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Lo HL, Lin SY, Ho CJ, Ming-Kung Y, Lu CC. Effect of lyophilized exosomes derived from umbilical cord stem cells on chronic anterior cruciate ligament cell injury. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:554. [PMID: 39252098 PMCID: PMC11382386 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-05029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facilitating the healing process of injured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tissue is crucial for patients to safely return to sports. Stem cell derived exosomes have shown positive effects on enhancing the regeneration of injured tendons/ligaments. However, clinical application of exosomes in terms of storage and pre-assembly is challenging. We hypothesized that lyophilized exosomes derived from human umbilical cord stem cells (hUSC-EX) could enhance the cell activity of chronically injured ACL cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We harvested the 8 weeks injured ACL cells from rabbit under IACUC (No. 110232) approval. The studied exosomes were purified from the culture medium of human umbilical cord stem cells (IRB approval No. A202205014), lyophilized to store, and hydrated for use. We compared exosome treated cells with non-exosome treated cells (control group) from the same rabbits. We examined the cell viability, proliferation, migration capability and gene expression of type I and III collagen, TGFβ, VEGF, and tenogenesis in the 8 weeks injured ACL cells after hUSC-EX treatment. RESULTS After hydration, the average size of hUSC-EX was 84.5 ± 70.6 nm, and the cells tested positive for the Alix, TSG101, CD9, CD63, and CD81 proteins but negative for the α-Tubulin protein. After 24 h of treatment, hUSC-EX significantly improved the cell viability, proliferation and migration capability of 8 weeks injured ACL cells compared to that of no exosome treatment group. In addition, the expression of collagen synthesis, TGFβ, VEGF, and tenogenesis gene were all significantly increased in the 8 weeks injured ACL cells after 24 h hUSC-EX delivery. DISCUSSION Lyophilized exosomes are easily stored and readily usable after hydration, thereby preserving their characteristic properties. Treatment with lyophilized hUSC-EX improved the activity and gene expression of 8 weeks injured ACL cells. CONCLUSION Lyophilized hUSC-EX preserve the characteristics of exosomes and can improve chronically injured (8 weeks) ACL cells. Lyophilized hUSC-EX could serve as effective and safe biomaterials that are ready to use at room temperature to enhance cell activity in patients with partial ACL tears and after remnant preservation ACL reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Lok Lo
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.482, Shanming Rd., Siaogang Dist., Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.482, Shanming Rd., Siaogang Dist., Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jung Ho
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.482, Shanming Rd., Siaogang Dist., Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Ming-Kung
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.482, Shanming Rd., Siaogang Dist., Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan.
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Shahsavari A, Liu F. Diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of extracellular vesicles for primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A review. DENTISTRY REVIEW 2024; 4:100150. [PMID: 39310092 PMCID: PMC11416744 DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease mainly affecting salivary and lacrimal glands. The current pSS biomarkers, serum autoantibodies, are negative in many pSS patients diagnosed with histopathology changes, indicating the need of novel biomarkers. The current therapies of pSS are merely short-term symptomatic relief and can't provide effective long-term remedy. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are nano-sized lipid bilayer-delimited particles spontaneously released by almost all types of cells and carrying various bioactive molecules to mediate inter-cellular communications. Recent studies found that EVs from salivary gland epithelial cells and immune cells play essential roles in pSS pathogenesis. Correspondingly, EVs and their cargos in plasma and saliva are promising candidate biomarkers for pSS diagnosis. Moreover, EVs from mesenchymal stem cells have shown promises to improve pSS treatment by modulating immune responses. This review summarizes recent findings in roles of EVs in pSS pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pSS, as well as related challenges and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Shahsavari
- Cell Biology and Genetics department, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Cell Biology and Genetics department, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Ahmed SF, Jasim SA, Pallathadka H, Kaur H, Renuka Jyothi S, Bansal P, Abdali H, Mustafa YF, Al-Abdeen SHZ, Zwamel AH. New Therapeutic Strategies for the Inflammatory Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease: Emphasizing Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Associated exo-miRNA or exo-lncRNA. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1599-1611. [PMID: 38822204 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The most prevalent inflammatory arthritis and a leading contributor to disability is rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although it may not have arrived in Europe until the 17th century, it was present in early Native American communities several thousand years ago. Exosomes released by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are highly immunomodulatory due to the origin of the cell. As a cell-free therapy, MSCs-exosomes are less toxic and elicit a weakened immune response than cell-based therapies. Exosomal noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are closely associated with a number of biological and functional facets of human health, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Various exo-miRNAs and lncRNAs such as HAND2-AS1, miR-150-5p, miRNA-124a, and miR-320a lodged with MSC could be appropriate therapeutic ways for RA treatment. These MSC-derived exosomes affect RA disorders via different molecular pathways such as NFK-β, MAPK, and Wnt. The purpose of this review is to review the research that has been conducted since 2020 so far in the field of RA disease treatment with MSC-loaded exo-miRNAs and exo-lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadia Faris Ahmed
- Biology Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-maarif University College, Anbar, Iraq.
- Biotechnology Department, College of Applied Science, Fallujah University, Fallujah, Iraq.
| | | | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, 247341, India
| | - S Renuka Jyothi
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Hussam Abdali
- Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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Darsi SP, Baishya S, Nagati V, Bharani KK, Cheekatla SS, Darsi SK, Kamireddy AR, Barra RR, Devarasetti AK, Surampudi S, Singireddy JR, Kandula SK, Pasupulati AK. Safety assessment of rat embryonic fraction for in vivo regenerative therapy. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060266. [PMID: 38984587 PMCID: PMC11360137 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Regenerative therapy is considered a novel option for treating various diseases, whereas a developing embryo is a prime source of molecules that help repair diseased tissue and organs. Organoid culture studies also confirmed the inherent biological functions of several embryonic factors. However, the in vivo safety and efficacy of embryonic protein fraction (EPF) were not validated. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of EPF on healthy adult rats. We obtained embryos from Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats of E14, E16, and E19 embryonic days and collected protein lysate. This lysate was administered intravenously into adult SD rats on sequential days. We collected blood and performed hematological and biochemical parameters of rats that received EPF. C-reactive protein levels, interleukin-6, blood glucose levels, serum creatinine, blood urea, total leucocyte counts, and % of neutrophils and lymphocytes were comparable between rats receiving EPF and saline. Histological examination of rats' tissues administered with EPF is devoid of abnormalities. Our study revealed that intravenous administration of EPF to healthy adult rats showed that EPF is non-immunogenic, non-inflammatory, non-tumorigenic, and safe for in vivo applications. Our analysis suggests that EPF or its components could be recommended for validating its therapeutic abilities in organ regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivarama Prasad Darsi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Gitam University, Visakhapatnam, AP, India530045
| | - Somorita Baishya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, TG, India500046
| | - Veerababu Nagati
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, TG, India500046
| | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, P.V. Narasimha Rao University of Veterinary Sciences, Rajendra Nagar, TG, India500030
| | | | - Sujesh Kumar Darsi
- Department of General Medicine, ESI Corporation, Gunadala, Vijayawada, AP, India520004
| | - Adi Reddy Kamireddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Banner Health Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA85138
| | - Ram Reddy Barra
- Department of Physiology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, TG 500090, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Devarasetti
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, P.V. Narasimha Rao University of Veterinary Sciences, Mamnoor, Warangal, TG, India506166
| | - Sreedhar Surampudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Aware College of Medical Lab Technology, Bairamalguda, Hyderabad 500035, India
| | - Jayaram Reddy Singireddy
- Department of Urology, Hyderabad Kidney & Laparoscopic Centre, Malakpet, Hyderabad, TG 500036, India
| | - Siva Kumar Kandula
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Gitam University, Visakhapatnam, AP, India530045
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Yuan N, Zhang W, Yang W, Ji W, Li J. Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modulating inflammation, promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:243. [PMID: 38622659 PMCID: PMC11020342 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory reactions are involved in the development of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH). Studies have explored the therapeutic efficacy of inhibiting inflammatory reactions in steroid-induced ONFH and revealed that inhibiting inflammation may be a new strategy for preventing the development of steroid-induced ONFH. Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages(M2-Exos) display anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to examine the preventive effect of M2-Exos on early-stage steroid-induced ONFH and explore the underlying mechanisms involved. In vitro, we explored the effect of M2-Exos on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs). In vivo, we investigated the role of M2-Exos on inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, osteogenesis and angiogenesis in an early-stage rat model of steroid-induced ONFH. We found that M2-Exos promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs. Additionally, M2-Exos effectively attenuated the osteonecrotic changes, inhibited the expression of proinflammatory mediators, promoted osteogenesis and angiogenesis, reduced osteoclastogenesis, and regulated the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages in steroid-induced ONFH. Taken together, our data suggest that M2-Exos are effective at preventing steroid-induced ONFH. These findings may be helpful for providing a potential strategy to prevent the development of steroid-induced ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yuan
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
- Xizang Minzu University, XianYang, Shaanxi Province, 712082, China
| | - Weizhou Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Wenchen Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China.
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Yang D, Wei H, Sheng Y, Peng T, Zhao Q, Xie L, Yang J. Circ_0006640 transferred by bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cell-exosomes suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptotic, inflammatory and oxidative injury in spinal cord injury. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:50. [PMID: 38195468 PMCID: PMC10777583 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging proofs have shown that differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely associated with the pathophysiological process of spinal cord injury (SCI). Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-exosomes have been demonstrated to possess favorable therapeutic effects in diseases. Herein, this work aimed to investigate the action of circ_0006640 transferred by MSC-exosomes functional recovery after SCI. METHODS SCI animal models were established by spinal cord contusion surgery in mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse microglial cell line BV2. Levels of genes and proteins were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Properties of BV2 cells were characterized using CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and ELISA analysis. The oxidative stress was evaluated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used for verifying the binding between miR-382-5p and circ_0006640 or IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1). Exosome separation was conducted by using the commercial kit. RESULTS Circ_0006640 expression was lower in SCI mice and LPS-induced microglial cells. Circ_0006640 overexpression protected microglial cells from LPS-induced apoptotic, inflammatory and oxidative injury. Mechanistically, circ_0006640 directly sponged miR-382-5p, which targeted IGF-1. MiR-382-5p was increased, while IGF-1 was decreased in SCI mice and LPS-induced microglial cells. Knockdown of miR-382-5p suppressed apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-induced microglial cells, which were reversed by IGF-1 deficiency. Moreover, miR-382-5p up-regulation abolished the protective functions of circ_0006640 in LPS-induced microglial cells. Additionally, circ_0006640 was packaged into MSC-exosomes and could be transferred by exosomes. Exosomal circ_0006640 also had protective effects on microglial cells via miR-382-5p/IGF-1 axis. CONCLUSION Circ_0006640 transferred by BMSC-exosomes suppressed LPS-induced apoptotic, inflammatory and oxidative injury via miR-382-5p/IGF-1 axis, indicating a new insight into the clinical application of exosomal circRNA-based therapeutic in the function recovery after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, No. 2273 Jiefang Dadao, Wuhan City, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Haitang Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, No. 2273 Jiefang Dadao, Wuhan City, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Sheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, No. 2273 Jiefang Dadao, Wuhan City, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, No. 2273 Jiefang Dadao, Wuhan City, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, No. 2273 Jiefang Dadao, Wuhan City, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, No. 2273 Jiefang Dadao, Wuhan City, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, No. 2273 Jiefang Dadao, Wuhan City, 430014, Hubei, China.
