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Ren H, Mao K, Yuan X, Mu Y, Zhao S, Fan X, Zhu L, Ye Z, Lan J. AN698/40746067 suppresses bone marrow adiposity to ameliorate hyperlipidemia-induced osteoporosis through targeted inhibition of ENTR1. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116843. [PMID: 38810405 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia-induced osteoporosis is marked by increased bone marrow adiposity, and treatment with statins for hyperlipidemia often leads to new-onset osteoporosis. Endosome-associated trafficking regulator 1 (ENTR1) has been found to interact with different proteins in pathophysiology, but its exact role in adipogenesis is not yet understood. This research aimed to explore the role of ENTR1 in adipogenesis and to discover a new small molecule that targets ENTR1 for evaluating its effectiveness in treating hyperlipidemia-induced osteoporosis. We found that ENTR1 expression increased during the adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs). ENTR1 gain- and loss-of-function assays significantly enhanced lipid droplets formation. Mechanistically, ENTR1 binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and enhances its expression, thereby elevating adipogenic markers including C/EBPα and LDLR. Therapeutically, AN698/40746067 attenuated adipogenesis by targeting ENTR1 to suppress PPARγ. In vivo, AN698/40746067 reduced bone marrow adiposity and bone loss, as well as prevented lipogenesis-related obesity, inflammation, steatohepatitis, and abnormal serum lipid levels during hyperlipidemia. Together, these findings suggest that ENTR1 facilitates adipogenesis by PPARγ involved in BMSCs' differentiation, and targeted inhibition of ENTR1 by AN698/40746067 may offer a promising therapy for addressing lipogenesis-related challenges and alleviating osteoporosis following hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Ren
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Kai Mao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuqing Mu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shuaiqi Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 261053 China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Jing Lan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China.
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Zaegel N, Brahimaj R, Battaglia-Hsu S, Lamiral Z, Feigerlova E. Systemic Inflammatory Indices and Liver Dysfunction in Turner Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Case-control Study. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae099. [PMID: 38831865 PMCID: PMC11145559 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Liver function abnormalities have been reported in patients with Turner syndrome (TS); however, the pathophysiological mechanisms have not been well elucidated. Low-grade inflammation has been associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Objective We studied systemic inflammatory indices [aspartate transaminase to lymphocyte ratio index (ALRI), aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), gamma-glutamyl transferase to platelet ratio (GPR), neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio and examined their associations with the hepatic abnormalities observed in these subjects. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 79 patients with TS (mean age 32.5 ± 9.2 SD years) who were treated at the University Hospital of Nancy. Using matched-pair analyses based on age and body mass index (BMI), we compared 66 patients with TS (25.6 ± 7.3 years; BMI 25.9 ± 6.3 kg/m2) to 66 healthy control participants (24.7 ± 6.8 years; BMI 26 ± 6.7 kg/m2). Results Liver function abnormalities were present in 57% of the patients with TS. The ALRI, APRI, GPR, and NLR were significantly greater in patients with TS who presented with liver dysfunction than in patients with TS who had normal liver function. According to the matched-pair analyses, the ALRI, APRI, and GPR were greater in patients with TS than in healthy control participants. Logistic regression revealed that a diagnosis of TS was significantly associated with ALRI, APRI, and GPR and liver dysfunction. Conclusion Noninvasive inflammatory indices (ALRI, APRI, and GPR) might be a promising indicators of liver dysfunction in patients with TS. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings and to explore the clinical significance and prognostic value of systemic inflammatory indices in Turner syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Zaegel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire and Medical Faculty, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Rigleta Brahimaj
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire and Medical Faculty, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Shyuefang Battaglia-Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire and Medical Faculty, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Zohra Lamiral
- Center of Clinical Investigation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Eva Feigerlova
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire and Medical Faculty, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1116—DCAC, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
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Greere D, Grigorescu F, Manda D, Voicu G, Lautier C, Nitu I, Poiana C. Relative Contribution of Metabolic Syndrome Components in Relation to Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2529. [PMID: 38731059 PMCID: PMC11084230 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Osteoporosis (OP) affects 30% of postmenopausal women, often complicated by metabolic syndrome (MetS) with a still controversial role. We aimed to characterize MetS and its components in relation to bone mineral density (BMD), body mass index (BMI), and insulin resistance. Methods. Patients (n = 188) underwent DEXA scans, spine X-rays, and metabolic and hormonal investigations, including bone biomarkers, muscular strength, and physical performance tests, while insulin resistance was evaluated by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR). Results. Patients with a normal BMD or osteopenia (n = 68) and with OP (n = 120) displayed 51.5% and 30.8% of MetS, but without differences in insulin resistance. When BMD was studied as a function of the cumulative MetS criteria and centiles of BMI, lower levels of BMD were observed beyond an inflection point of 27.2 kg/m2 for BMI, allowing for further stratification as lean and overweight/obese (OW/OB) subjects. In contrast with lean individuals (n = 74), in OW/OB patients (n = 46), MetS was associated with HbA1c (p < 0.0037, OR 9.6, 95% CI [1.64-55.6]) and insulin resistance (p < 0.0076, OR 6.7, 95% CI [1.49-30.8]) in the context where BMD values were lower than those predicted from BMI in non-OP subjects. In OP patients with fragility fractures (31% of MetS), glycemia also appeared to be the dominant factor for MetS (p < 0.0005, OR 4.1, 95% CI [1.63-10.39]). Conclusions. These data indicate a detrimental effect of insulin resistance in MetS on OP patients, while the prevalence of the syndrome depends on the proportion of obesity. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenic role of MetS and reveal the need to consider different strata of BMI and insulin resistance when studying postmenopausal OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Greere
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Bd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, C. I. Parhon Institute of Endocrinology, 34-38 Aviatorilor Bd., 011863 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Grigorescu
- Institut Convergences Migrations, Collège de France, 1440 Ave des Orchidées, 34980 Saint Clément de Rivière, France;
| | - Dana Manda
- Molecular Cellular and Structural Endocrinology Laboratory, C. I. Parhon Institute of Endocrinology, 34-38 Aviatorilor Bd., 011863 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Gabriela Voicu
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, C. I. Parhon Institute of Endocrinology, 34-38 Aviatorilor Bd., 011863 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Corinne Lautier
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, Institut Agro, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, Université de La Réunion, 15 Ave Charles Flahault, 97400 Montpellier, France;
| | - Ileana Nitu
- Department of Cardiology, C. I. Parhon Institute of Endocrinology, 34-38 Aviatorilor Bd., 011863 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Catalina Poiana
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Bd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, C. I. Parhon Institute of Endocrinology, 34-38 Aviatorilor Bd., 011863 Bucharest, Romania
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Górczyńska-Kosiorz S, Tabor E, Niemiec P, Pluskiewicz W, Gumprecht J. Associations between the VDR Gene rs731236 (TaqI) Polymorphism and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women from the RAC-OST-POL. Biomedicines 2024; 12:917. [PMID: 38672272 PMCID: PMC11048207 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis is not only related to hormonal factors but is also associated with environmental and genetic factors. One of the latter is the polymorphism of vitamin D receptor (VDR). The aim of the reported study was to comprehensively analyze the VDR gene polymorphic variants rs731236 (TaqI), rs1544410 (BsmI) and rs7975232 (ApaI) in the Polish population of postmenopausal women. METHODS The study group consisted of 611 women after menopause (their median age was 65.82 ± 6.29 years). Each of them underwent bone densitometry (DXA) of the non-dominant femoral neck and total hip with a biochemical analysis of vitamin D3 serum concentration and genotyping of the above-mentioned single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); the obtained results were analyzed in the aspect of waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and past medical history. RESULTS The genotype prevalence rates of all SNPs were compatible with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.050). Out of the studied polymorphisms, only rs731236 genotype variants affected DXA, with AG heterozygotes showing the worst bone parameters. Neither patient age nor vitamin D3 concentration, BMI, WC or comorbidities was associated with rs731236 genotype. CONCLUSIONS Out of the polymorphisms studied, only rs731236 genotypes differed among the DXA results, while the AG heterozygotes were characterized by the lowest median bone mineral density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Górczyńska-Kosiorz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (E.T.); (J.G.)
| | - Elżbieta Tabor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (E.T.); (J.G.)
| | - Paweł Niemiec
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków Street 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Pluskiewicz
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Janusz Gumprecht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (E.T.); (J.G.)
