1
|
Gkotzamani A, Ipsilantis I, Menexes G, Katsiotis A, Mattas K, Koukounaras A. The Impact of Salinity in the Irrigation of a Wild Underutilized Leafy Vegetable, Sonchus oleraceus L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1552. [PMID: 38891360 PMCID: PMC11174866 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Introducing non- or under-utilized crops to cultivation generates benefits such as biodiversity enrichment, supporting mitigation actions towards climate change-induced effects. The salinization of soil and water supplies is progressively disrupting natural habitats and food production, especially in regions such as the Mediterranean. Sonchus oleraceus L. is a Mediterranean wild leafy green with nutritional and medicinal properties. This study's purpose was to determine whether salinity affects the growth, quality, and nutrient composition of Sonchus oleraceus L. In an unheated plastic greenhouse, seedlings were transplanted in pots filled with perlite and irrigated with a nutrient solution with no NaCl added (the control, C) or with the addition of 40, 60, 80, and 100 mM of NaCl (treatments S4, S6, S8, and S10, respectively). The leaf and root growth, leaf quality, and the nutrient composition of leaves and roots were determined. Regarding the results, growth was mainly affected at high salinity levels (S8 and S10), with no observed effects of salinity on the determined quality parameters. The nutrient composition was variably affected by salinity in leaves but not in roots (except in the case of Na and the K/Na ratio). Sonchus oleraceus L. showed a general relative tolerance in moderate salinity levels (40 and 60 mM of NaCl), suggesting potential commercial exploitation of the species in areas where the quality of irrigation water is low. However, the health effects of consuming this species grown under salinity stress need to be studied in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gkotzamani
- Laboratory of Vegetable Crops, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Ipsilantis
- Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - George Menexes
- Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Andreas Katsiotis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Geotechnical Sciences and Environmental Management, Cyprus University of Technology, 50329 Limassol, Cyprus;
| | - Konstadinos Mattas
- Department of Agricultural Economics, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Koukounaras
- Laboratory of Vegetable Crops, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chudasama T, Dangar K, Gadhvi K, Vyas S, Dudhagara D. Multivariate statistical analysis of bioavailability of heavy metals and mineral characterization in selected species of coastal flora. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11282. [PMID: 38760440 PMCID: PMC11101636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents a thorough investigation into the concentration of heavy metals and mineral composition within four distinct coastal flora species: Cyperus conglomeratus, Halopyrum mucronatum, Sericostem pauciflorum, and Salvadora persica. Employing rigorous statistical methodologies such as Pearson coefficient correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and interclass correlation (ICC), we aimed to elucidate the bioavailability of heavy metals, minerals, and relevant physical characteristics. The analysis focused on essential elements including copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl-), all of which are known to play pivotal roles in the ecological dynamics of coastal ecosystems. Through PCA, we discerned distinctive patterns within PC1 to PC4, collectively explaining an impressive 99.65% of the variance observed in heavy metal composition across the studied flora species. These results underscore the profound influence of environmental factors on the mineral composition of coastal flora, offering critical insights into the ecological processes shaping these vital ecosystems. Furthermore, significant correlations among mineral contents in H. mucronatum; K+ with content of Na+ (r = 0.989) and Mg2+ (r = 0.984); as revealed by ICC analyses, contributed to a nuanced understanding of variations in electrical conductivity (EC), pH levels, and ash content among the diverse coastal flora species. By shedding light on heavy metal and mineral dynamics in coastal flora, this study not only advances our scientific understanding but also provides a foundation for the development of targeted environmental monitoring and management strategies aimed at promoting the ecological sustainability and resilience of coastal ecosystems in the face of ongoing environmental challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarla Chudasama
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Dangar
- Savaj Junagadh Dist. Co-Operative Milk Producers Union Ltd, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Kamlesh Gadhvi
- Gujarat Forestry Research Foundation, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Suhas Vyas
- Department of Life Sciences, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
| | - Dushyant Dudhagara
- Department of Life Sciences, Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qian Z, Lu L, Zihan W, Qianyue B, Chungang Z, Shuheng Z, Jiali P, Jiaxin Y, Shuang Z, Jian W. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) improves salinity stress tolerance in soybean seedlings by modulating their mineral nutrition, osmolyte contents, and ascorbate-glutathione cycle. