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El-Sharkawy RM, El-Hadary AE, Essawy HS, El-Sayed ASA. Rutin of Moringa oleifera as a potential inhibitor to Agaricus bisporus tyrosinase as revealed from the molecular dynamics of inhibition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20131. [PMID: 39209920 PMCID: PMC11362471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a binuclear copper-containing enzyme that catalyzes the conversation of monophenols to diphenols via o-hydroxylation and then the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones which is profoundly linked to eukaryotic melanin synthesis and fruits browning. The hyperpigmentation due to unusual tyrosinase activity has gained growing health concern. Plants and their metabolites are considered promising and effective sources for potent antityrosinase enzymes. Hence, searching for potent, specific tyrosinase inhibitor from different plant extracts is an alternative approach in regulating overproduction of tyrosinase. Among the tested extracts, the hydro-alcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera L. leaves displayed the potent anti-tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 98.93 µg/ml) in a dose-dependent manner using L-DOPA as substrate; however, the kojic acid showed IC50 of 88.92 µg/ml. The tyrosinase-diphenolase (TYR-Di) kinetic analysis revealed mixed inhibition type for the Ocimum basilicum L. and Artemisia annua L. extracts, while the Coriandrum sativum L. extract displayed a non-competitive type of inhibition. Interestingly, the extract of Moringa oleifera L. leaves exhibited a competitive inhibition, low inhibition constant of free enzyme ( K ii app ) value and no Pan-Assay Interfering Substances, hinting the presence of strong potent inhibitors. The major putative antityrosinase compound in the extract was resolved, and chemically identified as rutin based on various spectroscopic analyses using UV-Vis, FTIR, mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR. The in silico computational molecular docking has been performed using rutin and A. bisporus tyrosinase (PDB code: 2Y9X). The binding energy of the predicted interaction between tropolone native ligand, kojic acid, and rutin against 2Y9X was respectively - 5.28, - 4.69, and - 7.75 kcal/mol. The docking simulation results revealed the reliable binding of rutin to the amino acid residues (ASN260, HIS259, SER282) in the tyrosinase catalytic site. Based on the developed results, rutin extracted from M. oleifera L. leaves has the capability to be powerful anti-pigment agent with a potential application in cosmeceutical area. In vivo studies are required to unravel the safety and efficiency of rutin as antityrosinase compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyad M El-Sharkawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt
| | - Abdalla E El-Hadary
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Heba S Essawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab (EFBL), Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Refaat S, Fikry E, Tawfeek N, El-Sayed ASA, El-Domiaty MM, El-Shafae AM. Production and bioprocessing of epothilone B from Aspergillus niger, an endophyte of Latania loddegesii, with a conceivable biosynthetic stability: anticancer, anti-wound healing activities and cell cycle analysis. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:229. [PMID: 39152399 PMCID: PMC11328370 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02495-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Epothilones are one of the common prescribed anticancer drugs for solid tumors, for their exceptional binding affinity with β-tubulin microtubule, stabilizing their disassembly, causing an ultimate arrest to the cellular growth. Epothilones were initially isolated from Sornagium cellulosum, however, their extremely slow growth rate and low yield of epothilone is the challenge. So, screening for a novel fungal endophyte dwelling medicinal plants, with higher epothilone productivity and feasibility of growth manipulation was the objective. Aspergillus niger EFBL-SR OR342867, an endophyte of Latania loddegesii, has been recognized as the heady epothilone producer (140.2 μg/L). The chemical structural identity of the TLC-purified putative sample of A. niger was resolved from the HPLC, FTIR and LC-ESI-MS/MS analyses, with an identical molecular structure of the authentic epothilone B. The purified A. niger epothilone B showed a resilient activity against MCF-7 (0.022 μM), HepG-2 (0.037 μM), and HCT-116 (0.12 μM), with selectivity indices 21.8, 12.9 and 4, respectively. The purified epothilone B exhibited a potential anti-wound healing activity to HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells by ~ 54.07 and 60.0%, respectively, after 24 h, compared to the untreated cells. The purified epothilone has a significant antiproliferative effect by arresting the cellular growth of MCF-7 at G2/M phase by ~ 2.1 folds, inducing the total apoptosis by ~ 12.2 folds, normalized to the control cells. The epothilone B productivity by A. niger was optimized by the response surface methodology, with ~ 1.4 fold increments (266.9 μg/L), over the control. The epothilone productivity by A. niger was reduced by ~ 2.4 folds by 6 months storage as a slope culture at 4 °C, however, the epothilone productivity was slightly restored with ethylacetate extracts of L. loddegesii, confirming the plant-derived chemical signals that partially triggers the biosynthetic genes of A. niger epothilones. So, this is the first report emphasizing the metabolic potency of A. niger, an endophyte of L. loddegesii, to produce epothilone B, that could be a new platform for industrial production of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Refaat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Eman Fikry
