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Niekerk LA, Gokul A, Basson G, Badiwe M, Nkomo M, Klein A, Keyster M. Heavy metal stress and mitogen activated kinase transcription factors in plants: Exploring heavy metal-ROS influences on plant signalling pathways. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2793-2810. [PMID: 38650576 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to their stationary nature, plants are exposed to a diverse range of biotic and abiotic stresses, of which heavy metal (HM) stress poses one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses, targeting diverse plant processes. HMs instigate the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to mitigate the adverse effects of ROS, plants induce multiple defence mechanisms. Besides the negative implications of overproduction of ROS, these molecules play a multitude of signalling roles in plants, acting as a central player in the complex signalling network of cells. One of the ROS-associated signalling mechanisms is the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, a signalling pathway which transduces extracellular stimuli into intracellular responses. Plant MAPKs have been implicated in signalling involved in stress response, phytohormone regulation, and cell cycle cues. However, the influence of various HMs on MAPK activation has not been well documented. In this review, we address and summarise several aspects related to various HM-induced ROS signalling. Additionally, we touch on how these signals activate the MAPK cascade and the downstream transcription factors that influence plant responses to HMs. Moreover, we propose a workflow that could characterise genes associated with MAPKs and their roles during plant HM stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Ann Niekerk
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Arun Gokul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Qwaqwa Campus, University of the Free State, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Basson
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Mihlali Badiwe
- Plant Pathology Department, AgriScience Faculty, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mbukeni Nkomo
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, University of Zululand, Main Road, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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2
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Otugboyega JO, Madu FU, Otugboyega OO, Ojo AM, Adeyeye AJ, Ajayi JA. Biomonitoring and Biomathematical Modeling of Health Risks Associated with Dumpsite Grown Vegetables in Lagos State. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3333-3348. [PMID: 37848588 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of dumpsites to farm lands in several communities is a usual practice in Nigeria. Wastes accumulate heavy metals in a variety of forms. This study assessed the concentration, degrees of contamination, and attendant health risk of heavy metals (HMs), using two major indigenous vegetables (Amaranthus viridis and Talinum triangulare) grown on five major dumpsites in Lagos state. After wet digestion, the mean concentrations of the HMs in the vegetable samples were evaluated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Daily intake of metals (DIM), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) biomathematics were employed in the assessment of non-carcinogenic health risk. Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) assessment was used to assess carcinogenicity. The obtained result shows that the concentrations of HMs fell within the following ranges: (0.37 to 0.59), (0.07 to 1.36), (0.30 to 1.92), (0.00 to 0.03), and (0.00 to 0.04) mg/kg; for zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr), respectively, with low to moderate variability. At Ikorodu dumping site, the Pb concentration was above the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible range and has the highest contamination factor. DIM for Pb was also above threshold values (> 1) in both adults and children, while the THQ values for Fe, Pb, and Cd were above 1 (> 1) in both adults and children. HI values for the vegetables exceeded WHO normal range (> 1), except Abule-Egba dumps' samples (70% HI greater than 1 in adults and 90% HI greater than 1 in children). Additionally, the ILCR values of above 50% of the samples were above the WHO (10-6) limits, with the highest value in children (Cd, 1.064 × 10-3) indicating high risk of carcinogenicity over a life time of exposure. Thus, the results revealed great health risk from consumption of vegetables from the four major dumping sites, with children being at greater risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Olusoji Otugboyega
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University Oye Ekiti, Oye, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Francis Ugochukwu Madu
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Umuagwo, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Adeleke Joseph Adeyeye
- Department of Water Resources Management, Federal University Oye Ekiti, Oye, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - John Adekunle Ajayi
- Centre for Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria
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Sharma I, Sharma S, Sharma V, Singh AK, Sharma A, Kumar A, Singh J, Sharma A. PGPR-Enabled bioremediation of pesticide and heavy metal-contaminated soil: A review of recent advances and emerging challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142678. [PMID: 38908452 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The excessive usage of agrochemicals, including pesticides, along with various reckless human actions, has ensued discriminating prevalence of pesticides and heavy metals (HMs) in crop plants and the environment. The enhanced exposure to these chemicals is a menace to living organisms. The pesticides may get bioaccumulated in the food chain, thereby leading to several deteriorative changes in the ecosystem health and a rise in the cases of some serious human ailments including cancer. Further, both HMs and pesticides cause some major metabolic disturbances in plants, which include oxidative burst, osmotic alterations and reduced levels of photosynthesis, leading to a decline in plant productivity. Moreover, the synergistic interaction between pesticides and HMs has a more serious impact on human and ecosystem health. Various attempts have been made to explore eco-friendly and environmentally sustainable methods of improving plant health under HMs and/or pesticide stress. Among these methods, the employment of PGPR can be a suitable and effective strategy for managing these contaminants and providing a long-term remedy. Although, the application of PGPR alone can alleviate HM-induced phytotoxicities; however, several recent reports advocate using PGPR with other micro- and macro-organisms, biochar, chelating agents, organic acids, plant growth regulators, etc., to further improve their stress ameliorative potential. Further, some PGPR are also capable of assisting in the degradation of pesticides or their sequestration, reducing their harmful effects on plants and the environment. This present review attempts to present the current status of our understanding of PGPR's potential in the remediation of pesticides and HMs-contaminated soil for the researchers working in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, University Institute of Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India
| | - Shivika Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Department of Agriculture Sciences, University Institute of Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India
| | - Aksh Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, University Institute of Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Hqrs. Lumami, Zunheboto, Nagaland, 798627, India.
