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Chang YH, Lin CR, Shih YL, Shih CC, Chen JY. The Relationship between Self-Reported Sitting Time and Vitamin D Levels in Middle-Aged and Elderly Taiwanese Population: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4766. [PMID: 38004158 PMCID: PMC10674870 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Many studies have revealed a relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and physical activity. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-reported sitting time and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in middle-aged and elderly adults in Taiwan. (2) Methods: A total of 396 people were enrolled in our study during a community health examination in Taiwan in 2019. We grouped participants from low to high according to their tertile of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, using the following categories: deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency. Parameters including self-reported sitting time were analyzed between each group. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to explore the relationships of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels with age-adjusted risk factors. A scatter plot demonstrated the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and self-reported sitting time. The association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and self-reported sitting time was assessed by multivariate linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and smoking and drinking status. (3) Results: We analyzed the data from 396 participants. A total of 41.4% of participants were male, and the average age of all participants was 64.91 (±8.80) years. The participants in the high serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D group were more likely to have shorter self-reported sitting time. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D was negatively correlated (Pearson's r) with self-reported sitting time, even after adjustment for age. According to the results of multivariate linear regression, vitamin D levels showed a negative association with self-reported sitting time (β = -0.131, p = 0.006) after adjustment for age, sex, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and smoking and drinking status. (4) Conclusions: According to our research, self-reported sitting time was inversely correlated with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D in middle-aged and elderly people in Taiwan. Meanwhile, longer self-reported sitting time can be an independent risk factor for lower serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Chun-Ru Lin
- Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Lin Shih
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Chuan Shih
- General Administrative Department, United Safety Medical Group, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Yuan Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
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Alvear-Vega S, Benavente-Contreras R, Vargas-Garrido H. Social determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations deficiency in older Chilean people. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18355. [PMID: 37884637 PMCID: PMC10603156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations deficiency is a growing health problem that affects a significant part of the world's population, with particularly negative consequences in children and older adults. Public health has prioritized healthy aging; thus, an investigation of the social determinants related to deficient and insufficient Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in older adults is needed to contribute to the implementation of comprehensive social programs focused on addressing those conditions adversely affecting the health of this group. This study was conducted using a sample of older adults (age ≥ 65 years, n = 1283) from the National Health Survey (NHS 2016-2017). The Average Marginal Effects of the social determinants of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations deficiency in older adults were predicted using a probit model in which the outcome variable assumed two values (deficiency or not deficiency), taking as independent variables those reported in previous studies. The model showed an adequate goodness of fit, Count R2 = 0.65, and the independent variables explained between 11% (Cox-Snell) and 14% (Nagelkerke) of the variance of the outcome variable. The social determinants associated with a greater likelihood of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations deficiency are the following conditions: women, people of native origin, urban dwellers, shorter sunlight exposure, and greater geographical latitude. Implications are discussed, and limitations are considered. Promotion and prevention programs should preferentially target older adults in the southernmost regions who live in urban areas, with a special focus on women. Due to the country's characteristics (17°-57° south latitude), it is necessary to review in future research the three zones shown in this study as relevant social determinants for the older adults living in them to generate inputs in formulating public health policies. The authorities must define the cut-off points for considering the difference between the country's ranges of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations insufficiency and deficiency.
