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Munteanu C, Schwartz B. Interactions between Dietary Antioxidants, Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome: Their Putative Role in Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8250. [PMID: 39125822 PMCID: PMC11311432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and the progression of chronic non-communicable diseases underscores the significance of developing strategies to modulate the GI microbiota for promoting human health. The administration of probiotics and prebiotics represents a good strategy that enhances the population of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal lumen post-consumption, which has a positive impact on human health. In addition, dietary fibers serve as a significant energy source for bacteria inhabiting the cecum and colon. Research articles and reviews sourced from various global databases were systematically analyzed using specific phrases and keywords to investigate these relationships. There is a clear association between dietary fiber intake and improved colon function, gut motility, and reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Moreover, the state of health is reflected in the reciprocal and bidirectional relationships among food, dietary antioxidants, inflammation, and body composition. They are known for their antioxidant properties and their ability to inhibit angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation. Additionally, they promote cell survival, modulate immune and inflammatory responses, and inactivate pro-carcinogens. These actions collectively contribute to their role in cancer prevention. In different investigations, antioxidant supplements containing vitamins have been shown to lower the risk of specific cancer types. In contrast, some evidence suggests that taking antioxidant supplements can increase the risk of developing cancer. Ultimately, collaborative efforts among immunologists, clinicians, nutritionists, and dietitians are imperative for designing well-structured nutritional trials to corroborate the clinical efficacy of dietary therapy in managing inflammation and preventing carcinogenesis. This review seeks to explore the interrelationships among dietary antioxidants, dietary fiber, and the gut microbiome, with a particular focus on their potential implications in inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Betty Schwartz
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Jacquier EF, Kassis A, Marcu D, Contractor N, Hong J, Hu C, Kuehn M, Lenderink C, Rajgopal A. Phytonutrients in the promotion of healthspan: a new perspective. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1409339. [PMID: 39070259 PMCID: PMC11272662 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1409339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering a growing, aging population, the need for interventions to improve the healthspan in aging are tantamount. Diet and nutrition are important determinants of the aging trajectory. Plant-based diets that provide bioactive phytonutrients may contribute to offsetting hallmarks of aging and reducing the risk of chronic disease. Researchers now advocate moving toward a positive model of aging which focuses on the preservation of functional abilities, rather than an emphasis on the absence of disease. This narrative review discusses the modulatory effect of nutrition on aging, with an emphasis on promising phytonutrients, and their potential to influence cellular, organ and functional parameters in aging. The literature is discussed against the backdrop of a recent conceptual framework which describes vitality, intrinsic capacity and expressed capacities in aging. This aims to better elucidate the role of phytonutrients on vitality and intrinsic capacity in aging adults. Such a review contributes to this new scientific perspective-namely-how nutrition might help to preserve functional abilities in aging, rather than purely offsetting the risk of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diana Marcu
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jina Hong
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
| | - Chun Hu
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
| | - Marissa Kuehn
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
| | | | - Arun Rajgopal
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
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3
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Da Silva VC, Guerra GCB, Araújo DFDS, De Araújo ER, De Araújo AA, Dantas-Medeiros R, Zanatta AC, Da Silva ILG, De Araújo Júnior RF, Esposito D, Moncada M, Zucolotto SM. Chemopreventive and immunomodulatory effects of phenolic-rich extract of Commiphora leptophloeos against inflammatory bowel disease: Preclinical evidence. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118025. [PMID: 38458342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillet (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant native to Brazil, popularly known as "imburana". Homemade leaf decoction and maceration were used to treat general inflammatory problems in the Brazilian Northeast population. Our previous research confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of the C. leptophloeos hydroalcoholic leaf extract. AIM OF THE STUDY Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gut with no ideal treatment to maintain the remissive status. This work aimed to characterize the phytochemical composition and physicochemical properties of the C. leptophloeos hydroalcoholic leaf extract and its efficacy in chemopreventive and immunomodulatory responses in inflammatory bowel disease in non-clinical models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mass spectrometry and physicochemical tests determined the phytochemical profile and physicochemical characteristics of the Commiphora leptophloeos (CL) extract. The chemopreventive and immunomodulatory effects of CL extract (50 and 125 μg/mL) were evaluated in vitro in the RAW 264.7 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced cell assay and in vivo in the model of intestinal inflammation induced by 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS) in mice when they were treated with CL extract by intragastric gavage (i.g.) at doses of 300, 400 and 500 mg/kg. RESULTS Phytochemical annotation of CL extract showed a complex phenolic composition, characterized as phenolic acids and flavonoids, and satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. In addition, CL extract maintained the viability of RAW macrophages, reduced ROS and NO production, and negatively regulated COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 (p < 0.05). In the intestinal inflammation model, CL extract was able to downregulate NF-κB p65/COX-2, mTOR, iNOS, IL-17, decrease levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase and cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Based on these findings, CL extract reduced inflammatory responses by down-regulating pro-inflammatory markers in macrophages induced by LPS and DNBS-induced colitis in mice through NF-κB p65/COX-2 signaling. CL leaf extract requires further investigation as a candidate for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Costa Da Silva
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Edilane Rodrigues De Araújo
- Health Sciences Center, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Renato Dantas-Medeiros
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Ana Caroline Zanatta
- Research Center for Natural and Synthetic Products, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Isadora Luisa Gomes Da Silva
- Biosciences Center, Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| | - Marvin Moncada
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA; Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Health Sciences Center, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Zhang T, Li J, Renqing C, Baijiu Z, Baima S, Zhaxi W, Nima Y, Zhao W, Song T. Differential gene expression and gut microbiota composition in low-altitude and high-altitude goats. Genomics 2024; 116:110890. [PMID: 38909906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have presented evidence suggesting that altitude exerts detrimental effects on reproductive processes, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our study employed two distinct goat breeds inhabiting low and high altitudes, and conducted a comparative analysis of mRNA profiles in testis tissues and the composition of gut microbiota. The results revealed a reduced testis size in high-altitude goats. RNA-seq analysis identified the presence of 214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the testis. These DEGs resulted in a weakened immunosuppressive effect, ultimately impairing spermatogenesis in high-altitude goats. Additionally, 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing recognized statistically significant variations in the abundance of the genera Treponema, unidentified_Oscillospiraceae, Desulfovibrio, Butyricicoccus, Dorea, Parabacteroides between the two groups. The collective evidence demonstrated the gut and testis played a synergistic role in causing decreased fertility at high altitudes. Our research provides a theoretical basis for future investigations into the reproductive fitness of male goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Discipline Laboratory of National Defense for Nuclear Waste and Environmental Security, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Cuomu Renqing
- Institute of Animal Science, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, Xizang 850009, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Xizang Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, Xizang 850009, China
| | - Zhaxi Baijiu
- Cultural Service Center of Maqian Township, Baingoin County, Nagqu, Xizang 852599, China
| | - Sangzhu Baima
- The Service Station of Agricultural and Animal, Husbandry Technical of Baingoin County, Nagqu, Xizang 852599, China
| | - Wangjie Zhaxi
- The Service Station of Agricultural and Animal, Husbandry Technical of Baingoin County, Nagqu, Xizang 852599, China
| | - Yuzhen Nima
- The Service Station of Agricultural and Animal, Husbandry Technical of Baingoin County, Nagqu, Xizang 852599, China
| | - Wangsheng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China.
| | - Tianzeng Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, Xizang 850009, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Xizang Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, Xizang 850009, China.
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Pu B, Zhu H, Wei L, Gu L, Zhang S, Jian Z, Xiong X. The Involvement of Immune Cells Between Ischemic Stroke and Gut Microbiota. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:498-517. [PMID: 37140808 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a disease with high mortality and disability rate worldwide, currently has no effective treatment. The systemic inflammation response to the ischemic stroke, followed by immunosuppression in focal neurologic deficits and other inflammatory damage, reduces the circulating immune cell counts and multiorgan infectious complications such as intestinal and gut dysfunction dysbiosis. Evidence showed that microbiota dysbiosis plays a role in neuroinflammation and peripheral immune response after stroke, changing the lymphocyte populations. Multiple immune cells, including lymphocytes, engage in complex and dynamic immune responses in all stages of stroke and may be a pivotal moderator in the bidirectional immunomodulation between ischemic stroke and gut microbiota. This review discusses the role of lymphocytes and other immune cells, the immunological processes in the bidirectional immunomodulation between gut microbiota and ischemic stroke, and its potential as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Pu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wei
- Organ Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Ecarnot F, Maggi S. The impact of the Mediterranean diet on immune function in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:117. [PMID: 38780713 PMCID: PMC11116168 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Diet is one of the lifestyle factors that is most amenable to intervention, and has a substantial effect on the potential for successful aging and mitigation of the risk of disease. Good nutrition is a pillar of healthy aging, and a large body of evidence attests to the benefits of the Mediterranean diet on the quality of the aging process. The Mediterranean diet comprises a wide range of nutrients which, both individually and collectively, exert positive effects on immunity, in large part mediated by the gut microbiota. In this article, we review the effect of the Mediterranean diet on immunity, and how its beneficial effects are mediated by the gut microbiota. We review the effects of certain key components of the Mediterranean dietary pattern, including vitamins, zinc, selenium, and polyphenols. Overall, the existing body of evidence convincingly demonstrates that the Mediterreanean diet affects immune health by maintaining a healthy body weight and reducing the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases; by reducing inflammation and by promoting a healthy gut microbiota profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Ecarnot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Besançon, Boulevard Fleming, Besançon, 25000, France.
