1
|
Zhang C, Dai W, Yang S, Wu S, Kong J. Resistance to Cholesterol Gallstone Disease: Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:912-923. [PMID: 37668355 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol gallstone disease (CGD) is one of the most common digestive diseases, and it is closely associated with hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Cholesterol gallstones may be caused by abnormal hepatic cholesterol metabolism, such as excessive cholesterol biosynthesis within the liver, interfering with the uptake or export of cholesterol in the liver, and abnormal hepatic cholesterol esterification. In this review, we begin with a brief overview of the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gallstone disease (GSD). Then, we briefly describe the major processes of hepatic cholesterol metabolism and summarize the key molecular expression changes of hepatic cholesterol metabolism in patients with gallstones. We review and analyze the recent advances in elucidating the relationships between these key molecules and CGD, and some targets significantly impacting on CGD via hepatic cholesterol metabolism are also listed. We also provide a significant discussion on the relationship between CGD and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Finally, the new discoveries of some therapeutic strategies associated with hepatic cholesterol metabolism to prevent and treat CGD are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Zhang
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Wanlin Dai
- Innovation Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P.R. China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Shuodong Wu
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Kong
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang W, Zhang K, Liu B, Zhou T, Tang Y, Li Y. Chaihu Shugan prevents cholesterol gallstone formation by ameliorating the microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disturbance in mice. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1291236. [PMID: 38357365 PMCID: PMC10866373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1291236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cholesterol gallstone (CGS) is a biliary tract disorder requiring treatment in approximately 20% of patients. The efficacy of Chaihu Shugan in preventing CGS recurrence after successful treatment remains uncertain. Methods: We examined the in vivo preventive efficacy of Chaihu Shugan using a CGS mouse model and used multi-omics to study the interplay between gut microbiota, metabolism, and gene expression. Results: The intestinal microbiota was severely dysregulated during the formation of CGS, showing a marked decrease in the abundance of beneficial microbiota, especially Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. Chaihu Shugan prevented CGS formation by restoring the composition of the gut microbiota and reversing the metabolic disturbances caused by dysbiosis. This preventive effect of Chaihu Shugan was paralleled by changes in the expression of metabolism-related genes in the liver. A network pharmacology analysis of Chaihu Shugan revealed that obacunone may be the key active metabolite in regulating bile acid metabolism. Multi-omics and correlation analyses elucidated the interplay between gut microbiota, metabolism, and gene alterations in the dose-dependent effect of Chaihu Shugan. Conclusion: Our data show that Chaihu Shugan can prevent CGS and indicate its mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Intervention, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Shanghai Biotree Biotech Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Intervention, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Department of Intervention, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wan Z, Bai X, He C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Shen K, Meizi L, Wang Q, Dongsheng W, Feng Y, Yang A. Distinct lipid profile in haemolytic anaemia-related gallstones compared with the general gallstone. Ann Med 2023; 55:2203514. [PMID: 37141158 PMCID: PMC10161937 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2203514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pigment gallstones are not uncommon among patients with chronic haemolytic anaemia. But their clinical characteristics have not been described in detail and not been directly compared with the general gallstone population. METHODS Patients at Peking Union Medical College Hospital with haemolytic anaemia and subsequent gallstones from January 2012 to December 2022 were included. Cases were matched (1:2) based on age, sex and location of stones to randomly select non-anaemia patients with gallstones (controls). RESULTS Screening 899 cases of gallstones, we finally included 76 cases and 152 controls. