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Sanaeifar F, Pourranjbar S, Pourranjbar M, Ramezani S, Mehr SR, Wadan AHS, Khazeifard F. Beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognitive-behavioral impairments and brain-derived neurotrophic factor alteration in the limbic system induced by neurodegeneration. Exp Gerontol 2024; 195:112539. [PMID: 39116955 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a class of neurological disorders marked by the progressive loss of neurons that afflict millions of people worldwide. These illnesses affect brain connection, impairing memory, cognition, behavior, sensory perception, and motor function. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases are examples of common NDDs, which frequently include the buildup of misfolded proteins. Cognitive-behavioral impairments are early markers of neurodevelopmental disorders, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention. Neurotrophins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are critical for neuron survival and synaptic plasticity, which is required for learning and memory. NDDs have been associated with decreased BDNF levels. Physical exercise, a non-pharmacological intervention, benefits brain health by increasing BDNF levels, lowering cognitive deficits, and slowing brain degradation. Exercise advantages include increased well-being, reduced depression, improved cognitive skills, and neuroprotection by lowering amyloid accumulation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. This study examines the effects of physical exercise on cognitive-behavioral deficits and BDNF levels in the limbic system impacted by neurodegeneration. The findings highlight the necessity of including exercise into NDD treatment to improve brain structure, function, and total BDNF levels. As research advances, exercise is becoming increasingly acknowledged as an important technique for treating cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Sanaeifar
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences andHealth, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Pourranjbar
- Doctor of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pourranjbar
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sana Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Samira Rostami Mehr
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Farnaz Khazeifard
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Spurgeon E, Saper R, Alexopoulos A, Allendorfer JB, Bar J, Caldwell J, Cervenka M, Darling S, Dombrowski S, Gallagher L, Lazar S, Modlo E, Perko J, Sajatovic M, Tilahun B, Yardi N, Najm I. Proceedings of the 2022 "Lifestyle Intervention for Epilepsy (LIFE)" symposium hosted by Cleveland Clinic. Epilepsia Open 2024. [PMID: 39177045 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle interventions are strategies used to self-manage medical conditions, such as epilepsy, and often complement traditional pharmacologic and surgical therapies. The need for integrating evidence-based lifestyle interventions into mainstream medicine for the treatment of epilepsy is evident given that despite the availability of a multitude of treatments with medications and surgical techniques, a significant proportion of patients have refractory seizures, and even those who are seizure-free report significant adverse effects with current treatments. Although the evidence base for complementary medicine is less robust than it is for traditional forms of medicine, the evidence to date suggests that several forms of complementary medicine including yoga, mindfulness meditation, cognitive behavioral therapy, diet and nutrition, exercise and memory rehabilitation, and music therapy may have important roles as adjuncts in the treatment armamentarium for epilepsy. These topics were discussed by a diverse group of medical providers and scientists at the "Lifestyle Intervention for Epilepsy (LIFE)" symposium hosted by Cleveland Clinic. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: There are many people with epilepsy who continue to have seizures even though they are being treated with medication or brain surgery. Even after seizures stop, some may experience medication side effects. There is research to suggest that certain lifestyle changes, such as yoga, mindfulness, exercise, music therapy, and adjustments to diet, could help people with epilepsy, when used along with routine treatment. Experts discussed the latest research at the "Lifestyle Intervention for Epilepsy (LIFE)" symposium hosted by Cleveland Clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Saper
- Department of Wellness and Preventive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Jane B Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Judith Bar
- Department of Wellness and Preventive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jessica Caldwell
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo, Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | | | - Sandra Darling
- Department of Wellness and Preventive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephen Dombrowski
- Department of Wellness and Preventive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa Gallagher
- Arts and Medicine Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara Lazar
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erik Modlo
- Cleveland Clinic, Center for Functional Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jim Perko
- Department of Wellness and Preventive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Martha Sajatovic
- Neurological and Behavioral Outcomes Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bikat Tilahun
- Cleveland Clinic, Epilepsy Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Imad Najm
- Cleveland Clinic, Epilepsy Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Hu X, Wang Z, Wang W, Cui P, Kong C, Chen X, Lu S. Irisin as an agent for protecting against osteoporosis: A review of the current mechanisms and pathways. J Adv Res 2024; 62:175-186. [PMID: 37669714 PMCID: PMC11331170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is recognized as a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone tissue quality and density. Regular physical exercise is widely acknowledged to preserve and enhance bone health, but the detailed molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. Irisin, a factor derived from muscle during exercise, influences bone and muscle. Since its discovery in 2012, irisin has been found to promote bone growth and reduce bone resorption, establishing a tangible link between muscle exertion and bone health. Consequently, the mechanism by which irisin prevents osteoporosis have attracted significant scientific interest. AIM OF THE REVIEW This study aims to elucidate the multifaceted relationship between exercise, irisin, and bone health. Focusing on irisin, a muscle-derived factor released during exercise, we seek to understand its role in promoting bone growth and inhibiting resorption. Through a review of current research article on irisin in osteoporosis, Our review provides a deep dive into existing research on influence of irisin in osteoporosis, exploring its interaction with pivotal signaling pathways and its impact on various cell death mechanisms and inflammation. We aim to uncover the molecular underpinnings of how irisin, secreted during exercise, can serve as a therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF THE REVIEW Irisin, secreted during exercise, plays a vital role in bridging muscle function to bone health. It not only promotes bone growth but also inhibits bone resorption. Specifically, Irisin fosters osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization predominantly through the ERK, p38, and AMPK signaling pathways. Concurrently, it regulates osteoclast differentiation and maturation via the JNK, Wnt/β-catenin and RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathways. This review further delves into the profound significance of irisin in osteoporosis and its involvement in diverse cellular death mechanisms, including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chao Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Shibao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
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Miron VV, Assmann CE, Mostardeiro VB, da Silveira MV, Copetti PM, Bissacotti BF, Schirmann AA, Castro MFV, Gutierres JM, da Cruz Fernandes M, Viero FT, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Cardoso AM. Neuroprotective effect of long-term resistance physical exercise against memory damage elicited by a lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation model in male rats. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25370. [PMID: 39158105 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Resistance exercise training (RET) is considered an excellent tool for preventing diseases with an inflammatory background. Its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties are responsible for positively modulating cholinergic and oxidative systems, promoting neurogenesis, and improving memory. However, the mechanisms behind these actions are largely unknown. In order to investigate the pathways related to these effects of exercise, we conducted a 12-week long-term exercise training protocol and used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce damage to the cortex and hippocampus of male Wistar rats. The cholinergic system, oxidative stress, and histochemical parameters were analyzed in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, and memory tests were also performed. It was observed that LPS: (1) caused memory loss in the novel object recognition (NOR) test; (2) increased the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Iba1 protein density; (3) reduced the protein density of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (CHRM1); (4) elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and reactive species (RS); and (5) caused inflammatory damage to the dentate gyrus. RET, on the other hand, was able to prevent all alterations induced by LPS, as well as increase per se the protein density of the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRα7) and Nestin, and the levels of protein thiols (T-SH). Overall, our study elucidates some mechanisms that support resistance physical exercise as a valuable approach against LPS-induced neuroinflammation and memory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Valéria Miron
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Marcylene Vieira da Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marquezan Copetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Bianca Fagan Bissacotti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Adriel Antonio Schirmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Milagros Fanny Vera Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jessié Martins Gutierres
- Pathology Research Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilda da Cruz Fernandes
- Pathology Research Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tibolla Viero
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Morsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Cardoso
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of the South Border, Chapecó, Brazil
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Wang H, Dai Y, Tai Y, Zhou Z, Zhou X, Li B, Yu L. Causal associations of physical activity and leisure sedentary behaviors with age at onset of Huntington's disease: A mendelian randomization study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 127:107080. [PMID: 39096550 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.107080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which effective therapies are currently lacking. Studies suggest that increasing physical activity (PA) and reducing leisure sedentary behavior (LSB) mitigate the progression of HD, but their causal relationship with the age at onset (AAO) of HD remains uncertain. To investigate this, we conducted the Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR). METHODS Exposure were retrieved from the UK BioBank's (UKB) Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). PA included accelerometer-based average PA, vigorous PA, self-reported moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and light do-it-yourself activity. LSB included television (TV) time, computer time, and driving time. Outcome came from the GWAS of the GEM-HD Consortium. We applied several MR methods such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median (WM) for sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Increases in light PA (β = 8.53 years, 95 % CI = 10.64 to 44.09, P = 0.001) and accelerometer-based vigorous PA (β = 5.18, 95 % CI = 0.92 to 9.43, P = 0.017) delayed AAO of HD, while longer TV time was associated with earlier AAO of HD (β = -2.88 years, 95 % CI = -4.99 to -0.77, P = 0.007). However, other PA and LSB phenotypes did not significantly affect AAO of HD. CONCLUSION The study revealed a unidirectional causality between PA, LSB and the AAO of HD. Increasing PA and reducing TV time delay HD onset. Therefore, we recommend increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior to delay the occurrence of motor symptoms for premanifest HD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Wang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yinghong Dai
- The Joint Institute of Smoking and Health & Bioinformatics Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Yihong Tai
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zeng Zhou
- Department of Physical Education and Research, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Human Resource, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Bin Li
- The Joint Institute of Smoking and Health & Bioinformatics Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Duarte FR, Galvão LL, Rocha-Silva R, Tribess S, Santos RGD, Santos DDAT, Virtuoso Júnior JS. Leisure-time physical activity as a key protective factor against cognitive decline in older adults: an isotemporal substitution analysis. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2024; 40:e00046523. [PMID: 39082559 PMCID: PMC11290835 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen046523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to test hypothesized effects of replacing sedentary behavior with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sleep, and different domains of physical activity by equivalent amounts on suggestive cognitive decline in an older adult population. This was a cross-sectional study including 473 older adults aged ≥ 60 years. Cognitive decline was assessed using the Mini-Mental Health Examination. Physical activity, its different domains and the time of exposure to sedentary behavior were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. For data analysis, two isotemporal substitution models were constructed using Poisson regression. The first model tested the effect of sleep time, sedentary behavior, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on cognitive decline. The second model was used to determine the effect of physical activity domains (leisure, work, transport, and home), sleep time, and sedentary behavior on cognitive decline. Physical activity during leisure time was protective against cognitive decline among all domains tested, replacing sedentary behavior, sleep, and transport. Conversely, substitution of the leisure domain for sedentary behavior, sleep, and transport was considered a risk factor for cognitive decline. Leisure time proved to be a strong protective factor in reducing the risk of cognitive decline, and it is necessary to encourage and stimulate public policies that include it.