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Zheng C, Wu Y, Xu J, Liu Y, Ma J. Exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head by transferring microRNA-210 into bone microvascular endothelial cells. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:939. [PMID: 38062514 PMCID: PMC10704824 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04440-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) played an important role in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (GCS-ONFH), and exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) may provide an effective treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of BMSC-Exos and internal microRNA-210-3p (miRNA-210) on GCS-ONFH in an in vitro hydrocortisone-induced BMECs injury model and an in vivo rat GCS-ONFH model. METHODS BMECs, BMSCs and BMSC-Exos were isolated and validated. BMECs after the treatment of hydrocortisone were cocultured with different concentrations of BMSC-Exos, then proliferation, migration, apoptosis and angiogenesis of BMECs were evaluated by CCK-8, Annexin V-FITC/PI, cell scratch and tube formation assays. BMSCs were transfected with miRNA-210 mimics and miRNA-210 inhibitors, then BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 mimic and BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 inhibitor secreted from such cells were collected. The differences between BMSC-Exos, BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 mimic and BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 inhibitor in protecting BMECs against GCS treatment were analyzed by methods mentioned above. Intramuscular injections of methylprednisolone were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats to establish an animal model of GCS-ONFH, then tail intravenous injections of BMSC-Exos, BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 mimic or BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 inhibitor were conducted after methylprednisolone injection. Histological and immunofluorescence staining and micro-CT were performed to evaluate the effects of BMSC-Exos and internal miRNA-210 on the in vivo GCS-ONFH model. RESULTS Different concentrations of BMSC-Exos, especially high concentration of BMSC-Exos, could enhance the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis ability and reduce the apoptosis rates of BMECs treated with GCS. Compared with BMSC-Exos, BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 mimic could further enhance the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis ability and reduce the apoptosis rates of BMECs, while BMECs in the GCS + BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 inhibitor group showed reduced proliferation, migration and angiogenesis ability and higher apoptosis rates. In the rat GCS-ONFH model, BMSC-Exos, especially BMSC-ExosmiRNA-210 mimic, could increase microvascular density and enhance bone remodeling of femoral heads. CONCLUSIONS BMSC-Exos containing miRNA-210 could serve as potential therapeutics for protecting BMECs and ameliorating the progression of GCS-ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuangang Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Yang L, Li Z, Zhang C, Li S, Chen L, Yang S, Guo Y. Psoralen synergizes with exosome-loaded SPC25 to alleviate senescence of nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc degeneration. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:622. [PMID: 37872583 PMCID: PMC10594823 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04085-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of psoralen synergized with exosomes (exos)-loaded SPC25 on nucleus pulposus (NP) cell senescence in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). METHODS IVDD cellular models were established on NP cells by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) induction, followed by the treatment of psoralen or/and exos from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) transfected with SPC25 overexpression vector (ADSCs-oe-SPC25-Exos). The viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and senescence of NP cells were examined, accompanied by the expression measurement of aggrecan, COL2A1, Bcl-2, Bax, CDK2, p16, and p21. RESULTS After TBHP-induced NP cells were treated with psoralen or ADSCs-oe-SPC25-Exos, cell proliferation and the expression of aggrecan, COL2A1, Bcl-2, and CDK2 were promoted; however, the expression of Bax, p16, p21, and inflammatory factors was decreased, and cell senescence, cycle arrest, and apoptosis were inhibited. Of note, psoralen combined with ADSCs-oe-SPC25-Exos further decelerated NP cell senescence and cycle arrest compared to psoralen or ADSCs-oe-SPC25-Exos alone. CONCLUSION Combined treatment of psoralen and ADSCs-oe-SPC25-Exos exerted an alleviating effect on NP cell senescence, which may provide an insightful idea for IVDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyong Li
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuofu Li
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofeng Yang
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantao Guo
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Huang H, Zhu W, Huang Z, Zhao D, Cao L, Gao X. Adipose-derived stem cell exosome NFIC improves diabetic foot ulcers by regulating miR-204-3p/HIPK2. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:687. [PMID: 37710299 PMCID: PMC10503042 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a serious complication of diabetes that lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Recent studies reported that exosomes secreted by human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) might alleviate DFU development. However, the molecular mechanism of ADSCs-derived exosomes in DFU is far from being addressed. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were induced by high-glucose (HG), which were treated with exosomes derived from nuclear factor I/C (NFIC)-modified ADSCs. MicroRNA-204-3p (miR-204-3p), homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2), and NFIC were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis were assessed using cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, wound healing, and tube formation assays. Binding between miR-204-3p and NFIC or HIPK2 was predicted using bioinformatics tools and validated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. HIPK2, NFIC, CD81, and CD63 protein levels were measured using western blot. Exosomes were identified by a transmission electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analysis. RESULTS miR-204-3p and NFIC were reduced, and HIPK2 was enhanced in DFU patients and HG-treated HUVECs. miR-204-3p overexpression might abolish HG-mediated HUVEC proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis in vitro. Furthermore, HIPK2 acted as a target of miR-204-3p. Meanwhile, NFIC was an upstream transcription factor that might bind to the miR-204-3p promoter and improve its expression. NFIC-exosome from ADSCs might regulate HG-triggered HUVEC injury through miR-204-3p-dependent inhibition of HIPK2. CONCLUSION Exosomal NFIC silencing-loaded ADSC sheet modulates miR-204-3p/HIPK2 axis to suppress HG-induced HUVEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, providing a stem cell-based treatment strategy for DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Huang
- Burn, Plastic and Wound Surgery Department, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wufei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Zongwei Huang
- Burn, Plastic and Wound Surgery Department, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Dengze Zhao
- Burn, Plastic and Wound Surgery Department, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Burn, Plastic and Wound Surgery Department, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xian Gao
- Burn, Plastic and Wound Surgery Department, Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, No.126, Qian Avenue, Huangzhou District, Huanggang, 438000, Hubei, China.