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Mendes MM, Gomes APO, Araújo MM, Coelho ASG, Carvalho KMB, Botelho PB. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in South America: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:1290-1309. [PMID: 36882047 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D deficiency is considered a global public health issue, even in low-latitude countries where there is abundant sunlight radiation. Nevertheless, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in the South American continent has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxy-calciferol < 20 ng/mL) in South American populations. DATA SOURCES Seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, SciELO, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched systematically for observational studies published before July 1, 2021, and reporting vitamin D status of healthy adults in South America. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted using a standardized form. Risk of bias was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Instrument for Studies Reporting Prevalence. All steps were conducted independently by two authors. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Stratified meta-analysis and meta-regression were conducted (R software). DATA ANALYSIS Of 9460 articles identified, 96 studies with a total of 227 758 participants were included. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 34.76% (79 studies; 95%CI, 29.68-40.21; I2 = 99%). There were significant differences in prevalence rates related to age, sex, country, latitude, season, and year of publication. CONCLUSION The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is unexpectedly elevated in South American populations. Public health strategies should include efforts to prevent, detect, and treat vitamin D deficiency. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD42020169439.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela M Mendes
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Anna P O Gomes
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Maísa M Araújo
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S G Coelho
- Department of Biology, Agronomy School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Kênia M B Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Patrícia B Botelho
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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Dong HY, Miao CY, Zhang Y, Shan L, Feng JY, Jia FY, Du L. Risk factors for developmental quotients in ASD children: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1126622. [PMID: 36993893 PMCID: PMC10040800 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1126622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for developmental quotients (DQs) of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to better understand the effects of screen time on neurodevelopment in children with ASD.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 382 children with ASD, including demographic profiles; socioeconomic status; score on the Chinese parent–child interaction scale (CPCIS); screen time questionnaire; ASD symptom rating scales, including the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition (ADOS-2); and DQs using Griffiths Development Scales–Chinese Edition. Univariate analysis was carried out to analyze the factors related to the DQs of children with ASD, and then the linear regression model was used to identify the independent influencing factors of the DQs of children with ASD.ResultsVitamin D (β = 0.180, p = 0.002), age (β = −0.283, p = 0.000) and CARS score (β = −0.347, p = 0.000) are risk factors related to DQ of locomotor in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.108, p = 0.034), CARS score (β = −0.503, p = 0.000), ADOS-2 severity score (β = −0.109, p = 0.045) and CPCIS score (β = 0.198, p = 0.000) are risk factors related to DQ of personal social skill in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.130, p = 0.018), CARS score (β = −0.469, p = 0.000), and CPCIS score (β = 0.133, p = 0.022) are risk factors related to DQ of hearing-speech in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.163, p = 0.003) and CARS score (β = −0.471, p = 0.000) are risk factors related to DQ of eye-hand coordination in children with ASD. Age (β = −0.140, p = 0.020), CARS score (β = −0.342, p = 0.000), ADOS-2 severity score (β = −0.133, p = 0.034) and CPCIS score (β = 0.193, p = 0.002) are risk factors related to DQ of performance in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.801, p = 0.000) and CPCIS score (β = 0.394, p = 0.019) are risk factors related to DQ of practical reasoning in children with ASD.ConclusionVitamin D status, the severity of autistic symptoms and parent-child interaction are risk factors for developmental quotients in children with ASD. Screen exposure time is negatively associated with DQs in children with ASD but is not an independent risk factor for DQs.
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Ceolin C, Papa MV, De Rui M, Devita M, Sergi G, Coin A. Micronutrient Deficiency and Its Potential Role in Delirium Onset in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:785-790. [PMID: 37754219 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES One of the pathogenetic hypotheses of delirium is the "neuroinflammatory theory" with consequent neurotoxicity of brain connectivity networks. Micronutrients may play a significant role in the prevention of neuroinflammation. This systematic review addresses the role of micronutrients in the development of delirium in older populations. METHODS The EBSCO, Cochrane, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles on delirium and micronutrients. The methodological quality of the studies included in the review was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scales for observational studies and for case-control studies. RESULTS 1326 papers were identified from the searches, 7 of which met the inclusion criteria (see section 2.3). All the papers included were written in English. Delirium was predominantly secondary to post-operative dysfunction or acute medical conditions. By altering the production of neurotransmitters resulting in an imbalance, and by reducing their immunomodulatory role with a consequent increase in inflammatory oxidative stress, micronutrient deficiency seems to be associated with an increased incidence of delirium. CONCLUSIONS This review supports the existence of an association between micronutrient deficiency (i.e. cobalamin, thiamine, and vitamin D) and an increased incidence of delirium, with a greater prevalence in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ceolin
- Chiara Ceolin, MD, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy. E-mail:
