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Rinaldi A, Dumas F, Duskey JT, Imbriano C, Belluti S, Roy C, Ottonelli I, Vandelli MA, Ruozi B, Garcion E, Tosi G, Boury F. Polymer-lipid hybrid nanomedicines to deliver siRNA in and against glioblastoma cells. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123994. [PMID: 38484859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) holds great potential to treat many difficult-to-treat diseases, but its delivery remains the central challenge. This study aimed at investigating the suitability of polymer-lipid hybrid nanomedicines (HNMeds) as novel siRNA delivery platforms for locoregional therapy of glioblastoma. Two HNMed formulations were developed from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymer and a cationic lipid: 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) or 3ß-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl]cholesterol (DC-Chol). After characterization of the HNMeds, a model siRNA was complexed onto their surface to form HNMed/siRNA complexes. The physicochemical properties and siRNA binding ability of complexes were assessed over a range of nitrogen-to-phosphate (N/P) ratios to optimize the formulations. At the optimal N/P ratio of 10, complexes effectively bound siRNA and improved its protection from enzymatic degradation. Using the NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line, DOTAP-based HNMeds were shown to possess higher cytocompatibility in vitro over the DC-Chol-based ones. As proof-of-concept, uptake and bioefficacy of formulations were also assessed in vitro on U87MG human glioblastoma cell line expressing luciferase gene. Complexes were able to deliver anti-luciferase siRNA and induce a remarkable suppression of gene expression. Noteworthy, the effect of DOTAP-based formulation was not only about three-times higher than DC-Chol-based one, but also comparable to lipofectamine model transfection reagent. These findings set the basis to exploit this nanosystem for silencing relevant GB-related genes in further in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Rinaldi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université de Nantes, CRCI2NA, Université d'Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Florence Dumas
- Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université de Nantes, CRCI2NA, Université d'Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Jason Thomas Duskey
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carol Imbriano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Belluti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Charlotte Roy
- Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université de Nantes, CRCI2NA, Université d'Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Ilaria Ottonelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Garcion
- Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université de Nantes, CRCI2NA, Université d'Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Frank Boury
- Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université de Nantes, CRCI2NA, Université d'Angers, 49000 Angers, France.
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2
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Dahal S, Bastola S, Ramamurthi A. JNK2 silencing lipid nanoparticles for elastic matrix repair. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:562-573. [PMID: 37815147 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The over-expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK2), a stress activated mitogen kinase, in the aortic wall plays a critical role in the formation and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This triggers chronic downstream upregulation of elastolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMPs2 and 9 to cause progressive proteolytic breakdown of the wall elastic matrix. We have previously shown that siNRA knockdown of JNK2 gene expression in an AAA culture model stimulates downstream elastin gene expression, elastic fiber formation, crosslinking and reduces elastolytic MMPs2 and 9. Since naked siRNA poorly routes to intracellular targets, has poor stability in blood, and could be potentially toxic and immunogenic, this project is aimed to develop PEGylated lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for delivery of JNK siRNA and to generate evidence of successful JNK2 knockdown and downstream attenuation of MMP2 gene and protein expressions. LNPs were formulated using thin-film hydration technique and had the size of 100-200 nm with zeta-potential ranging between 30 and 40 mV. JNK siRNA loaded PEGylated LNPs successfully knocked down JNK2 in cytokine-activated rat aneurysmal smooth muscle (EaRASMC) cultures. This resulted in a downstream decrease in MMP2 gene and protein expression and an upward trend in expression of genes for proteins critical for elastic fiber assembly such as elastin (ELN) and lysyl oxidase (LOX). Our result indicates cationic LNPs to be potential carriers for JNK siRNA delivery improving potency for elastin homeostasis required for AAA repair which could possibly provide benefits in preventing the progression of small AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shataakshi Dahal
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suraj Bastola
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anand Ramamurthi
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Silvestrini AVP, Morais MF, Debiasi BW, Praça FG, Bentley MVLB. Nanotechnology strategies to address challenges in topical and cellular delivery of siRNAs in skin disease therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115198. [PMID: 38341146 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is one of the most advanced therapies in current medicine. In particular, interference RNA-based therapy by small interfering RNA (siRNA) has gained attention in recent years as it is a highly versatile, selective and specific therapy. In dermatological conditions, topical delivery of siRNA offers numerous therapeutic advantages, mainly by inhibiting the expression of target transcripts directly in the skin. However, crossing the stratum corneum and overcoming intracellular barriers is an inherent challenge. Substantial efforts by scientists have moved towards the use of multimodal and multifunctional nanoparticles to overcome these barriers and achieve greater bioavailability in their site of action, the cytoplasm. In this review the most innovative strategies based on nanoparticle and physical methods are presented, as well as the design principles and the main factors that contribute to the performance of these systems. This review also highlights the synergistic contributions of medicine, nanotechnology, and molecular biology to advancing translational research into siRNA-based therapeutics for skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vitoria Pupo Silvestrini
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Finazzi Morais
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Bryan Wender Debiasi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Garcia Praça
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Vitória Lopes Badra Bentley
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Cooper CG, Kafetzis KN, Patabendige A, Tagalakis AD. Blood-brain barrier disruption in dementia: Nano-solutions as new treatment options. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1359-1385. [PMID: 38154805 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Candidate drugs targeting the central nervous system (CNS) demonstrate extremely low clinical success rates, with more than 98% of potential treatments being discontinued due to poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Neurological conditions were shown to be the second leading cause of death globally in 2016, with the number of people currently affected by neurological disorders increasing rapidly. This increasing trend, along with an inability to develop BBB permeating drugs, is presenting a major hurdle in the treatment of CNS-related disorders, like dementia. To overcome this, it is necessary to understand the structure and function of the BBB, including the transport of molecules across its interface in both healthy and pathological conditions. The use of CNS drug carriers is rapidly gaining popularity in CNS research due to their ability to target BBB transport systems. Further research and development of drug delivery vehicles could provide essential information that can be used to develop novel treatments for neurological conditions. This review discusses the BBB and its transport systems and evaluates the potential of using nanoparticle-based delivery systems as drug carriers for CNS disease with a focus on dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adjanie Patabendige
- Department of Biology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Aristides D Tagalakis
- Department of Biology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Moazzam M, Zhang M, Hussain A, Yu X, Huang J, Huang Y. The landscape of nanoparticle-based siRNA delivery and therapeutic development. Mol Ther 2024; 32:284-312. [PMID: 38204162 PMCID: PMC10861989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Five small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), namely patisiran, givosiran, lumasiran, inclisiran, and vutrisiran. Besides, siRNA delivery to the target site without toxicity is a big challenge for researchers, and naked-siRNA delivery possesses several challenges, including membrane impermeability, enzymatic degradation, mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) entrapment, fast renal excretion, endosomal escape, and off-target effects. The siRNA therapeutics can silence any disease-specific gene, but their intracellular and extracellular barriers limit their clinical applications. For this purpose, several modifications have been employed to siRNA for better transfection efficiency. Still, there is a quest for better delivery systems for siRNA delivery to the target site. In recent years, nanoparticles have shown promising results in siRNA delivery with minimum toxicity and off-target effects. Patisiran is a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based siRNA formulation for treating hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis that ultimately warrants the use of nanoparticles from different classes, especially lipid-based nanoparticles. These nanoparticles may belong to different categories, including lipid-based, polymer-based, and inorganic nanoparticles. This review briefly discusses the lipid, polymer, and inorganic nanoparticles and their sub-types for siRNA delivery. Finally, several clinical trials related to siRNA therapeutics are addressed, followed by the future prospects and conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Moazzam
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Medical Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Medical Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Medical Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Rigerna Therapeutics Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215127, China.
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6
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Choi KC, Lee DH, Lee JW, Lee JS, Lee YK, Choi MJ, Jeong HY, Kim MW, Lee CG, Park YS. Novel Lipid Nanoparticles Stable and Efficient for mRNA Transfection to Antigen-Presenting Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1388. [PMID: 38338667 PMCID: PMC10855810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
mRNA vaccines have emerged as a pivotal tool in combating COVID-19, offering an advanced approach to immunization. A key challenge with these vaccines is their need for extremely-low-temperature storage, which affects their stability and shelf life. Our research addresses this issue by enhancing the stability of mRNA vaccines through a novel cationic lipid, O,O'-dimyristyl-N-lysyl aspartate (DMKD). DMKD effectively binds with mRNA, improving vaccine stability. We also integrated phosphatidylserine (PS) into the formulation to boost immune response by promoting the uptake of these nanoparticles by immune cells. Our findings reveal that DMKD-PS nanoparticles maintain structural integrity under long-term refrigeration and effectively protect mRNA. When tested, these nanoparticles containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) mRNA outperformed other commercial lipid nanoparticles in protein expression, both in immune cells (RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage) and non-immune cells (CT26 mouse colorectal carcinoma cells). Importantly, in vivo studies show that DMKD-PS nanoparticles are safely eliminated from the body within 48 h. The results suggest that DMKD-PS nanoparticles present a promising alternative for mRNA vaccine delivery, enhancing both the stability and effectiveness of these vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chan Choi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (K.C.C.); (D.H.L.); (J.W.L.); (Y.K.L.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Do Hyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (K.C.C.); (D.H.L.); (J.W.L.); (Y.K.L.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (K.C.C.); (D.H.L.); (J.W.L.); (Y.K.L.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Jin Suk Lee
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeon Kyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (K.C.C.); (D.H.L.); (J.W.L.); (Y.K.L.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Moon Jung Choi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA;
| | - Hwa Yeon Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang-Gun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (K.C.C.); (D.H.L.); (J.W.L.); (Y.K.L.); (C.-G.L.)
| | - Yong Serk Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (K.C.C.); (D.H.L.); (J.W.L.); (Y.K.L.); (C.-G.L.)
