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Price AD, Baucom MR, Becker ER, Chae RC, Schuster R, England L, Pritts TA, Goodman MD. Aberrant Oxygen Concentrations Induce Systemic Inflammation in a Murine Model. J Surg Res 2024; 301:287-295. [PMID: 38996719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxia is a significant cause of secondary insult in the critically ill trauma or surgical patient. The cause of increased mortality following a brief period of hypoxia is not well understood. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of acute, isolated deviations in oxygen concentration on proinflammatory cytokine release and markers of endothelial stress in a murine model. METHODS Mice were randomized to either control, hypoxia, or hyperoxia group. The control group was exposed to room air for 60 min, the hyperoxia group was exposed to 70% fraction of inspired oxygen, and the hypoxia group was exposed to 10% fraction of inspired oxygen for 60 min. Whole blood collection was completed via cardiac puncture. Serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and endothelial stress markers were analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Following exposure to hypoxic conditions, there was a significant increase in interleukin (IL)-1α (IL-1 α), IL-1 β, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α . Following exposure to hyperoxic conditions, there was a significant increase in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted, as well as a significant decrease in IL-12, and IL-17. No clinically significant difference was noted in serum concentration of endothelial stress markers between the treatment groups. DISCUSSION Exposure to oxygen extremes induces systemic inflammation as measured by proinflammatory cytokines in a murine model. Hyperoxia also demonstrates the ability to downregulate certain inflammatory pathways while inducing others. No effect on serum concentration of endothelial stress markers is observed following acute, isolated hypoxic or hyperoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Price
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
| | - Matthew R Baucom
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ellen R Becker
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ryan C Chae
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Rebecca Schuster
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa England
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Timothy A Pritts
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Uslu A, Gökdemir BN, Çekmen N, Ersoy Z. An Innovative Study Focused on Reducing Unnecessary Oxygen Exposure in Pediatric Patients. J Perianesth Nurs 2024:S1089-9472(23)01116-4. [PMID: 38864799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2023.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the perioperative period, fractional-inspired oxygen is used at values up to 80% to stay within the safe range, even for a short time. A clear value for the safe range has not been specified, and therefore, clinicians prefer a high oxygen value. This study aims to reduce unnecessary oxygen exposure in pediatrice patients and to provide the optimum fractional inspired oxygen value. DESIGN The study was designed as a prospective randomized controlled study, including 139 patients aged 1 to 8 years without comorbidity. METHODS Three groups were formed by adjusting the fractional inspired oxygen to 30%, 50%, or 80% intraoperatively. In the intraoperative period, a strict inspired oxygen protocol (hypoxemia threshold was SpO2 < 90) and oxygen reserve index, fractional expired oxygen value, and peripheral oxygen saturation were used to maintain the balance of hypoxemia and hyperoxemia. FINDINGS One hundred and nine children were included. The mean oxygen reserve index was significantly lower in the 30% group than in the other groups (0.09 ± 0.05, P < .0001). The mean arterial pressure in the 30% group was significantly lower than the 80% group but within the normal range (78 ± 6 mmHg, P < .003). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding delirium and pain in the recovery unit. CONCLUSIONS Due to the known and unknown harmful effects of unnecessary oxygen exposure, it may be time to use optimal oxygen and to fear unnecessary oxygen, not less oxygen. As the next step, we think studies should be conducted with patient groups with lower oxygen concentrations (eg, %21 vs %24 vs %30), more patients, and arterial blood gas monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Uslu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Baskent, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Begüm N Gökdemir
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Baskent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nedim Çekmen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Baskent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ersoy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Baskent, Ankara, Turkey
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Balestra C, Baldelli S, Virgili F, Salvagno M, Mrakic-Sposta S, Fratantonio D. Pulsed Hyperoxia Acts on Plasmatic Advanced Glycation End Products and Advanced Oxidation Protein Products and Modulates Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: A Pilot Study on the "Normobaric Oxygen Paradox". Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2394. [PMID: 38397071 PMCID: PMC10889761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The "normobaric oxygen paradox" (NOP) describes the response to the return to normoxia after a hyperoxic event, sensed by tissues as an oxygen shortage, up-regulating redox-sensitive transcription factors. We have previously characterized the time trend of oxygen-sensitive transcription factors in human PBMCs, in which the return to normoxia after 30% oxygen is sensed as a hypoxic trigger, characterized by hypoxia-induced factor (HIF-1) activation. On the contrary, 100% and 140% oxygen induce a shift toward an oxidative stress response, characterized by NRF2 and NF-kB activation in the first 24 h post exposure. Herein, we investigate whether this paradigm triggers Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) and Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPPs) as circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress. Secondly, we studied if mitochondrial biogenesis was