1
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Xu J, Wei Z, Fang W, Wu J, Wang Y, Chen S. KKL-35 inhibits growth of Staphylococcus aureus by systematically changing bacterial phenotypes. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:350. [PMID: 38995446 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
KKL-35 is a new oxadiazole compound with potent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. However, its influences on bacterial growth are unclear. This study is to investigate phenotypic changes of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) caused by KKL-35 and evaluate antibacterial activity of combinations of KKL-35 with 7 class of antibiotics available in medical facilities. KKL-35-treated SA showed significantly lower survival under stresses of NaCl and H2O2 than DMSO (21.03 ± 2.60% vs. 68.21 ± 5.31% for NaCl, 4.91 ± 3.14% vs. 74.78 ± 2.88% for H2O2). UV exposure significantly decreased survival of SA treated with KKL-35 than DMSO-treated ones (23.91 ± 0.71% vs. 55.45 ± 4.70% for 4.2 J/m2, 12.80 ± 1.03% vs. 31.99 ± 5.99% for 7.0 J/m2, 1.52 ± 0.63% vs. 6.49 ± 0.51% for 14.0 J/m2). KKL-35 significantly decreased biofilm formation (0.47 ± 0.12 vs. 1.45 ± 0.21) and bacterial survival in the serum resistance assay (42.27 ± 2.77% vs. 78.31 ± 5.64%) than DMSO. KKL-35 significantly decreased ethidium bromide uptake and efflux, as well as the cell membrane integrity. KKL-35 had low cytotoxicity and low propensity for resistance. KKL-35 inhibited SA growth in concentration-independent and time-dependent manners, and showed additivity when combined with the majority class of available antibiotics. Antibiotic combinations of KKL-35 with ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, or linezolid significantly decreased bacterial loads than the most active antibiotic in the corresponding combination. Thus, KKL-35 inhibits growth of SA by decreasing bacterial environmental adaptations, biofilm formation, membrane uptake and efflux, as well as increasing antibiotic sensitivity. Its potent antibacterial activity, low cytotoxicity, low propensity for resistance, and wide choices in antibiotic combinations make KKL-35 a promising leading compound to design new antibiotics in monotherapies and combination therapies to treat bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The PLA 307 Clinical College, 5th Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zilan Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wendong Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The PLA 307 Clinical College, 5th Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shuiping Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The PLA 307 Clinical College, 5th Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.
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2
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Fang W, Xu J, Wei Z, Wu J, Wu W, Wang Y, Chen S. Enhancing bactericidal activities of ciprofloxacin by targeting the trans-translation system that is involved in stress responses in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:154. [PMID: 38478112 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Although the trans-translation system is a promising target for antcibiotic development, its antibacterial mechanism in Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is unclear. Considering that tmRNA was the core component of trans-translation, this study firstly investigated phenotypic changes caused by various environmental stresses in KP lacking trans-translation activities (tmRNA-deleted), and then aimed to evaluate antibacterial activities of the trans-translation-targeting antibiotic combination (tobramycin/ciprofloxacin) in clinical KP isolates based on inhibition activities of aminoglycosides against trans-translation. We found that the tmRNA-deleted strain P4325/ΔssrA was significantly more susceptible than the wild-type KP strain P4325 under environments with hypertonicity (0.5 and 1 M NaCl), hydrogen peroxide (40 mM), and UV irradiation. No significant differences in biofilm formation and survivals under human serum were observed between P4325/ΔssrA and P4325. tmRNA deletion caused twofold lower MIC values for aminoglycosides. As for the membrane permeability, tmRNA deletion increased ethidium bromide (EtBr) uptake of KP in the presence or absence of verapamil and carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), decreased EtBr uptake in presence of reserpine in P4325/ΔssrA, and reduced EtBr efflux in P4325/ΔssrA in the presence of CCCP. The time-kill curve and in vitro experiments revealed significant bactericidal activities of the tmRNA-targeting aminoglycoside-based antibiotic combination (tobramycin/ciprofloxacin). Thus, the corresponding tmRNA-targeting antibiotic combinations (aminoglycoside-based) might be effective and promising treatment options against multi-drug resistant KP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The PLA 307 Clinical College, Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The PLA 307 Clinical College, Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zilan Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Weihui Wu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | | | - Shuiping Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The PLA 307 Clinical College, Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.