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Hanafy MS, Dao HM, Xu H, Koleng JJ, Sakran W, Cui Z. Effect of the amount of cationic lipid used to complex siRNA on the cytotoxicity and proinflammatory activity of siRNA-solid lipid nanoparticles. Int J Pharm X 2023; 6:100197. [PMID: 37521246 PMCID: PMC10371828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
When preparing siRNA-encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles (siRNA-SLNs), cationic lipids are commonly included to condense and lipophilize the siRNA and thus increase its encapsulation in the SLNs. Unfortunately, cationic lipids also contribute significantly to the cytotoxicity and proinflammatory activity of the SLNs. Previously, our group developed a TNF-α siRNA-SLN formulation that showed strong activity against rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive to methotrexate in a mouse model. The siRNA-SLNs were composed of lecithin, cholesterol, an acid-sensitive stearoyl polyethylene glycol (2000) conjugate, and siRNA complexes with 1,2-dioleoyl-3trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), a cationic lipid. The present study was designed to study the effect of the amount of DOTAP used to complex the siRNA on the cytotoxicity and proinflammatory activity of the resultant siRNA-SLNs. A small library of siRNA-SLNs prepared at various ratios of DOTAP to siRNA (i.e., nitrogen to phosphate (N/P) ratios ranging from 34:1 to 1:1) were prepared and characterized, and the cytotoxicity and proinflammatory activity of selected formulations were evaluated in cell culture. As expected, the siRNA-SLNs prepared at the highest N/P ratio showed the highest cytotoxicity to J774A.1 macrophage cells and reducing the N/P ratio lowered the cytotoxicity of the siRNA-SLNs. Unexpectedly, the cytotoxicity of the siRNA-SLNs reached the lowest at the N/P ratios of 16:1 and 12:1, and further reducing the N/P ratio resulted in siRNA-SLNs with increased cytotoxicity. For example, siRNA-SLNs prepared at the N/P ratio of 1:1 was more cytotoxic than the ones prepared at the N/P ratio 12:1. This finding was confirmed using neutrophils differentiated from mouse MPRO cell line. The DOTAP release from the siRNA-SLNs prepared at the N/P ratio of 1:1 was faster than from the ones prepared at the N/P ratio of 12:1. The siRNA-SLNs prepared at N/P ratios of 12:1 and 1:1 showed comparable proinflammatory activities in both macrophages and neutrophils. Additionally, the TNF-α siRNA-SLNs prepared at the N/P ratios of 12:1 and 1:1 were equally effective in downregulating TNF-α expression in J774A.1 macrophages. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that at least in vitro in cell culture, reducing the amount of cationic lipids used when preparing siRNA-SLNs can generally help reduce the cytotoxicity of the resultant SLNs, but siRNA-SLNs prepared with the lowest N/P ratio are not necessarily the least cytotoxic and proinflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S. Hanafy
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Huy M. Dao
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
| | - Haiyue Xu
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Wedad Sakran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
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Zhao Y, Ye Z, Song D, Wich D, Gao S, Khirallah J, Xu Q. Nanomechanical action opens endo-lysosomal compartments. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6645. [PMID: 37863882 PMCID: PMC10589329 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endo-lysosomal escape is a highly inefficient process, which is a bottleneck for intracellular delivery of biologics, including proteins and nucleic acids. Herein, we demonstrate the design of a lipid-based nanoscale molecular machine, which achieves efficient cytosolic transport of biologics by destabilizing endo-lysosomal compartments through nanomechanical action upon light irradiation. We fabricate lipid-based nanoscale molecular machines, which are designed to perform mechanical movement by consuming photons, by co-assembling azobenzene lipidoids with helper lipids. We show that lipid-based nanoscale molecular machines adhere onto the endo-lysosomal membrane after entering cells. We demonstrate that continuous rotation-inversion movement of Azo lipidoids triggered by ultraviolet/visible irradiation results in the destabilization of the membranes, thereby transporting cargoes, such as mRNAs and Cre proteins, to the cytoplasm. We find that the efficiency of cytosolic transport is improved about 2.1-fold, compared to conventional intracellular delivery systems. Finally, we show that lipid-based nanoscale molecular machines are competent for cytosolic transport of tumour antigens into dendritic cells, which induce robust antitumour activity in a melanoma mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Zhongfeng Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Donghui Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Douglas Wich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Shuliang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Jennifer Khirallah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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Ratan C, Arian AM, Rajendran R, Jayakumar R, Masson M, Mangalathillam S. Nano-based formulations of curcumin: elucidating the potential benefits and future prospects in skin cancer. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:052008. [PMID: 37582394 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acf0af] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer refers to any malignant lesions that occur in the skin and are observed predominantly in populations of European descent. Conventional treatment modalities such as excision biopsy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, electrodesiccation, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) induce several unintended side effects which affect a patient's quality of life and physical well-being. Therefore, spice-derived nutraceuticals like curcumin, which are well tolerated, less expensive, and relatively safe, have been considered a promising agent for skin cancer treatment. Curcumin, a chemical constituent extracted from the Indian spice, turmeric, and its analogues has been used in various mammalian cancers including skin cancer. Curcumin has anti-neoplastic activity by triggering the process of apoptosis and preventing the multiplication and infiltration of the cancer cells by inhibiting some signaling pathways and thus subsequently preventing the process of carcinogenesis. Curcumin is also a photosensitizer and has been used in PDT. The major limitations associated with curcumin are poor bioavailability, instability, limited permeation into the skin, and lack of solubility in water. This will constrain the use of curcumin in clinical settings. Hence, developing a proper formulation that can ideally release curcumin to its targeted site is important. So, several nanoformulations based on curcumin have been established such as nanogels, nanoemulsions, nanofibers, nanopatterned films, nanoliposomes and nanoniosomes, nanodisks, and cyclodextrins. The present review mainly focuses on curcumin and its analogues as therapeutic agents for treating different types of skin cancers. The significance of using various nanoformulations as well non-nanoformulations loaded with curcumin as an effective treatment modality for skin cancer is also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chameli Ratan
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
| | - Arya Mangalath Arian
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
| | - Rajalakshmi Rajendran
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
| | - Rangasamy Jayakumar
- Polymeric Biomaterials Lab, School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
| | - Mar Masson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Sabitha Mangalathillam
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
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Kurakula H, Vaishnavi S, Sharif MY, Ellipilli S. Emergence of Small Interfering RNA-Based Gene Drugs for Various Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20234-20250. [PMID: 37323391 PMCID: PMC10268023 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule, peptide, and protein-based drugs have been developed over decades to treat various diseases. The importance of gene therapy as an alternative to traditional drugs has increased after the discovery of gene-based drugs such as Gendicine for cancer and Neovasculgen for peripheral artery disease. Since then, the pharma sector is focusing on developing gene-based drugs for various diseases. After the discovery of the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism, the development of siRNA-based gene therapy has been accelerated immensely. siRNA-based treatment for hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (hATTR) using Onpattro and acute hepatic porphyria (AHP) by Givlaari and three more FDA-approved siRNA drugs has set up a milestone and further improved the confidence for the development of gene therapeutics for a spectrum of diseases. siRNA-based gene drugs have more advantages over other gene therapies and are under study to treat different types of diseases such as viral infections, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and many more. However, there are a few bottlenecks to realizing the full potential of siRNA-based gene therapy. They include chemical instability, nontargeted biodistribution, undesirable innate immune responses, and off-target effects. This review provides a comprehensive view of siRNA-based gene drugs: challenges associated with siRNA delivery, their potential, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Kurakula
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Swetha Vaishnavi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Mohammed Yaseen Sharif
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Satheesh Ellipilli
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
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Gretskaya N, Akimov M, Andreev D, Zalygin A, Belitskaya E, Zinchenko G, Fomina-Ageeva E, Mikhalyov I, Vodovozova E, Bezuglov V. Multicomponent Lipid Nanoparticles for RNA Transfection. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041289. [PMID: 37111773 PMCID: PMC10141487 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the wide variety of available cationic lipid platforms for the delivery of nucleic acids into cells, the optimization of their composition has not lost its relevance. The purpose of this work was to develop multi-component cationic lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with or without a hydrophobic core from natural lipids in order to evaluate the efficiency of LNPs with the widely used cationic lipoid DOTAP (1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-[trimethylammonium]-propane) and the previously unstudied oleoylcholine (Ol-Ch), as well as the ability of LNPs containing GM3 gangliosides to transfect cells with mRNA and siRNA. LNPs containing cationic lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol, and surfactants were prepared according to a three-stage procedure. The average size of the resulting LNPs was 176 nm (PDI 0.18). LNPs with DOTAP mesylate were more effective than those with Ol-Ch. Core LNPs demonstrated low transfection activity compared with bilayer LNPs. The type of phospholipid in LNPs was significant for the transfection of MDA-MB-231 and SW 620 cancer cells but not HEK 293T cells. LNPs with GM3 gangliosides were the most efficient for the delivery of mRNA to MDA-MB-231 cells and siRNA to SW620 cells. Thus, we developed a new lipid platform for the efficient delivery of RNA of various sizes to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Gretskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Mikhail Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Dmitry Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Anton Zalygin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Department of Translational Medicine, National Research Nuclear University, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Belitskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Department of Translational Medicine, National Research Nuclear University, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Galina Zinchenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elena Fomina-Ageeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Ilya Mikhalyov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elena Vodovozova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Vladimir Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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12
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Effect of PEG Anchor and Serum on Lipid Nanoparticles: Development of a Nanoparticles Tracking Method. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020597. [PMID: 36839919 PMCID: PMC9962341 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used in Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) formulations to confer stealth properties and is traditionally anchored in membranes by a lipid moiety whose length significantly impacts the LNPs fate in vivo. C18 acyl chains are efficiently anchored in the membrane, while shorter C14 lipids are quickly desorbed and replaced by a protein corona responsible for the completely different fate of LNPs. In this context, a method to predict the biological behavior of LNPs depending on the lipid-PEG dissociation was developed using the Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) method in serum. Two formulations of siRNA-containing LNPs were prepared including CSL3 or SM-102 lipids and were grafted with different lipids-PEG (C18, C14 lipids-PEG, and Ceramide-PEG). The impact of the lipid-PEG on the interactions between LNPs and serum components was demonstrated by monitoring the mean particle size and the concentration over time. In vitro, these formulations demonstrated low toxicity and efficient gene knockdown on tumor MDA-MB-231 cells, but serum was found to significantly impact the efficiency of C18-PEG-based LNPs, while it did not impact the efficiency of C14-PEG-based LNPs. The NTA method demonstrated the ability to discriminate between the behaviors of LNPs according to serum proteins' interactions. CSL3 lipid and Cer-PEG were confirmed to have promise for LNP formulation.
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13
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Research Status and Prospect of Non-Viral Vectors Based on siRNA: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043375. [PMID: 36834783 PMCID: PMC9962405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy has attracted much attention because of its unique mechanism of action, non-toxicity, and good tolerance, which can kill cancer cells without damaging healthy tissues. siRNA-based gene therapy can downregulate, enhance, or correct gene expression by introducing some nucleic acid into patient tissues. Routine treatment of hemophilia requires frequent intravenous injections of missing clotting protein. The high cost of combined therapy causes most patients to lack the best treatment resources. siRNA therapy has the potential of lasting treatment and even curing diseases. Compared with traditional surgery and chemotherapy, siRNA has fewer side effects and less damage to normal cells. The available therapies for degenerative diseases can only alleviate the symptoms of patients, while siRNA therapy drugs can upregulate gene expression, modify epigenetic changes, and stop the disease. In addition, siRNA also plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and hepatitis B. However, free siRNA is easily degraded by nuclease and has a short half-life in the blood. Research has found that siRNA can be delivered to specific cells through appropriate vector selection and design to improve the therapeutic effect. The application of viral vectors is limited because of their high immunogenicity and low capacity, while non-viral vectors are widely used because of their low immunogenicity, low production cost, and high safety. This paper reviews the common non-viral vectors in recent years and introduces their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the latest application examples.
