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Laccetti L, Salbitani G, Lumaga MRB, Bossa R, Cerasuolo P, Loreto F, Manna M, Carfagna S, Scopece G. How to survive on Mediterranean coastal cliffs: tolerance to seawater in early life-cycle stages in Brassica incana Ten. (Brassicaceae). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024. [PMID: 39012215 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Mediterranean coastal cliffs are reservoirs of plant biodiversity, hosting vulnerable plant species particularly exposed to the risk of local extinction due to extreme abiotic conditions and climate changes. Therefore, studies aiming to understand the tolerance of cliff plant species to abiotic stresses are important to predict their long-time persistence or to highlight inherent threats. We used an integrative approach including anatomical, physiological and phenotypic analyses on (a) seeds, (b) cotyledons of seedlings; and (c) young plants to assess whether the cliff species Brassica incana, can tolerate exposure to different seawater (SW: 25%, 50% and 100%) concentrations during the early stages of its life cycle. Seeds could germinate when exposed to up to 50% SW. Seeds did not germinate in 100% SW, but could resume germination after washing with freshwater. Seed germination rate also decreased with increasing SW concentration. Exposure to SW decreased stomatal size and stomatal index of cotyledons and caused long-lasting and severe damage to the photochemical reactions of photosynthesis. Photochemistry was also sensitive to SW in young plants, but the effect was lower than in cotyledons. This may involve a remodulation of chloroplast dimensions and activation of cellular metabolism. However, photochemical reactions limited photosynthesis at100% SW even after recovery from SW exposure. Our data show that B. incana has strong tolerance to seawater and shows clear signs of halophytic adaptation. Whilst seeds and juvenile plants are able to withstand SW, the seedling stage appears to be more sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Laccetti
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - G Salbitani
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - M R B Lumaga
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - R Bossa
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - P Cerasuolo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - F Loreto
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - M Manna
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - S Carfagna
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
| | - G Scopece
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Complesso Universitario MSA, Naples, Italy
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Shen X, Sun M, Nie B, Li X. Physiological adaptation of Cyperus esculentus L. seedlings to varying concentrations of saline-alkaline stress: Insights from photosynthetic performance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108911. [PMID: 38976943 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinization effects plant photosynthesis in a number of global ecosystems. In this study, photosynthetic and physiological parameters were used to elucidate the impacts of saline-alkaline stress on Cyperus esculentus L. (C. esculentus) seedling photosynthesis. The results demonstrate that salt stress, alkali stress and mixed salt and alkali stress treatments all have similar bell-shaped influences on photosynthesis. At low concentrations (0-100 mmol L-1), saline-alkaline stress promoted net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and water use efficiency in C. esculentus. However, as the treatments increased in intensity (100-200 mmol L-1), plant photosynthetic parameters began to decline. We interpreted this as the capacity of C. esculentus to improve osmoregulatory capacity in low saline-alkaline stress treatments by accumulating photosynthetic pigment, proline and malondialdehyde to counterbalance the induced stress - an adaptive mechanism that failed once concentrations reached a critical threshold (100 mmol L-1). Stomatal conductance, maximum photosynthetic rate and actual photosynthetic rate all decreased with increasing concentration of the stress treatments, and intercellular carbon dioxide showed a decreasing and then increasing trend. These results indicated that when the saline-alkaline stress concentrations were low, C. esculentus seedlings showed obvious adaptive ability, but when the concentration increased further, the physiological processes of C. esculentus seedlings were significantly affected, with an obvious decrease in photosynthetic efficiency. This study provides a new understanding of the photosynthetic adaptation strategies of C. esculentus seedlings to varying concentrations of saline-alkaline stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 83001, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, Xinjiang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengxin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 83001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bixia Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 83001, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, Xinjiang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 83001, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, Xinjiang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Wang X, Chen Z, Sui N. Sensitivity and responses of chloroplasts to salt stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1374086. [PMID: 38693929 PMCID: PMC11061501 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1374086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Chloroplast, the