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) for cases were 3.02 ± 0.98 mmol/L, 0.89 ± 0.30 mmol/L and 1.58 ± 0.70 mmol/L, respectively, significantly lower than those in the control group (all p < 0.001). TC and HDL were both lower than the normal range, but triglyceride and LDL were within the normal range. Multiple stones were significantly more common for cases (n = 59, 78%) than for controls (n = 44, 29%, p < 0.001). The mean diameter of the maximal gallstone was 1.2 ± 0.6 cm and 1.5 ± 1.0 cm for cases and controls (p = 0.120), respectively. Stones in the elderly (p = 0.002 for univariate analysis, and 0.001 for multivariate analysis) and stones in the bile duct (p = 0.005 for univariate analysis, and 0.009 for multivariate analysis) were found to occur in a shorter period after anaemia. CONCLUSION The lipid profile of haemolytic anaemia with gallstones was distinct, low TC, low HDL, and increased-to-normal LDL, compared with the general gallstone population. Patients with haemolytic anaemia were recommended an abdominal ultrasound if aged older than 50 years, with more frequent follow-up visits.KEY MESSAGESClinical characteristics of gallstones following chronic haemolytic anaemia were described and compared with the general gallstone population.The lipid profiles were distinctly different between the patients with gallstones following chronic haemolytic anaemia and the general gallstone population.Elder patients were complicated with gallstones in a shorter period after anaemia and thus were recommended an abdominal ultrasound if aged older than 50 years, with more frequent follow-up visits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Eight-Year Program, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyin Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengqing He
- Eight-Year Program, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaini Shen
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Meizi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Dongsheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlu Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang SF, Wu CH, Sung KF, Tsou YK, Lin CH, Lee CW, Lee MH, Liu NJ. The Impact of Metabolic Factors and Lipid-Lowering Drugs on Common Bile Duct Stone Recurrence after Endoscopic Sphincterotomy with Following Cholecystectomy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1490. [PMID: 37888101 PMCID: PMC10608674 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent common bile duct stone after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is an undesirable problem, even when a following cholecystectomy is carried out. Important factors are the composition and properties of stones; the most significant etiology among these is the lipid level. While numerous studies have established the association between serum lipid levels and gallstones, no study has previously reported on recurrent common bile duct stones after endoscopic sphincterotomy with following cholecystectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively collected 2016 patients underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2017 in Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Finally, 303 patients whose serum lipid levels had been checked following a cholecystectomy after ERCP were included for analysis. We evaluated if metabolic factors including body weight, BMI, HbA1C, serum lipid profile, and lipid-lowering drugs may impact the rate of common bile duct stone recurrence. Furthermore, we tried to find if there is any factor that may impact time to recurrence. RESULTS A serum HDL level ≥ 40 (p = 0.000, OR = 0.207, 95% CI = 0.114-0.376) is a protective factor, and a total cholesterol level ≥ 200 (p = 0.004, OR = 4.558, 95% CI = 1.625-12.787) is a risk factor of recurrent common bile duct stones after endoscopic sphincterotomy with cholecystectomy. Lipid-lowering drugs, specifically statins, have been shown to reduce the risk of recurrence significantly (p = 0.003, OR = 0.297, 95% CI = 0.132-0.665). No factors were found to impact the time to recurrence in this study. CONCLUSIONS The serum lipid level could influence the recurrence of common bile duct stones after endoscopic sphincterotomy followed by cholecystectomy, and it appears that statins can reduce the risk of recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (K.-F.S.); (Y.-K.T.); (C.-H.L.); (M.-H.L.); (N.-J.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Huan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (K.-F.S.); (Y.-K.T.); (C.-H.L.); (M.-H.L.); (N.-J.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| | - Kai-Feng Sung
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (K.-F.S.); (Y.-K.T.); (C.-H.L.); (M.-H.L.); (N.-J.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Kuan Tsou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (K.-F.S.); (Y.-K.T.); (C.-H.L.); (M.-H.L.); (N.-J.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (K.-F.S.); (Y.-K.T.); (C.-H.L.); (M.-H.L.); (N.-J.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| | - Chao-Wei Lee
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hsien Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (K.-F.S.); (Y.-K.T.); (C.-H.L.); (M.-H.L.); (N.-J.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| | - Nai-Jen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (K.-F.S.); (Y.-K.T.); (C.-H.L.); (M.-H.L.); (N.-J.