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Yohana W, Rafisa A. Unlocking the potential of capsaicin in oral health (Review). Biomed Rep 2024; 21:153. [PMID: 39247424 PMCID: PMC11375627 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is a bioactive compound found prominently in Capsicum annuum L. plants and takes on a pivotal role in their characteristic spiciness. Previous studies have delved into the potential analgesic effect of capsaicin in various oral conditions, such as oral neuropathic pain, trigeminal neuralgia, oral mucositis, temporomandibular joint disorders and burning mouth syndrome. Capsaicin has also demonstrated promise in inhibiting the proliferation of different oral cancer cell lines. Its antimicrobial properties have also been shown to inhibit the growth of oral pathogens associated with dental caries, periodontitis and oral candidiasis. However, to harness its benefits effectively, more studies are required to establish optimal dosages for pain relief while minimizing adverse effects. In addition, investigation of the effect of capsaicin on nonpathogenic oral bacteria and viruses is warranted. Human-based research is crucial for elucidating the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the properties of capsaicin, potentially leading to the development of more effective interventions for oral health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winny Yohana
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Anggun Rafisa
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia
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2
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Bodur SE, Bodur S, Ayyıldız MF, Günkara ÖT, Dikmen Y, Doru ES, Bakırdere S. Determination of capsaicin at trace levels in different food, biological and environmental samples by quadruple isotope dilution-gas chromatography mass spectrometry after its preconcentration. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1731:465147. [PMID: 39038417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite the therapeutic properties of capsaicin for some diseases, it shows some side effects for human health. The goal of this study was to develop a precise and accurate analytical strategy for the trace determination of capsaicin in different food, biological and environmental samples including pepper, saliva and wastewater by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after spraying-based fine droplet formation-liquid phase microextraction (SFDF-LPME) and quadruple isotope dilution (ID4) method. Acetic anhydride was used as derivatizing agent, and the extraction method was used to enrich the analyte derivative to reach low detection limits. Under the optimum conditions, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were determined to be 0.33 and 1.10 µg/kg, respectively. Percent recoveries calculated for SFDF-LPME-GC-MS method ranged between 84.1 and 131.7 %. After the application of ID4-SFDF-LPME-GC-MS method, percent recoveries were obtained in the range of 94.9 and 104.0 % (%RSD ≤ 2.8) for the selected samples. It is obvious that the isotope dilution-based method provided high accurate and precise results due to the elimination of errors during the derivatization, extraction and measurement steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Erarpat Bodur
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; İstinye University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 34010 İstanbul, Türkiye; İstinye University, Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, 34010 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Merve Fırat Ayyıldız
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; Neutec Pharmaceutical, Yıldız Technical University Teknopark, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ömer Tahir Günkara
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yaren Dikmen
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Esra Sultan Doru
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; Neutec Pharmaceutical, Yıldız Technical University Teknopark, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112, 06670, Çankaya, 06670, Ankara, Türkiye.
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3
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Yang Y, Du Y, Cui B. Polyphenols targeting multiple molecular targets and pathways for the treatment of vitiligo. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1387329. [PMID: 39119340 PMCID: PMC11306171 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1387329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo, a pigmentary autoimmune disorder, is marked by the selective loss of melanocytes in the skin, leading to the appearance of depigmented patches. The principal pathological mechanism is the melanocyte destruction mediated by CD8+ T cells, modulated by oxidative stress and immune dysregulation. Vitiligo affects both physical health and psychological well-being, diminishing the quality of life. Polyphenols, naturally occurring compounds with diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, have demonstrated efficacy in managing various dermatological conditions through multiple pathways. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of vitiligo and the therapeutic potential of natural polyphenolic compounds. We examine the roles of various polyphenols in vitiligo management through antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, melanogenesis promotion, and apoptosis reduction. The review underscores the need for further investigation into the precise molecular mechanisms of these compounds in vitiligo treatment and the exploration of their combination with current therapies to augment therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bingnan Cui
- Department of Dermatology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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4
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Petran EM, Periferakis A, Troumpata L, Periferakis AT, Scheau AE, Badarau IA, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Sima RM, Calina D, Constantin C, Neagu M, Caruntu C, Scheau C. Capsaicin: Emerging Pharmacological and Therapeutic Insights. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7895-7943. [PMID: 39194685 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin, the most prominent pungent compound of chilli peppers, has been used in traditional medicine systems for centuries; it already has a number of established clinical and industrial applications. Capsaicin is known to act through the TRPV1 receptor, which exists in various tissues; capsaicin is hepatically metabolised, having a half-life correlated with the method of application. Research on various applications of capsaicin in different formulations is still ongoing. Thus, local capsaicin applications have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, while systemic applications have a multitude of different effects because their increased lipophilic character ensures their augmented bioavailability. Furthermore, various teams have documented capsaicin's anti-cancer effects, proven both in vivo and in vitro designs. A notable constraint in the therapeutic effects of capsaicin is its increased toxicity, especially in sensitive tissues. Regarding the traditional applications of capsaicin, apart from all the effects recorded as medicinal effects, the application of capsaicin in acupuncture points has been demonstrated to be effective and the combination of acupuncture and capsaicin warrants further research. Finally, capsaicin has demonstrated antimicrobial effects, which can supplement its anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Madalina Petran
- Department of Biochemistry, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Children's Hospital, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Lamprini Troumpata
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The "Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Titu Maiorescu" University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Romina-Marina Sima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- The "Bucur" Maternity, "Saint John" Hospital, 040294 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 76201 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, "Prof. N.C. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, "Foisor" Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
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5
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Zhou XY, Zhao QW, Li Z, Liu XY, Wang Y, Wu FH, Zhao M, Zhang YM, Zhao G, Yang GH, Guo XH. Capsaicin exerts synergistic pro-apoptotic effects with cisplatin in TSCC through the calpain pathway via TRPV1. J Cancer 2024; 15:4801-4817. [PMID: 39132151 PMCID: PMC11310884 DOI: 10.7150/jca.98075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP) exerts significant anti-tumor effects on a variety of tumors, with low intrinsic toxicity. Cisplatin (DDP) is currently the first-line drug for the treatment of oral cancer; however, its clinical efficacy is impeded by chemoresistance and negligible side effects. Whether the combined use of CAP and DDP has a synergistic antitumor effect on tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells and its underlying mechanisms remains unclear. The present study revealed that CAP reduced the activity of TSCC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We also observed changes in the mitochondrial functional structure of TSCC cells, along with the induction of mitochondrial apoptosis. Moreover, when CAP was combined with DDP, a synergistic cytotoxic effect on TSCC cells was observed, which had a significant impact on inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation, and disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential in TSCC cells compared to the single-drug treatment and control groups. These effects are associated with TRPV1, a high-affinity CAP receptor. The combined use of CAP and DDP can activate the TRPV1 receptor, resulting in intracellular Ca2+ overload and activation of the calpain pathway, ultimately leading to mitochondrial apoptosis. This potential mechanism was validated in TSCC xenograft models. In conclusion, our findings clearly demonstrate that CAP exerts synergistic pro-apoptotic effects with DDP in TSCC through the calpain pathway mediated by TRPV1. Thus, CAP can be considered an effective adjuvant drug for DDP in the treatment of TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qi-Wei Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xia-Yang Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Feng-Hua Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Guo-Hua Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medicine Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Guo
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
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Alkanad M, Hani U, V AH, Ghazwani M, Haider N, Osmani RAM, M D P, Hamsalakshmi, Bhat R. Bitter yet beneficial: The dual role of dietary alkaloids in managing diabetes and enhancing cognitive function. Biofactors 2024; 50:634-673. [PMID: 38169069 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the rising prevalence of diabetes and its association with cognitive impairment, interest in the use of dietary alkaloids and other natural products has grown significantly. Understanding how these compounds manage diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is crucial. This comprehensive review explores the etiology of DCD and the effects of alkaloids in foods and dietary supplements that have been investigated as DCD therapies. Data on how dietary alkaloids like berberine, trigonelline, caffeine, capsaicin, 1-deoxynojirimycin, nuciferine, neferine, aegeline, tetramethylpyrazine, piperine, and others regulate cognition in diabetic disorders were collected from PubMed, Research Gate, Web of Science, Science Direct, and other relevant databases. Dietary alkaloids could improve memory in behavioral models and modulate the mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of these compounds, including their effects on glucose metabolism, gut microbiota, vasculopathy, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that dietary alkaloids hold promise for improving cognition in diabetic patients and could open exciting avenues for future research in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Alkanad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Annegowda H V
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, India
| | - Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazima Haider
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Pandareesh M D
- Center for Research and Innovations, Adichunchanagiri University, BGSIT, Mandya, India
| | - Hamsalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Cauvery College of Pharmacy, Cauvery Group of Institutions, Mysuru, India
| | - Rajeev Bhat
- ERA-Chair in Food By-Products Valorisation Technologies (VALORTECH), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