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Terra de Oliveira R, Lino TB, Scarmagnan GS, Miziara Barbosa SR, de Souza Pegorare ABG, Christofoletti G. A Controlled Clinical Trial on the Effects of Aquatic Exercise on Cognitive Functions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Brain Sci 2024; 14:703. [PMID: 39061443 PMCID: PMC11275130 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Several therapies have been developed to reduce cognitive decline associated with aging. Aquatic exercises, which are widely used to enhance functional capacity, may play a role in stimulating cognitive functions. This study investigated the effects of a 3-month aquatic exercise program on cognitive functions in community-dwelling older adults. In this prospective, single-blinded, controlled clinical trial, 31 participants were allocated to either the experimental (aquatic exercises) or control (no-exercise) group. The intervention program consisted of exercises conducted twice a week in a 1.2 m deep indoor pool. The main outcome measures were cognitive functions, assessed using Raven's Progressive Matrices test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess the impact of the exercise program. The effect sizes (η2p) were reported when a level of significance was achieved (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the participants who underwent aquatic exercises showed positive outcomes in Raven's Progressive Matrices test (p = 0.046; η2p = 0.131) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.589). Complementary analyses of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test indicated that the benefits of the aquatic exercise were observed in terms of the number of trials (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.478), number of errors (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.458), and number of non-perseverative errors (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.302). The results indicate that a period of three months of aquatic exercise was beneficial for stimulating specific aspects of the cognitive function of community-dwelling older individuals. Aquatic exercise should be prescribed to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo Christofoletti
- School of Medicine, Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79060-900, Brazil; (R.T.d.O.); (T.B.L.); (G.S.S.); (S.R.M.B.); (A.B.G.d.S.P.)
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Stavrou VT, Vavougios GD, Astara K, Mysiris DS, Tsirimona G, Papayianni E, Boutlas S, Daniil Z, Hadjigeorgiou G, Bargiotas P, Gourgoulianis KI. The Impact of Different Exercise Modes in Fitness and Cognitive Indicators: Hybrid versus Tele-Exercise in Patients with Long Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Brain Sci 2024; 14:693. [PMID: 39061433 PMCID: PMC11275076 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to obtain evidence that an unsupervised tele-exercise program (TEgroup) via an online platform is a feasible alternative to a hybrid mode of supervised and unsupervised exercise (HEgroup) sessions for improving fitness indexes, respiratory and cognitive functions, and biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients recovering from COVID-19. Forty-nine patients with long post-COVID-19 were randomly divided into two groups (HEgroup: n = 24, age 60.0 ± 9.5 years versus TEgroup: n = 25, age 58.7 ± 9.5 years). For each patient, we collected data from body composition, oxidative stress, pulmonary function, physical fitness, and cognitive function before and after the 12-week exercise rehabilitation program (ERP). Our data showed differences in both groups before and after 12-week ERP on fitness indicators, body composition, and pulmonary function indicators. Our findings demonstrated differences between groups after 12-week ERP on adjustment in the domains of cognitive function (HEgroup increased the "visuospatial" domain: 3.2 ± 1.1 versus 3.5 ± 0.8 score, p = 0.008 and TEgroup increased the "memory" domain: 3.3 ± 1.0 versus 3.8 ± 0.5 score, p = 0.003; after 12-week ERP showed differences between groups in domain "attention" TEgroup: 4.8 ± 1.5 versus HEgroup: 3.6 ± 1.8 score, p = 0.014) and the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (HEgroup increased the percent of predicted values at 0.5 ± 32.3% and TEgroup at 26.0 ± 33.1%, p < 0.001). These findings may be attributed to the different ways of learning exercise programs, resulting in the recruitment of different neural circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios T. Stavrou
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.D.V.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
- RespiHub, ONISLOS-MSCA COFUND, Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus;
| | - George D. Vavougios
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.D.V.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus;
| | - Kyriaki Astara
- Department of Neurology, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital (NIMTS), 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios S. Mysiris
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Glykeria Tsirimona
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.T.); (E.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Eirini Papayianni
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.T.); (E.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Stylianos Boutlas
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.T.); (E.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Zoe Daniil
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.D.V.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.T.); (E.P.); (S.B.)
| | | | - Panagiotis Bargiotas
- RespiHub, ONISLOS-MSCA COFUND, Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus;
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus;
| | - Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.D.V.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (G.T.); (E.P.); (S.B.)
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Zare Z, Tehrani M, Zarbakhsh S, Mohammadi M. Protective effects of treadmill exercise on apoptotic neuronal damage and astrocyte activation in ovariectomized and/or diabetic rat prefrontal cortex: molecular and histological aspects. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:754-762. [PMID: 36377197 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2148529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both estrogen deprivation and diabetes mellitus are known as risk factors for neuronal damage. Using an animal model of ovariectomized and/or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus, we examined expression of apoptosis-related proteins, neuronal damage, and astrocyte activation in prefrontal cortex of rats with/without treadmill exercise. METHODS Adult female Wistar rats were divided into control, ovariectomized (Ovx, bilateral ovariectomy), diabetic (Dia, STZ 60 mg/kg; i.p.), and ovariectomized diabetic (Ovx + Dia) groups. Next, animals in each group were randomly subdivided into non-exercise and exercise subgroups. Animals in the exercise groups underwent moderate treadmill running for 4 weeks (5 days/week). Thereafter, expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, as apoptosis-related proteins, number of neurons, and number of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells in prefrontal cortex were measured using immunoblotting, cresyl violet staining, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS In both Dia and Ovx + Dia groups, Bax and caspase-3 protein levels and number of GFAP-positive cells were higher than those in the control group, while Bcl-2 protein level and number of neurons compared were lower than the control group. Beneficial effects of exercise to prevent apoptosis-mediated neuronal damage and astrocyte activation were also observed in the Dia group. CONCLUSION Based on our results, physical exercise could be beneficial to attenuate diabetes-induced neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex via inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Zare
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tehrani
- Department of Immunology, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sam Zarbakhsh
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Moslem Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Zhang J, Xie D, Jiao D, Zhou S, Liu S, Ju Z, Hu L, Qi L, Yao C, Zhao C. From inflammatory signaling to neuronal damage: Exploring NLR inflammasomes in ageing neurological disorders. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32688. [PMID: 38975145 PMCID: PMC11226848 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The persistence of neuronal degeneration and damage is a major obstacle in ageing medicine. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors detect environmental stressors and trigger the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can cause neuronal damage and accelerate cell death. NLR (NOD-like receptors) inflammasomes are protein complexes that contain NOD-like receptors. Studying the role of NLR inflammasomes in ageing-related neurological disorders can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of neurodegeneration. This includes investigating their activation of inflammasomes, transcription, and capacity to promote or inhibit inflammatory signaling, as well as exploring strategies to regulate NLR inflammasomes levels. This review summarizes the use of NLR inflammasomes in guiding neuronal degeneration and injury during the ageing process, covering several neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, and peripheral neuropathies. To improve the quality of life and slow the progression of neurological damage, NLR-based treatment strategies, including inhibitor-related therapies and physical therapy, are presented. Additionally, important connections between age-related neurological disorders and NLR inflammasomes are highlighted to guide future research and facilitate the development of new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Danli Jiao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shimin Liu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ziyong Ju
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Hu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Qi
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chongjie Yao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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11
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Da Silva-Grigoletto ME, Pereira-Monteiro MR, Aragão-Santos JC, Vasconcelos ABS, Marcos-Pardo PJ, Fortes LDS. Brain functional training: a perspective article. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1368878. [PMID: 38974345 PMCID: PMC11224132 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1368878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Physical exercise (PE) positively affects the nervous system, impacting morphology and physiology. It increases brain gray and white matter, improves cerebral blood flow, and stimulates neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and angiogenesis, promoting brain function. Although exercise already affects cognition, some training modalities place greater demands on the cognitive aspects of physical exercise, such as perceptual-motor and visual-motor training. This type of approach aims to emphasize the cognitive adaptations that occur chronically. Specifically for older people, functional training, a multi-component approach, is a promising exercise modality that stimulates functionality using multi-joint, multi-planar exercises mirroring daily activities. However, applying a greater focus on cognitive adaptations in line with the functional training proposal for maximal benefits remains underexplored. Aim: Thus, this perspective article initially explores different exercise approaches emphasizing cognitive adaptations and proposes Brain Functional Training to improve older adult's functionality. Methods: Furthermore, we explain how brain functional training can be explored to emphasize cognitive aspects based on increasing complexity to stimulate the executive function and its subdomains. Conclusion: This proposal is one alternative to combining motor and cognitive stimuli to promote autonomy and health in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PROCFIS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - José Carlos Aragão-Santos
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PROCFIS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Health Education, Federal Univesity of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo de Sousa Fortes
- Associate Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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12
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Anderson ME, Wind EJ, Robison LS. Exploring the neuroprotective role of physical activity in cerebral small vessel disease. Brain Res 2024; 1833:148884. [PMID: 38527712 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a common neurological finding characterized by abnormalities of the small blood vessels in the brain. Previous research has established a strong connection between cSVD and stroke, as well as neurodegenerative disorders, notably Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. As the search for effective interventions continues, physical activity (PA) has emerged as a potential preventative and therapeutic avenue. This review synthesizes the human and animal literature on the influence of PA on cSVD, highlighting the importance of determining optimal exercise protocols, considering aspects such as intensity, duration, timing, and exercise type. Furthermore, the necessity of widening the age bracket in research samples is discussed, ensuring a holistic understanding of the interventions across varying pathological stages of the disease. The review also suggests the potential of exploring diverse biomarkers and risk profiles associated with clinically significant outcomes. Moreover, we review findings demonstrating the beneficial effects of PA in various rodent models of cSVD, which have uncovered numerous mechanisms of neuroprotection, including increases in neuroplasticity and integrity of the vasculature and white matter; decreases in inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction; and alterations in amyloid processing and neurotransmitter signaling. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential of physical activity as a preventive strategy for addressing cSVD, offering insights into the need for refining exercise parameters, diversifying research populations, and exploring novel biomarkers, while shedding light on the intricate mechanisms through which exercise confers neuroprotection in both humans and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Family, and Justice Studies, University of Saint Joseph, 1678 Asylum Ave, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA
| | - Eleanor J Wind
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, 3300 S. University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Lisa S Robison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, 3300 S. University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA.