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10
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Chang YT, Lai CC, Lin DJ. Collagen Scaffolds Laden with Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Promote Periodontal Regeneration in SD Rat Model. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2649. [PMID: 37376295 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by microbial communities carrying pathogens, leads to the loss of tooth-supporting tissues and is a significant contributor to tooth loss. This study aims to develop a novel injectable cell-laden hydrogel consisted of collagen (COL), riboflavin, and a dental light-emitting diode (LED) photo-cross-linking process for periodontal regeneration. Utilizing α-SMA and ALP immunofluorescence markers, we confirmed the differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) into myofibroblasts and preosteoblasts within collagen scaffolds in vitro. Twenty-four rats with three-wall artificial periodontal defects were divided into four groups, Blank, COL_LED, COL_HPLF, and COL_HPLF_LED, and histomorphometrically assessed after 6 weeks. Notably, the COL_HPLF_LED group showed less relative epithelial downgrowth (p < 0.01 for Blank, p < 0.05 for COL_LED and COL_HPLF), and the relative residual bone defect was significantly reduced in the COL_HPLF_LED group compared to the Blank and the COL_LED group (p < 0.05). The results indicated that LED photo-cross-linking collagen scaffolds possess sufficient strength to withstand the forces of surgical process and biting, providing support for HPLF cells embedded within them. The secretion of cells is suggested to promote the repair of adjacent tissues, including well-oriented periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration. The approach developed in this study demonstrates clinical feasibility and holds promise for achieving both functional and structural regeneration of periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ching Lai
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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11
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Qi H, Shen E, Shu X, Liu D, Wu C. ERK-estrogen receptor α signaling plays a role in the process of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protecting against ovariectomy-induced bone loss. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:250. [PMID: 36973789 PMCID: PMC10045825 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) are considered as candidates for osteoporosis (OP) therapy. Estrogen is critical in the maintenance of bone homeostasis. However, the role of estrogen and/or its receptor in BMSC-Exos treatment of OP, as well as its methods of regulation during this process remain unclear. METHODS BMSCs were cultured and characterized. Ultracentrifugation was performed to collect BMSC-Exos. Transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting were used to identify BMSC-Exos. We examined the effects of BMSC-Exos on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, mineralization, and cell cycle distribution of MG-63 cells. The protein expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and the phosphorylation of ERK were investigated through western blotting. We determined the effects of BMSC-Exos on the prevention of bone loss in female rats. The female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: the sham group, ovariectomized (OVX) group, and the OVX + BMSC-Exos group. Bilateral ovariectomy was performed in the OVX and OVX + BMSC-Exos groups, while a similar volume of adipose tissue around the ovary was removed in the sham group. The rats in OVX group and OVX + BMSC-Exos group were given PBS or BMSC-Exos after 2 weeks of surgery. Micro-CT scanning and histological staining were used to evaluate the in vivo effects of BMSC-Exos. RESULTS BMSC-Exos significantly enhanced the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and the Alizarin red S staining in MG-63 cells. The results of cell cycle distribution demonstrated that BMSC-Exos increased the proportion of cells in the G2 + S phase and decreased the proportion of cells in the G1 phase. Moreover, PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK, inhibited both the activation of ERK and the expression of ERα, which were promoted by administration of BMSC-Exos. Micro-CT scan showed that in the OVX + BMSC-Exos group, bone mineral density, bone volume/tissue volume fraction, trabecular number were significantly upregulated. Additionally, the microstructure of the trabecular bone was preserved in the OVX + BMSC-Exos group compared to that in the OVX group. CONCLUSION BMSC-Exos showed an osteogenic-promoting effect both in vitro and in vivo, in which ERK-ERα signaling might play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qi
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, 100035, China
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Enpu Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Xiong Shu
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, 100035, China
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Danping Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
| | - Cheng'ai Wu
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, 100035, China.
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China.
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12
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Zhao H, Zhao Z, Li D, Wang X, Dai D, Fu H. Effect study of exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee cartilage defects in rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:160. [PMID: 36864471 PMCID: PMC9983202 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The repair of articular cartilage defects has always been a difficult problem. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (RPR) and PRP-derived exosomes (PRP-Exos) on cartilage defects in rat knee joints and then provide experience for the use of PRP-exos in cartilage defect repair. METHODS Rat abdominal aortic blood was collected, and PRP was extracted by two-step centrifugation. PRP-exos were obtained by kit extraction, and PRP-exos were identified by various methods. After the rats were anesthetized, a cartilage defect subchondral bone was created at the proximal end of the origin of the femoral cruciate ligament with a drill. SD rats were divided into 4 groups, including PRP group, 50 μg/ml PRP-exos group, 5 μg/ml PRP-exos group, and control group. One week after the operation, 50 μg/ml PRP, 50 μg/ml PRP-exos, 5 μg/ml PRP-exos and normal saline were injected into the knee joint cavity of rats in each group, once a week. A total of two injections were given. On the 5th and 10th week after drug injection, the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) were detected by each treatment method, respectively. The rats were killed at the 5th and 10th weeks, respectively, and the cartilage defect repair was observed and scored. The defect repair tissue sections were used for HE staining and type II collagen immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The histological results showed that both PRP-exos and PRP could promote cartilage defect repair and type II collagen formation, and the promoting effect of PRP-exos was significantly better than that of PRP. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that compared with PRP, PRP-exos could significantly increase serum TIMP-1 and decrease serum MMP-3 in rats. And the promoting effect of PRP-exos was concentration dependent. CONCLUSION Intra-articular injection of PRP-exos and PRP can promote the repair of articular cartilage defects, and the therapeutic effect of PRP-exos is better than the same concentration of PRP. PRP-exos are expected to be an effective treatment for cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Zhao
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China ,Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, No. 1188, Shuangxing Avenue, Shuangliu District, Chengdu, 610044 Sichuan China
| | - Zihang Zhao
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Dailuo Li
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Xin Wang
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Dehao Dai
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Hailiang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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13
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Zheng Y, Dong X, Chen S, He Y, An J, Liu M, He L, Zhang Y. Low-level laser therapy prevents medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw-like lesions via IL-1RA-mediated primary gingival wound healing. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:14. [PMID: 36627695 PMCID: PMC9832759 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a serious debilitating disease caused by anti-resorption and anti-angiogenesis drugs, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Recent studies suggested that primary gingival wound healing may effectively prevent the development of MRONJ. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of low-level light therapy (LLLT) on promoting gingival wound healing in extraction sockets of MRONJ-like mice and preventing the occurrence of MRONJ. Furthermore, we explored underlying mechanisms. METHODS Mice were randomly divided into the Ctrl, Zol, and Zol + LLLT groups. Administration of zoledronate and tooth extraction of bilateral maxillary second molars were used to build the MRONJ model, and LLLT was locally administered into the tooth sockets to examine the effect of LLLT. Next, to explore the function of IL-1RA, we performed LLLT with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) neutralizing antibody (named Zol + LLLT + IL-1RA NAb group) or negative control antibodies for tooth extraction in subsequent rescue animal experiments. Stereoscope observations, micro-computed tomography, and histological examination were conducted to evaluate gingival wound healing and bone regeneration in tooth sockets. The effects of LLLT on the migration capacities of zoledronate-treated epithelial cells were assessed in vitro. RESULTS LLLT promoted primary gingival wound healing without exposed necrotic bone. Micro-computed tomography results showed higher bone volume and mineral density of the tooth sockets after LLLT. Histology analysis showed complete gingival coverage, obvious bone regeneration, and reduced soft tissue inflammation, with down-regulated pro-inflammation cytokines, like interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and up-regulated IL-1RA expression in the gingival tissue in the LLLT group. The rescue assay further showed that the effects of LLLT promoting gingival wound healing and preventing MRONJ might be partially abolished by IL-1RA neutralizing antibodies. In vitro studies demonstrated that LLLT accelerated zoledronate-treated epithelial cell migration. CONCLUSIONS LLLT might promote primary gingival wound healing and contribute to subsequent bone regeneration of the tooth extractions in MRONJ-like lesions via IL-1RA-mediated pro-inflammation signaling suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Dong