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14
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Fopase R, Panda C, Rajendran AP, Uludag H, Pandey LM. Potential of siRNA in COVID-19 therapy: Emphasis on in silico design and nanoparticles based delivery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1112755. [PMID: 36814718 PMCID: PMC9939533 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1112755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated mRNA degradation approach have imparted its eminence against several difficult-to-treat genetic disorders and other allied diseases. Viral outbreaks and resulting pandemics have repeatedly threatened public health and questioned human preparedness at the forefront of drug design and biomedical readiness. During the recent pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2, mRNA-based vaccination strategies have paved the way for a new era of RNA therapeutics. RNA Interference (RNAi) based approach using small interfering RNA may complement clinical management of the COVID-19. RNA Interference approach will primarily work by restricting the synthesis of the proteins required for viral replication, thereby hampering viral cellular entry and trafficking by targeting host as well as protein factors. Despite promising benefits, the stability of small interfering RNA in the physiological environment is of grave concern as well as site-directed targeted delivery and evasion of the immune system require immediate attention. In this regard, nanotechnology offers viable solutions for these challenges. The review highlights the potential of small interfering RNAs targeted toward specific regions of the viral genome and the features of nanoformulations necessary for the entrapment and delivery of small interfering RNAs. In silico design of small interfering RNA for different variants of SARS-CoV-2 has been discussed. Various nanoparticles as promising carriers of small interfering RNAs along with their salient properties, including surface functionalization, are summarized. This review will help tackle the real-world challenges encountered by the in vivo delivery of small interfering RNAs, ensuring a safe, stable, and readily available drug candidate for efficient management of SARS-CoV-2 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushikesh Fopase
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Chinmaya Panda
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Amarnath P. Rajendran
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludag
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,*Correspondence: Lalit M. Pandey, ; Hasan Uludag,
| | - Lalit M. Pandey
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India,*Correspondence: Lalit M. Pandey, ; Hasan Uludag,
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15
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da Silva TN, de Lima EV, Barradas TN, Testa CG, Picciani PH, Figueiredo CP, do Carmo FA, Clarke JR. Nanosystems for gene therapy targeting brain damage caused by viral infections. Mater Today Bio 2023; 18:100525. [PMID: 36619201 PMCID: PMC9816812 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several human pathogens can cause long-lasting neurological damage. Despite the increasing clinical knowledge about these conditions, most still lack efficient therapeutic interventions. Gene therapy (GT) approaches comprise strategies to modify or adjust the expression or function of a gene, thus providing therapy for human diseases. Since recombinant nucleic acids used in GT have physicochemical limitations and can fail to reach the desired tissue, viral and non-viral vectors are applied to mediate gene delivery. Although viral vectors are associated to high levels of transfection, non-viral vectors are safer and have been further explored. Different types of nanosystems consisting of lipids, polymeric and inorganic materials are applied as non-viral vectors. In this review, we discuss potential targets for GT intervention in order to prevent neurological damage associated to infectious diseases as well as the role of nanosized non-viral vectors as agents to help the selective delivery of these gene-modifying molecules. Application of non-viral vectors for delivery of GT effectors comprise a promising alternative to treat brain inflammation induced by viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuelle V. de Lima
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Thaís Nogueira Barradas
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Carla G. Testa
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Paulo H.S. Picciani
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IMA/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Claudia P. Figueiredo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Flavia A. do Carmo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
| | - Julia R. Clarke
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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16
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Hu D, Li X, Nie S, Wang S. Role of biomimetic nanomaterials made from glioma cell- derived extracellular vesicles in targeted delivery of STAT3-siRNA. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:1646-1654. [PMID: 36748374 PMCID: PMC10930272 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor and there is still no ideal treatment at present. Gene therapy, as one of the new methods for treating glioma, has attracted attention in recent years. But its application in treating glioma is very limited due to lack of effective delivery vectors. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of biomimetic nanomaterials made from glioma cells-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) for targeted delivery of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3)-small interfering RNA (siRNA) in treating glioma. METHODS First, U251 glioma cells-derived extracellular vessel (EVU251) was extracted by ultra-centrifugal method. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to characterize the particle size distribution, the transmission electron microscope was used to analyze the morphology, and Western blotting was used to verify the expression of srface characteristic protein. The homing ability was verified by cell uptake assay after labeling EVU251 with membrane dye kit PKH67; the EVU251 contents were removed by a low permeability method and then EVMU251 was prepared through a microporous membrane. Finally, the biomimetic nanomaterials EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA were prepared by loading STAT3-SiRNA with electro-dyeing method. The real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify the successful encapsulation of siRNA, and the encapsulation and drug loading rate was calculated; then Cy5-labeled siRNA was used to evaluate the ability of biomimetic nanomaterials (EVMU251@CY5-siRNA) to target U251 cells. Lysosomal escape ability of the biomimetic nanomaterial was evaluated by lysosomal dye lyso-tracker green. At last, the ability of EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA to knock down STAT3 gene and selective killing of U251 cells was detected by cell experiments in vitro. RESULTS The size of EVU251 ranged from 50 nm to 200 nm with a natural disc shape. The expression of extracellular vesicle marker proteins could be detected on the membrane of EVU251. The cell uptake assay demonstrated that it had homing ability to target U251 cells. After EVU251 was prepared as EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA, the particle size was (177.9±5.0) nm, the siRNA loading rate was (33.5±2.2)% and the drug loading rate was (3.24±0.21)%. The biomimetic nanomaterial EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA still had the ability to target U251 cells and successfully deliver siRNA to the cytoplasm without lysosomal degradation. The EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA can effectively knock down the expression of STAT3 gene and produce selective killing ability in U251 cells. CONCLUSIONS The biomimetic nanomaterials EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA made from glioma U251 cells-derived extracellular vesicles can knock down STAT3 gene of U251 cells and produce selective killing effect, which can provide a new idea for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Preparation Research and Development, Changsha Medical College, Changsha 410219
| | - Shengdan Nie
- Office of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China.
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083.
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17
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Pistono P, Huang P, Brauer DD, Francis MB. Fitness Landscape-Guided Engineering of Locally Supercharged Virus-like Particles with Enhanced Cell Uptake Properties. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:3367-3378. [PMID: 36378277 PMCID: PMC9764284 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein-based nanoparticles are useful models for the study of self-assembly and attractive candidates for drug delivery. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are especially promising platforms for expanding the repertoire of therapeutics that can be delivered effectively as they can deliver many copies of a molecule per particle for each delivery event. However, their use is often limited due to poor uptake of VLPs into mammalian cells. In this study, we use the fitness landscape of the bacteriophage MS2 VLP as a guide to engineer capsid variants with positively charged surface residues to enhance their uptake into mammalian cells. By combining mutations with positive fitness scores that were likely to produce assembled capsids, we identified two key double mutants with internalization efficiencies as much as 67-fold higher than that of wtMS2. Internalization of these variants with positively charged surface residues depends on interactions with cell surface sulfated proteoglycans, and yet, they are biophysically similar to wtMS2 with low cytotoxicity and an overall negative charge. Additionally, the best-performing engineered MS2 capsids can deliver a potent anticancer small-molecule therapeutic with efficacy levels similar to antibody-drug conjugates. Through this work, we were able to establish fitness landscape-based engineering as a successful method for designing VLPs with improved cell penetration. These findings suggest that VLPs with positive surface charge could be useful in improving the delivery of small-molecule- and nucleic acid-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige
E. Pistono
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Paul Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Daniel D. Brauer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Matthew B. Francis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
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18
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Zhang L, Liang Y, Liang G, Tian Z, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Ji X. The therapeutic prospects of N-acetylgalactosamine-siRNA conjugates. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1090237. [PMID: 36588695 PMCID: PMC9794871 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1090237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference has become increasingly used for genetic therapy following the rapid development of oligonucleotide drugs. Significant progress has been made in its delivery system and implementation in the treatment of target organs. After a brief introduction of RNA interference technology and siRNA, the efficiency and stability of GalNAc-siRNA conjugates are highlighted since several oligonucleotide drugs of GalNAc have been approved for clinical use in recent years. The structure and features of GalNAc-siRNA conjugates are studied and the clinical efficiency and limitations of oligonucleotide-based drugs are summarized and investigated. Furthermore, another delivery system, lipid nanoparticles, that confer many advantages, is concluded, includ-ing stability and mass production, compared with GalNAc-siRNA conjugates. Importantly, developing new approaches for the use of oligonucleotide drugs brings hope to genetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yayu Liang
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guohui Liang
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhili Tian
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of General Practice, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhihui Liu, ; Xinying Ji,
| | - Xinying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China,*Correspondence: Zhihui Liu, ; Xinying Ji,
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19
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Oral Nanomedicines for siRNA Delivery to Treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091969. [PMID: 36145716 PMCID: PMC9503894 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) therapies have significant potential for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Although administering small interfering RNA (siRNA) via an oral route is desirable, various hurdles including physicochemical, mucus, and cellular uptake barriers of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) impede both the delivery of siRNA to the target site and the action of siRNA drugs at the target site. In this review, we first discuss various physicochemical and biological barriers in the GI tract. Furthermore, we present recent strategies and the progress of oral siRNA delivery strategies to treat IBD. Finally, we consider the challenges faced in the use of these strategies and future directions of oral siRNA delivery strategies.