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Shahid S, Chaudary MA. Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with hematological profile and anthropometry in patients with glioma. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:1547-1552. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Shahid
- National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Pakistan
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7
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Kang JH, Zeleznik O, Frueh L, Lasky-Su J, Eliassen AH, Clish C, Rosner BA, Pasquale LR, Wiggs JL. Prediagnostic Plasma Metabolomics and the Risk of Exfoliation Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:15. [PMID: 35951322 PMCID: PMC9386645 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.9.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The etiology of exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) is poorly understood. We aimed to identify a prediagnostic plasma metabolomic signature associated with XFG. Methods We conducted a 1:1 matched case-control study nested within the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We collected blood samples in 1989-1990 (Nurses' Health Study) and 1993-1995 (Health Professionals Follow-up Study). We identified 205 incident XFG cases through 2016 (average time to diagnosis from blood draw = 11.8 years) who self-reported glaucoma and were confirmed as XFG cases with medical records. We profiled plasma metabolites using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We evaluated 379 known metabolites (transformed for normality using probit scores) using multiple conditional logistic models. Metabolite set enrichment analysis was used to identify metabolite classes associated with XFG. To adjust for multiple comparisons, we used number of effective tests (NEF) and the false discovery rate (FDR). Results Mean age of cases (n = 205) at diagnosis was 71 years; 85% were women and more than 99% were Caucasian; controls (n = 205) reported eye examinations as of the matched cases' index date. Thirty-three metabolites were nominally significantly associated with XFG (P < 0.05), and 4 metabolite classes were FDR-significantly associated. We observed positive associations for lysophosphatidylcholines (FDR = 0.02) and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens (FDR = 0.004) and inverse associations for triacylglycerols (FDR < 0.0001) and steroids (FDR = 0.03). In particular, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio with each 1 standard deviation higher plasma cortisone levels was 0.49 (95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.74; NEF = 0.05). Conclusions In plasma from a decade before diagnosis, lysophosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were positively associated and triacylglycerols and steroids (e.g., cortisone) were inversely associated with XFG risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Oana Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lisa Frueh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Cashman KD. Global View of Per Capita Daily Vitamin D Supply Estimates as Proxy Measures for Vitamin D Intake Data. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10547. [PMID: 34950824 PMCID: PMC8674773 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nationally representative data on vitamin D intake can inform on the adequacy of dietary supply of vitamin D in a population, but such data is lacking for a majority of countries. Estimates of average per capita supply of vitamin D, as calculated using information from the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) national food balance sheets (FBSs) can be used as proxy measures for vitamin D intake within a population. In the present work, FAO national FBSs (from 2004 to 2017) for 173 to 178 countries around the globe were used to generate such average per capita vitamin D supply estimates. For countries where food fortification with vitamin D was common, the estimates accounted for this. Using the 2004–2013 FBS data, there was a large range in average per capita vitamin D supply ranging from 0.3 (Ethiopia) to 17.8 (Maldives) μg/d. Globally, 40, 60, 70, four, two, and two countries had average per capita vitamin D supply estimates <1.5, 1.6–3, 3.1–5.5, 5.6–7.5, 7.6–10, and >10 μg/d, respectively. Pelagic fish was the major contributory food commodity (supplying 53%–86%) in countries with supply >7.6 μg/d. Median per capita vitamin D supply estimates for constituent countries within Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania were 1.4, 2.7, 2.8, 4.1, and 4.7 μg/d, respectively. These overall supply trends were mirrored in the newer, 2014–2017 FBS data. Fortification of milk and dairy or wheat flour with vitamin D had an important impact on the vitamin D supply estimates (average increments of 1.6 and 3.1 μg/d, respectively). Overall, the work showed how the per capita daily vitamin D supply estimates, as surrogate for vitamin D intake data, can highlight countries where inadequacy of supply may be of concern. It also shows how fortification of food with vitamin D can have an important impact on addressing low vitamin D intake. © 2021 The Author. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Cashman
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland
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The Association Between Active Transportation and Serum Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Among US Childbearing-Aged Women. J Phys Act Health 2021; 19:20-28. [PMID: 34702787 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and physical activity (PA) both play important roles in maternal-fetal health. However, a high prevalence of vitamin D and PA insufficiency has been observed in women of childbearing age. Active transportation may increase overall PA levels and potentially boost serum 25(OH)D levels. METHODS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007 and 2014 were used. A total of 5601 women aged 18-49 years were included. Transportation PA (TPA) was quantified as metabolic equivalents of task and serum 25(OH)D levels was measured. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders were conducted. RESULTS The corresponding adjusted odds ratios associated with vitamin D insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) were 1.09 (95% confidence interval, 0.87-1.37) for 1 to 499 MET minutes per week of TPA, 0.69 (0.52-0.91) for 500 to 1000 MET minutes per week of TPA, and 0.95 (0.72-1.26) for >1000 MET minutes per week of TPA, respectively, compared with no TPA. Using vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/L) as the outcome led to similar results. The association between TPA and serum 25(OH)D levels was more robust in high sedentary time. CONCLUSIONS A moderate level of TPA is related to lower odds of suboptimal vitamin D status among women of childbearing age.