- SINERGIES Research unit, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, 25000, France.
| | - Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xiang C, Lu Q, Lu H, Yang T, Wang X, Zhang Q, Fan C, Feng C, Zou D, Li H, Tang W. Revisiting the Role of Valeric Acid in Manipulating Ulcerative Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:617-628. [PMID: 38206334 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a complicated interaction between mucosal inflammation, epithelial dysfunction, abnormal activation of innate immune responses, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Though valeric acid (VA), one type of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), has been identified in other inflammatory disorders and cancer development, the pathological role of VA and underlying mechanism of VA in UC remain under further investigation. METHODS Studies of human clinical specimens and experimental colitis models were conducted to confirm the pathological manifestations of the level of SCFAs from human fecal samples and murine colonic homogenates. Valeric acid-intervened murine colitis and a macrophage adoptive transfer were applied to identify the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS In line with gut microbiota dysfunction in UC, alteration of SCFAs from gut microbes were identified in human UC patients and dextran sodium sulfate -induced murine colitis models. Notably, VA was consistently negatively related to the disease severity of UC, the population of monocytes, and the level of interluekin-6. Moreover, VA treatment showed direct suppressive effects on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and murine macrophages in the dependent manner of upregulation of GPR41 and GPR43. Therapeutically, replenishment of VA or adoptive transfer with VA-modulated macrophages showed resistance to dextran sodium sulfate-driven murine colitis though modulating the production of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the research uncovered the pathological role of VA in modulating the activation of macrophages in UC and suggested that VA might be a potential effective agent for UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moting Liu
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Institutional Technology Service Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Caigui Xiang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiukai Lu
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingli Zhang
- Institutional Technology Service Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen Fan
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunlan Feng
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Heng Li
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ferreira C, Vieira P, Sá H, Malva J, Castelo-Branco M, Reis F, Viana S. Polyphenols: immunonutrients tipping the balance of immunometabolism in chronic diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360065. [PMID: 38558823 PMCID: PMC10978763 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence progressively appreciates the vital interplay between immunity and metabolism in a wide array of immunometabolic chronic disorders, both autoimmune and non-autoimmune mediated. The immune system regulates the functioning of cellular metabolism within organs like the brain, pancreas and/or adipose tissue by sensing and adapting to fluctuations in the microenvironment's nutrients, thereby reshaping metabolic pathways that greatly impact a pro- or anti-inflammatory immunophenotype. While it is agreed that the immune system relies on an adequate nutritional status to function properly, we are only just starting to understand how the supply of single or combined nutrients, all of them termed immunonutrients, can steer immune cells towards a less inflamed, tolerogenic immunophenotype. Polyphenols, a class of secondary metabolites abundant in Mediterranean foods, are pharmacologically active natural products with outstanding immunomodulatory actions. Upon binding to a range of receptors highly expressed in immune cells (e.g. AhR, RAR, RLR), they act in immunometabolic pathways through a mitochondria-centered multi-modal approach. First, polyphenols activate nutrient sensing via stress-response pathways, essential for immune responses. Second, they regulate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) balance in immune cells and are well-tolerated caloric restriction mimetics. Third, polyphenols interfere with the assembly of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) in endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites, inhibiting its activation while improving mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Finally, polyphenols impact chromatin remodeling and coordinates both epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming. This work moves beyond the well-documented antioxidant properties of polyphenols, offering new insights into the multifaceted nature of these compounds. It proposes a mechanistical appraisal on the regulatory pathways through which polyphenols modulate the immune response, thereby alleviating chronic low-grade inflammation. Furthermore, it draws parallels between pharmacological interventions and polyphenol-based immunonutrition in their modes of immunomodulation across a wide spectrum of socioeconomically impactful immunometabolic diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetes (type 1 and 2) or even Alzheimer's disease. Lastly, it discusses the existing challenges that thwart the translation of polyphenols-based immunonutritional interventions into long-term clinical studies. Overcoming these limitations will undoubtedly pave the way for improving precision nutrition protocols and provide personalized guidance on tailored polyphenol-based immunonutrition plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ferreira
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Vieira
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena Sá
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Malva
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT)/Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Viana
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
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Fortunato IM, Pereira QC, Oliveira FDS, Alvarez MC, dos Santos TW, Ribeiro ML. Metabolic Insights into Caffeine's Anti-Adipogenic Effects: An Exploration through Intestinal Microbiota Modulation in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1803. [PMID: 38339081 PMCID: PMC10855966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a chronic condition marked by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, not only affects individual well-being but also significantly inflates healthcare costs. The physiological excess of fat manifests as triglyceride (TG) deposition within adipose tissue, with white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion via adipocyte hyperplasia being a key adipogenesis mechanism. As efforts intensify to address this global health crisis, understanding the complex interplay of contributing factors becomes critical for effective public health interventions and improved patient outcomes. In this context, gut microbiota-derived metabolites play an important role in orchestrating obesity modulation. Microbial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), secondary bile acids (BA), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and trimethylamine (TMA) are the main intestinal metabolites in dyslipidemic states. Emerging evidence highlights the microbiota's substantial role in influencing host metabolism and subsequent health outcomes, presenting new avenues for therapeutic strategies, including polyphenol-based manipulations of these microbial populations. Among various agents, caffeine emerges as a potent modulator of metabolic pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and obesity-mitigating properties. Notably, caffeine's anti-adipogenic potential, attributed to the downregulation of key adipogenesis regulators, has been established. Recent findings further indicate that caffeine's influence on obesity may be mediated through alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolic byproducts. Therefore, the present review summarizes the anti-adipogenic effect of caffeine in modulating obesity through the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Monique Fortunato
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (I.M.F.); (Q.C.P.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Quélita Cristina Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (I.M.F.); (Q.C.P.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Fabricio de Sousa Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (I.M.F.); (Q.C.P.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Marisa Claudia Alvarez
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (I.M.F.); (Q.C.P.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas/Hemocentro, UNICAMP, Rua Carlos Chagas 480, Campinas 13083-878, SP, Brazil
| | - Tanila Wood dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (I.M.F.); (Q.C.P.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (I.M.F.); (Q.C.P.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
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10
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Salvesi C, Coman MM, Tomás-Barberán FA, Fiorini D, Silvi S. In vitro study of potential prebiotic properties of monovarietal extra virgin olive oils. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:45-57. [PMID: 37845639 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2270639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil, essential ingredient of the Mediterranean diet, is attracting a growing interest due to increasing evidence on its beneficial effects on human health. This study investigated whether extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) possess prebiotic properties. Twenty different monovarietal EVOO samples from 5 Marche region cultivars (Italy) were studied. The prebiotic activity of EVOOs was assessed monitoring the selective stimulation of gut bacterial species and the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, using an in vitro fermentation system. All EVOOs selectively stimulated Lactobacillus spp., with a stronger activity than that observed in the inulin fermentation (positive control). Also, the bifidobacteria population increased; this bifidogenic stimulation was of EVOOs from Raggia cultivar. SCFAs appeared significantly higher after 24 h in all EVOO fermentations than in the control. Acetic and propionic acids production was particularly stimulated. Overall, most of the investigated EVOOs had a potential prebiotic activity, similar or stronger than inulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Salvesi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | | | | | - Dennis Fiorini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, ChIP - Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Stefania Silvi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
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11
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Li X, Ling Y, Huang X, Zhou T, Wu S, Zhang S, Zhou H, Kang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Yin W. Rosa Roxburghii Tratt Fruit Extract Prevents Dss-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and the IL-17 Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:4560. [PMID: 37960213 PMCID: PMC10650662 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a non-specific inflammatory bowel illness characterized by intestinal mucosal barrier degradation, inflammation, oxidative damage, and gut microbiota imbalances. Rosa roxburghii Tratt Fruit extract (RRTE) was extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit, exhibiting an excellent prevention effect against UC; RRTE could prevent the damage of DSS-induced human normal colonic epithelial (NCM 460) cells, especially in cell viability and morphology, and oxidative damage. Additionally, in UC mice, RRTE could limit the intestinal mucosal barrier by increasing the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins and mucin, reducing inflammation and oxidative damage in colon tissue. More importantly, RRTE can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria to regulate gut microbiota such as Ruminococcus, Turicibacter, and Parabacteroides, and reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Shigella. Furthermore, transcriptomics of colonic mucosal findings point out that the beneficial effect of RRTE on UC could be attributed to the modulation of inflammatory responses such as the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways. The qPCR results confirm that RRTE did involve the regulation of several genes in the IL-17 signaling pathway. In conclusion, RRTE could prevent DSS-induced damage both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Yihan Ling
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China;
| | - Ting Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Shouxun Wu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Heting Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Yuhong Kang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Liqun Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Wenya Yin
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
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12