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Lim SY, Chan YM, Chin YS, Zalilah MS, Ramachandran V, Arumugam M. Combined Effect of Dietary Acid Load and Cardiometabolic Syndrome on Bone Resorption Marker among Post-Menopausal Women in Malaysia. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:113-129. [PMID: 38694576 PMCID: PMC11057833 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate factors associated with bone resorption status and determine the independent and interactive effects of dietary acid load (DAL) and cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) on bone resorption in post-menopausal women. Methods Overall, 211 community-dwelling post-menopausal women were recruited from the National Council of Senior Citizens Organization, Malaysia. DAL was estimated using the potential renal acid load from the food frequency questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and smoking behaviour was assessed using the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2011. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were determined using the ADVIA Centaur vitamin D assay and serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX1) were used as surrogate markers to assess bone resorption. CMS was determined based on the harmonised criteria. Results Age (β = -0.145, t = -2.002, P < 0.05) was negatively associated while DAL (β = 0.142, t = 2.096, P < 0.05) and sleep quality (β = 0.147, t = 2.162, P < 0.05) were positively associated with CTX1. Height was positively correlated with CTX1 (r = 0.136, P <0.05). Conversely, other variables (CMS traits, CMS, serum 25(OH) vitamin D level, years of menopause, years of education and physical activity) were not significantly associated with CTX1 levels. There was no significant interaction between DAL and CMS on bone resorption. Conclusion Our findings propose that high DAL, but not CMS, is a potential risk factor for bone resorption. The analysis did not demonstrate the combined effects of DAL and CMS on bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Yee Lim
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Mun Chan
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Center of Excellence Nutrition and Non-communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yit Siew Chin
- Research Center of Excellence Nutrition and Non-communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shariff Zalilah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP International, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Manohar Arumugam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Tan MY, Zhu SX, Wang GP, Liu ZX. Impact of metabolic syndrome on bone mineral density in men over 50 and postmenopausal women according to U.S. survey results. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7005. [PMID: 38523143 PMCID: PMC10961310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and bone mineral density (BMD) have shown a controversial link in some studies. This research aims to study their association in males over 50 and postmenopausal females using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Postmenopausal females and males over 50 were included in the study. MetS was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. BMD values were measured at the thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and pelvis as the primary outcome. Weighted multivariate general linear models have been employed to explore the status of BMD in patients with MetS. Additionally, interaction tests and subgroup analyses were conducted. Utilizing the NHANES database from 2003 to 2006 and 2011-2018, we included 1924 participants, with 1029 males and 895 females. In postmenopausal women, after adjusting for covariates, we found a positive correlation between MetS and pelvic (β: 0.030 [95%CI 0.003, 0.06]) and thoracic (β: 0.030 [95%CI 0.01, 0.06]) BMD, though not for lumbar spine BMD (β: 0.020 [95%CI - 0.01, 0.05]). In males over 50 years old, MetS was positively correlated with BMD in both Model 1 (without adjusting for covariates) and Model 2 (considering age and ethnicity). Specifically, Model 2 revealed a positive correlation between MetS and BMD at the pelvis (β: 0.046 [95%CI 0.02, 0.07]), thoracic spine (β: 0.047 [95%CI 0.02, 0.07]), and lumbar spine (β: 0.040 [95%CI 0.02, 0.06]). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the relationship between MetS and BMD remained consistent in all strata, underscoring the stability of the findings. In postmenopausal women, after adjusting for all covariates, a significant positive correlation was observed between MetS and BMD in the pelvis and thoracic spine, whereas this correlation was not significant for lumbar spine BMD. Conversely, in males, positive correlations between MetS and BMD at the lumbar spine, thoracic spine, and pelvis were identified in Model 2, which adjusted for age and ethnicity; however, these correlations disappeared after fully adjusting for all covariates. These findings highlight the potential moderating role of gender in the impact of MetS on BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Yao Tan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Si-Xuan Zhu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gao-Peng Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong-Xing Liu
- Dujiangyan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Ma E, Wo D, Chen J, Yan H, Zhou X, He J, Wu C, Wang Q, Zuo C, Li X, Li L, Meng Q, Zheng L, Peng L, Chen L, Peng J, Ren DN, Zhu W. Inhibition of a novel Dickkopf-1-LDL receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 axis prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:688-703. [PMID: 38152853 PMCID: PMC10906985 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anti-hypertensive agents are one of the most frequently used drugs worldwide. However, no blood pressure-lowering strategy is superior to placebo with respect to survival in diabetic hypertensive patients. Previous findings show that Wnt co-receptors LDL receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP5/6) can directly bind to several G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Because angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is the most important GPCR in regulating hypertension, this study examines the possible mechanistic association between LRP5/6 and their binding protein Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and activation of the AT1R and further hypothesizes that the LRP5/6-GPCR interaction may affect hypertension and potentiate cardiac impairment in the setting of diabetes. METHODS The roles of serum DKK1 and DKK1-LRP5/6 signalling in diabetic injuries were investigated in human and diabetic mice. RESULTS Blood pressure up-regulation positively correlated with serum DKK1 elevations in humans. Notably, LRP5/6 physically and functionally interacted with AT1R. The loss of membrane LRP5/6 caused by injection of a recombinant DKK1 protein or conditional LRP5/6 deletions resulted in AT1R activation and hypertension, as well as β-arrestin1 activation and cardiac impairment, possibly because of multiple GPCR alterations. Importantly, unlike commonly used anti-hypertensive agents, administration of the anti-DKK1 neutralizing antibody effectively prevented diabetic cardiac impairment in mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish a novel DKK1-LRP5/6-GPCR pathway in inducing diabetic injuries and may resolve the long-standing conundrum as to why elevated blood DKK1 has deleterious effects. Thus, monitoring and therapeutic elimination of blood DKK1 may be a promising strategy to attenuate diabetic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Ma
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Wo
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jinxiao Chen
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Hongwei Yan
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia He
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Celiang Wu
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Changjing Zuo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Health Management, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Luying Peng
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Dan-ni Ren
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
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Singh A, Kotzur T, Vivancos-Koopman I, Emukah C, Brady C, Martin C. A component-based analysis of metabolic syndrome's impact on 30-day outcomes after hip fracture: reduced mortality in obese patients. OTA Int 2024; 7:e301. [PMID: 38292467 PMCID: PMC10827291 DOI: 10.1097/oi9.0000000000000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Hip fractures are a common injury associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In the United States, there has been a rapid increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition comprised several common comorbidities, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, that may worsen perioperative outcomes. This article assesses the impact of MetS and its components on outcomes after hip fracture surgery. Methods Patients who underwent nonelective operative treatment for traumatic hip fractures were identified in the 2015-2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. Baseline characteristics between groups were compared, and significant differences were included as covariates. Multivariate regression was performed to assess the impact of characteristics of interest on postoperative outcomes. Patients with MetS, or a single one of its constitutive components-hypertension, diabetes, and obesity-were compared with metabolically healthy cohorts. Results In total 95,338 patients were included. Patients with MetS had increased complications (OR 1.509; P < 0.001), but reduced mortality (OR 0.71; P < 0.001). Obesity alone was also associated with increased complications (OR 1.14; P < 0.001) and reduced mortality (OR 0.736; P < 0.001). Both hypertension and diabetes alone increased complications (P < 0.001) but had no impact on mortality. Patients with MetS did, however, have greater odds of adverse discharge (OR 1.516; P < 0.001), extended hospital stays (OR 1.18; P < 0.001), and reoperation (OR 1.297; P = 0.003), but no significant difference in readmission rate. Conclusion Patients with MetS had increased complications but decreased mortality. Our component-based analysis showed had obesity had a similar effect: increased complications but lower mortality. These results may help surgeons preoperatively counsel patients with hip fracture about their postoperative risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Singh
- Department of Orthopaedics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Travis Kotzur
- Department of Orthopaedics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | | | - Chimobi Emukah
- Department of Orthopaedics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Christina Brady
- Department of Orthopaedics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Case Martin
- Department of Orthopaedics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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9
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Sun R, Duan D, Li R. Transcriptome Sequencing Identifies Abnormal lncRNAs and mRNAs and Reveals Potentially Hub Immune-Related mRNA in Osteoporosis with Vertebral Fracture. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:203-217. [PMID: 38352274 PMCID: PMC10863500 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s441251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have put forward the viewpoint of "bone immunology", which holds that the immune system and immune factors play an important regulatory role in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. This study was intended to identify genetic characteristics of differentially expressed immune-related mRNA and lncRNA in patients combined with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture. Methods The peripheral blood samples were obtained from 3 groups of subjects: healthy control (HC), osteoporosis patients without vertebral fracture (OWF), and osteoporosis patients combined with vertebral fracture (OVF). The data were integrated to obtain differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs). Subsequently, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed. Cytoscape-cytoHubba plug-in was used to identify key DEmRNAs. Furthermore, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA, mRNA-lncRNA co-expression and transcription factors (TFs) networks were constructed. In addition, real-time PCR verification was performed. Results Totally of 3378 lncRNA-mRNA pairs were obtained, and the lncRNA co-expressed mRNA was mainly enriched in immune-related pathways, especially in GO-biological process (GO-BP) analysis. A total of 8 hub immune-related DEmRNAs were obtained, including IL18R1, IL18RAP, SLC11A1, CSF2RA, CCR3, IL1R2, PGLYRP1, and IL1R1. The TFs network showed that 8 hub immune-related DEmRNAs had interacting TFs. The co-expression network showed that 7 hub immune-related DEmRNAs (IL18R1, IL18RAP, SLC11A1, CSF2RA, IL-1R2, PGLYRP1, and IL1R1) had lncRNA-mRNA co-expression relationship. In addition, the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network includes 32 miRNAs, 7 hub immune-related mRNAs (IL18R1, IL18RAP, CSF2RA, CCR3, IL1R2, PGLYRP1, and IL1R1), and 11 lncRNAs. Conclusion Our study provides a novel and in-depth identification of co-expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in patients combined with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture at a molecular level. This may provide new candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of patients with high-risk fractures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Desheng Duan
- Second Department of Orthopaedics, Third People’s Hospital of Anyang City, Anyang City, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renzeng Li
- Second Department of Orthopaedics, Third People’s Hospital of Anyang City, Anyang City, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Li W, Xie S, Zhong S, Lan L. The synergistic effect of diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis on the all-cause mortality: a cohort study of an American population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1308574. [PMID: 38327903 PMCID: PMC10849060 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1308574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis have different effects on prognosis. The two often co-occur, so we aimed to investigate whether DM and osteoporosis have an effect on all-cause death and whether DM and osteoporosis have a synergistic effect. Methods This study analyzed 18,658 subjects from five cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The primary endpoint was all-cause death. The subjects were divided into four groups based on the presence or absence of DM and osteoporosis. Survival curves and Cox regression analysis based on NHANES recommended weights were used to assess the risk of all-cause death between the diseased and non-diseased groups and to calculate additive interactions to assess whether there was a synergistic effect between diabetes and osteoporosis. Results The group with DM and osteoporosis had the lowest survival rate. After full adjustment for confounders, patients with DM alone had a 30% higher risk of all-cause death compared with those without DM and osteoporosis (HR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.09-1.55). Patients with osteoporosis alone had a 67% higher risk of all-cause death (HR: 1.67, 95%CI:1.16-2.43) and patients with combined DM and osteoporosis had a 127% higher risk of all-cause death (HR:2.27, 95%CI: 1.57-3.27). There was an additive interaction between DM and osteoporosis [RERI (95%CI): 1.03(0.55-1.50)] and excess mortality risk of 38% [AP (95% CI) 0.38(0.30-0.46)]. Conclusions There might be a synergistic effect of DM and osteoporosis on all-cause mortality, and patients with both conditions have a higher risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Siyu Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Shengdong Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Liting Lan
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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11
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Lu Z, Mao T, Chen K, Chai L, Dai Y, Liu K. Ginsenoside Rc: A potential intervention agent for metabolic syndrome. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1375-1387. [PMID: 38223453 PMCID: PMC10785250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rc, a dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpenoid saponin primarily derived from Panax ginseng, has garnered significant attention due to its diverse pharmacological properties. This review outlined the sources, putative biosynthetic pathways, extraction, and quantification techniques, as well as the pharmacokinetic properties of ginsenoside Rc. Furthermore, this study explored the pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rc against metabolic syndrome (MetS) across various phenotypes including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and osteoarthritis. It also highlighted the impact of ginsenoside Rc on multiple associated signaling molecules. In conclusion, the anti-MetS effect of ginsenoside Rc is characterized by its influence on multiple organs, multiple targets, and multiple ways. Although clinical investigations regarding the effects of ginsenoside Rc on MetS are limited, its proven safety and tolerability suggest its potential as an effective treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tongyun Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Longxin Chai
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yongguo Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
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12
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Inoue BKN, Paludetto LV, Monteiro NG, Batista FRDS, Kitagawa IL, da Silva RS, Antoniali C, Lisboa Filho PN, Okamoto R. Synergic Action of Systemic Risedronate and Local Rutherpy in Peri-implantar Repair of Ovariectomized Rats: Biomechanical and Molecular Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16153. [PMID: 38003342 PMCID: PMC10671386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis and poor dietary habits can lead to overweightness and obesity. Bisphosphonates are the first-line treatment for osteoporosis. However, some studies show that they may increase the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Considering the antimicrobial, angiogenic and vasodilatory potential of nitric oxide, this study aims to evaluate the local activity of this substance during the placement of surface-treated implants. Seventy-two Wistar rats were divided into three groups: SHAM (SHAM surgery), OVX + HD (ovariectomy + cafeteria diet), and OVX + HD + RIS (ovariectomy + cafeteria diet + sodium risedronate treatment), which were further subdivided according to the surface treatment of the future implant: CONV (conventional), TE10, or TE100 (TERPY at 10 or 100 μM concentration); n = 8 per subgroup. The animals underwent surgery for implant installation in the proximal tibia metaphysis and were euthanized after 28 days. Data obtained from removal torque and RT-PCR (OPG, RANKL, ALP, IBSP and VEGF expression) were subjected to statistical analysis at 5% significance level. For biomechanical analysis, TE10 produced better results in the OVX + HD group (7.4 N/cm, SD = 0.6819). Molecular analysis showed: (1) significant increase in OPG gene expression in OVX groups with TE10; (2) decreased RANKL expression in OVX + HD + RIS compared to OVX + HD; (3) significantly increased expressions of IBSP and VEGF for OVX + HD + RIS TE10. At its lowest concentration, TERPY has the potential to improve peri-implant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Kaori Namba Inoue
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Aracatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (B.K.N.I.); (L.V.P.); (N.G.M.); (F.R.d.S.B.); (C.A.)