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nie C, Yang T, Wang Z, Suolang D, Wang S, Baima K, Wei L, Ling H, Liu L, Zeng Q, Qin Z, Zuo H, Hong F. Dietary Patterns and Gallstone Risks in Chinese Adults: A Cross-sectional Analysis of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:471-477. [PMID: 35466159 PMCID: PMC10409532 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association between a plant-based diet and the risk of gallstone disease (GD), especially in developing counties. We tested the hypothesis that shifting dietary patterns would be related to the risk of GD, and that the Mediterranean diet (MED) adjusted for China would be beneficial for lowering risk of GD. METHODS Data were extracted from the baseline survey of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort study. An alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED) score was assessed based on a food frequency questionnaire, and three posteriori dietary patterns (the modern dietary pattern, the coarse grain dietary pattern, and the rice dietary pattern) were identified using factor analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and GD risks. RESULTS A total of 89,544 participants were included. The prevalence of GD was 7.5%. Comparing the highest with lowest quintiles, aMED was associated with an increased risk of GD (OR 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04-1.24; Ptrend = 0.003), whereas the rice dietary pattern was inversely related to GD risk (OR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71-0.87; Ptrend < 0.001). In stratified analysis, the rice dietary pattern had a stronger inverse association in the subgroups of females, older, urban, and overweight participants, and those with diabetes-factors associated with higher rates of GD in previous studies. CONCLUSION Higher adherence to the rice dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of GD. For high-risk populations, making some shift to a traditional agricultural diet might help with primary prevention of GD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Nie
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Deji Suolang
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, China
| | - Songmei Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Kangzhuo Baima
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Li Wei
- Wuhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Ling
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zixiu Qin
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Haojiang Zuo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Hong
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shen J, Li Y, Xu M, Wu F, Jiang Y, Liu X, Ao Y, Lin Q, Zhuang P, Jiao J, Zheng W, Zhang Y. Association of egg consumption with colorectal polyp prevalence: findings from the Lanxi Pre-Colorectal Cancer Cohort (LP3C) in China. Food Funct 2023; 14:2597-2606. [PMID: 36847183 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03061f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Eggs contain high-quality protein, lavish vitamins and other bioactive nutrients but are rich in cholesterol. Our study is designed to assess the association of egg intake with polyp prevalence. A total of 7068 participants at a high risk of CRC from the Lanxi Pre-Colorectal Cancer Cohort Study (LP3C) were recruited. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was utilized to obtain dietary data through a face-to-face interview. Cases of colorectal polyps were identified by electronic colonoscopy. The logistic regression model was exploited to achieve odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall 2064 cases of colorectal polyps were identified in the 2018-2019 survey of LP3C. A positive association of egg consumption with colorectal polyp prevalence was found after the multivariable adjustment [ORQ4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 1.23 (1.05-1.44); Ptrend = 0.01]. However, a positive relationship disappeared after further adjustment for dietary cholesterol (Ptrend = 0.37), which explained that the harmful role of eggs could be ascribed to the high content of dietary cholesterol. Besides, a positive trend was found between dietary cholesterol and polyp prevalence [OR (95% CI): 1.21 (0.99-1.47); Ptrend = 0.04]. Furthermore, replacing 1 egg (50 g d-1) with an equal amount of total dairy products was related to 11% lower colorectal polyp prevalence [OR (95% CI): 0.89 (0.80-0.99); P = 0.03]. In summary, higher egg consumption was correlated with a higher polyp prevalence among the Chinese population at a high risk of CRC, which was ascribed to the high content of dietary cholesterol in eggs. Besides, individuals with the highest dietary cholesterol tended to have a higher polyp prevalence. Reducing the consumption of eggs and replacing eggs with total dairy products as alternative protein sources may prevent the occurrence of polyps in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shen
- Lanxi Red Cross Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meihui Xu
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua 321100, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanjie Jiang
- Lanxi Red Cross Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Ao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianru Lin
- Lanxi Red Cross Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weifang Zheng
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua 321100, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huo Y, Cao S, Liu J, Zhang B, Xu K, Wang Y, Liu H, Yang P, Zeng L, Yan H, Dang S, Mi B. The Association between Plant-Based Diet Indices and Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adults: Longitudinal Analyses from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061341. [PMID: 36986071 PMCID: PMC10057991 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the association between a plant-based diet and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese adults. Methods: Based on the data from the 2004–2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey and the corresponding edition of China Food Composition, we calculated the healthy plant-based diet indices (hPDI) and unhealthy plant-based diet indices (uPDI). The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MetS. Mediation analysis was further conducted to explore the mediator role of Body Mass Index (BMI) in the association between hPDI and MetS. Results: We included 10,013 participants, and over a median follow-up of 5 years, 961 patients (9.60%) developed MetS. Compared to those in the lowest quintile of hPDI score, we found that those in the highest quintile of hPDI score had a 28% lower ([HR]: 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.93, Ptrend = 0.021) risk of developing MetS and had a 20% lower (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.80, 95% CI 0.70–0.92, Ptrend = 0.004) risk of developing abdominal obesity. No significant associations were observed between uPDI and the MetS, but those in the highest quintile of uPDI score had a 36% higher (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.36, 95% CI 1.20–1.64, Ptrend < 0.001) risk of developing abdominal obesity, compared to those in the lowest quintile of uPDI score. In exploratory analysis, we observed that BMI at baseline mediated 27.8% of the association between hPDI and incident MetS, and BMI at baseline mediated 29.7% of the association between hPDI and abdominal obesity. Conclusion: The current findings reveal a possible causal relationship between a healthy plant-based diet and a reduced risk of MetS, especially abdominal obesity. It is observed that BMI may mediate the relationship between hPDI score and MetS. Controlling early dietary patterns and BMI may help reduce the risk of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Baibing Mi
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-826-551-04207
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bai R, Wang J, Yang J, Cheng X, Zhang S, Zhang H, Wu X, Ma R, Zhang X, Guo H, Peng X, Guo S. Gallbladder disease is associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease among Uyghurs in Xinjiang: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:242. [PMID: 36737734 PMCID: PMC9898978 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder disease (GBD) can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, GBD has rarely been reported in the less developed, rural areas of Xinjiang. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GBD and incidence of CVD in a prospective cohort study in rural Xinjiang. Moreover, the study aimed to explore the association between GBD and CVD within this cohort. METHODS The study cohort included 11,444 Uyghur adults in Xinjiang, 3rd division, from the 51st Mission. Study groups were classified according to whether GBD was present or absent at baseline. The occurrence of CVD was the end event. Demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were recorded, and the incidence of CVD in the GBD and non-GBD groups analysed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between GBD and CVD and factors associated with their incidence. Several subgroup analyses were performed to assess CVD incidence in different subgroups. The interaction between GBD and cardiometabolic risk factors, and subsequent risk of developing CVD, was evaluated. RESULTS Prevalence of GBD in the study cohort was 10.29%. After a median follow-up of 4.92 years, the cumulative incidence of CVD in the study cohort was 10.49%, 8.43% in males and 12.65% in females. CVD incidence was higher in the GBD group (34.04% vs. 7.78%, HR = 4.96, 95% CI: 4.40-5.59). After multivariate adjustment, the risk of CVD remained higher in the GBD group (HR = 2.89, 95% CI: 2.54-3.29). Subgroup analyses showed male sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, and abnormal renal function were all associated with increased risk of CVD. Moreover, the risk of CVD was markedly higher in GBD combined with cardiometabolic risk factors (hypertension, T2DM, dyslipidaemia, overweight, and abdominal obesity), than in cardiometabolic risk factors alone and this was higher in the GBD group than in the non-GBD group regardless of whether cardiometabolic risk factors were combined. CONCLUSION GBD is an important independent risk factor for CVD development. Awareness of these associations will raise concerns among clinicians about the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with GBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Bai
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Jing Yang
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Rulin Ma
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Xianghui Zhang
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Heng Guo
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Xinyu Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, China. .,Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| | - Shuxia Guo
