1
|
Niu Y, Wei H, Zhang Y, Su J. Transcriptome response of a marine copepod in response to environmentally-relevant concentrations of saxitoxin. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116546. [PMID: 38870575 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) can pose a serious threat to human health. Among them, saxitoxin (STX) is one of the most potent natural neurotoxins. Here, the copepod Tigriopus japonicus, was exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (2.5 and 25 μg/L) STX for 48 h. Although no lethal effects were observed at both concentrations, the transcriptome was significantly altered, and displayed a concentration-dependent response. STX exposure decreased the copepod's metabolism and compromised immune defense and detoxification. Additionally, STX disturbed signal transduction, which might affect other cellular processes. STX exposure could inhibit the copepod's chitin metabolism, disrupting its molting process. Also, the processes related to damage repair and protection were up-regulated to fight against high concentration exposure. Collectively, this study has provided an early warning of PSTs for coastal ecosystem not only because of their potent toxicity effect but also their bioaccumulation that can transfer up the food chain after ingestion by copepods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaolu Niu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yunlei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jie Su
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Campli G, Volovych O, Kim K, Veldsman WP, Drage HB, Sheizaf I, Lynch S, Chipman AD, Daley AC, Robinson-Rechavi M, Waterhouse RM. The moulting arthropod: a complete genetic toolkit review. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 39039636 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Exoskeletons are a defining character of all arthropods that provide physical support for their segmented bodies and appendages as well as protection from the environment and predation. This ubiquitous yet evolutionarily variable feature has been instrumental in facilitating the adoption of a variety of lifestyles and the exploitation of ecological niches across all environments. Throughout the radiation that produced the more than one million described modern species, adaptability afforded by segmentation and exoskeletons has led to a diversity that is unrivalled amongst animals. However, because of the limited extensibility of exoskeleton chitin and cuticle components, they must be periodically shed and replaced with new larger ones, notably to accommodate the growing individuals encased within. Therefore, arthropods grow discontinuously by undergoing periodic moulting events, which follow a series of steps from the preparatory pre-moult phase to ecdysis itself and post-moult maturation of new exoskeletons. Each event represents a particularly vulnerable period in an arthropod's life cycle, so processes must be tightly regulated and meticulously executed to ensure successful transitions for normal growth and development. Decades of research in representative arthropods provide a foundation of understanding of the mechanisms involved. Building on this, studies continue to develop and test hypotheses on the presence and function of molecular components, including neuropeptides, hormones, and receptors, as well as the so-called early, late, and fate genes, across arthropod diversity. Here, we review the literature to develop a comprehensive overview of the status of accumulated knowledge of the genetic toolkit governing arthropod moulting. From biosynthesis and regulation of ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid hormones, to factors involved in hormonal stimulation responses and exoskeleton remodelling, we identify commonalities and differences, as well as highlighting major knowledge gaps, across arthropod groups. We examine the available evidence supporting current models of how components operate together to prepare for, execute, and recover from ecdysis, comparing reports from Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, and Hexapoda. Evidence is generally highly taxonomically imbalanced, with most reports based on insect study systems. Biases are also evident in research on different moulting phases and processes, with the early triggers and late effectors generally being the least well explored. Our synthesis contrasts knowledge based on reported observations with reasonably plausible assumptions given current taxonomic sampling, and exposes weak assumptions or major gaps that need addressing. Encouragingly, advances in genomics are driving a diversification of tractable study systems by facilitating the cataloguing of putative genetic toolkits in previously under-explored taxa. Analysis of genome and transcriptome data supported by experimental investigations have validated the presence of an "ultra-conserved" core of arthropod genes involved in moulting processes. The molecular machinery has likely evolved with elaborations on this conserved pathway backbone, but more taxonomic exploration is needed to characterise lineage-specific changes and novelties. Furthermore, linking these to transformative innovations in moulting processes across Arthropoda remains hampered by knowledge gaps and hypotheses based on untested assumptions. Promisingly however, emerging from the synthesis is a framework that highlights research avenues from the underlying genetics to the dynamic molecular biology through to the complex physiology of moulting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Campli
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Olga Volovych
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Werner P Veldsman
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Harriet B Drage
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Idan Sheizaf
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Sinéad Lynch
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Ariel D Chipman
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Allison C Daley
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Marc Robinson-Rechavi
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo HZ, Wang D, Yang HT, Wu YL, Li YC, Xia GH, Zhang XY. Heterologous Expression and Characterization of a pH-Stable Chitinase from Micromonospora aurantiaca with a Potential Application in Chitin Degradation. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:287. [PMID: 38921598 PMCID: PMC11204758 DOI: 10.3390/md22060287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
To promote the bioconversion of marine chitin waste into value-added products, we expressed a novel pH-stable Micromonospora aurantiaca-derived chitinase, MaChi1, in Escherichia coli and subsequently purified, characterized, and evaluated it for its chitin-converting capacity. Our results indicated that MaChi1 is of the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 18 with a molecular weight of approximately 57 kDa, consisting of a GH18 catalytic domain and a cellulose-binding domain. We recorded its optimal activity at pH 5.0 and 55 °C. It exhibited excellent stability in a wide pH range of 3.0-10.0. Mg2+ (5 mM), and dithiothreitol (10 mM) significantly promoted MaChi1 activity. MaChi1 exhibited broad substrate specificity and hydrolyzed chitin, chitosan, cellulose, soluble starch, and N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides with polymerization degrees ranging from three to six. Moreover, MaChi1 exhibited an endo-type cleavage pattern, and it could efficiently convert colloidal chitin into N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and (GlcNAc)2 with yields of 227.2 and 505.9 mg/g chitin, respectively. Its high chitin-degrading capacity and exceptional pH tolerance makes it a promising tool with potential applications in chitin waste treatment and bioactive oligosaccharide production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Zhong Guo