| | - Laura Vidoto Paludetto
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Aracatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (B.K.N.I.); (L.V.P.); (N.G.M.); (F.R.d.S.B.); (C.A.)
| | - Naara Gabriela Monteiro
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Aracatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (B.K.N.I.); (L.V.P.); (N.G.M.); (F.R.d.S.B.); (C.A.)
| | - Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Aracatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (B.K.N.I.); (L.V.P.); (N.G.M.); (F.R.d.S.B.); (C.A.)
| | - Igor Lebedenco Kitagawa
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo (IFSP), Birigui 16201-407, SP, Brazil;
| | - Roberto Santana da Silva
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-403, SP, Brazil;
| | - Cristina Antoniali
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Aracatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (B.K.N.I.); (L.V.P.); (N.G.M.); (F.R.d.S.B.); (C.A.)
| | - Paulo Noronha Lisboa Filho
- Department of Physics and Meteorology, Bauru Sciences School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil;
| | - Roberta Okamoto
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Aracatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (B.K.N.I.); (L.V.P.); (N.G.M.); (F.R.d.S.B.); (C.A.)
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13
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Barańska A, Drop B, Religioni U, Dolar-Szczasny J, Malm M, Wdowiak K, Bogdan M, Kłak A, Merks P, Rejdak R. Assessment of Awareness and Knowledge about Osteoporosis in Relation to Health Prevention among Patients Treated in Osteoporosis Clinics. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6157. [PMID: 37834801 PMCID: PMC10573914 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of osteoporosis indicates that the disease is a serious public health problem, with about 200 million people being affected worldwide. The aims of this research are to assess the awareness and knowledge about osteoporosis in relation to risk factors, health condition, supplementation used, socio-demographic factors and other variables among osteoporosis patients. The study was conducted in 2016-2018 in osteoporosis clinics in Poland. The study involved 312 patients with a diagnosis of osteoporosis. In the diagnostic survey method, the authors' own questionnaire was used. The results indicate that the more frequent the symptoms associated with the disease, the lower the general self-assessment of the health condition of the respondents (rho = -0.682, p < 0.001). In addition, almost half of the respondents stated that their knowledge of osteoporosis is negligible. Moreover, the use of dietary supplements significantly differentiated respondents in terms of health self-assessed (p < 0.001), and it is noteworthy that users of dietary supplements assessed their health significantly better. We also saw a statistically significant relationship between the self-assessment of knowledge about osteoporosis and the use of dietary supplements (p < 0.001). Accordingly, significantly more respondents rating their knowledge as good or very good used dietary supplements. The conducted study demonstrates the need to educate patients and implement educational programs at central and provincial levels to improve patient knowledge concerning the disease. Supporting adaptation to chronic diseases and appropriate therapeutic management may contribute to improved osteoporosis treatment and enhanced patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Barańska
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with e-Health Lab, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Bartłomiej Drop
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with e-Health Lab, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Urszula Religioni
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education of Warsaw, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Dolar-Szczasny
- Department of General and Pediatric Ophtalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (J.D.-S.); (R.R.)
| | - Maria Malm
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with e-Health Lab, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Krystian Wdowiak
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Bogdan
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Warsaw Medical University, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Kłak
- Department of Environmental Hazards Prevention, Allergology and Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Merks
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Robert Rejdak
- Department of General and Pediatric Ophtalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (J.D.-S.); (R.R.)
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14
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Bahtiyarca ZT, Serçe A. Effects of metabolic syndrome on bone mineral density in postmenopausal Turkish women. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:99-108. [PMID: 38357185 PMCID: PMC10862646 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i3.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we aimed to determine the potential effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components on bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in postmenopausal Turkish women. Patients and methods 193 postmenopausal women were included in this study. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical blood tests, and T-scores of BMD in the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck were recorded. The participants were divided into two groups according to the bone mineral density (BMD) results as osteoporosis group (Group 1, n=109) who had a T-score>-2.5 at the spine or/and femoral neck, and the control group (Group 2, n=84) who had T-score>-2.5 at the spine or/and femoral neck. MetS and its components were screened using the criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). The effects of the MetS components on T-scores of BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were evaluated by partial correlation test and multiple regression analysis. Results MetS was detected in 58 (30.1%) participants. The prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (39.3% vs 22.9%, p=0,014). Among the MetS components, especially abdominal obesity showed a significant positive correlation with T-scores of BMD at the femoral neck and spine. A weak but significant correlation was also observed with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride levels, and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Multiple regression analysis revealed an association between waist circumference and BMD at both femoral neck and spine, and also between serum triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and spine BMD. Conclusion Our findings support that MetS is associated with increased BMD at the femoral neck and spine in postmenopausal women. A significant positive association was observed among the MetS components, especially with abdominal obesity, and also a weak positive association with serum triglycerides, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep T Bahtiyarca
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Science, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Azize Serçe
- Department of Algology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Greere D, Grigorescu F, Manda D, Lautier C, Poianã C. INSULIN RESISTANCE AND PATHOGENESIS OF POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2023; 19:349-363. [PMID: 38356971 PMCID: PMC10863952 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2023.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a disease predisposing postmenopausal women to fractures, and often accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Previous studies provided contradictory results concerning prevalence of MetS in postmenopausal OP. To better understand the pathogenesis of IR, we reviewed cellular and molecular aspects and systematically reviewed studies providing homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. Bone is an active endocrine organ maintaining its integrity by orchestrated balance between bone formation and resorption. Both osteoblasts and osteoclasts contain receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) operating in skeletal development and in the adult life. Defects in this system generate systemic IR and bone-specific IR, which in turn regulates glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism through osteocalcin. Examination of genetic syndromes of extreme IR revealed intriguing features namely high bone mineral density (BMD) or accelerated growth. Studies of moderate forms of IR in postmenopausal women reveal positive correlations between HOMA index and BMD while correlations with osteocalcin were rather negative. The relation with obesity remains complex involving regulatory factors such as leptin and adiponectin to which the contribution of potential genetic factors and in particular, the correlation with the degree of obesity or body composition should be added.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.I.I. Greere
- “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology - Clinical Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy - Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - F. Grigorescu
- Institut Convergences Migrations - Molecular - Endocrinology, Montpellier, France
| | - D. Manda
- “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology - Molecular Cellular and Structural Endocrinology Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C. Lautier
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C. Poianã
- “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology - Clinical Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy - Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
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Van Hoang D, Inoue Y, Fukunaga A, Nakagawa T, Honda T, Yamamoto S, Okazaki H, Yamamoto M, Miyamoto T, Gommori N, Kochi T, Shirasaka T, Eguchi M, Ogasawara T, Yamamoto K, Konishi M, Katayama N, Kabe I, Dohi S, Mizoue T. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of severe cancer events: a longitudinal study in Japanese workers. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:555. [PMID: 37328825 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with cancer risk; however, little is known regarding its relationship with the risk of cancer-related premature death and long-term sick leave (LTSL), which can lead to a substantial loss in working years. The present study aimed to quantify the all-site and site-specific associations between MetS and the risk of severe cancer events (a composite outcome of LTSL and mortality due to cancer) in a large working population in Japan. METHODS We recruited 70,875 workers (59,950 men and 10,925 women), aged 20-59 years, who attended health check-ups in 2011 (10 companies) and 2014 (2 companies). All workers underwent follow up for severe cancer events until March 31, 2020. MetS was defined in accordance with the Joint Interim Statement. Cox regression models were used to quantify the association between baseline MetS and severe cancer events. RESULTS During 427,379 person-years of follow-up, 523 participants experienced the outcome consisting of 493 LTSLs of which 124 eventually resulted in death, and 30 deaths without taking LTSL. The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) for composite severe events due to all-site, obesity-related, and non-obesity-related cancer among those with vs. without MetS were 1.26 (1.03, 1.55), 1.37 (1.04, 1.82), and 1.15 (0.84, 1.56), respectively. In cancer site-specific analyses, MetS was associated with an increased risk of severe events due to pancreatic cancer (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 0.99-4.26). When mortality was treated solely as the endpoint, the association was significant for all-site (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.10-2.26), and obesity-related (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.00-2.54) cancer. Additionally, a greater number of MetS components was associated with a greater risk of both severe cancer events and cancer-related mortality (P trend < 0.05). CONCLUSION Among Japanese workers, MetS was associated with an increased risk of severe cancer events, especially those due to obesity-linked cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Van Hoang
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan
| | - Ami Fukunaga
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi, Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toru Honda
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi, Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Naoki Gommori
- East Japan Works (Keihin), JFE Steel Corporation, Keihin, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenya Yamamoto
- Division of Chemical Information, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kiyose, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Maki Konishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan
| | - Nobumi Katayama
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan
| | | | | | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan
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17
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Rednah D, Brinji OS, Aldakhil M, Alshareef E, Alshehri M. Surgical Challenge in the Management of Spontaneous, Bilateral, Nontraumatic, Neglected Femoral Neck Fractures in a Patient With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e38633. [PMID: 37284392 PMCID: PMC10241221 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal osteodystrophy is a spectrum of diseases that affect several organ systems including the musculoskeletal system by decreasing bone density which increases the risk of fractures. Fractures around the femoral neck are usually traumatic and unilateral and, rarely, bilateral and atraumatic. In this report, we present the case of a 37-year-old female patient with a known history of chronic kidney disease who sustained an atraumatic bilateral neck of femur fracture with late presentation. In addition, we present a review of neglected femoral neck fracture management in a young patient with renal disease and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omer S Brinji
- Orthopaedic Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Elaf Alshareef
- Intensive Care Unit, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Mohammed Alshehri
- Orthopaedic Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU
- Orthopaedic Surgery, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
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18