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Hwang IC, Vasquez R, Song JH, Engstrand L, Valeriano VD, Kang DK. Alterations in the gut microbiome and its metabolites are associated with the immune response to mucosal immunization with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-displaying recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike epitopes in mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1242681. [PMID: 37705931 PMCID: PMC10495993 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1242681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) expressing foreign antigens have great potential as mucosal vaccines. Our previous study reported that recombinant Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SK156 displaying SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 epitopes elicited humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice. Here, we further examined the effect of the LAB-based mucosal vaccine on gut microbiome composition and function, and gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Forty-nine (49) female BALB/c mice were orally administered L. plantarum SK156-displaying SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 epitopes thrice (at 14-day intervals). Mucosal immunization considerably altered the gut microbiome of mice by enriching the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, such as Muribaculaceae, Mucispirillum, Ruminococcaceae, Alistipes, Roseburia, and Clostridia vadinBB60. Moreover, the predicted function of the gut microbiome showed increased metabolic pathways for amino acids, energy, carbohydrates, cofactors, and vitamins. The fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, was also altered by mucosal immunization. Notably, alterations in gut microbiome composition, function, and butyrate levels were positively associated with the immune response to the vaccine. Our results suggest that the gut microbiome and its metabolites may have influenced the immunogenicity of the LAB-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Chan Hwang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Robie Vasquez
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Song
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research (CTMR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valerie Diane Valeriano
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research (CTMR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Kikusato M, Toyomizu M. Mechanisms underlying the Effects of Heat Stress on Intestinal Integrity, Inflammation, and Microbiota in Chickens. J Poult Sci 2023; 60:2023021. [PMID: 37560151 PMCID: PMC10406517 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.2023021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry meat and egg production benefits from a smaller carbon footprint, as well as feed and water consumption, per unit of product, than other protein sources. Therefore, maintaining a sustainable production of poultry meat is important to meet the increasing global demand for this staple. Heat stress experienced during the summer season or in tropical/subtropical areas negatively affects the productivity and health of chickens. Crucially, its impact is predicted to grow with the acceleration of global warming. Heat stress affects the physiology, metabolism, and immune response of chickens, causing electrolyte imbalance, oxidative stress, endocrine disorders, inflammation, and immunosuppression. These changes do not occur independently, pointing to a systemic mechanism. Recently, intestinal homeostasis has been identified as an important contributor to nutrient absorption and the progression of systemic inflammation. Its mechanism of action is thought to involve neuroendocrine signaling, antioxidant response, the presence of oxidants in the diet, and microbiota composition. The present review focuses on the effect of heat stress on intestinal dysfunction in chickens and the underlying causative factors. Understanding these mechanisms will direct the design of strategies to mitigate the negative effect of heat stress, while benefiting both animal health and sustainable poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Kikusato
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaaki Toyomizu
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Caserta S, Genovese C, Cicero N, Toscano V, Gangemi S, Allegra A. The Interplay between Medical Plants and Gut Microbiota in Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:3327. [PMID: 37571264 PMCID: PMC10421419 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a dynamic community of bacteria distributed in the gastroenteric tract and changes in response to diseases, diet, use of antibiotics and probiotics, hygiene status, and other environmental factors. Dysbiosis, a disruption of the normal crosstalk between the host and the microbes, is associated with obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, is linked to a reduction of anti-inflammatory bacteria like Lactobacillus and Roseburia, and to an increase in the growth of proinflammatory species like Ruminococcus gnavus and Bacteroidetes. Some plants possess anticancer properties and various studies have reported that some of these are also able to modulate the gut microbiota. The aim of this work is to evaluate the crucial relationship between medical plants and gut microbiota and the consequences on the onset and progression of cancer. In vivo studies about hematological malignancies showed that beta-glucans tie to endogenous antibeta glucan antibodies and to iC3b, an opsonic fragment of the central complement protein C3, leading to phagocytosis of antibody-targeted neoplastic cells and potentiation of the cytotoxic activity of the innate immune system if administered together with monoclonal antibodies. In conclusion, this review suggests the potential use of medical plants to improve gut dysbiosis and assist in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Caserta
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Claudia Genovese
- National Research Council, Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Valeria Toscano
- National Research Council, Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.)
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15
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Melo LFMD, Aquino-Martins VGDQ, Silva APD, Oliveira Rocha HA, Scortecci KC. Biological and pharmacological aspects of tannins and potential biotechnological applications. Food Chem 2023; 414:135645. [PMID: 36821920 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites are divided into three classes: phenolic, terpenoid, and nitrogenous compounds. Phenolic compounds are also known as polyphenols and include tannins, classified as hydrolysable or condensed. Herein, we explored tannins for their ROS reduction characteristics and role in homeostasis. These activities are associated with the numbers and degree of polymerisation of reactive hydroxyl groups present in the phenolic rings of tannins. These characteristics are associated with anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-proliferative health benefits. Tannins can reduce the risk of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer's, respectively. These biomolecules may be used as nutraceuticals to maintain good gut microbiota. Industrial applications include providing durability to leather, anti-corrosive properties to metals, and substrates for 3D printing and in bio-based foam manufacture. This review updates regarding tannin-based research and highlights its biological and pharmacological relevance and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Fentanes Moura de Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59072-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59078-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Verônica Giuliani de Queiroz Aquino-Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59072-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59078-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ariana Pereira da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59072-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59078-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59078-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59078-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Katia Castanho Scortecci
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59072-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário UFRN, 59078-970, Bairro Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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16
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Zhou S, Yang L, Hu L, Qin W, Cao Y, Tang Z, Li H, Hu X, Fang Z, Li S, Huang Z, Chen H. Blueberry extract alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation responses in mice through activating the FXR/TGR5 signaling pathway and regulating gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4638-4648. [PMID: 36935348 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blueberry extract (BE) is rich in phenols, especially anthocyanins. Anthocyanins regulate the inflammatory response in mice and may be related to gut microbiota and bile acid receptors. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of BE on the inflammatory response by regulating gut microbiota and bile acid receptors in mice administered Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHOD Thirty male KM mice were randomly divided into three groups: CON (control diet) group; LPS (LPS stimulation) group; and LPS + BE (LPS stimulation, 5% BE intervention) group. RESULTS our results showed that, compared with the LPS group, the addition of BE decreased the level of inflammatory factors in serum and tissues, inhibited the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, protected the intestinal barrier and activated FXR/TGR5, which was related to gut microbiota (especially Akkermansia). The active component (e.g., cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, C3G) in BE may be an important factor in regulating gut microbiota. CONCLUSION BE alleviated the inflammatory response mainly by activating bile acid receptor expression and regulating the gut microbiota; this effect may be related to the composition of bioactive substances in BE. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhou
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Liang Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Zizhong Tang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinjie Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
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17
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102371. [PMID: 37242253 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant response in training adaptations and sports performance has been a large issue investigated in the last few years. The present review aims to analyze the role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant response in sports performance. For this aim, the production of reactive oxygen species in physical activities, the effect of reactive oxygen species on sports performance, the relationship between reactive oxygen species and training adaptations, inflammation, and the microbiota, the effect of antioxidants on recovery and sports performance, and strategies to use antioxidants supplementations will be discussed. Finally, practical applications derived from this information are discussed. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during physical activity greatly influences sports performance. This review concludes that ROS play a critical role in the processes of training adaptation induced by resistance training through a reduction in inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress, as well as appropriate molecular signaling. Additionally, it has been established that micronutrients play an important role in counteracting free radicals, such as reactive oxygen species, which cause oxidative stress, and the effects of antioxidants on recovery, sports performance, and strategies for using antioxidant supplements, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, resveratrol, coenzyme Q10, selenium, and curcumin to enhance physical and mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Ismael Martínez-Guardado
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, C/del Hostal, 28248 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Ziółkiewicz A, Kasprzak-Drozd K, Rusinek R, Markut-Miotła E, Oniszczuk A. The Influence of Polyphenols on Atherosclerosis Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087146. [PMID: 37108307 PMCID: PMC10139042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have attracted tremendous attention due to their pro-health properties, including their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and neuroprotective activities. Atherosclerosis is a vascular disorder underlying several CVDs. One of the main risk factors causing atherosclerosis is the type and quality of food consumed. Therefore, polyphenols represent promising agents in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, as demonstrated by in vitro, animal, preclinical and clinical studies. However, most polyphenols cannot be absorbed directly by the small intestine. Gut microbiota play a crucial role in converting dietary polyphenols into absorbable bioactive substances. An increasing understanding of the field has confirmed that specific GM taxa strains mediate the gut microbiota-atherosclerosis axis. The present study explores the anti-atherosclerotic properties and associated underlying mechanisms of polyphenols. Moreover, it provides a basis for better understanding the relationship between dietary polyphenols, gut microbiota, and cardiovascular benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ziółkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Dr Wiotolda Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Dr Wiotolda Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Rusinek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Markut-Miotła