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Nora Tawfeek
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Maher M El-Domiaty
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Azza M El-Shafae
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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El-Hady NAAA, ElSayed AI, Wadan KM, El-Saadany SS, El-Sayed ASA. Bioprocessing of camptothecin from Alternaria brassicicola, an endophyte of Catharanthus roseus, with a strong antiproliferative activity and inhibition to Topoisomerases. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:214. [PMID: 39060918 PMCID: PMC11282713 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Suppression of fungal camptothecin (CPT) biosynthesis with the preservation and successive subculturing is the challenge that impedes fungi from the industrial application, so, screening for a novel fungal isolate with a conceivable stable producing potency of CPT was the main objective of this work. Catharanthus roseus with diverse contents of bioactive metabolites could have a plethora of novel endophytes with unique metabolic properties. Among the endophytes of C. roseus, Alternaria brassicicola EFBL-NV OR131587.1 was the highest CPT producer (96.5 μg/L). The structural identity of the putative CPT was verified by HPLC, FTIR, HNMR and LC-MS/MS, with a molecular mass 349 m/z, and molecular fragmentation patterns that typically identical to the authentic one. The purified A. brassicicola CPT has a strong antiproliferative activity towards UO-31 (0.75 μM) and MCF7 (3.2 μM), with selectivity index 30.8, and 7.1, respectively, in addition to resilient activity to inhibit Topo II (IC50 value 0.26 nM) than Topo 1 (IC50 value 3.2 nM). The purified CPT combat the wound healing of UO-31 cells by ~ 52%, stops their matrix formation, cell migration and metastasis. The purified CPT arrest the cellular division of the UO-31 at the S-phase, and inducing their cellular apoptosis by ~ 20.4 folds, compared to the control cells. Upon bioprocessing with the surface response methodology, the CPT yield by A. brassicicola was improved by ~ 3.3 folds, compared to control. The metabolic potency of synthesis of CPT by A. brassicicola was attenuated with the fungal storage and subculturing, losing ~ 50% of their CPT productivity by the 6th month of storage and 6th generation. Practically, the CPT productivity of the attenuated A. brassicicola was restored by addition of 1% surface sterilized leaves of C. roseus, ensuring the eliciting of cryptic gene cluster of A. brassicicola CPT via the plant microbiome-A. brassicicola interactions. So, for the first time, a novel endophytic isolate A. brassicicola, from C. roseus, was explored to have a relatively stable CPT biosynthetic machinery, with an affordable feasibility to restore their CPT productivity using C. roseus microbiome, in addition to the unique affinity of the extracted CPT to inhibit Topoisomerase I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran A A Abd El-Hady
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Abdelaleim I ElSayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Khalid M Wadan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Sayed S El-Saadany
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Bharathi VU, Thambidurai S. Phytofabrication of biocompatible chitosan-based ZnO nanocomposite aided by Cissus quadrangularis extract enriched with antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132677. [PMID: 38820903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
A dynamic chitosan-based ZnO nanocomposite (NC) was fabricated via a cost-effective formulation and an eco-friendly procedure utilizing Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) plant extract. This study investigates the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, together with the cytocompatibility aspects of chitosan-incorporated ZnO nanocomposite (CS-ZnO/CQE). The formation and structural morphology of the nanocomposites were examined using FTIR, UV-Vis, XRD, XPS, BET, TGA, SEM, and TEM techniques. The antibacterial test results demonstrated the greatest inhibitory zone diameter against S. aureus (19 ± 1.00 mm) and E. coli (17 ± 1.05 mm), assessed through agar well diffusion method. Also, the composite exhibited a DPPH inhibition rate of 78.7 ± 0.34 %, indicating its high effectiveness in neutralizing free radicals. In addition, the nanocomposite exhibited less toxicity towards human erythrocytes, HDF and HEK-293 cells as a result of the biocompatibility exhibited by CS, ZnO, and CQ plant extract. Likewise, it has exceptional cell migratory capacity and possesses biodegradability factors. These observations strongly suggest the potential of CS-ZnO/CQE as a cutting-edge antibacterial and antioxidant agent to be implemented in the medical sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Umaiya Bharathi