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144012, India.
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Gu Y, Yao Y. Urinary cadmium levels in China (1982-2021): Regional trends and influential factors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118618. [PMID: 38442819 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite the significant threat of cadmium exposure in China, a national-level assessment has been conspicuously absent. This study bridges this critical gap by collecting, geospatial analyzing and multivariable regression analyzing published studies on urinary cadmium levels in Chinese from 1982 to 2021. Our research reveals a notable decline trend in cadmium exposure among Chinese populations. However, this trend varies by region, age and gender group, higher levels are seen in the South (1.04 μg/g cr) compared to the North (0.48 μg/g cr), and in adults (1.08 μg/g cr) relative to children (0.33 μg/g cr), with higher levels being more pronounced in females (6.17 μg/g cr). Urinary cadmium is significantly correlated with rice consumption (P < 0.001), while mining activities have been identified as the dominant factor for cadmium exposure in most regions of China, a trend that is evident both in past decades and is expected to continue into the next decade. These findings underscore the need for region-specific environmental and public health strategies, designed to effectively address the distinct cadmium exposure risks in various regions and among different population groups, thus enhancing protection against the adverse effects of cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yijun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Si L, Wu Q, Jin Y, Wang Z. Research progress in the detection of trace heavy metal ions in food samples. Front Chem 2024; 12:1423666. [PMID: 38867762 PMCID: PMC11168114 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1423666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Food safety is the basis for ensuring human survival and development. The threat of heavy metal ions to food safety has become a social concern with the rapid growth of the economy and the accompanying environmental pollution. Some heavy metal ions are highly toxic even at trace levels and pose significant health risks to humans. Therefore, ultrasensitive detection of heavy metal ions in food samples is important. In this mini-review, recent advances in the analytical methods based on nanomaterials for detecting trace heavy metal ions in food samples are summarized in three categories: electrochemical, colorimetric, and fluorescent methods. We present the features and sensing mechanisms of these three methods, along with typical examples to illustrate their application in the detection of heavy metal ions in foods. This mini-review ends with a discussion of current challenges and future prospects of these approaches for sensing heavy metal ions. The review will help readers understand the principles of these methods, thereby promoting the development of new analytical methods for the detection of heavy metal ions in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yulong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Ahmad A, Javad S, Iqbal S, Shahzadi K, Gatasheh MK, Javed T. Alleviation potential of green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles for cadmium stress in Solanum lycopersicum L: modulation of secondary metabolites and physiochemical attributes. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:113. [PMID: 38573519 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Selenium nanoparticles reduce cadmium absorption in tomato roots, mitigating heavy metal effects. SeNPs can efficiently help to enhance growth, yield, and biomolecule markers in cadmium-stressed tomato plants. In the present study, the effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were investigated on the tomato plants grown in cadmium-contaminated soil. Nanoparticles were synthesized using water extract of Nigella sativa and were characterized for their size and shape. Two application methods (foliar spray and soil drench) with nanoparticle concentrations of 0, 100, and 300 mg/L were used to observe their effects on cadmium-stressed plants. Growth, yield, biochemical, and stress parameters were studied. Results showed that SeNPs positively affected plant growth, mitigating the negative effects of cadmium stress. Shoot length (SL), root length (RL), number of branches (NB), number of leaves per plant (NL), and leaf area (LA) were significantly reduced by cadmium stress but enhanced by 45, 51, 506, 208, and 82%, respectively, by soil drench treatment of SeNPs. Similarly, SeNPs increased the fruit yield (> 100%) and fruit weight (> 100%), and decreased the days to fruit initiation in tomato plants. Pigments were also positively affected by the SeNPs, particularly in foliar treatment. Lycopene content was also enhanced by the addition of NPs (75%). Furthermore, the addition of SeNPs improved the ascorbic acid, protein, phenolic, flavonoid, and proline contents of the tomato plants under cadmium stress, whereas stress enzymes also showed enhanced activities under cadmium stress. It is concluded from the present study that the addition of selenium nanoparticles enhanced the growth and yield of Cd-stressed plants by reducing the absorption of cadmium and increasing the stress management of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sumera Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Shahzadi
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mansour K Gatasheh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Javed
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