involved to link the cellular response to oxidative stress in human PBMCs. Our results show that AGEs and AOPPs increase in a different manner according to oxygen dose. Mitochondrial levels of peroxiredoxin (PRX3) supported the cellular response to oxidative stress and increased at 24 h after mild hyperoxia, MH (30% O2), and high hyperoxia, HH (100% O2), while during very high hyperoxia, VHH (140% O2), the activation was significantly high only at 3 h after oxygen exposure. Mitochondrial biogenesis was activated through nuclear translocation of PGC-1α in all the experimental conditions. However, the consequent release of nuclear Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A (TFAM) was observed only after MH exposure. Conversely, HH and VHH are associated with a progressive loss of NOP response in the ability to induce TFAM expression despite a nuclear translocation of PGC-1α also occurring in these conditions. This study confirms that pulsed high oxygen treatment elicits specific cellular responses, according to its partial pressure and time of administration, and further emphasizes the importance of targeting the use of oxygen to activate specific effects on the whole organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Balestra
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- Physical Activity Teaching Unit, Motor Sciences Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- DAN Europe Research Division (Roseto-Brussels), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Baldelli
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Virgili
- Interuniversitary Consortium "National Institute for Bio-Structures and Bio-Systems"-I.N.B.B., 13, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Salvagno
- Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Deborah Fratantonio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, S.S. 100 Km 18, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
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Figiel W, Niewiński G, Grąt M, Krawczyk M, Stypułkowski J, Lewandowski Z, Krasnodębski M, Patkowski W, Zieniewicz K. Postoperative Supplemental Oxygen in Liver Transplantation (PSOLT) does not reduce the rate of infections: results of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 2023; 21:51. [PMID: 36782227 PMCID: PMC9924861 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite inconsistent evidence, international guidelines underline the importance of perioperative hyperoxygenation in prevention of postoperative infections. Further, data on safety and efficacy of this method in liver transplant setting are lacking. The aim was to evaluate efficacy and safety of postoperative hyperoxygenation in prophylaxis of infections after liver transplantation. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, patients undergoing liver transplantation were randomly assigned to either 28% or 80% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) for 6 postoperative hours. Infections occurring during 30-day post-transplant period were the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included 90-day mortality, 90-day severe morbidity, 30-day pulmonary complications, durations of hospital and intensive care unit stay, and 5-day postoperative bilirubin concentration, alanine and aspartate transaminase activity, and international normalized ratio (INR) (clinicatrials.gov NCT02857855). RESULTS A total of 193 patients were included and randomized to 28% (n = 99) and 80% (n = 94) FiO2. With similar patient, operative, and donor characteristics in both groups, infections occurred in 34.0% (32/94) of patients assigned to 80% FiO2 as compared to 23.2% (23/99) of patients assigned to 28% FiO2 (p = 0.112). Patients randomized to 80% FiO2 more frequently developed severe complications (p = 0.035), stayed longer in the intensive care unit (p = 0.033), and had higher bilirubin concentration over first 5 post-transplant days (p = 0.043). No significant differences were found regarding mortality, duration of hospital stay, pulmonary complications, and 5-day aspartate and alanine transaminase activity and INR. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative hyperoxygenation should not be used for prophylaxis of infections after liver transplantation due to the lack of efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02857855. Registered 7 July 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Figiel
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Niewiński
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Grąt
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marek Krawczyk
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Stypułkowski
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Lewandowski
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical University of Warsaw, Oczki 3, 02-007, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Krasnodębski
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Patkowski
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zieniewicz
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Yu AC, Wang MA, Chen L, Long C, Guo Y, Sheng XH, Wang XG, Xing K, Xiao LF, Ni HM, Li JT, Qi XL. Effects of dietary pretreated Chinese herbal medicine supplementation on production performance, egg quality, uterine histopathological changes, and antioxidant capacity in late-phase laying hens. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1110301. [PMID: 36744028 PMCID: PMC9895833 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1110301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pretreated Chinese herbal medicine (PCHM) on egg quality, production performance, histopathological changes in the uterus, antiox idant capacity, and antioxidant gene expression in late-phase layers. Methods: Jinghong No.1 layers (n = 360, 68 weeks old) were assigned randomly to one of f our dietary interventions. Each treatment was replicated six times. Repeat 15 chickens per g roup. All birds were fed a diet composed of a corn-soybean meal-based diet supplemented with 0, 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8% PCHM for 6 weeks. Results: Dietary PCHM supplementation had no significant effects on laying rate, feed con sumption, yolk color, and shape index. With increasing PCHM level the Haugh unit linearly increased (P < 0.05). Supplementation of 0.8% PCHM increased egg weight, compared with