site for photosynthesis and various biochemical reactions, is subject to many environmental stresses including salt stress, which affects chloroplast structure, photosynthetic processes, osmotic balance, ROS homeostasis, and so on. The maintenance of normal chloroplast function is essential for the survival of plants. Plants have developed different mechanisms to cope with salt-induced toxicity on chloroplasts to ensure the normal function of chloroplasts. The salt tolerance mechanism is complex and varies with plant species, so many aspects of these mechanisms are not entirely clear yet. In this review, we explore the effect of salinity on chloroplast structure and function, and discuss the adaptive mechanisms by which chloroplasts respond to salt stress. Understanding the sensitivity and responses of chloroplasts to salt stress will help us understand the important role of chloroplasts in plant salt stress adaptation and lay the foundation for enhancing plant salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Vajjiravel P, Nagarajan D, Pugazhenthi V, Suresh A, Sivalingam MK, Venkat A, Mahapatra PP, Razi K, Al Murad M, Bae DW, Notaguchi M, Seth CS, Muneer S. Circadian-based approach for improving physiological, phytochemical and chloroplast proteome in Spinacia oleracea under salinity stress and light emitting diodes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108350. [PMID: 38199026 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is a recognized annihilating abiotic stress that has a significant impact on agricultural and horticulture crop productivity. Plant development faces three distinct dangers as a result of salt stress: oxidative stress, osmotic stress, and ionic toxicity. It has been shown that plants can forecast diurnal patterns using the circadian clock; moreover, they can manage their defensive mechanism for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Circadian rhythmicity in gene expression assembles transcription and translation feedback networks to govern plant shape, physiology, cellular and molecular activities. Both external and internal variables influence the systemic rhythm via input routes. The Malav Jyoti (MJ) and Delhi Green (DG) genotypes of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were grown in the plant growth chamber. The chamber had an optimized temperature of 25 °C and humidity of 65% containing light emitting diode (LED) having Red: Blue: white (one side) and White fluorescent (other side) under salinity stress. The samples were collected on the basis of 4 h intervals of circadian hours (0 h, 4 h, 8 h and 12 h) during Day-10 and Day-20 of salt treatments. Under salt stress, the circadian and light-emitting diode-based strategy had a substantial influence on spinach's anti-oxidative responses, stomatal movement, CO2 assimilation, PS-I and II efficiency, phytochrome pigment efficiency, and photosynthesis. Based on the findings of the free radical scavenging enzyme tests, the photoperiodic hours for the proteome analysis were set to 11 am and 3 pm on Day-20. When compared to white fluorescent, this study found that LED has the capacity to influence the entrainment cues of the circadian clock in the cultivation of salt-sensitive spinach genotypes. According to our findings, changing the cellular scavenging mechanism and chloroplast proteome has increased the survival rate of spinach genotypes under LED when compared to white fluorescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Vajjiravel
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Divya Nagarajan
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Varsha Pugazhenthi
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Ajay Suresh
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Madhan Kumar Sivalingam
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Ajila Venkat
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Pritam Paramguru Mahapatra
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Kaukab Razi
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Musa Al Murad
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Dong Won Bae
- Central Instrument Facility, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Michitaka Notaguchi
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | | | - Sowbiya Muneer
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
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Rasheed A, Anwar S, Shafiq F, Zaib-Un-Nisa, Khan S, Ashraf M. Physiological and biochemical effects of biochar nanoparticles on spinach exposed to salinity and drought stresses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14103-14122. [PMID: 38270760 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31953-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of nanobiochar in agricultural practices has garnered substantial interest owing to its promising potential. Its nano-size particles possess an enhanced ability to infiltrate plant cells, potentially instigating biochemical and physiological responses that augment stress tolerance. In our study, we aimed to assess the impact and extent of exogenously applied nanobiochar on the growth dynamics and antioxidative responses in Spinacia oleracea L. (spinach) plants subjected to salt stress (50 mM NaCl) and drought stress (maintained at 60% field capacity) compared with respective controls (0 mM NaCl and 100% field capacity). Following a 15-day exposure to stress conditions, nanobiochar solution (at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, and 5% w/v) was sprayed on spinach plants at weekly intervals (at 14, 21, and 28 days after sowing). The foliar application of nanobiochar markedly improved