- Department of NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central, Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, China. .,Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Romão B, Botelho RBA, Nakano EY, Borges VRP, de Holanda MEM, Raposo A, Han H, Gil-Marín M, Ariza-Montes A, Zandonadi RP. Vegan milk and egg alternatives commercialized in Brazil: A study of the nutritional composition and main ingredients. Front Public Health 2022; 10:964734. [PMID: 36407978 PMCID: PMC9667870 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.964734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, there is an increasing demand for plant-based food due to sustainable, health, ethical, religious, philosophical, and economic reasons. In Brazil, 14% of the population declares themselves vegetarians, and a noticeable increase in the consumption of vegan products is also noted. Substitution of animal dairy and egg is challenging from both sensory and nutritional aspects. Yet, there are no data regarding the nutritional value and ingredients of Brazilian commercial dairy and egg substitutes. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the nutritional composition and used ingredients in Brazilian commercial vegan alternatives to dairy and eggs to provide information for Brazilian consumers of these products. A cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out in three steps: (i) sample mapping. (ii) data collection, and (iii) statistical analysis. A total of 152 samples were included. No differences were found between the energy value and total fat of vegan products and their animal counterparts. Vegan products showed higher amounts of carbohydrates and dietary fiber, and only the vegan versions of beverages and cheeses showed less protein than their counterparts. Cashews, rice, coconut, and soy were the most used ingredients in dairy substitutes. Emulsions of oil, starch, and isolated protein were used in vegan egg products. Most vegan beverages presented sugar in their composition. Vegan alternatives of dairy and eggs might be suitable for substituting their animal counterparts, but given that traditional versions of cheeses and milk are sources of protein in omnivorous diets, for equivalent nutritional replacement in vegan products, it is necessary to improve the protein content of their vegan counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Romão
- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Heesup Han
- College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Miseldra Gil-Marín
- Public Policy Observatory, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perez-Cueto FJ, Rini L, Faber I, Rasmussen MA, Bechtold KB, Schouteten JJ, De Steur H. How barriers towards plant-based food consumption differ according to dietary lifestyle: Findings from a consumer survey in 10 EU countries. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2022.100587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Ma L, Chen H, Zhang Z, Liu L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Zhao Z, Chen H, Kang L. Association Study Between Polymorphic Loci in Cholesterol Metabolism Pathway and Gallstone in the Tibetan Population. Front Genet 2022; 13:902553. [PMID: 35651949 PMCID: PMC9149373 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.902553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of gallstones in the Tibetan population is increasing rapidly. Previous studies indicated that genetic variation located in the cholesterol metabolism pathway may be associated with the incidence of gallstones. Methods: By recruiting 132 Tibetan gallstone patients and 52 normal Tibetan controls, we performed next-generation sequencing for 508 genes in the cholesterol metabolism pathway. Additionally, by integrating the sequence data of 41 normal Tibetan subjects in the public database, we finally obtained 93 normal Tibetan controls. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) calling were performed by using the GATK pipeline. The quality control criteria for SNPs were: missing rate <0.05; minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.01; and p value >0.001 in the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) test. To eliminate the influence of population heterogeneity, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out by using the smartpca software. Association analyses were performed by Plink software. Multiple tests were adjusted by the false discovery rate (FDR) method. Results: A total of 2,401 SNPs were obtained by analyzing 508 genes, and 2,011 SNPs left after quality control. After adjusting the eigen vectors, we found that 10 SNPs (SNV05997, rs80145081, rs80005560, rs79074685, rs748546375, rs201880593, rs142559357, rs750769471, rs869789 and rs4072341) were significantly associated with gallstone. Subsequently, by comparing the case group with our control group and the public database control group separately, we further found that the SNP rs869789 was consistently significantly associated with gallstone (p = 9.04 × 10–3 in cases vs. our controls and 5.73 × 10–3 in cases vs. public controls, respectively). Conclusion: By systematically analyzed SNPs in the cholesterol metabolism pathway, we identified one polymorphic locus rs869789 significantly associated with the pathogenesis of gallstone in the Tibetan population. This study will provide clue for further mechanism study of gallstone in the Tibetan population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Ma
