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Yang SA, Cheng PH, Hsu YJ, Cheng SF, Lin MHA, Huang CC. Effects of Chlorich ®EnergyBoost on Enhancing Physical Performance and Anti-Fatigue Properties in Mice. Foods 2024; 13:2232. [PMID: 39063315 PMCID: PMC11275582 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorich®EnergyBoost, a water extract obtained from Chlorella sorokiniana, has been proposed to enhance physical performance and provide anti-fatigue effects. This study assessed the impact of Chlorich®EnergyBoost supplementation on physical performance and its anti-fatigue properties. Twenty-four mice were allocated into four groups: (1) the control group receiving only water,;(2) the 1X group (49.2 mg/kg/day); (3) the 2X group (98.4 g/kg/day); and (4) the 5X group (246 g/kg/day). All groups were orally administered the supplements for four consecutive weeks. The evaluation included grip strength, swimming endurance, an exhaustion test, and serum biochemistry analysis. Additionally, the study examined the bioactive peptides through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and conducted bacterial reverse mutation and acute oral toxicity tests for safety assessment. The findings indicated that Chlorich®EnergyBoost supplementation led to a significant reduction in serum lactate levels by 14.08% to 22.54% and blood urea nitrogen levels by 12.23% to 16.76%, an increase in the lactate clearance rate by 0.28 to 0.35, an enhancement of muscle glycogen storage by 1.10 to 1.44-fold, and hepatic glycogen storage by 1.41 to 1.47-fold. These results demonstrated dose-dependent effects. MALDI-TOF analysis revealed the expression of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase. Both the bacterial reverse mutation and acute oral toxicity tests showed no adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-An Yang
- Product Development & Research Institute, Vedan Biotechnology, Taichung 43351, Taiwan; (S.-A.Y.); (P.-H.C.); (S.-F.C.)
| | - Po-Hsun Cheng
- Product Development & Research Institute, Vedan Biotechnology, Taichung 43351, Taiwan; (S.-A.Y.); (P.-H.C.); (S.-F.C.)
| | - Yi-Ju Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan;
| | - Shu-Feng Cheng
- Product Development & Research Institute, Vedan Biotechnology, Taichung 43351, Taiwan; (S.-A.Y.); (P.-H.C.); (S.-F.C.)
| | - Meng-Hsueh Amanda Lin
- Product Development & Research Institute, Vedan Biotechnology, Taichung 43351, Taiwan; (S.-A.Y.); (P.-H.C.); (S.-F.C.)
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan;
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Lee SB, Woo TW, Baek DC, Son CG. A standardized herbal combination of Astragalus membranaceus and Paeonia japonica promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy in a treadmill exercise mouse model. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1362550. [PMID: 38966418 PMCID: PMC11223055 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1362550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining a normal range of muscle mass and function is crucial not only for sustaining a healthy life but also for preventing various disorders. Numerous nutritional or natural resources are being explored for their potential muscle hypertrophic properties. Aim We aimed to evaluate the muscle hypertrophic effects of APX, a 1:1 mixture of Astragalus membranaceus and Paeonia japonica. In addition to the myotube differentiation cell assay, we utilized a weighted exercise-based animal model and evaluated changes in muscle hypertrophy using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and histological analysis. Results The 8-week treadmill exercise led to notable decreases in body weight and fat mass but an increase in muscle mass compared to the control group. Administration of APX significantly accelerated muscle mass gain (p < 0.05) without altering body weight or fat mass compared to the exercise-only group. This muscle hypertrophic effect of APX was consistent with the histologic size of muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius (p > 0.05) and rectus femoris (p < 0.05), as well as the regulation of myogenic transcription factors (MyoD and myogenin), respectively. Furthermore, APX demonstrated a similar action to insulin-like growth factor 1, influencing the proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells (p < 0.01) and their differentiation into myotubes (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. Conclusion The present study provides experimental evidence that APX has muscle hypertrophic effects, and its underlying mechanisms would involve the modulation of MyoD and myogenin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chang-Gue Son
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Banihashemi ZS, Azizi-Fini I, Rajabi M, Maghami M, Yadollahi S. Chronic fatigue syndrome post-COVID-19: triple-blind randomised clinical trial of Astragalus root extract. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024:spcare-2023-004595. [PMID: 38834234 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Astragalus root extract on nurses suffering from post-COVID-19 chronic fatigue syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was designed as a triple-blind, randomised, controlled trial in Iran in 2023. 64 chronic fatigue syndrome nurses were randomly assigned to one of two groups: an intervention group (n=32) that received Astragalus root extract (500 mg two times per day) or a control group (n=32) that received a placebo. Changes in chronic fatigue syndrome scores were measured before to, at the end of and 1 month after the intervention. Data were analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics (T-tests, χ2, analysis of variances, Cochran's Q tests, McNemar and generalised estimating equations). RESULTS In comparison to before, chronic fatigue prevalence decreased statistically significantly at the end of the intervention group (13.8%) and 1 month later (17.2%). Further, the frequency differed between before and after (p=0.0001) and 1 month later (p=0.0001). In the control group, chronic fatigue was statistically significantly different before and after the intervention (72.2%; p=0.003). Having an underlying disease (B=0.84, OR=2.33; p=0.04) and being in the control group (B=2.15, OR=12.36; p=0.01) increased the risk of chronic fatigue, whereas increasing the length of time decreased it (B=-0.67, OR=0.50; p=0.0001). CONCLUSION Astragalus root extract has been shown to reduce chronic fatigue in nurses. Therefore, this herbal extract can be used to reduce the incidence and treatment of chronic fatigue in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra-Sadat Banihashemi
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ismail Azizi-Fini
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rajabi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Maghami
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Safoura Yadollahi
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
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Li W, Zhang Z, Berik E, Liu Y, Pei W, Chen S, Wu W, Wang Z, Kong X, Long H, Lei M, Wang JY, Li Z, Liu L, Hou J, Wu W, Guo DA. Energy preservation for skeletal muscles: Shenqi Fuzheng injection prevents tissue wasting and restores bioenergetic profiles in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced cachexia. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155269. [PMID: 38237510 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy deficiency is the characteristic of chemotherapy-induced cachexia (CIC) which is manifested by muscle wasting. glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and lipid metabolism are central to muscle bioenergy production, which is vulnerable to chemotherapy during cancer treatment. Recent investigations have spotlighted the potential of Shenqi Fuzheng injection (SQ), a Chinese proprietary medicine comprising Radix Codonopsis and Radix Astragali, in alleviating CIC. However, the specific effects of SQ on muscle energy metabolism remains less explored. PURPOSE AND METHODS Here, we integrated transcriptomics, spatial metabolomics, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry targeted quantitative analysis, and transmission electron microscopy techniques, combined with Seahorse live-cell metabolic analysis to reveal the changes in genes and pathways related to energy metabolism in the CIC model and SQ's protective effects at molecular and functional levels. RESULTS Our data showed that chemotherapeutic agents caused glycolysis imbalance, which further leads to metabolic derangements of TCA cycle intermediates. SQ maintained glycolysis balance by facilitating pyruvate fluxing to mitochondria for more efficient bioenergy production, which involved a dual effect on promoting functions of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes and inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase for lactate production. As a result of the sustained pyruvate level achieved by SQ administration, glycolysis balance was maintained, which further led to the preservation of mitochondrial integrity and function of electron transport chain, thereby, ensuring the normal operation of the TCA cycle and the proper synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The above results were further validated using the Seahorse live-cell assay. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study highlights SQ as a promising strategy for CIC management, emphasizing its ability to harmonize the homeostasis of the muscle bioenergetic profile. Beyond its therapeutic implications, this study also offers a novel perspective for the development of innovative treatments in the realm of herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zijia Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Entezar Berik
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yawen Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqiang Pei
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinqin Kong
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huali Long
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Lei
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jennifer Yiyang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liangfeng Liu
- Limin Pharmaceutical Factory, Livzon Group Limited, Shaoguan 512028, China; Guangdong Corporate Key Laboratory of High-End Liquid Medicine R&D, Industrilization, Shaoguan 512028, China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wanying Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - De-An Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Chao T, Sun J, Huan N, Ge Y, Wang C. Efficacy and safety of Qixue Tongzhi Granule in improving the exercise capacity of stable coronary artery disease: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1186018. [PMID: 37663413 PMCID: PMC10470462 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1186018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite optimal medical therapy, patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) still have a high risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Exercise capacity measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a good surrogate marker for the long-term prognosis of SCAD. Qixue Tongzhi Granule (QTG) is created by academician Chen Keji and has the function of tonifying qi, promoting blood circulation, and regulating qi-flowing. This trial aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of QTG in improving exercise tolerance, alleviating angina pectoris and anxiety/depression symptoms, promoting health-related quality of life, and reducing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in subjects with SCAD. Methods This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 150 SCAD patients with qi deficiency, blood stasis, and liver qi stagnation syndrome are enrolled. Patients will be randomly allocated to the QTG or placebo groups at a 1:1 ratio. QTG and placebo will be added to the modern guideline-directed medical therapy for 12 weeks and patients will be followed up for another 24 weeks. The primary outcome is the improvement of metabolic equivalents measured by CPET. The secondary outcomes are cumulative incidence of composite endpoint events, other indicators in CPET, changes in the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scale, 12 items of Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, changes of ST-T segment in the electrocardiogram, improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter in echocardiography. In addition, metabolomics analysis will be performed based on blood samples. Adverse events and safety evaluations will also be documented. A full analysis set, per protocol set, and safety analysis set will be conducted. Discussion This clinical trial can enrich treatment options for CHD patients with low cardiorespiratory fitness and psychological imbalance, and it may also create a new situation for promoting the application of traditional Chinese medicine in cardiac rehabilitation.Clinical Trial Registration: [http://www.chictr.org.cn], identifier: [ChiCTR2200058988].