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Dou Wang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Hui-Ting Yang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Yu-Le Wu
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Yong-Cheng Li
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Guang-Hua Xia
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sahoo S, Badhe MR, Paul A, Sahoo PK, Suryawanshi AR, Panda D, Pillai BR, Baliarsingh S, Patnaik BB, Mohanty J. Isolation and characterization of a lectin-like chitinase from the hepatopancreas of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Biochimie 2024; 221:125-136. [PMID: 37769935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
A lectin was isolated from the hepatopancreas of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii by affinity chromatography using mucin-sepharose matrix. The purity of the isolated lectin was confirmed in native gradient PAGE that showed a single protein band of ∼37.9 kDa. In SDS-PAGE also one band of ∼43.3 kDa molecular weight was observed that indicated the protein to be a monomer. The band from the SDS-PAGE gel was identified through mass spectrometry as chitinase 1. The purified chitinase (50 μg/ml) hemagglutinated rabbit RBCs and, mucin and glucose inhibited hemagglutination with minimum concentrations of 0.1 mg/ml and 100 mM, respectively. Bacterial agglutination with Gram -ve Vibrio harveyi, Aeromonas sobria and Escherichia coli was also observed by this protein. Thus, chitinase 1 showed lectin-like properties besides its chitin hydrolytic activity. In western blot with hepatopancreas sample, rabbit antiserum against chitinase 1 cross-reacted to two additional proteins namely, chitinase 1C and obstructor E (a chitin-binding protein, CBP), besides its specific reactivity. An indirect ELISA was developed with the antiserum to quantify chitinases/CBP in hepatopancreas and serum samples of M. rosenbergii. The assay was used in samples from juvenile prawns following V. harveyi challenge. At 72 h post-challenge, significantly higher levels of chitinases/CBP were quantified in the hepatopancreas of the challenged group (1.8 ± 0.2 mg/g tissue) compared to the control (1.2 ± 0.1 mg/g tissue). This study suggests that the chitinase 1 protein with lectin-like properties is possibly induced at the protein level and can be putatively involved in the innate immune response of M. rosenbergii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonalina Sahoo
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | - Mohan R Badhe
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | - Anirban Paul
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | - Pramoda Kumar Sahoo
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | | | - Debabrata Panda
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | - Bindu R Pillai
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | - Snigdha Baliarsingh
- P.G. Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Nuapadhi, Balasore, 756089, India
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- P.G. Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Nuapadhi, Balasore, 756089, India; Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea; Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jyotirmaya Mohanty
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang XX, Ding MJ, Gao J, Zhao L, Cao R, Wang XW. Modulation of host lipid metabolism by virus infection leads to exoskeleton damage in shrimp. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012228. [PMID: 38739679 PMCID: PMC11115362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The arthropod exoskeleton provides protection and support and is vital for survival and adaption. The integrity and mechanical properties of the exoskeleton are often impaired after pathogenic infection; however, the detailed mechanism by which infection affects the exoskeleton remains largely unknown. Here, we report that the damage to the shrimp exoskeleton is caused by modulation of host lipid profiles after infection with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). WSSV infection disrupts the mechanical performance of the exoskeleton by inducing the expression of a chitinase (Chi2) in the sub-cuticle epidermis and decreasing the cuticle chitin content. The induction of Chi2 expression is mediated by a nuclear receptor that can be activated by certain enriched long-chain saturated fatty acids after infection. The damage to the exoskeleton, an aftereffect of the induction of host lipogenesis by WSSV, significantly impairs the motor ability of shrimp. Blocking the WSSV-caused lipogenesis restored the mechanical performance of the cuticle and improved the motor ability of infected shrimp. Therefore, this study reveals a mechanism by which WSSV infection modulates shrimp internal metabolism resulting in phenotypic impairment, and provides new insights into the interactions between the arthropod host and virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming-Jie Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xian-Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu S, Xuan J, Shentu Y, Kida K, Kobayashi M, Wang W, Ono M, Chang D. Effect of chitin-architected spatiotemporal three-dimensional culture microenvironments on human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:291-305. [PMID: 38370866 PMCID: PMC10869358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has been explored for the clinical treatment of various diseases. However, the current two-dimensional (2D) culture method lacks a natural spatial microenvironment in vitro. This limitation restricts the stable establishment and adaptive maintenance of MSC stemness. Using natural polymers with biocompatibility for constructing stereoscopic MSC microenvironments may have significant application potential. This study used chitin-based nanoscaffolds to establish a novel MSC three-dimensional (3D) culture. We compared 2D and 3D cultured human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSCs), including differentiation assays, cell markers, proliferation, and angiogenesis. When UCMSCs are in 3D culture, they can differentiate into bone, cartilage, and fat. In 3D culture condition, cell proliferation is enhanced, accompanied by an elevation in the secretion of paracrine factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) by UCMSCs. Additionally, a 3D culture environment promotes angiogenesis and duct formation with HUVECs (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells), showing greater luminal area, total length, and branching points of tubule formation than a 2D culture. MSCs cultured in a 3D environment exhibit enhanced undifferentiated, as well as higher cell activity, making them a promising candidate for regenerative medicine and therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuoji Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Junfeng Xuan
- Department of Cell Therapy in Regenerative Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yunchao Shentu
- Department of Cell Therapy in Regenerative Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | | | | | - Wei Wang
- Winhealth Pharma, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Minoru Ono
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Dehua Chang