the control (P < 0.05). PCHM can effectively alleviated the pathological changes caused by aging in the uterus including hemorrhage, and many inflammatory cell infiltrations. Supplementation of 0.4% PCHM increased glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) in liver, magnum, and plasm considerably, compared with the control (P < 0.05). Supplementation of PCHM decr ease in the liver, magnum, and uterus on malondialdehyde (MDA) content, compared with the control (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, mRNA expressions of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), peroxidase 4 (GPX4), catalase (CAT), and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the magnum, liver, and uterus were dramatically rose in the 0.4% PCHM supplementation group (P < 0.05). In summary, dietary supplementation after PCHM increased egg weight and quality in late-phase laying hens. Conclusion: Dietary PCHM increased the antioxidative capacity of late-phase laying hens, which could be associated with increased mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and Nrf2. These findings provide potential for using PCHM to increase the production performance in late-phase laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-Chuan Yu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Min-An Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Long
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Hui Sheng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Guo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Xing
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Fei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - He-Min Ni
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Tao Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Jian-Tao Li, ; Xiao-Long Qi,
| | - Xiao-Long Qi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jian-Tao Li, ; Xiao-Long Qi,
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Enhanced-Precision Measurement of Glutathionyl Hemoglobin by MALDI-ToF MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020497. [PMID: 36677554 PMCID: PMC9863390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathionyl-hemoglobin (HbSSG) is used as a human biomarker to pinpoint systemic oxidative stress caused by various pathological conditions, noxious lifestyles, and exposure to drugs and environmental or workplace toxicants. Measurement by MALDI mass spectrometry is most frequently used, however, the method suffers from excessive uncontrolled variability. This article describes the improvement of a MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry method for HbSSG measurement through enhanced precision, based on strict control of sample preparation steps and spreadsheet-based data analysis. This improved method displays enhanced precision in the analysis of several hundred samples deriving from studies in different classes of healthy and diseased human subjects. Levels span from 0.5% (lower limit of detection) up to 30%, measured with a precision (as SE%) < 0.5%. We optimized this global procedure to improve data quality and to enable the Operator to work with a reduced physical and psychological strain. Application of this method, for which full instruction and the data analysis spreadsheet are supplied, can encourage the exploitation of HbSSG to study human oxidative stress in a variety of pathological and living conditions and to rationally test the efficacy of antioxidant measures and treatments in the frame of health promotion.
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Ahn JH, Shim JG, Park J, Lee SH, Ryu KH, Cho EA. Oxygen reserve index guided fraction of inspired oxygen titration to reduce hyperoxemia during laparoscopic gastrectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31592. [PMID: 36401493 PMCID: PMC9678519 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The usefulness of the oxygen reserve index (ORi) in reducing hyperoxemia remains unclear. We designed this study to investigate whether fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) adjustment under a combination of ORi and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) guidance can reduce intraoperative hyperoxemia compared to SpO2 alone. METHODS In this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study, we allocated patients scheduled for laparoscopic gastrectomy to the SpO2 group (FiO2 adjusted to target SpO2 ≥ 98%) or the ORi-SpO2 group (FiO2 adjusted to target 0 < 0 ORi < .3 and SpO2 ≥ 98%). The ORi, SpO2, FiO2, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), and incidence of severe hyperoxemia (PaO2 ≥ 200 mm Hg) were recorded before and 1, 2, and 3 hours after surgical incision. Data from 32 and 30 subjects in the SpO2 and ORi-SpO2 groups, respectively, were analyzed. RESULTS PaO2 was higher in the SpO2 group (250.31 ± 57.39 mm Hg) than in the ORi-SpO2 group (170.07 ± 49.39 mm Hg) 1 hour after incision (P < .001). PaO2 was consistently higher in the SpO2 group than in the ORi-SpO2 group, over time (P = .045). The incidence of severe hyperoxemia was higher in the SpO2 group (84.4%) than in the ORi-SpO2 group (16.7%, P < .001) 1 hour after incision. Higher FiO2 was administered to the SpO2 group [52.5 (50-60)] than the ORi-SpO2 group [40 (35-50), P < .001] 1 hour after incision. SpO2 was not different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION The combination of ORi and SpO2 guided FiO2 adjustment reduced hyperoxemia compared to SpO2 alone during laparoscopic gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Geum Shim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Park
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Lee
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ah Cho
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * Correspondence: Eunah Cho, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea (e-mail: )