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13
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Fischetti F, Pepe I, Greco G, Ranieri M, Poli L, Cataldi S, Vimercati L. Ten-Minute Physical Activity Breaks Improve Attention and Executive Functions in Healthcare Workers. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:102. [PMID: 38921638 PMCID: PMC11205001 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Occupational health is a major problem in modern work environments. Physical activity breaks (PABs), short exercise periods delivered during working hours, incorporating exergames or outdoor activities, have emerged as a novel approach that could be used to improve work efficiency and workplace wellbeing. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of PABs on attention levels and executive functions in healthcare workers. A total of 27 healthcare workers (M = 14, W = 13; 49.55 ± 12.46 years), after 4 h of work, randomly performed one of three 10 min conditions weekly in a counterbalanced order: No Physical Activity Break (NPAB); Outdoor Physical Activity Break (OPAB); Physical Activity Break with Exergame (PABEx). After the conditions, executive functions and selective attention were assessed by the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), and the Trail Making A,B test (TMT A,B), respectively. Significant differences between OPAB and NPAB as well as between PABEx and NPAB in the TMT-A test χ2(2) = 44.66 (p < 0.001) and TMT-B test χ2(2) = 48.67 (p < 0.001) were found, respectively. TMT-A and SCWT interference/time scores of the PABEx and OPAB conditions were significantly lower than those of NPAB (p < 0.001). In the SCWT interference/error score, no significant difference was found between the PABEx and NPAB (p > 0.05), but the score was statistically lower in the OPAB condition than PABEx (p = 0.001) and PABEx condition compared to OPAB for TMT-A (p = 0.001). Findings showed that the OPAB and PABEx conditions are effective in improving selective attention and executive functions in healthcare workers. Employers can foster a healthier and more productive workforce by promoting a culture of movement and prioritizing employee health, which in turn can enhance patient care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fischetti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.); (M.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilaria Pepe
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.); (M.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Gianpiero Greco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.); (M.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Maurizio Ranieri
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.); (M.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Luca Poli
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.); (M.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Stefania Cataldi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.); (M.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Luigi Vimercati
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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14
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Xie W, Lu D, Liu S, Li J, Li R. The optimal exercise intervention for sleep quality in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Prev Med 2024; 183:107955. [PMID: 38641082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of various exercise modalities on the improvement of sleep quality in adults remains controversial. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to perform a network meta-analysis to analyze the effects of different exercise interventions on sleep quality in adults. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases were searched for studies published from March 18, 1993, to March 18, 2023. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Then, a random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted within a frequentist framework. RESULTS A total of 2142 participants from 27 randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. Exercise modalities such as Pilates, yoga, and traditional Chinese exercises were found to significantly improve sleep quality when compared to a no-exercise control group, with Pilates exhibiting the most potent effect at a 95.3% improvement level. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that exercise interventions are effective in enhancing sleep quality in adults. Adapting exercise to individual preferences and needs may maximize the sleep-related benefits of the activity. REGISTRATION The review was registered with PROSPERO, registration number CRD42023434565.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xie
- Beijing Sport University, Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Beijing Sport University, Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Siyou Liu
- Beijing Sport University, Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junping Li
- Beijing Sport University, Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Beijing Sport University, College of Education,Beijing 100084, China
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15
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Zare Z, Shafia S, Mohammadi M. Thyroid hormone deficiency affects anxiety-related behaviors and expression of hippocampal glutamate transporters in male congenital hypothyroid rat offspring. Horm Behav 2024; 162:105548. [PMID: 38636205 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are crucial for brain development and their deficiency during fetal and postnatal periods can lead to mood and cognitive disorders. We aimed to examine the consequences of thyroid hormone deficiency on anxiety-related behaviors and protein expression of hippocampal glutamate transporters in congenital hypothyroid male offspring rats. Possible beneficial effects of treadmill exercise have also been examined. Congenital hypothyroidism was induced by adding propylthiouracil (PTU) to drinking water of pregnant Wistar rats from gestational day 6 until the end of the weaning period (postnatal day 28). Next, following 4 weeks of treadmill exercise (5 days per week), anxiety-related behaviors were examined using elevated plus maze (EPM) and light/dark box tests. Thereafter, protein expression of astrocytic (GLAST and GLT-1) and neuronal (EAAC1) glutamate transporters were measured in the hippocampus by immunoblotting. Hypothyroid rats showed decreased anxiety-like behavior, as measured by longer time spent in the open arms of the EPM and in the light area of the light/dark box, compared to control rats. Hypothyroid rats had significantly higher GLAST and GLT-1 and lower EAAC1 protein levels in the hippocampus than did the euthyroid rats. Following exercise, anxiety levels decreased in the euthyroid group while protein expression of EAAC1 increased and returned to normal levels in the hypothyroid group. Our findings indicate that thyroid hormone deficiency was associated with alterations in protein expression of glutamate transporters in the hippocampus. Up-regulation of hippocampal GLAST and GLT-1 could be at least one of the mechanisms associated with the anxiolytic effects of congenital hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Zare
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shafia
- Department of Physiology, Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Moslem Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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16
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Sadri I, Nikookheslat SD, Karimi P, Khani M, Nadimi S. Aerobic exercise training improves memory function through modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and synaptic proteins in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of type 2 diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:849-858. [PMID: 38932906 PMCID: PMC11196465 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Defective insulin signaling in the brain may disrupt hippocampal neuroplasticity resulting in learning and memory impairments. Thus, this study investigated the effect of aerobic exercise training on cognitive function and synaptic protein markers in diabetic rats. Materials and methods Twenty male Wistar rats (200-250 g), were fed on high-fat diet and received a low dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, i.p) to induce type 2 diabetes. Then diabetic animals were randomly divided into sedentary and training groups. The exercise training program was treadmill running at 27 m/min for 60 min/day for 8 weeks. One day after the last training session, Morris Water Maze (MWM) task was performed to evaluate spatial learning and memory. Then, the hippocamp and prefrontal cortex tissues were instantly dissected for immunoblotting assay of BDNF, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, P38, p-P38, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, heat shock protein-27 (HSP27), SNAP-25, synaptophysin, and PSD-95. Independent t-test analysis and two-way ANOVA was used to determine the differences under significance level of 0.05 using the 26th version of IBM SPSS statistical software. Results The results showed that aerobic exercise improved memory as assessed in the MWM task. Moreover, aerobic exercise up-regulated HSP27 and BDNF protein levels in the prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus coincided with robust elevations in SNAP25 and PSD-95 levels. Moreover, exercise reduced phosphorylated P38, while increased p-ERK1/2 and p-GSK-3β (p). Conclusion Our findings suggest that aerobic exercise may debilitate the harmful effects of diabetes on the cognitive function possibly through enhancing synaptic protein markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Sadri
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, 5381637181 Iran
| | - Saeid Dabbagh Nikookheslat
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
| | - Pouran Karimi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Khani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
| | - Sanaz Nadimi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON Canada
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17
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Shen J, Wang X, Wang M, Zhang H. Potential molecular mechanism of exercise reversing insulin resistance and improving neurodegenerative diseases. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1337442. [PMID: 38818523 PMCID: PMC11137309 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1337442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are debilitating nervous system disorders attributed to various conditions such as body aging, gene mutations, genetic factors, and immune system disorders. Prominent neurodegenerative diseases include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. Insulin resistance refers to the inability of the peripheral and central tissues of the body to respond to insulin and effectively regulate blood sugar levels. Insulin resistance has been observed in various neurodegenerative diseases and has been suggested to induce the occurrence, development, and exacerbation of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, an increasing number of studies have suggested that reversing insulin resistance may be a critical intervention for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Among the numerous measures available to improve insulin sensitivity, exercise is a widely accepted strategy due to its convenience, affordability, and significant impact on increasing insulin sensitivity. This review examines the association between neurodegenerative diseases and insulin resistance and highlights the molecular mechanisms by which exercise can reverse insulin resistance under these conditions. The focus was on regulating insulin resistance through exercise and providing practical ideas and suggestions for future research focused on exercise-induced insulin sensitivity in the context of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Shen
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xianping Wang
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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18
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Caldarelli M, Rio P, Marrone A, Ocarino F, Chiantore M, Candelli M, Gasbarrini A, Gambassi G, Cianci R. Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Sex Differences in Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5377. [PMID: 38791415 PMCID: PMC11120930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of the "gut-brain axis". In addition to well-studied diseases associated with an imbalance in gut microbiota, such as cancer, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases, research is now exploring the potential role of gut microbial dysbiosis in the onset and development of brain-related diseases. When the function of the intestinal barrier is altered by dysbiosis, the aberrant immune system response interacts with the nervous system, leading to a state of "neuroinflammation". The gut microbiota-brain axis is mediated by inflammatory and immunological mechanisms, neurotransmitters, and neuroendocrine pathways. This narrative review aims to illustrate the molecular basis of neuroinflammation and elaborate on the concept of the gut-brain axis by virtue of analyzing the various metabolites produced by the gut microbiome and how they might impact the nervous system. Additionally, the current review will highlight how sex influences these molecular mechanisms. In fact, sex hormones impact the brain-gut microbiota axis at different levels, such as the central nervous system, the enteric nervous one, and enteroendocrine cells. A deeper understanding of the gut-brain axis in human health and disease is crucial to guide diagnoses, treatments, and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caldarelli
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Rio
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Marrone
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Ocarino
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Chiantore
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gambassi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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19
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Liu R, Gao XY, Wang L. Network meta-analysis of the intervention effects of different exercise measures on Sarcopenia in cancer patients. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1281. [PMID: 38730397 PMCID: PMC11083843 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18493-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the impact of four exercise modes (aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, aerobic combined with resistance multimodal exercise, and stretching) on the physical performance of cancer patients. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were exclusively collected from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library, with a search deadline of April 30, 2023. Different exercise interventions on the physical performance of cancer patients were studied, and the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was employed to evaluate the quality of the included literature. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 15.1 software. RESULTS This study included ten randomized controlled trials with a combined sample size of 503 participants. Network meta-analysis results revealed that aerobic combined with resistance multimodal exercise could reduce fat mass in cancer patients (SUCRA: 92.3%). Resistance exercise could improve lean mass in cancer patients (SUCRA: 95.7%). Furthermore, resistance exercise could enhance leg extension functionality in cancer patients with sarcopenia (SUCRA: 83.0%). CONCLUSION This study suggests that resistance exercise may be more beneficial for cancer-related sarcopenia.In clinical practice, exercise interventions should be tailored to the individual patients' circumstances. REGISTRATION NUMBER This review was registered on INPLASY2023110025; DOI number is https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.11.0025 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Special Medical Care, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chaoyang district, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - X Y Gao
- Department of Special Medical Care, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chaoyang district, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Special Medical Care, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chaoyang district, 100021, Beijing, China.
