an increase in propionate (highest with EPA and vitamin K1 at 0.2x). Finally, we found that EPA and DHA increased gut barrier integrity with DHA at 1x and EPA at 5x (p < 0.05, respectively). In conclusion, our in vitro data further establish a role of PUFAs and vitamin K to modulate the gut microbiome with effects on the production of SCFAs and barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ateequr Rehman
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Van Pham
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Seifert
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Richard
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wilbert Sybesma
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert E Steinert
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nie S, Yang L, Feng J, Lu J, Zhang H, Li W, Hu Y, Yang X. Reference Range of Vitamin K Evaluating Indicators in Chinese Childbearing Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081977. [PMID: 37111196 PMCID: PMC10143736 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin K is an essential fat-soluble vitamin for the human body and its functions, such as promoting blood coagulation, bone health and preventing atherosclerosis, have attracted increasing attention. However, there is no recognized indicator and corresponding reference range for evaluating vitamin K status of different populations at present. The aim of this study is to establish a reference range for vitamin K evaluating indicators in healthy women of childbearing age in China. METHODS The population sample in this study was from the Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS) 2015-2017. A total of 631 healthy women of childbearing age (18-49 years) were included using a series of strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The concentrations of VK1, MK-4 and MK-7 in serum were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The other commonly-reported indicators evaluating vitamin K nutritional status, including undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), osteocalcin (OC), matrix Gla protein (MGP), desphosphorylated undercaboxylated MGP (dp-ucMGP) and protein induced by vitamin K absence II (PIVKA-II), were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reference range was obtained by calculating the 2.5% to 97.5% interval of the vitamin K evaluating indicators in the reference population. RESULTS The reference ranges of VK1, MK-4 and MK-7 in serum were 0.21-3.07 ng/mL, 0.02-0.24 ng/mL and 0.12-3.54 ng/mL, respectively. The reference ranges of ucOC, %ucOC, dp-ucMGP and PIVKA-II were 1.09-2.51 ng/mL, 5.80-22.78%, 2.69-5.88 ng/mL and 3.98-8.40 ng/mL, respectively. The cut-off values that can be used to evaluate subclinical vitamin K deficiency were as follows: VK1 < 0.21 ng/mL, MK-7 < 0.12 ng/mL, ucOC > 2.51 ng/mL, %ucOC > 22.78%, dp-ucMGP > 5.88 ng/mL and PIVKA-II > 8.40 ng/mL. CONCLUSION The reference range of VK1, MK-4, MK-7 and vitamin K-related indicators for healthy women of childbearing age established in this study could be used to assess the nutritional and health status of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Nie
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lichen Yang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Feng
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaxi Lu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Huidi Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weidong Li
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yichun Hu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China
- Chinese Nutrition Society, Beijing 100050, China
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Mong MA. Vitamin K and the Visual System-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081948. [PMID: 37111170 PMCID: PMC10143727 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K occupies a unique and often obscured place among its fellow fat-soluble vitamins. Evidence is mounting, however, that vitamin K (VK) may play an important role in the visual system apart from the hepatic carboxylation of hemostatic-related proteins. However, to our knowledge, no review covering the topic has appeared in the medical literature. Recent studies have confirmed that matrix Gla protein (MGP), a vitamin K-dependent protein (VKDP), is essential for the regulation of intraocular pressure in mice. The PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study, a randomized trial involving 5860 adults at risk for cardiovascular disease, demonstrated a 29% reduction in the risk of cataract surgery in participants with the highest tertile of dietary vitamin K1 (PK) intake compared with those with the lowest tertile. However, the specific requirements of the eye and visual system (EVS) for VK, and what might constitute an optimized VK status, is currently unknown and largely unexplored. It is, therefore, the intention of this narrative review to provide an introduction concerning VK and the visual system, review ocular VK biology, and provide some historical context for recent discoveries. Potential opportunities and gaps in current research efforts will be touched upon in the hope of raising awareness and encouraging continued VK-related investigations in this important and highly specialized sensory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Mong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veteran Affairs North Texas Health Care Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