- Department of Lung Diseases and Children Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Prof. Antoniego Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Dr Wiotolda Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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19
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Man AWC, Zhou Y, Xia N, Li H. Dietary supplements and vascular function in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Pflugers Arch 2023:10.1007/s00424-023-02810-2. [PMID: 37043045 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are complications that can lead to maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are generally defined as hypertension and may be accompanied by other end organ damages including proteinuria, maternal organ disturbances including renal insufficiency, neurological complications, thrombocytopenia, impaired liver function, or uteroplacental dysfunction such as fetal growth restriction and stillbirth. Although the causes of these hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are multifactorial and elusive, they seem to share some common vascular-related mechanisms, including diseased spiral arteries, placental ischemia, and endothelial dysfunction. Recently, preeclampsia is being considered as a vascular disorder. Unfortunately, due to the complex etiology of preeclampsia and safety concerns on drug usage during pregnancy, there is still no effective pharmacological treatments available for preeclampsia yet. An emerging area of interest in this research field is the potential beneficial effects of dietary intervention on reducing the risk of preeclampsia. Recent studies have been focused on the association between deficiencies or excesses of some nutrients and complications during pregnancy, fetal growth and development, and later risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the offspring. In this review, we discuss the involvement of placental vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia. We summarize the current understanding of the association between abnormal placentation and preeclampsia in a vascular perspective. Finally, we evaluate several studied dietary supplementations to prevent and reduce the risk of preeclampsia, targeting placental vascular development and function, leading to improved pregnancy and postnatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy W C Man
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yawen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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20
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Sarubbo F, Moranta D, Tejada S, Jiménez M, Esteban S. Impact of Gut Microbiota in Brain Ageing: Polyphenols as Beneficial Modulators. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040812. [PMID: 37107187 PMCID: PMC10134998 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain ageing is a complex physiological process that includes several mechanisms. It is characterized by neuronal/glial dysfunction, alterations in brain vasculature and barriers, and the decline in brain repair systems. These disorders are triggered by an increase in oxidative stress and a proinflammatory state, without adequate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory systems, as it occurs in young life stages. This state is known as inflammaging. Gut microbiota and the gut–brain axis (GBA) have been associated with brain function, in a bidirectional communication that can cause loss or gain of the brain’s functionality. There are also intrinsic and extrinsic factors with the ability to modulate this connection. Among the extrinsic factors, the components of diet, principally natural components such as polyphenols, are the most reported. The beneficial effects of polyphenols in brain ageing have been described, mainly due to their antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties, including the modulation of gut microbiota and the GBA. The aim of this review was, by following the canonical methodology for a state-of-the-art review, to compose the existing evidenced picture of the impact of the gut microbiota on ageing and their modulation by polyphenols as beneficial molecules against brain ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Sarubbo
- Neurophysiology Lab, Biology Department, Science Faculty, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Research Unit, Son Llàtzer University Hospital (HUSLL), Crta. Manacor km 4, 07198 Palma, Spain
- Group of Neurophysiology, Behavioral Studies and Biomarkers, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07198 Palma, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-871202022
| | - David Moranta
- Neurophysiology Lab, Biology Department, Science Faculty, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Group of Neurophysiology, Behavioral Studies and Biomarkers, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07198 Palma, Spain
| | - Silvia Tejada
- Neurophysiology Lab, Biology Department, Science Faculty, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Group of Neurophysiology, Behavioral Studies and Biomarkers, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07198 Palma, Spain
- CIBERON (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Jiménez
- Neurophysiology Lab, Biology Department, Science Faculty, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Group of Neurophysiology, Behavioral Studies and Biomarkers, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07198 Palma, Spain
| | - Susana Esteban
- Neurophysiology Lab, Biology Department, Science Faculty, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Group of Neurophysiology, Behavioral Studies and Biomarkers, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07198 Palma, Spain
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21
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Wang Q, Xu K, Cai X, Wang C, Cao Y, Xiao J. Rosmarinic Acid Restores Colonic Mucus Secretion in Colitis Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites and the Activation of Inflammasomes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4571-4585. [PMID: 36883243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining a steady state of mucus barrier is an important potential target for polyphenol to exert its anticolitis activity. This study elucidates the pivotal role of polyphenol rosmaric acid (RA) in regulating the mucus barrier function and alleviating inflammation by identifying its gut microbiota-derived metabolites and evaluating its inhibitory effect on inflammasomes in colitis mice. Results demonstrated that RA treatment promoted the proliferation of goblet cells and restored the level of mucus secretion, especially Muc2. RA reshaped the microbiota of colitis mice, particularly the boost of core probiotics, such as p. Bacteroidaceae, f. Muribaculaceae, g. Muribaculaceae, g. Alistipes, and g. Clostridia_UCG-014. Nontargeted metabonomics and targeted metabonomics confirmed a significant increase in the bile acids and their metabolites (7-sulfocholic acid, stercobilin, chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate, chenodeoxycholic acid sulfate, and ursodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate), indole metabolites ((R)-2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-2-oxo-3-indoleacetic acid, frovatriptan, 3-formyl-6-hydroxyindole, and brassicanal A), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (acetic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid) that contributed to the strengthened mucus barrier function. In addition, being absorbed mainly in the lower digestive tract, RA inhibited the overexpression of inflammasomes (especially NLRP6) that occurred in colitis mice to promote the mucus secretion of goblet cells. These data confirmed that RA, as a promising candidate to enhance gut health, restored colonic mucus secretion in colitis mice by mediating the production of gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the overexpression of inflammasomes. The presented study provides scientific evidence explaining the apparent paradox of low bioavailability and high bioactivity in polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kangjie Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chujing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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22
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Marano G, Mazza M, Lisci FM, Ciliberto M, Traversi G, Kotzalidis GD, De Berardis D, Laterza L, Sani G, Gasbarrini A, Gaetani E. The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Psychoneuroimmunological Insights. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061496. [PMID: 36986226 PMCID: PMC10059722 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the role that the intestinal microbiota and the related autoimmune processes may have in the genesis and presentation of some psychiatric diseases. An alteration in the communication of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which constitutes a communicative model between the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastro-enteric tract, has been identified as one of the possible causes of some psychiatric diseases. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe evidence supporting a role of the gut microbiota in psychiatric diseases and the impact of diet on microbiota and mental health. Change in the composition of the gut microbiota could determine an increase in the permeability of the intestinal barrier, leading to a cytokine storm. This could trigger a systemic inflammatory activation and immune response: this series of events could have repercussions on the release of some neurotransmitters, altering the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and reducing the presence of trophic brain factors. Although gut microbiota and psychiatric disorders seem to be connected, more effort is needed to understand the potential causative mechanisms underlying the interactions between these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Marano
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Mazza
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Lisci
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Ciliberto
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianandrea Traversi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina-Gemelli Isola, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Demetrios Kotzalidis
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lucrezia Laterza
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gaetani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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23
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Redondo-Castillejo R, Garcimartín A, Hernández-Martín M, López-Oliva ME, Bocanegra A, Macho-González A, Bastida S, Benedí J, Sánchez-Muniz FJ. Proanthocyanidins: Impact on Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Action Mechanisms in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065369. [PMID: 36982444 PMCID: PMC10049473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of risk factors, such as central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension, which increase the probability of causing premature mortality. The consumption of high-fat diets (HFD) is a major driver of the rising incidence of MS. In fact, the altered interplay between HFD, microbiome, and the intestinal barrier is being considered as a possible origin of MS. Consumption of proanthocyanidins (PAs) has a beneficial effect against the metabolic disturbances in MS. However, there are no conclusive results in the literature about the efficacy of PAs in improving MS. This review allows a comprehensive validation of the diverse effects of the PAs on the intestinal dysfunction in HFD-induced MS, differentiating between preventive and therapeutic actions. Special emphasis is placed on the impact of PAs on the gut microbiota, providing a system to facilitate comparison between the studies. PAs can modulate the microbiome toward a healthy profile and strength barrier integrity. Nevertheless, to date, published clinical trials to verify preclinical findings are scarce. Finally, the preventive consumption of PAs in MS-associated dysbiosis and intestinal dysfunction induced by HFD seems more successful than the treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Redondo-Castillejo
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Garcimartín
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Hernández-Martín
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Elvira López-Oliva
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Bocanegra
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (F.J.S.-M.); Tel.: +34-394-1700 (A.B.); +34-913-941-828 (F.J.S.-M.)
| | - Adrián Macho-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Bastida
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Benedí
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (F.J.S.-M.); Tel.: +34-394-1700 (A.B.); +34-913-941-828 (F.J.S.-M.)
