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Zhang C, Wang J, Yao T, Hu J, Sun F, Feng C, Sun Z, Shao Y, Wang Z, Wu J, Huang Y. Proteomic analysis across aged tissues reveals distinct signatures and the crucial involvement of midgut barrier function in the regulation of aging. Aging Cell 2024:e14344. [PMID: 39319447 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of aging is a natural phenomenon characterized by gradual deterioration in biological functions and systemic homeostasis, which can be modulated by both genetic and environmental factors. Numerous investigations conducted on model organisms, including nematodes, flies, and mice, have elucidated several pivotal aging pathways, such as insulin signaling and AMPK signaling. However, it remains uncertain whether the regulation of the aging process is uniform or diverse across different tissues and whether manipulating the same aging factor can result in consistent outcomes in various tissues. In this study, we utilize the Drosophila organism to investigate tissue-specific proteome signatures during the aging process. Although distinct proteins undergo changes in aged tissues, certain common altered functional networks are constituently identified across different tissues, including the decline of the mitochondrial ribosomal network, autophagic network, and anti-ROS defense networks. Furthermore, downregulation of insulin receptor (InR) in the midguts, muscle, and central nervous system (CNS) of flies leads to a significant extension in fly lifespans. Notably, despite manipulating the same aging gene InR, diverse alterations in proteins are observed across different tissues. Importantly, knockdown of InR in the midguts leads to a distinct proteome compared with other tissues, resulting in enhanced actin nucleation and glutathione metabolism, while attenuating age-related elevation of serine proteases. Consequently, knockdown of InR results in rejuvenation of the integrity of the midgut barrier and augmentation of anti-ROS defense capabilities. Our findings suggest that the barrier function of the midgut plays a pivotal role in defending against aging, underscoring the paramount importance of maintaining optimal gut physiology to effectively delay the aging process. Moreover, when considering age-related changes across various tissues, it is more reasonable to identify functional networks rather than focusing solely on individual proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianzhao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhuo Shao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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So RJ, Collins SL, Chan-Li Y, Lina I, Gelbard A, Motz KM, Hillel AT. A Comprehensive Flow Cytometry Panel for Analysis of Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 171:791-798. [PMID: 38606634 PMCID: PMC11349474 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a comprehensive flow cytometry panel for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS). STUDY DESIGN Controlled ex vivo cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care academic hospital in a metropolitan area. METHODS Flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed on 9 paired normal and scar tissue samples from iSGS patients. Flow cytometry was used to assess the presence of myeloid (CD11b, CD14, CD15, Siglec8), lymphoid (CD3, CD4, CD8, gamma delta [γδ], FOXP3), endothelial (CD31), fibroblast (CD90, SMA), and epithelial (CD326, CK5) markers. RESULTS On flow cytometry, iSGS scar is characterized by an increased presence of myeloid, lymphoid, endothelial, and fibroblast cell types, but a decreased presence of epithelial cells. In the myeloid lineage, iSGS scar samples demonstrated increased CD11b+ monocytes (P < .001), Siglec8+ eosinophils (P = .03), and CD14+ monocytes (P = .02). In the lymphoid lineage, iSGS scar demonstrated increased CD3+ T-cells (P < .001), CD4+ helper T-cells (P < .001), γδ+ T-cells (P < .001), and FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells (P = .002). iSGS scar exhibited specific increases in CD90+ (P = .04) and SMA+ (P < .001) fibroblasts but decreased CD326+ (E-cadherin) epithelial cells (P = .01) relative to normal samples. CONCLUSION We present a comprehensive flow cytometry panel for iSGS. This flow panel may serve as a common platform among airway scientists to elucidate the cellular mechanisms underpinning iSGS and other upper airway pathologies. Scar iSGS samples demonstrate a distinct cellular profile relative to normal iSGS specimens, exhibiting increased fibroblast, endothelial, and inflammatory cell types but decreased epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond J So
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Samuel L Collins
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yee Chan-Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ioan Lina
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexander Gelbard
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kevin M Motz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexander T Hillel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Shakhpazyan NK, Mikhaleva LM, Bedzhanyan AL, Gioeva ZV, Mikhalev AI, Midiber KY, Pechnikova VV, Biryukov AE. Exploring the Role of the Gut Microbiota in Modulating Colorectal Cancer Immunity. Cells 2024; 13:1437. [PMID: 39273009 PMCID: PMC11394638 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining immune homeostasis and influencing the immune landscape within the tumor microenvironment. This review aims to elucidate the interactions between gut microbiota and tumor immune dynamics, with a focus on colorectal cancer (CRC). The review spans foundational concepts of immuno-microbial interplay, factors influencing microbiome composition, and evidence linking gut microbiota to cancer immunotherapy outcomes. Gut microbiota modulates anti-cancer immunity through several mechanisms, including enhancement of immune surveillance and modulation of inflammatory responses. Specific microbial species and their metabolic byproducts can significantly influence the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Furthermore, microbial diversity within the gut microbiota correlates with clinical outcomes in CRC, suggesting potential as a valuable biomarker for predicting response to immunotherapy. Conclusions: Understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and tumor immune responses offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies and biomarker development. The gut microbiota not only influences the natural history and treatment response of CRC but also serves as a critical modulator of immune homeostasis and anti-cancer activity. Further exploration into the microbiome's role could enhance the effectiveness of existing treatments and guide the development of new therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay K Shakhpazyan
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkady L Bedzhanyan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Oncology II (Coloproctology and Uro-Gynecology), Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zarina V Gioeva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander I Mikhalev
- Department of Hospital Surgery No. 2, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Y Midiber
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina V Pechnikova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey E Biryukov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia
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Li Q, Liu D, Liang M, Zhu Y, Yousaf M, Wu Y. Mechanism of probiotics in the intervention of colorectal cancer: a review. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:306. [PMID: 39160377 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04112-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The human microbiome interacts with the host mainly in the intestinal lumen, where putrefactive bacteria are suggested to promote colorectal cancer (CRC). In contrast, probiotics and their isolated components and secreted substances, display anti-tumor properties due to their ability to modulate gut microbiota composition, promote apoptosis, enhance immunity, resist oxidation and alter metabolism. Probiotics help to form a solid intestinal barrier against damaging agents via altering the gut microbiota and preventing harmful microbes from colonization. Probiotic strains that specifically target essential proteins involved in the process of apoptosis can overcome CRC resistance to apoptosis. They can increase the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, essential in preventing carcinogenesis, and eliminate cancer cells by activating T cell-mediated immune responses. There is a clear indication that probiotics optimize the antioxidant system, decrease radical generation, and detect and degrade potential carcinogens. In this review, the pathogenic mechanisms of pathogens in CRC and the recent insights into the mechanism of probiotics in CRC prevention and therapy are discussed to provide a reference for the actual application of probiotics in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Minghua Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yichao Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU008), Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yaping Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Taha SR, Boulos F. E-cadherin staining in the diagnosis of lobular versus ductal neoplasms of the breast: the emperor has no clothes. Histopathology 2024. [PMID: 39138705 DOI: 10.1111/his.15295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Categorizing breast neoplasia as ductal or lobular is a daily exercise that relies on a combination of histologic and immunohistochemical tools. The historically robust link between loss of the E-cadherin molecule and lobular neoplasia has rendered staining for E-cadherin by immunohistochemistry a staple of this diagnostic process. Unfortunately, discordances between E-cadherin expression and histomorphology, and variations in E-cadherin staining patterns and intensities abound in clinical practice, but are often neglected in favour of a binary interpretation of the E-cadherin result. In this article, we highlight the complexities of E-cadherin expression through a review of the E-cadherin protein and its associated gene (CDH1), the mechanisms leading to aberrant/absent E-cadherin expression, and the implications of these factors on the reliability of the E-cadherin immunohistochemical stain in the classification of ductal versus lobular mammary neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed R Taha
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fouad Boulos
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Sun L, Xing J, Zhou X, Song X, Gao S. Wnt/β-catenin signalling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and crosslink signalling in colorectal cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116685. [PMID: 38710151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), with its significant incidence and metastatic rates, profoundly affects human health. A common oncogenic event in CRC is the aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, which drives both the initiation and progression of the disease. Persistent Wnt/β-catenin signalling facilitates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which accelerates CRC invasion and metastasis. This review provides a summary of recent molecular studies on the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling axis in regulating EMT in CRC cells, which triggers metastatic pathogenesis. We present a comprehensive examination of the EMT process and its transcriptional controllers, with an emphasis on the crucial functions of β-catenin, EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs). We also review recent evidences showing that hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signalling triggers EMT and metastatic phenotypes in CRC via "Destruction complex" of β-catenin mechanisms. Potential therapeutic and challenges approache to suppress EMT and prevent CRC cells metastasis by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signalling are also discussed. These include direct β-catenin inhibitors and novel targets of the Wnt pathway, and finally highlight novel potential combinational treatment options based on the inhibition of the Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanbiao Sun
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Jianpeng Xing
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Xuanpeng Zhou
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Xinyuan Song
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Shuohui Gao
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China.