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chenglong Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Wei X, Xin J, Chen W, Wang J, Lv Y, Wei Y, Li Z, Ding Q, Shen Y, Xu X, Zhang X, Zhang W, Zu X. Astragalus polysaccharide ameliorated complex factor-induced chronic fatigue syndrome by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114862. [PMID: 37167729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating disease with no symptomatic treatment. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a component derived from the traditional Chinese medicine A. membranaceus, has significant anti-fatigue activity. However, the mechanisms underlying the potential beneficial effects of APS on CFS remain poorly understood. A CFS model of 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice was established using the multiple-factor method. These mice underwent examinations for behavior, oxidative stress and inflammatory indicators in brain and intestinal tissues, and ileum histomorphology. 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis indicated that APS regulated the abundance of gut microbiota and increased production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and anti-inflammatory bacteria. In addition, APS reversed the abnormal expression of Nrf2, NF-κB, and their downstream factors in the brain-gut axis and alleviated the reduction in SCFAs in the cecal content caused by CFS. Further, APS modulated the changes in serum metabolic pathways induced by CFS. Finally, it was verified that butyrate exerted antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in neuronal cells. In conclusion, APS could increase the SCFAs content by regulating the gut microbiota, and SCFAs (especially butyrate) can further regulate the oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, thus alleviating CFS. This study explored the efficacy and mechanism of APS for CFS from the perspective of gut-brain axis and provides a reference to further explore the efficacy of APS and the role of SCFAs in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jiayun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yanhui Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yanping Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhanhong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qianqian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yunheng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiuyun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xianpeng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Anti-fatigue Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicines: A Review. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:597-604. [PMID: 37063439 PMCID: PMC10102495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A third of the world's population suffers from unexplained fatigue, hugely impacting work learning, efficiency, and health. The fatigue development may be a concomitant state of a disease or the side effect of a drug, or muscle fatigue induced by intense exercise. However, there are no authoritative guides or clinical medication recommendations for various fatigue classifications. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are used as dietary supplements or healthcare products with specific anti-fatigue effects. Thus, TCM may be a potential treatment for fatigue. In this review, we outline the pathogenesis of fatigue, awareness of fatigue in Chinese and western medicine, pharmacodynamics mechanism, and substances. Additionally, we offer a comprehensive summary of fatigue and forecast the potential effect of novel herbal-based medicines against fatigue.
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Song Y, Shi X, Gao Z, Li R, Tian J, Cao X, Yang B, Zhao S, Yang Y. Acupoint Catgut Embedding Improves Lipid Metabolism in Exercise-Induced Fatigue Rats via the PPAR Signaling Pathway. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040558. [PMID: 36830344 PMCID: PMC9951690 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the phenomenon of exercise-induced fatigue that often occurs during horse racing, we previously studied the improvement in exercise tolerance by acupoint catgut embedding preconditioning in an exercise-induced fatigue rat model. We found that acupoint catgut embedding pretreatment effectively improved animal exercise tolerance. Here, by combining transcriptomics and metabolomics, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of this improvement. We used blood biochemical detection combined with ELISA to detect triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and glucose (GLU), arachidonic acid (AA), and free fatty acid (FFA) content and found that acupoint embedding can correct FFA, AA, TG, LDH, and AST in the blood. We used RT-qPCR to measure the expression of genes in tissue from the quadriceps femoris muscle. We found that solute carrier family 27 member 2 (Slc27a2), fatty acid binding protein 1 (Fabp1), apolipoprotein C3 (Apoc3), and lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) genes in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway were important. The regulation of lipid metabolism through the PPAR signaling pathway was important for improving the exercise endurance of rats in our exercise-induced fatigue model. Therefore, we conclude that acupoint catgut embedding can not only promote body fat decomposition and reduce lactic acid accumulation but also promote the repair of tissue damage and liver damage caused by exercise fatigue. Acupoint catgut embedding regulates the PPAR signaling pathway by upregulating Lpl expression and downregulating Slc27a2, Fabp1, and Apoc3 expression to further improve body fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Veterinary Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Zhenzhen Gao
- College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Ran Li
- College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jiamin Tian
- College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Veterinary Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Shihua Zhao
- Veterinary Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Veterinary, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Correspondence:
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Yang N, Qi X, Hu J, Teng J, Wang Y, Li C. Exploring the mechanism of astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of multiple system atrophy based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32523. [PMID: 36749251 PMCID: PMC9901982 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, it causes functional degradation of multiple organs and systems throughout the body. Astragalus membranaceus (AM), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to improve muscle wasting-related disorders for a long history. In this study, we used network pharmacology and molecular docking to predict the mechanism underlying AM for the treatment of MSA. We screened the active compounds of AM and its related targets, as well as the target proteins of MSA. We made a Venn diagram to obtain the intersecting targets and then constructed a protein-protein interaction network to find the core targets and build an active ingredient-target network map. After subjecting the intersecting targets to gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis, the binding ability of core compounds and core target proteins were validated by molecular docking. A total of 20 eligible compounds and 274 intersecting targets were obtained. The core components of treatment are quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin, and the core targets are TP53, RELA, and TNF. The main biological processes are related to cellular responses and regulation. Molecular functions are mainly associated with apoptosis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. Molecular docking results show good and standard binding abilities. This study illustrates that AM treats MSA through multiple targets and pathways, and provides a reference for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xianghua Qi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Teng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuangeng Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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10
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An EK, Zhang W, Kwak M, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Polysaccharides from Astragalus membranaceus elicit T cell immunity by activation of human peripheral blood dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:370-377. [PMID: 36368354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus is a widely used herbal medicine in Asia. It has been recognized as possessing various biological properties, however, studies on the activity of the A. membranaceus polysaccharide (AMP), a major component of A. membranaceus, on human peripheral blood dendritic cells (PBDCs) have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we found that AMP induced changes in dendritic morphology and the upregulation of activation marker expression and inflammatory cytokine production in human blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). The AMP promoted the activation of both blood dendritic cell antigen 1+ (BDCA1+) and BDCA3+ PBDCs. AMP-induced secretion of cytokines in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was mainly due to PBDCs. Finally, activated BDCA1+ and BDCA3+ PBDCs by AMP elicited proliferation and activation of autologous T cells, respectively. Hence, these data demonstrated that AMPs could activate dendritic and T cells in human blood, and may provide a new direction for the application of AMPs in the regulation of human immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Koung An
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang J, Liu M, Hu B, Wang L. Exercise Combined with a Chinese Medicine Herbal Tea for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:878-886. [PMID: 36037014 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Exercise and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbal tea may improve glucose metabolism through quite different mechanisms while sharing some common effects. The purpose of this study was to discover whether the intervention of exercise combined with TCM herbal tea intervention could produce advanced improvement in glucose metabolism than exercise alone in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: This was a 12-week, randomized controlled trial in which 75 community patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to the single group (n = 39) receiving intervention of aerobic and resistance exercise three times per week and the combined group (n = 36) receiving intervention of TCM herbal tea (consisted of six substances) taken once daily besides the exercise. The change of glycated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c), tested before and after intervention, served as the primary outcome. Other measurements include fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated serum protein (GSP), lipid profile, and physical fitness profile. Results: HbA1c and FPG levels and their changes showed no group difference. The level of GSP was lower, and its decrease was also larger after exercise combined with TCM herbal tea than after single exercise intervention (p < 0.05). Lipid profile and physical fitness parameters were similar in the two groups except the larger six-minute walk test (6MWT) power after the combined intervention (p < 0.05). Patients showed good compliance with the intervention and had similar exercise days or amount in the two groups. No patient reported serious adverse events or significant changes in other lifestyles. Conclusions: A 12-week of exercise combined with TCM herbal tea could not enhance the hypoglycemic effects by exercise alone in community patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the lower GSP level and larger 6MWT work brought by combined intervention suggest its potential benefits, and further studies are needed to explore the effects of longer period and larger dosage of intervention. Clinical Trial Registration Number: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1800018721.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Minjing Liu