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24
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Caro-León FJ, López-Donaire ML, Vázquez R, Huerta-Madroñal M, Lizardi-Mendoza J, Argüelles-Monal WM, Fernández-Quiroz D, García-Fernández L, San Roman J, Vázquez-Lasa B, García P, Aguilar MR. DEAE/Catechol-Chitosan Conjugates as Bioactive Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Applications. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:613-627. [PMID: 36594453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This work provides the first description of the synthesis and characterization of water-soluble chitosan (Cs) derivatives based on the conjugation of both diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) and catechol groups onto the Cs backbone (Cs-DC) in order to obtain a Cs derivative with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The degree of substitution [DS (%)] was 35.46% for DEAE and 2.53% for catechol, determined by spectroscopy. Changes in the molecular packing due to the incorporation of both pendant groups were described by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. For Cs, the crystallinity index was 59.46% and the maximum decomposition rate appeared at 309.3 °C, while for Cs-DC, the values corresponded to 16.98% and 236.4 °C, respectively. The incorporation of DEAE and catechol groups also increases the solubility of the polymer at pH > 7 without harming the antimicrobial activity displayed by the unmodified polymer. The catecholic derivatives increase the radical scavenging activity in terms of the half-maximum effective concentration (EC50). An EC50 of 1.20 μg/mL was found for neat hydrocaffeic acid (HCA) solution, while for chitosan-catechol (Cs-Ca) and Cs-DC solutions, concentrations equivalent to free HCA of 0.33 and 0.41 μg/mL were required, respectively. Cell culture results show that all Cs derivatives have low cytotoxicity, and Cs-DC showed the ability to reduce the activity of reactive oxygen species by 40% at concentrations as low as 4 μg/mL. Polymeric nanoparticles of Cs derivatives with a hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of around 200 nm, unimodal size distributions, and a negative ζ-potential were obtained by ionotropic gelation and coated with hyaluronic acid in aqueous suspension, providing the multifunctional nanoparticles with higher stability and a narrower size distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Caro-León
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), CSIC, 28006Madrid, Spain.,Biopolymers Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. (CIAD), 83304Hermosillo, México
| | | | - Roberto Vázquez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), 28040Madrid, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Respiratory Diseases, CIBERES, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Huerta-Madroñal
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), CSIC, 28006Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza
- Biopolymers Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. (CIAD), 83304Hermosillo, México
| | - Waldo Manuel Argüelles-Monal
- Biopolymers Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. (CIAD), 83304Hermosillo, México
| | - Daniel Fernández-Quiroz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, Universidad de Sonora, 83000Hermosillo, México
| | - Luis García-Fernández
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), CSIC, 28006Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio San Roman
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), CSIC, 28006Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Vázquez-Lasa
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), CSIC, 28006Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro García
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), 28040Madrid, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Respiratory Diseases, CIBERES, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Rosa Aguilar
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), CSIC, 28006Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029Madrid, Spain
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25
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Romero-Figueroa MDS, Ramírez-Durán N, Montiel-Jarquín AJ, Horta-Baas G. Gut-joint axis: Gut dysbiosis can contribute to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis via multiple pathways. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1092118. [PMID: 36779190 PMCID: PMC9911673 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1092118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by loss of immune tolerance and chronic inflammation. It is pathogenesis complex and includes interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Current evidence supports the hypothesis that gut dysbiosis may play the role of environmental triggers of arthritis in animals and humans. Progress in the understanding of the gut microbiome and RA. has been remarkable in the last decade. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that gut dysbiosis could shape the immune system and cause persistent immune inflammatory responses. Furthermore, gut dysbiosis could induce alterations in intestinal permeability, which have been found to predate arthritis onset. In contrast, metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota have an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect. However, the precise underlying mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis induces the development of arthritis remain elusive. This review aimed to highlight the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis could contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. The overall data showed that gut dysbiosis could contribute to RA pathogenesis by multiple pathways, including alterations in gut barrier function, molecular mimicry, gut dysbiosis influences the activation and the differentiation of innate and acquired immune cells, cross-talk between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and immune cells, and alterations in the microenvironment. The relative weight of each of these mechanisms in RA pathogenesis remains uncertain. Recent studies showed a substantial role for gut microbiota-derived metabolites pathway, especially butyrate, in the RA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ninfa Ramírez-Durán
- Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Alvaro José Montiel-Jarquín
- Dirección de Educación e Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Especialidades de Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Horta-Baas
- Rheumatology Service, Internal Medicine Department, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Merida, Mexico,*Correspondence: Gabriel Horta-Baas,
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26
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Andronie-Cioara FL, Ardelean AI, Nistor-Cseppento CD, Jurcau A, Jurcau MC, Pascalau N, Marcu F. Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031869. [PMID: 36768235 PMCID: PMC9915182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Aging associates with a chronic inflammatory state both in the periphery and in the central nervous system, the evidence thereof and the mechanisms leading to chronic neuroinflammation being discussed. Nonetheless, neuroinflammation is significantly enhanced by the accumulation of amyloid beta and accelerates the progression of Alzheimer's disease through various pathways discussed in the present review. Decades of clinical trials targeting the 2 abnormal proteins in Alzheimer's disease, amyloid beta and tau, led to many failures. As such, targeting neuroinflammation via different strategies could prove a valuable therapeutic strategy, although much research is still needed to identify the appropriate time window. Active research focusing on identifying early biomarkers could help translating these novel strategies from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Adriana Ioana Ardelean
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Carmen Delia Nistor-Cseppento
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.D.N.-C.); (N.P.)
| | - Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | | | - Nicoleta Pascalau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.D.N.-C.); (N.P.)
| | - Florin Marcu
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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27
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Li B, Sun S, Li JJ, Yuan JP, Sun SR, Wu Q. Adipose tissue macrophages: implications for obesity-associated cancer. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:1. [PMID: 36593475 PMCID: PMC9809128 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most serious global health problems, with an incidence that increases yearly and coincides with the development of cancer. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are particularly important in this context and contribute to linking obesity-related inflammation and tumor progression. However, the functions of ATMs on the progression of obesity-associated cancer remain unclear. In this review, we describe the origins, phenotypes, and functions of ATMs. Subsequently, we summarize the potential mechanisms on the reprogramming of ATMs in the obesity-associated microenvironment, including the direct exchange of dysfunctional metabolites, inordinate cytokines and other signaling mediators, transfer of extracellular vesicle cargo, and variations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. A better understanding of the properties and functions of ATMs under conditions of obesity will lead to the development of new therapeutic interventions for obesity-related cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Juan-Juan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Sheng-Rong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China. .,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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28
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Fan L, Zeng X, Xu G. Metformin Regulates Gut Microbiota Abundance to Suppress M2 Skewing of Macrophages and Colorectal Tumorigenesis in Mice. J Microbiol 2023; 61:109-120. [PMID: 36701104 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-00010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The correlation of imbalanced gut microbiota with the onset and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) has become clear. This work investigates the effect of metformin on gut microbiota and genesis of CRC in mice. Human fecal samples were collected from healthy control (HC) donors and CRC patients. Compared to HC donors, CRC patients had reduced abundance of gut microbiota; however, they had increased abundance of detrimental Bacteroidetes. Mice were injected with azomethane (AOM) to induce colorectal tumorigenesis models. Treatment of CRC patients-sourced fecal microbiota promoted tumorigenesis, and it increased the expression of Ki67, β-catenin, COX-2, and Cyclin D1 in mouse colon tissues. Further treatment of metformin blocked the colorectal tumorigenesis in mice. Fecal microbiota from the metformin-treated mice was collected, which showed decreased Bacteroidetes abundance and suppressed AOM-induced colorectal tumorigenesis in mice as well. Moreover, the metformin- modified microbiota promoted the M1 macrophage-related markers IL-6 and iNOS but suppressed the M2 macrophage-related markers IL-4R and Arg1 in mouse colon tissues. In conclusion, this study suggests that metformin-mediated gut microbiota alteration suppresses macrophage M2 polarization to block colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfu Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Essential Minerals and Metabolic Adaptation of Immune Cells. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010123. [PMID: 36615781 PMCID: PMC9824256 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern lifestyles deviated considerably from the ancestral routines towards major shifts in diets and increased sedentarism. The trace elements status of the human body is no longer adequately supported by micronutrient-inferior farmed meats and crop commodities produced by the existing agricultural food systems. This is particular evident in the increased obesogenic adipogenesis and low-grade inflammation that fails to resolve with time. The metabolically restrictive environment of the inflamed tissues drives activation and proliferation of transient and resident populations of immune cells in favor of pro-inflammatory phenotypes, as well as a part of the enhanced autoimmune response. As different stages of the immune activation and resolution depend on the availability of specific minerals to maintain the structural integrity of skin and mucus membranes, activation and migration of immune cells, activation of the complement system, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, this review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the contribution of select minerals in optimizing the responses of innate and adaptive immune outcomes. An abbreviated view on the absorption, transport, and delivery of minerals to the body tissues as related to metabolic adaptation is considered.
