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Binzet G, Turunc E, Binzet R, Dogen A, Arslan H. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils and various extracts of endemic Onosma malatyana (Boraginaceae) from Anatolia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39205636 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2395437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The chemical contents of the endemic Onosma malatyana roots collected from Malatya/Türkiye were determined using the hydrodistillation and the soxhlet methods and antimicrobial activity analysis of the extracts was also performed. The hydrodistillation method applied to the roots of O.malatyana resulted in identifying 31 compounds according to their retention times in GC-MS analysis. Additionally, crude ethyl acetate and crude oil etheric extracts of O.malatyana roots contained 14 compounds each. This research identified that the main component of the essential oil obtained by the hydrodistillation method was palmitic acid comprising 56.48% of the total composition. Additionally, in the crude petroleum etheric extract, oleic acid methyl ester (31.22%); and palmitic acid (24.69%) were identified as the main components in the crude ethyl acetate extract. The results of the antimicrobial activities indicated that O.malatyana root extracts were particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, specifically S. aureus and B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Binzet
- Department of Elementary Science Education, Faculty of Education, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Ersan Turunc
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Riza Binzet
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Aylin Dogen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
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Ahmed KA, Jabbar AA, Raouf MMHM, Al‐Qaaneh AM, Mothana RA, Alanzi AR, Abdullah FO, hassan RR, Abdulla MA, Saleh MI, Hasson S. A bitter flavonoid gum from Dorema aucheri accelerate wound healing in rats: Involvement of Bax/HSP 70 and hydroxyprolin mechanisms. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13896. [PMID: 39128890 PMCID: PMC11317193 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dorema aucheri gum (DAG) is a bitter flavonoid gum widely used for numerous medicinal purposes including wound recovery. The present work investigates the acute toxicity and wound-healing effects of DAG in excisional skin injury in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague Dawley rats (24) were clustered into four groups, each rat had a full-thickness excisional dorsal neck injury (2.00 cm) and addressed with 0.2 mL of the following treatments for 15 days: Group A (vehicle), rats addressed with normal saline; Group B, rats received intrasite gel; C and D, rats addressed with 250 and 500 mg/kg of DAG, respectively. RESULTS The results revealed the absence of any toxic signs in rats who received oral dosages of 2 and 5 g/kg of DAG. Wound healing was significantly accelerated following DAG treatments indicated by smaller open areas and higher wound contraction percentages compared to vehicle rats. Histological evaluation revealed higher fibroblast formation, collagen deposition, and noticeably lower inflammatory cell infiltration in granulated skin tissues of DAG-addressed rats compared to vehicle rats. DAG treatment caused significant modulation of immunohistochemical proteins (decreased Bax and increased HSP 70) and inflammatory mediators (reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and magnified IL-10), which were significantly varied compared to vehicle rats. Moreover, topical DAG treatment led to significant upregulation of the hydroxyproline (HDX) (collagen) and antioxidant content. At the same time, decreased the lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels in healed tissues obtained from DAG-treated rats. CONCLUSION The present wound contraction by DAG might be linked with the modulatory effect of its phytochemicals (polysaccharides, flavonoids, and phenolic) on the cellular mechanisms, which justify their folkloric use and provokes further investigation as therapeutic drug additives for wound contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdul‐Aziz Ahmed
- Associate Professor at Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesFaculty of Allied Medical SciencesAl‐Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmmanJordan
| | - Ahmed A.j. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory TechnologyErbil Technical Health and Medical CollegeErbil Polytechnic UniversityErbilIraq
| | | | - Ayman M. Al‐Qaaneh
- Department of Allied Health SciencesAl‐Balqa Applied University (BAU)Al‐SaltJordan
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of PharmacognosyCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah R. Alanzi
- Department of PharmacognosyCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Othman Abdullah
- Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceSalahaddin University‐ErbilKurdistan RegionErbilKurdistan RegionIraq
| | - Rawaz Rizgar hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory ScienceCollege of ScienceKnowledge UniversityErbilIraq
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical AnalysisFaculty of Applied ScienceTishk International UniversityErbilIraq
| | - Musher Ismael Saleh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science and HealthKoya UniversityKoya KOY45ErbilKurdistan RegionIraq
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