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Kanwal H, Raza SH, Ali S, Iqbal M, Shad MI. Effect of riboflavin on redox balance, osmolyte accumulation, methylglyoxal generation and nutrient acquisition in indian squash (Praecitrullus fistulosus L.) under chromium toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20881-20897. [PMID: 38381295 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The presence of high chromium (Cr) levels induces the buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in hindered plant development. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is produced by plants, fungi, and microbes. It serves as a precursor to the coenzymes flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which play a crucial role in cellular metabolism. The objective of this work was to clarify the underlying mechanisms by which riboflavin alleviates Cr stress in Praecitrullus fistulosus L. Further, the role of riboflavin in growth, ions homeostasis, methylglyoxal detoxification, and antioxidant defense mechanism are not well documented in plants under Cr toxicity. We found greater biomass and minimal production of ROS in plants pretreated with riboflavin under Cr stress. Results manifested a clear abridge in growth, chlorophyll content, and nutrient uptake in Indian squash plants exposed to Cr stress. Findings displayed that Cr stress visibly enhanced oxidative injury reflected as higher malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide radical (O2•‒), methylglyoxal (MG) levels alongside vivid lipoxygenase activity. Riboflavin strengthened antioxidant system, enhanced osmolyte production and improved membrane integrity. Riboflavin diminished Cr accumulation in aerial parts that led to improved nutrient acquisition. Taken together, riboflavin abridged Cr phytotoxic effects by improving redox balance because plants treated with riboflavin had strong antioxidant system that carried out effective ROS detoxification. Riboflavin protected membrane integrity that, in turn, improved nutrient uptake in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba Kanwal
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hammad Raza
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Iqbal Shad
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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He S, Niu Y, Xing L, Liang Z, Song X, Ding M, Huang W. Research progress of the detection and analysis methods of heavy metals in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1310328. [PMID: 38362447 PMCID: PMC10867983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1310328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM)-induced stress can lead to the enrichment of HMs in plants thereby threatening people's lives and health via the food chain. For this reason, there is an urgent need for some reliable and practical techniques to detect and analyze the absorption, distribution, accumulation, chemical form, and transport of HMs in plants for reducing or regulating HM content. Not only does it help to explore the mechanism of plant HM response, but it also holds significant importance for cultivating plants with low levels of HMs. Even though this field has garnered significant attention recently, only minority researchers have systematically summarized the different methods of analysis. This paper outlines the detection and analysis techniques applied in recent years for determining HM concentration in plants, such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) and omics and molecular biology approaches. They can detect the chemical forms, spatial distribution, uptake and transport of HMs in plants. For this paper, the principles behind these techniques are clarified, their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted, their applications are explored, and guidance for selecting the appropriate methods to study HMs in plants is provided for later research. It is also expected to promote the innovation and development of HM-detection technologies and offer ideas for future research concerning HM accumulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang He
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yuting Niu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Lu Xing
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation in Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of “Taibaiqiyao” Research and Applications, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Meihai Ding
- Management Department, Xi’an Ande Pharmaceutical Co; Ltd., Xi’an, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of “Taibaiqiyao” Research and Applications, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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9
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Bless Y, Ndlovu L, Gcanga E, Niekerk LA, Nkomo M, Bakare O, Mulaudzi T, Klein A, Gokul A, Keyster M. Methylglyoxal improves zirconium stress tolerance in Raphanus sativus seedling shoots by restricting zirconium uptake, reducing oxidative damage, and upregulating glyoxalase I. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13618. [PMID: 37604852 PMCID: PMC10442447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Raphanus sativus also known as radish is a member of the Brassicaceae family which is mainly cultivated for human and animal consumption. R. sativus growth and development is negatively affected by heavy metal stress. The metal zirconium (Zr) have toxic effects on plants and tolerance to the metal could be regulated by known signaling molecules such as methylglyoxal (MG). Therefore, in this study we investigated whether the application of the signaling molecule MG could improve the Zr tolerance of R. sativus at the seedling stage. We measured the following: seed germination, dry weight, cotyledon abscission (%), cell viability, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, conjugated diene (CD) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, superoxide (O2•-) content, MG content, hydroxyl radical (·OH) concentration, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glyoxalase I (Gly I) activity, Zr content and translocation factor. Under Zr stress, exogenous MG increased the seed