- Department of Cell Therapy in Regenerative Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He Z, Chen Y, Gao J, Xu Y, Zhou X, Yang R, Geng R, Li R, Yu G. Comparative toxicology of algal cell extracts and pure cyanotoxins: insights into toxic effects and mechanisms of harmful cyanobacteria Raphidiopsis raciborskii. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 135:102635. [PMID: 38830716 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Ongoing research on cyanotoxins, driven by the socioeconomic impact of harmful algal blooms, emphasizes the critical necessity of elucidating the toxicological profiles of algal cell extracts and pure toxins. This study comprehensively compares Raphidiopsis raciborskii dissolved extract (RDE) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) based on Daphnia magna assays. Both RDE and CYN target vital organs and disrupt reproduction, development, and digestion, thereby causing acute and chronic toxicity. Disturbances in locomotion, reduced behavioral activity, and weakened swimming capability in D. magna have also been reported for both RDE and CYN, indicating the insufficiency of conventional toxicity evaluation parameters for distinguishing between the toxic effects of algal extracts and pure cyanotoxins. Additionally, chemical profiling revealed the presence of highly active tryptophan-, humic acid-, and fulvic acid-like fluorescence compounds in the RDE, along with the active constituents of CYN, within a 15-day period, demonstrating the chemical complexity and dynamics of the RDE. Transcriptomics was used to further elucidate the distinct molecular mechanisms of RDE and CYN. They act diversely in terms of cytotoxicity, involving oxidative stress and response, protein content, and energy metabolism, and demonstrate distinct modes of action in neurofunctions. In essence, this study underscores the distinct toxicity mechanisms of RDE and CYN and emphasizes the necessity for context- and objective-specific toxicity assessments, advocating nuanced approaches to evaluate the ecological and health implications of cyanotoxins, thereby contributing to the precision of environmental risk assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshi He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Youxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jin Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yewei Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xinya Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruozhen Geng
- Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Taihu Basin & East China Sea Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Shanghai 200125, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Renhui Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Gongliang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tong D, Yu Y, Lu L, Zhou W, Yu Y, Zhang X, Tian D, Liu G, Shi W. Microplastics weaken the exoskeletal mechanical properties of Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133771. [PMID: 38364581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments poses a significant threat to crustaceans. Although exoskeleton quality is critical for crustacean survival, the impact of MPs on crustacean exoskeletons remains elusive. Our study represents a pioneering effort to characterize the effects of MPs exposure on crustacean exoskeletons. In this study, the mechanical properties of whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exoskeletons were analyzed after exposure to environmentally realistic levels of MPs. Nanoindentation data demonstrated that MPs exposure significantly increased the hardness and modulus of both the carapace and abdominal segments of L. vannamei. Moreover, fractures and embedded MPs were detected on the exoskeleton surface using SEM-EDS analysis. Further analysis demonstrated that the degree of chitin acetylation (DA) in the shrimp exoskeleton, as indicated by FTIR peaks, was reduced by MPs exposure. In addition, exposure to MPs significantly inhibited the muscle Ca2+-ATPase activity and hemolymph calcium levels. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that the expression levels of genes encoding key enzymes and metabolites in the chitin biosynthetic pathway were significantly affected by MPs exposure. In conclusion, MPs at environmentally relevant concentrations may affect the exoskeletal mechanical properties of L. vannamei through a comprehensive mechanism involving the disruption of the crystalline structure of chitin, assimilation into the exoskeleton, and dysregulation of exoskeleton biosynthesis-related pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Difei Tong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yingying Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lingzheng Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yihan Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xunyi Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Dandan Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen S, Shi C, Ye Y, Li R, Song W, Song C, Mu C, Ren Z, Wang C. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Light Spectra Affect the Growth and Molting of Scylla paramamosain by Changing the Chitin Metabolism. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:351-363. [PMID: 38498104 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Light is an essential ecological factor that has been demonstrated to affect aquatic animals' behavior, growth performance, and energy metabolism. Our previous study found that the full-spectrum light and cyan light could promote growth performance and molting frequency of Scylla paramamosain while it was suppressed by violet light. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism that influences light spectral composition on the growth performance and molting of S. paramamosain. RNA-seq analysis and qPCR were employed to assess the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of eyestalks from S. paramamosain reared under full-spectrum light (FL), violet light (VL), and cyan light (CL) conditions after 8 weeks trial. The results showed that there are 5024 DEGs in FL vs. VL, 3398 DEGs in FL vs. CL, and 3559 DEGs in VL vs. CL observed. GO analysis showed that the DEGs enriched in the molecular function category involved in chitin binding, structural molecular activity, and structural constituent of cuticle. In addition, the DEGs in FL vs. VL were mainly enriched in the ribosome, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, lysosome, apoptosis, and antigen processing and presentation pathways by KEGG pathway analysis. Similarly, ribosome, lysosome, and antigen processing and presentation pathways were major terms that enriched in FL vs. CL group. However, only the ribosome pathway was significantly enriched in up-regulated DEGs in VL vs. CL group. Furthermore, five genes were randomly selected from DEGs for qPCR analysis to validate the RNA-seq data, and the result showed that there was high consistency between the RNA-seq and qPCR. Taken together, violet light exposure may affect the growth performance of S. paramamosain by reducing the ability of immunity and protein biosynthesis, and chitin metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Marine Economic Research Center, Dong Hai Strategic Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- Marine Economic Research Center, Dong Hai Strategic Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Yangfang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Changbin Song
