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Rezaei OM, Sharifi F, Moodi M, Zarban A, Tahergorabi R, Tahergorabi Z. The Prevalence and Determinants of Vitamin D Status among Older Adults: Data from a Longitudinal Aging Study. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 37033285 PMCID: PMC10080568 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_366_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is identified as a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency (VDD) therefore this investigation was designed to determine the prevalence of VDD and its determinants in a sample of older adults. Methods The data of this study were obtained from the baseline wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study (LAS). Demographic, past medical history, medication history, and smoking behavior were collected using an interview approach. The physical activity and nutritional status of the participants were assessed using a standard questionnaire. Anthropometric indices were measured according to a standard protocol then body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Serum vitamin D and calcium levels were measured by autoanalyzers. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were applied to detect the associated factors with VDD. Results Mean age of the participants was 71.82 (SD = 7.63) years. A total of 1319 people participated in our study, and 51.16% (n = 688) were female. A total of 8.42% (n = 111) of the participants had VDD and 17.06% of them (n = 225) had insufficient vitamin D levels. In the multivariable logistic regression model, the age group of 70-79 years in comparison with the age group of 60-69 years had a 43% less chance of VDD. Furthermore, being overweight (OR = 0.36, P = 0.01) and obese (OR = 0.35, P = 0.02), and taking vitamin D supplements (OR = 0.31, P = 0.04) were significantly associated with VDD. Conclusions Our results showed that 25% of older adults had vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. In addition, some modifiable lifestyle factors were associated with VDD. Given that, old age is considered a risk factor for VDD. Therefore, detection and improvement of VDD may be a preventive measure in at-risk subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolbanin Motamed Rezaei
- Instructor of Environmental Toxicology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Department of Geronoto-Epidemiology, Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Moodi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Asghar Zarban
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reza Tahergorabi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zoya Tahergorabi
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Zoya Tahergorabi, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghafari Street, Birjand, Iran. E-mail:
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Smirnova DV, Rehm CD, Fritz RD, Kutepova IS, Soshina MS, Berezhnaya YA. Vitamin D status of the Russian adult population from 2013 to 2018. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16604. [PMID: 36198864 PMCID: PMC9533264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is widespread globally, however available data for the Russian adult population is fragmented. This cross-sectional study used secondary data for individuals undergoing testing for vitamin D concentrations from 2013 to 2018 by InVitro laboratory. 25(OH)D serum concentration was determined using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The mean, median, and proportion with severe, deficient, insufficient and sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were estimated. Splines examined the effect of latitude on 25(OH)D concentrations. Data were available for 30,040 subjects age ≥ 18 years. 24.2% of the sampled population had sufficient (30-< 150 25(OH)D ng/mL), 34% deficient (10-19.9 ng/mL) and 5.6% severely deficient (< 10 ng/mL) status. Average 25(OH)D concentrations were highest among 30-44 years and lowest amongst older adults; females had modestly higher values. Concentrations were 15% higher in fall/summer vs. winter/spring. A non-linear relationship was observed by latitude; the highest 25(OH)D concentrations were observed near 54°N, decreasing at more southern latitudes for women and more northern latitudes for both sexes. These results are comparable to other Northern European publications and limited Russian samples demonstrating low concentrations. Acknowledging that nationally-representative and randomly sampled data are needed, the present data suggest the burden may be high and identifies some population sub-groups and geographic areas with a higher potential deficiency of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria V Smirnova
- PepsiCo R&D, Leningradsky prospect 72 k4, 125319, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Inga S Kutepova
- PepsiCo R&D, Leningradsky prospect 72 k4, 125319, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria S Soshina
- PepsiCo R&D, Leningradsky prospect 72 k4, 125319, Moscow, Russia
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Yousef S, Manuel D, Colman I, Papadimitropoulos M, Hossain A, Faris M, Wells GA. Vitamin D Status among First-Generation Immigrants from Different Ethnic Groups and Origins: An Observational Study Using the Canadian Health Measures Survey. Nutrients 2021; 13:2702. [PMID: 34444863 PMCID: PMC8400966 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One in five Canadians are first-generation immigrants. Evidence suggests the baseline risk for vitamin D (vitD) deficiency is increased among immigrants who move from equatorial to northern countries. We investigated the prevalence and determinants of vitD deficiency/insufficiency among first-generation immigrants compared with native-born Canadians and identified explanatory covariables. We used a cross-sectional design with data from the national Canadian Health Measures Survey (Cycles 3 and 4) (11,579 participants aged 3-79 years). We assessed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) levels, sociodemographic and environmental factors, immigration