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7
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Jamtsho T, Loukas A, Wangchuk P. Pharmaceutical Potential of Remedial Plants and Helminths for Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:819. [PMID: 39065669 PMCID: PMC11279646 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Research is increasingly revealing that inflammation significantly contributes to various diseases, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a major medical challenge due to its chronic nature, affecting at least one in a thousand individuals in many Western countries, with rising incidence in developing nations. Historically, indigenous people have used natural products to treat ailments, including IBD. Ethnobotanically guided studies have shown that plant-derived extracts and compounds effectively modulate immune responses and reduce inflammation. Similarly, helminths and their products offer unique mechanisms to modulate host immunity and alleviate inflammatory responses. This review explored the pharmaceutical potential of Aboriginal remedial plants and helminths for treating IBD, emphasizing recent advances in discovering anti-inflammatory small-molecule drug leads. The literature from Scopus, MEDLINE Ovid, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science was retrieved using keywords such as natural product, small molecule, cytokines, remedial plants, and helminths. This review identified 55 important Aboriginal medicinal plants and 9 helminth species that have been studied for their anti-inflammatory properties using animal models and in vitro cell assays. For example, curcumin, berberine, and triptolide, which have been isolated from plants; and the excretory-secretory products and their protein, which have been collected from helminths, have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity with lower toxicity and fewer side effects. High-throughput screening, molecular docking, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have been engaged in compound identification, while clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) gene editing and RNA sequencing have been employed to understand molecular interactions and regulations. While there is potential for pharmaceutical application of Aboriginal medicinal plants and gastrointestinal parasites in treating IBD, there is an urgent need to qualify these plant and helminth therapies through reproducible clinical and mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenzin Jamtsho
- College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences (CPHMVS), Cairns Campus, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), Cairns Campus, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia;
| | - Alex Loukas
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), Cairns Campus, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia;
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences (CPHMVS), Cairns Campus, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), Cairns Campus, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia;
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8
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Li J, Xie C, Lan J, Tan J, Tan X, Chen N, Wei L, Liang J, Pan R, Zhu T, Pei P, Sun D, Su L, Zhou L. Spicy food consumption reduces the risk of ischaemic stroke: a prospective study. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1777-1785. [PMID: 38287709 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies revealed that consuming spicy food reduced mortality from CVD and lowered stroke risk. However, no studies reported the relationship between spicy food consumption, stroke types and dose–response. This study aimed to further explore the association between the frequency of spicy food intake and the risk of stroke in a large prospective cohort study. In this study, 50 174 participants aged 30–79 years were recruited. Spicy food consumption data were collected via a baseline survey questionnaire. Outcomes were incidence of any stroke, ischaemic stroke (IS) and haemorrhagic stroke (HS). Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models estimated the association between the consumption of spicy food and incident stroke. Restricted cubic spline analysis was used to examine the dose–response relationship. During the median 10·7-year follow-up, 3967 strokes were recorded, including 3494 IS and 516 HS. Compared with those who never/rarely consumed spicy food, those who consumed spicy food monthly, 1–2 d/week and 3–5 d/week had hazard ratio (HR) of 0·914 (95 % CI 0·841, 0·995), 0·869 (95 % CI 0·758, 0·995) and 0·826 (95 % CI 0·714, 0·956) for overall stroke, respectively. For IS, the corresponding HR) were 0·909 (95 % CI 0·832, 0·994), 0·831 (95 % CI 0·718, 0·962) and 0·813 (95 % CI 0·696, 0·951), respectively. This protective effect showed a U-shaped dose–response relationship. For obese participants, consuming spicy food ≥ 3 d/week was negatively associated with the risk of IS. We found the consumption of spicy food was negatively associated with the risk of IS and had a U-shaped dose–response relationship with risk of IS. Individuals who consumed spicy food 3–5 d/week had a significantly lowest risk of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Li
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Changping Xie
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxue Tan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Tan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningyu Chen
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuping Wei
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Liang
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Pan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingping Zhu
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing100191, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Su
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zhou
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
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9
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Liu W, Deng W, Hu L, Zou H. Advances in TRPV6 inhibitors for tumors by targeted therapies: Macromolecular proteins, synthetic small molecule compounds, and natural compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116379. [PMID: 38588625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
TRPV6, a Ca2+-selective member of the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) family, plays a key role in extracellular calcium transport, calcium ion reuptake, and maintenance of a local low calcium environment. An increasing number of studies have shown that TRPV6 is involved in the regulation of various diseases. Notably, overexpression of TRPV6 is closely related to the occurrence of various cancers. Research confirmed that knocking down TRPV6 could effectively reduce the proliferation and invasiveness of tumors by mainly mediating the calcium signaling pathway. Hence, TRPV6 has become a promising new drug target for numerous tumor treatments. However, the development of TRPV6 inhibitors is still in the early stage, and the existing TRPV6 inhibitors have poor selectivity and off-target effects. In this review, we focus on summarizing and describing the structure characters, and mechanisms of existing TRPV6 inhibitors to provide new ideas and directions for the development of novel TRPV6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Liqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Hui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
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10
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Orzuna-Orzuna JF, Godina-Rodríguez JE, Garay-Martínez JR, Lara-Bueno A. Capsaicin as a Dietary Additive for Dairy Cows: A Meta-Analysis on Performance, Milk Composition, Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Serum Metabolites. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1075. [PMID: 38612314 PMCID: PMC11010920 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with capsaicin (CAP) on productive performance, milk composition, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and serum metabolites of dairy cows using a meta-analytical approach. The database included 13 studies, from which the response variables of interest were obtained. Data were analyzed using a random effects model, and results were expressed as weighted mean differences between treatments supplemented with and without CAP. Dietary supplementation with CAP increased (p < 0.05) dry matter intake, milk yield, feed efficiency, milk fat yield, and milk fat content. However, CAP supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) milk protein and lactose yield, milk urea nitrogen, or milk somatic cell count. Greater (p < 0.05) apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein was observed in response to the dietary inclusion of CAP. Likewise, supplementation with CAP increased (p < 0.05) the rumen concentration of total volatile fatty acids. In contrast, CAP supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) ruminal pH or the ruminal concentration of ammonia nitrogen, acetate, propionate, and butyrate. In blood serum, CAP supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the glucose concentration and decreased (p < 0.05) the concentration of non-esterified fatty acids. However, CAP supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) the serum concentration of urea and beta-hydroxybutyrate. In conclusion, capsaicin can be used as a dietary additive to improve the productive performance, milk composition, and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows and, at the same time, improve the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids and serum levels of glucose and non-esterified fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Eduardo Godina-Rodríguez
- Campo Experimental Uruapan, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Av. Latinoamérica 1001, Uruapan C.P. 60150, Michoacán, Mexico;
| | - Jonathan Raúl Garay-Martínez
- Campo Experimental Las Huastecas, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Altamira C.P. 89610, Tamaulipas, Mexico;
| | - Alejandro Lara-Bueno
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo C.P. 56230, Mexico;
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11
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Greaves LM, Zaleski KS, Matias AA, Gyampo AO, Giuriato G, Lynch M, Lora B, Tomasi T, Basso E, Finegan E, Schickler J, Venturelli M, DeBlauw JA, Shostak E, Blum OE, Ives SJ. Limb, sex, but not acute dietary capsaicin, modulate the near-infrared spectroscopy-vascular occlusion test estimate of muscle metabolism. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15988. [PMID: 38537943 PMCID: PMC10972678 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The downward slope during the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-vascular occlusion test (NIRS-VOT) is purported as a simplified estimate of metabolism. Whether or not the NIRS-VOT exhibits sex- or limb-specificity or may be acutely altered remains to be elucidated. Thus, we investigated if there is limb- or sex specificity in tissue desaturation rates (DeO2) during a NIRS-VOT, and if acute dietary capsaicin may alter this estimate of muscle metabolism. Young healthy men (n = 25, 21 ± 4 years) and women (n = 20, 20 ± 1 years) ingested either placebo or capsaicin, in a counterbalanced, single-blind, crossover design after which a simplified NIRS-VOT was conducted to determine the DeO2 (%/s), as an estimate of oxidative muscle metabolism, in both the forearm (flexors) and thigh (vastus lateralis). There was a significant limb effect with the quadriceps having a greater DeO2 than the forearm (-2.31 ± 1.34 vs. -1.78 ± 1.22%/s, p = 0.007, ηp 2 = 0.19). There was a significant effect of sex on DeO2 (p = 0.005, ηp 2 = 0.203) with men exhibiting a lesser DeO2 than women (-1.73 ± 1.03 vs. -2.36 ± 1.32%/s, respectively). This manifested in significant interactions of limb*capsaicin (p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.26) as well as limb*capsaicin*sex on DeO2 (p = 0.013, ηp 2 = 0.16) being observed. Capsaicin does not clearly alter O2-dependent muscle metabolism, but there was apparent limb and sex specificity, interacting with capsaicin in this NIRS-derived assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Greaves
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Kendall S. Zaleski
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Alexs A. Matias
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Abena O. Gyampo
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Gaia Giuriato
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement SciencesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Meaghan Lynch
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Brian Lora
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Tawn Tomasi