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Mancardi D, Ottolenghi S, Attanasio U, Tocchetti CG, Paroni R, Pagliaro P, Samaja M. Janus, or the Inevitable Battle Between Too Much and Too Little Oxygen. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:972-989. [PMID: 35412859 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Oxygen levels are key regulators of virtually every living mammalian cell, under both physiological and pathological conditions. Starting from embryonic and fetal development, through the growth, onset, and progression of diseases, oxygen is a subtle, although pivotal, mediator of key processes such as differentiation, proliferation, autophagy, necrosis, and apoptosis. Hypoxia-driven modifications of cellular physiology are investigated in depth or for their clinical and translational relevance, especially in the ischemic scenario. Recent Advances: The mild or severe lack of oxygen is, undoubtedly, related to cell death, although abundant evidence points at oscillating oxygen levels, instead of permanent low pO2, as the most detrimental factor. Different cell types can consume oxygen at different rates and, most interestingly, some cells can shift from low to high consumption according to the metabolic demand. Hence, we can assume that, in the intracellular compartment, oxygen tension varies from low to high levels depending on both supply and consumption. Critical Issues: The positive balance between supply and consumption leads to a pro-oxidative environment, with some cell types facing hypoxia/hyperoxia cycles, whereas some others are under fairly constant oxygen tension. Future Directions: Within this frame, the alterations of oxygen levels (dysoxia) are critical in two paradigmatic organs, the heart and brain, under physiological and pathological conditions and the interactions of oxygen with other physiologically relevant gases, such as nitric oxide, can alternatively contribute to the worsening or protection of ischemic organs. Further, the effects of dysoxia are of pivotal importance for iron metabolism. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 972-989.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mancardi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Ottolenghi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Attanasio
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Paroni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Michele Samaja
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
- MAGI GROUP, San Felice del Benaco, Italy
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Burtscher J, Mallet RT, Pialoux V, Millet GP, Burtscher M. Adaptive Responses to Hypoxia and/or Hyperoxia in Humans. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:887-912. [PMID: 35102747 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Oxygen is indispensable for aerobic life, but its utilization exposes cells and tissues to oxidative stress; thus, tight regulation of cellular, tissue, and systemic oxygen concentrations is crucial. Here, we review the current understanding of how the human organism (mal-)adapts to low (hypoxia) and high (hyperoxia) oxygen levels and how these adaptations may be harnessed as therapeutic or performance enhancing strategies at the systemic level. Recent Advances: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is already a cornerstone of modern medicine, and the application of mild hypoxia, that is, hypoxia conditioning (HC), to strengthen the resilience of organs or the whole body to severe hypoxic insults is an important preparation for high-altitude sojourns or to protect the cardiovascular system from hypoxic/ischemic damage. Many other applications of adaptations to hypo- and/or hyperoxia are only just emerging. HC-sometimes in combination with hyperoxic interventions-is gaining traction for the treatment of chronic diseases, including numerous neurological disorders, and for performance enhancement. Critical Issues: The dose- and intensity-dependent effects of varying oxygen concentrations render hypoxia- and/or hyperoxia-based interventions potentially highly beneficial, yet hazardous, although the risks versus benefits are as yet ill-defined. Future Directions: The field of low and high oxygen conditioning is expanding rapidly, and novel applications are increasingly recognized, for example, the modulation of aging processes, mood disorders, or metabolic diseases. To advance hypoxia/hyperoxia conditioning to clinical applications, more research on the effects of the intensity, duration, and frequency of altered oxygen concentrations, as well as on individual vulnerabilities to such interventions, is paramount. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 887-912.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Vincent Pialoux
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology EA7424, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Local and Systemic Oxidative Stress Biomarkers for Male Infertility: The ORION Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061045. [PMID: 35739942 PMCID: PMC9220279 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility problems occur in around 10% of all couples worldwide, with male-factor infertility as the sole contributor in 20–30% of these cases. Oxidative stress (OS) is suggested to be associated with the pathophysiology of male infertility. In spermatozoa, OS can lead to damage to the cell membrane, resulting in disruption of DNA integrity and a decrease in motility. Established biomarkers for OS include free thiols and malondialdehyde (MDA), both representing different components of the reactive species interactome (RSI). This exploratory study aimed to investigate seminal plasma-free thiol and MDA levels in relation to semen parameters as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) to determine if these markers are adequate to define local OS status. Furthermore, this study investigated if there is a relation between systemic and local OS status by comparing seminal concentrations of free thiol (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups, representing the extracellular redox status) and MDA (lipid peroxidation product) levels to those measured in serum. Free thiol and MDA measurements in both serum and semen plasma were performed in 50 males (18–55 y) of couples seeking fertility treatment. A significant positive correlation was found between seminal plasma-free thiol levels and sperm concentration and progressive motility (r = 0.383, p = 0.008 and r = 0.333, p = 0.022, respectively). In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between MDA levels in seminal plasma and sperm concentration (r = 0.314, p = 0.031). This study supports that seminal plasma-free thiols may be promising as local OS biomarkers. No associations were observed between local and systemic OS biomarker concentrations.