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36
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Gold SL, Manning L, Kohler D, Ungaro R, Sands B, Raman M. Micronutrients and Their Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Function, Assessment, Supplementation, and Impact on Clinical Outcomes Including Muscle Health. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:487-501. [PMID: 36287025 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Gold
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Manning
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Kohler
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Ungaro
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce Sands
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Gholami H, Chmiel JA, Burton JP, Maleki Vareki S. The Role of Microbiota-Derived Vitamins in Immune Homeostasis and Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041300. [PMID: 36831641 PMCID: PMC9954268 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Not all cancer patients who receive immunotherapy respond positively and emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may be linked to treatment efficacy. Though mechanisms of microbial contributions to the immune response have been postulated, one likely function is the supply of basic co-factors to the host including selected vitamins. Bacteria, fungi, and plants can produce their own vitamins, whereas humans primarily obtain vitamins from exogenous sources, yet despite the significance of microbial-derived vitamins as crucial immune system modulators, the microbiota is an overlooked source of these nutrients in humans. Microbial-derived vitamins are often shared by gut bacteria, stabilizing bioenergetic pathways amongst microbial communities. Compositional changes in gut microbiota can affect metabolic pathways that alter immune function. Similarly, the immune system plays a pivotal role in maintaining the gut microbiota, which parenthetically affects vitamin biosynthesis. Here we elucidate the immune-interactive mechanisms underlying the effects of these microbially derived vitamins and how they can potentially enhance the activity of immunotherapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasti Gholami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - John A. Chmiel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Probiotics, Lawson Research Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Jeremy P. Burton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Probiotics, Lawson Research Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.P.B.); (S.M.V.); Tel.: +1-519-685-8500 (ext. 55769) (S.M.V.)
| | - Saman Maleki Vareki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.P.B.); (S.M.V.); Tel.: +1-519-685-8500 (ext. 55769) (S.M.V.)
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A genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen identifies FSP1 as the warfarin-resistant vitamin K reductase. Nat Commun 2023; 14:828. [PMID: 36788244 PMCID: PMC9929328 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36446-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K is a vital micronutrient implicated in a variety of human diseases. Warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist, is the most commonly prescribed oral anticoagulant. Patients overdosed on warfarin can be rescued by administering high doses of vitamin K because of the existence of a warfarin-resistant vitamin K reductase. Despite the functional discovery of vitamin K reductase over eight decades ago, its identity remained elusive. Here, we report the identification of warfarin-resistant vitamin K reductase using a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen with a vitamin K-dependent apoptotic reporter cell line. We find that ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), a ubiquinone oxidoreductase, is the enzyme responsible for vitamin K reduction in a warfarin-resistant manner, consistent with a recent discovery by Mishima et al. FSP1 inhibitor that inhibited ubiquinone reduction and thus triggered cancer cell ferroptosis, displays strong inhibition of vitamin K-dependent carboxylation. Intriguingly, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, another ubiquinone-associated ferroptosis suppressor protein parallel to the function of FSP1, does not support vitamin K-dependent carboxylation. These findings provide new insights into selectively controlling the physiological and pathological processes involving electron transfers mediated by vitamin K and ubiquinone.