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3
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Krátký M. Novel sulfonamide derivatives as a tool to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:545-562. [PMID: 38348480 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing resistance in Staphylococcus aureus has created a critical need for new drugs, especially those effective against methicillin-resistant strains (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]). Sulfonamides are a privileged scaffold for the development of novel antistaphylococcal agents. This review covers recent advances in sulfonamides active against MRSA. Based on the substitution patterns of sulfonamide moieties, its derivatives can be tuned for desired properties and biological activity. Contrary to the traditional view, not only N-monosubstituted 4-aminobenzenesulfonamides are effective. Novel sulfonamides have various mechanisms of action, not only 'classical' inhibition of the folate biosynthetic pathway. Some of them can overcome resistance to classical sulfa drugs and cotrimoxazole, are bactericidal and active in vivo. Hybrid compounds with distinct bioactive scaffolds are particularly advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krátký
- Department of Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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4
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Nie M, Alejandro Valdes-Pena M, Frohock BH, Smits E, Daiker JC, Gilbertie JM, Schnabel LV, Pierce JG. Expanded library of novel 2,3-pyrrolidinedione analogues exhibit anti-biofilm activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 99:129609. [PMID: 38191097 PMCID: PMC10872213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Herein we report a new library of 2,3-pyrrolidinedione analogues that expands on our previous report on the antimicrobial studies of this heterocyclic scaffold. The novel 2,3-pyrrolidinediones reported herein have been evaluated against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) biofilms, and this work constitutes our first report on the antibiofilm properties of this class of compounds. The antibiofilm activity of these 2,3-pyrrolidinediones has been assessed through minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) and minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) assays. The compounds displayed antibiofilm properties and represent intriguing scaffolds for further optimization and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Nie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - M Alejandro Valdes-Pena
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Bram H Frohock
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Emma Smits
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jennifer C Daiker
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jessica M Gilbertie
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Lauren V Schnabel
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Joshua G Pierce
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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5
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Asghar A, Khalid A, Baqar Z, Hussain N, Saleem MZ, Sairash, Rizwan K. An insights into emerging trends to control the threats of antimicrobial resistance (AMR): an address to public health risks. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:72. [PMID: 38252323 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial agents are used to treat microbial ailments, but increased use of antibiotics and exposure to infections in healthcare facilities and hospitals as well as the excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics at the society level lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered a public health concern and has rendered the treatment of different infections more challenging. The bacterial strains develop resistance against antimicrobial agents by limiting intracellular drug accumulation (increasing efflux or decreasing influx of antibiotics), modification and inactivation of drugs and its targets, enzymatic inhibition, and biofilm formation. However, the driving factors of AMR include the sociocultural and economic circumstances of a country, the use of falsified and substandard medicines, the use of antibiotics in farm animals, and food processing technologies. These factors make AMR one of the major menaces faced by mankind. In order to promote reciprocal learning, this article summarizes the current AMR situation in Pakistan and how it interacts with the health issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic aids in illuminating the possible long-term impacts of AMR, which are less immediate but not less severe since their measures and effects are equivalent. Impact on other sectors, including the health industry, the economy, and trade are also discussed. We conclude by summarizing the several approaches that could be used to address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Asghar
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-E-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneeza Khalid
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-E-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zulqarnain Baqar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Quaid-E-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zafar Saleem
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Quaid-E-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sairash
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan.
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6
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Balaguer F, Barrena M, Enrique M, Maicas M, Álvarez B, Tortajada M, Chenoll E, Ramón D, Martorell P. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ and Its Lipoteichoic Acid Modulate Longevity and Improve Age/Stress-Related Behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2107. [PMID: 38136226 PMCID: PMC10740966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased globally in recent decades, driving interest in maintaining a healthy life that includes preservation of physical and mental abilities, particularly in elderly people. The gut microbiome becomes increasingly perturbed with aging so the use of probiotics can be a strategy for maintaining a balanced gut microbiome. A previous report showed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ induces through its lipoteichoic acid (LTA) fat reduction activities via the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway. Here, we have delved into the mechanism of action, eliminating alternative pathways as putative mechanisms. Furthermore, we have identified that BPL1™, its heat treated form (BPL1™ HT) and its LTA prolong longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in an insulin/IGF-1-dependent mechanism, and its consumption improves the oxidative stress response, gut permeability and protection against pathogenic infections. Furthermore, positive effects on C. elegans stress-related behaviors and in the Alzheimer's Disease model were found, highlighting the potential of the strain in improving the cognitive functions and proteotoxicity in the nematode. These results indicate the pivotal role of the IGF-1 pathway in the activity of the strain and pave the way for potential applications of BPL1™, BPL1™ HT and its LTA in the field of longevity and age-related markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patricia Martorell
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health & Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain (M.B.); (M.E.); (M.T.); (E.C.)