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Biyue Hu
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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12
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Yeh TS, Lei TH, Barnes MJ, Zhang L. Astragalosides Supplementation Enhances Intrinsic Muscle Repair Capacity Following Eccentric Exercise-Induced Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14:4339. [PMID: 36297022 PMCID: PMC9608496 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragalosides have been shown to enhance endurance exercise capacity in vivo and promote muscular hypertrophy in vitro. However, it remains unknown whether astragalosides supplementation can alter inflammatory response and enhance muscle recovery after damage in humans. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effect of astragalosides supplementation on muscle's intrinsic capacity to regenerate and repair itself after exercise-induced damage. Using a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design, eleven male participants underwent 7 days of astragalosides supplementation (in total containing 4 mg of astragalosides per day) or a placebo control, following an eccentric exercise protocol. Serum blood samples and variables related to muscle function were collected prior to and immediately following the muscle damage protocol and also at 2 h, and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days of the recovery period, to assess the pro-inflammatory cytokine response, the secretion of muscle regenerative factors, and muscular strength. Astragalosides supplementation reduced biomarkers of skeletal muscle damage (serum CK, LDH, and Mb), when compared to the placebo, at 1, 2, and 3 days following the muscle damage protocol. Astragalosides supplementation suppressed the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α, whilst increasing the release of IGF-1 during the initial stages of muscle recovery. Furthermore, following astragaloside supplementation, muscular strength returned to baseline 2 days earlier than the placebo. Astragalosides supplementation shortens the duration of inflammation, enhances the regeneration process and restores muscle strength following eccentric exercise-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Shao Yeh
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Tze-Huan Lei
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Matthew J. Barnes
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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13
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Qin N, Xie H, Zhao A, Zhang X, Sun Y, Li W, Wang R. Effects of salidroside on exercise tolerance of mice under high altitude hypoxia environment. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022; 51:397-404. [PMID: 37202096 PMCID: PMC10264981 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of salidroside on the exercise tolerance of mice under high altitude hypoxia environment. METHODS C57BL/6J healthy male mice were randomly divided into normoxia control group, model control group, Rhodiola rosea capsule group and salidroside low-dose (5 mg/kg), medium-dose (10 mg/kg) and high-dose (20 mg/kg) groups, with 15 mice in each group. After 3 days, all groups (except the normoxia control group) entered a plateau with an altitude of 4010 m. After 1 day of hypoxia exposure, the exhausted swimming test was performed to determine the exhaustive time of mice; the pathological changes of liver and muscle tissue were observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), glutathione (GSH), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glycogen, lactate and ATPase were measured and compared among groups. RESULTS Compared with the normoxia control group, the exhaustive swimming time of the model control group was shortened ( P<0.05), the liver tissue and muscle tissue were pathologically damaged, the level of oxidative stress was significantly increased, the levels of sodium potassium ATPase and calcium magnesium ATPase were significantly increased. Compared with the model control group, the exhaustive swimming time of the mice in the Rhodiola rosea capsule group and salidroside groups was significantly prolonged ( P<0.05). The oxidative stress injury was alleviated, the contents of MDA, H 2O 2 and lactic acid in liver and muscle tissues decreased, the contents of GSH, liver glycogen and muscle glycogen increased, and the activities of T-SOD and ATPase increased (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION Salidroside has significant anti-fatigue activity, and its anti-fatigue effect is related to the reduction of oxidative stress damage, the reduction of the accumulation of undesirable metabolites and the increase in the reserve of energy substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Qin
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
- 2. School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hua Xie
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Anpeng Zhao
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
- 2. School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yuemei Sun
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Rong Wang
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
- 2. School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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14
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Liu Y, Li C, Shen X, Liu Y. The use of traditional Chinese medicines in relieving exercise-induced fatigue. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:969827. [PMID: 35935864 PMCID: PMC9353218 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise-induced fatigue is a non-pathological fatigue and indicated by a reduction of muscle performance that is caused by excessive physical activity. It seriously affects the daily lives of people, in particular athletes, military personnel, and manual laborers. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to improving the adverse effect of exercise-induced fatigue on people’s daily activities. Thus, studies and applications of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in relieving exercise-induced fatigue have become the focus because of their good curative effects with fewer side effects. This review aims to document and summarize the critical and comprehensive information about the biological processes of exercise-induced fatigue, and to know the types of TCMs, their active components, and possible molecular mechanisms in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue. The peripheral and central mechanisms that cause exercise-induced fatigue have been summarized. A total of 47 exercise-induced fatigue relief TCMs have been collected, mostly including the types of visceral function regulation and emotional adjustment TCMs. Polysaccharides, terpenes, flavonoids/polyphenols are demonstrated to be the major bioactive components. The underlying molecular mechanisms are mainly related to the improvement of energy metabolism, elimination of excess metabolites, inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory response, regulation of HPA axis and neurotransmitters. Although current results are obtained mostly from animal models, the clinic trials are still insufficient, and a very few TCMs have been reported to possess potential hepatotoxicity. These findings still offer great reference value, and the significant efficacy in relieving exercise-induced fatigue is impossible to ignore. This review is expected to give insights into the research and development of new TCMs-derived drugs and health care products in relieving exercise-induced fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Liu
- School of Leisure Sports, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Congying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofei Shen, ; Yue Liu,
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofei Shen, ; Yue Liu,
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15
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Li Q, Wang L, Fang X, Zhao L. Highly Efficient Biotransformation of Notoginsenoside R1 into Ginsenoside Rg1 by Dictyoglomus thermophilum β-xylosidase Xln-DT. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:447-457. [PMID: 35131955 PMCID: PMC9628812 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2111.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 are the main active ingredients of Panax notoginseng, exhibiting anti-fatigue, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. In a previous study, a GH39 β-xylosidase Xln-DT was responsible for the bioconversion of saponin, a natural active substance with a xylose group, with high selectivity for cleaving the outer xylose moiety of notoginsenoside R1 at the C-6 position, producing ginsenoside Rg1 with potent anti-fatigue activity. The optimal bioconversion temperature, pH, and enzyme dosage were obtained by optimizing the transformation conditions. Under optimal conditions (pH 6.0, 75°C, enzyme dosage 1.0 U/ml), 1.0 g/l of notoginsenoside R1 was converted into 0.86 g/l of ginsenoside Rg1 within 30 min, with a molar conversion rate of approximately 100%. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-fatigue activity of notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 were compared using a suitable rat model. Compared with the control group, the forced swimming time to exhaustion was prolonged in mice by 17.3% in the Rg1 high group (20 mg/kg·d). Additionally, the levels of hepatic glycogen (69.9-83.3% increase) and muscle glycogen (36.9-93.6% increase) were increased. In the Rg1 group, hemoglobin levels were also distinctly increased by treatment concentrations. Our findings indicate that treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 enhances the anti-fatigue effects. In this study, we reveal a GH39 β-xylosidase displaying excellent hydrolytic activity to produce ginsenoside Rg1 in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Xianying Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,Corresponding authors X. Fang Phone : +86-025-85427962 Fax : +86-025-85418873 E-mail :
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,
L. Zhao Phone : +86-025-85427962 Fax : +86-025-85418873 E-mail :
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16
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Astragalus membranaceus Enhances Myotube Hypertrophy through PI3K-Mediated Akt/mTOR Signaling Phosphorylation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081670. [PMID: 35458232 PMCID: PMC9028211 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is classified as a high-class traditional herbal medicine, which has strengthened vitality and multifunctional pharmacological activities, but limited empirical evidence is available to support its effects in muscular hypertrophy. It evokes skeletal muscle hypertrophy by increasing anabolic pathway, which is essential to prevent sarcopenia in elderly population. In this study, we examined the effects of AM on skeletal muscle hypertrophy by focusing on the molecular mechanism. We employed an in vitro model to investigate whether AM-treated skeletal muscle, as represented by myotube C2C12 cells, was hypertrophic, and to further investigate the efficacy of AM-activated phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling that must occur prior to myotube hypertrophy. The results showed that the myotubes formed larger multinucleated myotubes with increased diameter and thickness (1.16-fold relative to control group, p < 0.05). Administration of PI3K and mTOR inhibitors abolished AM-induced muscular hypertrophy. Moreover, AM-induced PI3K-mediated myotube hypertrophy was accompanied by the activation of Akt and mTOR signaling. We concluded that the AM is a nutritional activator to enhance muscular hypertrophy by increasing PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling phosphorylation. As the AM is effective in myotube hypertrophy, AM and its derivatives may be promising candidates for ergogenic aid to prevent sarcopenia.