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Lee AS, Sung MJ, Son SJ, Han AR, Hong SM, Lee SH. Effect of Menaquinone-4 on Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss. J Med Food 2023; 26:128-134. [PMID: 36724309 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a progressive metabolic disease characterized by decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Previous studies have shown that higher intake of vitamin K (VK) correlates with a reduced risk of osteoporosis. However, the effect of menaquinone-4 (MK-4), a specific form of VK, still remains obscure. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of MK-4 on osteoclast differentiation by differentiating RAW 264.7 cells into osteoclasts with the help of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), assessed the mRNA expression of osteoclast-specific genes, and studied the effects of MK-4 in vivo in ovariectomized mice, a postmenopausal osteoporosis murine model. MK-4 inhibited osteoclast differentiation, decreased the mRNA expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), and cathepsin K (CTSK), and inhibited bone loss in ovariectomized mice. The findings strongly suggest that MK-4 is a therapeutic alternative for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Sin Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | | | | | - Ah-Ram Han
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | - Sun-Mee Hong
- Marine Industry Research Institute for Eastrim (MIRE), Uljin, Korea
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Pan W, Jie W, Huang H. Vascular calcification: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e200. [PMID: 36620697 PMCID: PMC9811665 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is recognized as a pathological vascular disorder associated with various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, aortic valve stenosis, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, as well as chronic kidney disease. Therefore, it is a life-threatening state for human health. There were several studies targeting mechanisms of VC that revealed the importance of vascular smooth muscle cells transdifferentiating, phosphorous and calcium milieu, as well as matrix vesicles on the progress of VC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of VC need to be elucidated. Though there is no acknowledged effective therapeutic strategy to reverse or cure VC clinically, recent evidence has proved that VC is not a passive irreversible comorbidity but an active process regulated by many factors. Some available approaches targeting the underlying molecular mechanism provide promising prospects for the therapy of VC. This review aims to summarize the novel findings on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions of VC, including the role of inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, iron homeostasis, metabolic imbalance, and some related signaling pathways on VC progression. We also conclude some recent studies on controversial interventions in the clinical practice of VC, such as calcium channel blockers, renin-angiotensin system inhibitions, statins, bisphosphonates, denosumab, vitamins, and ion conditioning agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic DiseaseSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic DiseaseSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina,Joint Laboratory of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic DiseaseSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
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El-Baky NA, Amara AAAF, Redwan EM. Nutraceutical and therapeutic importance of clots and their metabolites. NUTRACEUTICALS 2023:241-268. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-443-19193-0.00009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Manolis AA, Manolis TA, Melita H, Manolis AS. Role of Vitamins in Cardiovascular Health: Know Your Facts-Part 2. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2023; 21:399-423. [PMID: 37694779 DOI: 10.2174/1570161121666230911115725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity/mortality world-wide, hence preventive interventions are crucial. Observational data showing beneficial CV effects of vitamin supplements, promoted by self-proclaimed experts, have led to ~50% of Americans using multivitamins; this practice has culminated into a multi-billion-dollar business. However, robust evidence is lacking, and certain vitamins might incur harm. This two-part review focuses on the attributes or concerns about specific vitamin consumption on CVD. The evidence for indiscriminate use of multivitamins indicates no consistent CVD benefit. Specific vitamins and/or combinations are suggested, but further supportive evidence is needed. Data presented in Part 1 indicated that folic acid and certain B-vitamins may decrease stroke, whereas niacin might raise mortality; beta-carotene mediates pro-oxidant effects, which may abate the benefits from other vitamins. In Part 2, data favor the anti-oxidant effects of vitamin C and the anti-atherogenic effects of vitamins C and E, but clinical evidence is inconsistent. Vitamin D may provide CV protection, but data are conflicting. Vitamin K appears neutral. Thus, there are favorable CV effects of individual vitamins (C/D), but randomized/controlled data are lacking. An important caveat regards the potential toxicity of increased doses of fat-soluble vitamins (A/D/E/K). As emphasized in Part 1, vitamins might benefit subjects who are antioxidant-deficient or exposed to high levels of oxidative-stress (e.g., diabetics, smokers, and elderly), stressing the importance of targeting certain subgroups for optimal results. Finally, by promoting CV-healthy balanced-diets, we could acquire essential vitamins and nutrients and use supplements only for specific indications.