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yiduo Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yansong Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Longli Kang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang M, Mao M, Zhang C, Hu F, Cui P, Li G, Shi J, Wang X, Shan X. Blood lipid metabolism and the risk of gallstone disease: a multi-center study and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:26. [PMID: 35236330 PMCID: PMC8889751 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gallstone disease (GSD) is a common and costly biliary disorder. Multiple studies have investigated the associations between blood lipid metabolism and GSD risk; however, the results are inconsistent. This research aimed to comprehensively evaluate the relationships among serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and GSD risk. Methods Firstly, a multi-center cross-sectional study was carried out. Subjects who participated in the health examination in three hospitals between January 2015 and May 2020 were recruited. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate blood lipid metabolism associated with GSD risk. Then, a meta-analysis was performed to verify the associations further. Medline and Embase databases were systematically searched before June 10, 2021. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effect model was utilized when the heterogeneity was high; otherwise, fixed-effect model was adopted. Results There were 548,934 eligible participants included in the multi-center study, and 45,392 of them were diagnosed with GSD. The results demonstrated that total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol were negatively associated with GSD risk in both high vs. low model and per mmol/L increase model, while triglyceride was positively associated with GSD risk in the per unit increase model. In the meta-analysis, 104 studies with approximately 3 million participants were finally included. The results verified that HDL cholesterol [odds ratio (OR) = 0.636, P = 5.97 × 10− 16 in high vs low model; OR = 0.974, P = 6.07 × 10− 05 in per unit model] and triglyceride (OR = 1.192, P = 3.47 × 10− 05 in high vs. low model; OR = 1.011, P = 5.12 × 10− 05 in per unit model) were related to GSD risk in the two models. Conclusions The findings indicated that low HDL cholesterol levels and high triglyceride levels were risk factors for GSD. This study provides a basis for identifying the population at high risk for GSD and implementing tertiary prevention strategies for GSD, thus contributing to GSD prevention as well as disease burden relief. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01635-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518061, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Guangcan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Kaizhou District, Chongqing, 405400, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sichuan University West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xuefeng Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Road Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang Community, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Biliary Diseases from the Microbiome Perspective: How Microorganisms Could Change the Approach to Benign and Malignant Diseases. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020312. [PMID: 35208765 PMCID: PMC8877314 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence regarding microbiota is modifying the cornerstones on pathogenesis and the approaches to several gastrointestinal diseases, including biliary diseases. The burden of biliary diseases, indeed, is progressively increasing, considering that gallstone disease affects up to 20% of the European population. At the same time, neoplasms of the biliary system have an increasing incidence and poor prognosis. Framing the specific state of biliary eubiosis or dysbiosis is made difficult by the use of heterogeneous techniques and the sometimes unwarranted invasive sampling in healthy subjects. The influence of the microbial balance on the health status of the biliary tract could also account for some of the complications surrounding the post-liver-transplant phase. The aim of this extensive narrative review is to summarize the current evidence on this topic, to highlight gaps in the available evidence in order to guide further clinical research in these settings, and, eventually, to provide new tools to treat biliary lithiasis, biliopancreatic cancers, and even cholestatic disease.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hao M, Dou Z, Xu L, Shao Z, Sun H, Li Z. RNA Sequencing Analysis of Gene Expression by Electroacupuncture in Guinea Pig Gallstone Models. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:3793946. [PMID: 35035504 PMCID: PMC8759925 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3793946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have shown that electroacupuncture (EA) promotes gallbladder motility and alleviates gallstone. However, the mechanism underlying the effects of EA on gallstone is poorly understood. In this study, the mRNA transcriptome analysis was used to study the possible therapeutic targets of EA. METHODS Hartley SPF guinea pigs were employed for the gallstone models. Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform was used for the RNA sequencing of guinea pig gallbladders in the normal group (Normal), gallstone model group (Model), and EA-treated group (EA). Differently expressed genes (DEGs) were examined separately in Model vs. Normal and EA vs. Model. DEGs reversed by EA were selected by comparing the DEGs of Model vs. Normal and EA vs. Model. Biological functions were enriched by gene ontology (GO) analysis. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was analyzed. RESULTS After 2 weeks of EA, 257 DEGs in Model vs. Normal and 1704 DEGs in EA vs. Model were identified. 94 DEGs reversed by EA were identified among these DEGs, including 28 reversed upregulated DEGs and 66 reversed downregulated DEGs. By PPI network analysis, 10 hub genes were found by Cytohubba plugin of Cytoscape. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) verified the changes. CONCLUSION We identified a few GOs and genes that might play key roles in the treatment of gallstone. This study may help understand the therapeutic mechanism of EA for gallstone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyao Hao