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7
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Douglas EA, Marshall B, Alghamadi A, Joseph EA, Duggan S, Vittorio S, De Luca L, Serpi M, Laabei M. Improved Antibacterial Activity of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-Based Compounds That Restrict Staphylococcus aureus Growth Independent of LtaS Function. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2141-2159. [PMID: 37828912 PMCID: PMC10644342 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The lipoteichoic acid (LTA) biosynthesis pathway has emerged as a promising antimicrobial therapeutic target. Previous studies identified the 1,3,4 oxadiazole compound 1771 as an LTA inhibitor with activity against Gram-positive pathogens. We have succeeded in making six 1771 derivatives and, through subsequent hit validation, identified the incorporation of a pentafluorosulfanyl substituent as central in enhancing activity. Our newly described derivative, compound 13, showed a 16- to 32-fold increase in activity compared to 1771 when tested against a cohort of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains while simultaneously exhibiting an improved toxicity profile against mammalian cells. Molecular techniques were employed in which the assumed target, lipoteichoic acid synthase (LtaS), was both deleted and overexpressed. Neither deletion nor overexpression of LtaS altered 1771 or compound 13 susceptibility; however, overexpression of LtaS increased the MIC of Congo red, a previously identified LtaS inhibitor. These data were further supported by comparing the docking poses of 1771 and derivatives in the LtaS active site, which indicated the possibility of an additional target(s). Finally, we show that both 1771 and compound 13 have activity that is independent of LtaS, extending to cover Gram-negative species if the outer membrane is first permeabilized, challenging the classification that these compounds are strict LtaS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Marshall
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Arwa Alghamadi
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Erin A. Joseph
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Seána Duggan
- Medical
Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology at the University of
Exeter, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4DQ, U.K.
| | - Serena Vittorio
- Department
of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98125, Italy
| | - Laura De Luca
- Department
of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98125, Italy
| | - Michaela Serpi
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Maisem Laabei
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
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8
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Greenwich JL, Fleming D, Banin E, Häussler S, Kjellerup BV, Sauer K, Visick KL, Fuqua C. The biofilm community resurfaces: new findings and post-pandemic progress. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0016623. [PMID: 37756166 PMCID: PMC10601713 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00166-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ninth American Society for Microbiology Conference on Biofilms was convened in-person on 13-17 November 2022 in Charlotte, NC. As the first of these conferences since prior to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy among the participants of the conference was clear, and the meeting was a tremendous success. The mixture of >330 oral and poster presentations resoundingly embodied the vitality of biofilm research across a wide range of topics and multiple scientific disciplines. Special activities, including a pre-conference symposium for early career researchers, further enhanced the attendee experience. As a general theme, the conference was deliberately structured to provide high levels of participation and engagement among early career scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek Fleming
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ehud Banin
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | | | - Birthe V. Kjellerup
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Karin Sauer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Binghamton, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Karen L. Visick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Clay Fuqua
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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9
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Jeong GJ, Khan F, Tabassum N, Cho KJ, Kim YM. Controlling biofilm and virulence properties of Gram-positive bacteria by targeting wall teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:106941. [PMID: 37536571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Wall teichoic acid (WTA) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) are structural components of Gram-positive bacteria's peptidoglycan and cell membrane, which are mostly anionic glycopolymers. WTA confers numerous physiological, virulence, and pathogenic features to bacterial pathogens. It controls cell shape, cell division, and the localisation of autolytic enzymes and ion homeostasis. In the context of virulence and pathogenicity, it aids bacterial cell attachment and colonisation and protects against the host defence system and antibiotics. Having such a broad function in pathogenic bacteria's lifecycle, WTA/LTA become one of the potential targets for antibacterial agents to reduce bacterial infection in the host. The number of reports for targeting the WTA/LTA pathway has risen, mostly by focusing on three distinct targets: antivirulence targets, β-lactam potentiator targets, and essential targets. The current review looked at the role of WTA/LTA in biofilm development and virulence in a range of Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, alternate strategies, such as the application of natural and synthetic compounds that target the WTA/LTA pathway, have been thoroughly discussed. Moreover, the application of nanomaterials and a combination of drugs have also been discussed as a viable method for targeting the WTA/LTA in numerous Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, a future perspective for controlling bacterial infection by targeting the WTA/LTA is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Jae Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Maisat W, Yuki K. Volatile anesthetic isoflurane exposure facilitates Enterococcus biofilm infection. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23186. [PMID: 37665578 PMCID: PMC10495085 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301128r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the major pathogenic bacteria responsible for surgical site infections. Biofilm infections are major hospital-acquired infections. Previous studies suggested that ions could regulate biofilm formation in microbes. Volatile anesthetics, frequently administered in surgical setting, target ion channels. Here, we investigated the role of ion channels/transporters and volatile anesthetics in the biofilm formation by E. faecalis MMH594 strain and its ion transporter mutants. We found that a chloride transporter mutant significantly reduced biofilm formation compared to the parental strain. Downregulation of teichoic acid biosynthesis in the chloride transporter mutant impaired biofilm matrix formation and cellular adhesion, leading to mitigated biofilm formation. Among anesthetics, isoflurane exposure enhanced biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. The upregulation of de novo purine biosynthesis pathway by isoflurane exposure potentially enhanced biofilm formation, an essential process for DNA, RNA, and ATP synthesis. We also demonstrated that isoflurane exposure to E. faecalis increased cyclic-di-AMP and extracellular DNA production, consistent with the increased purine biosynthesis. We further showed that isoflurane enhanced the enzymatic activity of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPP-S). With the hypothesis that isoflurane directly bound to PRPP-S, we predicted isoflurane binding site on it using rigid docking. Our study provides a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of E. faecalis biofilm formation and highlights the potential impact of an ion transporter and volatile anesthetic on this process. These findings may lead to the development of novel strategies for preventing E. faecalis biofilm formation and improving patient outcomes in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiriya Maisat
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Koichi Yuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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11
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Serpi M, Pertusati F, Morozzi C, Novelli G, Giannantonio D, Duggan K, Vittorio S, Fallis IA, De Luca L, Williams D. Synthesis, molecular docking and antibacterial activity of an oxadiazole-based lipoteichoic acid inhibitor and its metabolites. J Mol Struct 2023; 1278:None. [PMID: 38312219 PMCID: PMC10836577 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Amongst drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen of great concern as it is the leading cause of life-threatening nosocomial and community acquired infections which are often associated with implanted medical devices. The biosynthesis of lipotheicoic acid (LTA) by S. aureus has been recognized as a promising antibacterial target, owing its critical role in the growth and survival of Gram-positive bacteria. Here we report for the first time the chemical synthesis and characterisation of an oxadiazole based compound (1771), previously described as an inhibitor of LTA biosynthesis by targeting Lta synthase enzyme (LtaS). To investigate its controversial mode of action, we also performed molecular docking studies, which indicated that 1771 behaves as a competitive inhibitor against LtaS. We also synthesised and evaluated the antimicrobial activity of 1771 metabolites which we have identified from its decomposition in mouse serum, proving that the biological activity was caused by intact 1771.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Serpi
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Pertusati
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, King Edwards VII avenue, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Morozzi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, King Edwards VII avenue, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Novelli
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, King Edwards VII avenue, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Giannantonio
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, King Edwards VII avenue, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina Duggan
- Oral and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Vittorio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina I-98125, Italy
| | - Ian A. Fallis
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Laura De Luca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina I-98125, Italy
| | - David Williams
- Oral and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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12
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Serrapeptase impairs biofilm, wall, and phospho-homeostasis of resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1373-1389. [PMID: 36635396 PMCID: PMC9898353 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are implicated in hospital infections due to elevated antibiotic and host immune system resistance. Molecular components of cell wall including amyloid proteins, peptidoglycans (PGs), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) are crucial for biofilm formation and tolerance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Significance of alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) for biofilm formation has been recorded. Serrapeptase (SPT), a protease of Serratia marcescens, possesses antimicrobial properties similar or superior to those of many antibiotics. In the present study, SPT anti-biofilm activity was demonstrated against S. aureus (ATCC 25923, methicillin-susceptible strain, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA)) and MRSA (ST80), with IC50 values of 0.67 μg/mL and 7.70 μg/mL, respectively. SPT affected bacterial viability, causing a maximum inhibition of - 46% and - 27%, respectively. Decreased PGs content at [SPT] ≥ 0.5 μg/mL and ≥ 8 μg/mL was verified for MSSA and MRSA, respectively. In MSSA, LTA levels decreased significantly (up to - 40%) at lower SPT doses but increased at the highest dose of 2 μg/mL, a counter to spectacularly increased cellular and secreted LTA levels in MRSA. SPT also reduced amyloids of both strains. Additionally, intracellular ALP activity decreased in both MSSA and MRSA (up to - 85% and - 89%, respectively), while extracellular activity increased up to + 482% in MSSA and + 267% in MRSA. Altered levels of DING proteins, which are involved in phosphate metabolism, in SPT-treated bacteria, were also demonstrated here, implying impaired phosphorus homeostasis. The differential alterations in the studied molecular aspects underline the differences between MSSA and MRSA and offer new insights in the treatment of resistant bacterial biofilms. KEY POINTS: • SPT inhibits biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus. • SPT treatment decreases bacterial viability, ALP activity, and cell wall composition. • SPT-treated bacteria present altered levels of phosphate-related DING proteins.