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Changkao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Zhiming Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maas AE, Timmins-Schiffman E, Tarrant AM, Nunn BL, Park J, Blanco-Bercial L. Diel metabolic patterns revealed by in situ transcriptome and proteome in a vertically migratory copepod. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17284. [PMID: 38258354 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Zooplankton undergo a diel vertical migration (DVM) which exposes them to gradients of light, temperature, oxygen, and food availability on a predictable daily schedule. Disentangling the co-varying and potentially synergistic interactions on metabolic rates has proven difficult, despite the importance of this migration for the delivery of metabolic waste products to the distinctly different daytime (deep) and nighttime (surface) habitats. This study examines the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of the circumglobal migratory copepod, Pleuromamma xiphias, over the diel cycle. The transcriptome showed that 96% of differentially expressed genes were upregulated during the middle of the day - the period often considered to be of lowest zooplankton activity. The changes in protein abundance were more spread out over time, peaking (42% of comparisons) in the early evening. Between 9:00 and 15:00, both the transcriptome and proteome datasets showed increased expression related to chitin synthesis and degradation. Additionally, at 09:00 and 22:00, there were increases in myosin and vitellogenin proteins, potentially linked to the stress of migration and/or reproductive investment. Based on protein abundances detected, there is an inferred switch in broad metabolic processes, shifting from electron transport system in the day to glycolysis and glycogen mobilization in the afternoon/evening. These observations provide evidence of the diel impact of DVM on transcriptomic and proteomic pathways that likely influence metabolic processes and subsequent excretion products, and clarify how this behaviour results in the direct rapid transport of waste metabolites from the surface to the deep ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Maas
- Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, School of Ocean Futures, Arizona State University, St. George's, Bermuda
| | | | - Ann M Tarrant
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brook L Nunn
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jea Park
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Leocadio Blanco-Bercial
- Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, School of Ocean Futures, Arizona State University, St. George's, Bermuda
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Correa KCS, Facchinatto WM, Habitzreuter FB, Ribeiro GH, Rodrigues LG, Micocci KC, Campana-Filho SP, Colnago LA, Souza DHF. Activity of a Recombinant Chitinase of the Atta sexdens Ant on Different Forms of Chitin and Its Fungicidal Effect against Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:529. [PMID: 38399907 PMCID: PMC10892911 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the activity of a recombinant chitinase from the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens (AsChtII-C4B1) against colloidal and solid α- and β-chitin substrates. 1H NMR analyses of the reaction media showed the formation of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) as the hydrolysis product. Viscometry analyses revealed a reduction in the viscosity of chitin solutions, indicating that the enzyme decreases their molecular masses. Both solid state 13C NMR and XRD analyses showed minor differences in chitin crystallinity pre- and post-reaction, indicative of partial hydrolysis under the studied conditions, resulting in the formation of GlcNAc and a reduction in molecular mass. However, the enzyme was unable to completely degrade the chitin samples, as they retained most of their solid-state structure. It was also observed that the enzyme acts progressively and with a greater activity on α-chitin than on β-chitin. AsChtII-C4B1 significantly changed the hyphae of the phytopathogenic fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae, hindering its growth in both solid and liquid media and reducing its dry biomass by approximately 61%. The results demonstrate that AsChtII-C4B1 could be applied as an agent for the bioproduction of chitin derivatives and as a potential antifungal agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Celina Santos Correa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (K.C.S.C.); (L.G.R.); (K.C.M.)
| | - William Marcondes Facchinatto
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, CICECO, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, St. Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Filipe Biagioni Habitzreuter
- Sao Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Ave. Trabalhador Sao-carlense 400, 13560-590 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (F.B.H.); (S.P.C.-F.)
| | - Gabriel Henrique Ribeiro
- Brazilian Corporation for Agricultural Research, Embrapa Instrumentation, St. XV de Novembro 1452, 13560-970 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (G.H.R.); (L.A.C.)
| | - Lucas Gomes Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (K.C.S.C.); (L.G.R.); (K.C.M.)
| | - Kelli Cristina Micocci
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (K.C.S.C.); (L.G.R.); (K.C.M.)
| | - Sérgio Paulo Campana-Filho
- Sao Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Ave. Trabalhador Sao-carlense 400, 13560-590 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (F.B.H.); (S.P.C.-F.)
| | - Luiz Alberto Colnago
- Brazilian Corporation for Agricultural Research, Embrapa Instrumentation, St. XV de Novembro 1452, 13560-970 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (G.H.R.); (L.A.C.)
| | - Dulce Helena Ferreira Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, Brazil; (K.C.S.C.); (L.G.R.); (K.C.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Akinsemolu A, Onyeaka H. Exploring the Role of Green Microbes in Sustainable Bioproduction of Biodegradable Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4617. [PMID: 38232039 PMCID: PMC10708544 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Research efforts have shifted to creating biodegradable polymers to offset the harmful environmental impacts associated with the accumulation of non-degradable synthetic polymers in the environment. This review presents a comprehensive examination of the role of green microbes in fostering sustainable bioproduction of these environment-friendly polymers. Green microbes, primarily algae and cyanobacteria, have emerged as promising bio-factories due to their ability to capture carbon dioxide and utilize solar energy efficiently. It further discusses the metabolic pathways harnessed for the synthesis of biopolymers such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and the potential for genetic engineering to augment their production yields. Additionally, the techno-economic feasibility of using green microbes, challenges associated with the up-scaling of biopolymer production, and potential solutions are elaborated upon. With the twin goals of environmental protection and economic viability, green microbes pave the way for a sustainable polymer industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adenike Akinsemolu
- Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Integrated Science, Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo 351101, Nigeria
| | - Helen Onyeaka
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yoo JW, Choi TJ, Park JS, Kim J, Han S, Kim CB, Lee YM. Pathway-dependent toxic interaction between polystyrene microbeads and methylmercury on the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis: Based on mercury bioaccumulation, cytotoxicity, and transcriptomic analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132055. [PMID: 37480609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Given their worldwide distribution and toxicity to aquatic organisms, methylmercury (MeHg) and microplastics (MP) are major pollutants in marine ecosystems. Although they commonly co-exist in the ocean, information on their toxicological interactions is limited. Therefore, to understand the toxicological interactions between MeHg and MP (6-μm polystyrene), we investigated the bioaccumulation of MeHg, its cytotoxicity, and transcriptomic modulation in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis following single and combined exposure to MeHg and MP. After single exposure to MeHg for 48-h, D. celebensis showed high Hg accumulation (34.83 ± 0.40 μg/g dw biota) and cytotoxicity, which was reduced upon co-exposure to MP. After transcriptomic analysis, 2, 253, and 159 differentially expressed genes were detected in the groups exposed to MP, MeHg, and MeHg+MP, respectively. Genes related to metabolic pathways and the immune system were significantly affected after MeHg exposure, but the effect of MeHg on these pathways was alleviated by MP co-exposure. However, MeHg and MP exhibited synergistic effects on the expression of gene related to DNA replication. These findings suggest that MP can reduce the toxicity of MeHg but that their toxicological interactions differ depending on the molecular pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-June Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Han