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:365. [PMID: 38706002 PMCID: PMC11071273 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plants, GABA plays a critical role in regulating salinity stress tolerance. However, the response of soybean seedlings (Glycine max L.) to exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) under saline stress conditions has not been fully elucidated. RESULTS This study investigated the effects of exogenous GABA (2 mM) on plant biomass and the physiological mechanism through which soybean plants are affected by saline stress conditions (0, 40, and 80 mM of NaCl and Na2SO4 at a 1:1 molar ratio). We noticed that increased salinity stress negatively impacted the growth and metabolism of soybean seedlings, compared to control. The root-stem-leaf biomass (27- and 33%, 20- and 58%, and 25- and 59% under 40- and 80 mM stress, respectively]) and the concentration of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b significantly decreased. Moreover, the carotenoid content increased significantly (by 35%) following treatment with 40 mM stress. The results exhibited significant increase in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) oxidized glutathione (GSSG), Na+, and Cl- under 40- and 80 mM stress levels, respectively. However, the concentration of mineral nutrients, soluble proteins, and soluble sugars reduced significantly under both salinity stress levels. In contrast, the proline and glycine betaine concentrations increased compared with those in the control group. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase decreased significantly, while those of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and dehydroascorbate reductase increased following saline stress, indicating the overall sensitivity of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH). However, exogenous GABA decreased Na+, Cl-, H2O2, and MDA concentration but enhanced photosynthetic pigments, mineral nutrients (K+, K+/Na+ ratio, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+); osmolytes (proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugar, and soluble protein); enzymatic antioxidant activities; and AsA-GSH pools, thus reducing salinity-associated stress damage and resulting in improved growth and biomass. The positive impact of exogenously applied GABA on soybean plants could be attributed to its ability to improve their physiological stress response mechanisms and reduce harmful substances. CONCLUSION Applying GABA to soybean plants could be an effective strategy for mitigating salinity stress. In the future, molecular studies may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which GABA regulates salt tolerance in soybeans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Liu Lu
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Wei Zihan
- School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bai Qianyue
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Zhao Chungang
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Zhang Shuheng
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Pan Jiali
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Yu Jiaxin
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Zhang Shuang
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Wei Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China.
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cao H, Ding R, Du T, Kang S, Tong L, Chen J, Gao J. A meta-analysis highlights the cross-resistance of plants to drought and salt stresses from physiological, biochemical, and growth levels. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14282. [PMID: 38591354 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In nature, drought and salt stresses often occur simultaneously and affect plant growth at multiple levels. However, the mechanisms underlying plant responses to drought and salt stresses and their interactions are still not fully understood. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the effects of drought, salt, and combined stresses on plant physiological, biochemical, morphological and growth traits, analyze the different responses of C3 and C4 plants, as well as halophytes and non-halophytes, and identify the interactive effects on plants. There were numerous similarities in plant responses to drought, salt, and combined stresses. C4 plants had a more effective antioxidant defense system, and could better maintain above-ground growth. Halophytes could better maintain photosynthetic rate (Pn) and relative water content (RWC), and reduce growth as an adaptation strategy. The responses of most traits (Pn, RWC, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, H2O2 content, plant dry weight, etc.) to combined stress were less-than-additive, indicating cross-resistance rather than cross-sensitivity of plants to drought and salt stresses. These results are important to improve our understanding of drought and salt cross-resistance mechanisms and further induce resistance or screen-resistant varieties under stress combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heli Cao
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province, China
| | - Risheng Ding
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province, China
| | - Taisheng Du
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shaozhong Kang
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ling Tong
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma P, Li J, Sun G, Zhu J. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the adaptive mechanisms of halophyte Suaeda dendroides encountering high saline environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1283912. [PMID: 38419781 PMCID: PMC10899697 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1283912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Suaeda dendroides, a succulent euhalophyte of the Chenopodiaceae family, intermittently spread around northern Xinjiang, China, has the ability to grow and develop in saline and alkali environments. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of S. dendroides response to high salt conditions. 27 sequencing libraries prepared from low salt (200 mM NaCl) and high salt (800 mM NaCl) treated plants at 5 different stages were sequenced using Illumina Hiseq 2000. A total of 133,107 unigenes were obtained, of which 4,758 were DEGs. The number of DEGs in the high salt group (3,189) was more than the low salt treatment group (733) compared with the control. GO and KEGG analysis of the DEGs at different time points of the high salt treatment group showed that the genes related to cell wall biosynthesis and modification, plant hormone signal transduction, ion homeostasis, organic osmolyte accumulation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification were significantly expressed, which indicated that these could be the main mechanisms of S. dendroides acclimate to high salt stress. The study provides a new perspective for understanding the molecular mechanisms of halophytes adapting to high salinity. It also provides a basis for future investigations of key salt-responsive genes in S. dendroides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization, Biotechnology Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Jilian Li