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13
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Ye J, Chen X. Current Promising Strategies against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010067. [PMID: 36671268 PMCID: PMC9854991 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are one of the major global health challenges of our time. In addition to developing new antibiotics to combat ARB, sensitizing ARB, or pursuing alternatives to existing antibiotics are promising options to counter antibiotic resistance. This review compiles the most promising anti-ARB strategies currently under development. These strategies include the following: (i) discovery of novel antibiotics by modification of existing antibiotics, screening of small-molecule libraries, or exploration of peculiar places; (ii) improvement in the efficacy of existing antibiotics through metabolic stimulation or by loading a novel, more efficient delivery systems; (iii) development of alternatives to conventional antibiotics such as bacteriophages and their encoded endolysins, anti-biofilm drugs, probiotics, nanomaterials, vaccines, and antibody therapies. Clinical or preclinical studies show that these treatments possess great potential against ARB. Some anti-ARB products are expected to become commercially available in the near future.
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14
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Formation of biofilm changed the responses of Tetragenococcus halophilus to ethanol stress revealed by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Zhou J, Cai Y, Liu Y, An H, Deng K, Ashraf MA, Zou L, Wang J. Breaking down the cell wall: Still an attractive antibacterial strategy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:952633. [PMID: 36212892 PMCID: PMC9544107 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.952633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the advent of penicillin, humans have known about and explored the phenomenon of bacterial inhibition via antibiotics. However, with changes in the global environment and the abuse of antibiotics, resistance mechanisms have been selected in bacteria, presenting huge threats and challenges to the global medical and health system. Thus, the study and development of new antimicrobials is of unprecedented urgency and difficulty. Bacteria surround themselves with a cell wall to maintain cell rigidity and protect against environmental insults. Humans have taken advantage of antibiotics to target the bacterial cell wall, yielding some of the most widely used antibiotics to date. The cell wall is essential for bacterial growth and virulence but is absent from humans, remaining a high-priority target for antibiotic screening throughout the antibiotic era. Here, we review the extensively studied targets, i.e., MurA, MurB, MurC, MurD, MurE, MurF, Alr, Ddl, MurI, MurG, lipid A, and BamA in the cell wall, starting from the very beginning to the latest developments to elucidate antimicrobial screening. Furthermore, recent advances, including MraY and MsbA in peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide, and tagO, LtaS, LspA, Lgt, Lnt, Tol-Pal, MntC, and OspA in teichoic acid and lipoprotein, have also been profoundly discussed. The review further highlights that the application of new methods such as macromolecular labeling, compound libraries construction, and structure-based drug design will inspire researchers to screen ideal antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Zhou
- The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Haoyue An
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Kaihong Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Muhammad Awais Ashraf
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Lili Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Wang,
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16
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Sionov RV, Steinberg D. Targeting the Holy Triangle of Quorum Sensing, Biofilm Formation, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogenic Bacteria. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1239. [PMID: 35744757 PMCID: PMC9228545 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic and recurrent bacterial infections are frequently associated with the formation of biofilms on biotic or abiotic materials that are composed of mono- or multi-species cultures of bacteria/fungi embedded in an extracellular matrix produced by the microorganisms. Biofilm formation is, among others, regulated by quorum sensing (QS) which is an interbacterial communication system usually composed of two-component systems (TCSs) of secreted autoinducer compounds that activate signal transduction pathways through interaction with their respective receptors. Embedded in the biofilms, the bacteria are protected from environmental stress stimuli, and they often show reduced responses to antibiotics, making it difficult to eradicate the bacterial infection. Besides reduced penetration of antibiotics through the intricate structure of the biofilms, the sessile biofilm-embedded bacteria show reduced metabolic activity making them intrinsically less sensitive to antibiotics. Moreover, they frequently express elevated levels of efflux pumps that extrude antibiotics, thereby reducing their intracellular levels. Some efflux pumps are involved in the secretion of QS compounds and biofilm-related materials, besides being important for removing toxic substances from the bacteria. Some efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) have been shown to both prevent biofilm formation and sensitize the bacteria to antibiotics, suggesting a relationship between these processes. Additionally, QS inhibitors or quenchers may affect antibiotic susceptibility. Thus, targeting elements that regulate QS and biofilm formation might be a promising approach to combat antibiotic-resistant biofilm-related bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- The Biofilm Research Laboratory, The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, The Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