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17
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Chen YJ, Baskaran R, Shibu MA, Lin WT. Anti-Fatigue and Exercise Performance Improvement Effect of Glossogyne tenuifolia Extract in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051011. [PMID: 35267986 PMCID: PMC8912778 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glossogyne tenuifolia (GT) is a native perennial plant growing across the coastline areas in Taiwan. The current study aimed to examine the efficacy of GT extract in ameliorating physical fatigue during exercise and increasing exercise performance. Fifty male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly segregated into five groups (n = 10) to GT extract orally for 4 weeks, at different concentrations (50, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW/day): LGT 1X, MGT 2X, HGT 5X, and HGT 10X groups. Forelimb grip strength, endurance swimming time, serum biochemical marker levels, blood lipid profile and histological analysis of various organs were performed to assess the anti-fatigue effect and exercise performance of GT extract. The forelimb-grips strength and endurance-swimming time of GT-administered mice were increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner when compared to the control. Serum glucose, creatine kinase, and lactate levels were increased significantly in the HGT 10X group. Liver marker serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) was increased in the HGT 5X and HGT 10X groups, whereas Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT) was not altered. Renal markers, creatinine and uric acid levels, were not altered. Muscle and hepatic glycogen levels, which are essential for energy sources during exercise, were also significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner in all GT extract groups. No visible histological aberrations were observed in the vital organs after GT extract administration. The supplementation with GT extract could have beneficial effects on exercise performance and anti-fatigue function without toxicity at a higher dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40704, Taiwan;
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan;
| | | | - Wan-Teng Lin
- Department of Hospitality Management, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2359-0121 (ext. 37709)
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18
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis on Pharmacological Mechanisms of Astragalus membranaceus in the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9007396. [PMID: 35140802 PMCID: PMC8820867 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9007396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalus membranaceus (AM, family: Leguminosae) exerts significant therapeutic effect on gastric ulcer (GU); however, there are scarce studies on its molecular mechanism against GU. This study aims to explore the key ingredients, key targets, and potential mechanisms of AM in the treatment of GU by utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS Several public databases were used to predict the targets of AM and GU, respectively, and the drug and disease targets were intersected to obtain the common targets. Next, the key ingredients and key targets were identified by constructing ingredient-target network and protein-protein-interaction (PPI) network. Gene Ontology biological processes (GOBP) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out on the common targets in order to ascertain the biological processes and signaling pathways involved. Finally, molecular docking was conducted to verify the binding affinity between the key ingredients and key targets. RESULTS A total of 552 predicted targets were obtained from 23 screened active ingredients, of which 203 targets were the common targets with GU. Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin were identified as the key ingredients by constructing ingredient-target network, and TP53, AKT1, VEGFA, IL6, TNF, CASP3, and EGFR were selected as the key targets by constructing PPI network. GOBP and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the therapeutic effect of AM on GU involved multiple biological processes and signaling pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. Molecular docking validation demonstrated that all key ingredients had good binding affinity with the key targets. CONCLUSION This study revealed the key ingredients, key targets, and potential mechanisms of AM against GU, and these data may provide some crucial references for subsequent research and development of drugs for treating GU.
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Geng X, Guo X, Liu B, Yu P, Li J, Pan H. Traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi therapy in exercise-induced fatigue: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28594. [PMID: 35029242 PMCID: PMC8758046 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise-induced fatigue (EIF) is a common occurrence in sports competition and training. It may cause trouble to athletes' motor skill execution and cognition. Although traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi therapy has been commonly used for EIF management, relevant evidence on the effectiveness and safety of Jianpi therapy is still unclear. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, SinoMed, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang will be searched for relevant randomized controlled trials from databases from 2000 to 2021. Randomized controlled trials related to traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi therapy in the treatment and management of EIF will be included. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the data will be performed in RevMan 5.3 according to the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Two authors independently performed the literature searching, data extraction, and quality evaluation. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for randomized clinical trials. RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the latest evidence for traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi therapy in EIF. The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal once completed. CONCLUSION The conclusion of our research will provide evidence to support traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi therapy as an effective intervention for patients with EIF.OSF Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/NRKX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Geng
- School of Physical Education and Health of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiujuan Guo
- School of Physical Education and Health of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Baoquan Liu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Peiying Yu
- School of Physical Education and Health of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jiazhou Li
- Guangdong Chaozhou Health Vocational College, China
| | - Huashan Pan
- Guangdong Chaozhou Health Vocational College, China
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20
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Yan K, Gao H, Liu X, Zhao Z, Gao B, Zhang L. Establishment and identification of an animal model of long-term exercise-induced fatigue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915937. [PMID: 36093084 PMCID: PMC9459130 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In competitive sports, the training load is close to the human physiological limit, which will inevitably lead to exercise-induced fatigue. If fatigue cannot be recovered in time, it will eventually lead to excessive training and affect sport performance. Therefore, fatigue has become an important part of the physical function assessment for athletes. This paper will review animal models of long-term exercise-induced fatigue, modeling schemes of mice under treadmill and swimming training, phenotypes of long-term exercise-induced fatigue (e.g., nervous system damage, myocardial cell damage, bone mineral density changes, and skeletal muscle damage), and fatigue indicators. The relationship between physiological indicators and biomarkers and long-term exercise-induced fatigue is analyzed to promote exercise-induced fatigue monitoring. This paper attempts to provide a reference for the selection of animal models of long-term exercise-induced fatigue and provide a new theoretical basis for medical supervision and recovery of exercise-induced fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyang Gao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghan Zhao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lingli Zhang, ; Bo Gao,
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lingli Zhang, ; Bo Gao,
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21
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Zhang S, Liu B, Yan G, Wu H, Han Y, Cui H. Chemical properties and anti-fatigue effect of polysaccharide from Pholiota nameko. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14015. [PMID: 34821398 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the primary chemical properties and anti-fatigue effect in vivo of Pholiota nameko polysaccharide (PNP). Through UV-visible spectrum, the absorption peaks of proteins, nucleic acids and pigments were not found. The organic functional groups of polysaccharides (3,289.97, 1,584.72, and 1,045.23 cm-1 so on) were measured by IR spectroscopy. The PNP was a semi-crystalline or non-crystalline substance, possessed a three-dimensional lump structure with a smooth, dense surface and amorphous structure according to the scanning electron microscopy and XRD images. Moreover, the PNP was chain or bright-spot structures formed by the entanglement of multiple polysaccharide fibers on the basis of atomic force microscopy. The results of anti-fatigue suggested the PNP could significantly extend the forced swim time from 121.58 ± 18.48 and 101.91 ± 14.27 min to 154.95 ± 24.26 and 134.13 ± 25.71 min in male and female mice respectively. The LDH activity was up to 31.68 ± 4.60 U/ml in male mice and 29.49 ± 5.12 U/ml in female mice. Meanwhile, the Ca2+ -Mg2+ -ATPase activity was reached to 2.49 ± 0.41 μmol/(mg·h) in male mice and 2.44 ± 0.29 μmol/(mg·h) in female mice. The SOD activity was increased to 5.92 ± 1.19 U/ml in male mice and 5.89 ± 0.98 U/ml in female mice, while the MDA content was decreased to 2.24 ± 0.34 nmol/mg in male mice and 2.02 ± 0.41 nmol/mg in female mice. These results showed a theoretical basis for application of the PNP in food and pharmacy as a natural physical strengthening substance. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Fatigue affects physical and mental health in vivo, which resulted in negative effects on everyday tasks, leisure activities, cognitive and behavioral performances and is very common in modern life. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the primary chemical properties and research the anti-fatigue effects of Pholiota nameko polysaccharide (PNP) in mice. And then, it would be a reference for the development and utilization of PNP as a kind of healthy food on sub-health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisheng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Guoyue Yan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Han Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yaochen Han
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Hongxia Cui
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Qinhuangdao, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Qinhuangdao, China
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22
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Samuel AO, Huang BT, Chen Y, Guo FX, Yang DD, Jin JQ. Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19625. [PMID: 34608170 PMCID: PMC8490359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Used as traditional Chinese medicine, Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. (A. membranaceus) roots are also used as tonic food material in a wide range of applications, while the leaves are left in the field, unused. Therefore, comprehensively exploring and utilizing the leaves will inevitably reduce the associated resource waste and environment pollution. In this study, the plant leaves were processed into tea using green tea processing technology. Bioactive components, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the Leaf Tea (LT) and Dry Leaves (DL) were studied, and compared to that of the Dry Roots (DR). The results showed that the polysaccharides content (POL) in the DR (20.44%) was twice as high as the DL (10.18%) and LT (8.68%). However, the DL contained 36.85% more water-soluble extracts (WSE), 35.09% more ethanol-soluble extracts (ESE), 409.63% more total flavonoid content (TFC), 221.01% more total phenolic content (TPC) and 94.34% more proteins, and the LT contained 26.21% more WSE, 40.64% more ESE, 326.93% more TFC, 191.90% more TPC and 37.71% more proteins. The total amino acid (AA) content in the DR was 8.89%, while in that of the DL and LT were 24.18% and 28.96% respectively, nearly 3-times higher than that of the DR. The antioxidant activity of DR was much lower than those of DL and LT, both of which had antioxidant activity closer to that of Vitamin C (VC) and the antioxidant activities were even stronger when the optimal concentration was reached. Except for Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus, the DL and DR exhibited inhibition activities to Salmonella, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and yeast, while the LT had antimicrobial activities against all the strains except for A. niger. In summary, compared with the most commonly used DR, the DL and LT from A. membranaceus contained higher bioactive components, and stronger antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Producing leaf tea may be an appropriate way to economically and reasonably utilize the plant leaves which are by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anim Okyere Samuel
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Good Agricultural Production for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Medical Plant Cultivation and Breeding, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O BOX 74, Kusi, Ghana
| | - Bao-Ting Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Good Agricultural Production for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Medical Plant Cultivation and Breeding, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Good Agricultural Production for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Medical Plant Cultivation and Breeding, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Feng-Xia Guo
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Good Agricultural Production for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Medical Plant Cultivation and Breeding, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Dou-Dou Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Good Agricultural Production for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Medical Plant Cultivation and Breeding, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jian-Qin Jin
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Good Agricultural Production for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Medical Plant Cultivation and Breeding, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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23