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20
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Li L, Jia S, Wang P, Li S, Wang X, Zhu X. A network meta-analysis of the effect of physical exercise on core symptoms in patients with autism spectrum disorders. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1360434. [PMID: 38784898 PMCID: PMC11113547 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1360434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the effects of various sports exercise programs on the core symptoms of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods We searched the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP databases, Wanfang databases, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from their inception to February 2023 for randomized controlled trial that investigated the effect of sports exercise on the core symptoms of ASD. The overall risk of bias in the included literature was summarized using the revised Cochrane Randomized Trial Risk of Bias Tool (ROB2), and network meta-analysis was used to compare the intervention effects. Results A total of 30 studies involving 1,375 participants were included. The results showed that sports exercise programs, including 8-12 weeks of ball sports (SMD = -5.35, 95%CI: -7.57, -3.23), horse riding (SMD = -3.71, 95%CI: -6.18, -1.13), 8-12 weeks of comprehensive sports exercise (SMD = -2.17, 95%CI: -3.99, -0.44), and more than 12 weeks of comprehensive sports exercise (SMD = -3.75, 95%CI: -6.33, -1.24), significantly improved social interaction disorders. Furthermore, 8-12 weeks of ball sports (SMD = -4.36, 95%CI: 2.04, 6.73) and more than 12 weeks of comprehensive sports exercise (SMD = 3.65, 95%CI: 1.40, 6.08) significantly improved repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. Conclusion Sports exercise can improve the core symptoms of ASD patients, and different symptoms show a selective response to different exercise elements. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023455806.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Sports Department, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuqi Jia
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shufan Li
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhu
- Guangxi Health Science College, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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21
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Alanazi MA. The Role of Physical Activity in Adjunctive Nursing Management of Neuro-Degenerative Diseases among Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Interventional Studies. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:597. [PMID: 38792618 PMCID: PMC11122640 DOI: 10.3390/life14050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Parkinson's disease pose significant challenges to older adults globally. While pharmacological treatments remain primary, increasing evidence supports the role of non-pharmacological strategies like physical activity in managing these conditions. This systematic review critically evaluates the effectiveness of Nursing based physical activity interventions in improving cognitive function, physical functioning, mobility, and overall quality of life among older adults with neurodegenerative diseases. We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and other relevant databases, focusing on randomized controlled trials and observational studies that examined the impact of structured physical activity. Our findings from nineteen studies involving 1673 participants indicate that interventions ranging from aerobic exercises, resistance training, to mind-body exercises like Tai Chi and yoga have beneficial effects. Specifically, physical activity was consistently found to enhance cognitive performance, increase mobility, and improve balance and daily living activities, contributing to a better quality of life. However, these benefits vary depending on the type, intensity, and duration of the activity performed. Despite promising results, limitations such as small sample sizes, study heterogeneity, and short-term follow-up periods call for more robust, long-term studies to solidify these findings. This review underscores the potential of tailored physical activity programs as adjunctive therapy in the comprehensive management of neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Awad Alanazi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Zhang Q, Jing Y, Gong Q, Cai L, Wang R, Yang D, Wang L, Qu M, Chen H, Tang Y, Tian H, Ding J, Xu Z. Endorepellin downregulation promotes angiogenesis after experimental traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1092-1097. [PMID: 37862213 PMCID: PMC10749628 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endorepellin plays a key role in the regulation of angiogenesis, but its effects on angiogenesis after traumatic brain injury are unclear. This study explored the effects of endorepellin on angiogenesis and neurobehavioral outcomes after traumatic brain injury in mice. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: sham, controlled cortical impact only, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-green fluorescent protein, and AAV-shEndorepellin-green fluorescent protein groups. In the controlled cortical impact model, the transduction of AAV-shEndorepellin-green fluorescent protein downregulated endorepellin while increasing the number of CD31+/Ki-67+ proliferating endothelial cells and the functional microvessel density in mouse brain. These changes resulted in improved neurological function compared with controlled cortical impact mice. Western blotting revealed increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1 in mice treated with AAV-shEndorepellin-green fluorescent protein. Synchrotron radiation angiography showed that endorepellin downregulation promoted angiogenesis and increased cortical neovascularization, which may further improve neurobehavioral outcomes. Furthermore, an in vitro study showed that downregulation of endorepellin increased tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells compared with a control. Mechanistic analysis found that endorepellin downregulation may mediate angiogenesis by activating vascular endothelial growth factor- and angiopoietin-1-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyuan Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dianxu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meijie Qu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaohui Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengli Tian
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Yaqoob I, Gusso S, Simpson M, Meiring RM. Agreement between the activPAL accelerometer and direct observation during a series of gait and sit-to-stand tasks in people living with cervical dystonia. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1286447. [PMID: 38725651 PMCID: PMC11080616 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1286447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Accelerometers are commonly used for the assessment of PA; however, these devices have not been validated in people with dystonia who experience movement limitations. To properly understand movement behaviors and deliver accurate exercise prescription in this population, the validity of these devices must be tested. Objective This study aimed to validate step count and postural transitions detected by the activPAL accelerometer (AP) against direct observation (DO) during two functional assessments: the 30-s sit-to-stand (30STS) and 6-min usual-pace walk tests. Methods: A total of 11 participants with cervical dystonia (CD) (male/female n = 5/6; mean age = 61 years; BMI = 24 kg/m2) performed the 6-min usual pace walking and 30STS while wearing the activPAL. A trained observer counted steps and observed the number of sit-to-stands. Results The average step count detected with AP and DO was 651.8 (218-758) and 654.5 (287-798) respectively. The average transitions detected were 11 (4-16) and 12 (4-17) respectively. Both methods showed good agreement and there was a statistically significant and strong correlation between the two methods, i.e., transitions (r = 0.983, p = 0.0001), and step counts (r = 0.9841, p = 0.0001). Conclusion There is a good agreement between activPAL and direct observation for step counts and transitions between sitting and standing in people living with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Yaqoob
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Silmara Gusso
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark Simpson
- School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rebecca M. Meiring
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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24
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Belinchón-deMiguel P, Ramos-Campo DJ, Curiel-Regueros A, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. The Interplay of Sports and Nutrition in Neurological Health and Recovery. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2065. [PMID: 38610829 PMCID: PMC11012304 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the dynamic relationship between sports, nutrition, and neurological health. Focusing on recent clinical advancements, it examines how physical activity and dietary practices influence the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of various neurological conditions. The review highlights the role of neuroimaging in understanding these interactions, discusses emerging technologies in neurotherapeutic interventions, and evaluates the efficacy of sports and nutritional strategies in enhancing neurological recovery. This synthesis of current knowledge aims to provide a deeper understanding of how lifestyle factors can be integrated into clinical practices to improve neurological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.C.-R.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Pedro Belinchón-deMiguel
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Agustín Curiel-Regueros
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.C.-R.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.C.-R.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.C.-R.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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25
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Zameer U, Tariq A, Asif F, Kamran A. Empowering Minds and Bodies: The Impact of Exercise on Multiple Sclerosis and Cognitive Health. Ann Neurosci 2024; 31:121-123. [PMID: 38694717 PMCID: PMC11060125 DOI: 10.1177/09727531241227674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a global health concern affecting around 2.6 million people. It is characterised by neural inflammation, myelin breakdown and cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment, especially reduced cognitive processing speed (CPS), which affects up to 67% of MS patients and frequently manifests before mobility concerns, is one of the disease's most serious side effects. Effective adaptation and the application of cognitive rehabilitation treatments depend on the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment. Although pharmaceutical therapies have some drawbacks, endurance training has become a promising alternative. Intensity-controlled endurance exercise has the ability to delay the onset of MS symptoms and enhance cognitive function. Exercise has also been shown to have neuroprotective effects in a number of neurological disorders, including MS, Parkinson's disease and stroke. This includes both aerobic and resistance training. A mix of aerobic exercise and weight training has shown promise, especially for people with mild cognitive impairment, but according to recent studies any amount of physical activity is beneficial to cognitive performance. In conclusion, this in-depth analysis highlights the crucial part endurance exercise plays in treating MS-related cognitive impairment. It improves not only neurological health in general but also cognitive performance. Exercise can help control MS in a way that dramatically improves quality of life and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushna Zameer
- Karachi Medical and Dental Colleges, North Nazimabad, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Amna Tariq
- Jinnah Sindh Medical College, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Asif
- Jinnah Sindh Medical College, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Ateeba Kamran
- Karachi Medical and Dental Colleges, North Nazimabad, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
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26
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Liu X, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Shan C, Guo Y, Gong X, Cui M, Li X, Tang M. Correlation between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of metagenomics evidence. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:833-845. [PMID: 37843219 PMCID: PMC10664138 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor, microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota's diverse microorganisms, and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems. Here, we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases, with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome. The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated. Finally, we discuss the role of diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hantao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaofan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinglu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiubin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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27