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Emma Basso
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Emma Finegan
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Jack Schickler
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement SciencesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Justin A. DeBlauw
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Elena Shostak
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Oliver E. Blum
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Stephen J. Ives
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
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12
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Alrouji M, Alhumaydhi FA, Venkatesan K, Sharaf SE, Shahwan M, Shamsi A. Evaluation of binding mechanism of dietary phytochemical, capsaicin, with human transferrin: targeting neurodegenerative diseases therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1348128. [PMID: 38495092 PMCID: PMC10943693 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Human transferrin (htf) plays a crucial role in regulating the balance of iron within brain cells; any disruption directly contributes to the development of Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDs) and other related pathologies, especially Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In recent times, a transition towards natural compounds is evident to treat diseases and this shift is mainly attributed to their broad therapeutic potential along with minimal side effects. Capsaicin, a natural compound abundantly found in red and chili peppers, possess neuroprotective potential. The current work targets to decipher the interaction mechanism of capsaicin with htf using experimental and computational approaches. Molecular docking analysis revealed that capsaicin occupies the iron binding pocket of htf, with good binding affinity. Further, the binding mechanism was investigated atomistically using Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation approach. The results revealed no significant alterations in the structure of htf implying the stability of the complex. In silico observations were validated by fluorescence binding assay. Capsaicin binds to htf with a binding constant (K) of 3.99 × 106 M-1, implying the stability of the htf-capsaicin complex. This study lays a platform for potential applications of capsaicin in treatment of NDs in terms of iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alrouji
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumar Venkatesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharaf E. Sharaf
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Mondal A, Banerjee S, Terang W, Bishayee A, Zhang J, Ren L, da Silva MN, Bishayee A. Capsaicin: A chili pepper bioactive phytocompound with a potential role in suppressing cancer development and progression. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1191-1223. [PMID: 38176910 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Cancer profoundly influences morbidity and fatality rates worldwide. Patients often have dismal prognoses despite recent improvements in cancer therapy regimens. However, potent biomolecules derived from natural sources, including medicinal and dietary plants, contain biological and pharmacological properties to prevent and treat various human malignancies. Capsaicin is a bioactive phytocompound present in red hot chili peppers. Capsaicin has demonstrated many biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic capabilities. This review highlights the cellular and molecular pathways through which capsaicin exhibits antineoplastic activities. Our work also depicts the synergistic anticancer properties of capsaicin in conjunction with other natural bioactive components and approved anticancer drugs. Capsaicin inhibits proliferation in various cancerous cells, and its antineoplastic actions in numerous in vitro and in vivo carcinoma models impact oncogenesis, tumor-promoting and suppressor genes, and associated signaling pathways. Capsaicin alone or combined with other phytocompounds or approved antineoplastic drugs triggers cell cycle progression arrest, generating reactive oxygen species and disrupting mitochondrial membrane integrity, ultimately stimulating caspases and promoting death. Furthermore, capsaicin alone or in combination can promote apoptosis in carcinoma cells by enhancing the p53 and c-Myc gene expressions. In conclusion, capsaicin alone or in combination can have enormous potential for cancer prevention and intervention, but further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of this phytocompound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol, India
| | - Wearank Terang
- Department of Pharmacology, Rahman Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kamrup, India
| | - Anusha Bishayee
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Chemistry Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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14
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Luikham S, Bhattacharyya J. On the traditional medicinal plants and plant-derived natural drugs used by indigenous people of Nagaland, India. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38372281 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2315594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
An ethnobotanical documentation on the medicinal plants used by local people of Nagaland (North-east India) has been presented here. The study explored 33 plant species (with their local names, indigenous applications, sources/origins, parts of plants used, bioactive compounds present, process of preparing medicines from the plants) belonging to 28 families have been reviewed thoroughly. Some examples are, Catharanthus roseus (Tsuinrinaro, Periwinkle), Acacia pennata (Chakrangaing, Ballikhadira), Adhatoda vasica (Kicharangnaro, Malabar-nut), Ageratum conzyoides (Imchenriza, Billy-goat-weed,/Tropical-white-weed), Alstonia scholaris (Lazarongpang, Blackboard), Rauvolfia serpentina (Per-mozutong, Indian-snakeroot), etc. Plant based drugs are very popular and effective in Nagaland from ancient times but thorough-documentation with scientific-background of effectiveness, active chemical-compounds present, their action-mechanism, etc., are still scanty. Such review can be of useful for pharmacologist, phyto-chemists to a broad group of researchers and may lead to discovery of new sources of novel medicines through traditional therapeutic knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soching Luikham
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Dimapur, India
| | - Jhimli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Dimapur, India
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15
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Bierly SA, Van Syoc EP, Westphalen MF, Miles AM, Gaeta NC, Felix TL, Hristov AN, Ganda EK. Alterations of rumen and fecal microbiome in growing beef and dairy steers fed rumen-protected Capsicum oleoresin. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae014. [PMID: 38227811 PMCID: PMC10873790 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has been linked to animal health and productivity, and thus, modulating animal microbiomes is becoming of increasing interest. Antimicrobial growth promoters (AGP) were once a common technology used to modulate the microbiome, but regulation and consumer pressure have decreased AGP use in food animals. One alternative to antimicrobial growth promoters are phytotherapeutics, compounds derived from plants. Capsaicin is a compound from the Capsicum genus, which includes chili peppers. Capsaicin has antimicrobial properties and could be used to manipulate the gastrointestinal microbiome of cattle. Both the rumen and fecal microbiomes are essential to cattle health and production, and modulation of either microbiome can affect both cattle health and productivity. We hypothesized that the addition of rumen-protected capsaicin to the diet of cattle would alter the composition of the fecal microbiome, but not the rumen microbiome. To determine the impact of rumen-protected capsaicin in cattle, four Holstein and four Angus steers were fed rumen-protected Capsicum oleoresin at 0 (Control), 5, 10, or 15 mg kg-1 diet dry matter. Cattle were fed in treatment groups in a 4 × 4 Latin Square design with a 21-d adaptation phase and a 7-d sample collection phase. Rumen samples were collected on day 22 at 0-, 2-, 6-, 12-, and 18-h post-feeding, and fecal swabs were collected on the last day of sample collection, day 28, within 1 h of feeding. Sequencing data of the 16s rRNA gene was analyzed using the dada2 pipeline and taxa were assigned using the SILVA database. No differences were observed in alpha diversity among fecal or rumen samples for either breed (P > 0.08) and no difference between groups was detected for either breed in rumen samples or for Angus steers in fecal samples (P > 0.42). There was a difference in beta diversity between treatments in fecal samples of Holstein steers (P < 0.01), however, a pairwise comparison of the treatment groups suggests no difference between treatments after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Therefore, we were unable to observe substantial overall variation in the rumen or fecal microbiomes of steers due to increasing concentrations of rumen-protected capsaicin. We do, however, see a trend toward increased concentrations of capsaicin influencing the fecal microbiome structure of Holstein steers despite this lack of significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Bierly
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Emily P Van Syoc
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mariana F Westphalen
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Asha M Miles
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Natalia C Gaeta
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Tara L Felix
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Alexander N Hristov
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Erika K Ganda
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Rajput H, Nangare S, Khan Z, Patil A, Bari S, Patil P. Design of lactoferrin functionalized carboxymethyl dextran coated egg albumin nanoconjugate for targeted delivery of capsaicin: Spectroscopic and cytotoxicity studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128392. [PMID: 38029917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The increased mortality rates associated with colorectal cancer highlight the pressing need for improving treatment approaches. While capsaicin (CAP) has shown promising anticancer activity, its efficacy is hampered due to low solubility, rapid metabolism, suboptimal bioavailability, and a short half-life. Therefore, this study aimed to prepare a lactoferrin-functionalized carboxymethyl dextran-coated egg albumin nanoconjugate (LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs) for the targeted CAP delivery to enhance its potential for colorectal cancer therapy. Briefly, LF-CMD was synthesized through an esterification reaction involving LF as a receptor and CMD as a shell. Concurrently, CAP was incorporated into an EGA carrier using gelation and hydrophobic interactions. The subsequent production of LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs was achieved through the Maillard reaction. Spectral characterizations confirmed the successful synthesis of smooth and spherical-shaped LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs using LF-CMD and EGA-CAP nanoparticles, with high entrapment efficiency and satisfactory drug content. Furthermore, LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs demonstrated a sustained release of CAP (76.52 ± 1.01 % in 24 h, R2 = 0.9966) in pH 5.8 buffer with anomalous transport (n = 0.68) owing to the shell of the CMD and EGA matrix. The nanoconjugate exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity in HCT116 and LoVo cell lines, which is attributed to the overexpression of LF receptors in colorectal HCT116 cells. Additionally, LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, as observed in the FHC-CRL-1831 cell line. In conclusion, LF-CMD@CAP-EGA-NCs can be considered as a promising approach for targeted delivery of CAP and other anticancer agents in colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh Rajput
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India; Department of Quality Assurance, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India
| | - Sopan Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India
| | - Zamir Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India
| | - Ashwini Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India
| | - Sanjaykumar Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India; Department of Quality Assurance, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India
| | - Pravin Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur-425405, Dist: Dhule, MS, India.