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Ofori KF, Antoniello S, English MM, Aryee ANA. Improving nutrition through biofortification-A systematic review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1043655. [PMID: 36570169 PMCID: PMC9784929 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1043655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritious foods are essential for human health and development. However, malnutrition and hidden hunger continue to be a challenge globally. In most developing countries, access to adequate and nutritious food continues to be a challenge. Although hidden hunger is less prevalent in developed countries compared to developing countries where iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are common. The United Nations (UN) 2nd Sustainable Development Goal was set to eradicate malnutrition and hidden hunger. Hidden hunger has led to numerous cases of infant and maternal mortalities, and has greatly impacted growth, development, cognitive ability, and physical working capacity. This has influenced several countries to develop interventions that could help combat malnutrition and hidden hunger. Interventions such as dietary diversification and food supplementation are being adopted. However, fortification but mainly biofortification has been projected to be the most sustainable solution to malnutrition and hidden hunger. Plant-based foods (PBFs) form a greater proportion of diets in certain populations; hence, fortification of PBFs is relevant in combating malnutrition and hidden hunger. Agronomic biofortification, plant breeding, and transgenic approaches are some currently used strategies in food crops. Crops such as cereals, legumes, oilseeds, vegetables, and fruits have been biofortified through all these three strategies. The transgenic approach is sustainable, efficient, and rapid, making it suitable for biofortification programs. Omics technology has also been introduced to improve the efficiency of the transgenic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin F. Ofori
- Department of Human Ecology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, United States
| | - Sophia Antoniello
- Department Human Nutrition, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada
| | - Marcia M. English
- Department Human Nutrition, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada
| | - Alberta N. A. Aryee
- Department of Human Ecology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, United States,*Correspondence: Alberta N. A. Aryee,
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Łuczkowska K, Kulig P, Baumert B, Machaliński B. The Evidence That 25(OH)D3 and VK2 MK-7 Vitamins Influence the Proliferative Potential and Gene Expression Profiles of Multiple Myeloma Cells and the Development of Resistance to Bortezomib. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235190. [PMID: 36501221 PMCID: PMC9736786 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable hematological malignancy. Bortezomib (BTZ) is a proteasome inhibitor widely used in MM therapy whose potent activity is often hampered by the development of resistance. The immune system is vital in the pathophysiology of BTZ resistance. Vitamins D (VD) and K (VK) modulate the immune system; therefore, they are potentially beneficial in MM. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of BTZ therapy and VD and VK supplementation on the proliferation potential and gene expression profiles of MM cells in terms of the development of BTZ resistance. The U266 MM cell line was incubated three times with BTZ, VD and VK at different timepoints. Then, proliferation assays, RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed. We showed BTZ resistance to be mediated by processes related to ATP metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. The upregulation of genes from the SNORDs family suggests the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms. Supplementation with VD and VK reduced the proliferation of MM cells in both the non-BTZ-resistant and BTZ-resistant phenotypes. VD and VK, by restoring proper metabolism, may have overcome resistance to BTZ in vitro. This observation forms the basis for further clinical trials evaluating VD and VK as potential adjuvant therapies for MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Kulig
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Baumert
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-914-250-428 (B.B.); +48-914-661-546 (B.M.); Fax: +48-914-253-357 (B.B.); +48-914-661-548 (B.M.)
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-914-250-428 (B.B.); +48-914-661-546 (B.M.); Fax: +48-914-253-357 (B.B.); +48-914-661-548 (B.M.)