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Behavioral Risk Factors and Risk of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Review of the Mechanistic and Observational Evidence. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-021-00465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Turrubiates-Hernández FJ, Sánchez-Zuno GA, González-Estevez G, Hernández-Bello J, Macedo-Ojeda G, Muñoz-Valle JF. Potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of severe coronavirus disease 2019: An ally for Latin America (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:32. [PMID: 33537824 PMCID: PMC7891829 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the world is under a pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease is characterized by a respiratory syndrome that can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. To date, limited effective therapies are available for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19; therefore, it is necessary to propose novel treatment options with immunomodulatory effects. Vitamin D serves functions in bone health and has been recently reported to exert protective effects against respiratory infections. Observational studies have demonstrated an association between vitamin D deficiency and a poor prognosis of COVID-19; this is alarming as vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. In Latin America, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is unknown, and currently, this region is in the top 10 according to the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Supplementation with vitamin D may be a useful adjunctive treatment for the prevention of COVID-19 complications. The present review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of COVID-19 and sets out vitamin D recommendations for the Latin American population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Athziri Sánchez-Zuno
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Guillermo González-Estevez
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Jorge Hernández-Bello
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Gabriela Macedo-Ojeda
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
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Shan L, Dong H, Wang T, Feng J, Jia F. Screen Time, Age and Sunshine Duration Rather Than Outdoor Activity Time Are Related to Nutritional Vitamin D Status in Children With ASD. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:806981. [PMID: 35096715 PMCID: PMC8793674 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.806981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible association among vitamin D, screen time and other factors that might affect the concentration of vitamin D in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: In total, 306 children with ASD were recruited, and data, including their age, sex, height, weight, screen time, time of outdoor activity, ASD symptoms [including Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2)] and vitamin D concentrations, were collected. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the factors related to the vitamin D concentration. Results: A multiple linear regression analysis showed that screen time (β = -0.122, P = 0.032), age (β = -0.233, P < 0.001), and blood collection month (reflecting sunshine duration) (β = 0.177, P = 0.004) were statistically significant. The vitamin D concentration in the children with ASD was negatively correlated with screen time and age and positively correlated with sunshine duration. Conclusion: The vitamin D levels in children with ASD are related to electronic screen time, age and sunshine duration. Since age and season are uncontrollable, identifying the length of screen time in children with ASD could provide a basis for the clinical management of their vitamin D nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shan
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanyu Dong
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junyan Feng
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feiyong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Bischoff-Ferrari HA, de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino C, Rival S, Vellas B, Rizzoli R, Kressig RW, Kanis JA, Manson JE, Dawson-Hughes B, Orav EJ, da Silva JAP, Blauth M, Felsenberg D, Ferrari SM, Theiler R, Egli A. DO-HEALTH: Vitamin D3 - Omega-3 - Home exercise - Healthy aging and longevity trial - Design of a multinational clinical trial on healthy aging among European seniors. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 100:106124. [PMID: 32858228 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