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17
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Bhattacharjee B, Chakrovorty A, Biswas M, Samadder A, Nandi S. To Explore the Putative Molecular Targets of Diabetic Nephropathy and their Inhibition Utilizing Potential Phytocompounds. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3752-3790. [PMID: 37211853 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230519112312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review critically addresses the putative molecular targets of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) and screens effective phytocompounds that can be therapeutically beneficial, and highlights their mechanistic modalities of action. INTRODUCTION DN has become one of the most prevalent complications of clinical hyperglycemia, with individual-specific variations in the disease spectrum that leads to fatal consequences. Diverse etiologies involving oxidative and nitrosative stress, activation of polyol pathway, inflammasome formation, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) modifications, fibrosis, and change in dynamics of podocyte functional and mesangial cell proliferation adds up to the clinical complexity of DN. Current synthetic therapeutics lacks target-specific approach, and is associated with the development of inevitable residual toxicity and drug resistance. Phytocompounds provides a vast diversity of novel compounds that can become an alternative therapeutic approach to combat the DN. METHODS Relevant publications were searched and screened from research databases like GOOGLE SCHOLAR, PUBMED and SCISEARCH. Out of 4895 publications, the most relevant publications were selected and included in this article. RESULT This study critically reviews over 60 most promising phytochemical and provides with their molecular targets, that can be of pharmacological significance in context to current treatment and concomitant research in DN. CONCLUSION This review highlights those most promising phytocompounds that have the potential of becoming new safer naturally-sourced therapeutic candidates and demands further attention at clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banani Bhattacharjee
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnob Chakrovorty
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Maharaj Biswas
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Asmita Samadder
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Sisir Nandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University, Kashipur, 244713, India
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Singh S, Shukla A, Sharma S. Overview of Natural Supplements for the Management of Diabetes and Obesity. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e061123223235. [PMID: 37933216 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998262859231020071715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds found in various natural sources, such as fruits, vegetables, and herbs, have been studied for their potential benefits in managing obesity and diabetes. These compounds include polyphenols, flavonoids, other antioxidants, fiber, and certain fatty acids. Studies have found that these compounds may improve insulin sensitivity, regulate blood sugar levels, and promote weight loss. However, the effects of these compounds can vary depending on the type and amount consumed, as well as individual factors, such as genetics and lifestyle. Nutraceutical substances have multifaceted therapeutic advantages, and they have been reported to have disease-prevention and health-promoting properties. Several clinically used nutraceuticals have been shown to target the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome and their complications and modulate various clinical outcomes favorably. This review aims to highlight and comment on some of the most prominent natural components used as antidiabetics and in managing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Arpit Shukla
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Shiwangi Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
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Kanprakobkit W, Wichai U, Bunyapraphatsara N, Kielar F. Isolation of Fatty Acids from the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Capsaicinoids and Their Use in Enzymatic Acidolysis of Coconut Oil. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:1097-1111. [PMID: 37989304 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of a mixture of capsaicinoids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin obtained from chili peppers, and the utilization of the isolated fatty acids for the modification of coconut oil using enzyme catalyzed acidolysis. This work was carried out as the fatty acids that can be isolated from capsaicinoid hydrolysis have been shown to possess interesting biological properties. These biological properties could be better exploited by incorporating the fatty acids into a suitable delivery vehicle. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the mixture of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin was carried out using Novozym® 435 in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at 50℃. The enzyme catalyst could be reused in multiple cycles of the hydrolysis reaction. The desired 8-methyl-6-trans-nonenoic acid and 8-methylnonanoic acid were isolated from the hydrolysis reaction mixture using a simple extraction procedure with a 47.8% yield. This was carried out by first extracting the reaction mixture at pH 10 with ethyl acetate to remove any dissolved capsaicinoids and vanillyl amine side product. The fatty acids were isolated after adjustment of the pH of the reaction mixture to 5 and second extraction with ethyl acetate. The acidolysis of coconut oil with the obtained fatty acids was performed using Lipozyme® TL IM. The performance of the acidolysis reaction was evaluated using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and verified in selected cases using gas chromatography. The best performing conditions involved carrying out the acidolysis reaction at 60℃ with a 1.2 w/w ratio of the fatty acids to coconut oil and 10% enzyme loading for 72 h. This resulted in the incorporation of 26.61% and 9.86% of 8-methyl-6-trans-nonenoic acid and 8-methylnonanoic acid, respectively, into the modified coconut oil product. This product can act as a potential delivery vehicle for these interesting compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winranath Kanprakobkit
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| | - Uthai Wichai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| | | | - Filip Kielar
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
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20
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Siswina T, Rustama MM, Sumiarsa D, Apriyanti E, Dohi H, Kurnia D. Antifungal Constituents of Piper crocatum and Their Activities as Ergosterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors Discovered via In Silico Study Using ADMET and Drug-Likeness Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:7705. [PMID: 38067436 PMCID: PMC10708292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with the increasing resistance of Candida spp. to some antibiotics, it is necessary to find new antifungal drugs, one of which is from the medicinal plant Red Betel (Piper crocatum). The purpose of this research is to isolate antifungal constituents from P. crocatum and evaluate their activities as ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors via an in silico study of ADMET and drug-likeness analysis. Two new active compounds 1 and 2 and a known compound 3 were isolated, and their structures were determined using spectroscopic methods, while their bioactivities were evaluated via in vitro and in silico studies, respectively. Antifungal compound 3 was the most active compared to 1 and 2 with zone inhibition values of 14.5, 11.9, and 13.0 mm, respectively, at a concentration of 10% w/v, together with MIC/MFC at 0.31/1.2% w/v. Further in silico study demonstrated that compound 3 had a stronger ΔG than the positive control and compounds 1 and 2 with -11.14, -12.78, -12.00, and -6.89 Kcal/mol against ERG1, ERG2, ERG11, and ERG24, respectively, and also that 3 had the best Ki with 6.8 × 10-3, 4 × 10-4, 1.6 × 10-3, and 8.88 μM. On the other hand, an ADMET analysis of 1-3 met five parameters, while 1 had one violation of Ro5. Based on the research data, the promising antifungal constituents of P. crocatum allow P. crocatum to be proposed as a new antifungal candidate to treat and cure infections due to C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Siswina
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (T.S.); (D.S.); (E.A.)
- Department of Midwifery, Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
| | - Mia Miranti Rustama
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Dadan Sumiarsa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (T.S.); (D.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Eti Apriyanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (T.S.); (D.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Hirofumi Dohi
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan;
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (T.S.); (D.S.); (E.A.)
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Periferakis AT, Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Badarau IA, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Scheau C, Caruntu C. Antimicrobial Properties of Capsaicin: Available Data and Future Research Perspectives. Nutrients 2023; 15:4097. [PMID: 37836381 PMCID: PMC10574431 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is a phytochemical derived from plants of the genus Capsicum and subject of intensive phytochemical research due to its numerous physiological and therapeutical effects, including its important antimicrobial properties. Depending on the concentration and the strain of the bacterium, capsaicin can exert either bacteriostatic or even bactericidal effects against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, while in certain cases it can reduce their pathogenicity by a variety of mechanisms such as mitigating the release of toxins or inhibiting biofilm formation. Likewise, capsaicin has been shown to be effective against fungal pathogens, particularly Candida spp., where it once again interferes with biofilm formation. The parasites Toxoplasma gondi and Trypanosoma cruzi have been found to be susceptible to the action of this compound too while there are also viruses whose invasiveness is significantly dampened by it. Among the most encouraging findings are the prospects for future development, especially using new formulations and drug delivery mechanisms. Finally, the influence of capsaicin in somatostatin and substance P secretion and action, offers an interesting array of possibilities given that these physiologically secreted compounds modulate inflammation and immune response to a significant extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Mishra G, Singh P, Pottoo FH, Javed MN, Zeleke MM, Yimer YS. Nutraceuticals for Fibromyalgia and Neuropathic Pain. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND CARE 2023:133-191. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4120-3.ch007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Both neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia are horrific painful conditions arising due to impairment in the somatosensory nervous system and the musculoskeletal system, respectively. They share some common symptoms like hyperalgesia, allodynia, insomnia, cognitive deficits, and mood disturbances. It is believed that fibromyalgia is the consequence of dysfunction of the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, imbalance in neurotransmitters, and psychological and emotional stress. Henceforth, these pain syndromes have become a major challenge for healthcare professionals due to their complex etiology and poor availability and effectiveness of the drugs. Notably, the available synthetic drugs possess serious side effects including physical dependence and tolerance. Therefore, researchers are now seeking natural-based therapy for modulating chronic pain conditions. This chapter has been written with the intention of exploring the beneficial effects of various nutraceuticals including herbal dietary supplements in neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Mishra
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia
| | - Pradeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Noushad Javed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, India
| | - Mulugeta Molla Zeleke
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia
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23
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Baloghová J, Michalková R, Baranová Z, Mojžišová G, Fedáková Z, Mojžiš J. Spice-Derived Phenolic Compounds: Potential for Skin Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:6251. [PMID: 37687080 PMCID: PMC10489044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of skin cells, primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Different types of skin cancer include melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Despite the advancements in targeted therapies, there is still a need for a safer, highly efficient approach to preventing and treating cutaneous malignancies. Spices have a rich history dating back thousands of years and are renowned for their ability to enhance the flavor, taste, and color of food. Derived from various plant parts like seeds, fruits, bark, roots, or flowers, spices are important culinary ingredients. However, their value extends beyond the culinary realm. Some spices contain bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds, which are known for their significant biological effects. These compounds have attracted attention in scientific research due to their potential health benefits, including their possible role in disease prevention and treatment, such as cancer. This review focuses on examining the potential of spice-derived phenolic compounds as preventive or therapeutic agents for managing skin cancers. By compiling and analyzing the available knowledge, this review aims to provide insights that can guide future research in identifying new anticancer phytochemicals and uncovering additional mechanisms for combating skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette Baloghová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Baranová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Fedáková
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
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24