germination percentage, shoot dry weight, cotyledon abscission, cell viability and chlorophyll content. Exogenous MG also led to a decrease in MDA, CD, H2O2, O2•-, MG and ·OH, under Zr stress in the shoots. Furthermore, MG application led to an increase in the enzymatic activities of APX, SOD and Gly I as well as in the complete blocking of cotyledon abscission under Zr stress. MG treatment decreased the uptake of Zr in the roots and shoots. Zr treatment decreased the translocation factor of the Zr from roots to shoots and MG treatment decreased the translocation factor of Zr even more significantly compared to the Zr only treatment. Our results indicate that MG treatment can improve R. sativus seedling growth under Zr stress through the activation of antioxidant enzymes and Gly I through reactive oxygen species and MG signaling, inhibiting cotyledon abscission through H2O2 signaling and immobilizing Zr translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoneal Bless
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Linda Ndlovu
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Esihle Gcanga
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Lee-Ann Niekerk
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Mbukeni Nkomo
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Olalekan Bakare
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Takalani Mulaudzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Life Science Building, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Arun Gokul
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Department of Plant Sciences, Qwaqwa Campus, University of the Free State, Phuthadithjaba, 9866, South Africa
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7530, South Africa.
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10
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Mansoor S, Ali A, Kour N, Bornhorst J, AlHarbi K, Rinklebe J, Abd El Moneim D, Ahmad P, Chung YS. Heavy Metal Induced Oxidative Stress Mitigation and ROS Scavenging in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3003. [PMID: 37631213 PMCID: PMC10459657 DOI: 10.3390/plants12163003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Although trace elements are essential for life, environmental contamination due to metal accumulation and overuse in various sectors, such as healthcare, agriculture, industry, and cosmetics, poses significant health concerns. Exposure of plants to heavy metals leads to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to their ability to change mitochondrial membrane permeability and restrict the action of ROS clearance enzymes in the cellular antioxidant system. The interaction of ROS with cellular membranes, heavy-metal-induced interactions directly or indirectly with different macromolecules, and signaling pathways leads to the accumulation of environmental pollutants and oxidative stress in exposed organisms. The heavy metal-ROS-cell signaling axis affects various pathological processes such as ATP depletion, excess ROS production, mitochondrial respiratory chain damage, decoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial death. This review focuses on discussing the toxic effects of different heavy metals on plants, with particular emphasis on oxidative stress, its consequences, and mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mansoor
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
| | - Asif Ali
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK;
| | - Navneet Kour
- Division of Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu 180009, India
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany;
- Trace Age-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Khadiga AlHarbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany;
| | - Diaa Abd El Moneim
- Department of Plant Production (Genetic Branch), Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish 45511, Egypt;
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Pulwama 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Yong Suk Chung
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
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11
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Singh A, Mazahar S, Chapadgaonkar SS, Giri P, Shourie A. Phyto-microbiome to mitigate abiotic stress in crop plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1210890. [PMID: 37601386 PMCID: PMC10433232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-associated microbes include taxonomically diverse communities of bacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, and viruses, which establish integral ecological relationships with the host plant and constitute the phyto-microbiome. The phyto-microbiome not only contributes in normal growth and development of plants but also plays a vital role in the maintenance of plant homeostasis during abiotic stress conditions. Owing to its immense metabolic potential, the phyto-microbiome provides the host plant with the capability to mitigate the abiotic stress through various mechanisms like production of antioxidants, plant growth hormones, bioactive compounds, detoxification of harmful chemicals and toxins, sequestration of reactive oxygen species and other free radicals. A deeper understanding of the structure and functions of the phyto-microbiome and the complex mechanisms of phyto-microbiome mediated abiotic stress mitigation would enable its utilization for abiotic stress alleviation of crop plants and development of stress-resistant crops. This review aims at exploring the potential of phyto-microbiome to alleviate drought, heat, salinity and heavy metal stress in crop plants and finding sustainable solutions to enhance the agricultural productivity. The mechanistic insights into the role of phytomicrobiome in imparting abiotic stress tolerance to plants have been summarized, that would be helpful in the development of novel bioinoculants. The high-throughput modern approaches involving candidate gene identification and target gene modification such as genomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and phyto-microbiome based genetic engineering have been discussed in wake of the ever-increasing demand of climate resilient crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Singh