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Skovbjerg G, Fritzen AM, Svendsen CSA, Perens J, Skytte JL, Lund C, Lund J, Madsen MR, Roostalu U, Hecksher-Sørensen J, Clemmensen C. Atlas of exercise-induced brain activation in mice. Mol Metab 2024; 82:101907. [PMID: 38428817 PMCID: PMC10943479 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is significant interest in uncovering the mechanisms through which exercise enhances cognition, memory, and mood, and lowers the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we utilize forced treadmill running and distance-matched voluntary wheel running, coupled with light sheet 3D brain imaging and c-Fos immunohistochemistry, to generate a comprehensive atlas of exercise-induced brain activation in mice. METHODS To investigate the effects of exercise on brain activity, we compared whole-brain activation profiles of mice subjected to treadmill running with mice subjected to distance-matched wheel running. Male mice were assigned to one of four groups: a) an acute bout of voluntary wheel running, b) confinement to a cage with a locked running wheel, c) forced treadmill running, or d) placement on an inactive treadmill. Immediately following each exercise or control intervention, blood samples were collected for plasma analysis, and brains were collected for whole-brain c-Fos quantification. RESULTS Our dataset reveals 255 brain regions activated by acute exercise in mice, the majority of which have not previously been linked to exercise. We find a broad response of 140 regulated brain regions that are shared between voluntary wheel running and treadmill running, while 32 brain regions are uniquely regulated by wheel running and 83 brain regions uniquely regulated by treadmill running. In contrast to voluntary wheel running, forced treadmill running triggers activity in brain regions associated with stress, fear, and pain. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate a significant overlap in neuronal activation signatures between voluntary wheel running and distance-matched forced treadmill running. However, our analysis also reveals notable differences and subtle nuances between these two widely used paradigms. The comprehensive dataset is accessible online at www.neuropedia.dk, with the aim of enabling future research directed towards unraveling the neurobiological response to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grethe Skovbjerg
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Gubra, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Andreas Mæchel Fritzen
- August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Sashi Aier Svendsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Camilla Lund
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Lund
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Christoffer Clemmensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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28
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Pereira ADS, Bottari NB, Nauderer JN, Assmann CE, Copetti PM, Reichert KP, Mostardeiro VB, da Silveira MV, Morsch VMM, Schetinger MRC. Purinergic signaling influences the neuroinflammatory outcomes of a testosterone-derived synthetic in female rats: Resistance training protective effects on brain health. Steroids 2024; 203:109352. [PMID: 38128896 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise is recognized as a non-pharmacological approach to treat and protect against several neuroinflammatory conditions and thus to prevent brain disorders. However, the interest in ergogenic resources by athletes and bodybuilding practitioners is widespread and on the rise. These substances shorten the process of performance gain and improve aesthetics, having led to the prominent use and abuse of hormones in the past years. Recent evidence has shown that the purinergic system, composed of adenine nucleotides, nucleosides, enzymes, and receptors, participates in a wide range of processes within the brain, such as neuroinflammation, neuromodulation, and cellular communication. Here, we investigated the effects of the anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) testosterone (TES) at a dose of 70 mg/kg/week in female rats and the neuroprotective effect of resistance exercise related to the purinergic system and oxidative stress parameters. Our findings showed a decrease in ATP and ADO hydrolysis in treated and trained animals. Furthermore, there was an increase in the density of purinoceptors (P2X7 and A2A) and inflammatory markers (IBA-1, NRLP3, CASP-1, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the cerebral cortex of animals that received AAS. On the other hand, exercise reversed neuroinflammatory parameters such as IBA-1, NLRP3, CASP-1, and IL-1β and improved antioxidant response and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine levels. Overall, this study shows that the use of TES without indication or prescription disrupts brain homeostasis, as demonstrated by the increase in neuroinflammation, and that the practice of exercise can protect brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline da Silva Pereira
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nathieli Bianchin Bottari
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jelson Norberto Nauderer
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marquezan Copetti
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Paula Reichert
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcylene Vieira da Silveira
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Melchiors Morsch
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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29
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Fukui K, You F, Kato Y, Yuzawa S, Kishimoto A, Hara T, Kanome Y, Harakawa Y, Yoshikawa T, Inufusa H. A mixed antioxidant supplement improves cognitive function, and coordination in aged mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2024; 74:119-126. [PMID: 38510681 PMCID: PMC10948352 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of oxidative damage increases the risk of several disorders. To prevent these diseases, people consume supplements. However, there is little evidence of the impact of supplement intake on cognitive function. Recently, frailty and sarcopenia have become serious issues, and these phenomena include a risk of mild cognitive impairment. In this study, aged mice were fed the combination supplement and cognitive and motor functions were measured. Following 1 month of treatment with the supplement, significant improvements in cognitive function and neuromuscular coordination were observed. Following 2 weeks of treadmill training, treatment with the supplement dramatically increased running distance compared to that in untreated normal aged mice. Serum indices such as triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly decreased in the supplement-treated aged mice compared to untreated aged mice. These results indicate that the combination supplement may play a role in maintaining cognitive function, coordination ability and improving lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Fukui
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of System Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Fukka You
- Division of Anti-oxidant Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
- Anti-oxidant Research Laboratory, Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanakamonzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8225, Japan
| | - Yugo Kato
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of System Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Shuya Yuzawa
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of System Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Ayuta Kishimoto
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of System Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Takuma Hara
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of System Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanome
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of System Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Harakawa
- Division of Anti-oxidant Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Yoshikawa
- Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanakamonzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8225, Japan
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Inufusa
- Division of Anti-oxidant Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
- Anti-oxidant Research Laboratory, Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanakamonzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8225, Japan
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30
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Maqsood R, Schofield S, Bennett AN, Khattab A, Clark C, Bull AMJ, Fear NT, Boos CJ. The Influence of Physical and Mental Health Mediators on the Relationship Between Combat-Related Traumatic Injury and Ultra-Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in a U.K. Military Cohort: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Mil Med 2024; 189:e758-e765. [PMID: 37656495 PMCID: PMC10898941 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Combat-related traumatic injury (CRTI) adversely affects heart rate variability (HRV). The mediating effect of mental and physical health factors on the relationship between CRTI, its severity and HRV has not been previously studied and investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional mediation analysis of the ArmeD SerVices TrAuma and RehabilitatioN OutComE (ADVANCE) prospective cohort study was performed. The sample consisted of injured and uninjured British male servicemen who were frequency-matched based on their age, rank, role-in-theater, and deployment to Afghanistan (2003-2014). CRTI and injury severity (the New Injury Severity Scores [NISS] [NISS < 25 and NISS ≥ 25]) were included as exposure variables. HRV was quantified using the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) obtained using pulse waveform analysis. Depression and anxiety mediators were quantified using the Patient Health Questionnaire and Generalized Anxiety Disorder, respectively. Body mass index and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) represented physical health measures. Two mediation pathways between exposure and outcome variables were examined in comparison with the uninjured group using structural equation modeling. RESULTS Of 862 servicemen, 428 were injured and 434 were uninjured with the mean age at assessment of 33.9 ± 5.4 (range 23-59) years. Structural equation modeling revealed that depression, anxiety, and body mass index did not significantly mediate the relationship between injury/injury severity and RMSSD. However, the 6MWT significantly mediated the relationship between CRTI and RMSSD (27% mediation). The indirect effect of 6MWT on the relationship between injury severity (NISS ≥ 25 vs. uninjured) and RMSSD was -0.06 (95% CI: -0.12, -0.00, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that greater physical function may improve HRV following CRTI. Longitudinal studies are warranted to further validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeea Maqsood
- Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Susie Schofield
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Alexander N Bennett
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LR, UK
- Academic Department of Military Rehabilitation, Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Stanford Hall Estate, Nottinghamshire LE12 5QW, UK
| | - Ahmed Khattab
- Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK
| | - Carol Clark
- Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK
| | - Anthony M J Bull
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Nicola T Fear
- Academic Department of Military Mental Health and King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Christopher J Boos
- Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Dorset, Poole BH15 2JB, UK
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31
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Psarianos A, Chryssanthopoulos C, Theocharis A, Paparrigopoulos T, Philippou A. Effects of a Two-Month Exercise Training Program on Concurrent Non-Opiate Substance Use in Opioid-Dependent Patients during Substitution Treatment. J Clin Med 2024; 13:941. [PMID: 38398255 PMCID: PMC10888880 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of a two-month exercise intervention on the concurrent non-opiate substance use (alcohol, cocaine, cannabis, and benzodiazepines) in opioid users during their medication treatment. METHODS Ninety opioid users (41 females) in methadone and buprenorphine medication treatment were randomly divided into four groups: (a) buprenorphine experimental (BEX; n = 26, aged 41.9 ± 6.1 yrs); (b) buprenorphine control (BCON; n = 25, aged 41.9 ± 5.6 yrs); (c) methadone experimental (MEX; n = 20, aged 46.7 ± 6.6 yrs); and (d) methadone control (MCON; n = 19, aged 46.1 ± 7.5 yrs). The experimental groups (BEX and MEX) followed an aerobic exercise training program on a treadmill for 20 min at 70% HRmax, 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics, as well as non-opioid drug use in days and quantity per week, were assessed before and after the intervention period. RESULTS Following the exercise training, the weekly non-opioid substance consumption (days) decreased (p < 0.05) in both exercise groups and was lower in BEX compared to MEX, while no differences were observed (p > 0.05) between the control groups (BCON vs. MCON) or compared to their baseline levels. Similarly, the daily amount of non-opiate substance intake was reduced (p < 0.05) post-training in BEX and MEX, whereas it did not differ (p > 0.05) in BCON and MCON compared to the baseline. CONCLUSIONS The two-month exercise intervention reduced the non-opioid drug use in both the methadone and buprenorphine substitution groups compared to the controls, suggesting that aerobic exercise training may be an effective strategy for treating patients with OUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Psarianos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.P.)