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Chen
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang He
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingang An
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Laser and Cosmetic Surgery Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linhai He
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
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14
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Citro V, Clerici M, Boccaccini AR, Della Porta G, Maffulli N, Forsyth NR. Tendon tissue engineering: An overview of biologics to promote tendon healing and repair. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231196275. [PMID: 37719308 PMCID: PMC10501083 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231196275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendons are dense connective tissues with a hierarchical polarized structure that respond to and adapt to the transmission of muscle contraction forces to the skeleton, enabling motion and maintaining posture. Tendon injuries, also known as tendinopathies, are becoming more common as populations age and participation in sports/leisure activities increases. The tendon has a poor ability to self-heal and regenerate given its intrinsic, constrained vascular supply and exposure to frequent, severe loading. There is a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, and it is not surprising that disorder-targeted medicines have only been partially effective at best. Recent tissue engineering approaches have emerged as a potential tool to drive tendon regeneration and healing. In this review, we investigated the physiochemical factors involved in tendon ontogeny and discussed their potential application in vitro to reproduce functional and self-renewing tendon tissue. We sought to understand whether stem cells are capable of forming tendons, how they can be directed towards the tenogenic lineage, and how their growth is regulated and monitored during the entire differentiation path. Finally, we showed recent developments in tendon tissue engineering, specifically the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can differentiate into tendon cells, as well as the potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in tendon regeneration and their potential for use in accelerating the healing response after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Citro
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marta Clerici
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre BIONAM, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo I, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
- Vice Principals’ Office, University of Aberdeen, Kings College, Aberdeen, UK
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15
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Bowen CM, Ditmars FS, Gupta A, Reems JA, Fagg WS. Cell-Free Amniotic Fluid and Regenerative Medicine: Current Applications and Future Opportunities. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2960. [PMID: 36428527 PMCID: PMC9687956 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid (AF) provides critical biological and physical support for the developing fetus. While AF is an excellent source of progenitor cells with regenerative properties, recent investigations indicate that cell-free AF (cfAF), which consists of its soluble components and extracellular vesicles, can also stimulate regenerative and reparative activities. This review summarizes published fundamental, translational, and clinical investigations into the biological activity and potential use of cfAF as a therapeutic agent. Recurring themes emerge from these studies, which indicate that cfAF can confer immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and pro-growth characteristics to the target cells/tissue with which they come into contact. Another common observation is that cfAF seems to promote a return of cells/tissue to a homeostatic resting state when applied to a model of cell stress or disease. The precise mechanisms through which these effects are mediated have not been entirely defined, but it is clear that cfAF can safely and effectively treat cutaneous wounds and perhaps orthopedic degenerative conditions. Additional applications are currently being investigated, but require further study to dissect the fundamental mechanisms through which its regenerative effects are mediated. By doing so, rational design can be used to fully unlock its potential in the biotechnology lab and in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles M. Bowen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Frederick S. Ditmars
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ashim Gupta
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX 78045, USA
- Regenerative Orthopaedics, Noida 201301, UP, India
| | - Jo-Anna Reems
- Merakris Therapeutics, RTP Frontier 800 Park Offices Dr. Suite 3322, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Department of Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - William Samuel Fagg
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Regenerative Orthopaedics, Noida 201301, UP, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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16
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Li D, Huang LT, Zhang CP, Li Q, Wang JH. Insights Into the Role of Platelet-Derived Growth Factors: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis and Treatment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:890509. [PMID: 35847662 PMCID: PMC9283766 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.890509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease, commonly occurs in the elderly population, causing a significant medical and economic burden to the aging society worldwide. At present, there are few effective methods that achieve satisfactory clinical results in the treatment of PD. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) are important neurotrophic factors that are expressed in various cell types. Their unique structures allow for specific binding that can effectively regulate vital functions in the nervous system. In this review, we summarized the possible mechanisms by which PDGFs/PDGFRs regulate the occurrence and development of PD by affecting oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, protein folding and aggregation, Ca2+ homeostasis, and cell neuroinflammation. These modes of action mainly depend on the type and distribution of PDGFs in different nerve cells. We also summarized the possible clinical applications and prospects for PDGF in the treatment of PD, especially in genetic treatment. Recent advances have shown that PDGFs have contradictory roles within the central nervous system (CNS). Although they exert neuroprotective effects through multiple pathways, they are also associated with the disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Our recommendations based on our findings include further investigation of the contradictory neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects of the PDGFs acting on the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Le-Tian Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng-pu Zhang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Li,
| | - Jia-He Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Jia-He Wang,
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17
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Luo L, Foster NC, Man KL, Brunet M, Hoey DA, Cox SC, Kimber SJ, El Haj AJ. Hydrostatic pressure promotes chondrogenic differentiation and microvesicle release from human embryonic and bone marrow stem cells. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100401. [PMID: 34921593 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stimulation plays in an important role in regulating stem cell differentiation and their release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, effects of low magnitude hydrostatic pressure (HP) on the chondrogenic differentiation and microvesicle release from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) are examined. hESCs were differentiated into chondroprogenitors and then embedded in fibrin gels and subjected to HP (270 kPa, 1 Hz, 5 days per week). hBMSC pellets were differentiated in chondrogenic media and subjected to the same regime. HP significantly enhanced ACAN expression in hESCs. It also led to a significant increase in DNA content, sGAG content and total sGAG/DNA level in hBMSCs. Furthermore, HP significantly increased microvesicle protein content released from both cell types. These results highlight the benefit of HP bioreactor in promoting chondrogenesis and EV production for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Luo
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicola C Foster
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, UK
| | - Kenny L Man
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mathieu Brunet
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David A Hoey
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing, & Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sophie C Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Susan J Kimber
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, UK
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18
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Man K, Brunet MY, Federici AS, Hoey DA, Cox SC. An ECM-Mimetic Hydrogel to Promote the Therapeutic Efficacy of Osteoblast-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:829969. [PMID: 35433655 PMCID: PMC9005798 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.829969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is emerging as a promising acellular approach for bone regeneration, overcoming translational hurdles associated with cell-based therapies. Despite their potential, EVs short half-life following systemic administration hinders their therapeutic efficacy. EVs have been reported to bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and play an essential role in matrix mineralisation. Chitosan and collagen type I are naturally-derived pro-osteogenic biomaterials, which have been demonstrated to control EV release kinetics. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an injectable ECM-mimetic hydrogel capable of controlling the release of osteoblast-derived EVs to promote bone repair. Pure chitosan hydrogels significantly enhanced compressive modulus (2.48-fold) and osteogenic differentiation (3.07-fold), whilst reducing gelation times (2.09-fold) and proliferation (2.7-fold) compared to pure collagen gels (p ≤ 0.001). EV release was strongly associated with collagen concentration (R2 > 0.94), where a significantly increased EV release profile was observed from chitosan containing gels using the CD63 ELISA (p ≤ 0.001). Hydrogel-released EVs enhanced human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) proliferation (1.12-fold), migration (2.55-fold), and mineralisation (3.25-fold) compared to untreated cells (p ≤ 0.001). Importantly, EV-functionalised chitosan-collagen composites significantly promoted hBMSCs extracellular matrix mineralisation when compared to the EV-free gels in a dose-dependent manner (p ≤ 0.001). Taken together, these findings demonstrate the development of a pro-osteogenic thermosensitive chitosan-collagen hydrogel capable of enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of osteoblast-derived EVs as a novel acellular tool for bone augmentation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Man