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20
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Tsakiri M, Zivko C, Demetzos C, Mahairaki V. Lipid-based nanoparticles and RNA as innovative neuro-therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:900610. [PMID: 36016560 PMCID: PMC9395673 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.900610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-delivery is a promising tool to develop therapies for difficult to treat diseases such as neurological disorders, by silencing pathological genes or expressing therapeutic proteins. However, in many cases RNA delivery requires a vesicle that could effectively protect the molecule from bio-degradation, bypass barriers i.e., the blood brain barrier, transfer it to a targeted tissue and efficiently release the RNA inside the cells. Many vesicles such as viral vectors, and polymeric nanoparticles have been mentioned in literature. In this review, we focus in the discussion of lipid-based advanced RNA-delivery platforms. Liposomes and lipoplexes, solid lipid nanoparticles and lipid nanoparticles are the main categories of lipidic platforms for RNA-delivery to the central nervous systems (CNS). A variety of surface particles' modifications and routes of administration have been studied to target CNS providing encouraging results in vivo. It is concluded that lipid-based nanoplatforms will play a key role in the development of RNA neuro-therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsakiri
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Cristina Zivko
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Mahairaki
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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21
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Lee J, Kim D, Byun J, Wu Y, Park J, Oh YK. In vivo fate and intracellular trafficking of vaccine delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114325. [PMID: 35550392 PMCID: PMC9085465 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
With the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, vaccine delivery systems emerged as a core technology for global public health. Given that antigen processing takes place inside the cell, the intracellular delivery and trafficking of a vaccine antigen will contribute to vaccine efficiency. Investigations focusing on the in vivo behavior and intracellular transport of vaccines have improved our understanding of the mechanisms relevant to vaccine delivery systems and facilitated the design of novel potent vaccine platforms. In this review, we cover the intracellular trafficking and in vivo fate of vaccines administered via various routes and delivery systems. To improve immune responses, researchers have used various strategies to modulate vaccine platforms and intracellular trafficking. In addition to progress in vaccine trafficking studies, the challenges and future perspectives for designing next-generation vaccines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Byun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yina Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Zhang C, Ma Y, Zhang J, Kuo JCT, Zhang Z, Xie H, Zhu J, Liu T. Modification of Lipid-Based Nanoparticles: An Efficient Delivery System for Nucleic Acid-Based Immunotherapy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061943. [PMID: 35335310 PMCID: PMC8949521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs) are biocompatible and biodegradable vesicles that are considered to be one of the most efficient drug delivery platforms. Due to the prominent advantages, such as long circulation time, slow drug release, reduced toxicity, high transfection efficiency, and endosomal escape capacity, such synthetic nanoparticles have been widely used for carrying genetic therapeutics, particularly nucleic acids that can be applied in the treatment for various diseases, including congenital diseases, cancers, virus infections, and chronic inflammations. Despite great merits and multiple successful applications, many extracellular and intracellular barriers remain and greatly impair delivery efficacy and therapeutic outcomes. As such, the current state of knowledge and pitfalls regarding the gene delivery and construction of LBNPs will be initially summarized. In order to develop a new generation of LBNPs for improved delivery profiles and therapeutic effects, the modification strategies of LBNPs will be reviewed. On the basis of these developed modifications, the performance of LBNPs as therapeutic nanoplatforms have been greatly improved and extensively applied in immunotherapies, including infectious diseases and cancers. However, the therapeutic applications of LBNPs systems are still limited due to the undesirable endosomal escape, potential aggregation, and the inefficient encapsulation of therapeutics. Herein, we will review and discuss recent advances and remaining challenges in the development of LBNPs for nucleic acid-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (C.Z.); (J.C.-T.K.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yifan Ma
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (Y.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (Y.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jimmy Chun-Tien Kuo
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (C.Z.); (J.C.-T.K.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhongkun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (C.Z.); (J.C.-T.K.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Haotian Xie
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Jing Zhu
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (T.L.); Tel.: +1-614-570-1164 (J.Z.); +86-186-6501-3854 (T.L.)
| | - Tongzheng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (T.L.); Tel.: +1-614-570-1164 (J.Z.); +86-186-6501-3854 (T.L.)
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Jbara-Agbaria D, Blondzik S, Burger-Kentischer A, Agbaria M, Nordling-David MM, Giterman A, Aizik G, Rupp S, Golomb G. Liposomal siRNA Formulations for the Treatment of Herpes Simplex Virus-1: In Vitro Characterization of Physicochemical Properties and Activity, and In Vivo Biodistribution and Toxicity Studies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030633. [PMID: 35336008 PMCID: PMC8948811 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is highly contagious, and there is a need for a therapeutic means to eradicate it. We have identified an siRNA (siHSV) that knocks down gene expression of the infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), which is important in the regulation of HSV infection. The selected siHSV was encapsulated in liposomes to overcome its poor stability, increase cell permeability, and prolonging siRNA circulation time. Several siRNAs against ICP0 have been designed and identified. We examined the role of various parameters, including formulation technique, lipids composition, and ratio. An optimal liposomal siHSV formulation (LipDOPE-siHSV) was characterized with desirable physiochemical properties, in terms of nano-size, low polydispersity index (PDI), neutral surface charge, high siHSV loading, spherical shape, high stability in physiologic conditions in vitro, and long-term shelf-life stability (>1 year, 4 °C). The liposomes exhibited profound internalization by human keratinocytes, no cytotoxicity in cell cultures, no detrimental effect on mice liver enzymes, and a gradual endo-lysosomal escape. Mice biodistribution studies in intact mice revealed accumulation, mainly in visceral organs but also in the trigeminal ganglion. The therapeutic potential of siHSV liposomes was demonstrated by significant antiviral activity both in the plaque reduction assay and in the 3D epidermis model, and the mechanism of action was validated by the reduction of ICP0 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Jbara-Agbaria
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Saskia Blondzik
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anke Burger-Kentischer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Majd Agbaria
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Mirjam M Nordling-David
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Anna Giterman
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Gil Aizik
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Steffen Rupp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gershon Golomb
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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24
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Enzyme-sensitive nanoparticles, smart TAT and cetuximab conjugated immunoliposomes to overcome multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 441:115989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Pei Y, Bao Y, Sacchetti C, Brady J, Gillard K, Yu H, Roberts S, Rajappan K, Tanis SP, Perez-Garcia CG, Chivukula P, Karmali PP. Synthesis and bioactivity of readily hydrolysable novel cationic lipids for potential lung delivery application of mRNAs. Chem Phys Lipids 2022; 243:105178. [PMID: 35122738 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2022.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) mediated mRNA delivery has gained prominence due to the success of mRNA vaccines against Covid-19, without which it would not have been possible. However, there is little clinical validation of this technology for other mRNA-based therapeutic approaches. Systemic administration of LNPs predominantly targets the liver, but delivery to other organs remains a challenge. Local approaches remain a viable option for some disease indications, such as Cystic Fibrosis, where aerosolized delivery to airway epithelium is the preferred route of administration. With this in mind, novel cationic lipids (L1-L4) have been designed, synthesized and co-formulated with a proprietary ionizable lipid. These LNPs were further nebulized, along with baseline control DOTAP-based LNP (DOTAP+), and tested in vitro for mRNA integrity and encapsulation efficiency, as well as transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity in cell cultures. Improved biodegradability and potentially superior elimination profiles of L1-L4, in part due to physicochemical characteristics of putative metabolites, are thought to be advantageous for prospective therapeutic lung delivery applications using these lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Pei
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Yanjie Bao
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Cristiano Sacchetti
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Juthamart Brady
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Kyra Gillard
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Hailong Yu
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Scott Roberts
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Kumar Rajappan
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Steven P Tanis
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Carlos G Perez-Garcia
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Padmanabh Chivukula
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Priya P Karmali
- Arcturus Therapeutics. 10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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26
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Zoulikha M, Xiao Q, Boafo GF, Sallam MA, Chen Z, He W. Pulmonary delivery of siRNA against acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:600-620. [PMID: 34401226 PMCID: PMC8359643 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has been under investigation for the treatment of several unmet medical needs, including acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) wherein siRNA may be implemented to modify the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at the mRNA level. The properties such as clear anatomy, accessibility, and relatively low enzyme activity make the lung a good target for local siRNA therapy. However, the translation of siRNA is restricted by the inefficient delivery of siRNA therapeutics to the target cells due to the properties of naked siRNA. Thus, this review will focus on the various delivery systems that can be used and the different barriers that need to be surmounted for the development of stable inhalable siRNA formulations for human use before siRNA therapeutics for ALI/ARDS become available in the clinic.