- Bio-nanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Thambidurai
- Bio-nanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gwad MMA, El-Sayed ASA, Abdel-Fattah GM, Abdelmoteleb M, Abdel-Fattah GG. Potential fungicidal and antiaflatoxigenic effects of cinnamon essential oils on Aspergillus flavus inhabiting the stored wheat grains. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:394. [PMID: 38741071 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05065-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the essential crops for the human and animal nutrition, however, contamination with aflatoxigenic fungi, due to the improper storage conditions and high humidity, was the main global threats. So, preventing the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi in stored wheat grains, by using different essential oils was the main objective of this work. Aspergillus flavus EFBL-MU12 PP087400, EFBL-MU23 PP087401 and EFBL-MU36 PP087403 isolates were the most potent aflatoxins producers inhabiting wheat grains. The effect of storage conditions of wheat grains "humidity, temperature, incubation period, and pH" on growth of A. flavus, was assessed by the response surface methodology using Plackett-Burman design and FCCD. The highest yield of aflatoxins EFBL-MU12 B1 and B2 by A. flavus grown on wheat grains were 145.3 and 7.6 μg/kg, respectively, at incubation temperature 35°C, 16% moisture contents, initial pH 5.0, and incubated for 14 days. The tested oils had a powerful antifungal activity for the growth and aflatoxins production by A. flavus in a concentration-dependent manner. Among these oils, cinnamon oil had the highest fungicidal activity for A. flavus at 0.125%, with about 85-90 % reduction to the aflatoxins B1 and B2, conidial pigmentation and chitin contents on wheat grains. From the SEM analysis, cinnamon oils had the most deleterious effect on A. flavus with morphological aberrations to the conidial heads, vegetative mycelia, alteration in conidiophores identity, hyphae shrank, and winding. To emphasize the effect of the essential oils on the aflatoxins producing potency of A. flavus, the molecular expression of the aflatoxins biosynthetic genes was estimated by RT-qPCR. The molecular expression of nor-1, afLR, pKsA and afLJ genes was suppressed by 94-96%, due to cinnamon oil at 0.062% compared to the control. Conclusively, from the results, cinnamon oils followed by the peppermint oils displayed the most fungicidal activity for the growth and aflatoxins production by A. flavus grown on wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar M Abdel Gwad
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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El-Dawy EGAEM, Gherbawy YA, Abd El-Sadek MS, Fouad W. Molecular identification of keratinophilic fungi associated with hair scalp and antifungal activity of green-synthesis zinc oxide nanoparticles. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300447. [PMID: 38013254 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A diverse population of fungi colonizes human hair and skin due to millions of years of functional integration and mutual adaptation. The human body, with its fungal communities, forms a complex entity. Microbial imbalance is promoted by instabilities in the host-mycobiota interaction system, which can be related to the development of various diseases. By morphological and molecular identification, 15 genera comprising 24 species were isolated from 18 scalp samples collected from girls. Yeast-like structures were the most common species in this study; they were recovered from six samples (33.3%). They were represented by five species: Arachniotus ruber; Cosmospora aurantiicola; Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosum; Geotrichum candidum and Suhomyces tanzawaensis. For the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), an aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale was utilized as a reducing and capping agent. The prepared NPs tested by X-ray diffraction, they had a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Most of the ZnO NPs were spherical, and their diameter was about 38.9 nm using a transmission electron microscope. ZnO NPs of the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectra were recorded in the range of 400-4000 cm-1. UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy showed the 200-800 nm wavelength range. ZnO NPs showed the highest activity against Ambrosiella hartigii Ambh2; Cladosporium cladosporioides Cladcl12; C. cf. cucumerinum Cladcu13; S. tanzawaensis Suht34, with minimal inhibitory concentrations 1.25 × 103 µg/mL on the four isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Gamal Abd Elnaser M El-Dawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Center, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Youssuf A Gherbawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Center, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Abd El-Sadek