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mathieu Y. Brunet
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Angelica S. Federici
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Dept. of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin and RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David A. Hoey
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Dept. of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin and RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sophie C. Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Sophie C. Cox,
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19
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Gupta A. Allogenic Amniotic Tissue for Treatment of Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040404. [PMID: 35455401 PMCID: PMC9031613 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) impacts millions of people and places a high burden on healthcare systems in the United States. Current treatment modalities have limitations and do not address underlying pathology. Lately, there has been an immense growth in the use of biologics, including perinatal allogenic tissues for orthopedic regenerative medicine applications. Amniotic tissue is an exciting new alternative for such applications. Despite several published studies that reported its use for treatment of ophthalmic conditions and complex wounds, there are limited clinical studies evaluating its safety and efficacy in treating patients suffering with knee or hip OA. In this manuscript, I focused on three prospective clinical studies which evaluated the safety and efficacy of amniotic tissue in patients suffering with moderate knee or hip OA. The results from these studies presented the scientific community with much needed, well-executed, and prospective clinical trials. Though these trials demonstrated that administration of amniotic tissue in knee or hip joint is safe and potentially effective, more multi-center, prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trials are warranted to further establish the efficacy of amniotic tissue to mitigate symptoms of knee and hip OA to ultimately justify its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Gupta
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA;
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX 78045, USA
- Veterans in Pain (V.I.P.), Valencia, CA 91354, USA
- General Therapeutics, Cleveland Heights, OH 44118, USA
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20
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Jordan S, Zielinski M, Kortylewski M, Kuhn T, Bystritsky A. Noninvasive Delivery of Biologicals to the Brain. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2022; 20:64-70. [PMID: 35746928 PMCID: PMC9063603 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20210028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the past, psychotherapy and neuropharmacological approaches have been the most common treatments for disordered thoughts, moods, and behaviors. One new path of brain therapeutics is in the deployment of noninvasive approaches designed to reprogram brain function at the cellular level. Treatment at the cellular level may be considered for a wide array of disorders, ranging from mood disorders to neurodegenerative disorders. Brain-targeted biological therapy may provide minimally invasive and accurate delivery of treatment. The present article discusses the hurdles and advances that characterize the pathway to this goal.
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21
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Preethy S, Ranganathan N, Raghavan K, Dedeepiya VD, Ikewaki N, Abraham SJ. Integrating the Synergy of the Gut Microbiome into Regenerative Medicine: Relevance to Neurological Disorders. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:1451-1460. [PMID: 35466942 PMCID: PMC9277691 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new paradigm of cell therapy-based approaches as a solution to several diseases caused by damage or loss of cells/tissues leading to organ failure heralded the birth of a new branch in medicine called regenerative medicine (RM), which was further fueled by in vitro cell expansion and tissue engineering (TE) technologies, including the ability to grow embryonic stem cells, induce pluripotent stem cells, and so on. RM addresses organ failure by repair, regeneration, or restoration, rejuvenation using cells, stem cells, or progenitor cells as tools having added cell-derived products also as a tool, and extracellular matrix component-based support, either direct or indirect (e.g., matrix induced autologous chondrocyte implantation) using scaffolds. Now, the main objective of RM is to solve the functional loss of cells that have evolved from cells as tools to cell-derived factors and scaffolds per se as tools. In this context, an important yet indispensable group of cells that constitute the major portion of the human body in terms of the number of cells having several essential roles to play, both directly and indirectly, starting from digestion and the immune system to the growing evidence of influencing neuronal function, aging, and carcinogenesis has been ignored. We would like to focus on these in this review as they should essentially be considered as a tool of RM, especially for neurological disorders for their vital role. What we are indicating is the second genome or the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthilkumar Preethy
- Fujio-Eiji Academic Terrain (FEAT), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
| | | | - Kadalraja Raghavan
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Jesuit Antonyraj memorial Inter-disciplinary Centre for Advanced Recovery and Education (JAICARE), Madurai, India
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Sarvee Integra Private Limited, Chennai, India
| | | | - Nobunao Ikewaki
- Department of Medical Life Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka, Japan
- Institute of Immunology, Junsei Educational Institute, Nobeoka, Japan
| | - Samuel J.K. Abraham
- Mary-Yoshio Translational Hexagon (MYTH), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
- Centre for Advancing Clinical Research (CACR), University of Yamanashi - School of Medicine, Chuo, Japan
- Antony- Xavier Interdisciplinary Scholastics (AXIS), GN Corporation Co. Ltd., Kofu, Japan
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22
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Bagno LL, Salerno AG, Balkan W, Hare JM. Mechanism of Action of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): impact of delivery method. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 22:449-463. [PMID: 34882517 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2016695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs; AKA mesenchymal stem cells) stimulate healing and reduce inflammation. Promising therapeutic responses are seen in many late-phase clinical trials, but others have not satisfied their primary endpoints, making translation of MSCs into clinical practice difficult. These inconsistencies may be related to the route of MSC delivery, lack of product optimization, or varying background therapies received in clinical trials over time. AREAS COVERED Here we discuss the different routes of MSC delivery, highlighting the proposed mechanism(s) of therapeutic action as well as potential safety concerns. PubMed search criteria used: MSC plus: local administration; routes of administration; delivery methods; mechanism of action; therapy in different diseases. EXPERT OPINION Direct injection of MSCs using a controlled local delivery approach appears to have benefits in certain disease states, but further studies are required to make definitive conclusions regarding the superiority of one delivery method over another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza L Bagno
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alessandro G Salerno
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wayne Balkan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami
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23
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Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis with Intraarticular Umbilical Cord-Derived Wharton's Jelly: A Case Report. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090883. [PMID: 34577583 PMCID: PMC8472740 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 27-year-old male with grade II knee osteoarthritis (OA) that was intraarticularly injected with a 2 mL umbilical cord-derived Wharton’s jelly (UC-derived WJ) formulation. The patients’ baseline radiographs were taken and baseline numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), 7-point Likert scale, and a 36-item short form survey (SF-36) were recorded. The NPRS was re-recorded immediately after the injection, and at 24 h, 48 h, 1 week, 6 weeks, and at 3 months follow-up post-injection. The KOOS and 7-point Likert scale was re-recorded at the patients’ 1week, 6 week, and 3month follow-up, and SF-36 was re-recorded at 3 months. A final set of X-rays were also performed at 3 months follow-up post-injection. No adverse effects from the injection were reported over the duration of the study. No significant difference nor progression in OA on X-rays compared to baseline was observed. NPRS decreased by 50% and the 7-point Likert scale increased to Extremely Satisfied. KOOS increased overall by 10% and the SF-36 overall change was 25%. These results indicate the potential application of UC-derived WJ in the treatment of knee OA. Larger, long term, non-randomized and randomized control trials are warranted to adequately assess the safety and efficacy of UC-derived WJ and ultimate clinical use.