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Daulagala AC, Cetin M, Nair-Menon J, Jimenez DW, Bridges MC, Bradshaw AD, Sahin O, Kourtidis A. The epithelial adherens junction component PLEKHA7 regulates ECM remodeling and cell behavior through miRNA-mediated regulation of MMP1 and LOX. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.28.596237. [PMID: 38853930 PMCID: PMC11160653 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.28.596237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial adherens junctions (AJs) are cell-cell adhesion complexes that are influenced by tissue mechanics, such as those emanating from the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we introduce a mechanism whereby epithelial AJs can also regulate the ECM. We show that the AJ component PLEKHA7 regulates levels and activity of the key ECM remodeling components MMP1 and LOX in well-differentiated colon epithelial cells, through the miR-24 and miR-30c miRNAs. PLEKHA7 depletion in epithelial cells results in LOX-dependent ECM remodeling in culture and in the colonic mucosal lamina propria in mice. Furthermore, PLEKHA7-depleted cells exhibit increased migration and invasion rates that are MMP1- and LOX- dependent, and form colonies in 3D cultures that are larger in size and acquire aberrant morphologies in stiffer matrices. These results reveal an AJ-mediated mechanism, through which epithelial cells drive ECM remodeling to modulate their behavior, including acquisition of phenotypes that are hallmarks of conditions such as fibrosis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Daulagala
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Metin Cetin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Joyce Nair-Menon
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Douglas W. Jimenez
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Mary Catherine Bridges
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Amy D. Bradshaw
- Department of Medicine, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Hui San S, Ching Ngai S. E-cadherin re-expression: Its potential in combating TRAIL resistance and reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Gene 2024; 909:148293. [PMID: 38373660 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The major limitation of conventional chemotherapy drugs is their lack of specificity for cancer cells. As a selective apoptosis-inducing agent, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has emerged as an attractive alternative. However, most of the cancer cells are found to be either intrinsically resistant to the TRAIL protein or may develop resistance after multiple treatments, and TRAIL resistance can induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at a later stage, promoting cancer invasion and migration. Interestingly, E-cadherin loss has been linked to TRAIL resistance and initiation of EMT, making E-cadherin re-expression a potential target to overcome these obstacles. Recent research suggests that re-expressing E-cadherin may reduce TRAIL resistance by enhancing TRAIL-induced apoptosis and preventing EMT by modulating EMT signalling factors. This reversal of EMT, can also aid in improving TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Therefore, this review provides remarkable insights into the mechanisms underlying E-cadherin re-expression, clinical implications, and potentiation, as well as the research gaps of E-cadherin re-expression in the current cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ser Hui San
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Ching Ngai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Bao M, Li S, Zhu Y, Dong X, Wang R, Jing F. CHL1 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating the NF‑κB signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:165. [PMID: 38476898 PMCID: PMC10928997 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecule close homolog of L1 (CHL1) is implicated in tumorigenesis of various malignancies. However, its role and underlying molecular mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the specific biological functions and mechanisms of CHL1, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the use of CHL1 as a biological target in CRC. CHL1 expression was originally determined in CRC cell lines. Subsequently, CHL1 overexpression was induced by plasmid transfection in HT29 and SW480 cells, and cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8, clone formation, organoids formation and Transwell assays. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were performed to assess the protein expression of E-cadherin or N-cadherin. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were further evaluated using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) in HT29 and SW480 cells following CHL1 overexpression and functional enrichment analysis. Western blotting was performed to validate the expression of proteins related to the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. The TNMplot online database revealed the significant downregulation of CHL1 in CRC tissues. The results indicated that exogenous CHL1 overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferative, organoid-forming, migratory and invasive abilities of HT29 and SW480 cells, and increased E-cadherin protein expression. Additionally, CHL1 overexpression reduced xenograft tumor growth in vivo. RNA-seq and functional analysis revealed that DEGs in CHL1 overexpressing cells were mainly enriched in the NF-κB signaling pathway. The expression of p-p65 and p-p65/p65 ratio were significantly reduced in HT29 and SW480 cells, following CHL1 overexpression. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of CHL1 overexpression on CRC cell proliferation, organoid formation, migration and invasion were partially counteracted following the overexpression of p65 expression. Overall, the present study demonstrates that CHL1 inhibits CRC cell growth, migration and invasion through the inactivation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bao
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shenglong Li
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Fangyan Jing
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xin E, Zhang Z, Ma D, Liu T, Gao F, Bian T, Sun Y, Wang M, Wang Z, Yan X, Li Y. Network pharmacology and experimental verification reveal the mechanism of Hedysari Radix and Curcumae Rhizoma with the optimal compatibility ratio against colitis-associated colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117555. [PMID: 38110130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The herb pair Astragali Radix (AR) and Curcumae Rhizoma (vinegar-processed, VPCR), derived from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) text 'Yixuezhongzhongcanxilu', have long been used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, notably colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Hedysari Radix (HR), belonging to the same Leguminosae family as AR but from a different genus, is traditionally used as a substitute for AR when paired with VPCR in the treatment of CAC. However, the optimal compatibility ratio for HR-VPCR against CAC and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the optimal compatibility ratio and underlying mechanisms of HR-VPCR against CAC using a combination of comparative pharmacodynamics, network pharmacology, and experimental verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS The efficacy of different compatibility ratios of HR-VPCR against CAC was evaluated using various indicators, including the body weight, colon length, tumor count, survival rate, disease activity index (DAI) score, Haemotoxylin and Eosin (H&E) pathological sections, inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α), tumor markers (K-Ras, p53), and intestinal permeability proteins (claudin-1, E-cadherin, mucin-2). Then, the optimal compatibility ratio of HR-VPCR against CAC was determined based on the fuzzy matter-element analysis by integrating the above indicators. After high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis for the optimal compatibility ratio of HR-VPCR, potential active components of HR-VPCR were identified by TCMSP and the previous bibliographies. Swiss Targets and GeneCards were adopted to predict the targets of the active components and the targets of CAC, respectively. Then, the common targets of HR-VPCR against CAC were obtained by Venn analysis. PPI networks were constructed in STRING. GO and KEGG enrichments were visualized by the David database. Finally, the predicted pathway was experimentally validated via Western blot. RESULTS Various compatibility ratios of HR-VPCR demonstrated notable therapeutic effects to some extent, evidenced by improvements in body weight, colon length, tumor count, pathological symptoms (DAI score), colon and organ indexes, survival rate, and modulation of inflammation factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α), as well as tumor markers (K-Ras, p53), and down-regulation of intestinal permeability proteins (claudin-1, E-cadherin, mucin-2) in CAC mice. Among these ratios, the ratio 4:1 represents the optimal compatibility ratio by the fuzzy matter-element analysis. Thirty active components of HR-VPCR were carefully selected, targeting 553 specific genes. Simultaneously, 2022 targets associated with CAC were identified. 88 common targets were identified after generating a Venn plot. Following PPI network analysis, 29 core targets were established, with AKT1 ranking highest among them. Further analysis via GO and KEGG enrichment identified the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as a potential mechanism. Experimental validation confirmed that HR-VPCR intervention effectively reversed the activated PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The optimal compatibility ratio for the HR-VPCR herb pair in alleviating CAC is 4:1. HR-VPCR exerts its effects by alleviating intestinal inflammation, improving intestinal permeability, and regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Yanjun Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Erdan Xin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Zhuanhong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Dingcai Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Feiyun Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Tiantian Bian
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Yujing Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Maomao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Xingke Yan
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Yuefeng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Standard and Quality of Chinese Medicine Research of Gansu, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process of Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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11
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Sharma N, Narang V, Sood A, Midha V, Senapati S. Reduced expression of Ankyrin-G and E-cadherin in duodenal mucosal biopsy of subjects with celiac disease. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155164. [PMID: 38324966 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Confirmatory diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) include histopathology of duodenal biopsy and tissue trans-glutaminase-IgA. Identification of tissue-specific histological markers is warranted to improve the diagnosis. A genetic study in CD identified the association of ankyrin-G that connects E-cadherin with β2-spectrin in epithelial cells of the duodenal tissue. We attempted to investigate the differential expression of ankyrin-G, E-cadherin and β2-spectrin in duodenal biopsy of CD subjects compared to non-CD controls. Duodenal tissue was collected from 83 study participants, of which 50 were CD, and 33 were non-CD controls. Whole RNA was isolated from 32 CD and 23 non-CD controls from available tissues, and differential mRNA expression was measured using real-time PCR. Tissue sections from 18 CD cases and 10 non-CD controls were immunostained using monoclonal antibodies. Tissue immunohistochemistry were evaluated for differential expression and pattern of expression. RT-PCR revealed significantly reduced expression of ankyrin-G (fold change=0.63; p=0.03) and E-cadherin (fold change=0.50; p=0.02) among CD subjects compared to non-CD controls. Tissue immunohistochemistry confirmed the reduced expression of ankyrin-G and E-cadherin in CD. Differential expression is grossly limited within the outer columnar epithelial cell layer. Expression fold change of E-cadherin was seen to partially correlate with the serum tTG level (r=0.4; p=0.04). In CD, reduced expression of two key cytoskeletal proteins (ankyrin-G and E-cadherin) in duodenum mucosa was observed, which indicates its implication in disease biology and could be tested as a tissue-specific biomarker for CD. Functional studies may unravel the specific contribution of these proteins in CD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Immunogenomics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda-151401, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Vikram Narang
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
| | - Ajit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
| | - Vandana Midha
- Department of Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
| | - Sabyasachi Senapati
- Immunogenomics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda-151401, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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12
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Jiang X, Xu Y, Fagan A, Patel B, Zhou H, Bajaj JS. Single nuclear RNA sequencing of terminal ileum in patients with cirrhosis demonstrates multi-faceted alterations in the intestinal barrier. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:25. [PMID: 38369527 PMCID: PMC10875857 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with cirrhosis have intestinal barrier dysfunction but the role of the individual cell types in human small intestine is unclear. We performed single-nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) in the pinch biopsies of terminal ileum of four age-matched men [56 years, healthy control, compensated, early (ascites and lactulose use) and advanced decompensated cirrhosis (ascites and rifaximin use)]. Cell type proportions, differential gene expressions, cell-type specific pathway analysis using IPA, and cellular crosstalk dynamics were compared. Stem cells, enterocytes and Paneth cells were lowest in advanced decompensation. Immune cells like naive CD4 + T cells were lowest while ITGAE + cells were highest in advanced decompensation patients. MECOM had lowest expression in stem cells in advanced decompensation. Defensin and mucin sulfation gene (PAPSS2) which can stabilize the mucus barrier expression were lowest while IL1, IL6 and TNF-related genes were significantly upregulated in the enterocytes, goblet, and Paneth cells in decompensated subjects. IPA analysis showed higher inflammatory pathways in enterocytes, stem, goblet, and Paneth cells in decompensated patients. Cellular crosstalk analysis showed that desmosome, protease-activated receptors, and cadherin-catenin complex interactions were most perturbed in decompensated patients. In summary, the snRNAseq of the human terminal ileum in 4 subjects (1 control and three cirrhosis) identified multidimensional alteration in the intestinal barrier with lower stem cells and altered gene expression focused on inflammation, mucin sulfation and cell-cell interactions with cirrhosis decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixian Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Andrew Fagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Bhaumik Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1220 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA.