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Nelson VK, Nuli MV, Mastanaiah J, Saleem T. S. M, Birudala G, Jamous YF, Alshargi O, Kotha KK, Sudhan HH, Mani RR, Muthumanickam A, Niranjan D, Jain NK, Agrawal A, Jadon AS, Mayasa V, Jha NK, Kolesarova A, Slama P, Roychoudhury S. Reactive oxygen species mediated apoptotic death of colon cancer cells: therapeutic potential of plant derived alkaloids. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1201198. [PMID: 37560308 PMCID: PMC10408138 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1201198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most deaths causing diseases worldwide. Several risk factors including hormones like insulin and insulin like growth factors (e.g., IGF-1) have been considered responsible for growth and progression of colon cancer. Though there is a huge advancement in the available screening as well as treatment techniques for CRC. There is no significant decrease in the mortality of cancer patients. Moreover, the current treatment approaches for CRC are associated with serious challenges like drug resistance and cancer re-growth. Given the severity of the disease, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents with ideal characteristics. Several pieces of evidence suggested that natural products, specifically medicinal plants, and derived phytochemicals may serve as potential sources for novel drug discovery for various diseases including cancer. On the other hand, cancer cells like colon cancer require a high basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to maintain its own cellular functions. However, excess production of intracellular ROS leads to cancer cell death via disturbing cellular redox homeostasis. Therefore, medicinal plants and derived phytocompounds that can enhance the intracellular ROS and induce apoptotic cell death in cancer cells via modulating various molecular targets including IGF-1 could be potential therapeutic agents. Alkaloids form a major class of such phytoconstituents that can play a key role in cancer prevention. Moreover, several preclinical and clinical studies have also evidenced that these compounds show potent anti-colon cancer effects and exhibit negligible toxicity towards the normal cells. Hence, the present evidence-based study aimed to provide an update on various alkaloids that have been reported to induce ROS-mediated apoptosis in colon cancer cells via targeting various cellular components including hormones and growth factors, which play a role in metastasis, angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasion. This study also provides an individual account on each such alkaloid that underwent clinical trials either alone or in combination with other clinical drugs. In addition, various classes of phytochemicals that induce ROS-mediated cell death in different kinds of cancers including colon cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod K. Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Juturu Mastanaiah
- Department of Pharmacology, Balaji College of Pharmacy, Anantapur, India
| | | | - Geetha Birudala
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Yahya F. Jamous
- Vaccines and Bioprocessing Centre, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alshargi
- College of Pharmacy, Riyadh ELM University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kranthi Kumar Kotha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Hari Hara Sudhan
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vinyas Mayasa
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM University Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Adriana Kolesarova
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
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Schlemper V, Dal Molin CB, Frankenberger L, Biavatti MW, de Mello Schlemper SR. Inhibitory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cunila spicata Benth. on phlogistic agents-induced cellular migration in the airways of mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116477. [PMID: 37031822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cunila spicata Benth. Is a creeping and aromatic plant that has an ethnopharmacological indication in the southern region of Brazil, in the Araucaria Forest biome. It's used as an alternative therapy for respiratory diseases for men and animals since the "tropeirista" movement in colonial Brazil. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigate the influence of oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract of C. spicata (HECS) on cellular inflammatory processes in the airways of mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS The HECS was obtained by the ultrasound-assisted technique. Phytochemical analysis of the volatile compounds was performed using gas-chromatography with mass spectrometry. To investigate the biological activity of HECS, the animals were pre-treated with HECS orally 1 h before and the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) model was used, in which the animals were subjected to inhalation of different pro-inflammatory agents such as carrageenan (CAR), histamine (HIST), capsaicin (CAP), bradykinin (BK), and 48/80 compound (C48/80). After sacrifice, BAL sample was collected from the bronchi and was analyzed for total and differential white blood cell counts, compared with control groups. RESULTS Fourteen volatile phytocompounds were identified in the HECS, the main ones being 2-bornanone, menthofuran and camphene. Among the HECS treated animals, all showed significant maximal inhibition (MI) when challenged with pro-inflammatory agents by nebulization. In the group of animals that received CAR, the MI was 72.77 ± 3.88%, compared to the negative control (NC). There was a predominance of lymphocytes (59.18 ± 4.07%). For the HIST group, MI was 64.03 ± 4.33%, in relation to the NC, with predominance in macrophages number (76.53 ± 2.78%). In the CAP group, the MI obtained was 38.90 ± 11.31%, with greater macrophage migration occurring (80.98 ± 3.44%) in the higher dose. For animals subjected to BK inhalation, the MI was 48.63 ± 3.95% with macrophages predominance (64.33 ± 10.04%). In the group that received C48/80 inhalation, the MI was 40.25 ± 5.30% (100 mg kg-1), with higher occurrence of macrophages (72.97 ± 4.23%). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that HECS had a non-specific inhibitory effect on cellular migration induced by different pro-inflammatory agents, reducing inflammation in airways of mice. These effects coincide and support its ethnopharmacological use as an alternative medicine for respiratory diseases in regions where the plant is prevalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valfredo Schlemper
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Campus Realeza, PR, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production in the Southern Border, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Realeza, PR, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Baldessar Dal Molin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Campus Realeza, PR, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production in the Southern Border, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Realeza, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa Frankenberger
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maique Weber Biavatti
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Inyang D, Saumtally T, Nnadi CN, Devi S, So PW. A Systematic Review of the Effects of Capsaicin on Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10176. [PMID: 37373321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by cognitive impairment, and amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles at neuropathology. Capsaicin is a spicy-tasting compound found in chili peppers, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and possible neuroprotective properties. Capsaicin intake has been associated with greater cognitive function in humans, and attenuating aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation in a rat model of AD. This systematic review discusses the potential of capsaicin in improving AD pathology and symptoms. A systematic analysis was conducted on the effect of capsaicin on AD-associated molecular changes, cognitive and behaviour resulting in 11 studies employing rodents and/or cell cultures, which were appraised with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Ten studies showed capsaicin attenuated tau deposition, apoptosis, and synaptic dysfunction; was only weakly effective on oxidative stress; and had conflicting effects on amyloid processing. Eight studies demonstrated improved spatial and working memory, learning, and emotional behaviours in rodents following capsaicin treatment. Overall, capsaicin showed promise in improving AD-associated molecular, cognitive, and behavioural changes in cellular and animal models, and further investigations are recommended to test the readily available bioactive, capsaicin, to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Inyang
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Tasneem Saumtally
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Chinelo Nonyerem Nnadi
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Sharmila Devi
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Po-Wah So
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
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27
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Islam K, Rawoof A, Kumar A, Momo J, Ahmed I, Dubey M, Ramchiary N. Genetic Regulation, Environmental Cues, and Extraction Methods for Higher Yield of Secondary Metabolites in Capsicum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37289974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Capsicum (chili pepper) is a widely popular and highly consumed fruit crop with beneficial secondary metabolites such as capsaicinoids, carotenoids, flavonoids, and polyphenols, among others. Interestingly, the secondary metabolite profile is a dynamic function of biosynthetic enzymes, regulatory transcription factors, developmental stage, abiotic and biotic environment, and extraction methods. We propose active manipulable genetic, environmental, and extraction controls for the modulation of quality and quantity of desired secondary metabolites in Capsicum species. Specific biosynthetic genes such as Pun (AT3) and AMT in the capsaicinoids pathway and PSY, LCY, and CCS in the carotenoid pathway can be genetically engineered for enhanced production of capsaicinoids and carotenoids, respectively. Generally, secondary metabolites increase with the ripening of the fruit; however, transcriptional regulators such as MYB, bHLH, and ERF control the extent of accumulation in specific tissues. The precise tuning of biotic and abiotic factors such as light, temperature, and chemical elicitors can maximize the accumulation and retention of secondary metabolites in pre- and postharvest settings. Finally, optimized extraction methods such as ultrasonication and supercritical fluid method can lead to a higher yield of secondary metabolites. Together, the integrated understanding of the genetic regulation of biosynthesis, elicitation treatments, and optimization of extraction methods can maximize the industrial production of secondary metabolites in Capsicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Islam
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Abdul Rawoof
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, Kerala, India
| | - John Momo
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ilyas Ahmed
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Meenakshi Dubey
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi 110042, India
| | - Nirala Ramchiary
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Adamiak-Giera U, Nowak A, Duchnik W, Ossowicz-Rupniewska P, Czerkawska A, Machoy-Mokrzyńska A, Sulikowski T, Kucharski Ł, Białecka M, Klimowicz A, Białecka M. Evaluation of the in vitro permeation parameters of topical ketoprofen and lidocaine hydrochloride from transdermal Pentravan ® products through human skin. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1157977. [PMID: 37324484 PMCID: PMC10264579 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1157977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the treatment of pain, especially chronic pain, the rule of multimodal therapy applies, based on various painkillers mechanisms of action. The aim of the conducted study was to evaluate the in vitro penetration of ketoprofen (KET) and lidocaine hydrochloride (LH) through the human skin from a vehicle with transdermal properties. The results obtained with the use of the Franz chamber showed statistically significantly higher penetration of KET from the transdermal vehicle as compared to commercial preparations. It was also shown that the addition of LH to the transdermal vehicle did not change the amount of KET permeated. The study also compared the penetration of KET and LH by adding various excipients to the transdermal vehicle. Comparing the cumulative mass of KET that penetrated after the 24-h study, it was observed that the significantly highest permeation was found for the vehicle containing additionally Tinctura capsici, then for that containing camphor and ethanol, and the vehicle containing menthol and ethanol as compared to that containing Pentravan® alone. A similar tendency was observed in the case of LH, where the addition of Tinctura capsici, menthol and camphor led to a statistically significant higher penetration. Adding certain drugs such as KET and LH to Pentravan®, and substances such as menthol, camphor or capsaicin, can be an interesting alternative to administered enteral drugs especially in the group of patients with multiple diseases and polypragmasy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Adamiak-Giera
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Nowak
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Duchnik
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paula Ossowicz-Rupniewska
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Czerkawska
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Sulikowski
- Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kucharski
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Białecka
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Adam Klimowicz
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Białecka