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Qureshi H, Basheer A, Sajjad W, Faheem M, Babar Jamal S. An integrated in-silico approach for drug target identification in human pathogen Shigella dysenteriae. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303048. [PMID: 38753867 PMCID: PMC11098424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae, is a Gram-negative bacterium that emerged as the second most significant cause of bacillary dysentery. Antibiotic treatment is vital in lowering Shigella infection rates, yet the growing global resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics poses a significant challenge. The persistent multidrug resistance of S. dysenteriae complicates its management and control. Hence, there is an urgent requirement to discover novel therapeutic targets and potent medications to prevent and treat this disease. Therefore, the integration of bioinformatics methods such as subtractive and comparative analysis provides a pathway to compute the pan-genome of S. dysenteriae. In our study, we analysed a dataset comprising 27 whole genomes. The S. dysenteriae strain SD197 was used as the reference for determining the core genome. Initially, our focus was directed towards the identification of the proteome of the core genome. Moreover, several filters were applied to the core genome, including assessments for non-host homology, protein essentiality, and virulence, in order to prioritize potential drug targets. Among these targets were Integration host factor subunit alpha and Tyrosine recombinase XerC. Furthermore, four drug-like compounds showing potential inhibitory effects against both target proteins were identified. Subsequently, molecular docking analysis was conducted involving these targets and the compounds. This initial study provides the list of novel targets against S. dysenteriae. Conclusively, future in vitro investigations could validate our in-silico findings and uncover potential therapeutic drugs for combating bacillary dysentery infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hurria Qureshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amina Basheer
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States of America
| | - Syed Babar Jamal
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ahmed KAA, Jabbar AAJ, Galali Y, M Al-Qaaneh A, Akçakavak G, Salehen NA, Hassan RR, Mothana RA, Abdulla MA, Fantoukh OI, Hasson S, Hawwal MF. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds accelerates wound healing in rats: Possible molecular mechanisms. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13727. [PMID: 38711343 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex, intricate, and dynamic process that requires effective therapeutic management. The current study evaluates the wound healing potentials of methanolic extract of Cuminum cyminum L. seeds (CCS) in rats. Sprague Dawley (24) rats were distributed into four cages, wounds produced on the back of the neck, and received two daily topical treatments for 14 days: A, rats received normal saline; B, wounded rats treated with intrasite gel; C and D, rats received 0.2 mL of 250 and 500 mg/kg of CCS, respectively. After that, wound area and closure percentage were evaluated, and wound tissues were dissected for histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical examinations. Acute toxicity trials of methanolic extract of CCS showed the absence of any physiological changes or mortality in rats. CCS application caused a significant reduction in wound size and a statistically elevated percentage of wound contraction than those of vehicle rats. CCS treatment caused significant up-regulation of collagen fiber, fibroblasts, and fewer inflammatory cells (inflammation) in granulation tissues. TGF-β1 (angiogenetic factor) was significantly more expressed in CCS-treated rats in comparison to normal saline-treated rats; therefore, more fibroblasts transformed into myofibroblasts (angiogenesis). CCS-treated rats showed remarkable antioxidant potentials (higher SOD and CAT enzymes) and decreased MDA (lipid peroxidation) levels in their wound tissue homogenates. Hydroxyproline amino acid (collagen) was significantly up-regulated by CCS treatment, which is commonly related to faster wound closure area. The outcomes suggest CCS as a viable new source of pharmaceuticals for wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Yaseen Galali
- Department of Food Technology, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salaheddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ayman M Al-Qaaneh
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University (BAU), Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Gökhan Akçakavak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ramzi A Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Omer I Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sidig Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mohammed F Hawwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Barkizatova G, Turgumbayeva A, Zhakipbekov K, Bekesheva K, Arystanov Z, Arystanova T, Kayupova F, Zhumalina K, Toxanbayeva Z, Ibragimova A, Blinova O, Utegenova G, Iztileu N, Shynykul Z. Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Lithospermum officinale L.: A Review of Phytochemicals and Ethnomedicinal Uses. Molecules 2024; 29:1856. [PMID: 38675676 PMCID: PMC11055044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploring phytochemicals from ethnomedicinal plants for pharmacological applications is a promising research area. By studying ethnomedicine, researchers can identify plants used for centuries to treat ailments and investigate their phytochemicals. Consequently, phytochemicals can be isolated, characterized, and tested for pharmacological activities, leading to new drug development. This research also helps preserve traditional knowledge and biodiversity. Lithospermum officinale L., found in Eurasia, Argentina (South), Colombia, and the United States, is valued for its medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. The current review emphasizes L. officinale L. as a significant reservoir of bioactive phytochemicals, with alkaloids, quinones, glucosides, phenolics, flavonoids, and lipids identified as the principal metabolites. It also unveils the unexplored potential of this plant for future research endeavors. Continued research on L. officinale L. can unlock its full potential, providing insights into its medicinal uses and contributing to biodiversity preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhanat Barkizatova