status, length of time in Canada, vitD-rich food intake, ethnicity, and place of birth. Immigrants had lower mean S-25(OH)D than non-immigrants (51.23 vs. 62.72 nmol/L, p < 0.001). Those with younger age at the time of immigration (<18 years) had a high risk for low vitD, and S-25(OH)D levels increased with the length of time they had lived in Canada. The highest deficiency levels were in immigrants born in Morocco, India, and Lebanon compared with native-born Canadians. Ethnicity was the factor most strongly associated with S-25(OH)D. Compared with the white ethnic grouping, the Japanese had the highest level of vitD deficiency, followed by Arabs and Southeast Asians. Ethnic variations, dietary intake, and lifestyle factors are the main predictors of/explanatory factors for vitD status among Canadian immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Douglas Manuel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada;
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
| | - Manny Papadimitropoulos
- Eli Lilly Canada Inc., Toronto, ON M5X 1B1, Canada;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - MoezAlIslam Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; or
| | - George A. Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
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Menshawey E, Menshawey R, Nabeh OA. Shedding light on vitamin D: the shared mechanistic and pathophysiological role between hypovitaminosis D and COVID-19 risk factors and complications. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1017-1031. [PMID: 34185200 PMCID: PMC8239482 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) is the culprit of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), which has infected approximately 173 million people and killed more than 3.73 million. At risk groups including diabetic and obese patients are more vulnerable to COVID-19-related complications and poor outcomes. Substantial evidence points to hypovitaminosis D as a risk factor for severe disease, the need for ICU, and mortality. 1,25(OH)D, a key regulator of calcium homeostasis, is believed to have various immune-regulatory roles including; promoting anti-inflammatory cytokines, down regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, dampening entry and replication of SARS-COV-2, and the production of antimicrobial peptides. In addition, there are strong connections which suggest that dysregulated 1,25(OH)D levels play a mechanistic and pathophysiologic role in several disease processes that are shared with COVID-19 including: diabetes, obesity, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cytokine storm, and even hypercoagulable states. With evidence continuing to grow for the case that low vitamin D status is a risk factor for COVID-19 disease and poor outcomes, there is a need now to address the public health efforts set in place to minimize infection, such as lock down orders, which may have inadvertently increased hypovitaminosis D in the general population and those already at risk (elderly, obese, and disabled). Moreover, there is a need to address the implications of this evidence and how we may apply the use of cheaply available supplementation, which has yet to overcome the near global concern of hypovitaminosis D. In our review, we exhaustively scope these shared pathophysiologic connections between COVID-19 and hypovitaminosis D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Menshawey
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr al Ainy, Geziret Elroda, Manial, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Rahma Menshawey
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr al Ainy, Geziret Elroda, Manial, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Omnia Azmy Nabeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cairo University, Kasr al Ainy, Geziret Elroda, Manial, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
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Goyal V, Agrawal M. Effect of supplementation of vitamin D and calcium on patients suffering from chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain: A pre-post study. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:1839-1844. [PMID: 34195113 PMCID: PMC8208216 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1699_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Despite abundant sunshine, India is a country with high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. It has been suggested that vitamin D deficiency could be a potential cause of chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation of vitamin D and calcium on patients suffering with chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain. METHODOLOGY The experimental trial was a pre-post study conducted on 50 hypovitaminosis D patients aged 30-60 years visiting a local orthopedician or physician with complain of chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain. Oral supplementation with vitamin D and calcium was given for 3 months. Before the intervention trial, pain, physical activity, serum vitamin D, serum calcium, body mass index and waist to hip ratio (WHR) of the respondents were assessed, which was statistically compared with post-intervention data of the same parameters. Assessment of pain was carried out using visual analog scale. Physical activity levels were compared pre and post the intervention. Also, fatigue, mood alteration, and sleep were compared. RESULTS Ninety percent of the subjects had vitamin D deficiency. Thirty-six percent of the subjects had severe chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain, whereas 56% had moderate chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain. The mean pain score prior to intervention was 6.22 which significantly decreased to 3.52. Mean vitamin D levels significantly rose from 17.38 ng/ml to 39.40 ng/ml. Serum vitamin D, serum calcium, and physical activity levels increased, whereas pain, weight, BMI, and WHR decreased significantly post-intervention. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with vitamin D and calcium decreases chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrinda Goyal