- Department of Botany, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Samina Mazahar
- Department of Botany, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Shilpa Samir Chapadgaonkar
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priti Giri
- Department of Botany, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhilasha Shourie
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, India
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12
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Usman B, Derakhshani B, Jung KH. Recent Molecular Aspects and Integrated Omics Strategies for Understanding the Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2019. [PMID: 37653936 PMCID: PMC10221523 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important staple food crop for over half of the world's population. However, abiotic stresses seriously threaten rice yield improvement and sustainable production. Breeding and planting rice varieties with high environmental stress tolerance are the most cost-effective, safe, healthy, and environmentally friendly strategies. In-depth research on the molecular mechanism of rice plants in response to different stresses can provide an important theoretical basis for breeding rice varieties with higher stress resistance. This review presents the molecular mechanisms and the effects of various abiotic stresses on rice growth and development and explains the signal perception mode and transduction pathways. Meanwhile, the regulatory mechanisms of critical transcription factors in regulating gene expression and important downstream factors in coordinating stress tolerance are outlined. Finally, the utilization of omics approaches to retrieve hub genes and an outlook on future research are prospected, focusing on the regulatory mechanisms of multi-signaling network modules and sustainable rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Usman
- Graduate School of Green Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (B.U.)
| | - Behnam Derakhshani
- Graduate School of Green Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (B.U.)
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Green Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (B.U.)
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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13
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Alsherif EA, AbdElgawad H. Elevated CO 2 Suppresses the Vanadium Stress in Wheat Plants under the Future Climate CO 2. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1535. [PMID: 37050160 PMCID: PMC10096617 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Increases in atmospheric CO2 is known to promote plant growth under heavy metals stress conditions. However, vanadium (V) stress mitigating the impact of eCO2 as well as the physiological and biochemical bases of this stress mitigation have not been well studied. To this end, this study investigated the growth, photosynthetic parameters, oxidative damages antioxidants, and antioxidants enzymes in wheat plants grown under ambient (420 PPM) and high eCO2 (720 ppm) levels. Exposing wheat plants to higher V increased its accumulation in plants which consequentially inhibited plant growth and induced oxidative damage. An increase in antioxidant and detoxification defense systems was observed but it was not enough to reduce V stress toxicity. On the other hand, wheat growth was improved as a result of reduced V uptake and toxicity on photosynthesis under eCO2. To reduce V uptake, wheat accumulated citric acid, and oxalic acid in soil preferentially under both treatments but to more extend under V and eCO2. Additionally, improved photosynthesis induced high carbon availability that was directed to produce chelating proteins (metallothioneins, phytochelatin) and antioxidants (phenolics, flavonoids, total antioxidant capacity). This study advances our knowledge of the processes behind the variations in the physiological and biochemical responses of the wheat crop under V and eCO2 conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad A. Alsherif
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2180 Antwerp, Belgium
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14
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Li Y, Cheng X, Feng C, Huang X. Interaction of Lead and Cadmium Reduced Cadmium Toxicity in Ficus parvifolia Seedlings. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11030271. [PMID: 36977036 PMCID: PMC10054560 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution occurs widely in soils due to various anthropogenic activities. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) coexist in soil frequently, threatening plant growth. To explore the interaction effect between Pb and Cd in Ficus parvifolia and the response of plant physiological characteristics to Pb and Cd stress, we designed a soil culture experiment. The experiment demonstrated that Pb stress improved leaf photosynthesis ability, while Cd stress inhibited it. Furthermore, Pb or Cd stress increased malonaldehyde (MDA) content, but plants were able to reduce it by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. The presence of Pb could alleviate Cd phytotoxicity in plants by inhibiting Cd uptake and accumulation as well as increasing leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant ability. Pearson correlation analysis illustrated that the variability of Cd uptake and accumulation between Pb and Cd stress was related to plant biomass and antioxidant enzyme activities. This research will offer a new perspective on alleviating Cd phytotoxicity in plants.