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Polyphenols as Drivers of a Homeostatic Gut Microecology and Immuno-Metabolic Traits of Akkermansia muciniphila: From Mouse to Man. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010045. [PMID: 36613488 PMCID: PMC9820369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucosal symbiont considered a gut microbial marker in healthy individuals, as its relative abundance is significantly reduced in subjects with gut inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Dietary polyphenols can distinctly stimulate the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, contributing to the attenuation of several diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, and liver damage. However, mechanistic insight into how polyphenols stimulate A. muciniphila or its activity is limited. This review focuses on dietary interventions in rodents and humans and in vitro studies using different phenolic classes. We provide critical insights with respect to potential mechanisms explaining the effects of polyphenols affecting A. muciniphila. Anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavanones, stilbenes, and phenolic acids are shown to increase relative A. muciniphila levels in vivo, whereas lignans exert the opposite effect. Clinical trials show consistent findings, and high intervariability relying on the gut microbiota composition at the baseline and the presence of multiple polyphenol degraders appear to be cardinal determinants in inducing A. muciniphila and associated benefits by polyphenol intake. Polyphenols signal to the AhR receptor and impact the relative abundance of A. muciniphila in a direct and indirect fashion, resulting in the restoration of intestinal epithelial integrity and homeostatic crosstalk with the gut microbiota by affecting IL-22 production. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that A. muciniphila participates in the initial hydrolysis of some polyphenols but does not participate in their complete metabolism. In conclusion, the consumption of polyphenol-rich foods targeting A. muciniphila as a pivotal intermediary represents a promising precision nutritional therapy to prevent and attenuate metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
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Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular System: An Intricate Balance of Health and the Diseased State. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121986. [PMID: 36556351 PMCID: PMC9780831 DOI: 10.3390/life12121986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota encompasses the resident microflora of the gut. Having an intricate relationship with the host, it plays an important role in regulating physiology and in the maintenance of balance between health and disease. Though dietary habits and the environment play a critical role in shaping the gut, an imbalance (referred to as dysbiosis) serves as a driving factor in the occurrence of different diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). With risk factors of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, etc., CVD accounts for a large number of deaths among men (32%) and women (35%) worldwide. As gut microbiota is reported to have a direct influence on the risk factors associated with CVDs, this opens up new avenues in exploring the possible role of gut microbiota in regulating the gross physiological aspects along the gut-heart axis. The present study elaborates on different aspects of the gut microbiota and possible interaction with the host towards maintaining a balance between health and the occurrence of CVDs. As the gut microbiota makes regulatory checks for these risk factors, it has a possible role in shaping the gut and, as such, in decreasing the chances of the occurrence of CVDs. With special emphasis on the risk factors for CVDs, this paper includes information on the prominent bacterial species (Firmicutes, Bacteriodetes and others) towards an advance in our understanding of the etiology of CVDs and an exploration of the best possible therapeutic modules for implementation in the treatment of different CVDs along the gut-heart axis.
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Chen K, Gao Z, Ding Q, Tang C, Zhang H, Zhai T, Xie W, Jin Z, Zhao L, Liu W. Effect of natural polyphenols in Chinese herbal medicine on obesity and diabetes: Interactions among gut microbiota, metabolism, and immunity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962720. [PMID: 36386943 PMCID: PMC9651142 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With global prevalence, metabolic diseases, represented by obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have a huge burden on human health and medical expenses. It is estimated that obese population has doubled in recent 40 years, and population with diabetes will increase 1.5 times in next 25 years, which has inspired the pursuit of economical and effective prevention and treatment methods. Natural polyphenols are emerging as a class of natural bioactive compounds with potential beneficial effects on the alleviation of obesity and T2DM. In this review, we investigated the network interaction mechanism of "gut microbial disturbance, metabolic disorder, and immune imbalance" in both obesity and T2DM and systemically summarized their multiple targets in the treatment of obesity and T2DM, including enrichment of the beneficial gut microbiota (genera Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus) and upregulation of the levels of gut microbiota-derived metabolites [short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)] and bile acids (BAs). Moreover, we explored their effect on host glucolipid metabolism, the AMPK pathway, and immune modulation via the inhibition of pro-inflammatory immune cells (M1-like Mϕs, Th1, and Th17 cells); proliferation, recruitment, differentiation, and function; and related cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and MCP-1). We hope to provide evidence to promote the clinical application of natural polyphenols in the management of obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyou Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiangang Zhai
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weinan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zishan Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenke Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Riazati N, Kable ME, Newman JW, Adkins Y, Freytag T, Jiang X, Stephensen CB. Associations of microbial and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-derived tryptophan metabolites with immune activation in healthy adults. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917966. [PMID: 36248784 PMCID: PMC9558171 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tryptophan (Trp) metabolites from intestinal bacteria (indole, indole acetic acid [IAA] and indole propionic acid [IPA]), and the Trp metabolite kynurenine (Kyn) from the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway, are aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists and thus, can regulate immune activity via the AhR pathway. We hypothesized that plasma concentrations of these metabolites would be associated with markers of immune activation in a cohort of healthy adults in a manner consistent with AhR-mediated immune-regulation. We also hypothesized that the plasma Kyn/Trp ratio, a marker of IDO activity, would be associated with immune markers reflecting IDO activation in innate immune cells. Finally, we hypothesized that some intestinal bacteria would be associated with plasma indole, IPA and IAA, and that these bacteria themselves would be associated with immune markers. Methods A novel set of 88 immune markers, and plasma Trp metabolites, were measured in 362 healthy adults. Bacterial taxa from stool were identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify significant associations with immune markers. Results The sum of indole and IAA was positively associated with natural killer T-cells levels. Kyn and Kyn/Trp were positively associated with neopterin and IP-10, markers of type 1 immunity, and TNF-α and C-reactive protein (CRP), markers of the acute phase response, and the regulatory cytokine IL-10. Three bacteria negatively associated with Trp metabolites were associated with markers of immune activation: the family Lachnospiraceae with higher lymphocyte counts but lower level of activated CD4 T-cells, the genus Dorea with higher production of IFN-γ by T-cells in PBMC cultures, and the genus Ruminococcus with higher production IL-6 in PBMC cultures stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Conclusions In this cohort of healthy adults bacterial Trp metabolites were not strongly associated with immune markers. Conversely, the Kyn/Trp ratio was strongly associated with markers of systemic inflammation and the acute phase response, consistent with IDO activation in innate immune cells. Finally, commensal bacteria associated with lower plasma (and perhaps intestinal) levels of bacterial Trp metabolites were associated with greater immune activation, possibly reflecting decreased regulatory immune activity related to lower intestinal levels of bacterial indole metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niknaz Riazati
- Graduate group of Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mary E. Kable
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - John W. Newman
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yuriko Adkins
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Tammy Freytag
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Charles B. Stephensen
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Charles B. Stephensen,
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Fu Y, Gao H, Hou X, Chen Y, Xu K. Pretreatment with IPA ameliorates colitis in mice: Colon transcriptome and fecal 16S amplicon profiling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1014881. [PMID: 36159803 PMCID: PMC9495931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1014881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Indolepropionic acid (IPA) is a tryptophan metabolite that has anti-inflammatory properties. The present study try to investigate the phylactic effects of IPA on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice. The results showed that IPA pretreatment ameliorated the DSS-induced decrease in growth performance, and intestinal damage and enhanced immunity in mice. RNA-seq analysis of mouse colon samples revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that IPA pretreatment ameliorated DSS-induced colonic microbiota dysbiosis. Moreover, the expression levels of gut immune genes were positively correlated with the relative abundance of several probiotics, such as Alloprevotella and Catenibacterium. In conclusion, IPA alleviates DSS-induced acute colitis in mice by regulating inflammatory cytokines, balancing the colonic microbiota and modulating the expression of genes related to inflammation, which would also provide a theoretical basis for IPA as a strategy to improve intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Hu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kang Xu,