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Key Words
- AAV, adeno-associated virus
- ALI/ARDS
- ALI/ARDS, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome
- AM, alveolar macrophage
- ATI, alveolar cell type I
- ATII, alveolar cell type II
- AV, adenovirus
- Ago-2, argonaute 2
- CFDA, China Food and Drug Administration
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CPP, cell-penetrating peptide
- CS, cigarette smoke
- CXCR4, C–X–C motif chemokine receptor type 4
- Cellular uptake
- DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns
- DC-Chol, 3β-(N-(N′,N′-dimethylethylenediamine)-carbamoyl) cholesterol
- DDAB, dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide
- DODAP, 1,2-dioleyl-3-dimethylammonium-propane
- DODMA, 1,2-dioleyloxy-N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropane
- DOGS, dioctadecyl amido glycin spermine
- DOPC, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- DOPE, 1,2-dioleoyl-l-α-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine
- DOSPA, 2,3-dioleyloxy-N-[2-(sperminecarboxamido)ethyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium
- DOTAP, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane
- DOTMA, N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium
- DPI, dry powder inhaler
- DPPC, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- Drug delivery
- EC, endothelial cell
- EPC, egg phosphatidylcholine
- EXOs, exosomes
- Endosomal escape
- EpiC, epithelial cell
- FDA, US Food and Drug Administration
- HALI, hyperoxic acute lung injury
- HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1
- HMVEC, human primary microvascular endothelial cell
- HNPs, hybrid nanoparticles
- Hem-CLP, hemorrhagic shock followed by cecal ligation and puncture septic challenge
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- IFN, interferons
- Inflammatory diseases
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- MEND, multifunctional envelope-type nano device
- MIF, macrophage migration inhibitory factor
- Myd88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88
- N/P ratio, nitrogen /phosphate ratio
- NETs, neutrophil extracellular traps
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B
- NPs, nanoparticles
- Nanoparticles
- PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
- PAMAM, polyamidoamine
- PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PD-L1, programmed death ligand-1
- PDGFRα, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α
- PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PEI, polyethyleneimine
- PF, pulmonary fibrosis
- PFC, perfluorocarbon
- PLGA, poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PMs, polymeric micelles
- PRR, pattern recognition receptor
- PS, pulmonary surfactant
- Pulmonary administration
- RIP2, receptor-interacting protein 2
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- RNAi, RNA interference
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SLN, solid lipid nanoparticle
- SNALP, stable nucleic acid lipid particle
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- VALI, ventilator-associated lung injury
- VILI, ventilator-induced lung injury
- dsDNA, double-stranded DNA
- dsRNA, double-stranded RNA
- eggPG, l-α-phosphatidylglycerol
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- miRNA, microRNA
- pDNA, plasmid DNA
- shRNA, short RNA
- siRNA
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
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Ansar SM, Jiang W, Mudalige T. Analysis of verteporfin liposomal formulations for phospholipids and phospholipid degradation products by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 208:114473. [PMID: 34814079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipid composition and lipid degradation are critical to the stability of liposomal formulations which can impact the safety and efficacy of the drug. Herein we developed and validated an ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) method for determining phospholipid composition and phospholipid degradation products in a verteporfin liposomal formulation (Visudyne). The high mass accuracy (<5 ppm) of the QTOF method coupled with database searching (SimLipid) and comparison with known standards accurately identified and quantified the phospholipid compositions and lipid degradation products. The analysis of Visudyne indicated that more than 50% (w/w) of the total phospholipids are composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) 14:0-14:0 and major phosphatidylglycerol (PG) species found are PG 16:0-18:2, PG 16:0-18:1, PG 18:0-18:2, and PG 18:0-18:1. The LC-MS method developed is capable of separating structural isomers such as PG 18:1-18:1 versus PG 18:0-18:2 and the separation of PG stereoisomers, such as PG 18:1-18:1 cis and PG 18:1-18:1 trans. The major lipid degradation products in Visudyne includes lysophosphatidylcholine and a few saturated and unsaturated lysophosphatidylglycerols, and free fatty acids (FFA). Each degradation product is less than 1% of the total phospholipids (w/w). In addition, the lipid profiles of naturally sourced egg PG from six different vendors were compared with the PG composition in Visudyne. Differences in lipid composition in egg PGs from different vendors were observed and the PG composition in Visudyne is matched with the lipid profile of the some of the egg PGs from different vendors. Drug developers can utilize this method to assess raw materials and lipid-based drug product quality and regulatory scientists can monitor the quality of the drug available in the market using this validated method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyam M Ansar
- Arkansas Laboratory, Office of Regulatory Science, Office of Regulatory Affairs, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Wenlei Jiang
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| | - Thilak Mudalige
- Arkansas Laboratory, Office of Regulatory Science, Office of Regulatory Affairs, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
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Kim J, Kim JY, Kim H, Kim E, Park S, Ryu KH, Lee EG. Increasing Transfection Efficiency of Lipoplexes by Modulating Complexation Solution for Transient Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212344. [PMID: 34830226 PMCID: PMC8619889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient gene expression is a suitable tool for the production of biopharmaceutical candidates in the early stage of development and provides a simple and rapid alternative to the generation of stable cell line. In this study, an efficient transient gene expression methodology using DC-Chol/DOPE cationic liposomes and pDNA in Chinese hamster ovary suspension cells was established through screening of diverse lipoplex formation conditions. We modulated properties of both the liposome formation and pDNA solution, together called complexation solutions. Protein expression and cellular cytotoxicity were evaluated following transfection over the cell cultivation period to select the optimal complexation solution. Changes in hydrodynamic size, polydispersity index, and ζ potential of the liposomes and lipoplexes were analyzed depending on the various pH ranges of the complexation solutions using dynamic light scattering. The transfer of lipoplexes to the cytosol and their conformation were traced using fluorescence analysis until the early period of transfection. As a result, up to 1785 mg/L and 191 mg/L of human Fc protein and immunoglobulin G (bevacizumab), respectively, were successfully produced using acidic liposome formation and alkaline pDNA solutions. We expect that this lipoplex formation in acidic and alkaline complexation solutions could be an effective methodology for a promising gene delivery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemun Kim
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.K.)
- Bioprocess Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28116, Korea; (H.K.); (E.K.); (S.P.); (K.-H.R.)
| | - Ji Yul Kim
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.K.)
- Bioprocess Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28116, Korea; (H.K.); (E.K.); (S.P.); (K.-H.R.)
| | - Hyeonkyeong Kim
- Bioprocess Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28116, Korea; (H.K.); (E.K.); (S.P.); (K.-H.R.)
| | - Eunsil Kim
- Bioprocess Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28116, Korea; (H.K.); (E.K.); (S.P.); (K.-H.R.)
| | - Soonyong Park
- Bioprocess Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28116, Korea; (H.K.); (E.K.); (S.P.); (K.-H.R.)
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Ryu
- Bioprocess Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28116, Korea; (H.K.); (E.K.); (S.P.); (K.-H.R.)
| | - Eun Gyo Lee
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.K.)
- Bioprocess Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28116, Korea; (H.K.); (E.K.); (S.P.); (K.-H.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-240-6633
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29
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Zhang G, Sun J. Lipid in Chips: A Brief Review of Liposomes Formation by Microfluidics. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:7391-7416. [PMID: 34764647 PMCID: PMC8575451 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s331639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are ubiquitous tools in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, membrane science and artificial cell. Micro- and nanofabrication techniques have revolutionized the preparation of liposomes on the microscale. State-of-the-art liposomal formation on microfluidic chips and its associated applications are introduced in this review. We attempt to provide a reference for liposomal researchers by comparing various microfluidic techniques for liposomes formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Grace VMB, Wilson DD, Guruvayoorappan C, Danisha JP, Bonati L. Liposome nano-formulation with cationic polar lipid DOTAP and cholesterol as a suitable pH-responsive carrier for molecular therapeutic drug (all-trans retinoic acid) delivery to lung cancer cells. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 15:380-390. [PMID: 34694713 PMCID: PMC8675848 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular targeted drug ATRA demands a suitable carrier that delivers to the cancer site due to its poor bioavailability and drug resistance. ATRA, being a lipid with carboxylic acid, has been nano‐formulated as a cationic lipo‐ATRA with DOTAP:cholesterol:ATRA (5:4:1) and its pH‐responsive release, intracellular drug accumulation, and anticancer effect on human lung cancer (A549) cell line analysed. The analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of the developed lipo‐ATRA (0.8 µmol) revealed that the size of 231 ± 2.35 d.nm had a zeta potential of 6.4 ± 1.19 and an encapsulation efficiency of 93.7 ± 3.6%. The ATRA release from lipo‐ATRA in vitro was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher at acidic pH 6 compared to pH 7.5. The intracellular uptake of ATRA into lipo‐ATRA‐treated A549 cells was seven‐fold higher (0.007 ± 0.001 mg/ml) while only three‐fold uptake was observed in free ATRA treatment (0.003 ± 0.002 mg/ml). The lipo‐ATRA treatment caused a highly significant (p ≤ 0.001) decrease in percent cell viability at 48 h when compared with the free ATRA treatment. Overall, the results proved that the developed lipo‐ATRA has suitable physicochemical properties with enhanced ATRA release at acidic pH, while maintaining stability at physiologic pH and temperature. This resulted in an increased ATRA uptake by lung cancer cells with enhanced treatment efficiency. Hence, it is concluded that DOTAP lipo‐ATRA is a suitable carrier for ATRA delivery to solid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Devarajan David Wilson
- School of Science, Arts, Media and Management, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Jesubatham Perinba Danisha
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lucia Bonati
- IAESTE Intern at Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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31
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Nardo D, Akers CM, Cheung NE, Isom CM, Spaude JT, Pack DW, Venditto VJ. Cyanuric chloride as the basis for compositionally diverse lipids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24752-24761. [PMID: 34354826 PMCID: PMC8280964 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02425f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanuric chloride has been utilized in the development of new synthetic lipid compounds using two differing schemes. The resulting lipids, presented in this manuscript, were characterized and evaluated for their ability to form nanoparticles and subsequently tested for their utility in various biological applications, including gene delivery and immunization. Of the 12 lipids synthesized, 8 formed nanoparticles that remained stable, based on dynamic light scattering, for at least one month. The compounds were then assessed for their toxicity, and subsequently tested for their ability to encapsulate drugs, genes and peptides. While the compounds did not seem to encapsulate carboxyfluorescein, we demonstrate that these lipids are capable of plasmid delivery in vitro, and inducing antibody profiles similar to other hydrophobic anchors in liposomal peptide vaccines. This strategy for accessing diverse lipid compounds offers a way to easily optimize lipid-based therapeutics for research in an expedited manner. Cyanuric chloride enables facile synthesis of lipids with unique biophysical properties for use in gene and vaccine delivery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- David Nardo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington KY 40536 USA
| | - Caleb M Akers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington KY 40536 USA
| | - Nicholas E Cheung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington KY 40536 USA
| | - Cierra M Isom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington KY 40536 USA
| | - Jason T Spaude
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington KY 40536 USA
| | - Daniel W Pack
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington KY 40536 USA .,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky College of Engineering Lexington KY 40536 USA
| | - Vincent J Venditto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington KY 40536 USA
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32
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Berger M, Lechanteur A, Evrard B, Piel G. Innovative lipoplexes formulations with enhanced siRNA efficacy for cancer treatment: Where are we now? Int J Pharm 2021; 605:120851. [PMID: 34217823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, RNA interference has become an extensively studied mechanism to silence gene and treat diseases including cancer. siRNA appears as a promising strategy that could avoid some side effects related to traditional chemotherapy. Considering the weak stability of naked siRNA in blood, vectors like cationic liposomes or Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) are widely used to carry and protect siRNA until it reaches the tumor targeted. Despite extensive research, only three RNAi drugs are currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration, including only one LNP formulation of siRNA to treat hereditary ATTR amyloidosis. This shows the difficulty of lipoplexes clinical translation, in particular in cancer therapy. To overcome the lipoplexes limitations, searches are made on innovative lipoplexes formulations with enhanced siRNA efficacy. The present review is focusing on the recent use of pH-sensitive lipids, peptides and cell-penetrating peptides or polymers. The incorporation of some of these components in the lipoplex formulation induces a fusogenic property or an enhanced endosomal escape, an enhanced cellular uptake, an enhanced tumor targeting, an improved stability in the blood stream …These innovations appear critical to obtain an efficient siRNA accumulation in tumor cells with effective antitumor effect considering the complex tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Berger
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liege, Belgium.
| | - Anna Lechanteur
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liege, Belgium.
| | - Brigitte Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liege, Belgium.
| | - Géraldine Piel
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liege, Belgium.