- Research Scholar, Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mukta Agrawal
- Associate Professor, Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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6
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Neville JJ, Palmieri T, Young AR. Physical Determinants of Vitamin D Photosynthesis: A Review. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10460. [PMID: 33553995 PMCID: PMC7839826 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D synthesis by exposure of skin to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) provides the majority of this hormone that is essential for bone development and maintenance but may be important for many other health outcomes. This process, which is the only well-established benefit of solar UVR exposure, depends on many factors including genetics, age, health, and behavior. However, the most important factor is the quantity and quality of UVR reaching the skin. Vitamin D synthesis specifically requires ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation that is the minority component (<5%) of solar UVR. This waveband is also the most important for the adverse effects of solar exposure. The most obvious of which is sunburn (erythema), but UVB is also the main cause of DNA damage to the skin that is a prerequisite for most skin cancers. UVB at the Earth's surface depends on many physical and temporal factors such as latitude, altitude, season, and weather. Personal, cultural, and behavioral factors are also important. These include skin melanin, clothing, body surface area exposed, holiday habits, and sunscreen use. There is considerable disagreement in the literature about the role of some of these factors, possibly because some studies have been done by researchers with little understanding of photobiology. It can be argued that vitamin D supplementation obviates the need for solar exposure, but many studies have shown little benefit from this approach for a wide range of health outcomes. There is also increasing evidence that such exposure offers health benefits independently of vitamin D: the most important of which is blood-pressure reduction. In any case, public health advice must optimize risk versus benefit for solar exposure. It is fortunate that the individual UVB doses necessary for maintaining optimal vitamin D status are lower than those for sunburn, irrespective of skin melanin. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Neville
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences King's College London London United Kingdom
| | - Tommaso Palmieri
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences King's College London London United Kingdom
| | - Antony R Young
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences King's College London London United Kingdom
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7
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Vitamin D: A magic bullet or a myth? Clin Nutr 2020; 39:2663-2674. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Emini-Sadiku M, Morina-Kuqi N. Concealing Clothing Leading to Severe Vitamin D Deficiency, Osteomalacia and Muscle Weakness. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:2146-2149. [PMID: 31456842 PMCID: PMC6698119 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide in all ages. Prolonged and severe vitamin D deficiency can result in secondary hyperparathyroidism and osteomalacia. Vitamin D deficiency can be caused by various factors included here institutionalisation, malabsorption, inadequate exposure to sunlight etc. Osteomalacia is a disorder of decreased mineralisation of newly formed osteoid at sited of bone turnover, which can be manifested with symptoms such as diffuse body aches and pain. Muscles weakness from vitamin D deficiency causes difficulty in walking, developing proximal myopathy. Nearly 30-50% of all age groups are Vitamin D deficient worldwide. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of 51-years-old woman, with a religious garment, with slowly progressing weakness of the proximal limb muscles, extreme fatigue, chest and lower spine pain, paresthesia, depression, difficulties in walking and waddling gait. On whole-body bone scintigraphy diffuse metabolic changes were present, and in DXA osteoporosis was shown due to severe vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Treatment with high doses of vitamin D and calcium replacement improved clinical manifestation of osteomalacia for few months. Absent of waddling gait with no pain was evident due to the better muscle and bone performance after the treatment. CONCLUSION: Suspicious cases for osteomalacia in population wearing a religious garment and those that are not adequately exposed to the sunlight, laboratory evaluation should include measurement of 25 (OH) vitamin D, PTH, calcium, alkaline phosphatase and performing of DXA in order such cases do not get undiagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merita Emini-Sadiku
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo.,Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Nadije Morina-Kuqi
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
