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Jefrei E, Xu M, Moore JB, Thorne JL. Phytosterol and phytostanol-mediated epigenetic changes in cancer and other non-communicable diseases: a systematic review. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:935-943. [PMID: 37955052 PMCID: PMC10876456 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytosterols/phytostanols are bioactive compounds found in vegetable oils, nuts and seeds and added to a range of commercial food products. Consumption of phytosterols/phytostanols reduces levels of circulating LDL-cholesterol, a causative biomarker of CVD, and is linked to a reduced risk of some cancers. Individuals who consume phytosterols/phytostanols in their diet may do so for many years as part of a non-pharmacological route to lower cholesterol or as part of a healthy diet. However, the impact of long term or high intakes of dietary phytosterols/phytostanols has not been on whole-body epigenetic changes before. The aim of this systematic review was to identify all publications that have evaluated changes to epigenetic mechanisms (post-translation modification of histones, DNA methylation and miRNA expression) in response to phytosterols/phytostanols. A systematic search was performed that returned 226 records, of which eleven were eligible for full-text analysis. Multiple phytosterols were found to inhibit expression of histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes and were also predicted to directly bind and impair HDAC activity. Phytosterols were found to inhibit the expression and activity of DNA methyl transferase enzyme 1 and reverse cancer-associated gene silencing. Finally, phytosterols have been shown to regulate over 200 miRNA, although only five of these were reported in multiple publications. Five tissue types (breast, prostate, macrophage, aortic epithelia and lung) were represented across the studies, and although phytosterols/phytostanols alter the molecular mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance in these mammalian cells, studies exploring meiotic or transgenerational inheritance were not found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emtenan Jefrei
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LeedsLS2 9JT, UK
| | - Mengfan Xu
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LeedsLS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - James L. Thorne
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LeedsLS2 9JT, UK
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2
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Zou X, Xu T, Zhao T, Xia J, Zhu F, Hou Y, Lu B, Zhang Y, Yang X. Phytosterol organic acid esters: Characterization, anti-inflammatory properties and a delivery strategy to improve mitochondrial function. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100702. [PMID: 38487178 PMCID: PMC10937313 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytosterol organic acid esters are important food resources and the components of biomembrane structure. Due to the lack of extraction and synthesis techniques, more research has been focused on phytosterols, and the research on phytosterol acid esters have encountered a bottleneck, but phytosterol acid esters confer substantial benefits to human health. In this study, stigmasteryl vanillate (VAN), stigmasteryl protocatechuate (PRO) and stigmasteryl sinapate (SIN) were prepared through the Steglich reaction. The processes are promotable and the products reach up to 95% purity. In addition, their stability was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. HPLC analysis revealed an enhancement in water solubility after esterification with phenolic acid. In an in vitro digestion model, the bioaccessibility of stigmasteryl phenolates was significantly higher than that of stigmasterols (STIs). Regarding the anti-inflammatory properties, VAN, PRO, and SIN exhibit superior effects against TNF-α induced pro-inflammatory responses compared to STI. All stigmasteryl phenolates supplementation increased the ATP production, the basal, and maximal oxygen consumption rate in mitochondrial stress test. Overall, we present a synthesis method for stigmasteryl phenolates. It will contribute to the development and research of phytosterol acid ester analysis, functions and utilization in food. Moreover, the nutrient-stigmasterol hybrids tactic we have constructed is practical and can become a targeted mitochondrial delivery strategy with enhanced anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zou
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ting Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Feifan Zhu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, No. 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuan Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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3
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Wang L, Feng L, Prabahar K, Hernández-Wolters B, Wang Z. The effect of phytosterol supplementation on lipid profile: A critical umbrella review of interventional meta-analyses. Phytother Res 2024; 38:507-519. [PMID: 37905579 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite multiple investigations assessing the impact of phytosterol supplementation on serum lipid levels, there is still a great deal of debate regarding the benefits of this intervention in the management of dyslipidemia. Therefore, we aimed at clarifying this dilemma by conducting the present umbrella review of interventional meta-analyses. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were used to search for pertinent publications on the effect of phytosterol supplementation on the lipid profile in humans up to June 2023. To compute the overall effect size (ES) and confidence intervals (CI), the random-effects model was used. The I2 statistic and Cochrane's Q-test were applied to estimate the heterogeneity among the studies. Seventeen meta-analyses with 23 study arms were included in the umbrella meta-analysis. Data pooled from the 23 eligible arms revealed that phytosterol supplementation reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (ES = -11.47 mg/dL; 95% CI: -12.76, -10.17, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (ES = -13.02 mg/dL; 95% CI: -15.68, -10.37, p < 0.001), and triglyceride (TG) (ES = -3.77 mg/dL; 95% CI: -6.04, -1.51, p = 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that phytosterol administration with dosage ≥2 g/day and duration over 8 weeks and in hypercholesterolemic subjects was more likely to decrease LDL-C, TC, and TG. Phytosterol administration did not significantly modify HDL-C (ES = 0.18 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.13, -0.51, p = 258) levels when compared to controls. The present umbrella meta-analysis confirms that phytosterol administration significantly reduces LDL-C, TC, and TG, with a greater effect with doses of ≥2 g/day and treatment duration >8 weeks, suggesting its possible application as a complementary therapy for cardiovascular risk reduction. Further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of phytosterols in patients with specific health conditions, as well as to ascertain the adverse effects, the maximum tolerable dose, and the maximum recommended duration of phytosterol administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Huaiyin. Jinan, Jinan, China