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bae Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zi X, Li Y, Li G, Jia B, Jeppesen E, Zeng Q, Gu X. A molting chemical cue (N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate) contributes to cannibalism of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 263:106666. [PMID: 37660581 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Under high-density culture, cannibalism occurs frequently during the molting of the Chinese mitten crabs Eriocheir sinensis, resulting in a large reduction in production. We found that the leakage of molting fluid from sexually immature crabs informs conspecifics that they are in a molting process. This hypothesis was verified through metabolomics analyses combined with behavioral experiments. The GlcNAc-6-P was identified as a molting biomarker from the differential metabolites by non-targeted metabolomics. In addition, we found that the concentration of GlcNAc-6-P in the molting fluid was significantly higher than other molting metabolites at different molting stages, reaching 5.84 μmol L-1, indicating that the molting fluid was the source of GlcNAc-6-P. Moreover, the behavioral experiments showed that crabs were actively approached to high concentrations of GlcNAc-6-P (1 μmol L-1), but had no obvious choice tendency at different concentrations of UTP, 20-HE and low concentrations of GlcNAc-6-P (0.1 μmol L-1, 0.01 μmol L-1) compared with the control groups. In conclusion, that E. sinensis by sensing the concentration change of GlcNAc-6-P can locate the source of GlcNAc-6-P release and actively approach the high concentration GlcNAc-6-P area and attack the molting crab, causing cannibalism. Blocking the reception pathway of molting chemical cues in E. sinensis, thereby preventing the perception of signals originating from conspecifics' molting in the vicinity, could lead to a reduction in cannibalistic behavior and an increase in overall production. Additionally, this method presents a prospective solution for addressing cannibalism in other crustacean species where such behavior is prevalent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zi
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yifan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gang Li
- Nanjing Zechun Water Engineering Co., Ltd, 211300, China
| | - Bingchan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Århus, Denmark; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, China; Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation (EKOSAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey; Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Qingfei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zou H, Li X, Zou H, Wang Z, Zou C. FDP-Na-induced enhancement of glycolysis impacts larval growth and development and chitin biosynthesis in fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 195:105560. [PMID: 37666596 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Fructose 1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) is an endogenous intermediate in the glycolytic pathway, as well as an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase (PFK). Based on the role in promoting glycolysis, FDP has been widely used as a therapeutic agent for mitigating the damage of endotoxemia and ischemia/reperfusion in clinical practice. However, the effect of exogenous FDP-induced glycolysis activation on insect carbohydrate metabolism and chitin synthesis remains largely unclear. Here, we investigated for the first time the effects of FDP-Na, an allosteric activator of PFK, on the growth and development of Hyphantria cunea larvae, a serious defoliator in agriculture and forestry, especially on glycolysis and chitin synthesis. The results showed that FDP-Na significantly restrained the growth and development of H. cunea larvae and resulted in larval lethality. After treatment with FDP-Na, hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) were significantly activated, and HcHK2, HcPFK, HcPK were dramatically upregulated, which suggested that FDP-Na enhanced glycolysis in H. cunea larvae. Meanwhile, FDP-Na also distinctly impacted chitin biosynthesis by disturbing transcriptions of genes in the chitin synthesis pathway, resulting in changes of chitin contents in the midgut and epidermis of H. cunea larvae. Therefore, we considered that FDP-Na caused the growth and development arrest, and impacted chitin biosynthesis, probably by disturbing in vivo glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism in H. cunea larvae. The findings provide a new perspective on the mechanism by which glycolysis regulates insect growth and development, and lay the foundation for exploring the potential application of glycolysis activators in pest control as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Haifeng Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Xingpeng Li
- Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin 132013, PR China
| | - Hang Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Ze Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Chuanshan Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
do Amaral SC, Xavier LP, Vasconcelos V, Santos AV. Cyanobacteria: A Promising Source of Antifungal Metabolites. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:359. [PMID: 37367684 DOI: 10.3390/md21060359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a rich source of secondary metabolites, and they have received a great deal of attention due to their applicability in different industrial sectors. Some of these substances are known for their notorious ability to inhibit fungal growth. Such metabolites are very chemically and biologically diverse. They can belong to different chemical classes, including peptides, fatty acids, alkaloids, polyketides, and macrolides. Moreover, they can also target different cell components. Filamentous cyanobacteria have been the main source of these compounds. This review aims to identify the key features of these antifungal agents, as well as the sources from which they are obtained, their major targets, and the environmental factors involved when they are being produced. For the preparation of this work, a total of 642 documents dating from 1980 to 2022 were consulted, including patents, original research, review articles, and theses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cavalcante do Amaral
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pereira Xavier