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Latour E, Arlet J, Latour EE, Juszkiewicz A, Łuczkowska K, Marcinkiewicz A, Basta P, Trzeciak J, Machaliński B, Skarpańska-Stejnborn A. Standardized astragalus extract for attenuation of the immunosuppression induced by strenuous physical exercise: randomized controlled trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:57. [PMID: 34271953 PMCID: PMC8285774 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This paper aimed to verify how a supplementation of rower’s diet with Astragalus Membranaceus Root (AMR) modulated their immune system response to maximal physical exertion. Methods The double-blind study included 18 members of the Polish Rowing Team assigned to the supplemented group (n = 10), and the placebo group (n = 8). The participants performed a 2000 m test on a rowing ergometer at the beginning and at the end of the six-week of intensive training camp during which the supplemented group received 500 mg of AMR. Blood samples were obtained prior to, 1 min after completing, and 24 h after the exertion test. The levels of interleukin 2 (IL2), interleukin 4 (IL4), interleukin 10 (IL10), interferon ɤ (IFN-ɣ), and lactic acid were determined. Subpopulations of T regulatory lymphocytes [CD4+/CD25+/CD127−] (Treg), cytotoxic lymphocytes [CD8+/TCRαβ+] (CTL), natural killer cells [CD3−/CD16+/CD56+] (NK), and TCRδγ-positive cells (Tδγ) were determined with flow cytometry. Results After the camp, the initial NK and Treg levels sustained at the baseline, while Tδγ counts increased relative to the levels in the placebo group. In the supplemented subgroup, a decrease in IL2 level in reaction to maximal exertion clearly deepened while the change in IL-2/IL-10 level induced by the recovery after this exertion clearly increased, relative to the changes in the placebo group. Conclusions AMR restored the immunological balance in strenuously trained athlets through a stabilization of NK and Treg cells with a positive trend in Tδγ towards Th1 response during restitution by cytokine IL2 modulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12970-021-00425-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Latour
- University of Physical Education in Poznań, Branch in Gorzów Wlkp, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jaroslaw Arlet
- University of Physical Education in Poznań, Branch in Gorzów Wlkp, Poznań, Poland
| | - Emilia E Latour
- University of Physical Education in Poznań, Branch in Gorzów Wlkp, Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Juszkiewicz
- University of Physical Education in Poznań, Branch in Gorzów Wlkp, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anita Marcinkiewicz
- University of Physical Education in Poznań, Branch in Gorzów Wlkp, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Basta
- University of Physical Education in Poznań, Branch in Gorzów Wlkp, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Trzeciak
- University of Physical Education in Poznań, Branch in Gorzów Wlkp, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
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Hwang J, Zhang W, Dhananjay Y, An EK, Kwak M, You S, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides potentiate the growth-inhibitory activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors against pulmonary metastatic melanoma in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1292-1300. [PMID: 34000307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus (A. membranaceus) is commonly used in various herbal formulations to treat several human and animal diseases. Polysaccharides, which are the major bioactive components in the A. membranaceus, exhibit various bioactive properties. However, the ability of A. membranaceus polysaccharides (APS) to activate the mucosal immune response has not been examined. We examined the effect of intranasal administration of APS on mucosal immune cell activation and the growth-inhibitory activity against pulmonary metastatic melanoma in mice by combination treatment with immune checkpoint blockade. The intranasal treatment of APS increased the number of lineage-CD11c+ dendritic cell (DCs) in the mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN) through the upregulation of CC-chemokine receptor 7 expression. Moreover, intranasal treatment of APS activated DCs, which further stimulated natural killer (NK) and T cells in the mLN. The APS/anti-PD-L1 antibody combination inhibited the pulmonary infiltration of B16 melanoma cells. The depletion of NK cells and CD8 T cells in mice mitigated the anti-cancer effect of this combination, thereby highlighting the critical role of NK cells and CD8 T cells in mediating anti-cancer immunity. These findings demonstrated that APS could be used as a topical mucosal adjuvant to enhance the immune check point inhibitor anti-cancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yadav Dhananjay
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Koung An
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneung Daehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, South Korea
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Liu J, Nile SH, Xu G, Wang Y, Kai G. Systematic exploration of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax ginseng as immune regulators: Insights from the comparative biological and computational analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 86:153077. [PMID: 31477352 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune system plays a decisive role for defending various pathogenic microorganisms. Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Panax ginseng (PG) are two tonic herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as immune booster and help to control diseases with their healthy synergistic effect on immune system. PURPOSE This study was aimed to investigate the promote effect and molecular mechanisms of AM and PG on immune system as booster and to control the target diseases using animal and computational systematic study. METHODS Computational models including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) with weighted ensemble similarity (WES) algorithm-based models and ClueGo network analysis were used to find the potential bioactive compounds targets and pathways, which were responsible for immune regulation. Viscera index analysis, proliferation activity of splenic lymphocytes and cytotoxic activity of NK cells assays were performed to validate the effect of AM and PG on immune system of long-term administrated mice. Metabonomic study of mice plasma was conducted to investigate effect of AM and PG on the endogenous metabolic perturbations, together with correlation analysis. RESULTS AM and PG simultaneously showed the ability to strengthen the immune system function including enhancement of spleen and thymus index, proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and cytotoxic activity of NK cells. Besides, the different molecular mechanisms of AM and PG on immune regulation were also investigated by analyzing the potential bioactive compounds, enzymes actions and pathways. Quercetin, formononetin and kaempferol were the main immune-related compounds in AM, while ginsenoside Ra1, ginsenoside Rh1 and kaempferol in PG. About 10 target proteins were found close to immune regulation, including acetylcholinesterase (ACHE, common target in AM and PG), sphingosine kinase 1(SPHK1), cytidine deaminase (CDA), and Choline O-acetyltransferase (CHAT). Glycerophospholipid metabolism was regulated in both AM and PG groups. Pyrimidine metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism were considered as the special pathway in AM groups. Energy metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism were the special pathways in PG groups. CONCLUSION A novel comprehensive molecular mechanism analysis method was established and applied to clarify the scientific connotation of AM and PG as immune regulation, with similar herbal tonic effect provided in clinical practice of TCM, which can provide a new line of research for drug development (immune booster) using AM and PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiu Liu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Guoliang Xu
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of TCM, University of Jiangxi TCM, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China.
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Lan S, Duan J, Zeng N, Yu B, Yang X, Ning H, Huang Y, Rao Y. Network pharmacology-based screening of the active ingredients and mechanisms of Huangqi against aging. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25660. [PMID: 33907130 PMCID: PMC8084007 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Studies have shown that Huangqi (HQ) has anti-aging efficacy. However, its active ingredients and mechanisms for anti-aging are still unclear. In this study, we will systematically screen the active ingredients of HQ and explore the possible mechanism of HQ in prevention from aging through network pharmacology technology.The main active ingredients of HQ were obtained from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The possible targets were predicted by TCMSP. The related targets for aging were obtained from GeneCards (The Human Gene Database) and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. The common targets of HQ and aging were obtained using R 3.6.3 software. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the ingredient-target-disease network were constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software for visualization. In addition, the Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation of potential targets were performed using R 3.6.3 software.Based on the screening conditions, 16 active ingredients and 28 drug targets were obtained. The PPI network contained 29 proteins, including PTGS2, AR, NOS2, and so on. GO functional enrichment analysis obtained 40 GO items (P < .05). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis obtained 110 aging related pathways (P < .05), including hypoxia inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complication, among others.Sixteen effective ingredients of HQ and 28 targets against aging were identified through network pharmacology. Multiple pathways were involved in the effect of HQ on preventing aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang
| | - Jie Duan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pidu District People's Hospital
| | - Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang
| | - Xuping Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hong Ning
- Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang
| | - Yilan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Youyi Rao
- Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang
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27
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Lin H, Zhang X, Liu J, Yuan L, Liu J, Wang C, Sun J, Chen J, Jing S, Li H. Schisantherin A improves learning and memory abilities partly through regulating the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling pathway in chronic fatigue mice. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:385. [PMID: 33680107 PMCID: PMC7918174 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic fatigue is frequently accompanied by decreased learning and memory capabilities. Schizantherin A (SCA) is one of the main active monomer components in Schisandra chinensis lignans. In the present study, a chronic fatigue mouse model was established using the exhausted swimming approach to investigate the effects of SCA on learning and memory and its associated mechanism of action. Learning and memory abilities were tested by step through tests and water maze methods. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in hippocampal tissue were measured by corresponding assays. The effect of SCA on the expression of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Bcl2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by western blot. The present results showed that SCA can improve the learning and memory capabilities of chronic fatigue mice. SCA was found to increase the activities of SOD and CAT in addition to increasing the levels of GSH but reduced the levels of MDA in hippocampus tissues. Furthermore, SCA treatment downregulated the protein expression levels of Keap1, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and upregulated the protein expression levels of Nrf2, HO1 and Bcl2 in the hippocampus. These results suggested that modulations in the Nrf2-Keap1-antioxidant response element pathway, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptosis effects are the causes underlying the improvements from SCA treatment on the learning and memory abilities of chronic fatigue mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijiao Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Xinyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Neurology Department, Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Jinghui Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Jianguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Shu Jing
- General Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
| | - He Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
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28
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Wang L, Xu Z, Ling D, Li J, Wang Y, Shan T. The regulatory role of dietary factors in skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:764-782. [PMID: 33021403 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1828812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in motor function, respiration, and whole-body energy homeostasis. How to regulate the development and function of skeletal muscle has become a hot research topic for improving lifestyle and extending life span. Numerous transcription factors and nutritional factors have been clarified are closely associated with the regulation of skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function. In this article, the roles of different dietary factors including green tea, quercetin, curcumin (CUR), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and resveratrol (RES) in regulating skeletal muscle development, muscle mass, muscle function, and muscle recovery have been summarized and discussed. We also reviewed the potential regulatory molecular mechanism of these factors. Based on the current findings, dietary factors may be used as a potential therapeutic agent to treat skeletal muscle dysfunction as well as its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Defeng Ling
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang X, Jing S, Lin H, Sun W, Jiang W, Yu C, Sun J, Wang C, Chen J, Li H. Anti-fatigue effect of anwulignan via the NRF2 and PGC-1α signaling pathway in mice. Food Funct 2020; 10:7755-7766. [PMID: 31696200 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01182j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the anti-fatigue function of anwulignan from Schisandra and its underlying mechanism. METHODS After an excessive fatigue mouse model was created, anwulignan was administered to the mice, and its effect on exercise tolerance was studied by the weight-bearing swimming test, rotarod test, grip strength test, and tail suspension test. The biochemical indicators closely related to fatigue, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactic acid (LD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) in the serum; liver glycogen (LG) in the liver tissue; muscle glycogen (MG); inorganic phosphate (Pi) and Annexin V in the gastrocnemius; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities; malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); and the 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in both serum and the gastrocnemius were detected. Morphological changes were also observed. The anti-fatigue-related proteins of the NRF2/ARE, Bcl2, and PGC-1α pathways in the gastrocnemius of the mice were detected by western blot. RESULTS Anwulignan significantly increased the exercise tolerance by decreasing BUN, LD, LDH, CK, Pi, MDA, TBARS, 8-OHdG, ROS, and Annexin V levels and increasing LG, MG, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px levels, significantly upregulated the expression of NRF2 and Bcl2 proteins, which are anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis regulators, and also activated the p38MAPK-PGC-1α pathway. CONCLUSION Anwulignan can increase exercise tolerance and relieve fatigue in an excessive fatigue mouse model. The underlying mechanism may be through its regulatory effect on the NRF2 and PGC-1α signaling pathway. This study will provide scientific data for anwulignan to be developed as a novel and efficient component in anti-oxidant or anti-fatigue health food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China.