- Nanomaterials Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Walaa Fouad
- Nanomaterials Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Tiran Gunasena M, Hussein MZ, Ali A, Wahab MAA, Bashir Kutawa A, Rafif A, Afif Mohd Zobir S, Ahmad K. Zingiber officinale Roscoe Essential Oils-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles with Enhanced Bactericidal Efficacy against Burkholderia glumae in Rice. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300686. [PMID: 37905394 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Ginger essential oils (GEO) shows exceptional antimicrobial properties against plant pathogens. Due to its high volatility and low stability, it requires encapsulation to retain its effective properties. The GEO-Chitosan (GEO-CS) nanobactericide was developed using the ionic gelation method. The nanobactericides show particle diameters of 465, 28, 35, 48 and 500 nm when sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) concentrations used in the preparation were 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 %, respectively. The X-ray diffraction and the UV-vis studies revealed that the GEO was encapsulated into the chitosan nanoparticles with an encapsulation efficiency of around 46 % and a loading capacity of 27-34 %. The antibacterial activity of GEO-chitosan nanobactericide against Burkholderia glumae (Bg) was found to be 7.5-11.8 mm, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of 15.6 μl/mL and 31.25 μl/mL, respectively. Hence, these findings indicate that the prepared GEO-CS nanobactericides were found to be effective against Bg. This preliminary study is toward the development of new agronanobactericides using a natural product to control Bg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Tiran Gunasena
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Grain Legume and Oil Crop Research and Development Centre, Angunakolapelessa, 82220, Sri Lanka
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Asgar Ali
- Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology (CEPB), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Aswad Abdul Wahab
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Abdulaziz Bashir Kutawa
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, P.M.B 500, Dutsin-Ma, 821101, Nigeria
| | - Amara Rafif
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Syazwan Afif Mohd Zobir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Khairulmazmi Ahmad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Institute of Plantation Studies (IKP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
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Al-Suwayyid LSA, Janakiraman AK, Thiagarajah S, Gunasekaran B, Khanna K, Kumar A, Mohamed JMM, Wong LS. Green synthesis of ginger-encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles: Unveiling their characterization and selective cytotoxicity on MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:325-331. [PMID: 38107454 PMCID: PMC10723172 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_313_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized using ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts in a green synthesis approach and evaluated their in vitro cytotoxicity effect on the MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cell line. The bottom-up approach was employed to develop the green-synthesized ginger-encapsulated ZnO-NPs (GZnO-NPs) without using hazardous substances. The most substantial Fourier-transform infrared absorption peak of the ginger root extract was seen at 1634.24 cm-1. The peak also confirmed the presence of ginger root extract-encapsulated ZnO-NPs at 1556.79, 1471.54, and 1019.83 cm-1. It indicates that the biomolecules found in plant extracts behave as capping agents, aiding in the formation of nanoparticles. The mean particle sizes (PSs) of optimized GZnO-NPs of the ratios 1:2 were found to be 104.01 ± 7.12 nm with a zeta potential of -11.5 ± 1.31 mV. The X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope analysis confirmed that the prepared nanoparticles were spherical and crystalline, with PS ranging from 100 to 150 nm. The GZnO-NPs were subjected to MTT assay and cellular migration potential, and it was found that the inhibitory concentration on the MDA-MB 231 (breast) cancer cell line and scratch area showed a dose-dependent efficacy. The successfully green-synthesized GZnO-NPs effectively induced cell death in the MDA-MB 231 cancer cell line. The scratch assay results confirmed that prepared GZnO-NPs inhibited the proliferation and migration of cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Kumar Janakiraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Sharmanee Thiagarajah
- School of Healthy Aging, Medical Aesthetics and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Baskaran Gunasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Kushagra Khanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | | | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