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Liu W, Chen W, Hu M, Wang G, Hu Y, He Q, Xu Y, Tan J, Wang H, Huo L. Bioinformatics analysis combined with molecular dynamics simulation validation to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Jianshen Decoction for treatment of osteoporotic fracture. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33610. [PMID: 37083798 PMCID: PMC10118375 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture (OPF) is a prevalent skeletal disease in the middle-aged and elderly. In clinical practice, Jianshen Decoction (JSD) has been used to treat OPFs. However, the specific effective components and mechanisms of JSD on OPF have not been explored. Therefore, this study used bioinformatics analysis combined with molecular dynamics simulation validation to explore the molecular mechanism of JSD treatment of OPF. Public databases (TCMSP, Batman TCM) were used to find the effective active components and corresponding target proteins of JSD (screening conditions: OB ≥ 30%, drug-likeness ≥ 0.18, half-life ≥ 4). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to OPF lesions were obtained based on the gene expression omnibus database (screening conditions: adjust P value < .01, | log2 FC | ≥ 1.0). The BisoGenet plug-in and the CytoNCA plug-in of Cytoscape were used to derive the potential core target proteins of JSD in the treatment of OPF. The JSD active ingredient target interaction network and the JSD-OPF target protein core network were constructed using the Cytoscape software. In addition, the R language Bioconductor package and clusterProfiler package were used to perform gene ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encylopedia Of Genes And Genome (KEGG) enrichment analysis on core genes to explain the biological functions and signal pathways of core proteins. Finally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were carried out through PyMOL, AutoDockTools 1.5.6, Vina, LeDock, Discovery Studio (DS) 2019, and other software to verify the binding ability of drug active ingredients and core target proteins. A total of 245 targets and 70 active components were identified. Through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, 39 core targets were selected for further research. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DNA-binding transcription factor binding, RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding, MAPK signaling pathway, and ErbB signaling pathway were mainly involved. The results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations supported the good interaction between MYC protein and Quercetin/Stigmasterol. In this study, bioinformatics, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations were used for the first time to clarify the active components, molecular targets, and key biological pathways of JSD in the treatment of OPF, providing a theoretical basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinian Liu
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijian Chen
- The Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Hu
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangwei Wang
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanhao Hu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi He
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yidong Xu
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital’s Nanhai Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liwei Huo
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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19
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Chang GRL, Cheng WY, Fan HC, Chen HL, Lan YW, Chen MS, Yen CC, Chen CM. Kefir peptides attenuate atherosclerotic vascular calcification and osteoporosis in atherogenic diet-fed ApoE−/− knockout mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1158812. [PMID: 37091976 PMCID: PMC10117689 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1158812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Vascular calcification (VC) and osteoporosis were previously considered two distinct diseases. However, current understanding indicates that they share common pathogenetic mechanisms. The available medicines for treating VC and osteoporosis are limited. We previously demonstrated that kefir peptides (KPs) alleviated atherosclerosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice. The present study further addressed the preventive effects of KPs on VC and osteoporosis in ApoE−/− mice fed a high-cholesterol atherogenic diet (AD).Main methods: Seven-week-old ApoE−/− and wild-type C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6). The development of VC and osteoporosis was evaluated after AD feeding for 13 weeks in KP-treated ApoE−/− mice and compared to C57BL/6 and ApoE−/− mice fed a standard chow diet (CD).Key findings: The results indicated that KP-treated ApoE−/− mice exhibited lower serum total cholesterol, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) activities, which suggested that KPs prevented hyperlipidemia and possible damages to the liver and muscle in ApoE−/− mice. KPs reduced serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the local expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and macrophage-specific CD68 markers in aortic tissues, which suggested that KPs inhibited inflammatory responses in AD-fed ApoE−/− mice. KPs reduced the deposition of lipid, collagen, and calcium minerals in the aortic roots of AD-fed ApoE−/− mice, which suggested that KPs inhibited the calcific progression of atherosclerotic plaques. KPs exerted osteoprotective effects in AD-fed ApoE−/− mice, which was evidenced by lower levels of the bone resorption marker CTX-1 and higher levels of the bone formation marker P1NP. KPs improved cortical bone mineral density and bone volume and reduced trabecular bone loss in femurs.Significance: The present data suggested that KPs attenuated VC and osteoporosis by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in AD-fed ApoE−/− mice. Our findings contribute to the application of KPs as preventive medicines for the treatment of hyperlipidemia-induced vascular and bone degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Ro-Lin Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hueng-Chuen Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhwa, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ming-Shan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, and College of Healthcare, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Ching Yen, ; Chuan-Mu Chen,
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Ching Yen, ; Chuan-Mu Chen,
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20
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Association between Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and the Burden of Hospitalized Postmenopausal Patients Concomitant with Osteoporosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on the National Readmission Database. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041623. [PMID: 36836159 PMCID: PMC9959570 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present definition of obesity based on body mass index (BMI) is not accurate and effective enough to identify hospitalized patients with a heavier burden, especially for postmenopausal hospitalized patients concomitant with osteoporosis. The link between common concomitant disorders of major chronic diseases such as osteoporosis, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MS) remains unclear. Here, we aim to evaluate the impact of different metabolic obesity phenotypes on the burden of postmenopausal hospitalized patients concomitant with osteoporosis in view of unplanned readmissions. METHODS Data was acquired from the National Readmission Database 2018. The study population was classified into metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) patients. We estimated the associations between metabolic obesity phenotypes and 30- and 90-day unplanned readmissions. A multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards (PH) model was used to assess the effect of factors on endpoints, with results expressed as HR and 95% CI. RESULTS The 30-day and 90-day readmission rates for the MUNO and MUO phenotypes were higher than that of the MHNO group (all p < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between the MHNO and MHO groups. For 30-day readmissions, MUNO raised the risk mildly (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.110, p < 0.001), MHO had a higher risk (HR = 1.145, p = 0.002), and MUO further elevated this risk (HR = 1.238, p < 0.001). As for 90-day readmissions, both MUNO and MHO raised the risk slightly (HR = 1.134, p < 0.001; HR = 1.093, p = 0.014, respectively), and MUO had the highest risk (HR = 1.263, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Metabolic abnormalities were associated with elevated rates and risks of 30- or 90-day readmission among postmenopausal hospitalized women complicated with osteoporosis, whereas obesity did not seem to be innocent, and the combination of these factors led to an additional burden on healthcare systems and individuals. These findings indicate that clinicians and researchers should focus not only on weight management but also metabolism intervention among patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Papageorgiou M, Biver E, Mareschal J, Phillips NE, Hemmer A, Biolley E, Schwab N, Manoogian ENC, Gonzalez Rodriguez E, Aeberli D, Hans D, Pot C, Panda S, Rodondi N, Ferrari SL, Collet TH. The effects of time-restricted eating and weight loss on bone metabolism and health: a 6-month randomized controlled trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31 Suppl 1:85-95. [PMID: 36239695 PMCID: PMC10092311 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the impact of time-restricted eating (TRE) versus standard dietary advice (SDA) on bone health. METHODS Adults with ≥1 component of metabolic syndrome were randomized to TRE (ad libitum eating within 12 hours) or SDA (food pyramid brochure). Bone turnover markers and bone mineral content/density by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed in the total population and by weight loss response. RESULTS In the total population (n = 42, 76% women, median age 47 years [IQR: 31-52]), there were no between-group differences (TRE vs. SDA) in any bone parameter. Among weight loss responders (≥0.6 kg weight loss), the bone resorption marker β-carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen tended to decrease after TRE but increase after SDA (between-group differences p = 0.041), whereas changes in the bone formation marker procollagen type I N-propeptide did not differ between groups. Total body bone mineral content decreased after SDA (p = 0.028) but remained unchanged after TRE (p = 0.31) in weight loss responders (between-group differences p = 0.028). Among nonresponders (<0.6 kg weight loss), there were no between-group differences in bone outcomes. CONCLUSIONS TRE had no detrimental impact on bone health, whereas, when weight loss occurred, it was associated with some bone-sparing effects compared with SDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papageorgiou
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Biver
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julie Mareschal
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas Edward Phillips
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Hemmer
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emma Biolley
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Schwab
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bone Diseases, Service of Rheumatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Aeberli
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Didier Hans
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bone Diseases, Service of Rheumatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Pot
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Serge L Ferrari
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tinh-Hai Collet
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Zhou HL, Su GH, Zhang RY, Di DS, Wang Q. Association of volatile organic compounds co-exposure with bone health indicators and potential mediators. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136208. [PMID: 36041527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Limited evidence was found in the associations of volatile organic compound (VOC) exposure with bone health indicators. This study aimed to explore the associations of individual and combined metabolites of VOCs (mVOCs) in urine, a representative of the internal exposure level of VOCs, with bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis (OP) and fracture, and potential mediators. Data of the National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey 2005-2006 and 2013-2014 was used. Multiple linear and logistic regression modeling were performed to analyze the associations of individual mVOC with bone health indicators. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was adopted to select mVOCs that were more relevant to bone health indicators for further weight quantile sum (WQS) analysis used for analyzing the associations between multiple VOC co-exposure and bone health indicators. Mediation analysis was used to identify potential mediators. Seventeen mVOC members with detection rate of >50% in urine of all 3478 participants aged ≥20 years (1829 females) were involved. Levels of most mVOCs were higher in women than men. Eight mVOCs were negatively associated with BMDs, and two and four mVOCs were positively associated with OP and fracture risks, respectively. WQS regression revealed decreased femoral neck BMD (β = -0.010 g/cm2, 95% CI: -0.020, -0.0001) and total spine BMD (β = -0.015 g/cm2, 95% CI: -0.028, -0.002) in response to increasing mVOC mixture levels. And alkaline phosphatase (ALP), body mass index (BMI), fasting insulin (FI) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were mediators in the associations with proportions of mediating effect ranging from 4.6% to 10.2%. Individual and combined VOC (co-)exposure were associated with reduced BMDs in American adults. ALP, BMI, FI and HDL were demonstrated to be mediators in the association of multiple VOC co-exposure with BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Long Zhou
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guan-Hua Su
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ru-Yi Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Di
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Chin KY, Ng BN, Rostam MKI, Muhammad Fadzil NFD, Raman V, Mohamed Yunus F, Syed Hashim SA, Ekeuku SO. A Mini Review on Osteoporosis: From Biology to Pharmacological Management of Bone Loss. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6434. [PMID: 36362662 PMCID: PMC9657533 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis refers to excessive bone loss as reflected by the deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture, which compromises bone strength. It is a complex multifactorial endocrine disease. Its pathogenesis relies on the presence of several endogenous and exogenous risk factors, which skew the physiological bone remodelling to a more catabolic process that results in net bone loss. This review aims to provide an overview of osteoporosis from its biology, epidemiology and clinical aspects (detection and pharmacological management). The review will serve as an updated reference for readers to understand the basics of osteoporosis and take action to prevent and manage this disease.