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30
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Natural medicines for the treatment of fatigue: Bioactive components, pharmacology, and mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Liu X, Wang B, Sun Y, Jia Y, Xu Z. Astragalus root extract inhibits retinal cell apoptosis and repairs damaged retinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:3147-3159. [PMID: 31564208 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1669998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the functions of Astragalus root extract in retinopathy remain to be unraveled, this study is performed to elucidate whether Astragalus root extract functions in retinal cell apoptosis and angiogenesis in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Newborn mice were selected for establishing mice models of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), which were treated with high-, medium- or low-Astragalus root extract. Evans Blue (EB) was perfused to detect the blood retinal barrier. Additionally, the vascular morphology, number of endothelial cell nuclei of neovascularization, proliferation of blood vessels, ultrastructural changes were determined via a series of assays. Moreover, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression of other factors such as VEGF, PEDF, IGF-1, HIF-1α, Bax, Bcl-2, eNOS, nNOS, and iNOS were detected. Astragalus root extract was found to protect blood-retinal barrier in the OIR model mice through repairing the structure and morphology of retina, inhibiting ROS production, retinal cell apoptosis, as well as improving retinal vascular angiogenesis. Astragalus root extract was also found to decrease VEGF and HIF-1α expression, but enhance PEDF and IGF-1 expression in the OIR model mice, thereby protecting retinas in ROP. This study highlights that Astragalus root extract is able to suppress retinal cell apoptosis and repair damaged retinal neovascularization in ROP, which provides basis for ROP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University , Luoyang , PR. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Luoyang Women's and Children's Health Care Center , Luoyang , PR. China
| | - Yongfa Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University , Luoyang , PR. China
| | - Yutao Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University , Luoyang , PR. China
| | - Zhaoying Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University , Luoyang , PR. China
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Lin CL, Lee MC, Hsu YJ, Huang WC, Huang CC, Huang SW. Isolated Soy Protein Supplementation and Exercise Improve Fatigue-Related Biomarker Levels and Bone Strength in Ovariectomized Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111792. [PMID: 30453643 PMCID: PMC6266037 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolated soy protein (ISP) is a well-known supplement and has been reported to improve health, exercise performance, body composition, and energy utilization. ISP exhibits multifunctional bioactivities and also contains branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which have been confirmed to positively affect body weight (BW) regulation and muscle protein synthesis. The combined effects of BCAA supplements and exercise in older postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity have been inadequately investigated. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the potential beneficial effects of soy protein supplementation and exercise training on postmenopausal mice. Forty mice (14 weeks old) with ovariectomy-induced osteosarcopenic obesity were divided into five groups (n = 8), namely sham ovariectomy (OVX, control), OVX, OVX with ISP supplementation (OVX+ISP), OVX with exercise training (ET, OVX+ET), and OVX with ISP and ET (OVX+ISP+ET). The mice received a vehicle or soy protein (3.8 g/kg BW) by oral gavage for four weeks, and the exercise performance (forelimb grip strength and exhaustive swimming time) was evaluated. In the biochemical profiles, we evaluated the serum glucose level and tissue damage markers, such as lactate, ammonia, glucose, blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine phosphate kinase (CPK). The body composition was determined by evaluating bone stiffness and muscle mass. All data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance. The physical performance of the OVX+ISP+ET group did not differ from that of the other groups. The OVX+ISP+ET group exhibited lower levels of serum lactate, ammonia, CPK, and BUN as well as economized glucose metabolism after an acute exercise challenge. The OVX+ISP+ET group also exhibited higher muscle mass and bone strength than the OVX group. Our study demonstrated that a combination of ISP supplementation and exercise reduced fatigue and improved bone function in OVX mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Li Lin
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Mon-Chien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ju Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Wei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 23561, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Ma J, Zheng J, Zhong N, Bai C, Wang H, Du J, Li F, Chen Y, Shi Z, Li X, Chen P. Effects of YuPingFeng granules on acute exacerbations of COPD: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3107-3114. [PMID: 30323581 PMCID: PMC6174891 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s170555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recurrence of acute exacerbations has a major impact on patients with COPD. Therefore, effective prevention and treatment of exacerbation is crucial in the management of COPD, especially for patients with moderate to severe disease. This study evaluated the effectiveness of YuPingFeng granule administration in preventing exacerbation and improving symptom score, as well as its long-term (1 year) safety profile, in patients with COPD. Patients and methods This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled study of 240 patients from eight centers in China. Participants were eligible if they had mild to severe COPD as defined by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, had a history of at least two COPD exacerbations or one hospitalization within the previous year, and had remained clinically stable for over 4 weeks before the study. They were randomly assigned to receive 5 g of YuPingFeng or placebo, three times per day, for 1 year. The primary end point was the exacerbation rate over 1 year, and the analysis was by intention to treat. Secondary end points included symptom score, which was assessed by COPD assessment test (CAT) score and safety profiles. This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn; registration number: ChiCTR-IPR-15007023). Results The YuPingFeng group had a significantly lower exacerbation rate than the placebo group (1.15 vs 1.55; risk ratio=0.677 [95% CI 0.531–0.863]; P=0.002) and a significantly reduced risk of second exacerbation (95% CI 0.326–0.772; P=0.002). After treatment, the mean change in the CAT score in the YuPingFeng group (−4.41±7.01) differed significantly from that in the placebo group (−2.49±5.31; P=0.001). YuPingFeng was well tolerated. Conclusion YuPingFeng granules can be considered as a treatment option for COPD; this treatment prevents acute exacerbations of COPD and has a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Jinping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Liwan Hospital of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, China Resource and Wisco General Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyan Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Repressed Exercise-Induced Hepcidin Levels after Danggui Buxue Tang Supplementation in Male Recreational Runners. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091318. [PMID: 30231484 PMCID: PMC6165347 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate the protective and recovery effects of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) supplementation on exercise performance, hepcidin, iron status, and other related biochemical parameters after being challenged by a single bout of intense aerobic exercise. A total of 36 recreationally active males were pair-matched and randomly assigned to receive DBT or a placebo for 11 days, while using clusters based on their aerobic capacities. On the eighth day of the supplementation, the participants performed a 13-km run with maximal effort. Blood and urine samples were collected and analysed before treatment (Pre-Tre) and immediately after (Post-Ex), 24 h after (24-h Rec), and 72 h after (72-h Rec) the run. DBT supplementation dramatically shortened the finish times by 14.0% (12.3 min) when compared with that in the placebo group. Significant group × time effects were observed in serum hepcidin and iron levels. DBT supplementation repressed hepcidin levels at Post-Ex and 24-h Rec, thereby causing a significant increase in iron levels by 63.3% and 31.4% at Post-Ex and 72-h Rec, respectively. However, DBT supplementation had no significant anti-inflammatory or haemolysis-preventative effects. Short-term DBT supplementation shortened the running time and repressed exercise-induced hepcidin levels, thereby boosting iron levels and accelerating iron homeostasis during recovery.