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Mohamed NZ, Shaban L, Safan S, El-Sayed ASA. Physiological and metabolic traits of Taxol biosynthesis of endophytic fungi inhabiting plants: Plant-microbial crosstalk, and epigenetic regulators. Microbiol Res 2023; 272:127385. [PMID: 37141853 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Attenuating the Taxol productivity of fungi with the subculturing and storage under axenic conditions is the challenge that halts the feasibility of fungi to be an industrial platform for Taxol production. This successive weakening of Taxol productivity by fungi could be attributed to the epigenetic down-regulation and molecular silencing of most of the gene clusters encoding Taxol biosynthetic enzymes. Thus, exploring the epigenetic regulating mechanisms controlling the molecular machinery of Taxol biosynthesis could be an alternative prospective technology to conquer the lower accessibility of Taxol by the potent fungi. The current review focuses on discussing the different molecular approaches, epigenetic regulators, transcriptional factors, metabolic manipulators, microbial communications and microbial cross-talking approaches on restoring and enhancing the Taxol biosynthetic potency of fungi to be industrial platform for Taxol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Z Mohamed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Lamis Shaban
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Samia Safan
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
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10
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Tan L, Liu X, Zhang Y. Glutaraldehyde fixation promotes palladium and gold nanoparticles formation in yeast and enhances their catalytic activity in 4-nitrophenol reduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130696. [PMID: 36603424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
When observing biosynthesized metal nanoparticles in microorganisms, glutaraldehyde is commonly used as a fixative to prepare TEM ultra-thin sections. However, as a chemical reagent with aldehyde groups, its reduction potential on metal ions has yet to be studied elaborately. Herein, we explored the influences of glutaraldehyde on yeast-synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) and their catalytic performance. A modified method for ultra-thin section preparation without glutaraldehyde fixation was developed to exclude its influence on AuNPs/PdNPs observation. It was confirmed that glutaraldehyde could promote the biosynthesis of AuNPs and PdNPs extra- and intracellularly, without altering their crystal structure and chemical state. The adsorption and reduction of Au(III)/Pd(II) were attributed to the different components of the yeast cell. Specifically, the amines and carboxyl groups in proteins and polysaccharides were involved in adsorption, while the reducing sugars hydrolyzed from polysaccharides were responsible for Au(III)/Pd(II) reduction. After glutaraldehyde fixation, the catalytic activities of Au/Pd-loaded yeast in 4-nitrophenol reduction were enhanced as well. Therefore, the influence of chemical fixatives in biosynthesized metal nanoparticles should be taken into consideration in regard to SEM, TEM observation and catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tan
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xindi Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
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Microbial cytosine deaminase is a programmable anticancer prodrug mediating enzyme: antibody, and gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10660. [PMID: 36164544 PMCID: PMC9508425 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosine deaminase (CDA) is a non-mammalian enzyme with powerful activity in mediating the prodrug 5-fluorcytosine (5-FC) into toxic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), as an alternative directed approach for the traditional chemotherapies and radiotherapies of cancer. This enzyme has been frequently reported and characterized from various microorganisms. The therapeutic strategy of 5-FC-CDA involves the administration of CDA followed by the prodrug 5-FC injection to generate cytotoxic 5-FU. The antiproliferative activity of CDA-5-FC elaborates from the higher activity of uracil pathway in tumor cells than normal ones. The main challenge of the therapeutic drug 5-FU are the short half-life, lack of selectivity and emergence of the drug resistance, consistently to the other chemotherapies. So, mediating the 5-FU to the tumor cells by CDA is one of the most feasible approaches to direct the drug to the tumor cells, reducing its toxic effects and improving their pharmacokinetic properties. Nevertheless, the catalytic efficiency, stability, antigenicity and targetability of CDA-5-FC, are the major challenges that limit the clinical application of this approach. Thus, exploring the biochemical properties of CDA from various microorganisms, as well as the approaches for localizing the system of CDA-5-FC to the tumor cells via the antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) and gene directed prodrug therapy (GDEPT) were the objectives of this review. Finally, the perspectives for increasing the therapeutic efficacy, and targetability of the CDA-5-FC system were described.