- External Treatment Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhiqiang Dou
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Luyao Xu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zongchen Shao
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qian C, Qiu W, Zhang J, Shen Z, Liu H, Zhang Y. The long non-coding RNA MEG3 plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10803. [PMID: 33665015 PMCID: PMC7908887 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholesterol gallstone (CG) is the most common gallstone disease, which is induced by biliary cholesterol supersaturation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pathogenesis of CG. Methods Sixteen mice were equally and randomly divided into model group and normal control group. The model group was fed with lithogenic diets to induce CG, and then gallbladder bile lipid analysis was performed. After RNA-seq library was constructed, differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) between model group and normal control group were analyzed by DESeq2 package. Using the cluster Profiler package, enrichment analysis for the DE-mRNAs was carried out. Based on Cytoscape software, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network were built. Using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, the key RNAs were validated. Results The mouse model of CG was suc cessfully established, and then 181 DE-mRNAs and 33 DE-lncRNAs between model and normal groups were obtained. Moreover, KDM4A was selected as a hub node in the PPI network, and lncRNA MEG3 was considered as a key lncRNA in the regulatory network. Additionally, the miR-107-5p/miR-149-3p/miR-346-3-MEG3 regulatory pairs and MEG3-PABPC4/CEP131/NUMB1 co-expression pairs existed in the regulatory network. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that KDM4A expression was increased, and the expressions of MEG3, PABPC4, CEP131, and NUMB1 were downregulated. Conclusion These RNAs might be related to the pathogenesis of CG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Qian
- The Second Department of Biliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of General Surgery, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- The Second Department of Biliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Papadopoulos V, Filippou D, Mimidis K. Smoking habits and gallbladder disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Hippokratia 2020; 24:147-156. [PMID: 35023890 PMCID: PMC8747579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been claimed that smoking is linked with an increased risk for gallbladder disease (GBD); however, related issues need further consolidation and clarification. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to further investigate the potent correlation between GBD and smoking. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature review to identify every study published from January 1989 to December 2019, reporting risk estimates regarding GBD and smoking. The random-effect, generic inverse variance method, according to description by DerSimonian and Laird, was used to compute pooled estimates. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale to appraise the included studies' quality. RESULTS Thirty published case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies including 4,623,435 individuals met the eligibility criteria and were considered for data synthesis. Compared to the non-smokers, ever smokers had 1.25 times higher odds of developing GBD [95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.09-1.44]; however, increased heterogeneity was observed (I2 =96 %, 95 % CI: 62-100 %, p <0.001). Publication bias was non-significant (Eggers' regression p =0.072). The main sources of heterogeneity, as detected by meta-regression analyzing study characteristics, biases and confounders, were non-adjustment for family history (p =0.007) and alcohol (p =0.020), respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated a comparable risk for GBD as far as current, former and ever smokers are concerned (p =0.520). Quantitative analysis suggested a dose-effect for current smoking and GBD (p =0.010). CONCLUSIONS Non-smokers were demonstrated to be at a lower risk of presenting GBD when compared with ever smokers; all relevant risk estimates necessitate adjustment for family history and alcohol intake. HIPPOKRATIA 2020, 24(4): 147-156.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Papadopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xanthi General Hospital, Xanthi
| | - D Filippou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens
| | - K Mimidis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis Greece
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu B, Cao PK, Wang YZ, Wang WJ, Tian SL, Hertzanu Y, Li YL. Modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation for patients with refractory hepatolithiasis. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3929-3937. [PMID: 32774067 PMCID: PMC7385557 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i27.3929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients with hepatolithiasis cannot tolerate surgery due to severe cardiac or pulmonary comorbidities, or cannot be endoscopically treated because of altered gastrointestinal anatomies.