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24
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Gupta A, Maffulli N, Rodriguez HC, Mistovich RJ, Delfino K, Cady C, Fauser AM, Cundiff ED, Martinez MA, Potty AG. Cell-free stem cell-derived extract formulation for treatment of knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a preliminary non-randomized, open-label, multi-center feasibility and safety study. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:514. [PMID: 34416898 PMCID: PMC8377854 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal conditions are highly prevalent, and knee OA is most common. Current treatment modalities have limitations and either fail to solve the underlying pathophysiology or are highly invasive. To address these limitations, attention has focused on the use of biologics. The efficacy of these devices is attributed to presence of growth factors (GFs), cytokines (CKs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs). With this in mind, we formulated a novel cell-free stem cell-derived extract (CCM) from human progenitor endothelial stem cells (hPESCs). A preliminary study demonstrated the presence of essential components of regenerative medicine, namely GFs, CKs, and EVs, including exosomes, in CCM. The proposed study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intraarticular injection of the novel cell-free stem cell-derived extract (CCM) for the treatment of knee OA. Methods and analysis This is a non-randomized, open-label, multi-center, prospective study in which the safety and efficacy of intraarticular CCM in patients suffering from grade II/III knee OA will be evaluated. Up to 20 patients with grade II/III OA who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be consented and screened to recruit 12 patients to receive treatment. The study will be conducted at up to 2 sites within the USA, and the 12 participants will be followed for 24 months. The study participants will be monitored for adverse reactions and assessed using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Jr. (KOOS Jr.), 36-ietm short form survey (SF-36), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), physical exams, plain radiography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score for improvements in pain, function, satisfaction, and cartilage regeneration. Discussion This prospective study will provide valuable information into the safety and efficacy of intraarticular administration of cell-free stem cell-derived extract (CCM) in patients suffering with grade II/III knee OA. The outcomes from this initial study of novel CCM will lay the foundation for a larger randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center clinical trial of intraarticular CCM for symptomatic knee OA. Trial registration Registered on July 21, 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04971798
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Gupta
- General Therapeutics, 2956 Washington Blvd, Cleveland Heights, OH, 44118, USA. .,Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA, USA. .,South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX, USA. .,Veterans in Pain (V.I.P.), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.,San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona Hospital "Clinica Orthopedica" Department, Hospital of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Stoke on Trent, UK
| | - Hugo C Rodriguez
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA, USA.,South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX, USA.,School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of The Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Future Physicians of South Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - R Justin Mistovich
- General Therapeutics, 2956 Washington Blvd, Cleveland Heights, OH, 44118, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristin Delfino
- Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Craig Cady
- General Therapeutics, 2956 Washington Blvd, Cleveland Heights, OH, 44118, USA.,Bohlander Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Fauser
- Bohlander Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Echo D Cundiff
- General Therapeutics, 2956 Washington Blvd, Cleveland Heights, OH, 44118, USA
| | | | - Anish G Potty
- General Therapeutics, 2956 Washington Blvd, Cleveland Heights, OH, 44118, USA.,South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX, USA.,Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Laredo Sports Medicine Clinic, Laredo, TX, USA
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25
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Safety and efficacy of umbilical cord-derived Wharton's jelly compared to hyaluronic acid and saline for knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized, controlled, single-blind, multi-center trial. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:352. [PMID: 34059080 PMCID: PMC8165766 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the United States of America (USA) with a fast-rising prevalence. Current treatment modalities are limited, and total knee replacement surgeries have shown disadvantages, especially for grade II/III OA. The interest in the use of biologics, including umbilical cord (UC)-derived Wharton’s jelly (WJ), has grown in recent years. The results from a preliminary study demonstrated the presence of essential components of regenerative medicine, namely growth factors, cytokines, hyaluronic acid (HA), and extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, in WJ. The proposed study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-articular injection of UC-derived WJ for the treatment of knee OA symptoms. Methods A randomized, controlled, single-blind, multi-center, prospective study will be conducted in which the safety and efficacy of intra-articular administration of UC-derived WJ are compared to HA (control) and saline (placebo control) in patients suffering from grade II/III knee OA. A total of 168 participants with grade II or III knee OA on the KL scale will be recruited across 53 sites in the USA with 56 participants in each arm and followed for 1 year post-injection. Patient satisfaction, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), and 7-point Likert Scale will be used to assess the participants. Physical exams, X-rays, and MRI with Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue score will be used to assess improvement in associated anatomy. Discussion The study results will provide valuable information into the safety and efficacy of intra-articular administration of Wharton’s jelly for grade II/III knee osteoarthritis. The results of this study will also add to the treatment options available for grade II/III OA as well as help facilitate the development of a more focused treatment strategy for patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04711304. Registered on January 15, 2021
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26
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Gupta A, Shivaji K, Kadam S, Gupta M, Rodriguez HC, Potty AG, El-Amin SF, Maffulli N. Immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles: an alternative to cell therapy for COVID-19. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1551-1560. [PMID: 33886388 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1921141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 induces a cytokine storm and can cause inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in the lungs, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity the associated to COVID-19, and the cytokine storm is a prominent etiological factor. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are an alternative therapy for the management of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions due to their immunosuppressive properties. The immunomodulatory and tissue regeneration capabilities of extracellular vesicles may support their application as a prospective therapy for COVID-19.Areas Covered: We explored the clinical evidence on extracellular vesicles as antiviral agents and in mitigating ARDS, and their therapeutic potential in COVID-19.Expert Opinion: Clinical trials using extracellular vesicles are registered against COVID-19 associated complications, with some evidence of safety and efficacy. Extracellular vesicles present an alternative potential for cell therapy for COVID-19 management, but further preclinical and clinical investigations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Gupta