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Northwest Inland Region of the Ministry of Agriculture (Xinjiang), Institute of Cotton Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Guoqing Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Western Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gu R, Wan ZQ, Tang F, Liu XT, Yang YT, Shi FL. Physiological and transcriptomic analysis of salt tolerant Glaux maritima grown under high saline condition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1173191. [PMID: 37705703 PMCID: PMC10497109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1173191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Land salinization considerably limits crop production. Biological improvement of saline and alkaline land is an important way to achieve efficient land use. It is crucial to study the salt tolerance of halophyte resources in order to explore and improve plant resources through biological improvement. Glaux maritima is a mesophyte halophyte with strong salt tolerance. In this study, we conducted research on the salt tolerance mechanism of G. maritima through phenotypic, physiological, and transcriptomic aspects. The results indicate that leaf cross-sections revealed that G. maritima has a salt gland tissue composed of stalk, collecting, and secretory cells, which are trapped in epidermal cells. At the physiological level, the maximum salt tolerance threshold of G. maritima leaves was 600 mM/L. At this concentration, proline content, relative conductivity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities were maximum. At the transcriptional level, transcriptome data of three experimental groups (N0: 0 mM/L, N3: 600 mM/L, and N4: 800 mM/L) were analyzed, and six essential genes related to proline synthesis and five essential genes related to SOD and CAT enzyme activities were identified. Two genes involved in CAT enzyme activity were also found to play an important role in the MAPK signaling pathway. Trend analysis revealed that the MAPK signaling regulation (37 differentially expressed genes (DEGs)), phytohormone regulation (48 DEGs), glutathione metabolism (8 DEGs), flavonoid and flavonoid biosynthesis (2DEGs), and flavonoid biosynthesis (24 DEGs) pathways played important roles in regulating the salt tolerance of G. maritima. These findings provide valuable information for further studies on the functional characteristics of G. maritima in response to abiotic stress and may contribute to salt resistance breeding of fodder crops for cultivation in saline alkali land.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhi Qiang Wan
- College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xue Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yan ting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Feng ling Shi
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Waheed A, Haxim Y, Kahar G, Islam W, Ahmad M, Khan KA, Ghramh HA, Alqahtani FM, Hashemand M, Daoyuan Z. Jasmonic acid boosts the salt tolerance of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by upregulating its osmolytes and antioxidant mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:91237-91246. [PMID: 37474859 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28632-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
As a lipid-derived compound, jasmonic acid (JA) regulates growth and defense against environmental stresses. An exogenous foliar JA application was investigated in our study (HA; 0.5 mM) on kidney bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown under different salinity stress concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl). According to the results, salt concentrations were related to an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, whereas they declined the chlorophyll content index. In contrast, JA application decreased the level of MDA but increased the chlorophyll content index. Moreover, increasing salinity levels increased proline, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, free amino acid concentrations, and shikimic acid concentrations, as well as the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). In addition, JA applications further increased their concentrations with increasing salinity stress levels. JA application increases salt-induced osmolytes and non-enzymatic antioxidants while increasing enzymatic antioxidant activity, suggesting kidney beans have a strong antioxidant mechanism, which can adapt to salinity stress. Our results showed that exogenous JA foliar applications could enhance the salt tolerance ability of kidney bean plants by upregulating their antioxidant mechanism and osmolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Resource Utilization in Arid Areas, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yakupjan Haxim
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Resource Utilization in Arid Areas, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Gulnaz Kahar
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Resource Utilization in Arid Areas, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Resource Utilization in Arid Areas, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, 24420, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Applied College, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A Ghramh
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah M Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashemand