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33
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Boonstra E, Hatano H, Miyahara Y, Uchida S, Goda T, Cabral H. A proton/macromolecule-sensing approach distinguishes changes in biological membrane permeability during polymer/lipid-based nucleic acid delivery. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4298-4302. [PMID: 34018540 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Endosomal escape is crucial for the delivery of nucleic acids. However, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms is still deficient. In this work, we explored the effects of lipid- and polymer-based transfection reagents on the permeability of cellular membranes through an innovative method combining a proton-sensing transistor and a cytosolic LDH leakage assay, which allows us to distinguish between modes of molecule permeation that may occur during endosomal escape. By testing the commercial reagents lipofectin and in vivo JetPEI under physiological and endosomal pH conditions, we found that both lipid- and polymer-based transfection reagents have pH-dependent pore-forming activity, with the former creating smaller pores than the latter. This versatile approach of assessing carrier-membrane interactions is expected to contribute to the development of next-generation nucleic acid delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eger Boonstra
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Hatano
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Tatsuro Goda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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Montazeri Aliabadi H, Totonchy J, Mahdipoor P, Parang K, Uludağ H. Suppression of Human Coronavirus 229E Infection in Lung Fibroblast Cells via RNA Interference. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.670543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive efforts to repurpose approved drugs, discover new small molecules, and develop vaccines, COVID-19 pandemic is still claiming victims around the world. The current arsenal of antiviral compounds did not perform well in the past viral infections (e.g., SARS), which casts a shadow of doubt for use against the new SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines should offer the ultimate protection; however, there is limited information about the longevity of the generated immunity and the protection against possible mutations. This study uses Human Coronavirus 229E as a model coronavirus to test the hypothesis that effective delivery of virus-specific siRNAs to infected cells will result in lower viral load and reduced cell death. Two different categories of nucleic acid delivery systems, Peptide/Lipid-Associated Nucleic Acids (PLANAs) and lipophilic polymers, were investigated for their toxicity in human lung fibroblast cells and their ability to deliver specific siRNAs targeting Spike and Envelope proteins in order to prevent cell death in infected cells. Selected siRNAs were effectively delivered to human lung fibroblast cells with negligible toxicity. Cell death due to viral infection was significantly reduced with individual and combinatorial silencing of selected viral proteins. The combinatorial silencing of Spike and Envelope proteins restored the cell viability completely and eliminated plaques in the investigated system. Our cell culture data indicate promising results for the RNAi based approach as an alternative antiviral treatment.
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Ahmed S, Salmon H, Distasio N, Do HD, Scherman D, Alhareth K, Tabrizian M, Mignet N. Viscous Core Liposomes Increase siRNA Encapsulation and Provides Gene Inhibition When Slightly Positively Charged. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040479. [PMID: 33916066 PMCID: PMC8066317 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, evidence that siRNA was able to act as an RNA interference effector, led to its acceptation as a novel medicine. The siRNA approach is very effective, due to its catalytic mechanism, but still the limitations of its cellular delivery should be addressed. One promising form of non-viral gene delivery system is liposomes. The variable and versatile nature of the lipids keeps the possibility to upgrade the liposomal structure, which makes them suitable for encapsulation and delivery of drugs. However, to avoid the limitation of fast release for the hydrophilic drug, we previously designed viscous core liposomes. We aimed in this work to evaluate if these viscous core liposomes (NvcLs) could be of interest for siRNA encapsulation. Then, we sought to add a limited amount of positive charges to provide cell interaction and transfection. Cationic lipid dimyristoylaminopropylaminopropyl or the polymer poly(ethylenimine) were incorporated in NvcL to produce positively charged viscous core liposomes (PvcL) by a customized microfluidic device. We found that NvcLs increased the encapsulation efficiency and loading content with regards to the neutral liposome. Both PvcLPEI and PvcLDMAPAP exhibited transfection and GFP knock-down (≈40%) in both 2D and 3D cell cultures. Finally, the addition of slight positive charges did not induce cell toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Ahmed
- Unité des Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques Pour la Santé (UTCBS), CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.); (H.D.D.); (D.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Hugo Salmon
- Biomedical Engineering Department and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3775 University St, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (H.S.); (N.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Nicholas Distasio
- Biomedical Engineering Department and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3775 University St, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (H.S.); (N.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Hai Doan Do
- Unité des Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques Pour la Santé (UTCBS), CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.); (H.D.D.); (D.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Daniel Scherman
- Unité des Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques Pour la Santé (UTCBS), CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.); (H.D.D.); (D.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Khair Alhareth
- Unité des Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques Pour la Santé (UTCBS), CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.); (H.D.D.); (D.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Biomedical Engineering Department and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3775 University St, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (H.S.); (N.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Nathalie Mignet
- Unité des Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques Pour la Santé (UTCBS), CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.); (H.D.D.); (D.S.); (K.A.)
- Correspondence: author:
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Loira-Pastoriza C, Vanvarenberg K, Ucakar B, Machado Franco M, Staub A, Lemaire M, Renauld JC, Vanbever R. Encapsulation of a CpG oligonucleotide in cationic liposomes enhances its local antitumor activity following pulmonary delivery in a murine model of metastatic lung cancer. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120504. [PMID: 33753161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy brings new hope to the fight against lung cancer. General immunostimulatory agents represent an immunotherapy strategy that has demonstrated efficacy with limited toxicity when delivered intratumorally. The goal of this study was to enhance the antitumor efficacy of unmethylated oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) double-stranded RNA following their local delivery in lung cancer by encapsulating them in liposomes. Liposomes encapsulation of nucleic acids could increase their uptake by lung phagocytes and thereby the activation of toll-like receptors within endosomes. Liposomes were prepared using a cationic lipid, dioleoyltrimethylammoniumpropane (DOTAP), and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the main phospholipid in lung surfactant. The liposomes permanently entrapped CpG but could not efficiently withhold poly I:C. Both poly I:C and CpG delayed tumor growth in the murine B16F10 model of metastatic lung cancer. However, only CpG increased IFN-γ levels in the lungs. Pulmonary administration of CpG was superior to its intraperitoneal injection to slow the growth of lung metastases and to induce the production of granzyme B, a pro-apoptotic protein, and IFNγ, MIG and RANTES, T helper type 1 cytokines and chemokines, in the lungs. These antitumor activities of CpG were strongly enhanced by CpG encapsulation in DOTAP/DPPC liposomes. Delivery of low CpG doses to the lungs induced increased inflammation markers in the airspaces but the inflammation did not reach the systemic compartment in a significant manner. These data support the use of a delivery carrier to strengthen CpG antitumor activity following its pulmonary delivery in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Loira-Pastoriza
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin Vanvarenberg
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Machado Franco
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Staub
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Muriel Lemaire
- UCLouvain, de Duve Institute, Experimental Medicine Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Rita Vanbever
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium.
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Kho KW, Berselli GB, Keyes TE. A Nanoplasmonic Assay of Oligonucleotide-Cargo Delivery from Cationic Lipoplexes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005815. [PMID: 33634594 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A powerful new biophysical model is reported to assay nanocarrier lipid membrane permeability. The approach employs a nanophotonic biophysical membrane model as an assay to study oligonucleotide escape from delivery vector following fusion with endosomal membrane that relies on plasmonic hotspots within the receptor well, below the membrane to follow cargo arrival. Through the combined use of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS), the model enables identification of a lipoplex-mediated endosomal-escape mechanism facilitated by DOTAP-oligonucleotide interaction that dictates the rate of oligonucleotide release. This work reveals a hitherto unreported release mechanism as a complex multistep interplay between the oligonucleotide cargo and the target membrane, rather than a process based solely on lipid mixing at the fusing site as previously proposed. This substantiates the observations that lipid mixing is not necessarily followed by cargo release. The approach presents a new paradigm for assessment of vector delivery at model membranes that promises to have wide application within the drug delivery design application space. Overall, this plasmonic membrane model offers a potential solution to address persistent challenges in engineering the release mechanism of large therapeutic molecules from their nanocarrier, which is a major bottleneck in intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiang W Kho
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasvenin, Dublin, D09 W6Y4, Ireland
| | - Guilherme B Berselli
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasvenin, Dublin, D09 W6Y4, Ireland
| | - Tia E Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasvenin, Dublin, D09 W6Y4, Ireland
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Combining dexamethasone and TNF-α siRNA within the same nanoparticles to enhance anti-inflammatory effect. Int J Pharm 2021; 598:120381. [PMID: 33610735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose to combine two therapeutic anti-inflammatory approaches with different mechanisms of action in a single drug delivery system consisting of cationic dexamethasone palmitate nanoparticles (CDXP-NP) associated with TNF-α siRNA. The CDXP-NPs are obtained by the solvent emulsion evaporation technique using dexamethasone palmitate, a prodrug of dexamethasone, associated with a cationic lipid, DOTAP. Their physicochemical properties as well as their ability to bind siRNA were evaluated through gel electrophoresis and siRNA binding quantification. SiRNA cellular uptake was assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy on RAW264.7 macrophages. TNF-α inhibition was determined on LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Stable and monodisperse nanoparticles around 100 nm with a positive zeta potential (+59 mV) were obtained with an encapsulation efficiency of the prodrug of 95%. A nitrogen/phosphate (N/P) ratio of 10 was selected that conferred the total binding of siRNA to the nanoparticles. Using these CDXP-siRNA-NPs, the siRNA was strongly internalized by RAW264.7 macrophage cells and localized within the cytoplasm. On the LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, a larger inhibition of TNF-α was observed with CDXP-siRNA-NPs compared to CDXP-NPs alone. In conclusion, from these data, it is clear that a combination of DXP and TNF-α siRNA therapy could be a novel strategy and optimized alternative approach to cure inflammatory diseases.