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Jang L, Choi J, Lee S, Lee S. Protective effects of Capsicum fruits and their constituents on damage in TNF-α-stimulated human dermal fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3701-3713. [PMID: 36325913 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of natural products on skin cells have been proved to be effective in improving skin damage. Capsicum species contain capsaicinoids that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and various subspecies are cultivated. In this study, the effects of four Capsicum fruits and major constituents on oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions were measured using human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) to verify their effects on skin damage. RESULTS The inhibitory effects of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) by cucumber hot pepper, red pepper (RDP), Shishito pepper (SSP), and Cheongyang pepper were determined in HDFs. RDP and SSP inhibited the production of NO, ROS, and PGE2 in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-stimulated HDFs. Additionally, SSP seeds restored tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced increase in matrix metalloproteinase-1 and decreased procollagen I α1 (COLIA1). In high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the capsaicinoids capsaicin (CAP) and dihydrocapsaicin (DHC), CAP was detected at a higher level than DHC in the peel and seeds of all four types of Capsicum fruits, and the total amount of capsaicinoids was the highest in SSP. CAP and DHC, which are major constituents of Capsicum fruits, also inhibited NO, ROS, and PGE2 and restored matrix metalloproteinase-1 and procollagen I α1. CONCLUSION RDP and SSP were shown to have a significant protective effect on skin damage, including oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, and reduction of collagens. Capsaicinoids CAP and DHC were proved as active constituents. This research may provide basic data for developing Capsicum fruits as ingredients to improve skin damage, such as inflammation and skin aging. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeseul Jang
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Choi
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sullim Lee
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
- BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Institute of Science and Technology, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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30
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Bustos D, Galarza C, Ordoñez W, Brauchi S, Benso B. Cost-Effective Pipeline for a Rational Design and Selection of Capsaicin Analogues Targeting TRPV1 Channels. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11736-11749. [PMID: 37033853 PMCID: PMC10077575 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels constitute a large group of membrane receptors associated with sensory pathways in vertebrates. One of the most studied is TRPV1, a polymodal receptor tuned for detecting heat and pungent compounds. Specific inhibition of the nociceptive transduction at the peripheral nerve represents a convenient approach to pain relief. While acting as a chemoreceptor, TRPV1 shows high sensitivity and selectivity for capsaicin. In contrast to the drugs available on the market that target the inflammatory system, TRPV1 antagonists act as negative modulators of nociceptive transduction. Therefore, the development of compounds modulating TRPV1 activity has expanded dramatically over time. Experimental data suggest that most agonist and antagonist drugs interact at or near capsaicin's binding site. In particular, the properties of capsaicin's head play an essential role in modulating potency and affinity. Here, we explored a cost-efficient pipeline to predict the effects of introducing chemical modifications into capsaicin's head region. An extensive set of molecules was selected by first considering the geometrical properties of capsaicin's binding site and then molecular docking. Finally, the novel ligands were ranked by combining molecular and pharmacokinetic predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bustos
- Centro
de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría
de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad
Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Laboratorio
de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento
de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Christian Galarza
- Facultad
de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil 090703, Ecuador
| | - Wilson Ordoñez
- Facultad
de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil 090703, Ecuador
| | - Sebastian Brauchi
- Department
of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad
Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Millennium
Nucleus of Ion Channels Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), 8330024, Chile
| | - Bruna Benso
- Millennium
Nucleus of Ion Channels Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), 8330024, Chile
- School of
Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
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Zhao Y, Sun C, Wang S, Zhang M, Li Y, Xue Q, Guo Q, Lai H. Widely targeted metabolomic, transcriptomic, and metagenomic profiling reveal microbe-plant-metabolic reprogramming patterns mediated by Streptomyces pactum Act12 enhance the fruit quality of Capsicum annuum L. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112587. [PMID: 36914318 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, such as Streptomyces pactum Act12, promote crop growth and stress resistance, but their contribution to fruit quality is still poorly understood. Herein we conducted a field experiment to ascertain the effects of S. pactum Act12-mediated metabolic reprogramming and underlying mechanisms in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit based on widely targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling. We additionally performed metagenomic analysis to elucidate the potential relationship between S. pactum Act12-mediated reshaping of rhizosphere microbial communities and pepper fruit quality. Soil inoculation with S. pactum Act12 considerably increased the accumulation of capsaicinoids, carbohydrates, organic acids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and phenolic acids in pepper fruit samples. Consequently, fruit flavor, taste, and color were modified, accompanied by elevated contents of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Increased microbial diversity and recruitment of potentially beneficial taxa were observed in inoculated soil samples, with crosstalk between microbial gene functions and pepper fruit metabolism. The reformed structure and function of rhizosphere microbial communities were closely associated with pepper fruit quality. Our findings indicate that S. pactum Act12-mediated interactions between rhizosphere microbial communities and pepper plants are responsible for intricate fruit metabolic reprogramming patterns, which enhance not only overall fruit quality but also consumer acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisen Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Suzhen Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Meilin Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yulong Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Quanhong Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qiao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hangxian Lai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Oz M, Lorke DE, Howarth FC. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-independent actions of capsaicin on cellular excitability and ion transport. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36916676 DOI: 10.1002/med.21945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin is a naturally occurring alkaloid derived from chili pepper that is responsible for its hot pungent taste. Capsaicin is known to exert multiple pharmacological actions, including analgesia, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, and antioxidant effects. The transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) is the main receptor mediating the majority of the capsaicin effects. However, numerous studies suggest that the TRPV1 receptor is not the only target for capsaicin. An increasing number of studies indicates that capsaicin, at low to mid µM ranges, not only indirectly through TRPV1-mediated Ca2+ increases, but also directly modulates the functions of voltage-gated Na+ , K+ , and Ca2+ channels, as well as ligand-gated ion channels and other ion transporters and enzymes involved in cellular excitability. These TRPV1-independent effects are mediated by alterations of the biophysical properties of the lipid membrane and subsequent modulation of the functional properties of ion channels and by direct binding of capsaicin to the channels. The present study, for the first time, systematically categorizes this diverse range of non-TRPV1 targets and discusses cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating TRPV1-independent effects of capsaicin in excitable, as well as nonexcitable cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Oz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Dietrich E Lorke
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Frank C Howarth
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Yang X, Lang X, Dong W, Yu L, Chen G, Li X. Experimental and theoretical investigations on the inhibition of mild steel corrosion by capsaicin derivatives in hydrochloric acid. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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Yasin M, Li L, Donovan-Mak M, Chen ZH, Panchal SK. Capsicum Waste as a Sustainable Source of Capsaicinoids for Metabolic Diseases. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040907. [PMID: 36832982 PMCID: PMC9956217 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicinoids are pungent alkaloid compounds enriched with antioxidants, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, analgesics, anti-carcinogenic, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. These compounds are primarily synthesised in the placenta of the fruit and then transported to other vegetative parts. Different varieties of capsicum and chillies contain different capsaicinoid concentrations. As capsicums and chillies are grown extensively throughout the world, their agricultural and horticultural production leads to significant amount of waste generation, in the form of fruits and plant biomass. Fruit wastes (placenta, seeds and unused fruits) and plant biowaste (stems and leaves) can serve as sources of capsaicinoids which can provide opportunities to extract these compounds for development of nutraceutical products using conventional or advanced extraction techniques. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin are two most abundantly found pungent compounds. Considering the health benefits of capsaicinoids, these compounds can help in reducing metabolic disease complications. The development of an advanced encapsulation therapy of safe and clinically effective oral capsaicinoid/capsaicin formulation seem to require evaluation of strategies to address challenges related to the dosage, limited half-life and bioavailability, adverse effects and pungency, and the impacts of other ligands antagonising the major capsaicinoid receptor.
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Abulaiti A, Naseer Z, Ahmed Z, Liu W, Pang X, Iqbal MF, Wang S. Dietary Supplementation of Capsaicin Enhances Productive and Reproductive Efficiency of Chinese Crossbred Buffaloes in Low Breeding Season. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:118. [PMID: 36611727 PMCID: PMC9817864 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of dietary capsaicin (CPS) supplementation on milk yield (liters/head) and milk composition (total solids, lactose, albumin, protein, fat, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), somatic cell count (SCC) and somatic cell score (SCS), serum metabolites (lipoprotein esterase (LPL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)), and reproductive physiology (follicular development, estrus response, ovulation and pregnancy) following synchronization during the low breeding season. One hundred (n = 100) crossbred buffaloes were randomly assigned to four dietary groups consisting of CPS supplementation dosages (0, 2, 4 or 6 mg/kg of total mixed ration; TMR) as CPS-0 (n = 26), CPS-2 (n = 22), CPS-4 (n = 25) and CPS-6 (n = 27), respectively, in a 30-day feed trial. The results revealed that the CPS-4 group of buffaloes had a better estrus rate (72%) along with improved (p < 0.05) ovulatory follicle diameter (13.8 mm), ovulation rate (68%) and pregnancy rate (48%) compared to other treatment groups. Milk yield improved (p < 0.05) in CPS-4 supplemented buffaloes after day 20 of the trial, comparatively. There was a significant effect (p < 0.05) of milk sampling day (day 30) on total milk solids, lactose, milk protein and MUN levels, whereas lactose, MUN, SCC and SCS were influenced by supplementation dosage (CPS-4). Glucose levels were affected in buffaloes by sampling time (artificial insemination (AI) and 50-day post-AI) and CPS-dose (CPS-4 and CPS-6), respectively. LPL level changed in CPS-2 and CPS-4 groups at AI time and 50 days after AI. In addition, the AST level was different in CPS-4 at AI time and 50 days after AI. Therefore, our data suggest that a medium dose (~4 mg/kg of TMR) of CPS provided a better response in the form of milk yield, milk composition, serum metabolites and reproductive performance in crossbred buffaloes during the low breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adili Abulaiti
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Zahid Naseer
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenju Liu
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Xunsheng Pang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Muhammad Farooq Iqbal
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Shujuan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China
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Effect of Moisture Content Difference on the Analysis of Quality Attributes of Red Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Powder Using a Hyperspectral System. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244086. [PMID: 36553829 PMCID: PMC9778110 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The variety of characteristics of red pepper makes it difficult to analyze at the production field through hyperspectral imaging. The importance of pretreatment to adjust the moisture content (MC) in the process of predicting the quality attributes of red pepper powder through hyperspectral imaging was investigated. Hyperspectral images of four types of red pepper powder with different pungency levels and MC were acquired in the visible near-infrared (VIS-NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) regions. Principal component analysis revealed that the powders were grouped according to their pungency level, color value, and MC (VIS-NIR, Principal Component 1 = 95%; SWIR, Principal Component 1 = 91%). The loading plot indicated that 580-610, 675-760, 870-975, 1020-1130, and 1430-1520 nm are the key wavelengths affected by the presence of O-H and C-H bonds present in red pigments, capsaicinoids, and water molecules. The R2 of the partial least squares model for predicting capsaicinoid and free sugar in samples with a data MC difference of 0-2% was 0.9 or higher, and a difference of more than 2% in MC had a negative effect on prediction accuracy. The color value prediction accuracy was barely affected by the difference in MC. It was demonstrated that adjusting the MC is essential for capsaicinoid and free sugar analysis of red pepper.