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45
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Tang S, Ruan Z, Ma A, Wang D, Kou J. Effect of vitamin K on wound healing: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on preclinical studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1063349. [PMID: 36532748 PMCID: PMC9755209 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1063349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, many studies have found that vitamin K is beneficial to wound healing. However, some research results seem to be in conflict. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin K on wound healing.Methods: We systematically and comprehensively searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP and Wanfang eletronic databases. We applied revman5.3 software to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD) of 95% confidence interval (CI) of animal and cell groups to evaluate the effect of vitamin K on wound healing. Two researchers independently selected studies and used the Cochrane Collaboration tool to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The overall quality of evidence was assessed using the Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group approch.Results: Among the 1081 articles searched, 6 articles (16 studies in total) met the inclusion criteria. The results of quantitative analysis showed that vitamin K was beneficial to increase the wound healing rate in animal models [rat model: WMD = 27.45 (95% CI: 13.46, 41.44); p = 0.0001], but the opposite result was obtained in cell experiments [WMD = −33.84 (95% CI: −56.90, −10.79); p = 0.004].Conclusion: This meta-analysis hits that vitamin K could affect the process of wound healing, especially in animal models. While we could not know the clear role at present, which requires larger scale research. In addition, the concentration and safe dose of vitamin K also deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiqing Tang
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhen Ruan
- Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Axue Ma
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Medical Research and Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research on TCM Physical Constitution and Disease Prevention and Treatment, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Wang,
| | - Jiushe Kou
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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Kemp JA, Alvarenga L, Cardozo LFMF, Dai L, Stenvinkel P, Shiels PG, Hackeng TM, Schurgers LJ, Mafra D. Dysbiosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Let Us Talk About Vitamin K. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:765-779. [PMID: 36138326 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This narrative review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the connection between dysbiosis and vitamin K deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The presence of dysbiosis (perturbations in the composition of the microbiota) has been described in several non-communicable diseases, including chronic kidney disease, and it has been hypothesized that dysbiosis may cause vitamin K deficiency. Patients with CKD present both vitamin K deficiency and gut dysbiosis; however, the relationship between gut dysbiosis and vitamin K deficiency remains to be addressed. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, few studies in animals have demonstrated that a dysbiotic environment is associated with low production of vitamin K by the gut microbiota. Vitamin K plays a vital role in blood coagulation as well as in the cardiovascular and bone systems. It serves as a cofactor for γ-glutamyl carboxylases and thus is essential for the post-translational modification and activation of vitamin K-dependent calcification regulators, such as osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein, Gla-rich protein, and proteins C and S. Additionally, vitamin K executes essential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. Dietary intake is the main source of vitamin K; however, it also can be produced by gut microbiota. This review discusses the effects of uremia on the imbalance in gut microbiota, vitamin K-producing bacteria, and vitamin K deficiency in CKD patients, leading to a better understanding and raising hypothesis for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ann Kemp
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Livia Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Ludmila F M F Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Lu Dai
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul G Shiels
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Leon J Schurgers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica, Rua Marquês Do Paraná, Niterói, RJ, 30324033-900, Brazil.
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Gatsios A, Kim CS, York AG, Flavell RA, Crawford JM. Cellular Stress-Induced Metabolites in Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2626-2640. [PMID: 36346625 PMCID: PMC9949963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli isolates commonly inhabit the human microbiota, yet the majority of E. coli's small-molecule repertoire remains uncharacterized. We previously employed erythromycin-induced translational stress to facilitate the characterization of autoinducer-3 (AI-3) and structurally related pyrazinones derived from "abortive" tRNA synthetase reactions in pathogenic, commensal, and probiotic E. coli isolates. In this study, we explored the "missing" tryptophan-derived pyrazinone reaction and characterized two other families of metabolites that were similarly upregulated under erythromycin stress. Strikingly, the abortive tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase reaction leads to a tetracyclic indole alkaloid metabolite (1) rather than a pyrazinone. Furthermore, erythromycin induced two naphthoquinone-functionalized metabolites (MK-hCys, 2; and MK-Cys, 3) and four lumazines (7-10). Using genetic and metabolite analyses coupled with biomimetic synthesis, we provide support that the naphthoquinones are derived from 4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (DHNA), an intermediate in the menaquinone biosynthetic pathway, and the amino acids homocysteine and cysteine. In contrast, the lumazines are dependent on a flavin intermediate and α-ketoacids from the aminotransferases AspC and TyrB. We show that one of the lumazine members (9), an indole-functionalized analogue, possesses antioxidant properties, modulates the anti-inflammatory fate of isolated TH17 cells, and serves as an aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. These three systems described here serve to illustrate that new metabolic branches could be more commonly derived from well-established primary metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gatsios