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Kraus AC, De Miguel C. Hyperoxia and Acute Kidney Injury: A Tale of Oxygen and the Kidney. Semin Nephrol 2022; 42:151282. [PMID: 36404211 PMCID: PMC9825666 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although oxygen supplementation is beneficial to support life in the clinic, excessive oxygen therapy also has been linked to damage to organs such as the lung or the eye. However, there is a lack of understanding of whether high oxygen therapy directly affects the kidney, leading to acute kidney injury, and what molecular mechanisms may be involved in this process. In this review, we revise our current understanding of the mechanisms by which hyperoxia leads to organ damage and highlight possible areas of investigation for the scientific community interested in novel mechanisms of kidney disease. Overall, we found a significant need for both animal and clinical studies evaluating the role of hyperoxia in inducing kidney damage. Thus, we urge the research community to further investigate oxygen therapy and its impact on kidney health with the goal of optimizing oxygen therapy guidelines and improving patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigayle C Kraus
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Carmen De Miguel
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
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12
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Tessema B, Sack U, Serebrovska Z, König B, Egorov E. Effects of Hyperoxia on Aging Biomarkers: A Systematic Review. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:783144. [PMID: 35822043 PMCID: PMC9261365 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.783144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of short-term hyperoxia on age-related diseases and aging biomarkers have been reported in animal and human experiments using different protocols; however, the findings of the studies remain conflicting. In this systematic review, we summarized the existing reports in the effects of short-term hyperoxia on age-related diseases, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), and other oxygen-sensitive transcription factors relevant to aging, telomere length, cellular senescence, and its side effects. This review was done as described in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. A systematic search was done in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library and from the references of selected articles to identify relevant studies until May 2021. Of the total 1,699 identified studies, 17 were included in this review. Most of the studies have shown significant effects of short-term hyperoxia on age-related diseases and aging biomarkers. The findings of the studies suggest the potential benefits of short-term hyperoxia in several clinical applications such as for patients undergoing stressful operations, restoration of cognitive function, and the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury. Short-term hyperoxia has significant effects in upregulation or downregulation of transcription factors relevant to aging such as HIF-1α, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells (NF-kB), and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) among others. Short-term hyperoxia also has significant effects to increase antioxidant enzymes, and increase telomere length and clearance of senescent cells. Some of the studies have also reported adverse consequences including mitochondrial DNA damage and nuclear cataract formation depending on the dose and duration of oxygen exposure. In conclusion, short-term hyperoxia could be a feasible treatment option to treat age-related disease and to slow aging because of its ability to increase antioxidant enzymes, significantly increase telomere length and clearance of senescent cells, and improve cognitive function, among others. The reported side effects of hyperoxia vary depending on the dose and duration of exposure. Therefore, it seems that additional studies for better understanding the beneficial effects of short-term hyperoxia and for minimizing side effects are necessary for optimal clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belay Tessema
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ulrich Sack
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Zoya Serebrovska
- Department of Hypoxic States Investigation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Brigitte König
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Egor Egorov
- Ipam Institute for Preventive and Anti-Aging Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Ristescu AI, Tiron CE, Tiron A, Grigoras I. Exploring Hyperoxia Effects in Cancer-From Perioperative Clinical Data to Potential Molecular Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091213. [PMID: 34572400 PMCID: PMC8470547 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased inspiratory oxygen concentration is constantly used during the perioperative period of cancer patients to prevent the potential development of hypoxemia and to provide an adequate oxygen transport to the organs, tissues and cells. Although the primary tumours are surgically removed, the effects of perioperative hyperoxia exposure on distal micro-metastases and on circulating cancer cells can potentially play a role in cancer progression or recurrence. In clinical trials, hyperoxia seems to increase the rate of postoperative complications and, by delaying postoperative recovery, it can alter the return to intended oncological treatment. The effects of supplemental oxygen on the long-term mortality of surgical cancer patients offer, at this point, conflicting results. In experimental studies, hyperoxia effects on cancer biology were explored following multiple pathways. In cancer cell cultures and animal models, hyperoxia increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases the oxidative stress. These can be followed by the induction of the expression of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other molecules involved in angiogenesis and by the promotion of various degrees of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Irina Ristescu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.I.R.); (I.G.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Crina Elena Tiron
- TRANSCEND Research Centre, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Adrian Tiron
- TRANSCEND Research Centre, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioana Grigoras
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.I.R.); (I.G.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
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14