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13
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Sittipo P, Anggradita LD, Kim H, Lee C, Hwang NS, Lee YK, Hwang Y. Cell Surface Modification-Mediated Primary Intestinal Epithelial Cell Culture Platforms for Assessing Host-Microbiota Interactions. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0004. [PMID: 38327615 PMCID: PMC10845607 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play a crucial role in regulating the symbiotic relationship between the host and the gut microbiota, thereby allowing them to modulate barrier function, mucus production, and aberrant inflammation. Despite their importance, establishing an effective ex vivo culture method for supporting the prolonged survival and function of primary IECs remains challenging. Here, we aim to develop a novel strategy to support the long-term survival and function of primary IECs in response to gut microbiota by employing mild reduction of disulfides on the IEC surface proteins with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine. Methods: Recognizing the crucial role of fibroblast-IEC crosstalk, we employed a cell surface modification strategy, establishing layer-to-layer contacts between fibroblasts and IECs. This involved combining negatively charged chondroitin sulfate on cell surfaces with a positively charged chitosan thin film between cells, enabling direct intercellular transfer. Validation included assessments of cell viability, efficiency of dye transfer, and IEC function upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Results: Our findings revealed that the layer-by-layer co-culture platform effectively facilitates the transfer of small molecules through gap junctions, providing vital support for the viability and function of primary IECs from both the small intestine and colon for up to 5 days, as evident by the expression of E-cadherin and Villin. Upon LPS treatment, these IECs exhibited a down-regulation of Villin and tight junction genes, such as E-cadherin and Zonula Occludens-1, when compared to their nontreated counterparts. Furthermore, the transcription level of Lysozyme exhibited an increase, while Mucin 2 showed a decrease in response to LPS, indicating responsiveness to bacterial molecules. Conclusions: Our study provides a layer-by-layer-based co-culture platform to support the prolonged survival of primary IECs and their features, which is important for understanding IEC function in response to the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panida Sittipo
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Laurensia Danis Anggradita
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanyoung Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsung Hwang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
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14
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Crawford MS, Ulu A, Ramirez BM, Santos AN, Chatterjee P, Canale V, Manz S, Lei H, Nordgren TM, McCole DF. Respiratory exposure to agricultural dust extract promotes increased intestinal Tnfα expression, gut barrier dysfunction, and endotoxemia in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G3-G15. [PMID: 37874654 PMCID: PMC11208027 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00297.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are responsible for the production of global greenhouse gases and harmful environmental pollutants including hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and particulate matter. Swine farmers are frequently exposed to organic dust that is proinflammatory in the lung and are thus at greater risk of developing pneumonia, asthma, and other respiratory conditions. In addition to respiratory disease, air pollutants are directly associated with altered gastrointestinal (GI) physiology and the development of GI diseases, thereby highlighting the gut-lung axis in disease progression. Instillation of hog dust extract (HDE) for 3 wk has been reported to promote the development of chronic airway inflammation in mice, however, the impact of HDE exposure on intestinal homeostasis is poorly understood. We report that 3-wk intranasal exposure of HDE is associated with increased intestinal macromolecule permeability and elevated serum endotoxin concentrations in C57BL/6J mice. In vivo studies also indicated mislocalization of the epithelial cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin, in the colon as well as an increase in the proinflammatory cytokine, Tnfα, in the proximal colon. Moreover, mRNA expression of the Paneth cell-associated marker, Lyz1, was increased the proximal colon, whereas the expression of the goblet cell marker, Muc2, was unchanged in the epithelial cells of the ileum, cecum, and distal colon. These results demonstrate that airway exposure to CAFOs dusts promote airway inflammation and modify the gastrointestinal tract to increase intestinal permeability, induce systemic endotoxemia, and promote intestinal inflammation. Therefore, this study identifies complex physiological consequences of chronic exposure to organic dusts derived from CAFOs on the gut-lung axis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Agricultural workers have a higher prevalence of occupational respiratory symptoms and are at greater risk of developing respiratory diseases. However, gastrointestinal complications have also been reported, yet the intestinal pathophysiology is understudied. This work is novel because it emphasizes the role of an inhaled environmental pollutant on the development of intestinal pathophysiological outcomes. This work will provide foundation for other studies evaluating how agricultural dusts disrupts host physiology and promotes debilitating gastrointestinal and systemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meli'sa S Crawford
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Arzu Ulu
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Briana M Ramirez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Alina N Santos
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Pritha Chatterjee
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Vinicius Canale
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Salomon Manz
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Hillmin Lei
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | - Declan F McCole
- School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
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15
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Młynarczyk G, Domian N, Kasacka I. Changes in adhesion molecules: β-catenin, E-cadherin and Galectin-3 in cells of testicular seminoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1269637. [PMID: 38144531 PMCID: PMC10739379 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1269637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The most common testicular tumors are seminomas. They are characterized by rapid growth and a very high potential for metastasis to other organs. Mutual interactions of tumor cells play an important role in the invasiveness and metastatic capacity, in which complexes of adhesion proteins play a special role. There is a lack of studies on changes in these molecules and their behaviour in testicular cancer. The aim of the study was immunohistochemical identification and evalutaion of adhesive molecules β-catenin, E-cadherin, galectin-3 in testicular cancer - seminoma. Methods Tests were performed on sections of testicular cancer - seminoma in comparison with unchanged tissue samples as a control. Material was taken from 30 patients who underwent orchiectomy. Immunohistochemistry and PCR were used to identify β-catenin, E-cadherin and galectin-3 and gene expression. Results Immunoreactivity and expression of β-catenin and E-cadherin in seminomas were markedly decreased compared to non-cancerous testicular tissue. Galectin-3 immunoreactivity was found in both control and cancerous tissue, but in different location. In non-cancerous tissue, it was localized in the cytoplasm of the cells of the seminiferous tubules, in seminomas it was localized mainly in the endothelium. The expression of the Lgals3 gene encoding galectin-3 in seminomas was slightl higher in relation to the tissue unchanged by the carcinogenetic process. Conclusions The results of the study suggest a significant role of β-catenin, E-cadherin and galectin-3 in the carcinogenesis of seminomas and may indicate new aspects of the patomechanism of seminomas formation, and thus time lead to better understand the biology of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Domian
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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16
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Bridges MC, Nair-Menon J, Risner A, Jimenez DW, Daulagala AC, Kingsley C, Davis ME, Kourtidis A. Actin-dependent recruitment of AGO2 to the zonula adherens. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar129. [PMID: 37819702 PMCID: PMC10848941 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-03-0099-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherens junctions are cadherin-based structures critical for cellular architecture. E-cadherin junctions in mature epithelial cell monolayers tether to an apical actomyosin ring to form the zonula adherens (ZA). We have previously shown that the adherens junction protein PLEKHA7 associates with and regulates the function of the core RNA interference (RNAi) component AGO2 specifically at the ZA. However, the mechanism mediating AGO2 recruitment to the ZA remained unexplored. Here, we reveal that this ZA-specific recruitment of AGO2 depends on both the structural and tensile integrity of the actomyosin cytoskeleton. We found that depletion of not only PLEKHA7, but also either of the three PLEKHA7-interacting, LIM-domain family proteins, namely LMO7, LIMCH1, and PDLIM1, results in disruption of actomyosin organization and tension, as well as disruption of AGO2 junctional localization and of its miRNA-binding ability. We also show that AGO2 binds Myosin IIB and that PLEKHA7, LMO7, LIMCH1, and PDLIM1 all disrupt interaction of AGO2 with Myosin IIB at the ZA. These results demonstrate that recruitment of AGO2 to the ZA is sensitive to actomyosin perturbations, introducing the concept of mechanosensitive RNAi machinery, with potential implications in tissue remodeling and in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Catherine Bridges
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Joyce Nair-Menon
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Alyssa Risner
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Douglas W. Jimenez
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Amanda C. Daulagala
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Christina Kingsley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Madison E. Davis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425
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17
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Xiong L, Wang K, Song M, Azad MAK, Zhu Q, Kong X. Dietary Betaine Supplementation Enhances Colonic Barrier Function through the Nrf2/Keap1 and TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways and Alters Colonic Microbiota in Bama Mini-Pigs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1926. [PMID: 38001779 PMCID: PMC10669150 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of betaine supplementation in sows and/or their offspring's diets on the redox status, immune and inflammatory levels, colonic barrier function, and colonic microbial community of offspring piglets. Thirty-six Bama mini-sows on day 3 of gestation and their weaned offspring piglets (28 d of age) were randomly allocated to the following treatments: (1) sows and their weaned offspring fed the basal diet (control group, Con group); (2) sows fed the basal diet with 3.50 kg/t betaine, and their weaned offspring fed the basal diet (sows betaine group, SB group); (3) sows fed the basal diet with 3.50 kg/t betaine, and their weaned offspring fed the basal diet with 2.50 kg/t betaine (sow-offspring betaine group, S-OB group). Six offspring piglets from each group were selected to collect plasma and colon samples on d 30, 60, and 90 after weaning. Compared with the Con group, the plasma levels of IgA, IgM, GSH-Px, and SOD during d 30-90 after weaning, IFN-α, T-AOC, and GSH on d 30 and 60 after weaning were increased, while MDA during d 30-90 after weaning was decreased in the SB and S-OB groups (p < 0.05). In addition, the plasma levels of IFN-γ on d 60 and T-AOC on d 30 after weaning were higher in the S-OB group than those in the Con group (p < 0.05). In the colon, betaine supplementation increased plasma T-AOC, GSH, and SOD levels while decreasing MDA concentration (p < 0.05). Betaine supplementation improved the colonic protein abundances of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin in offspring and activated the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway while inhibiting the TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway on d 90 after weaning. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that betaine supplementation altered colonic microbiota composition by increasing the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria in the SB group while decreasing proinflammatory-associated microbiota abundances (Tenericutes, Prevotella, and Parabacteroides) (p < 0.05). Collectively, these findings suggest that dietary betaine supplementation in sows and/or their offspring could improve offspring piglets' redox status and immune and anti-inflammatory levels and enhance the colonic barrier function by activating Nrf2/Keap1 and inhibiting TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Kai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Mingtong Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Md. Abul Kalam Azad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