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15
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Liu H, Xiao C, Qiu T, Deng J, Cheng H, Cong X, Cheng S, Rao S, Zhang Y. Selenium Regulates Antioxidant, Photosynthesis, and Cell Permeability in Plants under Various Abiotic Stresses: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:44. [PMID: 36616173 PMCID: PMC9824017 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth is affected by various abiotic stresses, including water, temperature, light, salt, and heavy metals. Selenium (Se) is not an essential nutrient for plants but plays important roles in alleviating the abiotic stresses suffered by plants. This article summarizes the Se uptake and metabolic processes in plants and the functions of Se in response to water, temperature, light, salt, and heavy metal stresses in plants. Se promotes the uptake of beneficial substances, maintains the stability of plasma membranes, and enhances the activity of various antioxidant enzymes, thus alleviating adverse effects in plants under abiotic stresses. Future research directions on the relationship between Se and abiotic stresses in plants are proposed. This article will further deepen our understanding of the relationship between Se and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Liu
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Chunmei Xiao
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Tianci Qiu
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jie Deng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xin Cong
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi 445000, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shen Rao
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi 445000, China
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16
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Cortés-Eslava J, Gómez-Arroyo S, Cortés PAM, Jiménez-García LF, Lara-Martínez R, Arenas-Huertero F, Morton-Bermea O, Testillano PS. The wild plant Gnaphalium lavandulifolium as a sentinel for biomonitoring the effects of environmental heavy metals in the metropolitan area of México Valley. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:195. [PMID: 36512105 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring is a valuable tool for assessing the presence and effects of air pollutants such as heavy metals (HM); due to their toxicity and stability, these compounds can affect human health and the balance of ecosystems. To assess its potential as a sentinel organism of HM pollution, the wild plant Gnaphalium lavandulifolium was exposed to four sites in the metropolitan area of México Valley (MAMV): Altzomoni (ALT) Coyoacán (COY), Ecatepec (ECA), and Tlalnepantla (TLA) during 2, 4, and 8 weeks, between October and November 2019. Control plants remained under controlled conditions. The chemical analysis determined twelve HM (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in the leaves. Macroscopic damage to the leaves, later determined in semi-thin sections under light microscopy, lead to a finer analysis. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed major structural changes: chromatin condensation, protoplast shrinkage, cytoplasm vacuolization, cell wall thinning, decreased number and size of starch grains, and plastoglobules in chloroplasts. All these characteristics of stress-induced programed cell death (sPCD) were related to the significant increase of toxic HM in the leaves of the exposed plants compared to the control (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant amount of proteases with caspase 3-like activity in ECA and TLA samples during long exposure times. Ultrastructural changes and sPCD features detected confirmed the usefulness of G. lavandulifolium as a good biomonitor of HM contamination. They supported the possibility of considering subcellular changes as markers of abiotic stress conditions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Cortés-Eslava
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
| | - Pablo Antonio Mérida Cortés
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Luis Felipe Jiménez-García
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Reyna Lara-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Francisco Arenas-Huertero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Ofelia Morton-Bermea
- Laboratorio de Geomagnetismo y Exploración Geofísica, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Pilar S Testillano
- Laboratory of Pollen Biotechnology of Crop Plants, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), C.S.I.C, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Khan Z, Fan X, Khan MN, Khan MA, Zhang K, Fu Y, Shen H. The toxicity of heavy metals and plant signaling facilitated by biochar application: Implications for stress mitigation and crop production. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136466. [PMID: 36122746 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) accumulation in soil poses a severe threat worldwide for soil, plants, and humans. The accumulation of HMs in soil and uptake by plants leads to disrupt physiological and biochemical metabolisms. As a potential and sustainable soil amendment, biochar has attained huge attention to reduce HMs toxicity in soil and improve plant growth influenced by HMs stress. Despite an array of research studies, there is a lack of knowledge on how biochar interacts with HMs, moderate plant defence system, induce HMs stress signals pathways and promote plant growth. At first, the review highlights the possible effects of HMs on soil and plant and their consequences on plant signaling network. Secondly, the biochar's impact on soil physiochemical properties and the sorption of HMs on biochar surface through direct and indirect mechanisms are reviewed. Finally, the review shows the key roles of biochar in soil improvement to enhance plant growth and signaling response