DO-HEALTH is a multi-center clinical trial among 2157 community-dwelling European men and women age 70 and older. The 2x2x2 randomized-control factorial design trial tested the individual and additive benefit, as well as the cost-effectiveness, of 3 interventions: vitamin D 2000 IU/day, omega-3 fatty acids 1000 mg/day (EPA + DHA, ratio 1:2), and a 30-minute 3 times/week home exercise (strength versus flexibility). Each treatment tested has shown considerable prior promise from mechanistic studies, small clinical trials, or large cohort studies, in the prevention of common age-related chronic diseases, but definitive data are missing. DO-HEALTH will test these interventions in relation to 6 primary endpoints (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, non-vertebral fractures, Short Physical Performance Battery score, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and risk of infections), plus several secondary endpoints explored in ancillary studies (i.e. rate of any falls and injurious falls, joint pain, oral health, quality of life, and incident frailty). As the 3 interventions have distinct mechanisms of action for each of the 6 primary endpoints, a maximum benefit is expected for their additive benefit as a "multi-modal" intervention. The trial duration is 3 years with in-person contacts with all participants at 4 clinical visits and by quarterly phone calls. Baseline and follow-up blood samples were collected in all participants to measure changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D and poly-unsaturated fatty acid concentrations. Our objective was to test interventions that are expected to promote healthy aging and longer life expectancy and that can be easily and safely implemented by older community-dwelling adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City HospitalWaid & Triemli and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Geriatric Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Clinic for Acute Geriatric Care, City Hospital Waid&Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Sandrine Rival
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City HospitalWaid & Triemli and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Center Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - René Rizzoli
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Reto W Kressig
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John A Kanis
- Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield Medical School, United Kingdom; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bess Dawson-Hughes
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Endel J Orav
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Michael Blauth
- Department for Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dieter Felsenberg
- Center for Muscle and Bone Research, Department of Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Robert Theiler
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City HospitalWaid & Triemli and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Geriatric Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Egli
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City HospitalWaid & Triemli and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
The WHO has announced the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak to be a global pandemic. The distribution of community outbreaks shows seasonal patterns along certain latitude, temperature and humidity, that is, similar to the behaviour of seasonal viral respiratory tract infections. COVID-19 displays significant spread in northern mid-latitude countries with an average temperature of 5–11°C and low humidity. Vitamin D deficiency has also been described as pandemic, especially in Europe. Regardless of age, ethnicity and latitude, recent data showed that 40 % of Europeans are vitamin D deficient (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels <50 nmol/l), and 13 % are severely deficient (25(OH)D < 30 nmol/l). A quadratic relationship was found between the prevalences of vitamin D deficiency in most commonly affected countries by COVID-19 and the latitudes. Vitamin D deficiency is more common in the subtropical and mid-latitude countries than the tropical and high-latitude countries. The most commonly affected countries with severe vitamin D deficiency are from the subtropical (Saudi Arabia 46 %; Qatar 46 %; Iran 33·4 %; Chile 26·4 %) and mid-latitude (France 27·3 %; Portugal 21·2 %; Austria 19·3 %) regions. Severe vitamin D deficiency was found to be nearly 0 % in some high-latitude countries (e.g. Norway, Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Netherlands). Accordingly, we would like to call attention to the possible association between severe vitamin D deficiency and mortality pertaining to COVID-19. Given its rare side effects and relatively wide safety, prophylactic vitamin D supplementation and/or food fortification might reasonably serve as a very convenient adjuvant therapy for these two worldwide public health problems alike.