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Costa J, Sepúlveda M, Gallardo V, Cayún Y, Santander C, Ruíz A, Reyes M, Santos C, Cornejo P, Lima N, Santos C. Antifungal Potential of Capsaicinoids and Capsinoids from the Capsicum Genus for the Safeguarding of Agrifood Production: Advantages and Limitations for Environmental Health. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122387. [PMID: 36557640 PMCID: PMC9788535 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Opportunistic pathogenic fungi arise in agricultural crops as well as in surrounding human daily life. The recent increase in antifungal-resistant strains has created the need for new effective antifungals, particularly those based on plant secondary metabolites, such as capsaicinoids and capsinoids produced by Capsicum species. The use of such natural compounds is well-aligned with the One Health approach, which tries to find an equilibrium among people, animals, and the environment. Considering this, the main objective of the present work is to review the antifungal potential of capsaicinoids and capsinoids, and to evaluate the environmental and health impacts of biofungicides based on these compounds. Overall, capsaicinoids and their analogues can be used to control pathogenic fungi growth in plant crops, as eco-friendly alternatives to pest management, and assist in the conservation and long-term storage of agrifood products. Their application in different stages of the agricultural and food production chains improves food safety, nutritional value, and overcomes antimicrobial resistance, with a lower associated risk to humans, animals, and the environment than that of synthetic fungicides and pesticides. Nevertheless, research on the effect of these compounds on bee-like beneficial insects and the development of new preservatives and packaging materials is still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Costa
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-ICB, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 3000, Bloco 01, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcela Sepúlveda
- Department of Chemical Science and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | - Víctor Gallardo
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | - Yasna Cayún
- Department of Chemical Science and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | - Christian Santander
- Department of Chemical Science and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
- Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Environmental Science and EULA-Chile Center, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070-411, Chile
| | - Antonieta Ruíz
- Department of Chemical Science and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | - Marjorie Reyes
- Department of Chemical Science and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | - Carla Santos
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Micoteca da Universidade do Minho (MUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS (Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260-000, Chile
| | - Nelson Lima
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Micoteca da Universidade do Minho (MUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS (Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cledir Santos
- Department of Chemical Science and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-452-596-726
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Paensuwan P, Laorob T, Ngoenkam J, Wichai U, Pongcharoen S. Nitro Dihydrocapsaicin, a Non-Pungent Capsaicin Analogue, Inhibits Cellular Senescence of Lens Epithelial Cells via Upregulation of SIRT1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213960. [PMID: 36430438 PMCID: PMC9695757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cataracts are a common complication that can cause blindness among patients with diabetes mellitus. A novel nitro dihydrocapsaicin (NDHC), a capsaicin analog, was constructed to have a non-pungency effect. The objective of this research was to study the effect of NDHC on human lens epithelial (HLE) cells that lost function from hyperglycemia. HLE cells were pretreated with NDHC before an exposure to high glucose (HG) conditions. The results show that NDHC promoted a deacceleration of cellular senescence in HLE cells. This inhibition of cellular senescence was characterized by a delayed cell growth and lower production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as decreased SA-β-galactosidase activity. Additionally, the expression of Sirt1 protein sharply increased, while the expression of p21 and phospho-p38 proteins decreased. These findings provide evidence that NDHC could exert a pharmacologically protective effect by inhibiting the senescence program of lens cells during diabetic cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pussadee Paensuwan
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (S.P.); Tel.: +66-55-966414 (P.P.); +66-55-965105 (S.P.)
| | - Thanet Laorob
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Ngoenkam
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Uthai Wichai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sutatip Pongcharoen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (S.P.); Tel.: +66-55-966414 (P.P.); +66-55-965105 (S.P.)
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The Vacuum and Light-Avoided Packaging Ameliorate the Decline in Quality of Whole Chili during Storage. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5129220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuum packaging is a superior procedure that could maintain the quality of dried red peppers for a relatively longer period, while the effect of light avoidance was inconsistent. Therefore, this study was to evaluate the effect of vacuum in combination with light avoidance on the storage quality of peppers and to investigate vacuum packaging and vacuum and light-avoided packaging influence the quality characteristics of dried chili peppers during storage. The results indicated that the quality characteristics of peppers gradually deteriorated: redness, extractable color, capsanthin, capsaicinoids, pungency, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity decreased, whereas moisture, water activity, and browning index increased as storage progressed. Vacuum packaging inhibited these changes compared with the control. Vacuum and light-avoided packaging further decelerated the quality loss of dried peppers, with the minimum changes in color, pungency, and antioxidant capacity of dried peppers during storage, and these could be due to lower water activity by light avoidance. Therefore, light avoidance may be necessary to further delay the deterioration of dried peppers under vacuum, and vacuum and light-avoided packaging could better retain the quality of dried chili peppers.
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NAUREEN ZAKIRA, DHULI KRISTJANA, DONATO KEVIN, AQUILANTI BARBARA, VELLUTI VALERIA, MATERA GIUSEPPINA, IACONELLI AMERIGO, BERTELLI MATTEO. Foods of the Mediterranean diet: tomato, olives, chili pepper, wheat flour and wheat germ. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E4-E11. [PMID: 36479499 PMCID: PMC9710402 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean people, which follows a diet rich in minimally-processed plant-based foods, are believed to live longer and healthier lives than many other populations in the Western world. Epidemiological and clinical data suggest that the Mediterranean diet has beneficial effects for several chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, cancer and diabetes. Although the mechanisms of action of the Mediterranean diet are not completely clear, the synergistic effects of a number of its components and their bioactive phytochemicals exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-cancer effects. The Mediterranean diet includes daily consumption of whole cereals, fruit, vegetables and legumes in moderate proportions, weekly consumption of white meat in low to moderate proportions and occasionally sweets and chocolates in small amounts. Since olive oil is the main lipids source, it has special significance for health. Healthy fruit and vegetables, rich in phytochemicals, are a major proportion of this diet and contribute to the overall nutritional value and bioactivity of its components. Here we review the nutritional and health benefits of wheat germ, tomatoes, olives and chili pepper, items at the base of Mediterranean diet food pyramid that provides beneficial molecules, such as polyphenols, vitamins and flavonoids, and exert anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-oxidative actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - KRISTJANA DHULI
- MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Correspondence: Kristjana Dhuli, MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), 38068, Italy. E-mail:
| | | | - BARBARA AQUILANTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - VALERIA VELLUTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPINA MATERA
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - AMERIGO IACONELLI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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Miyata S. Glial functions in the blood-brain communication at the circumventricular organs. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:991779. [PMID: 36278020 PMCID: PMC9583022 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.991779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circumventricular organs (CVOs) are located around the brain ventricles, lack a blood-brain barrier (BBB) and sense blood-derived molecules. This review discusses recent advances in the importance of CVO functions, especially glial cells transferring periphery inflammation signals to the brain. The CVOs show size-limited vascular permeability, allowing the passage of molecules with molecular weight <10,000. This indicates that the lack of an endothelial cell barrier does not mean the free movement of blood-derived molecules into the CVO parenchyma. Astrocytes and tanycytes constitute a dense barrier at the distal CVO subdivision, preventing the free diffusion of blood-derived molecules into neighboring brain regions. Tanycytes in the CVOs mediate communication between cerebrospinal fluid and brain parenchyma via transcytosis. Microglia and macrophages of the CVOs are essential for transmitting peripheral information to other brain regions via toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Inhibition of TLR2 signaling or depletion of microglia and macrophages in the brain eliminates TLR2-dependent inflammatory responses. In contrast to TLR2, astrocytes and tanycytes in the CVOs of the brain are crucial for initiating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses via TLR4. Depletion of microglia and macrophages augments LPS-induced fever and chronic sickness responses. Microglia and macrophages in the CVOs are continuously activated, even under normal physiological conditions, as they exhibit activated morphology and express the M1/M2 marker proteins. Moreover, the microglial proliferation occurs in various regions, such as the hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, and telencephalon, with a marked increase in the CVOs, due to low-dose LPS administration, and after high-dose LPS administration, proliferation is seen in most brain regions, except for the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. A transient increase in the microglial population is beneficial during LPS-induced inflammation for attenuating sickness response. Transient receptor potential receptor vanilloid 1 expressed in astrocytes and tanycytes of the CVOs is responsible for thermoregulation upon exposure to a warm environment less than 37°C. Alternatively, Nax expressed in astrocytes and tanycytes of the CVOs is crucial for maintaining body fluid homeostasis. Thus, recent findings indicate that glial cells in the brain CVOs are essential for initiating neuroinflammatory responses and maintaining body fluid and thermal homeostasis.
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Merritt JC, Richbart SD, Moles EG, Cox AJ, Brown KC, Miles SL, Finch PT, Hess JA, Tirona MT, Valentovic MA, Dasgupta P. Anti-cancer activity of sustained release capsaicin formulations. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108177. [PMID: 35351463 PMCID: PMC9510151 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-noneamide) is a hydrophobic, lipophilic vanilloid phytochemical abundantly found in chili peppers and pepper extracts. Several convergent studies show that capsaicin displays robust cancer activity, suppressing the growth, angiogenesis and metastasis of several human cancers. Despite its potent cancer-suppressing activity, the clinical applications of capsaicin as a viable anti-cancer drug have remained problematic due to its poor bioavailability and aqueous solubility properties. In addition, the administration of capsaicin is associated with adverse side effects like gastrointestinal cramps, stomach pain, nausea and diarrhea and vomiting. All these hurdles may be circumvented by encapsulation of capsaicin in sustained release drug delivery systems. Most of the capsaicin-based the sustained release drugs have been tested for their pain-relieving activity. Only a few of these formulations have been investigated as anti-cancer agents. The present review describes the physicochemical properties, bioavailability, and anti-cancer activity of capsaicin-sustained release agents. The asset of such continuous release capsaicin formulations is that they display better solubility, stability, bioavailability, and growth-suppressive activity than the free drug. The encapsulation of capsaicin in sustained release carriers minimizes the adverse side effects of capsaicin. In summary, these capsaicin-based sustained release drug delivery systems have the potential to function as novel chemotherapies, unique diagnostic imaging probes and innovative chemosensitization agents in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Merritt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Stephen D Richbart
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Emily G Moles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Ashley J Cox
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Sarah L Miles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Paul T Finch
- Department of Oncology, Edwards Cancer Center, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1400 Hal Greer Boulevard, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Joshua A Hess
- Department of Oncology, Edwards Cancer Center, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1400 Hal Greer Boulevard, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Maria T Tirona
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Edwards Cancer Center, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1400 Hal Greer Boulevard, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Monica A Valentovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States.