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhang Daoyuan
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Resource Utilization in Arid Areas, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abdellaoui R, Elkelish A, El-Keblawy A, Mighri H, Boughalleb F, Bakhshandeh E. Editorial: Halophytes: salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential use. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1218184. [PMID: 37426981 PMCID: PMC10325650 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1218184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raoudha Abdellaoui
- Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants LR16IRA03, Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabès, Médenine, Tunisia
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hedi Mighri
- Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants LR16IRA03, Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabès, Médenine, Tunisia
| | - Fayçal Boughalleb
- Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants LR16IRA03, Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabès, Médenine, Tunisia
| | - Esmaeil Bakhshandeh
- Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan & Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tocai Moţoc AC, Kokeric T, Tripon S, Barbu-Tudoran L, Barjaktarevic A, Cupara S, Vicas SI. Sanguisorba minor Scop.: An Overview of Its Phytochemistry and Biological Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112128. [PMID: 37299107 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient times, many plants have been cultivated for their nutritional and medicinal properties. The genus Sanguisorba has been used for medicinal purposes for more than 2000 years. These species are distributed in temperate, arctic, or alpine areas in the Northern Hemisphere. Elongated, imparipinnate leaves and densely clustered flower heads are characteristics of the genus Sanguisorba. While Sanguisorba officinalis L. is mainly known for its significant medicinal applications, Sanguisorba minor Scop. is beginning to attract greater interest for its chemical composition and biological effects. Our research collected extensive information on Sanguisorba minor, including its history, taxonomy, habitat, and distribution, as well as its bioactive components and biological activities. In addition to electron microscopy of plant parts (root, stems, and leaves), which is described for the first time in the literature in the case of S. minor, the study also provides information on potential pests or beneficial insects that may be present. Our goal was to provide important information that will serve as a solid foundation for upcoming research on Sanguisorba minor Scop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tijana Kokeric
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Septimiu Tripon
- Electron Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Integrated Electron Microscopy Laboratory, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat St., 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu-Tudoran
- Electron Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Integrated Electron Microscopy Laboratory, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat St., 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana Barjaktarevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Snezana Cupara
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Simona Ioana Vicas
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Science, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 410048 Oradea, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ullah A, Ali I, Noor J, Zeng F, Bawazeer S, Eldin SM, Asghar MA, Javed HH, Saleem K, Ullah S, Ali H. Exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) mitigated salinity-induced impairments in mungbean plants by regulating their nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant potential. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1081188. [PMID: 36743556 PMCID: PMC9897288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1081188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing soil salinization has a detrimental effect on agricultural productivity.Therefore, strategies are needed to induce salinity-tolerance in crop species for sustainable foodproduction. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a key role in regulating plant salinity stresstolerance. However, it remains largely unknown how mungbean plants (Vigna radiata L.) respondto exogenous GABA under salinity stress. METHODS Thus, we evaluated the effect of exogenous GABA (1.5 mM) on the growth and physiobiochemicalresponse mechanism of mungbean plants to saline stress (0-, 50-, and 100 mM [NaCland Na2SO4, at a 1:1 molar ratio]). RESULTS Increased saline stress adversely affected mungbean plants' growth and metabolism. Forinstance, leaf-stem-root biomass (34- and 56%, 31- and 53%, and 27- and 56% under 50- and 100mM, respectively]) and chlorophyll concentrations declined. The carotenoid level increased (10%)at 50 mM and remained unaffected at 100 mM. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde(MDA), osmolytes (soluble sugars, soluble proteins, proline), total phenolic content, andenzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase(POD), glutathione reductase (GTR), and polyphenol oxidation (PPO) were significantlyincreased. In leaves, salinity caused a significant increase in Na+ concentration but a decrease inK+ concentration, resulting in a low K+/Na+ concentration (51- and 71% under 50- and 100- mMstress). Additionally, nitrogen concentration and the activities of nitrate reductase (NR) andglutamine synthetase (GS) decreased significantly. The reduction in glutamate synthase (GOGAT)activity was only significant (65%) at 100 mM stress. Exogenous GABA decreased Na+, H2O2,and MDA concentrations but enhanced photosynthetic pigments, K+ and K+/Na+ ratio, Nmetabolism, osmolytes, and enzymatic antioxidant activities, thus reducing salinity-associatedstress damages, resulting in improved growth and biomass. CONCLUSION Exogenous GABA may have improved the salinity tolerance of mungbean plants by maintaining their morpho-physiological responses and reducing the accumulation of harmfulsubstances under salinity. Future molecular studies can contribute to a better understanding of themolecular mechanisms by which GABA regulates mungbean salinity tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Root Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Charbagh Swat, Pakistan