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Lopez-Pascual A, Trayhurn P, Martínez JA, González-Muniesa P. Oxygen in Metabolic Dysfunction and Its Therapeutic Relevance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:642-687. [PMID: 34036800 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: In recent years, a number of studies have shown altered oxygen partial pressure at a tissue level in metabolic disorders, and some researchers have considered oxygen to be a (macro) nutrient. Oxygen availability may be compromised in obesity and several other metabolism-related pathological conditions, including sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, the metabolic syndrome (which is a set of conditions), type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Recent Advances: Strategies designed to reduce adiposity and its accompanying disorders have been mainly centered on nutritional interventions and physical activity programs. However, novel therapies are needed since these approaches have not been sufficient to counteract the worldwide increasing rates of metabolic disorders. In this regard, intermittent hypoxia training and hyperoxia could be potential treatments through oxygen-related adaptations. Moreover, living at a high altitude may have a protective effect against the development of abnormal metabolic conditions. In addition, oxygen delivery systems may be of therapeutic value for supplying the tissue-specific oxygen requirements. Critical Issues: Precise in vivo methods to measure oxygenation are vital to disentangle some of the controversies related to this research area. Further, it is evident that there is a growing need for novel in vitro models to study the potential pathways involved in metabolic dysfunction to find appropriate therapeutic targets. Future Directions: Based on the existing evidence, it is suggested that oxygen availability has a key role in obesity and its related comorbidities. Oxygen should be considered in relation to potential therapeutic strategies in the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 642-687.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Lopez-Pascual
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Neuroendocrine Cell Biology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Paul Trayhurn
- Obesity Biology Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Clore Laboratory, The University of Buckingham, Buckingham, United Kingdom
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro González-Muniesa
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Brizzolari A, Dei Cas M, Cialoni D, Marroni A, Morano C, Samaja M, Paroni R, Rubino FM. High-Throughput Griess Assay of Nitrite and Nitrate in Plasma and Red Blood Cells for Human Physiology Studies under Extreme Conditions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154569. [PMID: 34361720 PMCID: PMC8348835 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of nitric oxide plays an increasingly interesting role in the physiological response of the human body to extreme environmental conditions, such as underwater, in an extremely cold climate, and at low oxygen concentrations. Field studies need the development of analytical methods to measure nitrite and nitrate in plasma and red blood cells with high requirements of accuracy, precision, and sensitivity. An optimized spectrophotometric Griess method for nitrite–nitrate affords sensitivity in the low millimolar range and precision within ±2 μM for both nitrite and nitrate, requiring 100 μL of scarcely available plasma sample or less than 50 μL of red blood cells. A scheduled time-efficient procedure affords measurement of as many as 80 blood samples, with combined nitrite and nitrate measurement in plasma and red blood cells. Performance and usefulness were tested in pilot studies that use blood fractions deriving from subjects who dwelt in an Antarctica scientific station and on breath-holding and scuba divers who performed training at sea and in a land-based deep pool facility. The method demonstrated adequate to measure low basal concentrations of nitrite and high production of nitrate as a consequence of water column pressure-triggered vasodilatation in deep-water divers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Brizzolari
- Laboratory for Analytical Toxicology and Metabonomics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, v. A. di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy;
- DAN Europe Research Division, Contrada Padune, 64026 Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy; (D.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Michele Dei Cas
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, v. A. di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy; (M.D.C.); (C.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Danilo Cialoni
- DAN Europe Research Division, Contrada Padune, 64026 Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy; (D.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandro Marroni
- DAN Europe Research Division, Contrada Padune, 64026 Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy; (D.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Camillo Morano
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, v. A. di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy; (M.D.C.); (C.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Michele Samaja
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, v. A. di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy;
| | - Rita Paroni
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, v. A. di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy; (M.D.C.); (C.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Federico Maria Rubino
- DAN Europe Research Division, Contrada Padune, 64026 Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy; (D.C.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Salavati S, Mogheiseh A, Nazifi S, Amiri A, Nikahval B. The effects of melatonin treatment on oxidative stress induced by ovariohysterectomy in dogs. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:181. [PMID: 33933076 PMCID: PMC8088575 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most common surgeries performed in veterinary medicine, ovariohysterectomy (OHE) can induce oxidative stress in dogs. The antioxidant properties of melatonin have been confirmed in various studies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin administration on oxidative stress in dogs before and after OHE. In this study, 25 mature female intact dogs were selected and randomly divided into five equal groups: Melatonin (melatonin, no surgery), OHE (no melatonin, surgery), OHE + melatonin (melatonin, surgery), anesthesia+melatonin (melatonin, sham surgery), and control (no melatonin, no surgery) groups. Melatonin (0.3 mg/Kg/day, p.o.) was administrated to the dogs in the melatonin, OHE + melatonin, and anesthesia+melatonin groups on days - 1, 0, 1, 2, and 3 (day 0 = OHE). Blood sampling was performed on days - 1, 1, 3, and 5 of the study. Blood samples were immediately transferred to the laboratory and sera were separated and stored at - 20 °C. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were measured with commercial kits. RESULTS The levels of SOD, GPX and CAT were significantly higher in the melatonin and anesthesia+melatonin groups compared to those of the control group at days 3 and 5. The level of antioxidant enzymes significantly decreased in the OHE group compared to that of other groups at days 3 and 5. The administration of melatonin increased the level of antioxidant enzymes in ovariohysterectomized dogs. Ovariohysterectomy significantly increased the concentration of MDA in comparison to that of other groups at day 3. Melatonin administration significantly decreased the level of MDA in melatonin, anesthetized, and ovariohysterectomized dogs at day 3. CONCLUSIONS Administration of melatonin on day - 1, 0, 1, 2 and 3 modulate the oxidative stress induced by OHE in dogs by increasing antioxidant enzymes concentration and decreasing MDA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Salavati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, 7144169155, Iran
| | - Asghar Mogheiseh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, 7144169155, Iran.