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17
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Membrane acting Povarov-Doebner derived compounds potently disperse preformed multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterial biofilms. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114550. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Naclerio GA, Abutaleb NS, Onyedibe KI, Karanja C, Eldesouky HE, Liang HW, Dieterly A, Aryal UK, Lyle T, Seleem MN, Sintim HO. Mechanistic Studies and In Vivo Efficacy of an Oxadiazole-Containing Antibiotic. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6612-6630. [PMID: 35482444 PMCID: PMC9124606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are still difficult to treat, despite the availability of many FDA-approved antibiotics. Thus, new compound scaffolds are still needed to treat MRSA. The oxadiazole-containing compound, HSGN-94, has been shown to reduce lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in S. aureus, but the mechanism that accounts for LTA biosynthesis inhibition remains uncharacterized. Herein, we report the elucidation of the mechanism by which HSGN-94 inhibits LTA biosynthesis via utilization of global proteomics, activity-based protein profiling, and lipid analysis via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Our data suggest that HSGN-94 inhibits LTA biosynthesis via direct binding to PgcA and downregulation of PgsA. We further show that HSGN-94 reduces the MRSA load in skin infection (mouse) and decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines in MRSA-infected wounds. Collectively, HSGN-94 merits further consideration as a potential drug for staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Naclerio
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kenneth I Onyedibe
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Caroline Karanja
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hassan E Eldesouky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hsin-Wen Liang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Alexandra Dieterly
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tiffany Lyle
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Center for Comparative Translational Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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19
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Stincone P, Fonseca Veras F, Micalizzi G, Donnarumma D, Vitale Celano G, Petras D, de Angelis M, Mondello L, Brandelli A. Listeria monocytogenes exposed to antimicrobial peptides displays differential regulation of lipids and proteins associated to stress response. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:263. [PMID: 35482131 PMCID: PMC11071860 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With the onset of Listeria monocytogenes resistance to the bacteriocin nisin, the search for alternative antimicrobial treatments is of fundamental importance. In this work, we set out to investigate proteins and lipids involved in the resistance mechanisms of L. monocytogenes against the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) nisin and fengycin. The effect of sub-lethal concentrations of nisin and lipopeptide fengycin secreted by Bacillus velezensis P34 on L. monocytogenes was investigated by mass spectrometry-based lipidomics and proteomics. Both AMPs caused a differential regulation of biofilm formation, confirming the promotion of cell attachment and biofilm assembling after treatment with nisin, whereas growth inhibition was observed after fengycin treatment. Anteiso branched-chain fatty acids were detected in higher amounts in fengycin-treated samples (46.6%) as compared to nisin-treated and control samples (39.4% and 43.4%, respectively). In addition, a higher relative abundance of 30:0, 31:0 and 32:0 phosphatidylglycerol species was detected in fengycin-treated samples. The lipidomics data suggest the inhibition of biofilm formation by the fengycin treatment, while the proteomics data revealed downregulation of important cell wall proteins involved in the building of biofilms, such as the lipoteichoic acid backbone synthesis (Lmo0927) and the flagella-related (Lmo0718) proteins among others. Together, these results provide new insights into the modification of lipid and protein profiles and biofilm formation in L. monocytogenes upon exposure to antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Stincone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, ICTA-UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fonseca Veras
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, ICTA-UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Micalizzi
- Chromaleont S.R.L., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, viale Annunziata, 98168, Polo AnnunziataMessina, Italy
| | - Danilo Donnarumma
- Chromaleont S.R.L., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, viale Annunziata, 98168, Polo AnnunziataMessina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Vitale Celano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Prov. le Casamassima, km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniel Petras
- CMFI Cluster of Excellence, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria de Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Chromaleont S.R.L., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, viale Annunziata, 98168, Polo AnnunziataMessina, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, ICTA-UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil.