- School of Pharmacy, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole Bi St. 94, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Aknur Turgumbayeva
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Kairat Zhakipbekov
- Department of Organization, Management and Economics of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole Bi St. 94, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Kuralay Bekesheva
- JSC “Scientific Centre for Anti-Infectious Drug”, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Zhalgaskali Arystanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Disciplines, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik Street 49/A, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (Z.A.); (T.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Tanagul Arystanova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Disciplines, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik Street 49/A, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (Z.A.); (T.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Farida Kayupova
- Department of Pharmacy, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Abylai Khan St. 51/53, Almaty 050004, Kazakhstan; (F.K.); (K.Z.)
| | - Klara Zhumalina
- Department of Pharmacy, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Abylai Khan St. 51/53, Almaty 050004, Kazakhstan; (F.K.); (K.Z.)
| | - Zhanat Toxanbayeva
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Clinical Pharmacology, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Al Farabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan; (Z.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Aigul Ibragimova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Clinical Pharmacology, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Al Farabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan; (Z.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Olga Blinova
- Department of Organization and Management of Pharmaceutical Business, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Alfarabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (G.U.)
| | - Gulnara Utegenova
- Department of Organization and Management of Pharmaceutical Business, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Alfarabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (G.U.)
| | - Nurzhan Iztileu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Disciplines, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik Street 49/A, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (Z.A.); (T.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Zhanserik Shynykul
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
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Zafar F, Shaheen G, Asif HM, Farhan M, Muteeb G, Aatif M. Onosma bracteatum Wall Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract Suppresses Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats via Regulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and C-Reactive Protein. Molecules 2024; 29:1830. [PMID: 38675650 PMCID: PMC11052358 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Onosma bracteatum Wall (O. bracteatum) has been used traditionally for the management of arthritis; however, its therapeutic potential warrants further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of the aqueous-ethanolic extract of O. bracteatum leaves (AeOB) in a rat model of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. Rats were treated with AeOB (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg), indomethacin (10 mg/kg), or a vehicle control from days 8 to 28 post-CFA injection. Arthritic score, paw diameter, and body weight were monitored at regular intervals. X-ray radiographs and histopathological analysis were performed to assess arthritic severity. Inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were quantified by qPCR and icromatography. Phytochemical analysis of AeOB revealed alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, Saponins, and glycosides. AeOB also exhibited antioxidant potential with an IC50 of 73.22 µg/mL in a DPPH assay. AeOB and diclofenac exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities. Rats treated with AeOB at 750 mg/kg and indomethacin showed significantly reduced arthritic symptoms and joint inflammation versus the CFA control. The AeOB treatment downregulated TNF-α and IL-6 and decreased CRP levels compared with arthritic rats. Radiography and histopathology also showed improved prognosis. These findings demonstrate the anti-arthritic potential of AeOB leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Zafar
- Department of Eastern Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (G.S.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Ghazala Shaheen
- Department of Eastern Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (G.S.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Asif
- Department of Eastern Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (G.S.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Mohd Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa-31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazala Muteeb