- The First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jinan Huaiyin People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Benjamin Hernández-Wolters
- School of medicine, University Center for Health Science, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Si Q, Sun W, Liang B, Chen B, Meng J, Xie D, Feng L, Jiang P. Systematic Metabolic Profiling of Mice with Sleep-Deprivation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300413. [PMID: 37880935 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Adequate sleep is essential for the biological maintenance of physical energy. Lack of sleep can affect thinking, lead to emotional anxiety, reduce immunity, and interfere with endocrine and metabolic processes, leading to disease. Previous studies have focused on long-term sleep deprivation and the risk of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. However, systematic metabolomics analyses of blood, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, brown adipose tissue, and fecal granules have not been performed. This study aims to systematically assess the metabolic changes in the target organs caused by sleep deprivation in vivo, to search for differential metabolites and the involved metabolic pathways, to further understand the impact of sleep deprivation on health, and to provide strong evidence for the need for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Si
- Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxue Sun
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Benhui Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjun Meng
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dadi Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
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Cicero AFG, Fogacci F, Giovannini M, Rizzoli E, Grandi E, D’Addato S, Borghi C. The Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Plant Sterols on Total and LDL-Cholesterol in Plasma Is Affected by Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: Insights from the DESCO Randomized Clinical Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4555. [PMID: 37960208 PMCID: PMC10649106 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant sterols are well-known natural lipid-lowering agents. The DESCO (Diet and plant sterols in the control of cholesterolemia) study was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover clinical trial designed to investigate the effect of a once-a-day ready-to-drink dietary supplement containing 2.5 g of phytosterols on the lipid profile, also in relation to the quality of the diet, in a cohort of 50 Italian individuals with polygenic hypercholesterolemia and low global cardiovascular risk. Eligible individuals were enrolled in a run-in period of 2 weeks. Then, participants who qualified for continuation in the study were randomly allocated (1:1) to a 3-week treatment with either phytosterols or placebo. After a 2-week washout period, enrolled individuals were crossed over to receive the alternative treatment. Dietary supplementation with phytosterols was associated with significant improvement in plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC; -11.8 ± 4.0 mg/dL, p = 0.016), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; -7.8 ± 7.7 mg/dL, p = 0.021), and apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B-100, -3.7 ± 4.1 mg/dL, p = 0.048) compared to baseline. The changes in TC and LDL-C were also significant compared to placebo, and greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with greater reductions in LDL-C. Dietary supplementation with phytosterols was well tolerated and adherence to treatment was high. According to the findings of DESCO, the once-a-day ready-to-drink dietary supplement we tested is able to quickly and significantly decrease plasma levels of TC, LDL-C, and Apo B-100, with a greater effect in individuals more adhering to the Mediterranean dietary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.F.G.C.); (M.G.); (E.R.); (E.G.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.F.G.C.); (M.G.); (E.R.); (E.G.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.F.G.C.); (M.G.); (E.R.); (E.G.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Rizzoli
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.F.G.C.); (M.G.); (E.R.); (E.G.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Grandi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.F.G.C.); (M.G.); (E.R.); (E.G.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sergio D’Addato
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.F.G.C.); (M.G.); (E.R.); (E.G.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.F.G.C.); (M.G.); (E.R.); (E.G.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Della Pepa G. Diet Quality, Cardiometabolic Risk and Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:4283. [PMID: 37836567 PMCID: PMC10574270 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The alarming rise in obesity worldwide is a dramatic public health concern [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Della Pepa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Phytochemical Study of Euphorbia turcomanica Boiss. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121200. [PMID: 36557238 PMCID: PMC9781534 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The attraction to the Euphorbia genus, with its remarkable diversity in species, is due to its variety of chemical compositions. Euphorbia turcomanica is one of the species of the spurge family growing wildly in Iran. This research aims to investigate the presence of secondary metabolites, specially terpenoid compounds, in terms of structural determination. Samples of E. tucomanica were finely powdered and macerated with acetone/dichloromethane 2:1. Repeated column chromatography using silica gel, MPLC, and HPLC methods followed by the analysis of data obtained from spectroscopic means was carried out to purify and identify the terpenoid constituents. The chemical structures of nine known terpenoids were determined for the first time from E. turcomanica during this study. Loliolide (1), a monoterpene, and eight steroids and triterpenes, including simiarenol (2), isomultiflorenol (3), cycloart-25-ene-3β,24-diol (4), β-sitosterol (5), cycloart-23-ene-3β,25-diol (6), 3α, 11α-dihydroxyurs-12-ene (7), 3β, 24β, 25-trihydroxycycloartane (8), and 7α-hydroxystigmasterol (9) were isolated and identified. E. tucomanica, with a rich terpenoid profile, can be one of the valuable and economic sources providing compounds for drug development.