- Greek Organization Against Drugs (OΚAΝA), 10433 Athens, Greece;
| | - Costas Chryssanthopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Thomas Paparrigopoulos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.P.)
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Zhao R. Exercise mimetics: a novel strategy to combat neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:40. [PMID: 38308368 PMCID: PMC10837901 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the stimulation of resident immune cells of the brain and the penetration of peripheral immune cells. These inflammatory processes facilitate the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Managing neuroinflammation to restore immune homeostasis and decrease neuronal damage is a therapeutic approach for AD. One way to achieve this is through exercise, which can improve brain function and protect against neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction in AD models. The neuroprotective impact of exercise is regulated by various molecular factors that can be activated in the same way as exercise by the administration of their mimetics. Recent evidence has proven some exercise mimetics effective in alleviating neuroinflammation and AD, and, additionally, they are a helpful alternative option for patients who are unable to perform regular physical exercise to manage neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on exercise mimetics, including their efficacy, regulatory mechanisms, progress, challenges, limitations, and future guidance for their application in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renqing Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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33
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Baudou É, Ryan JL, Cox E, Nham L, Johnston K, Bouffet É, Bartels U, Timmons B, de Medeiros C, Mabbott DJ. Optimizing an exercise training program in pediatric brain tumour survivors: Does timing postradiotherapy matter? Neurooncol Pract 2024; 11:69-81. [PMID: 38222057 PMCID: PMC10785595 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While exercise training (ET) programs show positive outcomes in cognition, motor function, and physical fitness in pediatric brain tumor (PBT) survivors, little is known about the optimal timing of intervention. The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility and benefits of ET based on its timing after radiotherapy. Methods This retrospective analysis (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01944761) analyzed data based on the timing of PBT survivors' participation in an ET program relative to their completion of radiotherapy: <2 years (n = 9), 2-5 years (n = 10), and > 5 years (n = 13). We used repeated measures analysis of variance to compare feasibility and efficacy indicators among groups, as well as correlation analysis between ET program timing postradiotherapy and preliminary treatment effects on cognition, motor function and physical fitness outcomes. Results Two to five years postradiotherapy was the optimal time period in terms of adherence (88.5%), retention (100%), and satisfaction (more fun, more enjoyable and recommend it more to other children). However, the benefits of ET program on memory recognition (r = -0.379, P = .047) and accuracy (r = -0.430, P = .032) decreased with increased time postradiotherapy. Motor function improved in all groups, with greater improvements in bilateral coordination (P = .043) earlier postradiotherapy, and in running (P = .043) later postradiotherapy. The greatest improvement in pro-rated work rate occurred in the < 2-year group (P = .008). Conclusion Participation in an ET program should be offered as part of routine postradiotherapy care in the first 1-2 years and strongly encouraged in the first 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éloïse Baudou
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Ryan
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Cox
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Nham
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista Johnston
- Divisions of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Bouffet
- Divisions of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ute Bartels
- Divisions of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Timmons
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health and Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Cynthia de Medeiros
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donald J Mabbott
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Li LJ, Zhong XX, Tan GZ, Song MX, Li P, Liu ZX, Xiong SC, Yang DQ, Liang ZJ. Investigation of causal relationships between cortical structure and osteoporosis using two-sample Mendelian randomization. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad529. [PMID: 38216542 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The mutual interaction between bone characteristics and brain had been reported previously, yet whether the cortical structure has any relevance to osteoporosis is questionable. Therefore, we applied a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate this relationship. We utilized the bone mineral density measurements of femoral neck (n = 32,735) and lumbar spine (n = 28,498) and data on osteoporosis (7300 cases and 358,014 controls). The global surficial area and thickness and 34 specific functional regions of 51,665 patients were screened by magnetic resonance imaging. For the primary estimate, we utilized the inverse-variance weighted method. The Mendelian randomization-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, Cochran's Q test, and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis were conducted to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. We observed suggestive associations between decreased thickness in the precentral region (OR = 0.034, P = 0.003) and increased chance of having osteoporosis. The results also revealed suggestive causality of decreased bone mineral density in femoral neck to declined total cortical surface area (β = 1400.230 mm2, P = 0.003), as well as the vulnerability to osteoporosis and reduced thickness in the Parstriangularis region (β = -0.006 mm, P = 0.002). Our study supports that the brain and skeleton exhibit bidirectional crosstalk, indicating the presence of a mutual brain-bone interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Jun Li
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xian-Xing Zhong
- Guangdong Research Institute for Orthopedics and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, PR China
| | - Guo-Zhi Tan
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ming-Xi Song
- Department of Education and Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, PR China
| | - Pian Li
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Xin Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Si-Cheng Xiong
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Da-Qi Yang
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zu-Jian Liang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, PR China
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Sivertseva SA, Anfilofeva KS, Zotova AV, Kazantsev VA, Belkina AY, Volkova LI, Guseva ME, Boyko AN. [The effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation for patients with multiple sclerosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021 was evaluated in this study]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2024; 124:75-81. [PMID: 38529866 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202412403175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation (TELEREBT) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the context of the coronavirus pandemic 2020-2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 37 patients with MS who underwent a course of teleRBT. The course included 10 classes of 60 minutes for 10 days with a two-day break. Various questionnaires and scales were used to assess the effectiveness, as well as an assessment of the neurological status. RESULTS 19 patients refused to participate in the program. The level of disability on the EDSS scale decreased from 4.86±1.19 at the initial level to 4.73±1.12 after the course of teleRBT, while no statistically significant changes were found. CONCLUSION TeleRPT in patients can be an effective way to correct existing disorders. Further research is required to establish the effectiveness of teleRBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Sivertseva
- Tyumen Regional Center for Multiple Sclerosis - AO MSCH «Neftyanik», Tyumen, Russia
- Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - K S Anfilofeva
- Tyumen Regional Center for Multiple Sclerosis - AO MSCH «Neftyanik», Tyumen, Russia
| | - A V Zotova
- Tyumen Regional Center for Multiple Sclerosis - AO MSCH «Neftyanik», Tyumen, Russia
| | - V A Kazantsev
- Tyumen Regional Center for Multiple Sclerosis - AO MSCH «Neftyanik», Tyumen, Russia
- Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - A Yu Belkina
- Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
- LLC «Brain Institute Clinic», Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - L I Volkova
- Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - M E Guseva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Boyko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Center of Brain and Neurotechnologies, Moscow, Russia
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36
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Perluigi M, Di Domenico F, Butterfield DA. Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:103-197. [PMID: 37843394 PMCID: PMC11281823 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. The present review highlights the "OS hypothesis of AD," including amyloid beta-peptide-associated mechanisms, the role of lipid and protein oxidation unraveled by redox proteomics, and the antioxidant strategies that have been investigated to modulate the progression of AD. Collected studies from our groups and others have contributed to unraveling the close relationships between perturbation of redox homeostasis in the brain and AD neuropathology by elucidating redox-regulated events potentially involved in both the pathogenesis and progression of AD. However, the complexity of AD pathological mechanisms requires an in-depth understanding of several major intracellular pathways affecting redox homeostasis and relevant for brain functions. This understanding is crucial to developing pharmacological strategies targeting OS-mediated toxicity that may potentially contribute to slow AD progression as well as improve the quality of life of persons with this severe dementing disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
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Zueva MV, Neroeva NV, Zhuravleva AN, Bogolepova AN, Kotelin VV, Fadeev DV, Tsapenko IV. Fractal Phototherapy in Maximizing Retina and Brain Plasticity. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 36:585-637. [PMID: 38468055 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The neuroplasticity potential is reduced with aging and impairs during neurodegenerative diseases and brain and visual system injuries. This limits the brain's capacity to repair the structure and dynamics of its activity after lesions. Maximization of neuroplasticity is necessary to provide the maximal CNS response to therapeutic intervention and adaptive reorganization of neuronal networks in patients with degenerative pathology and traumatic injury to restore the functional activity of the brain and retina.Considering the fractal geometry and dynamics of the healthy brain and the loss of fractality in neurodegenerative pathology, we suggest that the application of self-similar visual signals with a fractal temporal structure in the stimulation therapy can reactivate the adaptive neuroplasticity and enhance the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation. This proposition was tested in the recent studies. Patients with glaucoma had a statistically significant positive effect of fractal photic therapy on light sensitivity and the perimetric MD index, which shows that methods of fractal stimulation can be a novel nonpharmacological approach to neuroprotective therapy and neurorehabilitation. In healthy rabbits, it was demonstrated that a long-term course of photostimulation with fractal signals does not harm the electroretinogram (ERG) and retina structure. Rabbits with modeled retinal atrophy showed better dynamics of the ERG restoration during daily stimulation therapy for a week in comparison with the controls. Positive changes in the retinal function can indirectly suggest the activation of its adaptive plasticity and the high potential of stimulation therapy with fractal visual stimuli in a nonpharmacological neurorehabilitation, which requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Zueva
- Department of Clinical Physiology of Vision, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V Neroeva
- Department of Pathology of the Retina and Optic Nerve, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia N Zhuravleva
- Department of Glaucoma, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna N Bogolepova
- Department of neurology, neurosurgery and medical genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav V Kotelin
- Department of Clinical Physiology of Vision, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis V Fadeev
- Scientific Experimental Center Department, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V Tsapenko
- Department of Clinical Physiology of Vision, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