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Javaria Noor
- Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Root Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2 Brunszvik St. Martonvásár, Hungary
| | | | - Khansa Saleem
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Haider Ali
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Charbagh Swat, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bañuelos GS, Centofanti T, Zambrano MC, Vang K, Lone TA. Salsola soda as selenium biofortification crop under high saline and boron growing conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:996502. [PMID: 36226288 PMCID: PMC9549694 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.996502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In California, there is a shortage of good quality water available for irrigated agriculture due to severe drought. Consequently, saline groundwaters and drainage waters containing natural-occurring selenium (Se) and boron (B) salts are being considered as alternative sources of water for irrigation on salt and B tolerant crops like the edible halophyte-agretti (Salsola soda L.). In this multi-year field study, we evaluated agretti grown as a Se-biofortification crop in typical saline/B-laden soils (10 dS m-1 and 12 mg B/L) and irrigated with saline (3-8 dS m-1) and low-saline water (<1 d/S m) containing B (3-6 mg B/L) and Se (0.02-0.25 mg Se/L) at different evaporation transpiration (Et o ) rates (100, 75, and 50 %, respectively). During the four-year study, fresh biomass yields ranged from 1 to 3 kg/m2 and were generally highest with irrigation at 100 % Et o with either saline or low-saline water. Tissue Se concentrations ranged from 2 to 3.2 mg Se / kg DW and 0.4-0.5 mg Se/kg DW with saline and low-saline irrigation, respectively. Selenium speciation in plant tissue showed the following: selenomethionine (SeMet) > selenate (SeO4) > methylselenocysteine (MeSeCy s ), irrespective of any treatment (i.e., year of planting, saline or low saline irrigation, rate of water application, direct seeding or transplanted). Agretti did not exhibit any toxicity symptoms as indicated by changes in total phenolic concentrations. Total phenolics ranged from 180 to 257 GAE/L and showed no significant differences among all treatments, although they were generally higher at the lowest water treatment (50% Et o ). In regard to toxic ion accumulation, agretti tolerated excessive sodium (Na) and boron (B) and tissue concentrations ranging from 5.5 to 8.8% Na and 60 to 235 mg B/kg DW, respectively. Results from this multi-year study have identified a unique Se-biofortification strategy for producing Se-enriched agretti using saline, B- and Se-laden soil and irrigating with saline and low-saline water, respectively. Successful production of this crop may promote Se- biofortification strategies in poor quality regions where natural- occurring Se is present in soils and in waters used for irrigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary S. Bañuelos
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA, United States
| | - Tiziana Centofanti
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria C. Zambrano
- Center for Irrigation Technology, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - Kaomine Vang
- Department of Agricultural Business, Jordan College of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - Todd A. Lone
- Department of Agricultural Business, Jordan College of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Asghar N, Hameed M, Ahmad MSA. Ion homeostasis in differently adapted populations of Suaeda vera Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel. for phytoremediation of hypersaline soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:47-65. [PMID: 35382667 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2056134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Salt-accumulator species are of great interest for the phytoremediation of salt-affected soils to reclaim soil salinization, a major constraints causing germination retardation and growth restriction of plants as well as habitat degradation. Higher biomass production at ECe 23-36 dS m-1 indicated that this species grows better in high to moderate salinity that was linked to osmotic adjustment through higher ion accumulation (Na+, Cl‒, and Ca2+) and organic osmolytes (free amino acids and proline). Plants from highly and moderately saline habitats exhibited broader metaxylem vessels, which was associated with eased conduction of solutes leading to better growth. Leaf anatomical characteristics generally increased with increasing salinity except at the highest ECe 55 dS m-1. The increased leaf lamina thickness contributed to succulence because of increased storage parenchymatous spongy tissues (that can store high amounts of water), water contents and it is a reflection of maintaining ion homeostasis and colonizing hyper-saline soil. Reduced stomatal density and area under high salinity are critical to cope with environmental hazards. Under high salinity, compartmentalization of excessive Na+ and Cl- ions and accumulation of compatible osmolytes are directly related to high degree of salinity tolerance, and hence are useful for phyto-amelioration of salinity-impacted lands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naila Asghar
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mansoor Hameed