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Gil M, Rudy M, Stanisławczyk R, Duma-Kocan P, Żurek J. Gender Differences in Eating Habits of Polish Young Adults Aged 20-26. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15280. [PMID: 36429998 PMCID: PMC9690896 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the nutritional behaviour of young adults depending on gender. A survey was conducted among 467 young adults using the "Questionnaire for the study of nutritional behaviour and opinions on food and nutrition". Questions concerned the frequency of consumption of selected groups of food products. The questionnaire was supplemented by questions regarding the number of portions of fruits and vegetables consumed, putting sugar in drinks, putting salt in dishes and the number of glasses of water drunk. Differences in nutritional behaviours were determined using the χ2 test, at p < 0.05. The dietary choices of women more often than those of men corresponded to the principles of healthy nutrition, related to a greater number of meals consumed during the day, more frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables and the selection of products with lower energy value or preferring healthier methods of culinary processing. Health education programs should prevent the emergence of unfavourable dietary habits such as skipping breakfast or other meals or limiting the consumption of fruits and vegetables and frequently replacing them with high-energy snacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Gil
- Department of Agricultural Processing and Commodity Science, Institute of Food and Nutrition Technology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mariusz Rudy
- Department of Agricultural Processing and Commodity Science, Institute of Food and Nutrition Technology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Renata Stanisławczyk
- Department of Agricultural Processing and Commodity Science, Institute of Food and Nutrition Technology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paulina Duma-Kocan
- Department of Agricultural Processing and Commodity Science, Institute of Food and Nutrition Technology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Jagoda Żurek
- Department of Financial Markets and Public Finance, Institute of Economics and Finance, College of Social Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
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Zujko ME, Waśkiewicz A, Witkowska AM, Cicha-Mikołajczyk A, Zujko K, Drygas W. Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity-A New Indicator of Healthy Diet Quality in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Polish Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153219. [PMID: 35956397 PMCID: PMC9370392 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the relationship between the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), as well as healthy diet quality, in a representative sample (n = 5690) of the whole Polish adult population (WOBASZ II study). Daily food consumption was estimated by the single 24 h dietary recall method. Antioxidant vitamins (C, E, and β-carotene) and minerals (Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu) from the diet and supplements were calculated using 5D Diet software, and dietary total polyphenol intake (DTPI) was determined using the Phenol-Explorer database and our database. Total diet quality was measured by the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI) based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for the prevention of CVD. DTAC was calculated using the data on food consumption and the antioxidant potential of foods measured by the FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential) method. It was shown that higher DTAC was associated with a higher intake of polyphenols, antioxidant vitamins, and minerals. Moreover, a higher quartile of DTAC was associated with a reduced odds ratio for cardiovascular diseases in a Polish population, as well as with a higher HDI. Therefore, dietary recommendations for the prevention and therapy of CVDs should take into account a high DTAC. DTAC, measured by the FRAP method, can be considered an indicator of healthy diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Waśkiewicz
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Witkowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Białystok, Poland
| | - Alicja Cicha-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Zujko
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Drygas
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Łódź, Hallera 1, 90-001 Łódź, Poland
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Tada H, Kojima N, Takamura M, Kawashiri MA. Sitosterolemia. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 110:145-169. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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