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Kirkpatrick SI, Vanderlee L, Raffoul A, Stapleton J, Csizmadi I, Boucher BA, Massarelli I, Rondeau I, Robson PJ. Self-Report Dietary Assessment Tools Used in Canadian Research: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:276-289. [PMID: 28298272 PMCID: PMC5347105 DOI: 10.3945/an.116.014027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Choosing the most appropriate dietary assessment tool for a study can be a challenge. Through a scoping review, we characterized self-report tools used to assess diet in Canada to identify patterns in tool use and to inform strategies to strengthen nutrition research. The research databases Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were used to identify Canadian studies published from 2009 to 2014 that included a self-report assessment of dietary intake. The search elicited 2358 records that were screened to identify those that reported on self-report dietary intake among nonclinical, non-Aboriginal adult populations. A pool of 189 articles (reflecting 92 studies) was examined in-depth to assess the dietary assessment tools used. Food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and screeners were used in 64% of studies, whereas food records and 24-h recalls were used in 18% and 14% of studies, respectively. Three studies (3%) used a single question to assess diet, and for 3 studies the tool used was not clear. A variety of distinct FFQs and screeners, including those developed and/or adapted for use in Canada and those developed elsewhere, were used. Some tools were reported to have been evaluated previously in terms of validity or reliability, but details of psychometric testing were often lacking. Energy and fat were the most commonly studied, reported by 42% and 39% of studies, respectively. For ∼20% of studies, dietary data were used to assess dietary quality or patterns, whereas close to half assessed ≤5 dietary components. A variety of dietary assessment tools are used in Canadian research. Strategies to improve the application of current evidence on best practices in dietary assessment have the potential to support a stronger and more cohesive literature on diet and health. Such strategies could benefit from national and global collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Lana Vanderlee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Amanda Raffoul
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ilona Csizmadi
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Beatrice A Boucher
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;,Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Paula J Robson
- Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation (C-MORE), Alberta Health Services Cancer Control, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alavi NM, Madani M, Taghizadeh M, Sharif MR. VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION IN FEMALE NURSES: THE EFFECTS ON SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D, AND NON-SPECIFIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s0218957715500086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of weekly single high dose vitamin D supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and non-specific musculoskeletal pain in female nurses. Methods: In this prospective study in Kashan/Iran, from April 1, 2014, through September 30, 2014, the 150 nurses with vitamin D deficiency received the weekly pearls of 50,000 units of vitamin D3 for 10 weeks. The serum level of 25(OH)D was measured before and after supplement therapy. The subjects were also asked to complete the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. All analyses were conducted with SPSS version 16. Results: After 10 weeks of intervention there was [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]ng/mL increase in 25(OH)D. The 82 nurses (54.7%) had 25(OH)D in normal range, while the 68 nurses (45.3%) were still vitamin D deficient. Weight could explain 15.4% increase in 25(OH)D. Before intervention 135 (90%), of nurses reported musculoskeletal pain in at least one region, after intervention this number decreased to 72.7%. There was a statistically significant improvement in musculoskeletal pain in neck, shoulders, upper back, lower back, hips/tights, knees, and ankles/feet after intervention. Conclusions: The weekly single high dose of vitamin D for 10 weeks could resolve vitamin D deficiency in about half of the patients. Patients with non-specific musculoskeletal pain might benefit from vitamin D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Masoudi Alavi
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahla Madani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Disease, Department of Nutrition, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sharif
- The Center of Clinical, Research Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Masoudi Alavi N, Madani M, Sadat Z, Haddad Kashani H, Reza Sharif M. Fatigue and Vitamin D Status in Iranian Female Nurses. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8:196-202. [PMID: 26755458 PMCID: PMC4954906 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n6p196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Given that nurses are among professions with frequent problems of fatigue, and given the nature of their profession that provides little exposure to sunlight and the subsequent deficiency of vitamin D, the present study examined the relation between fatigue and circulating vitamin D levels in female nurses working in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran in 2013. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 200 female nurses working in Shahid Beheshti Hospital. To measure fatigue, fatigue questionnaire containing 9 questions eliciting the subject’s feeling in scales of 1 to 7, getting a possible score of 9 to 63, and Visual Analogue Scale in which nurses specified their fatigue in a band of zero to 10 were used. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which is the most important vitamin D metabolite, also was determined. The data was analyzed by SPSS-16. The Pearson’s correlation of coefficients, t-test, and multiple regression analysis were used in this study. Results: The mean fatigue score of nurses was 38.76±12.66 in questionnaire and 5.73±2.12 in Visual Analog Scale. The 89 per cent of nurses suffered from vitamin D deficiency, 9.5 percent of them had normal level and 1.5 per cent had toxicity level of vitamin D. There was a significant relationship between vitamin D level and fatigue scores (P<0.0001), and visual fatigue scores (P<0.0001). According to multivariate regression analysis, vitamin D level accounted for 13 per cent of the fatigue based on data on questionnaire and 18.6 per cent of fatigue according to Visual Analog Scale. Conclusion: High prevalence of fatigue among nurses could be attributed to vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Masoudi Alavi
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran.