biomass, net assimilation rate, leaf area, and various other growth parameters under drought and salinity stress conditions. Notably, the application of 3% nanobiochar caused the most significant enhancement in growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, and nutrient content, indicating its efficiency in directly supplying nutrients to the foliage. Furthermore, under drought stress conditions, the application of 3% nanobiochar elicited a notable 62% increase in catalase activity, a two-fold rise in peroxidase activity, and a 128% increase in superoxide dismutase activity compared to the control (without nanobiochar). Additionally, nanobiochar application enhanced membrane stability, evidenced by reduced lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. The foliar application of 3% nanobiochar was found as a promising strategy to significantly enhance spinach growth parameters, nutrient assimilation, and antioxidative defense mechanisms, particularly under conditions of drought and salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimun Rasheed
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Anwar
- Department of Botany, GC Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Fahad Shafiq
- Department of Botany, GC University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaib-Un-Nisa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Li DM, Pan YG, Liu HL, Yu B, Huang D, Zhu GF. Thirteen complete chloroplast genomes of the costaceae family: insights into genome structure, selective pressure and phylogenetic relationships. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:68. [PMID: 38233753 PMCID: PMC10792896 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-09996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Costaceae, commonly known as the spiral ginger family, consists of approximately 120 species distributed in the tropical regions of South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia, of which some species have important ornamental, medicinal and ecological values. Previous studies on the phylogenetic and taxonomic of Costaceae by using nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and chloroplast genome fragments data had low resolutions. Additionally, the structures, variations and molecular evolution of complete chloroplast genomes in Costaceae still remain unclear. Herein, a total of 13 complete chloroplast genomes of Costaceae including 8 newly sequenced and 5 from the NCBI GenBank database, representing all three distribution regions of this family, were comprehensively analyzed for comparative genomics and phylogenetic relationships. RESULT The 13 complete chloroplast genomes of Costaceae possessed typical quadripartite structures with lengths from 166,360 to 168,966 bp, comprising a large single copy (LSC, 90,802 - 92,189 bp), a small single copy (SSC, 18,363 - 20,124 bp) and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 27,982 - 29,203 bp). These genomes coded 111 - 113 different genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes and 28 - 30 tRNAs genes. The gene orders, gene contents, amino acid frequencies and codon usage within Costaceae were highly conservative, but several variations in intron loss, long repeats, simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and gene expansion on the IR/SC boundaries were also found among these 13 genomes. Comparative genomics within Costaceae identified five highly divergent regions including ndhF, ycf1-D2, ccsA-ndhD, rps15-ycf1-D2 and rpl16-exon2-rpl16-exon1. Five combined DNA regions (ycf1-D2 + ndhF, ccsA-ndhD + rps15-ycf1-D2, rps15-ycf1-D2 + rpl16-exon2-rpl16-exon1, ccsA-ndhD + rpl16-exon2-rpl16-exon1, and ccsA-ndhD + rps15-ycf1-D2 + rpl16-exon2-rpl16-exon1) could be used as potential markers for future phylogenetic analyses and species identification in Costaceae. Positive selection was found in eight protein-coding genes, including cemA, clpP, ndhA, ndhF, petB, psbD, rps12 and ycf1. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic trees using chloroplast genome sequences consistently revealed identical tree topologies with high supports between species of Costaceae. Three clades were divided within Costaceae, including the Asian clade, Costus clade and South American clade. Tapeinochilos was a sister of Hellenia, and Parahellenia was a sister to the cluster of Tapeinochilos + Hellenia with strong support in the Asian clade. The results of molecular dating showed that the crown age of Costaceae was about 30.5 Mya (95% HPD: 14.9 - 49.3 Mya), and then started to diverge into the Costus clade and Asian clade around 23.8 Mya (95% HPD: 10.1 - 41.5 Mya). The Asian clade diverged into Hellenia and Parahellenia at approximately 10.7 Mya (95% HPD: 3.5 - 25.1 Mya). CONCLUSION The complete chloroplast genomes can resolve the phylogenetic relationships of Costaceae and provide new insights into genome structures, variations and evolution. The identified DNA divergent regions would be useful for species identification and phylogenetic inference in Costaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Li
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yan-Gu Pan