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18
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Aznab M, Shahhosseini R, Safaei M, Mozaffari HR. Salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin in patients with gastrointestinal cancers: A comparative study. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1982-1987. [PMID: 38376307 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_702_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM According to the literature, high levels of salivary soluble E-cadherin may be lined to advanced stage and poor prognosis in cancers. This research aimed at comparing salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin in cases with esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. METHODS This case-control research was performed on 68 patients with gastrointestinal cancers and 57 healthy volunteers as a control group to measure salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin using ELISA kits. RESULTS The results showed a statistically significant difference between salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin in the case group, as opposed to the control group (P = 0.031). The salivary level of soluble E-cadherin in the control group was 2.138 ng/mL on average lower than that that in the case group. The median salivary level of soluble E-cadherin among cases with lymph node involvement was significantly higher compared with its median level in the control group (P = 0.049). Soluble E-cadherin salivary level and other variables, such as metastasis and cancer stage, were directly correlated, but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION According to the findings, the salivary level of soluble E-cadherin among cases with gastric cancer could be considered as a prognostic marker, but the diagnostic value of saliva could not be judged in esophageal and colorectal cancers because of small sample size, and more investigations are required for a definite conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozaffar Aznab
- Medical Oncologist-Hematologist, Department of Internal Medicine, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Safaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Francis KL, Alonge KM, Pacheco MC, Hu SJ, Krutzsch CA, Morton GJ, Schwartz MW, Scarlett JM. Diabetes exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease in mice with diet-induced obesity. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4991-5004. [PMID: 37731997 PMCID: PMC10507503 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i33.4991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes suggests a causal link between these diseases, potentially involving the effect of hyperglycemia to disrupt intestinal barrier integrity. AIM To investigate whether the deleterious impact of diabetes on the intestinal barrier is associated with increased IBD severity in a murine model of colitis in mice with and without diet-induced obesity. METHODS Mice were fed chow or a high-fat diet and subsequently received streptozotocin to induce diabetic-range hyperglycemia. Six weeks later, dextran sodium sulfate was given to induce colitis. In select experiments, a subset of diabetic mice was treated with the antidiabetic drug dapagliflozin prior to colitis onset. Endpoints included both clinical and histological measures of colitis activity as well as histochemical markers of colonic epithelial barrier integrity. RESULTS In mice given a high-fat diet, but not chow-fed animals, diabetes was associated with significantly increased clinical colitis activity and histopathologic markers of disease severity. Diabetes was also associated with a decrease in key components that regulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity (colonic mucin layer content and epithelial tight junction proteins) in diet-induced obese mice. Each of these effects of diabetes in diet-induced obese mice was ameliorated by restoring normoglycemia. CONCLUSION In obese mice, diabetes worsened clinical and pathologic outcomes of colitis via mechanisms that are reversible with treatment of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction offers a plausible mechanism linking diabetes to increased colitis severity. These findings suggest that effective diabetes management may decrease the clinical severity of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L Francis
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Kimberly M Alonge
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Maria Cristina Pacheco
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
| | - Shannon J Hu
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Cody A Krutzsch
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Gregory J Morton
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Michael W Schwartz
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Jarrad M Scarlett
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
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20
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Junjie L, Cheng G, Kangkang L, Yu L, Zhiyao Y, Xudong W, Xianmei Z, Xiaomin L. Citrus alkaline extracts improve LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis via epithelial mesenchymal transition signals. Chin Med 2023; 18:62. [PMID: 37248506 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious life threatening clinical critical illness. ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis is a common complication of ARDS. The occurrence of early pulmonary fibrosis indicates a higher incidence and mortality of multiple organ failure. LPS-induced ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis model in mice was established in this study. And we have explored the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects and molecular mechanisms of the Citrus Alkaline Extracts (CAE) in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Pulmonary fibrosis mouse model and lung epithelial cell injury model were established in this study. H&E, Masson and Sirius Red staining were used to estimate lung tissue damage. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to analyze proteins expression. Protein-protein interaction was observed by Co-Immunoprecipitation. Systemic impact of CAE on signaling pathway was examined by RNA-seq. RESULTS Through H&E, Masson and Sirius Red staining, it was convincingly indicated that therapeutic administration of CAE alleviated lung injury and fibrosis, while pretreated administration of CAE showed weak improvement. In vitro experiments showed that CAE had dual regulation to E-cadherin and N-cadherin, the important indicators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). And it was further demonstrated that CAE reversed TGF-β1-induced EMT mainly through Wnt/β-catenin, Stat3/6 and COX2/PGE2 signals. Through RNA-Seq, we discovered important mechanisms by which CAE exerts its therapeutic effect. And network pharmacology analysis demonstrated core potential targets of CAE in EMT. CONCLUSION Thus, this study provides new therapeutic effects of CAE in anti-fibrosis, and offers potential mechanisms for CAE in LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Junjie
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gu Cheng
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Luo Kangkang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Zhiyao
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wu Xudong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhou Xianmei
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Lu Xiaomin
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210004, China.
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21
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Kingsley C, Kourtidis A. Critical roles of adherens junctions in diseases of the oral mucosa. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2084320. [PMID: 35659464 PMCID: PMC10161952 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2084320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is directly exposed to a variety of environmental stimuli and contains a diverse microbiome that continuously interacts with the oral epithelium. Therefore, establishment and maintenance of the barrier function of the oral mucosa is of paramount importance for its function and for the body's overall health. The adherens junction is a cell-cell adhesion complex that is essential for epithelial barrier function. Although a considerable body of work has associated barrier disruption with oral diseases, the molecular underpinnings of these associations have not been equally investigated. This is critical, since adherens junction components also possess significant signaling roles in the cell, in addition to their architectural ones. Here, we summarize current knowledge involving adherens junction components in oral pathologies, such as cancer and oral pathogen-related diseases, while we also discuss gaps in the knowledge and opportunities for future investigation of the relationship between adherens junctions and oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kingsley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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22
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Chen M, Tong C, Wu Q, Zhong Z, He Q, Zeng L, Xiao L. 6-Shogaol Inhibits the Cell Migration of Colon Cancer by Suppressing the EMT Process Through the IKKβ/NF-κB/Snail Pathway. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231172732. [PMID: 37157810 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231172732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
6-Shogaol from ginger has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-cancer effects. Aim of the Study: To study the effects and possible mechanisms of 6-Shogaol on inhibiting the migration of colon cancer cells Caco2 and HCT116 and prove the effects on proliferation and apoptosis. Materials and methods: The cells were treated with 6-Shogaol at the concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µM, the cytotoxicity was tested by Colony formation assays and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and the Western blot was used to evaluate IKKβ/NF-κB/Snail pathway and EMT-related proteins. In addition, in order to eliminate the interference of proliferation inhibition on the experiment, Caco2 cells were treated with 6-Shogaol at the concentrations of 0, 40, and 80 µM, HCT116 cells were treated with 6-Shogaol at the concentrations of 0, 20, and 40 µM, apoptosis was measured by Annex V/PI staining, and migration was measured by Wound healing assays and Transwell test. Results: 6-Shogaol significantly inhibited the growth of cells. The maximum inhibitory concentration of half of them was 86.63 µM in Caco2 cells and 45.25 µM in HCT116 cells. At 80 µM and 40 µM concentrations, 6-Shogaol significantly promoted apoptosis of colon cancer Caco2 cells and HCT116 cells, and also significantly inhibited cell migration (P < .05). In addition, Western blot analysis showed that at 80 µM dose of 6-Shogaol significantly reduced MMP-2, N-cadherin, IKKβ, P-NF-κB and Snail expression in Caco2 cells (P < .05). 40 µM dose of 6-Shogaol significantly reduced VEGF, IKKβ, and P-NF-κB expression, and MMP-2, N-cadherin and Snail was significantly decreased at 60 µM of 6-Shogaol in HCT116 cells(P < .05). However, there was no significant change in E-cadherin in Caco2 cells, and the expression of E-cadherin protein in HCT116 cells decreased. Conclusion: This study proposes and confirms that 6-Shogaol can significantly inhibit the migration of colon cancer cells Caco2 and HCT116, and its mechanism may be produced by inhibiting EMT through IKKβ/NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway. It was also confirmed that 6-Shogaol inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of Caco2 and HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
- The Fifth Affiliated (Zhuhai) Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Chiin Tong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Qida He
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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23
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Shi F, Liu G, Lin Y, Guo CL, Han J, Chu ESH, Shi C, Li Y, Zhang H, Hu C, Liu R, He S, Guo G, Chen Y, Zhang X, Coker OO, Wong SH, Yu J, She J. Altered gut microbiome composition by appendectomy contributes to colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:530-540. [PMID: 36539569 PMCID: PMC9918431 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Appendectomy impacts the homeostasis of gut microbiome in patients. We aimed to study the role of appendectomy in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through causing gut microbial dysbiosis. Population-based longitudinal study (cohort 1, n = 129,155) showed a 73.0% increase in CRC risk among appendectomy cases throughout 20 years follow-up (Adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR) 1.73, 95% CI 1.49-2.01, P < 0.001). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal samples from cohort 2 (n = 314). Gut microbial dysbiosis in appendectomy subjects was observed with significant enrichment of 7 CRC-promoting bacteria (Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides fragilis, Veillonella dispar, Prevotella ruminicola, Prevotella fucsa, Prevotella dentalis, Prevotella denticola) and depletion of 5 beneficial commensals (Blautia sp YL58, Enterococcus hirae, Lachnospiraceae bacterium Choco86, Collinsella aerofaciens, Blautia sp SC05B48). Microbial network analysis showed increased correlation strengths among enriched bacteria and their enriched oncogenic pathways in appendectomy subjects compared to controls. Of which, B. fragilis was the centrality in the network of the enriched bacteria. We further confirmed that appendectomy promoted colorectal tumorigenesis in mice by causing gut microbial dysbiosis and impaired intestinal barrier function. Collectively, this study revealed appendectomy-induced microbial dysbiosis characterized by enriched CRC-promoting bacteria and depleted beneficial commensals, signifying that the gut microbiome may play a crucial role in CRC development induced by appendectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Shi