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, USA.,BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, USA.,South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc), Laredo, USA.,Veterans in Pain, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Kashte Shivaji
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Institution Deemed to Be University), Kolhapur, India
| | - Sachin Kadam
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Institution Deemed to Be University), Kolhapur, India.,Advancells Group, Noida, India
| | | | - Hugo C Rodriguez
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, USA.,South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc), Laredo, USA.,Future Physicians of South Texas, San Antonio, USA.,School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, USA
| | - Anish G Potty
- South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc), Laredo, USA.,School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, USA.,The Institute of Musculoskeletal Excellence (TIME Orthopaedics), Laredo, USA
| | - Saadiq F El-Amin
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, USA.,El-Amin Orthopaedic & Sports Medicine Institute, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.,San Giovanni Di Dio E Ruggi D'Aragona Hospital "Clinica Orthopedica" Department, Hospital of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, London, England
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27
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Gupta A, Maffulli N, Rodriguez HC, Lee CE, Levy HJ, El-Amin SF. Umbilical cord-derived Wharton's jelly for treatment of knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a non-randomized, open-label, multi-center trial. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:143. [PMID: 33602286 PMCID: PMC7890617 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the USA, and knee OA has the highest prevalence. Inflammation and decrease in vascularization are key factors in the degeneration of articular cartilage and the associated pain and decrease in function. To combat this process, the use of biologics including umbilical cord-derived Wharton’s Jelly (UC-derived WJ) has grown. UC-derived WJ contains large quantities of regenerative factors, including growth factors (GFs), cytokines (CKs), hyaluronic acid (HA), and extracellular vesicles (EVs). The proposed study evaluates the safety and efficacy of intraarticular injection of UC-derived WJ for treatment of knee OA symptoms. Methods and analysis This is a non-randomized, open-label, multi-center, prospective study in which the safety and efficacy of intraarticular UC-derived WJ in patients suffering from grade II/III OA will be assessed. Twelve patients with grade II/III OA who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be recruited for this study which will be conducted at up to two sites within the USA. The participants will be followed for 1 s. Participants will be assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), 36-item short form survey (SF-36), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), physical exams, plain radiography, and Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score for improvements in pain, satisfaction, function, and cartilage regeneration. Discussion This prospective study will contribute to the limited amount of data on UC-derived WJ, particularly with regard to its safety and efficacy. The outcomes from this study will also lay the groundwork for a large placebo-controlled trial of intraarticular UC-derived WJ for symptomatic knee OA. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04719793. Registered on 22 January 2021
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Gupta
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA, USA.,Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA, USA.,South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX, USA.,Veterans in Pain (V.I.P.), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.,San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona Hospital "Clinica Orthopedica" Department, Hospital of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Stoke on Trent, UK
| | - Hugo C Rodriguez
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA, USA.,South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX, USA.,School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of The Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Future Physicians of South Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cassidy E Lee
- El-Amin Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Institute, 2505 Newpoint Pkwy, Suite 100B, Lawrenceville, GA, 30043, USA
| | - Howard J Levy
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saadiq F El-Amin
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA, USA. .,El-Amin Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Institute, 2505 Newpoint Pkwy, Suite 100B, Lawrenceville, GA, 30043, USA.
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Su Y, Liu Y, Ma C, Guan C, Ma X, Meng S. Mesenchymal stem cell-originated exosomal lncRNA HAND2-AS1 impairs rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte activation through miR-143-3p/TNFAIP3/NF-κB pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:116. [PMID: 33549125 PMCID: PMC7866436 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNA heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2-antisense RNA 1 (HAND2-AS1) was found to be elevated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs). However, whether HAND2-AS1 functions as an exosomal lncRNA related to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in RA progression is unknown. Methods The expression of HAND2-AS1, microRNA (miR)-143-3p, and tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible protein 3 (TNFAIP3) was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were detected using cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, and wound healing and transwell assays. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukins (IL)-6 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of phosphorylated-p65 was examined by Western blot. The binding interaction between miR-143-3p and HAND2-AS1 or TNFAIP3 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and qualified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blot. Results HAND2-AS1 was lowly expressed in RA synovial tissues, and HAND2-AS1 re-expression suppressed the proliferation, motility, and inflammation and triggered the apoptosis in RA-FLSs via the inactivation of NF-κB pathway. Mechanistically, HAND2-AS1 directly sponged miR-143-3p and positively regulated TNFAIP3 expression, the target of miR-143-3p. Moreover, the effects of HAND2-AS1 on RA-FLSs were partially attenuated by miR-143-3p upregulation or TNFAIP3 knockdown. HAND2-AS1 could be packaged into hMSC-derived exosomes and absorbed by RA-FLSs, and human MSC-derived exosomal HAND2-AS1 also repressed above malignant biological behavior of RA-FLSs. Conclusion MSC-derived exosomes participated in the intercellular transfer of HAND2-AS1 and suppressed the activation of RA-FLSs via miR-143-3p/TNFAIP3/NF-κB pathway, which provided a novel insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, NO.2428 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, NO.2428 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Internal medicine, Yuncheng Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Heze, 274700, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxiao Guan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, NO.2428 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiufen Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, NO.2428 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Meng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, NO.2428 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China.
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