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, 7144169155, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, 7144169155, Iran
| | - Behrooz Nikahval
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, 7144169155, Iran
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17
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Rubino FM. The Redox Potential of the β- 93-Cysteine Thiol Group in Human Hemoglobin Estimated from In Vitro Oxidant Challenge Experiments. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092528. [PMID: 33926119 PMCID: PMC8123695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathionyl hemoglobin is a minor form of hemoglobin with intriguing properties. The measurement of the redox potential of its reactive β-93-Cysteine is useful to improve understanding of the response of erythrocytes to transient and chronic conditions of oxidative stress, where the level of glutathionyl hemoglobin is increased. An independent literature experiment describes the recovery of human erythrocytes exposed to an oxidant burst by measuring glutathione, glutathione disulfide and glutathionyl hemoglobin in a two-hour period. This article calculates a value for the redox potential E0 of the β-93-Cysteine, considering the erythrocyte as a closed system at equilibrium described by the Nernst equation and using the measurements of the literature experiment. The obtained value of E0 of −121 mV at pH 7.4 places hemoglobin as the most oxidizing thiol of the erythrocyte. By using as synthetic indicators of the concentrations the electrochemical potentials of the two main redox pairs in the erythrocytes, those of glutathione–glutathione disulfide and of glutathionyl–hemoglobin, the mechanism of the recovery phase can be hypothesized. Hemoglobin acts as the redox buffer that scavenges oxidized glutathione in the oxidative phase and releases it in the recovery phase, by acting as the substrate of the NAD(P)H-cofactored enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Maria Rubino
- LaTMA Laboratory for Analytical Toxicology and Metabonomics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano at "Ospedale San Paolo" v. A. di Rudinì 8, I-20142 Milano, Italy
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18
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Alyethodi RR, Sirohi AS, Karthik S, Tyagi S, Perumal P, Singh U, Sharma A, Kundu A. Role of seminal MDA, ROS, and antioxidants in cryopreservation and their kinetics under the influence of ejaculatory abstinence in bovine semen. Cryobiology 2021; 98:187-193. [PMID: 33476643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite many cryopreservation techniques in bovine semen, various stressors' detrimental effects remain a significant issue. The present study targeted to assess the role of semen quality parameters, sperm function tests, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and different antioxidants in the cryopreservation of bovine semen. Further, the kinetics of lipid peroxidation, ROS, and antioxidants on repeated semen collection under short ejaculatory abstinence were studied. We designed a comparative study where bulls were grouped into good and low freezable semen groups (Freeze-groups) based on their post-thaw motility. All the bulls included had similar initial motility and qualified minimum standards for initial semen parameters viz. semen volume and sperm concentration. The present study detected a higher lipid peroxidation and ROS viz. superoxide anions (•O2-) and a lower total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the low freeze-group compared to the good freeze-group. The ROS and antioxidants showed unique kinetics on repeated semen collection at short intervals, and no significant change was detected in semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm concentration. This study detected higher head abnormalities and poor acrosome integrity in the low freeze-groups. The present study results indicated that the sperm head might be the most vulnerable part of the sperm to cryopreservation stress. The present study finds significantly higher lipid peroxidation and ROS levels and reduced antioxidant capacity as the primary reasons for low cryopreservability. Further, repeated semen collection with a shorter or lack of abstinence does not impose any significant change in the semen volume and sperm concentration; moreover, it could be beneficial for higher antioxidant levels and lower lipid peroxidation levels. As seminal plasma has both inhibitory and stimulatory roles in sperm function and cryopreservation, identifying the critical role players of seminal plasma and identifying sperm related changes in cryopreservation could predict the cryopreservability potential of semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafeeque R Alyethodi
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India.
| | - Ajayvir Singh Sirohi
- Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - S Karthik
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India
| | - S Tyagi
- Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - P Perumal
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India
| | - Umesh Singh
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - A Kundu
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India
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19
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Cialoni D, Brizzolari A, Samaja M, Bosco G, Paganini M, Pieri M, Lancellotti V, Marroni A. Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress Changes at Depth in Breath-Hold Diving. Front Physiol 2021; 11:609642. [PMID: 33488400 PMCID: PMC7818785 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.609642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several mechanisms allow humans to resist the extreme conditions encountered during breath-hold diving. Available nitric oxide (NO) is one of the major contributors to such complex adaptations at depth and oxidative stress is one of the major collateral effects of diving. Due to technical difficulties, these biomarkers have not so far been studied in vivo while at depth. The aim of this study is to investigate nitrate and nitrite (NOx) concentration, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) before, during, and after repetitive breath-hold dives in healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods Blood plasma, obtained from 14 expert breath-hold divers, was tested for differences in NOx, TAC, and TBARS between pre-dive, bottom, surface, 30 and 60 min post-dive samples. Results We observed a statistically significant increase of NOx plasma concentration in the “bottom blood draw” as compared to the pre-dive condition while we did not find any difference in the following samples We found a statistically significant decrease in TAC at the bottom but the value returned to normality immediately after reaching the surface. We did not find any statistically significant difference in TBARS. Discussion The increased plasma NOx values found at the bottom were not observed at surface and post dive sampling (T0, T30, T60), showing a very rapid return to the pre-dive values. Also TAC values returned to pre- diving levels immediately after the end of hyperbaric exposure, probably as a consequence of the activation of endogenous antioxidant defenses. TBARS did not show any difference during the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Cialoni
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Divers Alert Network (DAN) Europe Research Division, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy.,Apnea Academy Research, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Brizzolari
- Divers Alert Network (DAN) Europe Research Division, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Samaja
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gerardo Bosco
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Paganini
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Divers Alert Network (DAN) Europe Research Division, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy
| | - Valentina Lancellotti
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marroni
- Divers Alert Network (DAN) Europe Research Division, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy
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20
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Othmène YB, Hamdi H, Amara I, Abid-Essefi S. Tebuconazole induced oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in adult rat heart. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 170:104671. [PMID: 32980069 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
TEB belongs to the family of triazole fungicides and it is used to protect agricultural crop plants from fungal pathogens. The information regarding its cardiotoxic effects through different pathways particularly by perturbing the oxidative balance and causing damage to the myocardium is still limited. In the present study, oxidative and histopathologic damages caused by TEB in the cardiac tissue of male adult rats, were evaluated. Rats were exposed orally to TEB at 0.9, 9, 27 and 45 mg/kg b.w. for 28 days. Results showed that following TEB treatment malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), antioxidant enzyme activities (GPx and GR) and GSSG levels increased, while GSH levels and thus the GSH/GSSG ratio decreased. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) initially increased at the doses of 0.9, 9 and 27 mg/kg b.w. and then decreased at the dose of 45 mg/kg b.w. Moreover, western blot analysis showed that TEB increased SOD1, CAT and HSP70 protein levels after 24 h. Furthermore, TEB induced various histological changes in the myocardium, including leucocytic infiltration, hemorrhage congestion of cardiac blood vessels and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Therefore, our investigation revealed, that TEB exhibits cardiotoxic effects by changing oxidative balance and damaging the cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Ben Othmène
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hiba Hamdi
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Amara
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia..