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Gaixia Liu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Yufeng Lin
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cosmos liutao Guo
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Han
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Eagle S. H. Chu
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengxin Shi
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Yaguang Li
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Haowei Zhang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Chenhao Hu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Ruihan Liu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Shuixiang He
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Gang Guo
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Yinnan Chen
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Olabisi Oluwabukola Coker
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sunny Hei Wong
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Junjun She
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. .,Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. .,Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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24
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Ferrone V, Bruni P, Catalano T, Selvaggi F, Cotellese R, Carlucci G, Aceto GM. Development of a SPE-HPLC-PDA Method for the Quantification of Phthalates in Bottled Water and Their Gene Expression Modulation in a Human Intestinal Cell Model. Processes (Basel) 2022; 11:45. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are ubiquitous pollutants that are currently classified as endocrine disruptor chemicals causing serious health problems. As contaminants of food and beverages, they come into contact with the epithelium of the intestinal tract. In this work, a SPE-HPLC-PDA method for the determination of phthalates in water from plastic bottles was developed and validated according to the food and drug administration (FDA) guidelines. A chromatographic separation was achieved using a mobile phase consisting of ammonium acetate buffer 10 mM pH 5 (line A) and a mixture of methanol and iso-propanol (50:50 v/v, line B) using gradient elution. Several SPE cartridges and different pH values were investigated for this study, evaluating their performance as a function of recovery. Among these parameters, pH 5 combined with the SPE sep pack C18 cartridge showed the best performance. Finally, the proposed method was applied to the analysis of real samples, which confirmed the presence of phthalates. A colonic epithelial cell model was used to evaluate the effects of these phthalates at the concentrations found in water from plastic bottles. In cells exposed to phthalates, the increased expression of factors, which control the signaling pathways necessary for intestinal epithelium homeostasis, inflammatory response, and stress was detected. The proposed method falls fully within the limits imposed by the guidelines with precision (RSD%) below 7.1% and accuracy (BIAS%) within −4.2 and +6.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pantaleone Bruni
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Teresa Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federico Selvaggi
- SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL2 Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, Unit of Surgery, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Villa Serena Foundation for Research, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gitana Maria Aceto
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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25
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Relationship between Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Colorectal Liver Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416197. [PMID: 36555840 PMCID: PMC9783529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is the most common metastatic site in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Indeed, 25-30% of the cases develop colorectal liver metastasis (CLM), showing an extremely poor 5-year survival rate and resistance to conventional anticancer therapies. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) provide a nurturing microenvironment for CRC metastasis, promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the TGF-β signaling pathway, thus driving tumor cells to acquire mesenchymal properties that allow them to migrate from the primary tumor and invade the new metastatic site. EMT is known to contribute to the disruption of blood vessel integrity and the generation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), thus being closely related to high metastatic potential in numerous solid cancers. Despite the fact that it is well-recognized that the crosstalk between tumor cells and the inflammatory microenvironment is crucial in the EMT process, the association between the EMT and the role of TAMs is still poorly understood. In this review, we elaborated on the role that TAMs exert in the induction of EMT during CLM development. Since TAMs are the major source of TGF-β in the liver, we also focused on novel insights into their role in TGF-β-induced EMT.
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26
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Li X, Chen H, Zhang D. Discoidin domain receptor 1 may be involved in biological barrier homeostasis. J Clin Pharm Ther 2022; 47:2397-2407. [PMID: 35665520 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the pathological processes of several diseases, such as keloid formation, renal fibrosis, atherosclerosis, tumours, and inflammatory processes. The biological barrier is the first line of defence against pathogens, and its disruption is closely related to diseases. In this review, we attempt to elucidate the relationship between DDR1 and the biological barrier, explore the potential biological value of DDR1, and review the current research status and clinical potential of DDR1-selective inhibitors. METHODS We conducted an extensive literature search on PubMed to collect studies on the relevance of DDR1 to biological barriers and DDR1-selective inhibitors. With these studies, we explored the relationship between DDR1 and biological barriers and briefly reviewed representative DDR1-selective inhibitors that have been reported in recent years. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION First, the review of the potential mechanisms by which DDR1 regulates biological barriers, including the epithelial, vascular, glomerular filtration, blood-labyrinth, and blood-brain barriers. In the body, DDR1 dysfunction and aberrant expression may be involved in the homeostasis of the biological barrier. Secondly, the review of DDR1 inhibitors reported in recent years shows that DDR1-targeted inhibition is an attractive and promising pharmacological intervention. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSIONS This review shows that DDR1 is involved in various physiological and pathological processes and in the regulation of biological barrier homeostasis. However, studies on DDR1 and biological barriers are still scarce, and further studies are needed to elucidate their specific mechanisms. The development of targeted inhibitors provides a new direction and idea to study the mechanism of DDR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huiling Chen
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LanZhou University Second Hospital, LanZhou University, Lanzhou, China
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27
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D'Auria E, Acunzo M, Salvatore S, Grazi R, Agosti M, Vandenplas Y, Zuccotti G. Biotics in atopic diseases: state of the art and future perspectives. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2022; 74:688-702. [PMID: 36149096 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.22.07010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of allergic diseases has growing in recent decades, being a significant burden for patients and their families. Different environmental factors, acting in early life, can significantly affect the timing and diversity of bacterial colonization and the immune system development. Growing evidence points to a correlation between early life microbial perturbation and development of allergic diseases. Besides, changes in the microbiota in one body site may influence other microbiota communities at distance by different mechanisms, including microbial-derived metabolites, mainly the short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Hence, there has been an increasing interest on the role of "biotics" (probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics and postbiotics) in shaping dysbiosis and modulating allergic risk. Systemic type 2 inflammation is emerging as a common pathogenetic pathway of allergic diseases, intertwining communication with the gut mcirobiota. The aim of this review was to provide an update overview of the current knowledge of biotics in prevention and treatment of allergic diseases, also addressing research gaps which need to be filled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza D'Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy -
| | - Miriam Acunzo
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Salvatore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Insubria, F. Del Ponte Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberta Grazi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Agosti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Insubria, F. Del Ponte Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Yvan Vandenplas
- KidZ Health Castle, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Koh YC, Tsai YW, Lee PS, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT, Pan MH. Amination Potentially Augments the Ameliorative Effect of Curcumin on Inhibition of the IL-6/Stat3/c-Myc Pathway and Gut Microbial Modulation in Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14744-14754. [PMID: 36368792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate and tetrahydrocurcumin are aminated as colonic metabolites, preserving their bioactivities and improving their capabilities. We compared the bioactivities of unaminated (CUR) and aminated (AC) curcumin in inflammatory colitis-associated tumorigenesis. The anti-inflammatory and anticancer capabilities of CUR and AC were evaluated using RAW264.7 and HT29 cell lines, respectively. An azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis mouse model was used with CUR and two-dose AC interventions. AC had a greater anti-inflammatory effect but a similar anticancer effect as CUR in vitro. CUR and low-dose AC (LAC) significantly preserved colon length and reduced tumor number in vivo. Both CUR and LAC inhibited activation of the protein kinase B (AKT)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, its downstream cytokines, and the interleukin (IL)-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/c-myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-MYC) pathway. However, only LAC significantly preserved E-cadherin, reduced N-cadherin, and facilitated beneficial gut microbial growth, including Akkermansia and Bacteroides, potentially explaining AC's better ameliorative effect at low than high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Tsai
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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29