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Vítor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Agenor Valadares Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zou X, Suo CL, Geng XM, Li CY, Fu HH, Zhang Y, Wang P, Sun ML. Complete genome sequence of Bacillus cereus 2-6A, a marine exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal sediment of the Pacific Ocean. Mar Genomics 2023; 69:101029. [PMID: 37100528 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2023.101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus 2-6A, was isolated from the sediments in the hydrothermal area of the Pacific Ocean with a water depth of 2628 m. In this study, we report the whole genome sequence of strain 2-6A and analyze that to understand its metabolic capacities and biosynthesis potential of natural products. The genome of strain 2-6A consists of a circular chromosome of 5,191,018 bp with a GC content of 35.3 mol% and two plasmids of 234,719 bp and 411,441 bp, respectively. Genomic data mining reveals that strain 2-6A has several gene clusters involved in exopolysaccharides (EPSs) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production and complex polysaccharides degradation. It also possesses a variety of genes for allowing strain 2-6A to cope with osmotic stress, oxidative stress, heat shock, cold shock and heavy metal stress, which could play a vital role in the adaptability of the strain to hydrothermal environments. Gene clusters for secondary metabolite production, such as lasso peptide and siderophore, are also predicted. Therefore, genome sequencing and data mining provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of Bacillus in adapting to hydrothermal deep ocean environments and can facilitate further experimental exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zou
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chuan-Lei Suo
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Geng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chun-Yang Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hui-Hui Fu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Mei-Ling Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sachdeva B, Sachdeva P, Negi A, Ghosh S, Han S, Dewanjee S, Jha SK, Bhaskar R, Sinha JK, Paiva-Santos AC, Jha NK, Kesari KK. Chitosan Nanoparticles-Based Cancer Drug Delivery: Application and Challenges. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040211. [PMID: 37103352 PMCID: PMC10142570 DOI: 10.3390/md21040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer consisting of N-acetylglucosamine units and is primarily derived from the shells of marine crustaceans and the cell walls of organisms (such as bacteria, fungi, and algae). Being a biopolymer, its materialistic properties, such as biodegradability, and biocompatibility, make it a suitable choice for biomedical applications. Similarly, its deacetylated derivative, chitosan, exhibits similar biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, making it a suitable support material for biomedical applications. Furthermore, it has intrinsic material properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor. Population studies have projected nearly 12 million cancer patients across the globe, where most will be suffering from solid tumors. One of the shortcomings of potent anticancer drugs is finding a suitable cellular delivery material or system. Therefore, identifying new drug carriers to achieve effective anticancer therapy is becoming essential. This paper focuses on the strategies implemented using chitin and chitosan biopolymers in drug delivery for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
19
|
Mendoza-Porras O, Broadbent JA, Beale DJ, Escobar-Correas SM, Osborne SA, Simon CJ, Wade NM. Post-prandial response in hepatopancreas and haemolymph of Penaeus monodon fed different diets. Omics insights into glycoconjugate metabolism, energy utilisation, chitin biosynthesis, immune function, and autophagy. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY PART D: GENOMICS AND PROTEOMICS 2023; 46:101073. [PMID: 37018937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Raw materials or bioactive ingredients trigger mechanisms to assimilate nutrients and activate metabolic pathways that promote growth, immune function, or energy storage. Our understanding of these processes at a molecular level remains limited in aquaculture, especially in shrimp. Here, hepatopancreas proteomics and haemolymph metabolomics were used to investigate the post-prandial response of black tiger shrimps (Penaeus monodon) fed a conventional fishmeal diet (FM); a diet supplemented with the microbial biomass Novacq™ (NV); krill meal (KM); or, fasted (FS). Using FM as a control, a 2-fold change in abundance threshold was implemented to determine the significance of proteins and metabolites. NV fed shrimp showed preference for energy derived from carbohydrates indicated by a strong signature of glycoconjugate metabolism and activation of the amino- and nucleotide sugar metabolic pathway. KM activated the glyoxylate and dicarboxylate pathway that denoted shrimp preference for lipidic energy. KM also influenced energy generation by the TCA cycle inferred from higher abundance of the metabolites succinic semialdehyde, citric acid, isocitrate, alpha ketoglutarate and ATP and downregulation of the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase that catalyses oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate. FS shrimp displayed down-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and resorted to internal lipid reserves for energy homeostasis displaying a strong signature of autophagy. Pyrimidine metabolism was the preferred energy strategy in this group. Our study also provided evidence that during fasting or consumption of specific ingredients, shrimp share common pathways to meet their energy requirements, however, the intensity at which these pathways were impacted was diet dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mendoza-Porras
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| | - James A Broadbent
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - David J Beale
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Simone A Osborne
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Cedric J Simon
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas M Wade
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zarantoniello M, Chemello G, Ratti S, Pulido-Rodríguez LF, Daniso E, Freddi L, Salinetti P, Nartea A, Bruni L, Parisi G, Riolo P, Olivotto I. Growth and Welfare Status of Giant Freshwater Prawn ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Post-Larvae Reared in Aquaponic Systems and Fed Diets including Enriched Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens) Prepupae Meal. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040715. [PMID: 36830501 PMCID: PMC9952608 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited application of insect meal in giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) culture, the present study aimed to (i) produce spirulina-enriched full-fat black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae meal (HM) and (ii) test, for the first time, two experimental diets characterized by 3% or 20% of fish meal and fish oil replacement with full-fat HM (HM3 and HM20, respectively) on M. rosenbergii post-larvae during a 60-day feeding trial conducted in aquaponic systems. The experimental diets did not negatively affect survival rates or growth. The use of spirulina-enriched HM resulted in a progressive increase in α-tocopherol and carotenoids in HM3 and HM20 diets that possibly played a crucial role in preserving prawn muscle-quality traits. The massive presence of lipid droplets in R cells in all the experimental groups reflected a proper nutrient provision and evidenced the necessity to store energy for molting. The increased number of B cells in the HM3 and HM20 groups could be related to the different compositions of the lipid fraction among the experimental diets instead of a nutrient absorption impairment caused by chitin. Finally, the expression of the immune response and stress markers confirmed that the experimental diets did not affect the welfare status of M. rosenbergii post-larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Zarantoniello
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Chemello