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Hyunganol II Exerts Antiadipogenic Properties via MAPK-Mediated Suppression of PPAR γ Expression in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4252917. [PMID: 36299776 PMCID: PMC9592193 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4252917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow adiposity has been associated with several metabolic syndromes such as diabetes and osteoporosis. Imbalance in adipogenic and osteoblastogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) was suggested to be the cause of elevated bone marrow adiposity. There are several drugs, of both natural and synthetic origin, to treat bone loss. In this study, as a part of a recent trend to discover natural products with more biocompatibility and fewer side effects to treat bone loss, the effect of hyunganol II (HNG), a coumarin isolated from Corydalis heterocarpa, on hBM-MSC adipogenesis was investigated. Cells treated with HNG showed decreased lipid accumulation indicating a diminished adipocyte phenotype. Treatment with HNG also suppressed the mRNA and protein expressions of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP1c, and three adipogenic marker genes. Further analysis of MAPK signaling pathway exhibited that HNG treatment elevated ERK activation and suppressed the JNK-mediated cFos and cJun phosphorylation, which inhibits PPARγ transcriptional activity. Taken together, HNG treatment was shown to inhibit adipogenesis via suppressed PPARγ expression as a result of altered MAPK signaling. Therefore, it was suggested that HNG might prevent bone marrow adiposity by inhibiting hBM-MSC adipogenesis and can be utilized as a drug or nutraceutical with beneficial effects on bone. Thus, further studies should be conducted to analyze its effect in vivo.
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Rhee SY, Yon DK, Kwon MJ, Kim JH, Kim JH, Bang WJ, Lee JW, Kwon BC, Choi HG, Min C. Association between metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis among adults aged 50 years and older: using the National Health Information Database in South Korea. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:124. [PMID: 36114354 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association between a history of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoporosis with specific characteristics. The results showed that MetS was inversely associated with osteoporosis. In contrast, MetS was positively associated with osteoporosis in both obese men and postmenopausal obese women. PURPOSE Although several previous studies have investigated the association between MetS and osteoporosis, their findings remain controversial. This study aimed to examine the association between a MetS history and osteoporosis using a subset of data from a large, long-term, national database. METHODS This nested case-control study used the National Health Information Database (NHID) of the Korea National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) from 2009 to 2017. Osteoporosis (n = 459,771) and control (n = 459,771) participants were matched in a 1:1 ratio by age, gender, income, and region of residence. MetS was defined based on the modified National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for osteoporosis in patients with MetS and its components were analyzed using logistic regression. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the combination of gender, menopausal status, and obesity status. RESULTS The adjusted OR (95% CI) for osteoporosis in patients with MetS was 0.95 (0.94-0.96). This finding was consistent with the subgroup analyses in normal weight men, premenopausal (pre-MP) women with all obesity statuses, and postmenopausal (post-MP) underweight and normal weight women. In contrast, the opposite was observed for obese men (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01-1.09) and post-MP obese women (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01-1.08). CONCLUSION This study results suggested that MetS was associated with a low occurrence of osteoporosis. In contrast, MetS was associated with a high occurrence of osteoporosis in both obese men and post-MP obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Youl Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Bang
- Department of Urology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Bong-Cheol Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chanyang Min
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Tocotrienol as a Protecting Agent against Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Mini Review of Potential Mechanisms. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185862. [PMID: 36144598 PMCID: PMC9506150 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteogenic dysfunction is the main pathologyical mechanism underlying the development of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Glucocorticoids promote adipogenic differentiation and osteoblast apoptosis through various pathways. Various ongoing studies are exploring the potential of natural products in preventing glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Preclinical studies have consistently shown the bone protective effects of tocotrienol through its antioxidant and anabolic effects. This review aims to summarise the potential mechanisms of tocotrienol in preventing glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis based on existing in vivo and in vitro evidence. The current literature showed that tocotrienol prevents oxidative damage on osteoblasts exposed to high levels of glucocorticoids. Tocotrienol reduces lipid peroxidation and increases oxidative stress enzyme activities. The reduction in oxidative stress protects the osteoblasts and preserves the bone microstructure and biomechanical strength of glucocorticoid-treated animals. In other animal models, tocotrienol has been shown to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and lower the RANKL/OPG ratio, which are the targets of glucocorticoids. In conclusion, tocotrienol enhances osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in glucocorticoid-treated osteoblasts while improving structural integrity in glucocorticoid-treated rats. This is achieved by preventing oxidative stress and osteoblast apoptosis. However, these preclinical results should be validated in a randomised controlled trial.
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27
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Nebot E, Martínez R, Kapravelou G, Sánchez C, Llopis J, Aranda P, Porres JM, López-Jurado M, Pietschmann P. Combination of Caloric Restriction and a Mixed Training Protocol as an Effective Strategy to Counteract the Deleterious Effects in Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Caused by a Diet-Induced Obesity in Sprague Dawley Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183672. [PMID: 36145048 PMCID: PMC9504808 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of obesity with changes in bone mass is not clear. Obese individuals tend to have an increased bone mineral density, but other studies have shown that obesity is a major risk factor for fractures. The mechanisms of bone response during a weight loss therapy as well as the possible osteoprotective effect of exercise should be analyzed. The aim of this study was to test the effects of a weight-loss program based on the combination of caloric restriction and/or a mixed training protocol on different parameters of bone morphology and functionality in a DIO rat model. Three stages were established over a 21-week period (obesity induction 0–12 w, weight loss intervention 12–15 w, weight maintenance intervention 15–21 w) in 88 male Sprague Dawley rats. Bone microarchitecture, total mineral and elemental composition, and bone metabolism parameters were assessed. Weight loss interventions were associated to healthy changes in body composition, decreasing body fat and increasing lean body mass. On the other hand, obesity was related to a higher content of bone resorption and inflammatory markers, which was decreased by the weight control interventions. Caloric restriction led to marked changes in trabecular microarchitecture, with a significant decrease in total volume but no changes in bone volume (BV). In addition, the intervention diet caused an increase in trabeculae number and a decrease in trabecular spacing. The training protocol increased the pore diameter and reversed the changes in cortical porosity and density of BV induced by the high protein diet at diaphysis level. Regarding the weight-maintenance stage, diminished SMI values indicate the presence of more plate-like spongiosa in sedentary and exercise groups. In conclusion, the lifestyle interventions of caloric restriction and mixed training protocol implemented as weight loss strategies have been effective to counteract some of the deleterious effects caused by a dietary induction of obesity, specifically in trabecular bone morphometric parameters as well as bone mineral content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Nebot
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Garyfallia Kapravelou
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Juan Llopis
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - María López-Jurado
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Kim KJ, Kim MS, Hong N, Bae JH, Kim KJ, Kim NH, Rhee Y, Lee J, Kim SG. Cardiovascular risks associated with calcium supplementation in patients with osteoporosis: a nationwide cohort study. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2022; 8:568-577. [PMID: 34244740 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the real effects of calcium supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes within a population-based cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS From a nationwide health screening database in South Korea, a total of 11 297 patients with osteoporosis who had taken calcium supplementation with or without vitamin D for at least 90 days [total calcium group; calcium supplementation only (CaO), n = 567; calcium supplementation in combination with vitamin D (CaD), n = 10 730] were matched at a 1:1 ratio to patients who had not taken calcium supplements (control group) by using propensity scores. The overall mean age was 59.9 ± 8.8 years and the percentage of women was 87.9% in our study population. Over a median follow-up of 54 months, the incidence rate of composite cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) per 1000 person-years was not different between the groups: 9.73 in the total calcium group and 8.97 in the control group [adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99-1.28; P = 0.08]. However, calcium supplementation without vitamin D was associated with an increased risk of composite CVD (HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.17-2.04; P < 0.01), especially non-fatal myocardial infarction (HR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.23-2.91; P < 0.01), compared with no calcium supplementation. CONCLUSION Our population-based study supported that taking calcium supplementation combined with vitamin D did not appear to be harmful to cardiovascular health, but reminded that calcium supplementation without vitamin D should be used carefully even in populations with low dietary calcium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Okagu IU, Ezeorba TPC, Aguchem RN, Ohanenye IC, Aham EC, Okafor SN, Bollati C, Lammi C. A Review on the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products in Preventing Bone Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158468. [PMID: 35955603 PMCID: PMC9368769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The drugs used for treating bone diseases (BDs), at present, elicit hazardous side effects that include certain types of cancers and strokes, hence the ongoing quest for the discovery of alternatives with little or no side effects. Natural products (NPs), mainly of plant origin, have shown compelling promise in the treatments of BDs, with little or no side effects. However, the paucity in knowledge of the mechanisms behind their activities on bone remodeling has remained a hindrance to NPs’ adoption. This review discusses the pathological development of some BDs, the NP-targeted components, and the actions exerted on bone remodeling signaling pathways (e.g., Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κ B-ligand (RANKL)/monocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)/osteoprotegerin (OPG), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)s/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2)-Wnt/β-catenin, PhosphatidylInositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK3β), and other signaling pathways). Although majority of the studies on the osteoprotective properties of NPs against BDs were conducted ex vivo and mostly on animals, the use of NPs for treating human BDs and the prospects for future development remain promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent U. Okagu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
| | - Timothy P. C. Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
| | - Rita N. Aguchem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
| | - Ikenna C. Ohanenye
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Emmanuel C. Aham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
- Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sunday N. Okafor
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria;
| | - Carlotta Bollati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Carmen Lammi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5031-9372
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Beneficial effects of the fructus Sophorae extract on experimentally induced osteoporosis in New Zealand white rabbits. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2022; 72:289-302. [PMID: 36651509 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2022-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sophora japonica is a source of several flavonol, flavone and isoflavone glycosides that are reported to positively affect menopausal symptoms including osteoporotic complications. In the present study fructus Sophorae extract (FSE) was administered orally for three months at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 in ovariectomized (OVX) New Zealand rabbits. 3D computed tomography scans and histopathological images revealed microstructural disturbances in the bones of the castrated animals. FSE recovered most of the affected parameters in bones in a manner similar to zoledronic acid (ZA) used as a positive control. The aglycones of the main active compounds of FSE, daidzin, and genistin, were docked into the alpha and beta estrogen receptors and stable complexes were found. The findings of this study provide an insight into the effects of FSE on bone tissue loss and suggest that it could be further developed as a potential candidate for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporotic complications.
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Modulation of Dyslipidemia Markers Apo B/Apo A and Triglycerides/HDL-Cholesterol Ratios by Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091903. [PMID: 35565871 PMCID: PMC9102123 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) risks cardiovascular diseases due to its associated Dyslipidemia. It is proposed that a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet positively ameliorates the MetS and reverses insulin resistance. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protecting effect of the LCHF diet on MetS-associated Dyslipidemia in an experimental animal model. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (10/group): the control group, dexamethasone-induced MetS (DEX) (250 µg/kg/day), LCHF-fed MetS group (DEX + LCHF), and High-Carbohydrate-Low-Fat-fed MetS group (DEX + HCLF). At the end of the four-week experiment, fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile (LDL-C, HDL-C, Triglyceride), oxidized-LDL, and small dense-LDL using the ELISA technique were estimated. HOMA-IR, Apo B/Apo A1 ratio, and TG/HDL were calculated. Moreover, histological examination of the liver by H & E and Sudan III stain was carried out. In the DEX group, rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the HOMA-IR, atherogenic parameters, such as s-LDL, OX-LDL, Apo B/Apo A1 ratio, and TG/HDL. The LCHF diet significantly improved the parameters of Dyslipidemia (p < 0.05) by decreasing the Apo B/Apo A1 and TG/HDL-C ratios. Decreased steatosis in LCHF-fed rats compared to HCLF was also revealed. In conclusion, the LCHF diet ameliorates MetS-associated Dyslipidemia, as noted from biochemical results and histological examination.