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Abiotic stress adversely affects plant growth and metabolism and as such reduces plant productivity. Recognized as a major contributor in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), it hinders the growth of plants through induction of oxidative stress. Biostimulants such as melatonin have a multifunctional role, acting as a defense strategy in minimizing the effects of oxidative stress. Melatonin plays important role in plant processes ranging from seed germination to senescence, besides performing the function of a biostimulant in improving the plant’s productivity. In addition to its important role in the signaling cascade, melatonin acts as an antioxidant that helps in scavenging ROS, generated as part of different stresses among plants. The current study was undertaken to elaborate the synthesis and regulation of melatonin in plants, besides emphasizing its function under various abiotic stress namely, salt, temperature, herbicides, heavy metals, and drought. Additionally, a special consideration was put on the crosstalk of melatonin with phytohormones to overcome plant abiotic stress.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rahman MM, Mostofa MG, Keya SS, Siddiqui MN, Ansary MMU, Das AK, Rahman MA, Tran LSP. Adaptive Mechanisms of Halophytes and Their Potential in Improving Salinity Tolerance in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910733. [PMID: 34639074 PMCID: PMC8509322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization, which is aggravated by climate change and inappropriate anthropogenic activities, has emerged as a serious environmental problem, threatening sustainable agriculture and future food security. Although there has been considerable progress in developing crop varieties by introducing salt tolerance-associated traits, most crop cultivars grown in saline soils still exhibit a decline in yield, necessitating the search for alternatives. Halophytes, with their intrinsic salt tolerance characteristics, are known to have great potential in rehabilitating salt-contaminated soils to support plant growth in saline soils by employing various strategies, including phytoremediation. In addition, the recent identification and characterization of salt tolerance-related genes encoding signaling components from halophytes, which are naturally grown under high salinity, have paved the way for the development of transgenic crops with improved salt tolerance. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive update on salinity-induced negative effects on soils and plants, including alterations of physicochemical properties in soils, and changes in physiological and biochemical processes and ion disparities in plants. We also review the physiological and biochemical adaptation strategies that help halophytes grow and survive in salinity-affected areas. Furthermore, we illustrate the halophyte-mediated phytoremediation process in salinity-affected areas, as well as their potential impacts on soil properties. Importantly, based on the recent findings on salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes, we also comprehensively discuss the potential of improving salt tolerance in crop plants by introducing candidate genes related to antiporters, ion transporters, antioxidants, and defense proteins from halophytes for conserving sustainable agriculture in salinity-prone areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mezanur Rahman
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (L.S.-P.T.); Tel.: +1-806-5007763 (M.G.M.); +1-806-8347829 (L.S.-P.T.)
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Md. Nurealam Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Mesbah Uddin Ansary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh;
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (A.K.D.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Md. Abiar Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (A.K.D.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Lam Son-Phan Tran
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (L.S.-P.T.); Tel.: +1-806-5007763 (M.G.M.); +1-806-8347829 (L.S.-P.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Marín-García PJ, Llobat L. What Are the Keys to the Adaptive Success of European Wild Rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) in the Iberian Peninsula? Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2453. [PMID: 34438909 PMCID: PMC8388719 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) plays an important ecological role in the ecosystems of the Iberian Peninsula. Recently, rabbit populations have drastically reduced, so the species is now considered endangered. However, in some places, this animal is considered a pest. This is the conservation paradox of the 21st century: the wild rabbit is both an invasive alien and an endangered native species. The authors of this review aimed to understand the keys to the adaptive success of European rabbits, addressing all aspects of their biology in order to provide the keys to the ecological management of this species. Aspects including nutrition, genetics, immunity interactions with the environment, behaviour, and conflict with human activities were reviewed. Ultimately, rabbits are resilient and adaptable. The main adaptations that explain the rabbit's adaptive success are its nutrition (wide adaptation to food and good nutritional use of caecotrophy), immune system (powerful and developed), and other aspects related to genetics and behaviour. Rabbits' relationship with humans has led them to colonise other places where they have become pests. Despite these adaptations, populations in native places have been drastically reduced in recent years. Since it serves as a bastion of the Mediterranean ecosystem, a specific conservation program for this species must be carried out. Therefore, a study of the rabbit's response to diseases and nutrition (especially protein), as well as the interaction between them, is of special interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jesús Marín-García
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lola Llobat
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|