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21
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Moccia F, Gerbino A, Lionetti V, Miragoli M, Munaron LM, Pagliaro P, Pasqua T, Penna C, Rocca C, Samaja M, Angelone T. COVID-19-associated cardiovascular morbidity in older adults: a position paper from the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Researches. GeroScience 2020; 42:1021-1049. [PMID: 32430627 PMCID: PMC7237344 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects host cells following binding with the cell surface ACE2 receptors, thereby leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 causes viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary manifestations and major complications, including acute myocardial injury, arrhythmia, and shock mainly in elderly patients. Furthermore, patients with existing cardiovascular comorbidities, such as hypertension and coronary heart disease, have a worse clinical outcome following contraction of the viral illness. A striking feature of COVID-19 pandemics is the high incidence of fatalities in advanced aged patients: this might be due to the prevalence of frailty and cardiovascular disease increase with age due to endothelial dysfunction and loss of endogenous cardioprotective mechanisms. Although experimental evidence on this topic is still at its infancy, the aim of this position paper is to hypothesize and discuss more suggestive cellular and molecular mechanisms whereby SARS-CoV-2 may lead to detrimental consequences to the cardiovascular system. We will focus on aging, cytokine storm, NLRP3/inflammasome, hypoxemia, and air pollution, which is an emerging cardiovascular risk factor associated with rapid urbanization and globalization. We will finally discuss the impact of clinically available CV drugs on the clinical course of COVID-19 patients. Understanding the role played by SARS-CoV2 on the CV system is indeed mandatory to get further insights into COVID-19 pathogenesis and to design a therapeutic strategy of cardio-protection for frail patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Gerbino
- CNR-Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Bari, Italy
| | - V Lionetti
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
- UOS Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
| | - M Miragoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - L M Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - P Pagliaro
- Clinical and Biological Sciences Department, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - T Pasqua
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho-physiology, Department of Biology, E. and E.S., University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - C Penna
- Clinical and Biological Sciences Department, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - C Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho-physiology, Department of Biology, E. and E.S., University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - M Samaja
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - T Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho-physiology, Department of Biology, E. and E.S., University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
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Pagliaro P, Penna C. ACE/ACE2 Ratio: A Key Also in 2019 Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19)? Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:335. [PMID: 32626721 PMCID: PMC7314898 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Mrakic-Sposta S, Bosco G, Vezzoli A. Commentary on: "Targeted and untargeted metabolomics applied to occupational exposure to hyperbaric atmosphere". Toxicol Lett 2020; 330:71-72. [PMID: 32439579 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- National Research Council - Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Milano, Italy
| | - Gerardo Bosco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Vezzoli
- National Research Council - Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Milano, Italy
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Weenink RP, de Jonge SW, Preckel B, Hollmann MW. PRO: Routine hyperoxygenation in adult surgical patients whose tracheas are intubated. Anaesthesia 2020; 75:1293-1296. [PMID: 32314343 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R P Weenink
- Department of Anaesthesia, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S W de Jonge
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Preckel
- Department of Anaesthesia, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M W Hollmann
- Department of Anaesthesia, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Perioperative Hyperoxyphobia: Justified or Not? Benefits and Harms of Hyperoxia during Surgery. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030642. [PMID: 32121051 PMCID: PMC7141263 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of an inspiratory oxygen fraction of 0.80 during surgery is a topic of ongoing debate. Opponents claim that increased oxidative stress, atelectasis, and impaired oxygen delivery due to hyperoxic vasoconstriction are detrimental. Proponents point to the beneficial effects on the incidence of surgical site infections and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Also, hyperoxygenation is thought to extend the safety margin in case of acute intraoperative emergencies. This review provides a comprehensive risk-benefit analysis for the use of perioperative hyperoxia in noncritically ill adults based on clinical evidence and supported by physiological deduction where needed. Data from the field of hyperbaric medicine, as a model of extreme hyperoxygenation, are extrapolated to the perioperative setting. We ultimately conclude that current evidence is in favour of hyperoxia in noncritically ill intubated adult surgical patients.
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