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Aatif
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Yıldırım M, Binzet G, Binzet R, Yabalak E. A natural approach to breast cancer treatment: investigation of chemical features of aerial parts of endemic Onosma sintenisii Hausskn. ex Bornm and its antioxidant properties, in vitro cytotoxic and apoptosis induction on MCF-7 cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38465620 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2326182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Onosma sintenisii Hausskn. ex Bornm. (O. sintenisii) belongs to the Boraginaceae family and it is an endemic species from Irano-turanian phytogeographical region (central and eastern Anatolia) that distributes in steppe areas. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxic and apoptosis induction of methanol extract of aerial parts of O. sintenisii. As a result of GC/MS analysis, 14 components were identified, and the major compounds of the extracts are retronecine (13.94%), α.-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid (10.86%), melaniline (7.5%) and 1,2-Butanediol (4.02%), respectively. Antioxidant properties of O. sintenisii were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and superoxide radical scavenging activity methods. While the DPPH free radical scavenging activity results of O. sintenisii extract varied between 62.49% and 32.27%, reducing power activity and superoxide radical scavenging activity were found to be low. The result of the MTT assay revealed strong anticancer activity of O. sintenisii extract. The most significant cytotoxic effect was noted at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL after 48 hours. These findings together with flow cytometry analysis suggest that apoptosis can be the main mechanism underlying cell death after O. sintenisii extract treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Yıldırım
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Gun Binzet
- Department of Elementary Science Education, Faculty of Education, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Rıza Binzet
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, Mersin, TURKEY
| | - Erdal Yabalak
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Jabbar AA, Abdul-Aziz Ahmed K, Abdulla MA, Abdullah FO, Salehen NA, Mothana RA, Houssaini J, Hassan RR, Hawwal MF, Fantoukh OI, Hasson S. Sinomenine accelerate wound healing in rats by augmentation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunuhistochemical pathways. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23581. [PMID: 38173533 PMCID: PMC10761791 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinomenine (SN) is a well-documented unique plant alkaloid extracted from many herbal medicines. The present study evaluates the wound healing potentials of SN on dorsal neck injury in rats. A uniform cut was created on Sprague Dawley rats (24) which were arbitrarily aligned into 4 groups receiving two daily topical treatments for 14 days as follows: A, rats had gum acacia; B, rats addressed with intrasite gel; C and D, rats had 30 and 60 mg/ml of SN, respectively. The acute toxicity trial revealed the absence of any toxic signs in rats after two weeks of ingestion of 30 and 300 mg/kg of SN. SN-treated rats showed smaller wound areas and higher wound closure percentages compared to vehicle rats after 5, 10, and 15 days of skin excision. Histological evaluation of recovered wound tissues showed increased collagen deposition, fibroblast content, and decreased inflammatory cells in granulated tissues in SN-addressed rats, which were statistically different from that of gum acacia-treated rats. SN treatment caused positive augmentation of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (angiogenetic factor) in wound tissues, denoting a higher conversion rate of fibroblast into myofibroblast (angiogenesis) that results in faster wound healing action. Increased antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT), as well as decreased MDA contents in recovered wound tissues of SN-treated rats, suggest the antioxidant potentials of SN that aid in faster wound recovery. Wound tissue homogenates showed higher hydroxyproline amino acid (collagen content) values in SN-treated rats than in vehicle rats. SN treatment suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum of wounded rats. The outcomes present SN as a viable pharmaceutical agent for wound healing evidenced by its positive modulation of the antioxidant, immunohistochemically proteins, hydroxyproline, and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A.j. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Fuad Othman Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal Houssaini
- Department of Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Institute of Pathology, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed F. Hawwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer I. Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 5UG, UK