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Fehér J, Élő Á, István L, Nagy ZZ, Radák Z, Scuderi G, Artico M, Kovács I. Microbiota mitochondria disorders as hubs for early age-related macular degeneration. GeroScience 2022; 44:2623-2653. [PMID: 35978068 PMCID: PMC9385247 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting the central area (macula lutea) of the retina. Research on the pathogenic mechanism of AMD showed complex cellular contribution governed by such risk factors as aging, genetic predisposition, diet, and lifestyle. Recent studies suggested that microbiota is a transducer and a modifier of risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, and mitochondria may be one of the intracellular targets of microbial signaling molecules. This review explores studies supporting a new concept on the contribution of microbiota-mitochondria disorders to AMD. We discuss metabolic, vascular, immune, and neuronal mechanism in AMD as well as key alterations of photoreceptor cells, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), Bruch's membrane, choriocapillaris endothelial, immune, and neuronal cells. Special attention was paid to alterations of mitochondria contact sites (MCSs), an organelle network of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets (LDs), and peroxisomes being documented based on our own electron microscopic findings from surgically removed human eyes. Morphometry of Bruch's membrane lipids and proteoglycans has also been performed in early AMD and aged controls. Microbial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, polyphenols, and secondary bile acids) and microbial compounds (lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and bacterial DNA)-now called postbiotics-in addition to local effects on resident microbiota and mucous membrane, regulate systemic metabolic, vascular, immune, and neuronal mechanisms in normal conditions and in various common diseases. We also discuss their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects as well as experimental and clinical observations on regulating the main processes of photoreceptor renewal, mitophagy, and autophagy in early AMD. These findings support an emerging concept that microbiota-mitochondria disorders may be a crucial pathogenic mechanism of early AMD; and similarly, to other age-related neurodegenerative diseases, new treatment approaches should be targeted at these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Fehér
- PRIMAVERA Program, Nutripharma Hungaria Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Élő
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla István
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Zsolt Nagy
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Radák
- grid.472475.70000 0000 9243 1481Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gianluca Scuderi
- grid.7841.aOphthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Artico
- grid.417007.5Department of Sensory Organs, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Illés Kovács
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY USA
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Ortega MA, García-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, Alvarez-Mon MA, Gómez-Lahoz AM, Lahera G, Monserrat J, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Quintero J, Álvarez-Mon M. Immune-Mediated Diseases from the Point of View of Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070973. [PMID: 36101354 PMCID: PMC9312038 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are growing in prevalence and relevance in our society, entailing notable consequences for the individual and healthcare systems. These medical conditions are associated with a systemic inflammatory milieu and an aberrant functioning of the immune system, establishing a bidirectional interplay with other organs and systems of the body. Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE) is an area of great interest relating the immune system with the individual’s psyche, nervous, and endocrine system. As compelling evidence supports the pivotal role of PNIE in the understanding and clinical management of IMIDs, the aim of the present review is to deepen the current basic and clinical knowledge in this field. Abstract Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) represent a large group of diseases (Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis) evidenced by systemic inflammation and multiorgan involvement. IMIDs result in a reduced quality of life and an economic burden for individuals, health care systems, and countries. In this brief descriptive review, we will focus on some of the common biological pathways of these diseases from the point of view of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE). PNIE consists of four medical disciplines (psychology, nervous system, immune system, and endocrine system), which are key drivers behind the health–disease concept that a human being functions as a unit. We examine these drivers and emphasize the need for integrative treatments that addresses the disease from a psychosomatic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Maria Gómez-Lahoz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias (CIBERSAM), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute for Health Research 12 de Octubre Hospital, (Imas 12)/CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Quintero
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Contrasting Health Effects of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes Lies in Their Genomes: Analysis of P450s, Ferredoxins, and Secondary Metabolite Clusters. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095057. [PMID: 35563448 PMCID: PMC9100364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Species belonging to the bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes represent over 90% of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Changes in the ratio of these two bacterial groups were found to have contrasting health effects, including obesity and inflammatory diseases. Despite the availability of many bacterial genomes, comparative genomic studies on the gene pools of these two bacterial groups concerning cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), ferredoxins, and secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (smBGCs) are not reported. This study is aimed to address this research gap. The study revealed the presence of diverse sets of P450s, ferredoxins, and smBGCs in their genomes. Bacteroidetes species have the highest number of P450 families, ferredoxin cluster-types, and smBGCs compared to Firmicutes species. Only four P450 families, three ferredoxin cluster types, and five smBGCs are commonly shared between these two bacterial groups. Considering the above facts, we propose that the contrasting effects of these two bacterial groups on the host are partly due to the distinct nature of secondary metabolites produced by these organisms. Thus, the cause of the contrasting health effects of these two bacterial groups lies in their gene pools.
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Gupta B, Rai R, Oertel M, Raeman R. Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Fatty Liver Disease: Roles of Microbiota, Mucosal Immune System, and Bile Acids. Semin Liver Dis 2022; 42:122-137. [PMID: 35738255 PMCID: PMC9307091 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a spectrum of progressive liver diseases ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Globally, NAFLD is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with chronic liver disease, and NAFLD patients are at a higher risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. While there is a consensus that inflammation plays a key role in promoting NAFLD progression, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Recent clinical and experimental evidence suggest that increased hepatic translocation of gut microbial antigens, secondary to diet-induced impairment of the intestinal barrier may be important in driving hepatic inflammation in NAFLD. Here, we briefly review various endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the intestinal barrier and present recent advances in our understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying intestinal barrier dysfunction in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biki Gupta
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ravi Rai
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Oertel
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Reben Raeman
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Geng J, Ni Q, Sun W, Li L, Feng X. The links between gut microbiota and obesity and obesity related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Population Genomics, Transcriptional Response to Heat Shock, and Gut Microbiota of the Hong Kong Oyster Magallana hongkongensis. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Hong Kong oyster Magallana hongkongensis, previously known as Crassostrea hongkongensis, is a true oyster species native to the estuarine-coast of the Pearl River Delta in southern China. The species—with scientific, ecological, cultural, and nutritional importance—has been farmed for hundreds of years. However, there is only limited information on its genetics, stress adaptation mechanisms, and gut microbiota, restricting the sustainable production and use of oyster resources. Here, we present population structure analysis on M. hongkongensis oysters collected from Deep Bay and Lantau Island in Hong Kong, as well as transcriptome analysis on heat shock responses and the gut microbiota profile of M. hongkongensis oysters collected from Deep Bay. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including those on the homeobox genes and heat shock protein genes, were revealed by the whole genome resequencing. Transcriptomes of oysters incubated at 25 °C and 32 °C for 24 h were sequenced which revealed the heat-induced regulation of heat shock protein pathway genes. Furthermore, the gut microbe community was detected by 16S rRNA sequencing which identified Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes as the most abundant phyla. This study reveals the molecular basis for the adaptation of the oyster M. hongkongensis to environmental conditions.
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Balaguer-Trias J, Deepika D, Schuhmacher M, Kumar V. Impact of Contaminants on Microbiota: Linking the Gut-Brain Axis with Neurotoxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031368. [PMID: 35162390 PMCID: PMC8835190 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, research has focused on microbiota to establish a missing link between neuronal health and intestine imbalance. Many studies have considered microbiota as critical regulators of the gut–brain axis. The crosstalk between microbiota and the central nervous system is mainly explained through three different pathways: the neural, endocrine, and immune pathways, intricately interconnected with each other. In day-to-day life, human beings are exposed to a wide variety of contaminants that affect our intestinal microbiota and alter the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, causing neuronal disorders. The interplay between xenobiotics, microbiota and neurotoxicity is still not fully explored, especially for susceptible populations such as pregnant women, neonates, and developing children. Precisely, early exposure to contaminants can trigger neurodevelopmental toxicity and long-term diseases. There is growing but limited research on the specific mechanisms of the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA), making it challenging to understand the effect of environmental pollutants. In this review, we discuss the biological interplay between microbiota–gut–brain and analyse the role of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Bisphenol A (BPA), Chlorpyrifos (CPF), Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in MGBA perturbations and subsequent neurotoxicity. The complexity of the MGBA and the changing nature of the gut microbiota pose significant challenges for future research. However, emerging in-silico models able to analyse and interpret meta-omics data are a promising option for understanding the processes in this axis and can help prevent neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordina Balaguer-Trias
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (J.B.-T.); (D.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Deepika Deepika
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (J.B.-T.); (D.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (J.B.-T.); (D.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (J.B.-T.); (D.D.); (M.S.)