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Daulagala AC, Kourtidis A. ECM Substrates Impact RNAi Localization at Adherens Junctions of Colon Epithelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:3740. [PMID: 36497003 PMCID: PMC9737857 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays crucial roles in tissue homeostasis. Abnormalities in ECM composition are associated with pathological conditions, such as fibrosis and cancer. These ECM alterations are sensed by the epithelium and can influence its behavior through crosstalk with other mechanosensitive complexes, including the adherens junctions (AJs). We have previously shown that the AJs, through their component PLEKHA7, recruit the RNAi machinery to regulate miRNA levels and function. We have particularly shown that the junctional localization of RNAi components is critical for their function. Here, we investigated whether different ECM substrates can influence the junctional localization of RNAi complexes. To do this, we plated colon epithelial Caco2 cells on four key ECM substrates found in the colon under normal or pathogenic conditions, namely laminin, fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen IV, and we examined the subcellular distribution of PLEKHA7, and of the key RNAi components AGO2 and DROSHA. Fibronectin and collagen I negatively impacted the junctional localization of PLEKHA7, AGO2, and DROSHA when compared to laminin. Furthermore, fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen IV disrupted interactions of AGO2 and DROSHA with their essential partners GW182 and DGCR8, respectively, both at AJs and throughout the cell. Combinations of all substrates with fibronectin also negatively impacted junctional localization of PLEKHA7 and AGO2. Additionally, collagen I triggered accumulation of DROSHA at tri-cellular junctions, while both collagen I and collagen IV resulted in DROSHA accumulation at basal areas of cell-cell contact. Altogether, fibronectin and collagens I and IV, which are elevated in the stroma of fibrotic and cancerous tissues, altered localization patterns and disrupted complex formation of PLEKHA7 and RNAi components. Combined with our prior studies showing that apical junctional localization of the PLEKHA7-RNAi complex is critical for regulating tumor-suppressing miRNAs, this work points to a yet unstudied mechanism that could contribute to epithelial cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Bücker L, Lehmann U. CDH1 (E-cadherin) Gene Methylation in Human Breast Cancer: Critical Appraisal of a Long and Twisted Story. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184377. [PMID: 36139537 PMCID: PMC9497067 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Genes can be inactivated by specific modifications of DNA bases, most often by adding a methyl group to the DNA base cytosine if it is followed by guanosine (CG methylation). This modification prevents gene expression and has been reported for many different genes in nearly all types of cancer. A prominent example is the gene CDH1, which encodes the cell-adhesion molecule E-cadherin. This is an important player in the spreading of tumor cells within the body (metastasis). Particularly in human breast cancer, many different research groups have studied the inactivation of the CDH1 gene via DNA methylation using various methods. Over the last 20 years, different, in part, even contradicting results have been published for the CDH1 gene in breast cancer. This review summarizes the most important publications and explains the bewildering heterogeneity of results through careful analysis of the methods which have been used. Abstract Epigenetic inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene by aberrant DNA methylation is a well-established defect in human tumor cells, complementing genetic inactivation by mutation (germline or somatic). In human breast cancer, aberrant gene methylation has diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive potential. A prominent example is the hypermethylation of the CDH1 gene, encoding the adhesion protein E-Cadherin (“epithelial cadherin”). In numerous publications, it is reported as frequently affected by gene methylation in human breast cancer. However, over more than two decades of research, contradictory results concerning CDH1 gene methylation in human breast cancer accumulated. Therefore, we review the available evidence for and against the role of DNA methylation of the CDH1 gene in human breast cancer and discuss in detail the methodological reasons for conflicting results, which are of general importance for the analysis of aberrant DNA methylation in human cancer specimens. Since the loss of E-cadherin protein expression is a hallmark of invasive lobular breast cancer (ILBC), special attention is paid to CDH1 gene methylation as a potential mechanism for loss of expression in this special subtype of human breast cancer. Proper understanding of the methodological basis is of utmost importance for the correct interpretation of results supposed to demonstrate the presence and clinical relevance of aberrant DNA methylation in cancer specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrich Lehmann
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)511-532-4501; Fax: +49-(0)511-532-5799
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Wu X, Chen H, Gao X, Gao H, He Q, Li G, Yao J, Liu Z. Natural Herbal Remedy Wumei Decoction Ameliorates Intestinal Mucosal Inflammation by Inhibiting Th1/Th17 Cell Differentiation and Maintaining Microbial Homeostasis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:1061-1071. [PMID: 35092428 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has shown that the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Wumei decoction (WMD) has a protective effect on ulcerative colitis. Here, we studied the anti-inflammatory effects and potential mechanisms of WMD on chronic colitis in mice. METHODS A dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis model and CD45RBhighCD4+ T cell transfer model were established in mice. Body weight, Disease Activity Index, and colon length were assessed, and histopathology was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Colon tissue samples were collected to detect the frequencies of various immune cells, expression of cytokines, and tight junction-related proteins using flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing was performed to distinguish differential microbiota of fecal samples. RESULTS Severe chronic colitis was observed in mice after DSS exposure and in Rag1-/- mice reconstituted with CD45RBhighCD4+ T cells, as manifested by weight loss, hematochezia, and shortening and thickening of the colon, which were reversed by WMD treatment. WMD markedly suppressed intestinal mucosal CD4+ T cell differentiation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (eg, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, interferon γ, and IL-17A) by flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Moreover, WMD promoted the expression of occludin, zonula occludens-1, and E-cadherin, thereby maintaining the epithelial barrier function. Additionally, 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing revealed that WMD regulated the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in CD45RBhighCD4+ T cell-reconstituted Rag1-/- mice, evidenced by an increase of Allobaculum and Bacteroides and a decrease of Ileibacterium. CONCLUSIONS WMD ameliorates chronic colitis in mice induced by DSS or reconstituted with CD45RBhighCD4+ T cells through suppressing Th1/Th17 cell differentiation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, maintaining epithelial barrier function, and improving the dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wu
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Gao
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong He
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengfeng Li
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Division of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Tomassetti A. Editorial to the Special Issue “Activations of Cadherin Signaling in Cancer”. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137022. [PMID: 35806026 PMCID: PMC9266632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The major object of this Editorial is to briefly put into context the processes, occurring during tumor onset and progression, and the biological mechanisms mediated by cadherins described in the review and research articles included in the Special Issue entitled "Activations of Cadherin Signaling in Cancer" [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tomassetti
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
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33
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The role of microbiota in colorectal cancer. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:683-691. [PMID: 35534716 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00978-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important causes of death throughout the world, and the mortality rate is increasing significantly due to the aging of the population. One of the most common types of cancer is colorectal cancer (CRC). Human microbial ecosystems use metabolism to make important impacts on the body physiology. An intensive literature review was made to investigate the correlations between human gut microbiota and the incidence of CRC. The results of these studies show that there are differences in the composition of microbiota between CRC patients and normal people and the microorganisms in CRC patients are very different from healthy individuals. Therefore, changes in the microbiome can be used as a biomarker for the early detection of CRC. On the other hand, the intestinal flora is may be act as a powerful weapon against CRC in the future.
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Liu C, Yan X, Zhang Y, Yang M, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Tu K, Zhang M. Oral administration of turmeric-derived exosome-like nanovesicles with anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving bioactions for murine colitis therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:206. [PMID: 35488343 PMCID: PMC9052603 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01421-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by diffuse inflammation of the colonic mucosa and a relapsing and remitting course. The current therapeutics are only modestly effective and carry risks for unacceptable adverse events, and thus more effective approaches to treat UC is clinically needed. RESULTS For this purpose, turmeric-derived nanoparticles with a specific population (TDNPs 2) were characterized, and their targeting ability and therapeutic effects against colitis were investigated systematically. The hydrodynamic size of TDNPs 2 was around 178 nm, and the zeta potential was negative (- 21.7 mV). Mass spectrometry identified TDNPs 2 containing high levels of lipids and proteins. Notably, curcumin, the bioactive constituent of turmeric, was evidenced in TDNPs 2. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammation, TDNPs 2 showed excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In mice colitis models, we demonstrated that orally administrated of TDNPs 2 could ameliorate mice colitis and accelerate colitis resolution via regulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and antioxidant gene, HO-1. Results obtained from transgenic mice with NF-κB-RE-Luc indicated that TDNPs 2-mediated inactivation of the NF-κB pathway might partially contribute to the protective effect of these particles against colitis. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that TDNPs 2 from edible turmeric represent a novel, natural colon-targeting therapeutics that may prevent colitis and promote wound repair in colitis while outperforming artificial nanoparticles in terms of low toxicity and ease of large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangji Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mei Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yana Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA.
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Bhattacharyya S, Mote RD, Freimer JW, Tiwari M, Singh SB, Arumugam S, Narayana YV, Rajan R, Subramanyam D. Cell-cell adhesions in embryonic stem cells regulate the stability and transcriptional activity of β-catenin. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1647-1660. [PMID: 35344589 PMCID: PMC10156795 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin (CDH1) is involved in maintaining cell-cell adhesions in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, its function in the context of cell fate decisions is largely unknown. Using mouse ESCs (mESCs), we demonstrate that E-cadherin and β-catenin interact at the membrane and continue to do so upon internalization within the cell. Cdh1-/- mESCs failed to form tight colonies, with altered differentiation marker expression, and retention of pluripotency factors during differentiation. Interestingly, Cdh1-/- mESCs showed dramatically reduced β-catenin levels. Transcriptional profiling of Cdh1-/- mESCs displayed a significant alteration in the expression of a subset of β-catenin targets in a cell state- and GSK3β-dependent manner. Our findings hint at hitherto unknown roles played by E-cadherin in regulating the activity of β-catenin in ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinjini Bhattacharyya
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Ridim D Mote
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Jacob W Freimer
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Mahak Tiwari
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Surya Bansi Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | | | - Yadavalli V Narayana
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Raghav Rajan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, 411008
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Li H, Hu X, Cheng C, Lu M, Huang L, Dou H, Zhang Y, Wang T. Ribosome production factor 2 homolog promotes migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via AKT/Gsk-3β signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 597:52-57. [PMID: 35123266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, and its prognosis is closely related to the degree of tumor invasion and metastasis. Ribosome production factor 2 homolog (RPF2) plays an important role in the process of ribosome biogenesis; however, its biological function in the progression of malignant tumors including CRC remains unknown. It was found that RPF2 expression was significantly higher in CRC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissue, using mRNA chip technology. This study aimed to explore the role of RPF2 in the invasion and migration of CRC cells and investigate its probable molecular mechanism. The results demonstrated that RPF2 is not only highly expressed in CRC tissues and cell lines but can also activate the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway through direct interaction with CARM1, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and consequently enhancing the migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we speculated that RPF2 may become a novel therapeutic target for suppression of local invasion and distant metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China; Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China
| | - Xingqian Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China
| | - Cong Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China
| | - Macheng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China
| | - Longchang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China
| | - Huiqiang Dou
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, China.