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20
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Naclerio GA, Onyedibe KI, Karanja CW, Aryal UK, Sintim HO. Comparative Studies to Uncover Mechanisms of Action of N-(1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamide Containing Antibacterial Agents. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:865-877. [PMID: 35297603 PMCID: PMC9188027 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacterial pathogens still cause high levels of mortality annually despite the availability of many antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is especially problematic, and the rise in resistance to front-line treatments like vancomycin and linezolid calls for new chemical modalities to treat chronic and relapsing MRSA infections. Halogenated N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides are an interesting class of antimicrobial agents, which have been described by multiple groups to be effective against different bacterial pathogens. The modes of action of a few N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides have been elucidated. For example, oxadiazoles KKL-35 and MBX-4132 have been described as inhibitors of trans-translation (a ribosome rescue pathway), while HSGN-94 was shown to inhibit lipoteichoic acid (LTA). However, other similarly halogenated N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides neither inhibit trans-translation nor LTA biosynthesis but are potent antimicrobial agents. For example, HSGN-220, -218, and -144 are N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides that are modified with OCF3, SCF3, or SF5 and have remarkable minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 1 to 0.06 μg/mL against MRSA clinical isolates and show a low propensity to develop resistance to MRSA over 30 days. The mechanism of action of these highly potent oxadiazoles is however unknown. To provide insights into how these halogenated N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides inhibit bacterial growth, we performed global proteomics and RNA expression analysis of some essential genes of S. aureus treated with HSGN-220, -218, and -144. These studies revealed that the oxadiazoles HSGN-220, -218, and -144 are multitargeting antibiotics that regulate menaquinone biosynthesis and other essential proteins like DnaX, Pol IIIC, BirA, LexA, and DnaC. In addition, these halogenated N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides were able to depolarize bacterial membranes and regulate siderophore biosynthesis and heme regulation. Iron starvation appears to be part of the mechanism of action that led to bacterial killing. This study demonstrates that N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides are indeed privileged scaffolds for the development of antibacterial agents and that subtle modifications lead to changes to the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Naclerio
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kenneth I. Onyedibe
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Caroline W. Karanja
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Uma K. Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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21
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Bisdemethoxycurcumin Reduces Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Expression of Virulence-Related Exoproteins and Inhibits the Biofilm Formation. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110804. [PMID: 34822588 PMCID: PMC8625963 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen of nosocomial infection, which is resistant to most antibiotics. Presently, anti-virulence therapy and anti-biofilm therapy are considered to be promising alternatives. In the current work, we investigated the influence of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) on the virulence-related exoproteins and the biofilm formation using a reference strain and clinic isolated strains. Western blotting, quantitative RT-PCR, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release assay were performed to assess the efficacy of BDMC in reducing the expression of Staphylococcus enterotoxin-related exoproteins (enterotoxin A, enterotoxin B) and α-toxin in MRSA. The anti-biofilm activity of BDMC was evaluated through a biofilm inhibition assay. The study suggests that sub-inhibitory concentrations of BDMC significantly inhibited the expression of sea, seb, and hla at the mRNA level in MRSA. Moreover, the expression of virulence-related exoproteins was significantly decreased by down-regulating accessory gene regulator agr, and the inhibition of biofilms formation was demonstrated by BDMC at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Consequently, the study suggests that BDMC may be a potential natural antibacterial agent to release the pressure brought by antibiotic resistance.
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22
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Víglaš J, Dobiasová S, Viktorová J, Ruml T, Repiská V, Olejníková P, Gbelcová H. Peptaibol-Containing Extracts of Trichoderma atroviride and the Fight against Resistant Microorganisms and Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196025. [PMID: 34641569 PMCID: PMC8512731 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fighting resistance to antibiotics and chemotherapeutics has brought bioactive peptides to the fore. Peptaibols are short α-aminoisobutyric acid-containing peptides produced by Trichoderma species. Here, we studied the production of peptaibols by Trichoderma atroviride O1 and evaluated their antibacterial and anticancer activity against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant bacterium and cancer cell lines. This was substantiated by an analysis of the activity of the peptaibol synthetase-encoding gene. Atroviridins, 20-residue peptaibols were detected using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to peptaibol-containing extracts of T. atroviride O1. A synergic effect of extract constituents was possible, and the biolo-gical activity of extracts was pronounced in/after the peak of peptaibol synthetase activity. The growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was reduced to just under 10% compared to the control. The effect of peptaibol-containing extracts was strongly modulated by the lipoteichoic acid and only slightly by the horse blood serum present in the cultivation medium. Peptaibol-containing extracts affected the proliferation of human breast cancer and human ovarian cancer cell lines in a 2D model, including the multidrug-resistant sublines. The peptaibols influenced the size and compactness of the cell lines in a 3D model. Our findings indicate the molecular basis of peptaibol production in T. atroviride O1 and the potential of its peptaibol-containing extracts as antimicrobial/anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Víglaš
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Chemical Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Simona Dobiasová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.D.); (J.V.); (T.R.)