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Klosterhoff RR, Kanazawa LK, Furlanetto AL, Peixoto JV, Corso CR, Adami ER, Iacomini M, Fogaça RT, Acco A, Cadena SM, Andreatini R, Cordeiro LM. Anti-fatigue activity of an arabinan-rich pectin from acerola (Malpighia emarginata). Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:1147-1153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Exercise Combined with Rhodiola sacra Supplementation Improves Exercise Capacity and Ameliorates Exhaustive Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage through Enhancement of Mitochondrial Quality Control. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8024857. [PMID: 29359009 PMCID: PMC5735688 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8024857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence has firmly established that increased exercise capacity (EC) is associated with considerable improvements in the survival of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and that antistress capacity is a prognostic predictor of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with CVD. Previous studies have indicated that aerobic exercise (AE) and supplementation with Rhodiola sacra (RS), a natural plant pharmaceutical, improve EC and enable resistance to stress; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study explored the ability of AE and RS, alone or combined, to improve EC and ameliorate exhaustive exercise- (EE-) induced stress and elucidate the mechanism involved. We found that AE and RS significantly increased EC in mice and ameliorated EE-induced stress damage in skeletal and cardiac muscles (SCM); furthermore, a synergistic effect was detected for the first time. To our knowledge, the present work is the first to report that AE and RS activate mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and biogenesis in SCM, both in the resting state and after EE. These data indicate that AE and RS synergistically improve EC in mice and protect SCM from EE-induced stress by enhancing mitochondrial quality control, including the activation of mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and biogenesis, both at rest and after EE.
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Effects of Chinese Medicine as Adjunct Medication for Adjuvant Chemotherapy Treatments of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46524. [PMID: 28436479 PMCID: PMC5402288 DOI: 10.1038/srep46524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a combination medication with adjuvant chemotherapy on postoperative early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The 314 patients with completely resected stage IB, II or IIIA cancers were assigned into vinorelbine plus cisplatin/carboplatin (NP/NC) (control, n = 158) and NP/NC with additional TCM (intervention, n = 156) groups. The primary endpoint was QOL scores; secondary endpoints were the toxicity and safety of the regimens. The NP/NC regimen caused mild (grade 1 or 2) non-hematologic toxic effects in the patients comprising vomiting (43.6%), fatigue (36.9%), pain (23%), dry mouth (27.6%) and diarrhea (7.9%). The incidence of adverse events was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (0.57% vs 4.02%, P = 0.037). Transient severe (grade 3 or 4) hematological toxic effects occurred less often (hemoglobin reduction (11.9 vs 22.5 percent) and total bilirubin increased (to 42.1 vs 46.2%) in the intervention compared to the control group during the 2nd chemotherapy cycle. When combined with adjuvant chemotherapy, TCM led to partial relief of symptoms in addition to a reduction of side-effects and adverse events caused by the NP/NC regimens.
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Zamanian M, Hajizadeh MR, Esmaeili Nadimi A, Shamsizadeh A, Allahtavakoli M. Antifatigue effects of troxerutin on exercise endurance capacity, oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in trained male rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2017; 31:447-455. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zamanian
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Mohammad R. Hajizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences; 7719617996 Rafsanjan Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; 7719617996 Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili Nadimi
- Department of Cardiology; School of Medicine; Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences; 7719617996 Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Mohammad Allahtavakoli
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan Iran
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Sharif M, Sarvi S, Pagheh AS, Asfaram S, Rahimi MT, Mehrzadi S, Ahmadpour E, Gholami S, Daryani A. The efficacy of herbal medicines against Toxoplasma gondii during the last 3 decades: a systematic review. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:1237-1248. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to systematically review papers discussing the efficacy of medicinal herbs against Toxoplasma gondii. Data were systematically collected from published papers about the efficacy of herbs used against T. gondii globally from 1988 to 2015, from PubMed, Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus. Forty-nine papers were included in the current systematic review reporting the evaluation of medicinal plants against T. gondii globally, both in vitro and in vivo. Sixty-one plants were evaluated. Most of the studies were carried out on Artemisia annua. The second highest number of studies were carried out on Glycyrrhiza glabra extracts. RH and ME49 were the predominant parasite strains used. Additionally, Swiss-Webster and BALB/c mice were the major animal models used. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts were used more than other types of extracts. Natural compounds mentioned here may be developed as novel and more effective therapeutic agents that improve the treatment of toxoplasmosis due to their lower side effects, higher availability, and better cultural acceptance compared with those of the chemical drugs that are currently being used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Sharif
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Sari Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Sarvi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Sari Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abdol Sattar Pagheh
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Sari Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shabnam Asfaram
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Sari Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirzad Gholami
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Sari Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Sari Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Antifatigue and increasing exercise performance of Actinidia arguta crude alkaloids in mice. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:738-745. [PMID: 28911611 PMCID: PMC9337300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Lu L, Huang YF, Chen DX, Wang M, Zou YC, Wan H, Wei LB. Astragalus polysaccharides decrease muscle wasting through Akt/mTOR, ubiquitin proteasome and autophagy signalling in 5/6 nephrectomised rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 186:125-135. [PMID: 27049295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Existing evidences suggest that Radix Astragali and its polysaccharides composition (APS) can improve muscle mass, but the mechanisms need more research. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of APS on muscle wasting at molecular level in 5/6 nephrectomised rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed 5/6 nephrectomy or sham operation in 160 6-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats, and feed animals with or without 2% APS for 155 days. After treatment, we compared the change of weight, muscle fibre, protein metabolism, pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-15, CRP) and oxidative factors (MDA, SOD) among each group. In addition, we detected the Akt/mTOR, ubiquitin proteasome, autophagy signalling and AA transporters in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Data in vivo show 2% APS could alleviate weight loss and improve protein metabolism in nephrectomised rats. The levels of serum pro-inflammatory factors and oxidative factors were restored by APS treatment. In molecular levels, APS restored Akt/mTOR, MAFbx, MuRF1, Atg7, LC3B-II/LC3B-I and SLC38A2 which changed in nephrectomised rats. Data in vitro show the optimal dose of APS is 0.2mg/mL, and SLC38A2 siRNA attenuated the effects of 0.2mg/mL APS on atrophy and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested APS could improve muscle wasting through Akt/mTOR, ubiquitin proteasome and autophagy signalling, and SLC38A2 may be one of potential targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University TCM-Integrated Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan-Feng Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Shunde Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 528300, China
| | - De-Xiu Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University TCM-Integrated Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yu-Cong Zou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Heng Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Lian-Bo Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University TCM-Integrated Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Chang CC, Lee YC, Lin CC, Chang CH, Chiu CD, Chou LW, Sun MF, Yen HR. Characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine usage in patients with stroke in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 186:311-321. [PMID: 27090345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Stroke has been the leading causes of death worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for stoke patients for thousands of years. This study aimed to investigate TCM usage and prescription patterns in stroke patients in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed a random sample of one million individuals representing the 23 million enrollees selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Demographic characteristics, TCM usage, prescription patterns and mortality rate among stroke patients were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 23,816 patients who were newly diagnosed with stroke between 2001 and 2009 by their diagnostic codes (ICD-9-CM 430-438). Among them, 4302 patients had hemorrhagic stroke while 19,514 patients had ischemic stroke. Overall, 12% of the stroke patients (n=2862) were TCM users. The median interval between stroke onset to the first TCM consultation is 12.2 months. Among the TCM users, more than half (52.7%) of the patients received both Chinese herbal remedies and acupuncture/traumatology treatment. Bu-yang-huan-wu-tang and Dan-shen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae; Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) was the most commonly prescribed Chinese herbal formula and single herb, respectively. TCM users had a higher incidence rate ratio in myalgia, myositis, fasciitis and insomnia than non-TCM users. Mental disorders such as anxiety and depression are common in both TCM and non-TCM users. Comparing with the non-TCM users, the TCM users had a lower mortality rate (adjusted hazard ratios were 0.44 in overall stroke, 0.50 in ischemic stroke and 0.25 in hemorrhagic stroke). CONCLUSION Adjunctive TCM use may reduce the risk of mortality rate among stroke patients. Bu-yang-huan-wu-tang and Dan-shen are the most common prescribed Chinese herbal formula and single herb for stroke patients, respectively. Future study investigating the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective efficacy of Bu-yang-huan-wu-tang and Dan-shen in stroke is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Lee
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Chen Lin
- Health Data Management Office, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Hsien Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Di Chiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Wei Chou
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Chen YM, Lin CL, Wei L, Hsu YJ, Chen KN, Huang CC, Kao CH. Sake Protein Supplementation Affects Exercise Performance and Biochemical Profiles in Power-Exercise-Trained Mice. Nutrients 2016; 8:106. [PMID: 26907336 PMCID: PMC4772068 DOI: 10.3390/nu8020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise and fitness training programs have attracted the public’s attention in recent years. Sports nutrition supplementation is an important issue in the global sports market. Purpose: In this study, we designed a power exercise training (PET) program with a mouse model based on a strength and conditional training protocol for humans. We tested the effect of supplementation with functional branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-rich sake protein (SP) to determine whether the supplement had a synergistic effect during PET and enhanced athletic performance and resistance to fatigue. Methods: Male ICR mice were divided into three groups (n = 8 per group) for four-week treatment: sedentary controls with vehicle (SC), and PET and PET groups with SP supplementation (3.8 g/kg, PET + SP). Exercise performance was evaluated by forelimb grip strength and exhaustive swimming time as well as changes in body composition and anti-fatigue activity levels of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, and creatine kinase (CK) after a 15-min swimming exercise. The biochemical parameters were measured at the end of the experiment. Results: four-week PET significantly increased grip strength and exhaustive swimming time and decreased epididymal fat pad (EFP) weight and area. Levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and uric acid (UA) were significantly increased. PET + SP supplementation significantly decreased serum lactate, ammonia and CK levels after the 15-min swimming exercise. The resting serum levels of AST, ALT, CREA and UA were all significantly decreased with PET + SP. Conclusion: The PET program could increase the exercise performance and modulate the body composition of mice. PET with SP conferred better anti-fatigue activity, improved biochemical profiles, and may be an effective ergogenic aid in strength training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Li Lin
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-WanFang Hospital, Taipei City 11696, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ju Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Neng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Hsung Kao
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Industry Management, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
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Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Dysfunction of Mitochondrial Dynamics Induced by Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9573291. [PMID: 26881048 PMCID: PMC4737051 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9573291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper studied the chronic fatigue induced by excessive exercise and the restoration effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on mitochondria. In vivo, we found that excessive exercise could cause oxidative stress statue which led to morphological and functional changes of mitochondria. The changes, including imbalance between mitochondria fusion-fission processes, activation of mitophagy, and decrease of PGC-1α expression, could be restored by APS. We further confirmed in vitro, and what is more, we found that APS may ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction through Sirt1 pathway. Based on the results, we may figure out part of the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial amelioration by APS.