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Abdul-Aziz Ahmed K, Jabbar AAJ, Abdulla MA, Zuhair Alamri Z, Ain Salehen N, Abdel Aziz Ibrahim I, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF. Mangiferin (mango) attenuates AOM-induced colorectal cancer in rat's colon by augmentation of apoptotic proteins and antioxidant mechanisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:813. [PMID: 38191592 PMCID: PMC10774405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (MF) is a natural C-glucosylxantone compound that has many substantial curative potentials against numerous illnesses including cancers. The present study's goal is to appraise the chemo preventive possessions of MF on azoxymethane (AOM)-mediated colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Rats clustered into 5 groups, negative control (A), inoculated subcutaneously with normal saline twice and nourished on 0.5% CMC; groups B-E injected twice with 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 0.5% CMC (B, cancer control); intraperitoneal inoculation of 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (C, reference rats) or nourished on 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E) of MF. Results of gross morphology of colorectal specimens showed significantly lower total colonic ACF incidence in MF-treated rats than that of cancer controls. The colon tissue examination of cancer control rats showed increased ACF availability with bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands compared to MF-treated rats. Mangiferin treatment caused increased regulation of pro-apoptotic (increased Bax) proteins and reduced the β-catenin) proteins expression. Moreover, rats fed on MF had significantly higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in their colonic tissue homogenates. Mangiferin supplementation significantly down-shifted pro-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-α and interleukine-6) and up-shifted anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukine-10) based on serum analysis. The chemo-protective mechanistic of MF against AOM-induced ACF, shown by lower ACF values and colon tissue penetration, could be correlated with its positive modulation of apoptotic cascade, antioxidant enzymes, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM oxidative stress insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Almaimani G, Jabbar AAJ, Ibrahim IAA, Alzahrani AR, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Azlina MFN. Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic pathways in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:4439-4452. [PMID: 38103135 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicine is one of the most common fields explored for combating colon cancers, and Pimpinella anisum L. seeds (PAS) have been utilized widely as medicinal agents because of their increased essential oil (trans-anethole) contents. In this essence, our study investigates the toxic effect and chemoprotective potentials of PAS against azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer in rats. The toxicity trial for PAS conducted by clustering fifteen rats into three groups (five rats each): A, normal control had 10% Tween 20; B, ingested with 2 g/kg PAS; and C, supplemented with 4 g/kg PAS. The in vivo cancer trial was performed by using 30 rats (Sprague-Dawley) that were randomly adapted in five steel cages (six rats each): group A, normal controls received two subcutaneous injections of normal saline 0.09% and ingested orally 10% Tween 20; groups B-E, rats received two injections of 15 mg/kg of azoxymethane (AOM) subcutaneously in 2 weeks and treated orally with 10% Tween 20 (group B) or intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil (35 mg/kg) (group C), or orally given 200 mg/kg PAS (group D) and 400 mg/kg PAS (group E) for 8 weeks. After the scarification of rats, the colon tissues were dissected for gross and histopathological evaluations. The acute toxicity trial showed the absence of any toxic signs in rats even after 14 days of ingesting 4 g/kg of PAS. The chemoprotective experiment revealed significant inhibitory potentials (65.93%) of PAS (400 mg/kg) against aberrant crypto foci incidence that could be correlated with its positive modulation of the immunohistochemically proteins represented by a significant up-regulation of the Bax protein and a decrease of the Bcl-2 protein expressions in colon tissues. Furthermore, PAS-treated rats had notably lower oxidative stress in colon tissues evidenced by decreased MDA levels and increased antiradical defense enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx). The outcomes suggest 400 mg/kg PAS as a viable additive for the development of potential pharmaceuticals against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah R Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Jabbar AA, Mothana RA, Ameen Abdulla M, Othman Abdullah F, Abdul-Aziz Ahmed K, Rizgar Hussen R, Hawwal MF, Fantoukh OI, Hasson S. Mechanisms of anti-ulcer actions of Prangos pabularia (L.) in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101850. [PMID: 37965491 PMCID: PMC10641563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease is the greatest digestive disorder that has increased incidence and recurrence rates across all nations. Prangos pabularia (L.) has been well documented as a folkloric medicinal herb utilized for multiple disease conditions including gastric ulcers. Hence, the target study was investigation the gastro-protection effects of root extracts of Prangos pabularia (REPP) on ethanol-mediated stomach injury in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were clustered in 5 cages: A and B, normal and ulcer control rats pre-ingested with 1 % carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)); C, reference rats had 20 mg/kg omeprazole; D and E, rats pre-supplemented with 250 and 500 mg/kg of REPP, respectively. After one hour, group A was given orally 1 % CMC, and groups B-E were given 100 % ethanol. The ulcer area, gastric acidity, and gastric wall mucus of all stomachs were determined. The gastric tissue homogenates were examined for antioxidant and MDA contents. Moreover, the gastric tissues were analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemically assays. Acute toxicity results showed lack of any toxic effects or histological changes in rats exposed to 2 and 5 g/kg of REPP ingestion. The ulcer controls had extensive gastric mucosal damage with lower gastric juice and a reduced gastric pH. REPP treatment caused a significant reduction of the ethanol-induced gastric lacerations represented by an upsurge in gastric mucus and gastric wall glycoproteins (increased PAS), a decrease in the gastric acidity, leukocyte infiltration, positively modulated Bax and HSP 70 proteins, consequently lowered ulcer areas. REPP supplementation positively modulated oxidative stress (increased SOD, CAT, PGE2, and reduced MDA) and inflammatory cytokines (decreased serum TNF-α, IL-6, and increased IL-10) levels. The outcomes could be scientific evidence to back-up the folkloric use of A. Judaica as a medicinal remedy for oxidative stress-related disorders (gastric ulcer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A.J. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Fuad Othman Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hussen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed F. Hawwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer I. Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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Fragkouli R, Antonopoulou M, Asimakis E, Spyrou A, Kosma C, Zotos A, Tsiamis G, Patakas A, Triantafyllidis V. Mediterranean Plants as Potential Source of Biopesticides: An Overview of Current Research and Future Trends. Metabolites 2023; 13:967. [PMID: 37755247 PMCID: PMC10535963 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and implementation of safe natural alternatives to synthetic pesticides are urgent needs that will provide ecological solutions for the control of plant diseases, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, pests, and weeds to ensure the economic stability of farmers and food security, as well as protection of the environment and human health. Unambiguously, production of botanical pesticides will allow for the sustainable and efficient use of natural resources and finally decrease the use of chemical inputs and burden. This is further underlined by the strict regulations on pesticide residues in agricultural products and is in harmony with the Farm to Fork strategy, which aims to reduce pesticide use by 50% by 2030. Thus, the present work aims to compile the scientific knowledge of the last 5 years (2017-February 2023) regarding the Mediterranean plants that present biopesticidal effects. The literature review revealed 40 families of Mediterranean plants with at least one species that have been investigated as potential biopesticides. However, only six families had the highest number of species, and they were reviewed comprehensively in this study. Following a systematic approach, the extraction methods, chemical composition, biopesticidal activity, and commonly used assays for evaluating the antimicrobial, pesticidal, repellant, and herbicidal activity of plant extracts, as well as the toxicological and safety aspects of biopesticide formulation, are discussed in detail. Finally, the aspects that have not yet been investigated or are under-investigated and future perspectives are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Fragkouli
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Alexandra Spyrou
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Chariklia Kosma
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasios Zotos
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (M.A.); (E.A.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Angelos Patakas
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Vassilios Triantafyllidis
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (R.F.); (C.K.); (A.P.)
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13
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Mariod AA, Jabbar AA, Alamri ZZ, Salim Al Rashdi A, Abdulla MA. Gastroprotective effects of Polygonatum odoratum in rodents by regulation of apoptotic proteins and inflammatory cytokines. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103678. [PMID: 37266408 PMCID: PMC10230262 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In an increasing interest in natural antiulcer compounds that may have gastric healing effects and possibly prevent ulcer recurrence, Polygonatum odoratum appears as a strong candidate. The gastroprotective potentials of P. odoratum rhizome extract (PORE) were explored on ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were caged in 5 groups, normal and ulcer control rats received CMC (1% carboxymethyl cellulose). Omeprazole (20 mg/kg) was given to reference Rats. Experimental rats were treated with 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg PORE, respectively. After an hour, the normal control rats received 1% CMC, whereas rat groups 2-5 were given absolute ethanol by oral gavage. After 60 min, rats received anesthesia and were sacrificed. Dissected gastric tissue was analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. PORE treatment significantly lowered the ethanol-induced gastric injury, as shown by up-surging gastric pH and mucus content, reduced leukocyte infiltration, lower ulcerative areas in mucosal layers, and increased antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and (MDA) levels. Furthermore, PORE pre-treated rats showed significantly increased expression of the Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), HSP-70 protein, and decreased Bax protein in their gastric epithelial layers. PORE treatment showed an important regulation of inflammatory cytokines shown by decreasing the TNF-a, and IL-6 and increasing the IL-10 values. The detected biological activity of PORE is encouraging and presents the scientific evidence for its traditional use as a gastroprotection agent however further studies are required to determine the exact phytochemicals and mechanism pathway responsible for this bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalbasit A. Mariod