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.D.); (J.V.); (T.R.)
| | - Tomáš Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.D.); (J.V.); (T.R.)
| | - Vanda Repiská
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Petra Olejníková
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Chemical Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Helena Gbelcová
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.R.); (H.G.)
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Bai X, Nakatsu CH, Bhunia AK. Bacterial Biofilms and Their Implications in Pathogenesis and Food Safety. Foods 2021; 10:2117. [PMID: 34574227 PMCID: PMC8472614 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is an integral part of the microbial life cycle in nature. In food processing environments, bacterial transmissions occur primarily through raw or undercooked foods and by cross-contamination during unsanitary food preparation practices. Foodborne pathogens form biofilms as a survival strategy in various unfavorable environments, which also become a frequent source of recurrent contamination and outbreaks of foodborne illness. Instead of focusing on bacterial biofilm formation and their pathogenicity individually, this review discusses on a molecular level how these two physiological processes are connected in several common foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli. In addition, biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is discussed because it aids the persistence of many foodborne pathogens forming polymicrobial biofilms on food contact surfaces, thus significantly elevating food safety and public health concerns. Furthermore, in-depth analyses of several bacterial molecules with dual functions in biofilm formation and pathogenicity are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Bai
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Cindy H. Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Arun K. Bhunia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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24
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Glomb T, Świątek P. Antimicrobial Activity of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6979. [PMID: 34209520 PMCID: PMC8268636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide development of antimicrobial resistance forces scientists to search for new compounds to which microbes would be sensitive. Many new structures contain the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, which have shown various antimicrobial activity, e.g., antibacterial, antitubercular, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antiviral. In many publications, the activity of new compounds exceeds the activity of already known antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents, so their potential as new drugs is very promising. The review of active antimicrobial 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives is based on the literature from 2015 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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25
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Grande R, Carradori S. Novel Biologically Active Molecules, Biomaterials, and Nanoparticles for Microbial Biofilm Control in Human Medicine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092749. [PMID: 34067036 PMCID: PMC8125000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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26
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Fisher JF, Mobashery S. β-Lactams against the Fortress of the Gram-Positive Staphylococcus aureus Bacterium. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3412-3463. [PMID: 33373523 PMCID: PMC8653850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biological diversity of the unicellular bacteria-whether assessed by shape, food, metabolism, or ecological niche-surely rivals (if not exceeds) that of the multicellular eukaryotes. The relationship between bacteria whose ecological niche is the eukaryote, and the eukaryote, is often symbiosis or stasis. Some bacteria, however, seek advantage in this relationship. One of the most successful-to the disadvantage of the eukaryote-is the small (less than 1 μm diameter) and nearly spherical Staphylococcus aureus bacterium. For decades, successful clinical control of its infection has been accomplished using β-lactam antibiotics such as the penicillins and the cephalosporins. Over these same decades S. aureus has perfected resistance mechanisms against these antibiotics, which are then countered by new generations of β-lactam structure. This review addresses the current breadth of biochemical and microbiological efforts to preserve the future of the β-lactam antibiotics through a better understanding of how S. aureus protects the enzyme targets of the β-lactams, the penicillin-binding proteins. The penicillin-binding proteins are essential enzyme catalysts for the biosynthesis of the cell wall, and understanding how this cell wall is integrated into the protective cell envelope of the bacterium may identify new antibacterials and new adjuvants that preserve the efficacy of the β-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed F Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, McCourtney Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, McCourtney Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame Indiana 46556, United States
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27
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Tatta ER, Kumavath R. Rhodethrin and Rubrivivaxin as potential source of anti-biofilm agents against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19443). Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104457. [PMID: 32828902 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is frequently present in the hospital environment and readily forms a biofilm that protects from antibiotics and resistance against environmental stress conditions, thereby increasing nosocomial chronic infections. This study aims to assess antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of two novel terpenoid derivatives Rhodethrin (Rdn) and Rubrivivaxin (Rbn) against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis strain (ATCC19443). Both terpenoids effectively prevent biofilm formation with >75% attenuation in cell biomass and significantly decrease the production of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) (p = 0.005) and besides their expansion on different surface media. The findings provide new evidence that such terpenoid derivatives could be developed as novel antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswar Rao Tatta
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O), Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O), Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India.
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