- IISPV (Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research), Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34977558576
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42
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Lee AH, Manly A, Dong TS. Leveraging the Microbiome for Obesity: Moving From Form to Function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:918923. [PMID: 35873002 PMCID: PMC9300920 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.918923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of obesity, an ongoing global epidemic, is challenging, as weight-loss efforts require a multidisciplinary approach addressing both behavioral and biologic needs that are not completely understood. Recent studies of the gut microbiome may provide better insight into the condition, and ultimately serve to advance more effective therapies. Research in this field has shifted from analyzing microbiome compositional differences to investigating functional changes that affect disease pathophysiology and outcome. Bacteria-derived metabolites are a way to bridge compositional changes to functional consequences. Through the production of metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids, tryptophan derivatives and bile acids, and interactions with peripheral and central signaling pathways, the gut microbiome may alter the body's metabolic and behavioral responses to food. Here, we summarize these mechanisms driven by gut-derived metabolites, through which the microbiome is thought to contribute to obesity, as well as review recent investigations of interventions related to these metabolites. Limitations of existing research, primarily due to paucity of causal studies in humans, are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H. Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Anna H. Lee,
| | - Amanda Manly
- Department of Medicine, Garden City Hospital, Garden City, MI, United States
| | - Tien S. Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Vatche & Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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43
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Shankar J. Food Habit Associated Mycobiota Composition and Their Impact on Human Health. Front Nutr 2021; 8:773577. [PMID: 34881282 PMCID: PMC8645600 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.773577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobiota is not only associated with healthy homeostasis in the human gut but also helps to adapt to the environment. Food habits, alcohol consumption, intake of probiotics, and contaminated food with a mycotoxin, often lead to the alteration in the mycobiota composition. Impaired immunity of the host may affect fungal symbiosis leading to mycosis. The human gut adapts to the commensalism fungi belonging to the phylum Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Diet habits such as plant-or animal-based, phytoestrogens enriched plant products, fat-rich diets also influence the colonization of certain fungal species in the mammalian gut. Food habits or mycotoxin-contaminated food or fungal peptides have an impact on bacterial-fungal interaction and human health. The mycobiota population such as Fusarium, Humicola, Aspergillus, and Candida are altered due to alcohol intake in alcoholic liver disease. The role of associated gut mycobiota due to irregular bowel habits or lifestyle change has been observed in inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, it has been observed that Saccharomyces, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Candida, and Malassezia were the common genus in the human mycobiota. Therefore, this study focused on how diet habits and alcohol intake, among others., influence mycobiota composition that may affect the human immune system or overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jata Shankar
- Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, India
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Geraldi MV, Cazarin CBB, Cristianini M, Vasques AC, Geloneze B, Maróstica Júnior MR. Jabuticaba juice improves postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 and antioxidant status in healthy adults: a randomized crossover trial. Br J Nutr 2021; 128:1-29. [PMID: 34776021 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Jabuticaba is a Brazilian berry rich in polyphenols, which may exert beneficial effects on metabolic diseases. This randomized crossover study aimed to determine the effects of jabuticaba juice (250 ml in a portion) on postprandial response. Sixteen healthy subjects (11 women; 5 men; 28.4 ± 3.8 years old; body mass index (BMI) 21.7 ± 2.3 kg m-2) consumed two test products after fasting overnight in a randomized controlled crossover design. Each test product portion had a similar composition of sugar components: 250 mL water with glucose, fructose, colored with artificial non-caloric food colorings (placebo); and 250 mL of jabuticaba juice. Beverages were administered immediately before a carbohydrate meal. Blood samples were collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after each test product to analyze the concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, antioxidant capacity, plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and appetite sensations. Compared to the placebo, the intake of jabuticaba juice resulted in a higher GLP-1 response as the area under the curve (AUC) and peaking at 60 min. Jabuticaba juice also resulted in higher antioxidant capacity. Postprandial glucose, insulin, C-peptide levels, and appetite sensations were not significantly different between tests. In conclusion, 250 mL of jabuticaba juice before a carbohydrate meal was able to improve the antioxidant status and GLP-1 concentrations in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Geraldi
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato., 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Cínthia B B Cazarin
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato., 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cristianini
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato., 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Ana C Vasques
- Laboratory of Investigation on Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, University of Campinas, Rua Carlos Chagas., 420, Campinas, SP, 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Bruno Geloneze
- Laboratory of Investigation on Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, University of Campinas, Rua Carlos Chagas., 420, Campinas, SP, 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Mário R Maróstica Júnior
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato., 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
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IWASAKI Y, OKUMURA M, MATSUMOTO H, ANDO C, KAMEI J. Generation of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species by Interaction of Food Ingredients. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2021. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.70.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke IWASAKI
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University
| | - Mami OKUMURA
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University
| | - Hitomi MATSUMOTO
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University
| | - Chinatsu ANDO
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University
| | - Junzo KAMEI
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University
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Hosomi R, Matsudo A, Sugimoto K, Shimono T, Kanda S, Nishiyama T, Yoshida M, Fukunaga K. Dietary Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Ethyl Esters Influence the Gut Microbiota and Bacterial Metabolites in Rats. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:1469-1480. [PMID: 34497184 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fish oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been reported to affect the diversity and composition of gut microbiota and bacterial metabolites. However, few reports have focused on the effects of EPA and DHA on gut microbiota diversity and bacterial metabolites. This study evaluated the effects of dietary EPA-ethyl ester (EE) and DHA-EE on steroid metabolism, gut microbiota, and bacterial metabolites in Wistar rats. Male rats were fed the experimental diets containing 5% (w/w) soybean oil-EE (SOY diet), EPA-EE (EPA diet), and DHA-EE (DHA diet) for four weeks. The lipid contents in the serum and liver, mRNA expression levels in the liver, and the diversity, composition, and metabolites of the gut microbiota were evaluated. The EPA and DHA diets decreased serum and liver cholesterol contents compared to the SOY diet. In addition, there were no significant changes in gene expression levels related to steroid metabolism in the liver between the EPA and DHA groups. Rats fed the DHA diet had lower microbiota diversity indices, such as Simpson and Shannon indices, than rats fed the SOY and EPA diets. In addition, rats fed EPA and DHA had significant differences in the relative abundance of microbiota at the genus level, such as Phascolarctobacterium, Turicibacter, and [Eubacterium]. Therefore, it was concluded that EPA and DHA have different effects on the diversity and composition of gut microbiota under the experimental conditions employed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Hosomi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kansai University
| | - Anna Matsudo
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kansai University
| | - Koki Sugimoto
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kansai University
| | - Takaki Shimono
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Kansai Medical University
| | - Seiji Kanda
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Kansai Medical University
| | | | | | - Kenji Fukunaga
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kansai University
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47
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Role of Food Antioxidants in Modulating Gut Microbial Communities: Novel Understandings in Intestinal Oxidative Stress Damage and Their Impact on Host Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101563. [PMID: 34679698 PMCID: PMC8533511 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary components have an important role on the structure and function of host gut microbial communities. Even though, various dietary components, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fibers, and vitamins, have been studied in depth for their effect on gut microbiomes, little attention has been paid regarding the impact of several food antioxidants on the gut microbiome. The long-term exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause microbial dysbiosis which leads to numerous intestinal diseases such as microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal injury, colorectal cancers, enteric infections, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Recently, it has been shown that the food derived antioxidant compounds might protect the host from intestinal oxidative stress via modulating the composition of beneficial microbial species in the gut. The present review summarizes the impact of food antioxidants including antioxidant vitamins, dietary polyphenols, carotenoids, and bioactive peptides on the structure as well as function of host gut microbial communities. Several in vitro, animal model, and clinical studies indicates that food antioxidants might modify the host gut microbial communities and their health status. However, still further clarification is needed as to whether changes in certain microbial species caused by food additives may lead to changes in metabolism and immune function.
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48
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Emerging role of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in colorectal cancer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7651-7660. [PMID: 34568962 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Among gut microbiota-derived metabolites, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is receiving increased attention due to its possible role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). In spite of numerous reports implicating TMAO with CRC, there is a lack of empirical mechanistic evidences to concretize the involvement of TMAO in the carcinogenesis of CRC. Possible mechanisms such as inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and protein misfolding by TMAO have been discussed in this review in the light of the latest advancements in the field. This review is an attempt to discuss the probable correlation between TMAO and CRC but this linkage can be concretized only once we get sufficient empirical evidences from the mechanistic studies. We believe, this review will augment the understanding of linking TMAO with CRC and will motivate researchers to move towards mechanistic study for reinforcing the idea of implicating TMAO with CRC causation. KEY POINTS: • TMAO is a gut bacterial metabolite which has been implicated in CRC in recent years. • The valid mechanistic approach of CRC causation by TMAO is unknown. • The article summarizes the possible mechanisms which need to be explored for validation.
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49
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The role of a Mediterranean diet and physical activity in decreasing age-related inflammation through modulation of the gut microbiota composition. Br J Nutr 2021; 128:1299-1314. [PMID: 34423757 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is known to be a predominant factor in the development of many age-related conditions including CVD, type II diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that during the ageing process there is an increase in inflammatory biomarkers, which may be partially brought about by detrimental changes in the gut microbiota. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity (PA) are protective against inflammation and chronic disease, and emerging evidence has shown that these effects may be partially mediated through favourable changes in the gut microbiota. In this review, we have evaluated the published literature on the effect of a MedDiet and PA on the gut microbiota. We also discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and inflammation with a focus on healthy ageing. While inconsistent study designs make forming definitive conclusions challenging, the current evidence suggests that both a MedDiet and PA are capable of modifying the gut microbiota in a way that is beneficial to host health. For example, the increases in the relative abundance of SCFA producing bacteria that are considered to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Modification of the gut microbiota through a MedDiet and PA presents as a potential method to attenuate age-related increases in inflammation, and additional studies utilising older individuals are needed to fill the knowledge gaps existing in current literature.
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50
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Derosa L, Routy B, Desilets A, Daillère R, Terrisse S, Kroemer G, Zitvogel L. Microbiota-Centered Interventions: The Next Breakthrough in Immuno-Oncology? Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2396-2412. [PMID: 34400407 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cancer-immune dialogue subject to immuno-oncological intervention is profoundly influenced by microenvironmental factors. Indeed, the mucosal microbiota-and more specifically, the intestinal ecosystem-influences the tone of anticancer immune responses and the clinical benefit of immunotherapy. Antibiotics blunt the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and fecal microbial transplantation may restore responsiveness of ICI-resistant melanoma. Here, we review the yin and yang of intestinal bacteria at the crossroads between the intestinal barrier, metabolism, and local or systemic immune responses during anticancer therapies. We discuss diagnostic tools to identify gut dysbiosis and the future prospects of microbiota-based therapeutic interventions. SIGNIFICANCE: Given the recent proof of concept of the potential efficacy of fecal microbial transplantation in patients with melanoma primarily resistant to PD-1 blockade, it is timely to discuss how and why antibiotics compromise the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, describe the balance between beneficial and harmful microbial species in play during therapies, and introduce the potential for microbiota-centered interventions for the future of immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Derosa
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Ile-de-France, France.,Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Bertrand Routy
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antoine Desilets
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Safae Terrisse
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Ile-de-France, France.,Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Ile-de-France, France.,EverImmune, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Ile-de-France, France.,Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,EverImmune, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (BIOTHERIS) 1428, Villejuif, France
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