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Brice DP, Murray GI, Wilson HM, Porter RJ, Berry S, Durum SK, McLean MH. Interleukin-27 Regulates the Function of the Gastrointestinal Epithelial Barrier in a Human Tissue-Derived Organoid Model. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030427. [PMID: 35336801 PMCID: PMC8945023 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A treatment with direct healing effects on the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier is desirable for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is an immunoregulatory cytokine, and oral delivery is an effective treatment in murine models of IBD. We aimed to define IL-27 effects on the human gastrointestinal epithelial barrier. We characterised gene and protein expression of permeability mediators in a human colon-derived organoid model. Functional permeability was determined in an organoid-derived 2D monolayer by transepithelial electrical resistance. IL-27 effects on epithelial innate immune responses were assessed through expression of cytokines, anti-microbial peptides and MUC genes. IL-27 effects on wound healing and proliferation were determined in human colon epithelial cell lines. IL-27 led to restoration of permeability regulation following inflammatory cytokine insult (p = 0.001), associated with differential expression of tight junction mediators with decrease in claudin 2 (p = 0.024) and increase in claudin 4 (p < 0.001), E-cadherin (p < 0.001) and zona occludens (p = 0.0014). IL-27 evoked differential gene expression of epithelial-derived innate immune responses (reduced IL1B and IL18, and increased IL33, HBD1, MUC1 and MUC2; p < 0.012). IL-27 induced epithelial barrier wound healing through restitution (p < 0.001), and increased proliferation (p < 0.001) following injury. Overall, IL-27 provokes mucosal healing of the human gastrointestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Brice
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.B.); (G.I.M.); (H.M.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Graeme I. Murray
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.B.); (G.I.M.); (H.M.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Heather M. Wilson
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.B.); (G.I.M.); (H.M.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Ross J. Porter
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Susan Berry
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.B.); (G.I.M.); (H.M.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Scott K. Durum
- Cytokines and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Mairi H. McLean
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Correspondence:
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Arciniega-Martínez IM, Reséndiz Albor AA, Cárdenas Jaramillo LM, Gutiérrez-Meza JM, Falfán-Valencia R, Mendoza Arroyo B, Yépez-Ortega M, Pacheco-Yépez J, Abarca-Rojano E. CD4 +/IL‑4 + lymphocytes of the lamina propria and substance P promote colonic protection during acute stress. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:63. [PMID: 34958108 PMCID: PMC8767552 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Life stress may influence symptom onset and severity in certain gastrointestinal disorders in association with a dysregulated intestinal barrier. It has been widely accepted that stress triggers the hypothalamus‑pituitary‑adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing corticosterone, which promotes intestinal permeability. In response, colonic inflammation alters mucosal immune homeostasis and destroys the colonic architecture, leading to severe intestinal diseases. Endogenous substance P (SP) does not inhibit the initial extent of the HPA axis response to restraint stress, but it reduces the duration of the stress, suggesting that SP plays an important role in the transition between acute and chronic stress. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of two groups of mice exposed to stress, including acute and chronic stress. The corticosterone was evaluated by ELISA, colon samples were obtained to detected polymorphonuclear cells by hematoxylin and eosin staining, goblet and mast cells were identified by immunocytochemistry and cytokine‑producing CD4+ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry assays, adhesion proteins in the colon epithelium by western blotting and serum SP levels by ELISA. The results demonstrated an increase in the number of polymorphonuclear, goblet and mast cells, a decrease in claudin‑1 expression and an elevation in E‑cadherin expression during acute stress. Increased E‑cadherin expression was also detected during chronic stress. Moreover, it was found that acute stress caused a shift towards a predominantly anti‑inflammatory immune response (T helper 2 cells), as shown by the increase in the percentage of CD4+/IL‑6+ and CD4+/IL4+ lymphocytes in the lamina propria and the increase in serum SP. In conclusion, this response promoted colonic protection during acute stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Maciel Arciniega-Martínez
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
| | - Aldo Arturo Reséndiz Albor
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
| | - Luz María Cárdenas Jaramillo
- Morphology Coordination, Department of Basic Disciplinary Training, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
| | - Juan Manuel Gutiérrez-Meza
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
- Morphology Coordination, Department of Basic Disciplinary Training, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080 Mexico City, México
| | - Belen Mendoza Arroyo
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
| | - Mariazell Yépez-Ortega
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
| | - Judith Pacheco-Yépez
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
| | - Edgar Abarca-Rojano
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico City, México
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Biomarkers to Detect Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020255. [PMID: 35203465 PMCID: PMC8869393 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The high incidence and the acceleration of incidence in younger people reinforces the need for better techniques of early detection. The use of noninvasive biomarkers has potential to more accurately inform how patients are prioritised for clinical investigation, which, in turn, may ultimately translate into improved survival for those subsequently found to have curable-stage CRC. This review surveys a wide range of CRC biomarkers that may (alone or in combination) identify symptomatic patients presenting in primary care who should be progressed for clinical investigation.
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Sun JK, Zhang Q, Shen X, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhou SM, Mu XW. Integrin αEβ7 is involved in the intestinal barrier injury of sepsis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:780-788. [PMID: 35042191 PMCID: PMC8833114 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: IL-9-producing CD4(+) T (Th9) cell was related to acute intestinal barrier injury in sepsis. Integrin αEβ7 was an important lymphocyte homing receptor on the surface of intestinal Th9 cells. However, the roles of αEβ7 in the intestinal injury caused by Th9 cells were not clear in sepsis. Methods: To investigate the roles of αEβ7 in the intestinal injury caused by Th9 cells in sepsis model, the Th9 cells percentages, αEβ7, E-cadherin, IL-9, and D-lactate levels in both serum and intestinal tissue were measured. The intestinal histopathology, epithelium apoptosis, and mucosal permeability measurement were also performed. The survival rate of septic rats was recorded daily for 14 days. Results: Rats were assigned to four cohorts: control cohort, sepsis cohort, sepsis+αEβ7i (αEβ7 inhibition) cohort, and sepsis+αEβ7e (αEβ7 overexpression) cohort. The Th9 cells percentages, αEβ7, IL-9, and D-lactate levels of the sepsis cohort were significantly higher than those of the control cohort. The levels of these variables were also elevated progressively in the sepsis+αEβ7i cohort, sepsis cohort, and sepsis+αEβ7e cohort. The E-cadherin levels were decreased progressively in the control cohort, sepsis+αEβ7i cohort, sepsis cohort, and sepsis+αEβ7e cohort. Moreover, αEβ7 overexpression could decrease the 14-day survival rate. The findings of histopathology staining, apoptosis detection, and intestinal permeability test also confirmed that the barrier injury was deteriorated or relieved by elevating or decreasing the αEβ7 expression levels, respectively. Conclusions: Integrin αEβ7 was closely associated with the intestinal barrier injury caused by Th9 lymphocytes in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Kui Sun
- Department of Geriatrics Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province People's Hospital), Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province People's Hospital), Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province People's Hospital), Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Su-Ming Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province People's Hospital), Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin-Wei Mu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
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Kourtidis A, Dighera B, Risner A, Hackemack R, Nikolaidis N. Origin and Evolution of the Multifaceted Adherens Junction Component Plekha7. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:856975. [PMID: 35399503 PMCID: PMC8983885 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.856975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plekha7 is a key adherens junction component involved in numerous functions in mammalian cells. Plekha7 is the most studied member of the PLEKHA protein family, which includes eight members with diverse functions. However, the evolutionary history of Plekha7 remains unexplored. Here, we outline the phylogeny and identify the origins of this gene and its paralogs. We show that Plekha7, together with Plekha4, Plekha5, and Plekha6, belong to a subfamily that we name PLEKHA4/5/6/7. This subfamily is distinct from the other Plekha proteins, which form two additional separate subfamilies, namely PLEKHA1/2 and PLEKHA3/8. Sequence, phylogenetic, exon-intron organization, and syntenic analyses reveal that the PLEKHA4/5/6/7 subfamily is represented by a single gene in invertebrates, which remained single in the last common ancestor of all chordates and underwent gene duplications distinctly in jawless and jawed vertebrates. In the latter species, a first round of gene duplications gave rise to the Plekha4/7 and Plekha5/6 pairs and a second round to the four extant members of the subfamily. These observations are consistent with the 1R/2R hypothesis of vertebrate genome evolution. Plekha7 and Plekha5 also exist in two copies in ray-finned fishes, due to the Teleostei-specific whole genome duplication. Similarities between the vertebrate Plekha4/5/6/7 members and non-chordate sequences are restricted to their N-terminal PH domains, whereas similarities across the remaining protein molecule are only sporadically found among few invertebrate species and are limited to the coiled-coil and extreme C-terminal ends. The vertebrate Plekha4/5/6/7 proteins contain extensive intrinsically disordered domains, which are topologically and structurally conserved in all chordates, but not in non-chordate invertebrates. In summary, our study sheds light on the origins and evolution of Plekha7 and the PLEKHA4/5/6/7 subfamily and unveils new critical information suitable for future functional studies of this still understudied group of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Bryan Dighera
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
| | - Alyssa Risner
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Rob Hackemack
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
| | - Nikolas Nikolaidis
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
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Candida tropicalis Infection Modulates the Gut Microbiome and Confers Enhanced Susceptibility to Colitis in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:901-923. [PMID: 34890843 PMCID: PMC8804274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We previously showed that abundance of Candida tropicalis is significantly greater in Crohn's disease patients compared with first-degree relatives without Crohn's disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effects and mechanisms of action of C tropicalis infection on intestinal inflammation and injury in mice. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with C tropicalis, and colitis was induced by administration of dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water. Disease severity and intestinal permeability subsequently were evaluated by endoscopy, histology, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, as well as 16S ribosomal RNA and NanoString analyses (NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA). RESULTS Infected mice showed more severe colitis, with alterations in gut mucosal helper T cells (Th)1 and Th17 cytokine expression, and an increased frequency of mesenteric lymph node-derived group 2 innate lymphoid cells compared with uninfected controls. Gut microbiome composition, including changes in the mucin-degrading bacteria, Akkermansia muciniphila and Ruminococcus gnavus, was altered significantly, as was expression of several genes affecting intestinal epithelial homeostasis in isolated colonoids, after C tropicalis infection compared with uninfected controls. In line with these findings, fecal microbiome transplantation of germ-free recipient mice using infected vs uninfected donors showed altered expression of several tight-junction proteins and increased susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS C tropicalis induces dysbiosis that involves changes in the presence of mucin-degrading bacteria, leading to altered tight junction protein expression with increased intestinal permeability and followed by induction of robust Th1/Th17 responses, which ultimately lead to an accelerated proinflammatory phenotype in experimental colitic mice.