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Improvement of Peri-Implant Repair in Estrogen-Deficient Rats Fed a Cafeteria Diet and Treated with Risedronate Sodium. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040578. [PMID: 35453776 PMCID: PMC9025115 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Postmenopausal osteoporosis, characterized by an imbalance in the remodeling cycle in which bone resorption exceeds bone formation, affects a large part of the population seeking rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants, making the prognosis of these patients unfavorable. It is estimated that approximately 99 million people over the age of 50 were diagnosed with osteoporosis in the United States in 2010. A range of drugs are used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, aiming to prevent skeletal fractures in individuals with this osteometabolic disorder. Bisphosphonates are widely prescribed drugs to increase bone mineral density (BMD) and decrease the risk of skeletal fractures in patients with osteoporosis, with good results in this regard. However, little attention has been paid to the impact that the mechanism of action of this drug generates on the bone repair process, and more scientific evidence is needed to better understand the role of this drug in the peri-implant repair process. Abstract (1) Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis combined with an unhealthy lifestyle can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome, a common condition in individuals requiring oral rehabilitation. Bisphosphonates are used to increase bone mineral density. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the action of this drug on the bone repair process in the jaws. The aim of this study was to evaluate the peri-implant repair of rats with estrogen deficiency and metabolic syndrome treated with risedronate sodium. (2) Methods: Twenty-four female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: SHAM: sham surgery; OVX/SM: ovariectomy combined with a cafeteria diet; OVX/SM/RIS: ovariectomy associated with a cafeteria diet and treatment with sodium risedronate. After 30 days, the animals underwent extraction of the upper first molars. Thirty days after the extraction, an implant was installed in the same region. Sixty days after the implant was installed, the animals were euthanized for biomechanical analysis and confocal microscopic analysis. After confirming the normal distribution of the sample data, a one-way ANOVA test was performed, followed by Tukey’s post-test, with a 5% significance level. (3) Results: Significant bone preservation was observed in the risedronate-treated group. Higher removal torque values were obtained by the risedronate-treated group. (4) Conclusions: Better biomechanical performance of the implants installed in the animals treated with risedronate sodium was observed.
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Niewiadomska J, Gajek-Marecka A, Gajek J, Noszczyk-Nowak A. Biological Potential of Polyphenols in the Context of Metabolic Syndrome: An Analysis of Studies on Animal Models. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040559. [PMID: 35453758 PMCID: PMC9029039 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disease that has a complex etiology. It is defined as the co-occurrence of several pathophysiological disorders, including obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MetS is currently a severe problem in the public health care system. As its prevalence increases every year, it is now considered a global problem among adults and young populations. The treatment of choice comprises lifestyle changes based mainly on diet and physical activity. Therefore, researchers have been attempting to discover new substances that could help reduce or even reverse the symptoms when added to food. These attempts have resulted in numerous studies. Many of them have investigated the bioactive potential of polyphenols as a "possible remedy", stemming from their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and properties normalizing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Polyphenols may be supportive in preventing or delaying the onset of MetS or its complications. Additionally, the consumption of food rich in polyphenols should be considered as a supplement for antidiabetic drugs. To ensure the relevance of the studies on polyphenols' properties, mechanisms of action, and potential human health benefits, researchers have used laboratory animals displaying pathophysiological changes specific to MetS. Polyphenols or their plant extracts were chosen according to the most advantageous mitigation of pathological changes in animal models best reflecting the components of MetS. The present paper comprises an overview of animal models of MetS, and promising polyphenolic compounds whose bioactive potential, effect on metabolic pathways, and supplementation-related benefits were analyzed based on in vivo animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Niewiadomska
- Doctoral School of Wroclaw, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Jacek Gajek
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak
- Department of Internal and Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs, and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Association between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic individuals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2231. [PMID: 35379833 PMCID: PMC8979953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are substantially interrelated with shared cardiovascular risk factors. However, the relationship between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery disease is largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate the association between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores in asymptomatic adults. A total of 5969 asymptomatic adults without cardiovascular disease who underwent a health examination including estimation of CAC scores by cardiac tomography were analyzed. Osteoporosis was defined as low bone mineral density T-score ≤ − 2.5 standard deviation, and sarcopenia as appendicular skeletal muscle mass < 5.7 kg/m2 for women and < 7.0 kg/m2 for men, and osteosarcopenia as the copresence of both osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Participants were divided into four groups according to the presence of osteoporosis and/or sarcopenia as control, sarcopenia alone, osteoporosis alone, and osteosarcopenia. Prevalence of CAC was 22.0% in control, 23.6% in sarcopenia alone, 38.5% in osteoporosis alone, and 48.3% in osteosarcopenia group, with the osteosarcopenia group showing the highest (p < 0.0001). After adjustments for possible confounders, mean of log (CAC score + 1) in osteosarcopenia group was higher than other three groups (Bonferroni p < 0.0001). Using multivariate-adjusted analysis, subjects with osteosarcopenia had the highest risk for having CAC > 0 (odds ratio [OR] 2.868; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.717–4.790). Furthermore, subjects with osteosarcopenia had a significant risk of moderate-to-extensive CAC (CAC score ≥ 100) (OR 2.709; 95% CI 1.128–6.505). We demonstrated that osteosarcopenia was independently associated with a higher prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Our results suggest osteosarcopenia as a predisposing factor for coronary heart disease.
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Tohidi M, Barzegar N, Hasheminia M, Azizi F, Hadaegh F. Association of different lipid measures with incident bone fractures: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Postgrad Med 2022; 134:326-332. [PMID: 35264057 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2050980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to investigate the association between different lipid measures and long-term hospitalization-required incident fracture among Iranian men and women. METHODS A total of 3309 individuals aged ≥50 years (men = 1598) were included in the study. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to assess the risk of incident fracture across quintiles, considering first quintile as reference, as well as for 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in each lipid measures i.e. total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C, respectively), non-HDL-C, and related indices (TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C). Covariates included age, body mass index, current smoking, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, lipid lowering-drugs, and steroid medications (for women). RESULTS During a median follow-up of 18 years, incident fracture was observed in 201 cases (men=87). In both gender no linear association were found between different lipid measures and incident fracture. Among men only the fourth quartile of TG was associated with lower risk of fracture in the age adjusted analysis with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) as [0.45 (0.21-0.95)]. Among women, the age-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for the second, third, fourth and fifth quintiles of non-HDL-C were [0.46 (0.25-0.87)], [0.73 (0.42-1.25)], [0.90 (0.54-1.51)], [0.52 (0.29-0.95)], respectively; the corresponding values in the multivariate model, were [[0.48 (0.26-0.90)], [0.76 (0.4-1.32)], [0.94 (0.56-1.58)], and [0.52 (0.28-0.95)], respectively. The second quintile of LDL-C was also associated with lower risk for incident fracture in the multivariate analysis [0.53 (0.29-0.98)]. CONCLUSIONS Among Iranian women a nonlinear association between non-HDL-C and LDL-C and incident fracture were found as the second and fifth quintile of the former and the second quintile of the latter were associated with about 50% lower risk of fracture .Generally our findings did not support harmful impact of these lipid measures on incident fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tohidi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Barzegar
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Hasheminia
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Negrini TDC, Carlos IZ, Duque C, Caiaffa KS, Arthur RA. Interplay Among the Oral Microbiome, Oral Cavity Conditions, the Host Immune Response, Diabetes Mellitus, and Its Associated-Risk Factors-An Overview. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:697428. [PMID: 35048037 PMCID: PMC8757730 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.697428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review of the literature aimed to investigate the interplay between the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, and host immune response in Diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, this review also aimed to investigate how DM related risk factors, such as advanced age, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), act in promoting or modifying specific mechanisms that could potentially perpetuate both altered systemic and oral conditions. We found that poorly controlled glycemic index may exert a negative effect on the immune system of affected individuals, leading to a deficient immune response or to an exacerbation of the inflammatory response exacerbating DM-related complications. Hyperglycemia induces alterations in the oral microbiome since poor glycemic control is associated with increased levels and frequencies of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm of individuals with DM. A bidirectional relationship between periodontal diseases and DM has been suggested: DM patients may have an exaggerated inflammatory response, poor repair and bone resorption that aggravates periodontal disease whereas the increased levels of systemic pro-inflammatory mediators found in individuals affected with periodontal disease exacerbates insulin resistance. SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent an aggravating factor for individuals with DM. Individuals with DM tend to have low salivary flow and a high prevalence of xerostomia, but the association between prevalence/experience of dental caries and DM is still unclear. DM has also been associated to the development of lesions in the oral mucosa, especially potentially malignant ones and those associated with fungal infections. Obesity plays an important role in the induction and progression of DM. Co-affected obese and DM individuals tend to present worse oral health conditions. A decrease in HDL and, an increase in triglycerides bloodstream levels seem to be associated with an increase on the load of periodontopathogens on oral cavity. Moreover, DM may increase the likelihood of halitosis. Prevalence of impaired taste perception and impaired smell recognition tend to be greater in DM patients. An important interplay among oral cavity microbiome, DM, obesity and hypertension has been proposed as the reduction of nitrate into nitrite, in addition to contribute to lowering of blood pressure, reduces oxidative stress and increases insulin secretion, being these effects desirable for the control of obesity and DM. Women with PCOS tend to present a distinct oral microbial composition and an elevated systemic response to selective members of this microbial community, but the association between oral microbiome, PCOS are DM is still unknown. The results of the studies presented in this review suggest the interplay among the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, host immune response and DM and some of the DM associated risk factors exist. DM individuals need to be encouraged and motivated for an adequate oral health care. In addition, these results show the importance of adopting multidisciplinary management of DM and of strengthening physicians-dentists relationship focusing on both systemic and on oral cavity conditions of DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Cássia Negrini
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Zeppone Carlos
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Duque
- Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Karina Sampaio Caiaffa
- Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alex Arthur