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hai-Lin Liu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Gen-Fa Zhu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Zhou H, Liu M, Meng F, Zheng D, Feng N. Transcriptomics and physiology reveal the mechanism of potassium indole-3-butyrate (IBAK) mediating rice resistance to salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:569. [PMID: 37968598 PMCID: PMC10652493 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IBAK, as a plant growth regulator, has broad application prospects in improving crop resistance to abiotic stress. RESULTS In this study, the regulation mechanism of IBAK on rice was revealed by physiology and transcriptomics by spraying 80 mg·L-1 IBAK solution on rice leaves at the early jointing stage under salt stress. The results showed that spraying IBAK solution on leaves under salt stress could significantly increase K+ content, decrease Na+ content, increase net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and increase the activity of catalase (CAT) and the contents of glutathione (GSH) and soluble protein in rice leaves. Using IBAK under salt stress increased the expression of plant hormone signal transduction pathway-related genes LOC4332548 and LOC4330957, which may help rice to more effectively sense and respond to plant hormone signals and enhance resistance to salt stress. In addition, the photosynthesis pathway-related genes LOC4339270, LOC4327150, and LOC4346326 were upregulated after using IBAK under salt stress, and the upregulation of these genes may be beneficial to improve the efficiency of photosynthesis and increase the photosynthetic capacity of rice. Regarding starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, spraying IBAK on leaves could promote the expression of sucrose synthesis-related gene LOC4347800 and increase the expression of starch synthesis-related genes LOC4330709 and LOC4343010 under salt stress. Finally, IBAK spraying resulted in the upregulation of multiple 50 S and 30 S ribosomal protein genes in the ribosome pathway, which may increase protein synthesis, help maintain cell function, and promote rice growth and development. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed the mechanism of IBAK mediating resistance to salt stress in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Fengyan Meng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Nykiel M, Gietler M, Fidler J, Prabucka B, Labudda M. Abiotic Stress Signaling and Responses in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3405. [PMID: 37836144 PMCID: PMC10575018 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The responses of plants to stress factors are extremely elaborate [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Nykiel
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (M.L.)
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Shao J, Tang W, Huang K, Ding C, Wang H, Zhang W, Li R, Aamer M, Hassan MU, Elnour RO, Hashem M, Huang G, Qari SH. How Does Zinc Improve Salinity Tolerance? Mechanisms and Future Prospects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3207. [PMID: 37765371 PMCID: PMC10534951 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress (SS) is a serious abiotic stress and a major constraint to agricultural productivity across the globe. High SS negatively affects plant growth and yield by altering soil physio-chemical properties and plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. The application of micronutrients is considered an important practice to mitigate the adverse effects of SS. Zinc (Zn) is an important nutrient that plays an imperative role in plant growth, and it could also help alleviate the effects of salt stress. Zn application improves seed germination, seedling growth, water uptake, plant water relations, nutrient uptake, and nutrient homeostasis, therefore improving plant performance and saline conditions. Zn application also protects the photosynthetic apparatus from salinity-induced oxidative stress and improves stomata movement, chlorophyll synthesis, carbon fixation, and osmolytes and hormone accumulation. Moreover, Zn application also increases the synthesis of secondary metabolites and the expression of stress responsive genes and stimulates antioxidant activities to counter the toxic effects of salt stress. Therefore, to better understand the role of Zn in plants under SS, we have discussed the various mechanisms by which Zn induces salinity tolerance in plants. We have also identified diverse research gaps that must be filled in future research programs. The present review article will fill the knowledge gaps on the role of Zn in mitigating salinity stress. This review will also help readers to learn more about the role of Zn and will provide new suggestions on how this knowledge can be used to develop salt tolerance in plants by using Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Shao
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; (J.S.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (C.D.); (W.Z.)
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Wei Tang
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; (J.S.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (C.D.); (W.Z.)
| | - Kai Huang
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; (J.S.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (C.D.); (W.Z.)
| | - Can Ding
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; (J.S.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (C.D.); (W.Z.)
| | - Haocheng Wang
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; (J.S.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (C.D.); (W.Z.)
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; (J.S.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (C.D.); (W.Z.)
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Ronghui Li
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Rehab O. Elnour
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, King Khalid University, Dahran Al-Janoub, Abha 64353, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Guoqin Huang
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
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