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Nano-insecticide: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of insecticidal activity of ZnO NPs against Spodoptera litura and Macrosiphum euphorbiae. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Abel S, Jule LT, Gudata L, Nagaraj N, Shanmugam R, Dwarampudi LP, Stalin B, Ramaswamy K. Preparation and characterization analysis of biofuel derived through seed extracts of Ricinus communis (castor oil plant). Sci Rep 2022; 12:11021. [PMID: 35773362 PMCID: PMC9246933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study assesses the prospect of using R. Communis seed oil as a substitute fuel for diesel engines. Biodiesel is prepared from the R. Communis plant seed oil by a single-step base catalytic transesterification procedure. The investigation deals with the Physico-chemical characteristics of R. Communis biodiesel and has been associated with the base diesel. It has been perceived that the characteristics of biodiesel are well-matched with the base diesel under the ASTM D6751 limits correspondingly. R. Communis biodiesel is blended in different proportions with base diesel such as D10, D20, D30, D40, D50 and D100 and is tested in a Kirloskar TV1 single-cylinder, 4 blows DI engine under altered loading conditions. Outcomes demonstrate that BTE and BSFC for D10 as well as D20 are similar to base diesel. BSFC indicates that the precise BSFC of base diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40 and D50 was 0.87, 1.70, 2.60, 3.0, 3.4, and 3.5 kg/kW-hr, respectively. The extreme BTE at full load condition for base diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40, D50 and D100 are 28.2%, 28.1%, 27.9%, 25.5%, 24.1%, and 23.6% , respectively. In the case of engine emissions, R. Communis biodiesel blends provided an average decrease in hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon-monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) associated with base diesel. Nevertheless, R. Communis biodiesel blends discharged high stages of nitrogen oxide (NOx) compares to base diesel. Base diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40, D50, and D100 had UBHC emissions of 45 ppm, 40 ppm, 44 ppm, 46 ppm, 41 ppm, and 43 ppm, respectively. The reduction in CO emissions for D10, D20, D30, D40, D50 and D100 are 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.17%, 0.18% and 0.21% respectively. The dissimilarity in NOx attentiveness within brake powers for D10, D20, D30, D40, and D50 and base diesel are 50-ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 250 ppm, 350 ppm, and 500 ppm, respectively. The dissimilarity of CO2 emanation with reverence to break powers for the base-diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40, D50, and D100 are 4.8%, 4.9%, 4.8%, 4.56%, 4.9% and 5.1%, respectively. The present research provides a way for renewable petrol blends to substitute diesel for powering diesel engines in that way dropping the reliance on fossil fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saka Abel
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia
| | - Leta Tesfaye Jule
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia.,Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia
| | - Lamessa Gudata
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia
| | - Nagaprasad Nagaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ULTRA College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 104, India
| | - R Shanmugam
- TIFAC, CORE-HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nilgiris, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L Priyanka Dwarampudi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nilgiris, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Stalin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University, Regional Campus Madurai, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 019, India
| | - Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia.
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Saka A, Jule LT, Soressa S, Gudata L, Nagaprasad N, Seenivasan V, Ramaswamy K. Biological approach synthesis and characterization of iron sulfide (FeS) thin films from banana peel extract for contamination of environmental remediation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10486. [PMID: 35729287 PMCID: PMC9213450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14828-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological approach synthesis and characterization of Iron Sulfide (FeS) thin films from banana peel extract for contamination remediation of environment studied. Iron chloride, Sodium thiosulfate and Ethylene-di-amine-tetra acetate (EDTA) were used as precursor solutions without further purification. The nanoparticle of banana peel was extracted and prepared with synthesized FeS thin films and analyzed by X ray-diffraction for structural examination, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) for surface morphological analysis, Ultra-violet-visible-spectrometer (UV–Vis) and photo-luminescence spectro-photo-meter (P-L) for optical characterizations. XRD peaks are shown with recognized to (110), (200), (310), and (301) crystalline planes. The occurrence of this deflection peak are recognised the FeS crystal segment of the tetragonal crystalline systems. SEM micrographs of the films prepared biological method show the distribution of grains, which cover the surface of the substrate completely and are uniform and films deposited purely have defects. The photo-luminescence, absorbance, and transmittance strength of banana peel extract FeS thin film is greater than pure FeS thin films in which wide-ranging and symmetries groups were perceived. In the present study, the comparison of pure FeS thin films and Nano synthesized banana peel extract with FeS thin films was studied. It is observed that Nano synthesized banana fibre absorbs higher than pure FeS thin films in solar cell application. Finally, green synthesis is an ecofriendly, easy and cheap promising method for the fabrication of thin films for solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Saka
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Leta Tesfaye Jule
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.,Centre for Excellence in Technology Transfer and Incubation, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Shuma Soressa
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Lamessa Gudata
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - N Nagaprasad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ULTRA College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 104, India
| | - Venkatesh Seenivasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India
| | - Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
- Centre for Excellence in Technology Transfer and Incubation, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia. .,Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.
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