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Institute of Biomolecular Design & Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Chung Sub Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Institute of Biomolecular Design & Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Autumn G. York
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard A. Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason M. Crawford
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Institute of Biomolecular Design & Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Lozynskyi A, Senkiv J, Ivasechko I, Finiuk N, Klyuchivska O, Kashchak N, Lesyk D, Karkhut A, Polovkovych S, Levytska O, Karpenko O, Boshkayeva A, Sayakova G, Gzella A, Stoika R, Lesyk R. 1,4-Naphthoquinone Motif in the Synthesis of New Thiopyrano[2,3-d]thiazoles as Potential Biologically Active Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217575. [PMID: 36364402 PMCID: PMC9658586 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 11-substituted 3,5,10,11-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[6,7]thiochromeno[2,3-d][1,3]thiazole-2,5,10-triones were obtained via hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of 5-alkyl/arylallylidene/-4-thioxo-2-thiazolidinones and 1,4-naphthoquinones. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were established by spectral data and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. According to U.S. NCI protocols, compounds 3.5 and 3.6 were screened for their anticancer activity; 11-Phenethyl-3,11-dihydro-2H-benzo[6,7]thiochromeno[2,3-d]thiazole-2,5,10-trione (3.6) showed pronounced cytotoxic effect on leukemia (Jurkat, THP-1), epidermoid (KB3-1, KBC-1), and colon (HCT116wt, HCT116 p53-/-) cell lines. The cytotoxic action of 3.6 on p53-deficient colon carcinoma cells was two times weaker than on HCT116wt, and it may be an interesting feature of the mechanism action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Lozynskyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Julia Senkiv
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Ivasechko
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Finiuk
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olga Klyuchivska
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Kashchak
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Danylo Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Karkhut
- Department of Technology of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Svyatoslav Polovkovych
- Department of Technology of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Levytska
- Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | | | - Assyl Boshkayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Galiya Sayakova
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Andrzej Gzella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +380-677-038-010
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The impact of key fermentation parameters on the production of the all-trans isomer of menaquinone-7. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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50
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Walther B, Guggisberg D, Badertscher R, Egger L, Portmann R, Dubois S, Haldimann M, Kopf-Bolanz K, Rhyn P, Zoller O, Veraguth R, Rezzi S. Comparison of nutritional composition between plant-based drinks and cow's milk. Front Nutr 2022; 9:988707. [PMID: 36386959 PMCID: PMC9650290 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The high decline in liquid milk consumption in Western countries has been compensated by the increased consumption of processed dairy products and the rapidly increasing number of new plant-based beverages constantly introduced in the market, advertised as milk substitutes and placed on shelves near milk products. To provide better understanding about the nutritional value of these drinks compared with cow's milk, 27 plant-based drinks of 8 different species and two milk samples were purchased from two big retailers in Switzerland, and their composition regarding protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamin, and mineral contents and residue load [glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and arsenic] was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Energy and nutrient intakes were calculated and compared with the dietary reference values for Germany, Austria and Switzerland (D-A-CH). In addition, the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) was calculated to estimate the quality of the proteins. Milk contained more energy; fat; carbohydrate; vitamins C, B2, B12, and A; biotin; pantothenic acid; calcium; phosphorus; and iodine than most plant-based drinks. Soy drinks provided slightly more protein and markedly more vitamins B1 and B6, folic acid, and vitamins E and D2 (with supplemented vitamin D2) and K1, magnesium, manganese, iron, and copper than milk and the other plant-based drinks. However, with the exception of cow's milk and soy drinks, which had > 3% protein, most milk alternatives contained ≤ 1% protein; therefore, they cannot be considered good protein sources. In regard to protein quality, milk was outstanding compared with all plant-based drinks and exhibited higher calculated DIAASs. Our results show that the analyzed plant-based drinks are not real alternatives to milk in terms of nutrient composition, even if the actual fortification is taken into account. Improved fortification is still an issue and can be optimized using the most bioavailable and soluble derivatives. Complete replacement of milk with plant-based drinks without adjusting the overall diet can lead to deficiencies of certain important nutrients in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Max Haldimann
- Risk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Kopf-Bolanz
- School of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Rhyn
- Risk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Otmar Zoller
- Risk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Rezzi
- Swiss Nutrition and Health Foundation, Épalinges, Switzerland
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