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Antifatigue Activity of Liquid Cultured Tricholoma matsutake Mycelium Partially via Regulation of Antioxidant Pathway in Mouse. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:562345. [PMID: 26697489 PMCID: PMC4677160 DOI: 10.1155/2015/562345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tricholoma matsutake has been popular as food and biopharmaceutical materials in Asian countries for its various pharmacological activities. The present study aims to analyze the antifatigue effects on enhancing exercise performance of Tricholoma matsutake fruit body (ABM) and liquid cultured mycelia (TM) in mouse model. Two-week Tricholoma matsutake treatment significantly enhances the exercise performance in weight-loaded swimming, rotating rod, and forced running test. In TM- and ABM-treated mice, some factors were observed at 60 min after swimming compared with nontreated mice, such as the increased levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), antioxidative enzymes, and glycogen and the reduced levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species in muscle, liver, and/or serum. Further data obtained from western blot show that CM and ABM have strongly enhanced the activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the expressions of peroxisome proliferator have activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) in liver. Our data suggest that both Tricholoma matsutake fruit body and liquid cultured mycelia possess antifatigue effects related to AMPK-linked antioxidative pathway. The information uncovered in our study may serve as a valuable resource for further identification and provide experimental evidence for clinical trials of Tricholoma matsutake as an effective agent against fatigue related diseases.
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Gupta A, Kumar S, Rajput R, Srivastava R, Rai RK, Sastry JLN. Evaluation of Ratnaprash for its effect on strength, stamina and fatigue using swim endurance test and biochemical estimation in swiss albino mice. Anc Sci Life 2015; 35:26-31. [PMID: 26600664 PMCID: PMC4623629 DOI: 10.4103/0257-7941.165626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Traditional medicines have been considered as important resources for postponing fatigue, accelerating elimination of fatigue related metabolites and improving physical ability. Rasāyanās or rejuvenative therapies are mentioned as one of the eight clinical specialties in Ayurveda for attaining longevity, healthy life and regulation of bodily balance. Eventhough more detailed studies are needed to confirm the claims of benefits in the light of evidence based research, Ratnaprash, a herbo-mineral rasāyana formulation, is proposed here to be an antifatigue supplement that is good in promoting strength and stamina. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, anti fatigue, strength and stamina enhancing properties of Ratnaprash were examined based on swim endurance capacity and the change in biochemical parameters in Swiss Albino mice. Treatment groups were orally administered Ratnaprash at various test doses (500, 1000, 2000 mg/Kg per day), while the control group received distilled water at similar dose volumes. Effect of therapy was evaluated after 28 days of treatment. RESULTS At the end of study period, the swimming times to exhaustion were longer in the treated groups than in the control group. Plasma lactate levels of treated groups were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05) while tissue ATP levels were higher. These effects were dose dependent and the strongest effect was seen in groups treated at 1000 mg/Kg. CONCLUSION Ratnaprash enhanced the forced swimming capacity of mice and exhibited elevated anti-fatigue activity, reduced blood lactate levels and increased tissue ATP levels in preclinical models in comparison to vehicle control, exhibiting possible role in increasing strength and stamina and contributing anti-fatigue activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Gupta
- Medical Affairs and Clinical Research Division, Dabur Research and Development Centre, Sahibabad (Ghaziabad), Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar
- Medical Affairs and Clinical Research Division, Dabur Research and Development Centre, Sahibabad (Ghaziabad), Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Rajput
- Pharmacology Division, Althea Life Sciences Limited, Adj. Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruchi Srivastava
- Medical Affairs and Clinical Research Division, Dabur Research and Development Centre, Sahibabad (Ghaziabad), Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajiv K Rai
- Formulations Division, Dabur Research and Development Centre, Sahibabad (Ghaziabad), Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - J L N Sastry
- Healthcare Research, Dabur Research and Development Centre, Sahibabad (Ghaziabad), Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yue Z, Xiuhong Z, Shuyan Y, Zhonghua Z. Effect of Inonotus Obliquus Polysaccharides on physical fatigue in mice. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2015; 35:468-72. [PMID: 26427119 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential beneficial effects of Inonotus obliquuspolysaccharides (IOP) on the alleviation of physical fatigue in mice. METHODS Sixty-four male mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 16 per group). Mice were orally administered IOP for a period of 14 days at 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg/d, and were assigned to the control, IOP-100, IOP-200, and IOP-300 groups, respectively by the random number table method. Mice in the control group received an oral administration of sterile distilled water. A forced swimming test was performed for 8 mice per group at one hour after the last treatment. The other 8 mice in each group swam for 30 min. Blood, liver and muscle samples were taken after resting for 30 min. Levels of blood urea nitrogen and lactate, as well as glycogen contents of the liver and muscle were measured. Morphology of liver was observed by light microscopy. RESULTS IOP extended the swimming time of mice, and increased the glycogen content of liver and muscle, but decreased blood lactic acid and serum urea nitrogen levels, IOP had no toxic effects on major organs such as the liver as assessed by histopathological examinations. CONCLUSION IOP might be a potential anti-fatigue pharmacological agent.
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The Mechanism Research of Qishen Yiqi Formula by Module-Network Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:497314. [PMID: 26379745 PMCID: PMC4561322 DOI: 10.1155/2015/497314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Qishen Yiqi formula (QSYQ) has the effect of tonifying Qi and promoting blood circulation, which is widely used to treat the cardiovascular diseases with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. However, the mechanism of QSYQ to tonify Qi and promote blood circulation is rarely reported at molecular or systems level. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of QSYQ based on the protein interaction network (PIN) analysis. The targets' information of the active components was obtained from ChEMBL and STITCH databases and was further used to search against protein-protein interactions by String database. Next, the PINs of QSYQ were constructed by Cytoscape and were analyzed by gene ontology enrichment analysis based on Markov Cluster algorithm. Finally, based on the topological parameters, the properties of scale-free, small world, and modularity of the QSYQ's PINs were analyzed. And based on function modules, the mechanism of QSYQ was elucidated. The results indicated that Qi-tonifying efficacy of QSYQ may be partly attributed to the regulation of amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and cAMP metabolism, while QSYQ improves the blood stasis through the regulation of blood coagulation and cardiac muscle contraction. Meanwhile, the “synergy” of formula compatibility was also illuminated.
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Lee JS, Kim HG, Han JM, Kim YA, Son CG. Anti-fatigue effect of Myelophil in a chronic forced exercise mouse model. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 764:100-108. [PMID: 26142828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the anti-fatigue effects of Myelophil. ICR male mice (10 weeks old) were forced to run for 1 hour, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Each running session was followed by administration of distilled water, Myelophil (50 or 100 mg/kg), or ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg) 1h later. Equal proportions of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix were extracted using 30% ethanol, and formulated into Myelophil. To evaluate the anti-fatigue effects of Myelophil, exercise tolerance and forced swimming tests were conducted. Underlying mechanisms, including oxidant-antioxidant balance, inflammatory response, and energy metabolism, were investigated by analyzing skeletal muscle tissues and/or sera. Myelophil significantly increased exercise ability and latency times, and decreased the number of electric shocks and immobility time on exercise tolerance and forced swimming tests compared with control group. Myelophil also significantly ameliorated fatigue-induced alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant capacity, as measured by multiple assays, including enzyme activity assays and western blotting, as well as alterations in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, Myelophil normalized alterations in energy metabolic markers in sera. These findings suggest that Myelophil reduces the effects of chronic fatigue, likely by attenuating oxidative and inflammatory responses and normalizing energy metabolism. Consequently, this study provides evidence for the clinical relevance of Myelophil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical Collage of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical Collage of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Han
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical Collage of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ae Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical Collage of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical Collage of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea.
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Oh HA, Kim DE, Choi HJ, Kim NJ, Kim DH. Anti-fatigue Effects of 20( S)-Protopanaxadiol and 20( S)-Protopanaxatriol in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:1415-9. [PMID: 26328499 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun A Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | | | - Hyuck Jai Choi
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center
| | - Nam Jae Kim
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center
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