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Daniso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Freddi
- Mj Energy srl Società Agricola, Contrada SS. Crocifisso, 22, 62010 Treia, Italy
| | - Pietro Salinetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ancuta Nartea
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bruni
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giuliana Parisi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paola Riolo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ike Olivotto
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cui W, Saqib HSA, Gao W, Wang R, He Y, Yu Y, Lin Z, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Li S, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Ikhwanuddin M, Ma H. Myo-inositol accelerates the metamorphosis from megalopa to crablet of Scylla paramamosain by modulating cuticle decomposition and reconstruction. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
22
|
Li L, Wang YQ, Li GY, Song QS, Stanley D, Wei SJ, Zhu JY. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of chitin metabolism enzymes in Tenebrio molitor. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 111:e21950. [PMID: 35809232 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chitin is of great importance in the cuticle and inner cuticular linings of insects. Chitin synthases (CHSs), chitin deacetylases (CDAs), chitinases (CHTs), and β-N-acetylhexosaminidases (HEXs) are important enzymes required for chitin metabolism, and play essential roles in development and metamorphosis. Although chitin metabolism genes have been well characterized in limited insects, the information in the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, a model insect, is presently still unavailable. With the help of bioinformatics, we identified 54 genes that encode putative chitin metabolism enzymes, including 2 CHSs, 10 CDAs, 32 CHTs, and 10 HEXs in the genome of T. molitor. All these genes have the conserved domains and motifs of their corresponding protein family. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that CHS genes were divided into two groups. CDA genes were clustered into five groups. CHT genes were phylogenetically grouped into 11 clades, among which 1 in the endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases group and the others were classified in the glycoside hydrolase family 18 groups. HEX genes were assorted into six groups. Developmental and tissue-specific expression profiling indicated that the identified chitin metabolism genes showed dynamical expression patterns concurrent with specific instar during molting period, suggesting their significant roles in molting and development. They were predominantly expressed in different tissues or body parts, implying their functional specialization and diversity. The results provide important information for further clarifying their biological functions using the yellow mealworm as an ideal experimental insect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Guang-Ya Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Song
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/ARS Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Shu-Jun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu XY, Wang SS, Zhong F, Zhou M, Jiang XY, Cheng YS, Dan YH, Hu G, Li C, Tang B, Wu Y. Chitinase (CHI) of Spodoptera frugiperda affects molting development by regulating the metabolism of chitin and trehalose. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1034926. [PMID: 36262255 PMCID: PMC9574123 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1034926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin is the main component of insect exoskeleton and midgut peritrophic membrane. Insect molting is the result of the balance and coordination of chitin synthesis and degradation in chitin metabolism under the action of hormones. In this study, a 678 bp dsRNA fragment was designed and synthesized according to the known CHI (Chitinase) sequence of Spodoptera frugiperda. It was injected into the larvae to observe the molting and development of S. frugiperda. At the same time, the activities of trehalase and chitinase, the contents of trehalose, chitin and other substances were detected, and the expression of related genes in the chitin synthesis pathway was determined. The results showed that CHI gene was highly expressed at the end of each instar, prepupa and pupal stage before molting; At 12 and 24 h after dsRNA injection of CHI gene of S. frugiperda, the expression of CHI gene decreased significantly, and the chitinase activity decreased significantly from 12 to 48 h. The expression of chitin synthase (CHSB) gene decreased significantly, and the chitin content increased significantly. Some larvae could not molt normally and complete development, leading to certain mortality. Secondly, after RNAi of CHI gene, the content of glucose and glycogen increased first and then decreased, while the content of trehalose decreased significantly or showed a downward trend. The activities of the two types of trehalase and the expression levels of trehalase genes decreased first and then increased, especially the trehalase activities increased significantly at 48 h after dsCHI injection. And trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS), glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylases (UAP), hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (G6PI) and phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase (PAGM) all decreased significantly at 24 h, and then increased or significantly increased at 48 h. These results indicated that when the expression of chitinase gene of S. frugiperda was inhibited, it affected the degradation of chitin in the old epidermis and the formation of new epidermis, and the content of chitin increased, which led to the failure of larvae to molt normally. Moreover, the chitin synthesis pathway and trehalose metabolism were also regulated. The relevant results provide a theoretical basis for screening target genes and developing green insecticides to control pests by using the chitin metabolism pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Zhong
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin-Yi Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Sha Cheng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi-Hao Dan
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Can Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bin Tang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Wu,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Farhadi A, Lv L, Song J, Zhang Y, Ye S, Zhang N, Zheng H, Li S, Zhang Y, Ikhwanuddin M, Ma H. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing revealed the roles of chitin-related genes in the eyestalk abnormality of a novel mud crab hybrid (Scylla serrata ♀ × S. paramamosain ♂). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:611-626. [PMID: 35351543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chitin is a kind of insoluble structural polysaccharide and plays different roles in different species. In crustaceans, it forms the structural components in the exoskeleton. In our previous studies, novel mud crab hybrids have been produced from the interspecific hybridization of Scylla serrata ♀ × S. paramamosain ♂. Some of the hybrid crabs have been found to be morphologically (eyestalk) abnormal, but the genetic mechanism remains unknown. To address this question, we performed whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing on the control group (normal hybrids), abnormal hybrids, and S. paramamosain to uncover the genetic basis underlying this morphological abnormality. A total of 695 mRNAs, 10 miRNAs, 44 circRNAs, and 1957 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between normal and abnormal hybrids. Several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with chitin and cuticle metabolism were identified, including chitin synthase, chitinase, chitin deacetylase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, β-1,4-endoglucanase, N-alpha-acetyltransferase, cuticle proprotein, early cuticle protein, and arthrodial cuticle protein. Functional analysis showed that DE miRNAs, DE circRNAs, DE lncRNAs, and lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network were enriched in pathways related to the amino acid, carbohydrate, and glycogen metabolism. Considering the importance of the chitin and cuticle in exoskeleton formation, it can be concluded that the changes in the chitin and cuticle biosynthesis might have caused the eyestalk abnormality in hybrid crabs. These findings can lay the solid foundation for a better understanding of the important roles of chitin and cuticle related genes and the development of hybridization techniques in crustaceans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Farhadi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ligang Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jun Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shaopan Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Qingdao Zhongkehai Recycling Water Aquaculture System Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Mhd Ikhwanuddin
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tanaya Behera H, Mojumdar A, Kumari K, Kumar Gouda S, Das S, Ray L. Exploration of genomic and functional features of chitinolytic bacterium Streptomyces chilikensis RC1830, isolated from Chilika Lake, India. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:120. [PMID: 35547016 PMCID: PMC9035197 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces chilikensis RC1830 was previously isolated as a novel chitinolytic streptomycete from Chilika Lake, Odisha, India. The strain RC1830 is a representative member of the soil-dwelling, filamentous Streptomyces group that produces the majority of natural antibiotics and secondary metabolites. The objective of this work was to assess the chitin degradation ability and whole-genome sequence of Streptomyces chilikensis RC1830. TLC analysis of the fermentation product revealed that strain RC1830 can convert shrimp shell colloidal chitin to N-acetylated chitooligosaccharides (N-AcCOS). A genome-wide investigation of RC1830 was also carried out to investigate the genetic basis for chitin breakdown. The result showed that the RC1830 genome possesses a chromosome with 7,121,774 bp (73.2% GC). The genome consists of 6807 coding sequences, 69 tRNA, and 3 rRNA genes. Furthermore, carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) analysis revealed that RC1830 has 89 glycoside hydrolase family genes, which could modulate the enzymes involved in the degradation of chitin ultimately producing industrially important COS. The whole-genome information of RC1830 could emphasize the mechanism involved in the RC1830's chitin breakdown activity, endowing RC1830 with a promising alternative for COS production. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03184-5.
Collapse
|
26
|
Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes from the Deep-Sea Polychaete Branchipolynoe onnuriensis Genome. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chitin, one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature, is a crucial material that provides sufficient rigidity to the exoskeleton. In addition, chitin is a valuable substance in both the medical and industrial fields. The synthesis of chitin is catalyzed by chitin synthase (CHS) enzymes. Although the chitin synthesis pathway is highly conserved from fungi to invertebrates, CHSs have mostly only been investigated in insects and crustaceans. Especially, little is known about annelids from hydrothermal vents. To understand chitin synthesis from the evolutionary view in a deep-sea environment, we first generated the whole-genome sequencing of the parasitic polychaete Branchipolynoe onnuriensis. We identified seven putative CHS genes (BonCHS1-BonCHS7) by domain searches and phylogenetic analyses. This study showed that most crustaceans have only a single copy or two gene copies, whereas at least two independent gene duplication events occur in B. onnuriensis. This is the first study of CHS obtained from a parasitic species inhabiting a hydrothermal vent and will provide insight into various organisms’ adaptation to the deep-sea hosts.
Collapse
|
27
|
Kato K, Okamura K, Hiki K, Kintsu H, Nohara K, Yamagishi T, Nakajima N, Watanabe H, Yamamoto H. Potential differences in chitin synthesis ability cause different sensitivities to diflubenzuron among three strains of Daphnia magna. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 243:106071. [PMID: 34995867 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicity testing of crustaceans using Daphnia magna has been implemented in the chemical management systems of various countries. While the chemical sensitivity of D. magna varies depending on genetically different clonal lineages, the strain used in ecotoxicity tests, including the acute immobilization test (OECD TG202), has not been specified. We hypothesized that comprehensive gene expression profiles could provide useful information on phenotypic differences among strains, including chemical sensitivity. To test this hypothesis, we performed mRNA sequencing on three different strains (NIES, England, and Clone 5) of D. magna under culture conditions. The resulting expression profile of the NIES strain was clearly different compared to the profiles of the other two strains. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis suggested that chitin metabolism was significantly enriched in the NIES strain compared to that in the England strain. Consistent with the GO analysis, evidence of high levels of chitin metabolism in the NIES strain were observed across multiple levels of biological organization, such as expression of chitin synthase genes, chitin content, and chitinase activity, which suggested that the different strains would exhibit different sensitivities to chemicals used to inhibit chitin synthesis. We found that among all strains, the NIES strain was more tolerant to diflubenzuron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, with a 14-fold difference in the 48 h-EC50 value for the acute immobilization test compared to the England strain. The present study demonstrates that the differences among strains in chitin metabolism may lead to sensitivity difference to diflubenzuron, and serves as a case study of the usefulness of comprehensive gene expression profiles in finding sensitivity differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Kato
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan; Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Okamura
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Kyoshiro Hiki
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kintsu
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Keiko Nohara
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamagishi
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan; Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Nakajima
- Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Haruna Watanabe
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan; Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan; Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Taguchi design-assisted co-immobilization of lipase A and B from Candida antarctica onto chitosan: Characterization, kinetic resolution application, and docking studies. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
29
|
Cláudia da Costa Rocha A, José de Andrade C, de Oliveira D. Perspective on integrated biorefinery for valorization of biomass from the edible insect Tenebrio molitor. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|