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Oppegaard KR, Mayo SJ, Armstrong TS, Kober KM, Anguera J, Hammer MJ, Levine JD, Conley YP, Paul S, Cooper B, Miaskowski C. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Higher Levels of Stress Are Associated With the Co-occurrence of Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment and Anxiety. Semin Oncol Nurs 2023; 39:151513. [PMID: 37914659 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to identify subgroups of patients with distinct joint cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) AND anxiety profiles and evaluate for differences in demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as levels of global stress, cancer-specific stress, cumulative life stress, and resilience. DATA SOURCES Patients (n = 1332) completed the Attentional Function Index and the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory six times over two cycles of chemotherapy. Global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress and resilience were evaluated using Perceived Stress Scale, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Life Stressor Checklist-Revised, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, respectively. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of patients with distinct joint CRCI AND anxiety profiles. Differences were evaluated using parametric and nonparametric tests. RESULTS Three classes were identified (ie, No CRCI and Low Anxiety [57.3%], Moderate CRCI and Moderate Anxiety [34.5%], and High CRCI and High Anxiety [8.2%]). All of the stress measures showed a dose-response effect (ie, as the CRCI AND anxiety profile worsened, scores for all three types of stress increased). The two highest symptom classes reported higher occurrence rates for six specific stressors (eg, emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual harassment). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that higher levels of co-occurring CRCI AND anxiety are associated with some common risk factors, as well as higher levels of stress and lower levels of resilience. Increased knowledge of modifiable risk factors and sources of stress associated with the co-occurrence of these two symptoms will assist clinicians to identify high-risk patients and implement individualized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate R Oppegaard
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Samantha J Mayo
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg School of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Terri S Armstrong
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Office of Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kord M Kober
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Joaquin Anguera
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marilyn J Hammer
- Director of Research and Evidence-based Practice, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Jon D Levine
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Steven Paul
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bruce Cooper
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Departments of Physiological Nursing and Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
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Lin X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Chu G, Liang J, Zhang B, Lu Y, Steward O, Luo J. Synergistic effect of chemogenetic activation of corticospinal motoneurons and physical exercise in promoting functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114549. [PMID: 37774765 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Single therapeutic interventions have not yet been successful in restoring function after spinal cord injury. Accordingly, combinatorial interventions targeting multiple factors may hold greater promise for achieving maximal functional recovery. In this study, we applied a combinatorial approach of chronic chemogenetic neuronal activation and physical exercise including treadmill running and forelimb training tasks to promote functional recovery. In a mouse model of cervical (C5) dorsal hemisection of the spinal cord, which transects almost all descending corticospinal tract axons, combining selective activation of corticospinal motoneurons (CMNs) by intersectional chemogenetics with physical exercise significantly promoted functional recovery evaluated by the grid walking test, grid hanging test, rotarod test, and single pellet-reaching tasks. Electromyography and histological analysis showed increased activation of forelimb muscles via chemogenetic stimuli, and a greater density of vGlut1+ innervation in spinal cord grey matter rostral to the injury, suggesting enhanced neuroplasticity and connectivity. Combined therapy also enhanced activation of mTOR signaling and reduced apoptosis in spinal motoneurons, Counts revealed increased numbers of detectable choline acetyltransferase-positive motoneurons in the ventral horn. Taken together, the findings from this study validate a novel combinatorial approach to enhance motor function after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuejin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guangpin Chu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jingwen Liang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yisheng Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Oswald Steward
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, USA; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, USA; Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Juan Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Ji Y, Ni X, Zheng K, Jiang Y, Ren C, Zhu H, Xiao M, Wang T. Combined effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and aerobic exercise on inhibitory control function in healthy young adults: An event-related potential study. Brain Cogn 2023; 173:106090. [PMID: 37816273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2023.106090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and aerobic exercise (AE) have been demonstrated to enhance inhibitory control function in healthy individuals separately. However, the potential benefits of combining these two interventions have yet to be fully explored. In this study, we aimed to use multiple event-related potential (ERP) components (P200, N200, and N450) to investigate the combined effects of tDCS and AE on the improvement of inhibitory control ability in healthy young adults. We evaluated the influence of this combined intervention on cognitive tasks involving inhibitory control function and basic information processing by performing the Stroop Word Color task. Our results showed that compared to the application of tDCS or AE alone, the combined intervention of tDCS and AE had a greater effect on improving inhibitory control function in healthy young adults. The amplitude of P200, N200, and N450 ERP components also changed more significantly during the Stroop Word Color task. We concluded that the mechanism of tDCS combined with AE in improving inhibitory control ability may involve synergistic effects on brain structures at different levels, such as regulating interactions at the reticular activating system level and activating corresponding brain regions at the medial frontal lobe and frontal lobe levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ji
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemei Ni
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caili Ren
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haohao Zhu
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ming Xiao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhao Y, Huang B, Yu Y, Luan J, Huang S, Liu Y, Yang H, Chen Y, Yang R, Dong J, Shi H. Exercise to prevent the negative effects of sleep deprivation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105433. [PMID: 37898446 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Ample sleep is an important basis for maintaining health, however with the pace of life accelerating in modern society, more people are using sacrificial sleep to cope with these social changes. Sleep deprivation can have negative effects on cognitive performance and psychosomatic health. It is well known that exercise, as a beneficial intervention strategy for human health, has been increasingly used in the clinic. But it's not clear if it can prevent the negative effects of sleep deprivation. In this meta-analysis, we reviewed 23 articles from PubMed and Web of Science to investigate whether moderate physical exercise can prevent the negative effects of sleep deprivation in rodents. Our findings suggest that exercise can prevent sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behaviors through multiple pathways. We also discuss possible molecular mechanisms involved in this protective effect, highlighting the potential of exercise as a preventive or therapeutic strategy for sleep deprivation-induced negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Boya Huang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jiage Luan
- Nursing School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Shihao Huang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Huiping Yang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yifei Chen
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Haishui Shi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Nursing School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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Ruimonte-Crespo J, Plaza-Manzano G, Díaz-Arribas MJ, Navarro-Santana MJ, López-Marcos JJ, Fabero-Garrido R, Seijas-Fernández T, Valera-Calero JA. Aerobic Exercise and Neuropathic Pain: Insights from Animal Models and Implications for Human Therapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3174. [PMID: 38137395 PMCID: PMC10740819 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review explores the complex relationship between aerobic exercise (AE) and neuropathic pain (NP), particularly focusing on peripheral neuropathies of mechanical origin. Pain, a multifaceted phenomenon, significantly impacts functionality and distress. The International Association for the Study of Pain's definition highlights pain's biopsychosocial nature, emphasizing the importance of patient articulation. Neuropathic pain, arising from various underlying processes, presents unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Our methodology involved a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed and SCOPUS databases, focusing on studies relating AE to NP, specifically in peripheral neuropathies caused by mechanical forces. The search yielded 28 articles and 1 book, primarily animal model studies, providing insights into the efficacy of AE in NP management. Results from animal models demonstrate that AE, particularly in forms like no-incline treadmill and swimming, effectively reduces mechanical allodynia and thermal hypersensitivity associated with NP. AE influences neurophysiological mechanisms underlying NP, modulating neurotrophins, cytokines, and glial cell activity. These findings suggest AE's potential in attenuating neurophysiological alterations in NP. However, human model studies are scarce, limiting the direct extrapolation of these findings to human neuropathic conditions. The few available studies indicate AE's potential benefits in peripheral NP, but a lack of specificity in these studies necessitates further research. In conclusion, while animal models show promising results regarding AE's role in mitigating NP symptoms and influencing underlying neurophysiological mechanisms, more human-centric research is required. This review underscores the need for targeted clinical trials to fully understand and harness AE's therapeutic potential in human neuropathic pain, especially of mechanical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ruimonte-Crespo
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Díaz-Arribas
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos José Navarro-Santana
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Javier López-Marcos
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Nebrija University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Fabero-Garrido
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Tamara Seijas-Fernández
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Wang Y, Su H, Zhong J, Zhan Z, Zhao Q, Liu Y, Li S, Wang H, Yang C, Yu L, Tan B, Yin Y. Osteopontin enhances the effect of treadmill training and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:44. [PMID: 38015348 PMCID: PMC10684450 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the combined impact of osteopontin (OPN) and treadmill training on mice with spinal cord injury (SCI). OPN was overexpressed by injecting AAV9-SPP1-GFP into the sensorimotor cortex, followed by a left incomplete C5 crush injury two weeks later. Mice (Ex or Ex + OPN group) were trained at 50% maximum running speed for 8 weeks. To analyze the effects, we used biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) for tracing the corticospinal tract (CST) and performed Western blotting and immunohistochemical methods to assess the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We also examined axonal regeneration and conducted behavioral tests to measure functional recovery. The results demonstrated that treadmill training promoted the expression of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) and activated mTOR signaling. OPN amplified the effect of treadmill training on activating mTOR signaling indicated by upregulated phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6). The combination of OPN and exercise further promoted functional recovery and facilitated limited CST axonal regeneration which did not occur with treadmill training and OPN treatment alone. These findings indicate that OPN enhances the effects of treadmill training in the treatment of SCI and offer new therapeutic insights for spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Juan Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zuxiong Zhan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Special War Wound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Special War Wound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Special War Wound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ce Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Special War Wound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lehua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Botao Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Andrade-Guerrero J, Rodríguez-Arellano P, Barron-Leon N, Orta-Salazar E, Ledesma-Alonso C, Díaz-Cintra S, Soto-Rojas LO. Advancing Alzheimer's Therapeutics: Exploring the Impact of Physical Exercise in Animal Models and Patients. Cells 2023; 12:2531. [PMID: 37947609 PMCID: PMC10648553 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main neurodegenerative disorder characterized by several pathophysiological features, including the misfolding of the tau protein and the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, metabolic alterations, and cognitive impairment. These mechanisms collectively contribute to neurodegeneration, necessitating the exploration of therapeutic approaches with multiple targets. Physical exercise has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for AD, with demonstrated effects on promoting neurogenesis, activating neurotrophic factors, reducing Aβ aggregates, minimizing the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), dampening inflammatory processes, mitigating oxidative stress, and improving the functionality of the neurovascular unit (NVU). Overall, the neuroprotective effects of exercise are not singular, but are multi-targets. Numerous studies have investigated physical exercise's potential in both AD patients and animal models, employing various exercise protocols to elucidate the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and effects. The objective of this review is to analyze the neurological therapeutic effects of these exercise protocols in animal models and compare them with studies conducted in AD patients. By translating findings from different approaches, this review aims to identify opportune, specific, and personalized therapeutic windows, thus advancing research on the use of physical exercise with AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Andrade-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico;