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been reported to extremely vary depending on the gender, age, and ethnicity studied. Approximately, 25% of the worldwide adult population is affected by metabolic syndrome, indicating it as a significantly important public health challenge. Likewise, fragility fracture represents an important public health issue too, and the lifetime residual risk of its occurrence has been established in 50% in women and 30% in men over 50 years of age, respectively. Dysmobility syndrome summarizes a cluster of co-existing conditions such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, obesity. Currently, clinical research focuses essentially on the cardiovascular risks associated with metabolic syndrome. Today, it is conceivable to incorporate all these conditions under a generic "disorder of energy metabolism." EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Animal and human studies suggest metabolic and dysmobility syndromes negatively impact on the risk for fragility fracture, contributing to increase the associated mortality rate. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS In recent years, strong correlation between type 2 diabetes, a frequent constitutive part of metabolic syndrome and fragility fracture risk has been reported, but the possible molecular mechanisms by which it can occur are still to be defined. CONCLUSIONS Only very few human clinical studies faced these aspects, but they lack adequate endpoints for a good clinical practice in these subjects. Much more still needs to be done before appropriate therapeutic diagnostic pathways will be available for these patients at risk of bone and even generalized fragility. Suggestions for a future overall approach by generating global risk score for these conditions are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cosso
- Section of Bone and Mineral Diseases, San Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Verbania, Italy
| | - Alberto Falchetti
- Section of Bone and Mineral Diseases, San Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Verbania, Italy - .,Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes, Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Rivoira M, Rigalli A, Corball L, Tolosa de Talamoni N, Rodriguez V. Naringin Prevents Bone Damage in the Experimental Metabolic Syndrome Induced by a Fructose Rich Diet. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 47:395-404. [PMID: 34890288 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have analyzed the effect of naringin (NAR), a flavonoid from citric fruits, on bone quality and bone biomechanical properties as well as the redox state of bone marrow in rats fed a fructose rich diet (FRD), an experimental model to mimic human metabolic syndrome. NAR blocked the enhancement in the number of osteoclasts and adipocytes and the decrease in the number of osteocytes and osteocalcin (+) cells caused by FRD. The trabecular number was significantly higher in the FRD+NAR group. FRD induced a decrease in femoral trabecular and cortical bone mineral density, which was blocked by NAR. The fracture and ultimate loads were also decreased by the FRD and FRD+NAR groups. NAR increased the number of nodes to terminal trabecula, the number of nodes to node trabecula, the number of nodes, and the number of nodes with two terminals, and decreased the Dist (mean size of branches) value. Bone marrow catalase activity was decreased by the FRD, an effect prevented by NAR. In conclusion, FRD produces detrimental effects on long bones, which are associated with oxidative stress in bone marrow. Most of these changes are avoided by NAR through its antioxidant properties and promotion of bone formation. Novelty bullets: • Fructose rich diet produces detrimental effects on long bones, which are associated with oxidative stress in bone marrow. • Most of these changes are avoided by Naringin through its antioxidant properties and promotion of bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rivoira
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 28217, Cordoba, Córdoba, Argentina;
| | | | - Lucía Corball
- Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, 28217, Cordoba, Córdoba, Argentina;
| | | | - Valeria Rodriguez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 28217, Cordoba, Córdoba, Argentina;
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Correlations between Salivary Immuno-Biochemical Markers and HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Subjects before and after Dental Extraction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111741. [PMID: 34829612 PMCID: PMC8615044 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental extraction can trigger certain sequences of complex processes that involve both hard (alveolar bone) and soft tissue (periodontal ligament, gingiva) remodeling. Type 2 diabetes is a serious risk factor for many oral pathologies, both in terms of progression and severity, but also regarding subsequent rehabilitation possibilities. The aim of this study was to establish whether certain molecules: osteoprotegerin (OPG), kappa B nuclear factor receptor activator ligand (RANKL), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 18 (IL-18), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and oxidative stress markers-total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC)-evaluated in saliva are modified post-extraction in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects and whether there is a correlation with HbA1c levels. The aforementioned markers plus HbA1c were investigated in a group of systemically healthy subjects (n = 45) and in a type 2 diabetes mellitus group (n = 41) before and three months after a tooth extraction. Diabetes patients' recorded increased levels of OPG, RANKL, TNF-α, MMP-9, IL-18 and TOS compared to controls both pre- and post-extraction. In both study groups, the average OPG, HGF and TAC level recorded an upward trend three months post-extraction. TNF-α registered a statistically significant decrease only in the diabetes group after dental extraction, together with a decrement of mean HbA1c levels in the diabetes group. By plotting the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve, at baseline RANKL, TNF-α, IL-18, MMP-9, TOS and OPG were good predictors of HbA1c levels. Post-extraction, there was a significant correlation between HbA1c and oxidative status biomarkers, however the linear regression model indicated the influence of all studied salivary markers in HbA1c determinism, in a considerable proportion. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that several oxidative status markers and proinflammatory biomarkers are modified in the saliva of diabetic patients and they correlate to HbA1c levels, thus being potential indicators of the post-extraction healing status in the oral cavity.
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Su YH, Chang YM, Kung CY, Sung CK, Foo WS, Wu MH, Chiou SJ. A study of correlations between metabolic syndrome factors and osteosarcopenic adiposity. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:216. [PMID: 34711214 PMCID: PMC8555223 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00880-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging reduces the quality and strength of bones and muscles and increases body fat, which can lead to the simultaneous occurrence of sarcopenia, osteopenia, and adiposity, a condition referred to as OsteoSarcopenic Adiposity (OSA). While previous studies have demonstrated that metabolic syndrome is associated with sarcopenia, osteopenia, and adiposity, the relationship between metabolic syndrome and OSA remains largely unknown. METHODS We analyzed data for a sample of middle-aged individuals from a Health Management Center database, which was collected in 2016-2018. There are 2991 cases of people over 50 years from a physical examination center in a hospital in Taiwan during 2016-2018. In addition to descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, analysis of variance, and multinomial logistic regression analysis were conducted to examine OSA risk and associated factors. RESULTS Based on multinomial logistic regression analysis, in different OSA severity level (1-3 more serious), those who are with metabolic syndrome has increased the 2.49-2.57 times risk of OSA (p < 0.001) in OSA = 2 and 3 groups while there is no significant difference in OSA =1 group. CONCLUSION The prevalence of OSA may impair the health and quality of life in the elderly group, especially those diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, increasing the risk of OSA. These results can help promote early diagnosis and treatment of OSA in clinical settings, particularly among aging individuals with abnormal physical function, the group with the highest OSA incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Su
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Chang
- Department of Urology, West Garden Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Kung
- Department of Medical Research and Education, West Garden Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Kuei Sung
- Department of Nursing, West Garden Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shin Foo
- Department of Rehabilitation, West Garden Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hua Wu
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Jyh Chiou
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Guo H, Ding J, Liu Q, Li Y, Liang J, Zhang Y. Vitamin C and Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2021; 8:728880. [PMID: 34692744 PMCID: PMC8531097 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.728880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between vitamin C and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been evaluated in several epidemiological studies with conflicting results. This meta-analysis was therefore employed to further investigate the above issue. Methods: The observational studies on the associations of dietary and circulating (serum and plasma) vitamin C levels with MetS were searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase database up to April 2021. The pooled relative risk (RR) of MetS for the highest vs. lowest dietary and circulating vitamin C levels and the standard mean difference (SMD) of dietary and circulating vitamin C levels for MetS vs. control subjects were calculated, respectively. Results: A total of 28 observational studies were identified in this meta-analysis. Specifically, 23 studies were related to the dietary vitamin C level. The overall multivariable-adjusted RR demonstrated that the dietary vitamin C level was inversely associated with MetS (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.97; P = 0.003). Moreover, the overall combined SMD showed that the dietary vitamin C level in MetS was lower than that in control subjects (SMD = −0.04, 95% CI: −0.08 to −0.01; P = 0.024). With regard to the circulating vitamin C level, 11 studies were included. The overall multivariable-adjusted RR demonstrated that the circulating vitamin C level was inversely associated with MetS (RR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.49–0.74; P < 0.001). In addition, the overall combined SMD showed that the circulating vitamin C level in MetS was lower than that in control subjects (SMD=-0.82, 95%CI: −1.24 to −0.40; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that both dietary and circulating vitamin C level is inversely associated with MetS. However, due to the limitation of the available evidence, more well-designed prospective studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieyu Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Betel Nut Chewing Decreased Calcaneus Ultrasound T-Score in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103655. [PMID: 34684655 PMCID: PMC8541161 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chewing betel nut is common in Taiwan. Although previous studies have shown that chewing betel nuts is associated with adverse health effects, findings about the impact on bone density have been inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between betel nut chewing and calcaneus ultrasound T-score in a longitudinal study of 118,856 participants from the Taiwan Biobank. Of these participants, 27,002 were followed up with for a median of 4 years. The T-score of the calcaneus was measured in the non-dominant foot using ultrasound. Multivariable analysis showed that a history of chewing betel nut (coefficient β = −0.232; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with low baseline T-score in all participants (n = 118,856). In addition, a long duration of betel nut chewing (per 1 year; coefficient β = −0.003; p = 0.022) was significantly associated with a low baseline T-score in the participants with a history of chewing betel nut (n = 7210). Further, a long duration of betel nut chewing (per 1 year; coefficient β = −0.004; p = 0.039) was significantly associated with a low ΔT-score in the participants with a history of chewing betel nut (n = 1778) after 4 years of follow-up. In conclusion, our results showed that betel nut chewing was associated with a decrease in calcaneus ultrasound T-score, and thus, it is important to stop chewing betel nut to help prevent an increased risk of osteoporosis in the Taiwanese population.
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Wang FX, Zhu N, Zhou F, Lin DX. Natural Aporphine Alkaloids with Potential to Impact Metabolic Syndrome. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206117. [PMID: 34684698 PMCID: PMC8540223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of metabolic syndrome has steadily increased worldwide. As a major risk factor for various diseases, metabolic syndrome has come into focus in recent years. Some natural aporphine alkaloids are very promising agents in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and its components because of their wide variety of biological activities. These natural aporphine alkaloids have protective effects on the different risk factors characterizing metabolic syndrome. In this review, we highlight the activities of bioactive aporphine alkaloids: thaliporphine, boldine, nuciferine, pronuciferine, roemerine, dicentrine, magnoflorine, anonaine, apomorphine, glaucine, predicentrine, isolaureline, xylopine, methylbulbocapnine, and crebanine. We particularly focused on their impact on metabolic syndrome and its components, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus, endothelial dysfunction, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia and obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hyperuricemia and kidney damage, erectile dysfunction, central nervous system-related disorder, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. We also discussed the potential mechanisms of actions by aporphine alkaloids in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Xuan Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing 210019, China; (N.Z.); (F.Z.); (D.-X.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13505140525
| | - Nan Zhu
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing 210019, China; (N.Z.); (F.Z.); (D.-X.L.)
| | - Fan Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing 210019, China; (N.Z.); (F.Z.); (D.-X.L.)
- School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Dong-Xiang Lin
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing 210019, China; (N.Z.); (F.Z.); (D.-X.L.)