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12
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Munasinghe LL, Willows N, Yuan Y, Veugelers PJ. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin D based on the revised 2010 dietary guidelines are not being met by children in Alberta, Canada. Nutr Res 2015; 35:956-64. [PMID: 26341787 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Canadian children have been shown to be not meeting the revised (2010) dietary recommended intake (DRI) for vitamin D through diet alone. However, no study has evaluated whether diet and supplementation together are supporting Canadian children in meeting the DRIs for vitamin D intake. This study assessed the adequacy of vitamin D intake through diet and supplements among Albertan children and the determinants of meeting dietary guidelines. 2686 grade 5 students aged 10 to 11 years in Alberta, Canada were surveyed. We hypothesized that less than 50% of children would meet the DRI. Vitamin D intake from diet and supplements was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The adequacy of vitamin D intake was estimated using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of 400 IU (International Units) and Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of 600 IU. Random effect multiple logistic regression was used to identify correlates of meeting DRIs. Forty five percent of children met the EAR and 22% met the RDA for vitamin D. When vitamin D intake from diet alone was considered, only 16% and 2% met the EAR and RDA, respectively. Parental education, household income and physical activity were positively correlated with meeting DRIs, and students attending metropolitan area schools were more likely to meet the EAR than students attending rural area schools (OR = 1.28; P = .043). The majority of children did not meet the DRI for vitamin D. Health promotion strategies aiming to improve the vitamin D status of Albertan children are necessary given the importance of vitamin D for children's health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalani L Munasinghe
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Population Health Intervention Research Unit, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G2T4.
| | - Noreen Willows
- Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-378 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G1C9.
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-299 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G1C9.
| | - Paul J Veugelers
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Population Health Intervention Research Unit, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G2T4.
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Modi KD, Ahmed MI, Chandwani R, Kumar KVSH. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency across the spectrum of glucose intolerance. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2015; 14:54. [PMID: 26131437 PMCID: PMC4485879 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-015-0179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is inversely associated with insulin resistance. We studied the prevalence of VDD across the spectrum of glucose intolerance, including normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods We conducted this cross-sectional, observational study by serially including the PD and T2D patients seen between June and December 2014. We excluded patients with major illness, secondary diabetes and use of vitamin D or glucocorticoids. VDD was defined as serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) less than 30 ng/mL. The study population was divided into 3 groups: T2D (Group 1; n = 274), PD (Group 2; n = 62) and NGT controls (Group 3; n = 270) for the analysis and appropriate statistical methods were used. Results The study participants (n = 606, 28 % males) had a mean age of 43.2 ± 13.6 years, BMI of 27.7 ± 5.9 kg/m2, HbA1c of 6.6 ± 2 % and mean 25OHD of 18.8 ± 15.7 ng/mL. VDD was seen in 85 % of the entire study population including 84 % in T2D, 77 % in prediabetes and in 87 % of the controls. The mean 25OHD levels were lower in the control group (16.8 ng/mL) when compared with T2D and prediabetes (19.9 and 22.4 ng/mL) respectively (P = 0.0124). Univariate analysis showed higher odds of VDD in females (P < 0.0001) but no association with diabetes, age, BMI and HbA1c. Conclusion Our data showed that VDD is prevalent in the majority of the population, irrespective of the underlying glucose intolerance. Further studies are required to determine the association between the vitamin D and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Modi
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr Modi's Clinic, Mehdipatnam, Hyderabad, India
| | - Md Ishaq Ahmed
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr Modi's Clinic, Mehdipatnam, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajesh Chandwani
- Department of Personnel & Industrial Relations, IIM, Ahmedabad, India
| | - K V S Hari Kumar
- Department of Endocrinology, Command Hospital, Chandimandir, Haryana India
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14
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Lucas RM, Norval M, Neale RE, Young AR, de Gruijl FR, Takizawa Y, van der Leun JC. The consequences for human health of stratospheric ozone depletion in association with other environmental factors. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:53-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp90033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ozone depletion, climate and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health
- The Australian National University
- Canberra 2601
- Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute
| | - M. Norval
- Biomedical Sciences
- University of Edinburgh Medical School
- Edinburgh EH8 9AG
- UK
| | - R. E. Neale
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
- Brisbane 4029
- Australia
| | - A. R. Young
- King's College London (KCL)
- St John's Institute of Dermatology
- London SE1 9RT
- UK
| | - F. R. de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology
- Leiden University Medical Centre
- NL-2300 RC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Y. Takizawa
- Akita University Graduate School of Medicine
- Akita Prefecture
- Japan
- National Institute for Minamata Diseases
- Kumamoto Prefecture
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15
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McCarthy EK, Kiely M. Vitamin D and muscle strength throughout the life course: a review of epidemiological and intervention studies. J Hum Nutr Diet 2014; 28:636-45. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. K. McCarthy