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15
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Reyes-Ferrada W, Solis-Urra P, Plaza-Díaz J, Sadarangani KP, de Moraes Ferrari GL, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Cristi-Montero C. Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity, Sedentary Time and Its Association with the Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Chilean Adults: Influence of the Waist Circumference to Height Ratio. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051250. [PMID: 32354005 PMCID: PMC7281995 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel biomarker related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) have an inverse relationship with the AIP, while sedentary time (ST) and fatness present a positive association. This study aimed to determine the combined and independent association of CRF, PA, and ST with the AIP, and additionally to establish the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) mediation role. Data from the Chilean national health survey were used (4671 adults). A PACS (Physical Activity Cardiorespiratory Sedentary) score was created ranging from 0 to 3, indicating the number of positive recommendations met (PA, ST, and CRF). AIP was calculated (Log10 triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol). The combined analysis showed that compared to those with a PACS score of 0, those with a score of 1 or 2 did not present significantly reduced AIP values (adjusted by the WHtR); however, those with a score of 3 did (OR (odds ratio) = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.77; p < 0.001). Independent analysis showed that CRF seems to be the only variable that supports the combined result (β = -0.212; p < 0.001). Finally, the mediation analysis indicated that the WHtR mediated the association between CRF and the AIP in 34.2% of cases. Overall, only CRF had a significant and inverse association with the AIP. Nonetheless, around one-third of this beneficial relationship is affected by an elevated WHtR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleska Reyes-Ferrada
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de ciencias de la rehabilitación, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2531015, Chile
| | - Patricio Solis-Urra
- IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2374631, Chile
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Kabir P. Sadarangani
- School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago 7510157, Chile
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago 8370057, Chile
| | - Gerson Luis de Moraes Ferrari
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago 7500618, Chile
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2374631, Chile
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2374631, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-32-2274381
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16
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Gracia-Marco L. Calcium, Vitamin D, and Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020416. [PMID: 32041090 PMCID: PMC7071205 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gracia-Marco
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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17
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Munguía-Izquierdo D, Pulido-Martos M, Acosta FM, Acosta-Manzano P, Gavilán-Carrera B, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Geenen R, Delgado-Fernández M, Álvarez-Gallardo IC, Segura-Jiménez V, Walitt B, Estévez-López F. Objective and subjective measures of physical functioning in women with fibromyalgia: what type of measure is associated most clearly with subjective well-being? Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:1649-1656. [PMID: 31638450 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1671503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To find modifiable factors that are related to subjective well-being would be valuable for improving interventions in fibromyalgia. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and physical fitness may represent potential areas to optimize treatment regimens. In fibromyalgia, there is a discordance between clinical observations and patient-reported outcomes (objective and subjective assessments). Therefore, the present study aims at analyzing the associations of objective and subjective evaluations of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and physical fitness with subjective well-being and determine if and how objective and subjective associations differ. METHODS In this population-based cross-sectional study participated 375 women with fibromyalgia from the al-Ándalus project (Spain). Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and physical fitness were objectively (accelerometers and performance testing) and subjectively (questionnaires) measured. Participants self-reported their levels of positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction. RESULTS In the most conservative multivariate analysis, we found independent associations of the objective measures of physical activity with positive affect and life satisfaction and sedentary behaviour with positive affect. No such relationship was seen with subjective measures of the same behaviours. Moreover, we observed that objective and subjective physical fitness evaluations were independent of each other related to subjective well-being. CONCLUSIONS Independent associations of the objective measures (but not the subjective assessments) of physical activity with positive affect and life satisfaction, and of sedentary behaviour with positive affect were observed. However, objective measures and subjective appraisals of physical fitness appear to be independently related to well-being, which should be considered when developing physical exercise interventions for fibromyalgia.Implications for rehabilitationThe analysis of concurrent associations of objective and subjective evaluations of physical functioning with subjective well-being offers indications for modifiable targets in rehabilitation that can improve well-being in fibromyalgia.Exercise-based rehabilitation may help women with fibromyalgia to improve subjective well-being, particularly positive affect.Rehabilitation should focus on both the objective physical performance of women with fibromyalgia and on their perceptions of what they can do physically.When rehabilitation aims at enhancing positive affect or life satisfaction by changing the lifestyle of women with fibromyalgia, physical activity and sedentary behaviour should be objectively monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Munguía-Izquierdo
- Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Pulido-Martos
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH) Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro Acosta-Manzano
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Blanca Gavilán-Carrera
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Rodriguez-Ayllon
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH) Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rinie Geenen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Delgado-Fernández
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Segura-Jiménez
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Brian Walitt
- National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fernando Estévez-López
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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