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Luo K, Chen P, He M, Yang Y, Chen J, Wang T. Bone Turnover Markers and Bone Histomorphometry in Pubertal Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2021; 40:359-368. [PMID: 31989849 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2019.1710791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of malnutrition during pregnancy on bone development in rat pups with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Methods: IUGR offspring were induced with a 10% low protein diet, while the control group was given a 21% protein diet during pregnancy. Serum biomarkers including bone glutamyl protein (BGP), amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), cross linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX), and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were measured at 7, 21 and 56 d. Left femurs taken at 56 d were used for bone histomorphometry analysis by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Results: Compared with the control group, the IUGR group had lower IGF-1 and BGP levels at 7 and 21 d, and higher P1NP and NTX levels at 7 d. The IUGR group had thinner trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), lower trabecular number (Tb.N), and increased trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) at 56 d. Conclusion: The effect of IUGR on bone development may persist after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiju Luo
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pingyang Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingfeng He
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yonghui Yang
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juncao Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Metabolic Profile and Bone Status in Post-Menopausal Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Monocentric Retrospective Survey. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093168. [PMID: 34579044 PMCID: PMC8470504 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are chronic conditions that share common inflammatory mechanisms. Both diseases can lead to an impairment of the bone microarchitecture. The aims of our study were to evaluate clinical, metabolic, and bone parameters in RA patients with or without MetS (MetS+, MetS-) and potential correlations between the glico-lipidic profile, RA disease activity, and bone status. Methods: A total of thirty-nine RA female post-menopausal patients were recruited (median age 66.6 ± 10.4, disease duration 3 ± 2.7). Anthropometric data, medical history, and current treatment were recorded along with basal blood tests, bone, and lipid metabolism biomarkers. RA disease activity and insulin resistance were evaluated through standard scores. Quantitative assessment of the bone (bone mineral density-BMD) was performed by dual-energy-X ray absorption (DXA), whereas bone quality was quantified with the trabecular bone score (TBS). Results: No statistically significant differences concerning both BMD and TBS were detected between the MetS+ and MetS- RA patients. However, the MetS+ RA patients exhibited significantly higher disease activity and lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations (respectively, p = 0.04 and p = 0.01). In all RA patients, a significant negative correlation emerged between the BMD of the femoral trochanter with plasmatic triglycerides (TG) concentrations (r = -0.38, p = 0.01), whereas the lumbar BMD was positively correlated with the abdominal waist (AW) and fasting glucose (FG) concentrations. On the other hand, the TBS was negatively correlated with insulin concentrations, FG, and RA disease activity (respectively, r = -0.45, p = 0.01, r = -0.40, p = 0.03, r = -0.37, p = 0.04), the last one was further negatively correlated with 25-OHD serum concentrations (r = -0.6, p = 0.0006) and insulin-resistance (r = 0.3, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Bone quantity (BMD) and quality (TBS) do not seem significantly changed among MetS+ and MetS- RA patients; however, among MetS+ patients, both significantly higher disease activity and lower vitamin D serum concentrations were observed. In addition, the significant negative correlations between the alterations of metabolic parameters limited to the TBS in all RA patients might suggest that qualitative bone microarchitecture impairments (TBS) might manifest despite unchanged BMD values.
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Tao W, Wang G, Wei J. The Role of Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Possible Mechanisms. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090501. [PMID: 34564163 PMCID: PMC8465579 DOI: 10.3390/md19090501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of metabolic disorders including central obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, has become a major public health problem worldwide. It is of great significance to develop natural products to prevent and treat metabolic syndrome. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of chitosan prepared by the deacetylation of chitin, which is the second most abundant polymer in nature. In recent years, COS has received widespread attention due to its various biological activities. The present review will summarize the evidence from both in vitro and in vivo studies of the beneficial effects of COS on obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, and focus attention on possible mechanisms of the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome by COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Tao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
| | - Geng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Jintao Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
- Correspondence:
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Kim KJ, Choi J, Kim JY, Bae JH, Kim KJ, Kim HY, Yoo HJ, Seo JA, Kim NH, Choi KM, Baik SH, Kim SG, Kim NH. Statin Therapy and the Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: a Nested Case-Control Study. J Lipid Atheroscler 2021; 10:322-333. [PMID: 34621703 PMCID: PMC8473960 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2021.10.3.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association between statin use and the risk of major osteoporotic fractures in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS A nested case-control study was performed in patients with MetS (≥50 years) who had no history of osteoporotic fracture using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. This study included 17,041 patients diagnosed with new-onset osteoporotic fractures and controls matched in a 1:1 ratio by age, sex, body mass index, cohort entry date, and follow-up duration. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate covariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS During a 4-year follow-up period, the risk of major osteoporotic fractures was significantly reduced by 9% (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85-0.97) in statin users compared with that in non-users. Among subtypes of major osteoporotic fracture, a risk reduction with statin therapy was significant for vertebral fracture (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79-0.94) but not for non-vertebral fracture (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.88-1.06). Longer duration (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99, per 1-year increase) and higher cumulative dose (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99, per 365 defined daily doses) of statins were negatively associated with the risk of major osteoporotic fracture. CONCLUSION This study supports the hypothesis that statin therapy has a beneficial effect on major osteoporotic fractures, especially vertebral fractures, in patients with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jimi Choi
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji A Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wung CH, Chung CY, Wu PY, Huang JC, Tsai YC, Chen SC, Chiu YW, Chang JM. Associations between Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity-Related Indices and Bone Mineral Density T-Score in Hemodialysis Patients. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11080775. [PMID: 34442419 PMCID: PMC8402197 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity-related indices and bone mineral density (BMD). However, no previous studies have reported these associations among hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aims of this study were to investigate associations between MetS and its components and BMD T-score in HD patients and also between obesity-related indices and BMD T-score in HD patients with and without MetS. MetS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III for Asians, and BMD T-score was calculated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Eight obesity-related indices were evaluated, including lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), body adiposity index, conicity index (CI), body roundness index (BRI), abdominal volume index (AVI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist–hip ratio, and body mass index (BMI). One hundred and sixty-four patients undergoing HD were enrolled, and the prevalence of MetS was 61.6%. MetS was significantly associated with high lumbar spine and total hip T-scores. Regarding the MetS components, abdominal obesity and low HDL-C were significantly associated with high lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip T-scores; hypertriglyceridemia was significantly associated with high lumbar spine and total hip T-scores; hyperglycemia was significantly associated with a high lumbar spine T-score, whereas high blood pressure was not associated with T-score at any site. In the patients with MetS, BMI, WHtR, AVI, and BRI were significantly associated with T-score at all sites, and high CI, VAI, and LAP were also related to a high lumbar T-score. However, these indices were not associated with T-score at any site in patients without MetS. This study demonstrated positive associations between MetS and its five components and BMD T-score among HD patients. MetS, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-cholesterol were associated with low risk of osteoporosis among the HD patients. Furthermore, we found that some obesity-related indices were associated with BMD T-score among HD patients with MetS but not in those without MetS. Our study highlights the importance of BMI, WHtR, AVI, and BRI in predicting the risk of osteoporosis among HD patients with MetS. In clinical practice, they can be easily calculated through simple anthropometric measurements and routine laboratory examinations and be used to quickly and conveniently assess the risk of osteoporosis among HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsuan Wung
- Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Yin Chung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Yu Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.T.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Chi Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.T.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.T.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.T.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-8036783-3440; Fax: +886-7-8063346
| | - Yi-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.T.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Ming Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.T.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Cheng CH, Lin CY, Cho TH, Lin CM. Machine Learning to Predict the Progression of Bone Mass Loss Associated with Personal Characteristics and a Metabolic Syndrome Scoring Index. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9080948. [PMID: 34442085 PMCID: PMC8394586 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A relationship exists between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and human bone health; however, whether the combination of demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors that are associated with MetS development also simultaneously affects bone density remains unclear. Using a machine learning approach, the current study aimed to estimate the usefulness of predicting bone mass loss using these potentially related factors. The present study included a sample of 23,497 adults who routinely visited a health screening center at a large health center at least once during each of three 3-year stages (i.e., 2006–2008, 2009–2011, and 2012–2014). The demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle characteristics, body mass index (BMI), and MetS scoring index recorded during the first 3-year stage were used to predict the subsequent occurrence of osteopenia using a non-concurrence design. A concurrent prediction was also performed using the features recorded from the same 3-year stage as the predicted outcome. Machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were applied to build predictive models using a unique feature set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1 score were used to evaluate the predictive performances of the models. The XGBoost model presented the best predictive performance among the non-concurrence models. This study suggests that the ensemble learning model with a MetS severity score can be used to predict the progression of osteopenia. The inclusion of an individual’s features into a predictive model over time is suggested for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hsin Cheng
- Division of Chest Medicine, Ten-Chan General Hospital, Chung Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yuan Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ten-Chan General Hospital, Chung Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Hsun Cho
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming-Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Ming Lin
- Department of Healthcare Information and Management, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-350-7001; Fax: +886-3-359-3880
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50
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Chan AML, Ng AMH, Mohd Yunus MH, Idrus RBH, Law JX, Yazid MD, Chin KY, Shamsuddin SA, Lokanathan Y. Recent Developments in Rodent Models of High-Fructose Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082497. [PMID: 34444658 PMCID: PMC8401262 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the physiological clustering of hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. The MetS-related chronic illnesses encompass obesity, the cardiovascular system, renal operation, hepatic function, oncology, and mortality. To perform pre-clinical research, it is imperative that these symptoms be successfully induced and optimized in lower taxonomy. Therefore, novel and future applications for a disease model, if proven valid, can be extrapolated to humans. MetS model establishment is evaluated based on the significance of selected test parameters, paradigm shifts from new discoveries, and the accessibility of the latest technology or advanced methodologies. Ultimately, the outcome of animal studies should be advantageous for human clinical trials and solidify their position in advanced medicine for clinicians to treat and adapt to serious or specific medical situations. Rodents (Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus) have been ideal models for mammalian studies since the 18th century and have been mapped extensively. This review compiles and compares studies published in the past five years between the multitude of rodent comparative models. The response factors, niche parameters, and replicability of diet protocols are also compiled and analyzed to offer insight into MetS-related disease-specific modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Man Lung Chan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (A.M.L.C.); (A.M.H.N.); (R.B.H.I.); (J.X.L.); (M.D.Y.); (S.A.S.)
- Ming Medical Sdn. Bhd., D3-3 (2nd Floor), Block D3 Dana 1 Commercial Centre, Jalan PJU 1A/22, Petaling Jaya 47101, Malaysia
| | - Angela Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (A.M.L.C.); (A.M.H.N.); (R.B.H.I.); (J.X.L.); (M.D.Y.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Mohd Heikal Mohd Yunus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (A.M.L.C.); (A.M.H.N.); (R.B.H.I.); (J.X.L.); (M.D.Y.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (A.M.L.C.); (A.M.H.N.); (R.B.H.I.); (J.X.L.); (M.D.Y.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (A.M.L.C.); (A.M.H.N.); (R.B.H.I.); (J.X.L.); (M.D.Y.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Sharen Aini Shamsuddin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (A.M.L.C.); (A.M.H.N.); (R.B.H.I.); (J.X.L.); (M.D.Y.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (A.M.L.C.); (A.M.H.N.); (R.B.H.I.); (J.X.L.); (M.D.Y.); (S.A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9145-7704
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