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Deng Y, Wang Y, Huo X, Deng S, Jin L, Zhang H, Yu Z, Ning J, Ma X, Wang C. Microbial transformation of capsaicin by several human intestinal fungi and their inhibitory effects against lysine-specific demethylase 1. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 202:113365. [PMID: 35940425 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin widely exists in the Capsicum genus (e.g., hot peppers) and is commonly used as a food additive or medicinal material. In this work, microbial transformation of capsaicin was performed based on the three cultivated human intestinal fungi. Fourteen metabolites were obtained, and their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis, including 13 compounds with undescribed structures. Hydroxylation, lactylation, succinylation, citric acylation, and acetylation were observed for these microbial metabolites derived from capsaicin, which indicated diverse catalytic characteristics of human intestinal fungi. In an in vitro bioassay, four metabolites and capsaicin inhibited the activity of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) with a more than 70% inhibitory rate at 10 μM. In particular, 9,5'-dihydroxycapsaicin displayed the strongest inhibitory effect with an IC50 of 1.52 μM. Therefore, capsaicin analogs displayed potential application as LSD1 inhibitors against the invasion and migration of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Sa Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Houli Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenlong Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
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Nutraceuticals: A source of benefaction for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Dludla PV, Nkambule BB, Cirilli I, Marcheggiani F, Mabhida SE, Ziqubu K, Ntamo Y, Jack B, Nyambuya TM, Hanser S, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE. Capsaicin, its clinical significance in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113439. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Tarazi Riess H, Shani Levi C, Lesmes U. Inclusion of phenolic bioactives in high amylose corn starch for gastro-intestinal delivery. Front Nutr 2022; 9:981408. [PMID: 36091235 PMCID: PMC9452773 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.981408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is a staple food component with intricate architectures, some of which can be utilized as polysaccharidic delivery vehicles for bioactive compounds. This work describes the use of high amylose corn starch (HACS) to fabricate V-amylose inclusion complexes entrapping capsaicin or curcumin. In line with past studies, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, static laser scattering and scanning electron microscopy help affirm the formation of V6III-type complexes. Such HACS complexes entrap capsaicin and curcumin in structures with higher levels of crystallinity compared to HACS alone (14.61 ± 0.08%, 14.65 ± 0.08% vs. 10.24 ± 0.24%, respectively), high levels of encapsulation efficiency (88.77 ± 5.7% and 66.3 ± 0.99%, respectively) but without significant differences in colloid sizes between the various inclusion complexes (58.25 ± 1.34 μm or 58.98 ± 2.32 μm, respectively). In turn, in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion of HACS complexes with capsaicin or curcumin revealed both, phenolic bioactives significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the intestinal breakdown of HACS. Interestingly, this attenuated HACS digestibility was accompanied by high gastric retention of the payloads and their sustained release during 2 h of exposure to intestinal conditions. Altogether, this work presents starch-based delivery systems that can entrap phenolic bioactives, release the payload in the intestine and possibly attenuate starch breakdown (because of its increased crystallinity). Thus, this work offers a platform for infusing foods with bioactive phenolics and stall the breakdown of starch.
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The Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2 as a Target for Phytochemicals against Coronavirus. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141862. [PMID: 35890496 PMCID: PMC9319234 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In late December 2019, the first cases of COVID-19 emerged as an outbreak in Wuhan, China that later spread vastly around the world, evolving into a pandemic and one of the worst global health crises in modern history. The causative agent was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although several vaccines were authorized for emergency use, constantly emerging new viral mutants and limited treatment options for COVID-19 drastically highlighted the need for developing an efficient treatment for this disease. One of the most important viral components to target for this purpose is the main protease of the coronavirus (Mpro). This enzyme is an excellent target for a potential drug, as it is essential for viral replication and has no closely related homologues in humans, making its inhibitors unlikely to be toxic. Our review describes a variety of approaches that could be applied in search of potential inhibitors among plant-derived compounds, including virtual in silico screening (a data-driven approach), which could be structure-based or fragment-guided, the classical approach of high-throughput screening, and antiviral activity cell-based assays. We will focus on several classes of compounds reported to be potential inhibitors of Mpro, including phenols and polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids.
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Adetunji TL, Olawale F, Olisah C, Adetunji AE, Aremu AO. Capsaicin: A Two-Decade Systematic Review of Global Research Output and Recent Advances Against Human Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:908487. [PMID: 35912207 PMCID: PMC9326111 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.908487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is one of the most important natural products in the genus Capsicum. Due to its numerous biological effects, there has been extensive and increasing research interest in capsaicin, resulting in increased scientific publications in recent years. Therefore, an in-depth bibliometric analysis of published literature on capsaicin from 2001 to 2021 was performed to assess the global research status, thematic and emerging areas, and potential insights into future research. Furthermore, recent research advances of capsaicin and its combination therapy on human cancer as well as their potential mechanisms of action were described. In the last two decades, research outputs on capsaicin have increased by an estimated 18% per year and were dominated by research articles at 93% of the 3753 assessed literature. In addition, anti-cancer/pharmacokinetics, cytotoxicity, in vivo neurological and pain research studies were the keyword clusters generated and designated as thematic domains for capsaicin research. It was evident that the United States, China, and Japan accounted for about 42% of 3753 publications that met the inclusion criteria. Also, visibly dominant collaboration nodes and networks with most of the other identified countries were established. Assessment of the eligible literature revealed that the potential of capsaicin for mitigating cancer mainly entailed its chemo-preventive effects, which were often linked to its ability to exert multi-biological effects such as anti-mutagenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, clinical studies were limited, which may be related to some of the inherent challenges associated with capsaicin in the limited clinical trials. This review presents a novel approach to visualizing information about capsaicin research and a comprehensive perspective on the therapeutic significance and applications of capsaicin in the treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Lois Adetunji
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Femi Olawale
- Nano-Gene and Drug Delivery Group, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chijioke Olisah
- Department of Botany and Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | | | - Adeyemi Oladapo Aremu
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Takkem A, Zakaraia S, Silan A, Alghazawi M, Sahyouni W, AL-Manadili A. The Apoptotic and Antiproliferative Effects of Capsaicin in the Developmental Stages of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Induced in Hamsters. Cureus 2022; 14:e26073. [PMID: 35865422 PMCID: PMC9293258 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Several epidemiological and experimental studies have approve that the vegetarian diet has an anticancer effect. Capsaicin is the active botanical ingredient found in red chili peppers. While the data strongly argue for the significant anticancer benefits of capsaicin, nevertheless, much information is required to shed light on the anticancer molecular mechanisms to improve knowledge and suggest potential therapeutic mechanisms for the use of capsaicin against cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of capsaicin on the rate of cell division and apoptosis in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma induced in the buccal pouch of hamsters. Materials and methods The sample consisted of two groups; the first group consisted of 20 hamsters with the application of carcinogenic 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in the buccal pouch (the control group) and the second group (the study group) also consisted of 20 hamsters with the application of DMBA in alternatively with capsaicin. Tissue biopsies were taken from experimental animals after sacrificing. The samples were immunostained for the detection of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 proteins. Results Immunohistochemical staining by monoclonal antibody to Ki-67 and Bcl-2 in the study group showed lower expression at all stages of oral cancer development compared with their expression in the control group. After performing the one-way (ANOVA) test, we found statistically significant differences by comparing the expression degree of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 proteins in both study groups, where the p-value was less than 0.05. Conclusion We conclude from the data of our study that capsaicin has an anti-cancer role in oral squamous cell carcinoma if applied in the digestive tract of experimental animals by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells and activating apoptosis in them.
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Talib WH, AlHur MJ, Al.Naimat S, Ahmad RE, Al-Yasari AH, Al-Dalaeen A, Thiab S, Mahmod AI. Anticancer Effect of Spices Used in Mediterranean Diet: Preventive and Therapeutic Potentials. Front Nutr 2022; 9:905658. [PMID: 35774546 PMCID: PMC9237507 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.905658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with almost 10 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020, so any investigation to prevent or cure this disease is very important. Spices have been studied widely in several countries to treat different diseases. However, studies that summarize the potential anticancer effect of spices used in Mediterranean diet are very limited. This review highlighted chemo-therapeutic and chemo-preventive effect of ginger, pepper, rosemary, turmeric, black cumin and clove. Moreover, the mechanisms of action for each one of them were figured out such as anti-angiogenesis, antioxidant, altering signaling pathways, induction of cell apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, for several types of cancer. The most widely used spice in Mediterranean diet is black pepper (Piper nigrum L). Ginger and black cumin have the highest anticancer activity by targeting multiple cancer hallmarks. Apoptosis induction is the most common pathway activated by different spices in Mediterranean diet to inhibit cancer. Studies discussed in this review may help researchers to design and test new anticancer diets enriched with selected spices that have high activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- *Correspondence: Wamidh H. Talib
| | - Mallak J. AlHur
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sumaiah Al.Naimat
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rawand E. Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Anfal Al-Dalaeen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samar Thiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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