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Sluysmans S, Méan I, Xiao T, Boukhatemi A, Ferreira F, Jond L, Mutero A, Chang CJ, Citi S. PLEKHA5, PLEKHA6, and PLEKHA7 bind to PDZD11 to target the Menkes ATPase ATP7A to the cell periphery and regulate copper homeostasis. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar34. [PMID: 34613798 PMCID: PMC8693958 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-07-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper homeostasis is crucial for cellular physiology and development, and its dysregulation leads to disease. The Menkes ATPase ATP7A plays a key role in copper efflux, by trafficking from the Golgi to the plasma membrane upon cell exposure to elevated copper, but the mechanisms that target ATP7A to the cell periphery are poorly understood. PDZD11 interacts with the C-terminus of ATP7A, which contains sequences involved in ATP7A trafficking, but the role of PDZD11 in ATP7A localization is unknown. Here we identify PLEKHA5 and PLEKHA6 as new interactors of PDZD11 that bind to the PDZD11 N-terminus through their WW domains similarly to the junctional protein PLEKHA7. Using CRISPR-KO kidney epithelial cells, we show by immunofluorescence microscopy that WW-PLEKHAs (PLEKHA5, PLEKHA6, PLEKHA7) recruit PDZD11 to distinct plasma membrane localizations and that they are required for the efficient anterograde targeting of ATP7A to the cell periphery in elevated copper conditions. Pull-down experiments show that WW-PLEKHAs promote PDZD11 interaction with the C-terminus of ATP7A. However, WW-PLEKHAs and PDZD11 are not necessary for ATP7A Golgi localization in basal copper, ATP7A copper-induced exit from the Golgi, and ATP7A retrograde trafficking to the Golgi. Finally, measuring bioavailable and total cellular copper, metallothionein-1 expression, and cell viability shows that WW-PLEKHAs and PDZD11 are required for maintaining low intracellular copper levels when cells are exposed to elevated copper. These data indicate that WW-PLEKHAs-PDZD11 complexes regulate the localization and function of ATP7A to promote copper extrusion in elevated copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Sluysmans
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Méan
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tong Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Amina Boukhatemi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Ferreira
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Jond
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Annick Mutero
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Sandra Citi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Vu V, Muthuramalingam K, Singh V, Hyun C, Kim YM, Unno T, Cho M. Effects of β-glucan, probiotics, and synbiotics on obesity-associated colitis and hepatic manifestations in C57BL/6J mice. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:793-807. [PMID: 34561722 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Probiotics and prebiotics are commonly used to improve the gut microbiota. Since prebiotics can support the growth of probiotics, co-administration of these is called synbiotics. It has been demonstrated that obesity-induced gut dysbiosis can worsen inflammatory bowel disease symptoms. This study evaluated how modulation of gut microbiota with Schizophyllum commune-derived β-glucan (BG), probiotics (PRO), and synbiotics containing both BG and PRO (SYN) could improve the symptoms of obesity-associated colitis and hepatic manifestation. METHODS Mice were fed a normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD with different additives (BG, PRO, and SYN) for 12 weeks, followed by 5 days of colitis induction. Mice were sacrificed before and after colitis induction. During the experiment, body weight, food and water consumption, and rectal bleeding were monitored. Proteins from the colon were subjected to western blotting, and serum biomarkers such as alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, and total cholesterol were analyzed. Colon and liver samples were sectioned for histological analysis. The fecal microbiota was analyzed based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. RESULTS Although BG and PRO secured intestinal tight junctions, these two treatments did not modulate inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory markers (i.e., IL-6 and TNF-α). In contrast, SYN demonstrated stronger and broader effects in reducing colonic inflammation. While BG treatment increased the abundance of indigenous Lactobacillus, PRO treatment decreased bacterial diversity by suppressing the growth of several species of bacteria. SYN treatment groups, however, supported the growth of both indigenous and supplemented bacteria while maintaining bacterial diversity. CONCLUSION Obesity-associated colitis can be improved by modulating gut bacteria with β-glucan and probiotics. The co-administration of both outperformed β-glucan and probiotic treatment alone by fostering both indigenous and supplemented probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuong Vu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63241, Republic of Korea
| | - Karthika Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Vineet Singh
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Changlim Hyun
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, South Korea
| | - Young Mee Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea. .,Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moonjae Cho
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63241, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Medical Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63241, Republic of Korea.
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Stokowa-Sołtys K, Wojtkowiak K, Jagiełło K. Fusobacterium nucleatum - Friend or foe? J Inorg Biochem 2021; 224:111586. [PMID: 34425476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is one of the most abundant Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, part of the gut, and oral commensal flora, generally found in human dental plaque. Its presence could be associated with various human diseases, including, e.g., periodontal, angina, lung and gynecological abscesses. This bacteria can enter the blood circulation as a result of periodontal infection. It was proven that F. nucleatum migrates from its primary site of colonization in the oral cavity to other parts of the body. It could cause numerous diseases, including cancers. On the other hand, it was shown that Fusobacterium produces significant amounts of butyric acid, which is a great source of energy for colonocytes (anti-inflammatory cells). Therefore, it is very interesting to get to know the two faces of F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Stokowa-Sołtys
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Wojtkowiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Jagiełło
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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Dakhel S, Davies WIL, Joseph JV, Tomar T, Remeseiro S, Gunhaga L. Chick fetal organ spheroids as a model to study development and disease. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:37. [PMID: 34225662 PMCID: PMC8256237 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-021-00374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organ culture models have been used over the past few decades to study development and disease. The in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture system of organoids is well known, however, these 3D systems are both costly and difficult to culture and maintain. As such, less expensive, faster and less complex methods to maintain 3D cell culture models would complement the use of organoids. Chick embryos have been used as a model to study human biology for centuries, with many fundamental discoveries as a result. These include cell type induction, cell competence, plasticity and contact inhibition, which indicates the relevance of using chick embryos when studying developmental biology and disease mechanisms. RESULTS Here, we present an updated protocol that enables time efficient, cost effective and long-term expansion of fetal organ spheroids (FOSs) from chick embryos. Utilizing this protocol, we generated FOSs in an anchorage-independent growth pattern from seven different organs, including brain, lung, heart, liver, stomach, intestine and epidermis. These three-dimensional (3D) structures recapitulate many cellular and structural aspects of their in vivo counterpart organs and serve as a useful developmental model. In addition, we show a functional application of FOSs to analyze cell-cell interaction and cell invasion patterns as observed in cancer. CONCLUSION The establishment of a broad ranging and highly effective method to generate FOSs from different organs was successful in terms of the formation of healthy, proliferating 3D organ spheroids that exhibited organ-like characteristics. Potential applications of chick FOSs are their use in studies of cell-to-cell contact, cell fusion and tumor invasion under defined conditions. Future studies will reveal whether chick FOSs also can be applicable in scientific areas such as viral infections, drug screening, cancer diagnostics and/or tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soran Dakhel
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wayne I L Davies
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Justin V Joseph
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tushar Tomar
- PamGene International B.V, Wolvenhoek 10, 5211 HH, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Remeseiro
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lena Gunhaga
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
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Hao P, Huang Y, Peng J, Yu J, Guo X, Bao F, Dian Z, An S, Xu TR. IRS4 promotes the progression of non-small cell lung cancer and confers resistance to EGFR-TKI through the activation of PI3K/Akt and Ras-MAPK pathways. Exp Cell Res 2021; 403:112615. [PMID: 33894221 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IRS4 is a member of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) protein family. It acts as a cytoplasmic adaptor protein, integrating and transmitting signals from receptor protein tyrosine kinases to the intracellular environment. IRS4 can induce mammary tumorigenesis and is usually overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, little is known about the role of IRS4 in the development and progression of lung cancer. In this study, we show that IRS4 knockout suppresses the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of A549 lung cancer cells, as well as tumor growth in a nude mouse xenograft model. In contrast, stable expression of IRS4 showed the opposite effects. As expected, IRS4 was found to activate the PI3K/Akt and Ras-MAPK pathways, and we also showed that IRS4 depletion significantly enhanced the sensitivity of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI)-resistant cells to gefitinib. Taken together, these results show that IRS4 promotes NSCLC progression and may represent a potential therapeutic target for EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Gefitinib/therapeutic use
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/genetics
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqi Hao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China; The State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Jun Peng
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiaoxi Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Fan Bao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Ziqin Dian
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Su An
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Tian-Rui Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Carucci L, Coppola S, Luzzetti A, Giglio V, Vanderhoof J, Berni Canani R. The role of probiotics and postbiotics in modulating the gut microbiome-immune system axis in the pediatric age. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2021; 73:115-127. [PMID: 33880903 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complex microbial community of the gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in driving development and function of the human immune system. This phenomenon is named the gut microbiome-immune system axis. When operating optimally, this axis influences both innate and adaptive immunity, which orchestrates the maintenance of crucial elements of host-microorganisms symbiosis, in a dialogue that modulates responses in the most beneficial way. Growing evidence reveals some environmental factors which can positively and negatively modulate the gut microbiome-immune system axis with consequences on the body health status. Several conditions which increasingly affect the pediatric age, such as allergies, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, arise from a failure of the gut microbiome-immune system axis. Prenatal or postnatal modulation of this axis through some interventional strategies (including diet, probiotics and postbiotics), may lead to a positive gene-environment interaction with improvement of immune-modulatory effects and final positive effect on human health. In particular probiotics and postbiotics exerting pleiotropic regulatory actions on the gut-microbiome-immune system axis provide an innovative preventive and therapeutic strategy for many pediatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Luzzetti
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Giglio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jon Vanderhoof
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy - .,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Task Force for Microbiome Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Mariaule V, Kriaa A, Soussou S, Rhimi S, Boudaya H, Hernandez J, Maguin E, Lesner A, Rhimi M. Digestive Inflammation: Role of Proteolytic Dysregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062817. [PMID: 33802197 PMCID: PMC7999743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the proteolytic balance is often associated with diseases. Serine proteases and matrix metalloproteases are involved in a multitude of biological processes and notably in the inflammatory response. Within the framework of digestive inflammation, several studies have stressed the role of serine proteases and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) as key actors in its pathogenesis and pointed to the unbalance between these proteases and their respective inhibitors. Substantial efforts have been made in developing new inhibitors, some of which have reached clinical trial phases, notwithstanding that unwanted side effects remain a major issue. However, studies on the proteolytic imbalance and inhibitors conception are directed toward host serine/MMPs proteases revealing a hitherto overlooked factor, the potential contribution of their bacterial counterpart. In this review, we highlight the role of proteolytic imbalance in human digestive inflammation focusing on serine proteases and MMPs and their respective inhibitors considering both host and bacterial origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Mariaule
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Aicha Kriaa
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Souha Soussou
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Soufien Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Houda Boudaya
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Juan Hernandez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences (Oniris), University of Nantes, 101 Route de Gachet, 44300 Nantes, France;
| | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, PL80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Moez Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence:
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50
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Promotive effects of sesamin on proliferation and adhesion of intestinal probiotics and its mechanism of action. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 149:112049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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