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Paola Rodríguez-Arellano
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Nayeli Barron-Leon
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Erika Orta-Salazar
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Carlos Ledesma-Alonso
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Sofía Díaz-Cintra
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Luis O. Soto-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico;
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
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Zikereya T, Shi K, Chen W. Goal-directed and habitual control: from circuits and functions to exercise-induced neuroplasticity targets for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1254447. [PMID: 37881310 PMCID: PMC10597699 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1254447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and cognitive impairments. The progressive depletion of dopamine (DA) is the pathological basis of dysfunctional goal-directed and habitual control circuits in the basal ganglia. Exercise-induced neuroplasticity could delay disease progression by improving motor and cognitive performance in patients with PD. This paper reviews the research progress on the motor-cognitive basal ganglia circuit and summarizes the current hypotheses for explaining exercise intervention on rehabilitation in PD. Studies on exercise mediated mechanisms will contribute to the understanding of networks that regulate goal-directed and habitual behaviors and deficits in PD, facilitating the development of strategies for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talifu Zikereya
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixuan Shi
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Barbuto S, Lee S, Stein J, Kuo SH, Quinn L, Spinner M, Derovanessian T, Stern Y. Physical Activity and Fitness Levels of Individuals With Ataxia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2023; 104:1669-1675. [PMID: 37380120 PMCID: PMC10543624 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate physical activity levels of individuals with ataxia and correlate fitness to ataxia severity. DESIGN An observational study SETTING: An outpatient ataxia clinic in a large, tertiary, urban hospital in the US. PARTICIPANTS Individuals with cerebellar ataxia (N=42). INTERVENTION Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Participants were classified as sedentary or physically active using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o2max) as an indicator of fitness level was measured, and ataxia severity was determined by the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Mixed effect models were used to correlate ataxia severity to fitness levels. RESULTS Most participants (28 out of 42) lived sedentary lifestyles, and these individuals had poor fitness levels (only 67.3% of their predicted measure). The main barriers to physical activity included lack of energy, lack of time, and fear of falling. There were no differences in age, sex, disease type, disease duration, ataxia severity, fatigue level, and medication use between sedentary and active groups. Measures of V̇o2max, maximal work, maximal heart rate, and anerobic threshold demonstrated statistically significant differences between groups whereas maximal respiratory rate and expired ventilation/carbon dioxide production were similar between groups. When adjusting for age, sex, functional mobility status, and disease duration, ataxia severity was inversely correlated with fitness level in the sedentary group. There was no relationship between ataxia severity and fitness level in the 14 individuals who were physically active. CONCLUSIONS Lower fitness levels were associated with more ataxia symptoms in the sedentary group. This relationship was not seen in individuals who were more active. Given the poor health outcomes associated with low fitness, physical activity should be encouraged in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Barbuto
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Joel Stein
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Lori Quinn
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Michael Spinner
- Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, Sergievsky Center and Taub Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Therese Derovanessian
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, Sergievsky Center and Taub Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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Bonsale R, Infantino R, Perrone M, Marabese I, Ricciardi F, Fusco A, Teweldemedhin MM, Boccella S, Guida F, Rinaldi B. The long-term exercise after traumatic brain injury: Reharmonizing brain by sound body. Brain Res 2023; 1816:148471. [PMID: 37356701 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) refer to multiple acquired dysfunctions arising from damage to the brain caused by an external force, including rapid acceleration/deceleration and concussion. Among them, mild TBI (mTBI) accounts for most cases (up to 90%) of injuries. It is responsible for a variety of symptoms, including anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairments that remain difficult to be treated. It has been reported that regular physical activity, as well as, improving life quality, display a neuroprotective function, suggesting a possible role in post-traumatic rehabilitation. In this study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise in a mice mTBI model by behavioural, electrophysiological and neurochemical analysis. Daily exercise decreased anxiety, aggressive behavior, and depression in mTBI mice. Accordingly, electrophysiological and neurochemical maladaptive rearrangement occurring in the hippocampus of mTBI mice were prevented by the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbe Bonsale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosmara Infantino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Perrone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Marabese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Ricciardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Fusco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Milena Melake Teweldemedhin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Boccella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Guida
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Rinaldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
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Meng QT, Song WQ, Churilov LP, Zhang FM, Wang YF. Psychophysical therapy and underlying neuroendocrine mechanisms for the rehabilitation of long COVID-19. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1120475. [PMID: 37842301 PMCID: PMC10570751 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1120475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With the global epidemic and prevention of the COVID-19, long COVID-19 sequelae and its comprehensive prevention have attracted widespread attention. Long COVID-19 sequelae refer to that three months after acute COVID-19, the test of SARS-CoV-2 is negative, but some symptoms still exist, such as cough, prolonged dyspnea and fatigue, shortness of breath, palpitations and insomnia. Its pathological mechanism is related to direct viral damage, immunopathological response, endocrine and metabolism disorders. Although there are more effective methods for treating COVID-19, the treatment options available for patients with long COVID-19 remain quite limited. Psychophysical therapies, such as exercise, oxygen therapy, photobiomodulation, and meditation, have been attempted as treatment modalities for long COVID-19, which have the potential to promote recovery through immune regulation, antioxidant effects, and neuroendocrine regulation. Neuroendocrine regulation plays a significant role in repairing damage after viral infection, regulating immune homeostasis, and improving metabolic activity in patients with long COVID-19. This review uses oxytocin as an example to examine the neuroendocrine mechanisms involved in the psychophysical therapies of long COVID-19 syndrome and proposes a psychophysical strategy for the treatment of long COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Tai Meng
- WU Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wu-Qi Song
- WU Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Leonid P. Churilov
- Department of Experimental Tuberculosis, St. Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Feng-Min Zhang
- WU Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- International Translational Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Rocha-Gomes A, Alvarenga E Castro TP, Almeida PR, Balsamão Paes Leme PS, da Silva AA, Riul TR, Bastos CP, Leite HR. High-intensity interval training improves long-term memory and increases hippocampal antioxidant activity and BDNF levels in ovariectomized Wistar rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 453:114605. [PMID: 37517574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Menopause is the period in which women cease to produce the hormone estrogen, which can trigger physiological, cognitive, and behavioral changes. In this context, alternatives are needed that can reduce the effects provided by menopause, specifically in terms of cognitive and behavioral aspects. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an exercise protocol that has shown the potential to improve cognition by promoting an increase in antioxidant defenses and BDNF levels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HIIT on behavior and hippocampal neurochemistry in ovariectomized adult rats. Four groups of rats were divided into: females without ovariectomy surgery and sedentary (SHAM-SED); females with ovariectomy surgery and sedentary (OVX-SED); females without ovariectomy surgery and trained (SHAM-HIIT); females with ovariectomy surgery and trained (OVX-HIIT). After the surgical procedure and the HIIT protocol, the animals underwent anxiety (elevated plus maze and open field) and memory (novel object recognition) tests. Corticosterone was measured in blood and BDNF levels and redox status were evaluated in the hippocampus. The OVX-SED group showed low BDNF levels and antioxidant enzymes, which may be linked to the observed memory impairments. The HIIT protocol (SHAM-HIIT and OVX-HIIT groups) increased the BDNF levels and antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus, improving the animals' memory. However, HIIT also led to increased plasma corticosterone and anxiety-like behaviors. The ovariectomy procedure induced memory impairment probably due to reductions in hippocampal BDNF levels and redox imbalance. The HIIT protocol demonstrates promising results as an alternative to improve memory in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Rocha-Gomes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Pedro Rodrigues Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Silveira Balsamão Paes Leme
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Alves da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Tania Regina Riul
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Perácio Bastos
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas de Curvelo (FACIC), Curvelo, MG, Brazil
| | - Hércules Ribeiro Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Chen YC, Liaw YC, Nfor ON, Hsiao CH, Zhong JH, Wu SL, Liaw YP. Epigenetic regulation of Parkinson's disease risk variant GPNMB cg17274742 methylation by sex and exercise from Taiwan Biobank. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1235840. [PMID: 37744396 PMCID: PMC10513104 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1235840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with an elusive etiology that involves the interaction between genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Recently, epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, have been recognized to play an important role in the onset of PD. Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB), a type I transmembrane protein crucial for immune cell activation and maturation, has emerged as a potential biomarker for the risk of PD. This research aims to investigate the influence of exercise and gender on the regulation of methylation levels of GPNMB cg17274742 in individuals. Methods We analyze data from 2,474 participants in the Taiwan Biobank, collected from 2008 and 2016. Methylation levels at the GPNMB cg17274742 CpG site were measured using Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC beads. After excluding individuals with incomplete data or missing information on possible risk factors, our final analysis included 1,442 participants. We used multiple linear regression models to assess the association between sex and exercise with adjusted levels of GPNMB cg17274742 for age, BMI, smoking, drinking, coffee consumption, serum uric acid levels, and hypertension. Results Our results demonstrated that exercise significantly influenced the methylation levels of GPNMB cg17274742 in males (β = -0.00242; p = 0.0026), but not in females (β = -0.00002362; p = 0.9785). Furthermore, male participants who exercised showed significantly lower levels of methylation compared to the reference groups of the female and non-exercising reference groups (β = -0.00357; p = 0.0079). The effect of the interaction between gender and exercise on the methylation of GPNMB cg17274742 was statistically significant (p = 0.0078). Conclusion This study suggests that gender and exercise can modulate GPNMB cg17274742, with hypomethylation observed in exercise men. More research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and implications of these epigenetic changes in the context of risk and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chung Chen
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Liaw
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsiao
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Han Zhong
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Lin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Changhua National University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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