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Gangopadhyay S, Nikam RR, Gore KR. Folate Receptor-Mediated siRNA Delivery: Recent Developments and Future Directions for RNAi Therapeutics. Nucleic Acid Ther 2021; 31:245-270. [PMID: 33595381 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2020.0882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi), a gene regulatory process mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), has made remarkable progress as a potential therapeutic agent against various diseases. However, RNAi is associated with fundamental challenges such as poor systemic delivery and susceptibility to the nucleases. Targeting ligand-bound delivery vehicles has improved the accumulation of drug at the target site, which has resulted in high transfection efficiency and enhanced gene silencing. Recently, folate receptor (FR)-mediated targeted delivery of siRNAs has garnered attention due to their enhanced cellular uptake and high transfection efficiency toward tumor cells. Folic acid (FA), due to its small size, low immunogenicity, high in vivo stability, and high binding affinity toward FRs, has attracted much attention for targeted siRNA delivery. FRs are overexpressed in a large number of tumors, including ovarian, breast, kidney, and lung cancer cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in FA-mediated siRNA delivery to treat cancers and inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes various FA-conjugated nanoparticle systems reported so far in the literature, including liposome, silica, metal, graphene, dendrimers, chitosan, organic copolymers, and RNA nanoparticles. This review will help in the design and development of potential delivery vehicles for siRNA drug targeting to tumor cells using an FR-mediated approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Gangopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Rahul R Nikam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Kiran R Gore
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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40
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Arora S, Layek B, Singh J. Design and Validation of Liposomal ApoE2 Gene Delivery System to Evade Blood-Brain Barrier for Effective Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:714-725. [PMID: 32787268 PMCID: PMC10292003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Targeting gene-based therapeutics to the brain is a strategy actively sought to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent findings discovered the role of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoforms in the clearance of toxic amyloid beta proteins from the brain. ApoE2 isoform is beneficial for preventing AD development, whereas ApoE4 is a major contributing factor to the disease. In this paper, we demonstrated efficient brain-targeted delivery of ApoE2 encoding plasmid DNA (pApoE2) using glucose transporter-1 (glut-1) targeted liposomes. Liposomes were surface-functionalized with a glut-1 targeting ligand mannose (MAN) and a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) to enhance brain-targeting and cellular internalization, respectively. Among various CPPs, rabies virus glycoprotein peptide (RVG) or penetratin (Pen) was selected as a cell-penetration enhancer. Dual (RVGMAN and PenMAN)-functionalized liposomes were cytocompatible at 100 nM phospholipid concentration and demonstrated significantly higher expression of ApoE2 in bEnd.3 cells, primary neurons, and astrocytes compared to monofunctionalized and unmodified (plain) liposomes. Dual-modified liposomes also showed ∼2 times higher protein expression than other formulation controls in neurons cultured below the in vitro BBB model. These results translated well to in vivo efficacy study with significantly higher transfection of pApoE2 in the C57BL/6 mice brain following single tail vein administration of RVGMAN and PenMAN functionalized liposomes without any noticeable signs of toxicity. These results illustrate the potential of surface-modified liposomes for safe and brain-targeted delivery of the pApoE2 gene for effective AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, 58105 North Dakota, United States
| | - Buddhadev Layek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, 58105 North Dakota, United States
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, 58105 North Dakota, United States
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Yan S, Ren BY, Shen J. Nanoparticle-mediated double-stranded RNA delivery system: A promising approach for sustainable pest management. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:21-34. [PMID: 32478473 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) targeting lethal genes in insects has great potential for sustainable crop protection. Compared with traditional double-stranded (ds)RNA delivery systems, nanoparticles such as chitosan, liposomes, and cationic dendrimers offer advantages in delivering dsRNA/small interfering (si)RNA to improve RNAi efficiency, thus promoting the development and practice of RNAi-based pest management strategies. Here, we illustrate the limitations of traditional dsRNA delivery systems, reveal the mechanism of nanoparticle-mediated RNAi, summarize the recent progress and successful applications of nanoparticle-mediated RNAi in pest management, and finally address the prospects of nanoparticle-based RNA pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yan
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin-Yuan Ren
- National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Hall R, Alasmari A, Mozaffari S, Mahdipoor P, Parang K, Montazeri Aliabadi H. Peptide/Lipid-Associated Nucleic Acids (PLANAs) as a Multicomponent siRNA Delivery System. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:986-1002. [PMID: 33496597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
RNAi is a biological process that utilizes small interfering RNA (siRNA) to prevent the translation of mRNA to protein. This mechanism could be beneficial in preventing the overexpression of proteins in cancer. However, the cellular delivery of siRNA has proven to be challenging due to its inherent negative charge and relative instability. Here, we designed a multicomponent delivery system composed of a specifically designed peptide (linear or cyclic fatty acyl peptide conjugates and hybrid cyclic/linear peptides) and several lipids (DOTAP, DOPE, cholesterol, and phosphatidylcholine) to form a nanoparticle, which we have termed as peptide lipid-associated nucleic acids (PLANAs). Five formulations were prepared (a formulation with no peptide, which was named lipid-associated nucleic acid or LANA, and PLANA formulations A-D) using a mini extruder to form uniform nanoparticles around 100 nm in size with a slightly positive charge (less than +10 mv). Formulations were evaluated for peptide incorporation, siRNA encapsulation efficiency, release profile, toxicity, cellular uptake, and protein silencing. Our experiments showed effective encapsulation of siRNA (>95%), a controlled release profile, and negligible toxicity in formulations that did not contain a positively charged lipid. The results also revealed that PLANAs C and D exhibited optimum cellular uptake (with 80-90% siRNA-positive cells for most of the formulations). PLANA D formulation was selected to silence two model proteins (Src and RPS6KA5) in the triple-negative human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, with promising silencing efficiency, which diminished the expression of RPS6KA5 and Src to approximately 29 and 38% compared to naïve cells, respectively. Many approaches have been investigated for safe and efficient delivery of nucleic acids in the last 20 years; however, many have failed due to the multifaceted challenges to overcome. Our results show a promising potential for a multicomponent design that incorporates different components for a variety of delivery tasks, which warrants further investigation of PLANAs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryley Hall
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Abdulaziz Alasmari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Saghar Mozaffari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Parvin Mahdipoor
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
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43
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Physicochemical Factors That Influence the Biocompatibility of Cationic Liposomes and Their Ability to Deliver DNA to the Nuclei of Ovarian Cancer SK-OV-3 Cells. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020416. [PMID: 33466992 PMCID: PMC7830351 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cationic liposomes composed of 3-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] cholesterol (DC-chol) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) have previously been shown to have applications in gene delivery. Our study aims to explore the effects of inclusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and using different molar ratios of DC-chol/DOPE on size, zeta potential, cytotoxicity and DNA delivery of DC-chol/DOPE liposomes. Our results show that PEGylation reduces the cytotoxicity of DC-chol/DOPE liposomes, and, furthermore, PEGylated liposome-DNA lipoplexes are smaller in size and more uniform in size distribution than those that are not PEGylated. Additionally, toxicity against ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells decreases with the amount of cationic DC-chol present in the formulation; however, decreased delivery of DNA to cellular nuclei is also observed. Transfection with the PEGylated liposomes was successfully demonstrated using plasmid DNA with a known functional outcome. These results offer further insight into physicochemical properties important for cationic liposomes as vehicles for DNA delivery and demonstrate the potential of PEGylated DC-chol/DOPE liposomes as systemic delivery carriers for DNA-mediated ovarian cancer therapy.
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Zhao Y, Zheng H, Wang X, Zheng X, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Fei W, Zhu J, Wang W, Zheng C. Preparation and Biological Property Evaluation of Novel Cationic Lipid-Based Liposomes for Efficient Gene Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:22. [PMID: 33389222 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01868-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel cationic lipid-based liposomes prepared using an amphiphilic cationic lipid material, N,N-dimethyl-(N',N'-di-stearoyl-1-ethyl)1,3-diaminopropane (DMSP), have been proposed to enhance the transfection of nucleic acids. Herein, we designed and investigated liposomes prepared using DMSP, soybean phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol. This novel gene vector has high gene loading capabilities and excellent protection against nuclease degradation. An in vitro study showed that the liposomes had lower toxicity and superior cellular uptake and transfection efficiency compared with Lipofectamine 2000. An endosomal escape study revealed that the liposomes demonstrated high endosomal escape and released their genetic payload in the cytoplasm efficiently. Mechanistic studies indicated that the liposome/nucleic acid complexes entered cells through energy-dependent endocytosis that was mediated by fossa proteins. These results suggest that such cationic lipid-based liposome vectors have potential for clinical gene delivery.
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45
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Rucins M, Smits R, Sipola A, Vigante B, Domracheva I, Turovska B, Muhamadejev R, Pajuste K, Plotniece M, Sobolev A, Duburs G, Plotniece A. Pleiotropic Properties of Amphiphilic Dihydropyridines, Dihydropyridones, and Aminovinylcarbonyl Compounds. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8413713. [PMID: 33488932 PMCID: PMC7790557 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8413713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Three groups of synthetic lipids are chosen for studies: (1) 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) containing two cationic moieties and their analogues; (2) 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridones containing a cationic moiety; and (3) acyclic, open-chain analogues, i.e., 2-amino-3-alkoxycarbonylalkylammonium derivatives. 1,4-DHPs possessing dodecyl alkyl chains in the ester groups in positions 3 and 5 and cationic nitrogen-containing groups in positions 2 and 6 have high cytotoxicity in cancer cells HT-1080 (human lung fibrosarcoma) and MH-22A (mouse hepatoma), but low cytotoxicity in the noncancerous NIH3T3 cells (mouse embryonic fibroblast). On the contrary, similar compounds having short (methyl, ethyl, or propoxyethyl) chains in the ester groups in positions 3 and 5 lack cytotoxicity in the cancer cells HT-1080 and MH-22A even at high doses. Inclusion of fluorine atoms in the alkyl chains in positions 3 and 5 of the DHP cycle decreases the cytotoxicity of the mentioned compounds. Structurally related dihydropyridones with a polar head group are substantially more toxic to normal and cancerous cells than the DHP analogues. Open-chain analogues of DHP lipids comprise the same conjugated aminovinylcarbonyl moiety and possess anticancer activity, but they also have high basal cytotoxicity. Electrochemical oxidation data demonstrate that oxidation potentials of selected compounds are in the range of 1.6-1.7 V for cationic 1,4-DHP, 2.0-2.4 V for cationic 3,4-dihydropyridones, and 1.2-1.5 V for 2-amino-3-alkoxycarbonylalkylammonium derivatives. Furthermore, the tested cationic 1,4-DHP amphiphiles possess antiradical activity. Molecular topological polar surface area values for the tested compounds were defined in accordance with the main fragments of compound structures. The determined logP values were highest for dodecyl ester groups in positions 3 and 5 of the 1,4-DHP and lowest for short alkyl chain-containing amphiphiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martins Rucins
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Rufus Smits
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Anda Sipola
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Brigita Vigante
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Ilona Domracheva
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Baiba Turovska
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Ruslan Muhamadejev
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Karlis Pajuste
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Mara Plotniece
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Arkadij Sobolev
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Gunars Duburs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Aiva Plotniece
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