- Vitamin D Research Group; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - M. Kiely
- Vitamin D Research Group; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
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16
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Madani M, Masoudi Alavi N, Taghizadeh M. Non-Specific Musculoskeletal Pain and Vitamin D Deficiency in Female Nurses in Kashan, Iran. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/10582452.2014.907858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Dynamic changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D during pregnancy and lack of effect on thyroid parameters. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90161. [PMID: 24608866 PMCID: PMC3946450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims To explore vitamin D status and its dynamic changes during pregnancy in women living in Northeast China. The association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone was studied. Because vitamin D deficiency or thyroid dysfunction/autoimmunity during pregnancy may lead to similar adverse events, the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and thyroid parameters was investigated. Methods Serum samples of 50 women (aged 22 to 36 years) were selected retrospectively. The samples were collected at gestational 8 weeks ±3 days, 20 weeks ±3 days and 32 weeks ±3 days for measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and thyroid parameters. Results The median 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were 28.29, 39.23 and 40.03 nmol/L, respectively, from the first to the third trimester. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration during the first trimester was significantly lower than the next two trimesters (p<0.01) and was unchanged between the second and the third trimester. Of these women, 96%, 78% and 76% showed 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤50 nmol/L during each trimester. Season was associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D during each trimester (p<0.05), and a significant association was found between calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D during the first and the second trimesters. Only triiodothyronine was associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the first trimester (p = 0.024), but statistical significance was only a trend (p = 0.063) after excluding abnormal values. No association was observed between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and other thyroid parameters. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy was prevalent in women from Northeast China who did not use supplementation. No significant relationships were observed between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and thyroid parameters during pregnancy.
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Hedlund L, Brembeck P, Olausson H. Determinants of vitamin D status in fair-skinned women of childbearing age at northern latitudes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60864. [PMID: 23593333 PMCID: PMC3621883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Poor vitamin D status during pregnancy has been associated with unfavorable outcomes for mother and child. Thus, adequate vitamin D status in women of childbearing age may be important. The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum concentrations in women of childbearing age living in Sweden, at latitude 57-58° north. METHOD Eighty four non-pregnant, non-lactating, healthy, fair-skinned women aged between 25-40 years were included. All subjects provided blood samples, four day food records and answered questionnaires about sun exposure and lifestyle. Total serum 25(OH)D was analyzed using Roche Cobas® electrochemoluminiescent immunoassay. RESULTS Mean 25(OH)D was 65.8±19.9 nmol/l and 23% of the subjects had concentrations <50 nmol/l. Only 1% had concentrations <25 nmol/l. Determinants of 25(OH)D concentrations were recent sunbed use, recent travel to southern latitude, season, estrogen contraceptive use and use of supplementary vitamin D (R(2) = 0.27). CONCLUSION Every fifth woman had 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nmol/l. About 30% of the variation in vitamin D status was explained by sun exposure, use of vitamin D supplements and use of estrogen contraceptives. Cutaneous vitamin D synthesis seems to be a major contributor to vitamin D status, even at northern latitudes. Thus, recommendations on safe UV-B exposure could be beneficial for vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Hedlund
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Redzic M, Lewis RM, Thomas DT. Relationship between 25-hydoxyvitamin D, muscle strength, and incidence of injury in healthy adults: a systematic review. Nutr Res 2013; 33:251-8. [PMID: 23602241 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review is to answer the following clinical questions in healthy adults: is vitamin D status related to (1) muscle strength? (2) or incidence of injury? A literature search was performed using Pubmed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science to capture relevant articles that have examined these outcomes. Inclusion criteria required studies to address at least one of the 2 questions stated above, enroll healthy human subjects with a mean age of 18 to 65 years of age, and include serum 25-hydoxyvitamin D measures. Study characteristics such as vitamin D status, study design, and study population were documented. Measured assessors and outcomes from all studies were extracted to answer at least one of the two questions. When applicable, data were used to compute effect sizes at a 95% confidence interval for comparisons across studies to answer the 2 questions. The results of these studies indicate a weak to moderate effect of higher 25-hydoxyvitamin D levels on greater muscle strength and reduced incidence of injury. Randomized controlled clinical trials examining these questions are scarce when compared with the popularity of vitamin D testing; therefore, future trials are necessary to advance our understanding and to clarify the effect vitamin D has on extraskeletal outcomes in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Redzic
- Division of Clinical Nutrition (DTT) University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Hypercalcemia in patients with tuberculosis and HIV infections in Northwest Ethiopia. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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