- College of Science and Arts, Alkamil Branch, University of Jeddah, Alkamil 21931, Saudi Arabia
- Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Centre, Ghibaish College of Science and Technology, 110 Ghibaish, Sudan
| | - Ahmed A.J. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, AlRashdi AS, Najmaldin SK, Zainel MA. Sinapic Acid Attenuate Liver Injury by Modulating Antioxidant Activity and Inflammatory Cytokines in Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051447. [PMID: 37239118 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a natural pharmacological active compound found in berries, nuts, and cereals. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of SA against thioacetamide (TAA) fibrosis in rats by histopathological and immunohistochemical assays. The albino rats (30) were randomly divided into five groups (G). G1 was injected with distilled water 3 times/week and fed orally daily with 10% Tween 20 for two months. G2-5 were injected with 200 mg/kg TAA three times weekly for two months and fed with 10% Tween 20, 50 mg/kg silymarin, 20, and 40 mg/kg of SA daily for 2 months, respectively. The results showed that rats treated with SA had fewer hepatocyte injuries with lower liver index (serum bilirubin, total protein, albumin, and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) and were similar to that of control and silymarin-treated rats. Acute toxicity for 2 and 4 g/kg SA showed to be safe without any toxic signs in treated rats. Macroscopic examination showed that hepatotoxic liver had an irregular, rough surface with micro and macro nodules and histopathology expressed by Hematoxylin and Eosin, and Masson Trichrome revealed severe inflammation and infiltration of focal necrosis, fibrosis, lymphocytes, and proliferation bile duct. In contrast, rats fed with SA had significantly lower TAA toxicity in gross and histology and liver tissues as presented by less liver tissue disruption, lesser fibrosis, and minimum in filtered hepatocytes. Immunohistochemistry of rats receiving SA showed significant up-regulation of HSP 70% and down-regulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression compared to positive control rats. The homogenized liver tissues showed a notable rise in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) actions with significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared to that of the positive control group. Furthermore, the SA-treated rats had significantly lower TNF-a, IL-6, and higher IL-10 levels than the positive control rats. Thus, the findings suggest SA as a hepatoprotective compound due to its inhibitory effects on fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, liver cell proliferation, up-regulation of HSP 70, and downregulation of α-SMA expression, inhibiting lipid peroxidation (MDA), while retaining the liver index and antioxidant enzymes to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed S AlRashdi
- Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 2294, Muscat 111, Oman
| | - Soran Kayfi Najmaldin
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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15
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Jabbar AA, Ibrahim IAA, Abdullah FO, Aziz KF, Alzahrani AR, Abdulla MA. Chemopreventive Effects of Onosma mutabilis against Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Cancer in Rats via Amendment of Bax/Bcl-2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:885-902. [PMID: 36826002 PMCID: PMC9954954 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Onosma species (Boraginaceae) are well known as medicinal plants due to their wide range of pharmaceutical potential. The present study aims to investigate the anticancer (in vitro) and chemo-protective (in vivo) efficacies of Onosma mutabilis extract (OME) in the azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. The in vitro antiproliferative effects of OME were determined on two human tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29) via MTT assay. The in vivo chemoprotective effects of OME were investigated by performing various biochemical analyses in serum and tissue homogenates of albino rats, along with determining oxidative stress biomarkers. Inflammatory biomarkers of colon, colonic gross morphology (by methylene blue), ACF formation, and colonic histopathology (H & E stain) were determined. The immunohistochemistry of colonic tissues was also assessed by Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression. The results showed that the antitumor activity of OME against Caco-2 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells ranged between 22.28-36.55 µg/mL. OME supplementation caused a significant drop in the ACF values and improved the immunohistochemistry of the rats shown by up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expressions. These outcomes reveal that O. mutabilis may have chemoprotective efficiency against AOM-induced colon cancer represented by the attenuation of ACF formation possibly through inhibition of free radicals, inflammation, and stimulation of the colon antioxidant armory (SOD, CAT, and GPx) and positive regulation of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Aj. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +964-750-468-1242
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad O. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Kareem Fattah Aziz
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Abdullah R. Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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