AIM To propose a modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation procedure, and evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this modality.
METHODS Data from 21 consecutive patients who underwent modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation with hepatolithiasis were retrospectively analyzed. Using auxiliary devices, intrahepatic bile duct stones were pushed into the common bile duct and expelled into the duodenum with an inflated balloon catheter. The outcomes recorded included success rate, procedure time, hospital stay, causes of failure, and procedure-related complications. Patients with possible long-term complications were followed up for 2 years.
RESULTS Intrahepatic bile duct stones were successfully removed in 20 (95.23%) patients. Mean procedure time was 65.8 ± 5.3 min. Mean hospital stay was 10.7 ± 1.5 d. No pancreatitis, gastrointestinal, or biliary duct perforation was observed. All patients were followed up for 2 years, and there was no evidence of reflux cholangitis or calculi recurrence.
CONCLUSION Modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation was feasible and safe with a small number of patients with hepatolithiasis, and may be a treatment option in patients with severe comorbidities or in patients in whom endoscopic procedure was not successful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
- Interventional Oncology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pi-Kun Cao
- Department of Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
- Interventional Oncology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wu-Jie Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
- Interventional Oncology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shi-Lin Tian
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yancu Hertzanu
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
- Interventional Oncology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Liang Li
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
- Interventional Oncology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gallstone Disease and Microbiome. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060835. [PMID: 32498344 PMCID: PMC7356158 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallstone disease (GSD) has, for many years, remained a high-cost, socially significant public health problem. Over the past decade, a number of studies have been carried out—both in humans and in animal models—confirming the role of the microbiota in various sections of the gastrointestinal tract as a new link in the etiopathogenesis of GSD. The microbiome of bile correlates with the bacterial composition of saliva, and the microbiome of the biliary tract has a high similarity with the microbiota of the duodenum. Pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity, through mechanisms of immunomodulation, can affect the motility of the gallbladder and the expression of mucin genes (MUC1,Muc3, MUC4), and represent one of the promoters of stone formation in the gallbladder. The presence of H. pylori infection contributes to the formation of gallstones and affects the occurrence of complications of GSD, including acute and chronic cholecystitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis. Intestinal bacteria (Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides, Eubacterium, and Escherichia coli) participating in the oxidation and epimerization of bile acids can disrupt enterohepatic circulation and lead to the formation of gallstones. At the same time, cholecystectomy due to GSD leads to the further transformation of the composition of the microbiota in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract, increasing the risk of developing stomach cancer and colorectal cancer. Further research is required to determine the possibility of using the evaluation of the composition of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal and biliary tracts as an early diagnostic marker of various gastroenterological diseases.
Collapse
|
19
|
Vegetarian Diets and Medical Expenditure in Taiwan-A Matched Cohort Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112688. [PMID: 31698872 PMCID: PMC6893615 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetarian diets and lifestyle have been shown to reduce the risk of many chronic non-communicable diseases, which now accounts for the major global burden of diseases. We aimed to determine the contribution of vegetarian diets and lifestyle to the actual direct medical cost in a population-based study. Through linkage to the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we compared the health care utilization and medical expenditure of 2166 vegetarians and 4332 age-sex-matched omnivores recruited from the Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation. Diet and lifestyle questionnaires were self-administered and prospectively collected. We used the general linear model to estimate the 5-year average medical expenditure in vegetarians versus omnivores while adjusting for age, sex, education, exercise habits, smoking, and alcohol drinking. Medical expenses related to non-diet associated lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol drinking, active community volunteering, and religious emotional support) were estimated through a comparison with the published population medical cost data standardized to match the age and sex characteristics of the cohort. Tzu Chi vegetarians had significantly lower outpatient visits. This translated into 13% lower outpatient (p = 0.007) and 15% lower total medical expenditures (p = 0.008) when compared with the Tzu Chi omnivores, who had an additional 10% lower medical expenditure when compared with the general population. No difference in dental visits and expenses were found between diet groups. Vegetarian diets are associated with significantly lower medical care expenditure and could be an effective strategy to alleviate the medical–economic burden in selected populations.
Collapse
|