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Bellefroid C, Reusch C, Lechanteur A, Evrard B, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Mottet D, Piel G. Systematic study of liposomes composition towards efficient delivery of plasmid DNA as potential application of dermal fibroblasts targeting. Int J Pharm 2020; 593:120122. [PMID: 33307161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of non-viral DNA vectors to topically treat skin diseases has demonstrated a high potential. However, vectors applied on the skin face extracellular barriers including the stratum corneum and intracellular barriers such as the endosomal escape and the nuclear targeting of the plasmid DNA. The aim of this study was to develop a formulation suitable for dermal application and effective for delivering plasmid DNA into cells. Different formulations were prepared using different cationic lipids (DOTAP, DC-Chol, DOTMA) and co-lipids (DOPE, DSPE). Lipoplexes were produced by complexing liposomes with plasmid DNA at different pDNA/CL (w/w) ratios. Our results showed that appropriate pDNA/CL ratios allowing total complexation of plasmid DNA differed depending on the structure of the lipid used. The transfection rates showed that (i) higher rates were obtained with DOTMA lipoplexes, (ii) DC-Chol lipoplexes provided a transfection twice as important as DOTAP lipoplexes and (iii) when DSPE was added, the cytotoxicity decreased while transfection rates were similar. We found that formulations composed of DC-Chol:DOPE:DSPE or DOTMA:DOPE were appropriate to complex plasmid DNA and to transfect human primary dermal fibroblasts with efficacy and limited cytotoxicity. Therefore, these formulations are highly promising in the context of gene therapy to treat skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bellefroid
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Nanomedicine Development, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - C Reusch
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - A Lechanteur
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Nanomedicine Development, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - B Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Nanomedicine Development, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - F Debacq-Chainiaux
- URBC, Namur Research Institute for Life Science (NARILIS), University of Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - D Mottet
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - G Piel
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Nanomedicine Development, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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Abbasi R, Heschuk D, Kim B, Whyard S. A novel paperclip double-stranded RNA structure demonstrates clathrin-independent uptake in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 127:103492. [PMID: 33096213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has become a widely used technique of knocking down a gene's expression in insects, but its efficacy in some species is limited by a reduced ability of the cells to take in and disperse the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) throughout the cytoplasm. While RNA transport proteins such as SID-1 and its orthologues can facilitate dsRNA uptake in some invertebrate species, dsRNA uptake in many insects examined to date appears to be facilitated by clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). In this study, we used pharmacological inhibitors and RNAi-mediated knockdown of endocytic genes to provide evidence that CME is the primary means of dsRNA uptake in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis was sufficient to supress uptake of short (21 nt) interfering RNAs (siRNAs), short (23 nt) hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), and long (>200 nt) dsRNA molecules in Aedes aegypti cultured cells and larvae. In contrast, we observed that short (23 nt) "paperclip" RNAs (pcRNAs), with partially closed ends, efficiently enter cells via a clathrin-independent pathway and effectively facilitate transcript knockdown. This alternative dsRNA structure may prove useful in insects generally considered recalcitrant to RNAi and in insect populations where resistance to RNAi-insecticides may arise through changes in dsRNA uptake mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Abbasi
- Department of Biological Sciences, 50 Sifton Road, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Daniel Heschuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, 50 Sifton Road, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Brandon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, 50 Sifton Road, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Steve Whyard
- Department of Biological Sciences, 50 Sifton Road, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Charbe NB, Amnerkar ND, Ramesh B, Tambuwala MM, Bakshi HA, Aljabali AA, Khadse SC, Satheeshkumar R, Satija S, Metha M, Chellappan DK, Shrivastava G, Gupta G, Negi P, Dua K, Zacconi FC. Small interfering RNA for cancer treatment: overcoming hurdles in delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2075-2109. [PMID: 33304780 PMCID: PMC7714980 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In many ways, cancer cells are different from healthy cells. A lot of tactical nano-based drug delivery systems are based on the difference between cancer and healthy cells. Currently, nanotechnology-based delivery systems are the most promising tool to deliver DNA-based products to cancer cells. This review aims to highlight the latest development in the lipids and polymeric nanocarrier for siRNA delivery to the cancer cells. It also provides the necessary information about siRNA development and its mechanism of action. Overall, this review gives us a clear picture of lipid and polymer-based drug delivery systems, which in the future could form the base to translate the basic siRNA biology into siRNA-based cancer therapies.
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Key Words
- 1,3-propanediol, PEG-b-PDMAEMA-b-Ppy
- 2-propylacrylicacid, PAH-b-PDMAPMA-b-PAH
- APOB, apolipoprotein B
- AQP-5, aquaporin-5
- AZEMA, azidoethyl methacrylate
- Atufect01, β-l-arginyl-2,3-l-diaminopropionicacid-N-palmityl-N-oleyl-amide trihydrochloride
- AuNPs, gold nanoparticles
- B-PEI, branched polyethlenimine
- BMA, butyl methacrylate
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene
- CHEMS, cholesteryl hemisuccinate
- CHOL, cholesterol
- CMC, critical micelles concentration
- Cancer
- DC-Chol, 3β-[N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethane)carbamoyl]cholesterol
- DMAEMA, 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- DOPC, dioleylphosphatidyl choline
- DOPE, dioleylphosphatidyl ethanolamine
- DOTAP, N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methyl-sulfate
- DOTMA, N-[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propy]-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumchloride
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DSGLA, N,N-dis-tearyl-N-methyl-N-2[N′-(N2-guanidino-l-lysinyl)] aminoethylammonium chloride
- DSPC, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- DSPE, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine
- DSPE-MPEG, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (ammonium salt)
- DSPE-PEG-Mal: 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (mmmonium salt), EPR
- Liposomes
- Micelles
- N-acetylgalactosamine, HIF-1α
- Nanomedicine
- PE-PCL-b-PNVCL, pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)
- PLA, poly-l-arginine
- PLGA, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
- PLK-1, polo-like kinase 1
- PLL, poly-l-lysine
- PPES-b-PEO-b-PPES, poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)-block-PEO-block-poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)
- PTX, paclitaxel
- PiRNA, piwi-interacting RNA
- Polymer
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp peptide
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- RNAi, RNA interference
- RNAse III, ribonuclease III enzyme
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SNALP, stable nucleic acid-lipid particles
- SiRNA, short interfering rNA
- Small interfering RNA (siRNA)
- S–Au, thio‒gold
- TCC, transitional cell carcinoma
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- Tf, transferrin
- Trka, tropomyosin receptor kinase A
- USPIO, ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
- UV, ultraviolet
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- ZEBOV, Zaire ebola virus
- enhanced permeability and retention, Galnac
- hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, KSP
- kinesin spindle protein, LDI
- lipid-protamine-DNA/hyaluronic acid, MDR
- lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate, LPD/LPH
- messenger RNA, MTX
- methotrexate, NIR
- methoxy polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone, mRNA
- methoxypoly(ethylene glycol), MPEG-PCL
- micro RNA, MPEG
- multiple drug resistance, MiRNA
- nanoparticle, NRP-1
- near-infrared, NP
- neuropilin-1, PAA
- poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), PDO
- poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
- poly(acrylhydrazine)-block-poly(3-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide)-block-poly(acrylhydrazine), PCL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block poly(pyrenylmethyl methacrylate), PEG-b-PLL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(l-lysine), PEI
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-stat-poly(methoxyethyl methacrylate), PEO-b-PCL
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(Ε-caprolactone), PE-PCL-b-PNIPAM
- poly(Ε-caprolactone), PCL-PEG
- poly(Ε-caprolactone)-polyethyleneglycol-poly(l-histidine), PCL-PEI
- polycaprolactone-polyethyleneglycol, PCL-PEG-PHIS
- polycaprolactone-polyethylenimine, PDMA
- polyethylenimine, PEO-b-P(DEA-Stat-MEMA
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Bharat Charbe
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Nikhil D. Amnerkar
- Adv V. R. Manohar Institute of Diploma in Pharmacy, Nagpur, Maharashtra 441110, India
| | - B. Ramesh
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Hamid A. Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Alaa A.A. Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Saurabh C. Khadse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra 425 405, India
| | - Rajendran Satheeshkumar
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Saurabh Satija
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Metha
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Garima Shrivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 4860, Chile
- Corresponding authors.
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Differential flexibility leading to crucial microelastic properties of asymmetric lipid vesicles for cellular transfection: A combined spectroscopic and atomic force microscopy studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111363. [PMID: 32992288 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of microscopic elasticity of nano-carriers in cellular uptake is an important aspect in biomedical research. Herein we have used AFM nano-indentation force spectroscopy and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements to probe microelastic properties of three novel cationic liposomes based on di-alkyl dihydroxy ethyl ammonium chloride based lipids having asymmetry in their hydrophobic chains (Lip1818, Lip1814 and Lip1810). AFM data reveals that symmetry in hydrophobic chains of a cationic lipid (Lip1818) imparts higher rigidity to the resulting liposomes than those based on asymmetric lipids (Lip1814 and Lip1810). The stiffness of the cationic liposomes is found to decrease with increasing asymmetry in the hydrophobic lipid chains in the order of Lip1818 > Lip1814 > lip1810. FRET measurements between Coumarin 500 (Donor) and Merocyanine 540 (Acceptor) have revealed that full width at half-maxima (hw) of the probability distribution (P(r)) of donor-acceptor distance (r), increases in an order Lip1818 < Lip1814 < Lip1810 with increasing asymmetry of the hydrophobic lipid chains. This increase in width (hw) of the donor-acceptor distance distributions is reflective of increasing flexibility of the liposomes with increasing asymmetry of their constituent lipids. Thus, the results from AFM and FRET studies are complementary to each other and indicates that an increase in asymmetry of the hydrophobic lipid chains increases elasticity and or flexibility of the corresponding liposomes. Cell biology experiments confirm that liposomal flexibility or rigidity directly influences their cellular transfection efficiency, where Lip1814 is found to be superior than the other two liposomes manifesting that a critical balance between flexibility and rigidity of the cationic liposomes is key to efficient cellular uptake. Taken together, our studies reveal how asymmetry in the molecular architecture of the hydrophobic lipid chains influences the microelastic properties of the liposomes, and hence, their cellular uptake efficiency.
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50
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An artificial cationic oligosaccharide combined with phosphorothioate linkages strongly improves siRNA stability. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14845. [PMID: 32908235 PMCID: PMC7481297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71896-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are potential tools for gene-silencing therapy, but their instability is one of the obstacles in the development of siRNA-based drugs. To improve siRNA stability, we synthesised a double-stranded RNA-binding cationic oligodiaminogalactose 4mer (ODAGal4) and investigated here its characteristics for siRNA stabilisation in vitro. ODAGal4 improved the resistance of various siRNAs against serum degradation. The effect of ODAGal4 on siRNA stabilisation was further amplified by introduction of modified nucleotides into the siRNA. In particular, a combination of ODAGal4 and incorporation of phosphorothioate linkages into the siRNA prominently prevented degradation by serum. The half-lives of fully phosphorothioate-modified RNA duplexes with ODAGal4 were more than 15 times longer than those of unmodified siRNAs without ODAGal4; this improvement in serum stability was superior to that observed for other chemical modifications. Serum degradation assays of RNAs with multiple chemical modifications showed that ODAGal4 preferentially improves the stability of RNAs with phosphorothioate modification among chemical modifications. Furthermore, melting temperature analysis showed that ODAGal4 greatly increases the thermal stability of phosphorothioate RNAs. Importantly, ODAGal4 did not interrupt gene-silencing activity of all the RNAs tested. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ODAGal4 is a potent stabiliser of siRNAs, particularly nucleotides with phosphorothioate linkages, representing a promising tool in the development of gene-silencing therapies.
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