to HMs by enhancing the activities of antioxidants and reducing chlorophyll injury, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and cell membrane degradation under HMs stress. However, future studies are needed to evaluate the role of biochar in diverse climatic conditions as well as the long-term effects of biochar on HMs persistency in soil and crop productivity. This review will provide new avenues for future studies to address and quantify the advancement in biochar's role in alleviating plant's HMs stress on a sustainable basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Khan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianting Fan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Nauman Khan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | - Kangkang Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Youqiang Fu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, China; Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hong Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Shen Y, Nie C, Wei Y, Zheng Z, Xu ZL, Xiang P. FRET-based innovative assays for precise detection of the residual heavy metals in food and agriculture-related matrices. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Kumar S, Shah SH, Vimala Y, Jatav HS, Ahmad P, Chen Y, Siddique KHM. Abscisic acid: Metabolism, transport, crosstalk with other plant growth regulators, and its role in heavy metal stress mitigation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:972856. [PMID: 36186053 PMCID: PMC9515544 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.972856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) stress is threatening agricultural crops, ecological systems, and human health worldwide. HM toxicity adversely affects plant growth, physiological processes, and crop productivity by disturbing cellular ionic balance, metabolic balance, cell membrane integrity, and protein and enzyme activities. Plants under HM stress intrinsically develop mechanisms to counter the adversities of HM but not prevent them. However, the exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA) is a strategy for boosting the tolerance capacity of plants against HM toxicity by improving osmolyte accumulation and antioxidant machinery. ABA is an essential plant growth regulator that modulates various plant growth and metabolic processes, including seed development and germination, vegetative growth, stomatal regulation, flowering, and leaf senescence under diverse environmental conditions. This review summarizes ABA biosynthesis, signaling, transport, and catabolism in plant tissues and the adverse effects of HM stress on crop plants. Moreover, we describe the role of ABA in mitigating HM stress and elucidating the interplay of ABA with other plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Sajad Hussain Shah
- Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Yerramilli Vimala
- Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Hanuman Singh Jatav
- Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University Jobner, Jaipur, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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20
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Heikal YM, El-Esawi MA, Naidu R, Elshamy MM. Eco-biochemical responses, phytoremediation potential and molecular genetic analysis of Alhagi maurorum grown in metal-contaminated soils. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:383. [PMID: 35909101 PMCID: PMC9341119 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alhagi maurorum Medik. (camelthorn) is a dominant desert plant indigenous in various habitats, including the Western Desert of Egypt. The plant is especially prevalent in and around economic iron ore deposits. Nutrient and heavy metal levels in A. maurorum tissues and soil samples were assessed to identify associations between heavy metal levels in plants and soil. The objective was to evaluate this species as an indicator of heavy metal pollution. Photosynthetic pigments, protein, proline, alkaloids, flavonoids, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylscavenging, reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes, and stress-related gene expression were assessed to determine their functional roles in metal stress adaptation in ultra- and molecular structure. Additionally, the molecular genetic variation in A. maurorum samples was assessed using co-dominant sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR). RESULTS A substantial difference in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of A. maurorum was observed in samples collected from three sites. A. maurorum is suited to the climate in mineralized regions. Morphologically, the stem shows spines, narrow leaves, and a reduced shoot system. Anatomically, modifications included a cuticle coating on leaves and stems, sunken stomata, a compact epidermis, and a thick cortex. Significant anatomical-physiological differences were observed with varying heavy metal soil content, antioxidative enzyme activities increased as a tolerance strategy, and glutathione levels decreased in response to heavy metal toxicity. Heavy metal accumulation also affected the expression of stress-related genes. The highest levels of expression of GST, G6PDH, 6PGD, nitrate reductase 1, and sulfate transporter genes were found in plants collected from site A1. However, auxin-induced protein exhibited its highest expression in plants collected from A2. Six SRAP combinations yielded 25 scoreable markers with a polymorphism rate of 64%, and 5 ISSR markers produced 11 bands with a polymorphism rate of 36.36% for three A. maurorum genotypes. The ME1xEM7 primer combinations provided the most polymorphic information content and resolving power, making it the most useful primer for differentiating A. maurorum genotypes. SRAP markers exhibited a higher diversity index (0.24) than ISSR markers (0.16). CONCLUSIONS A. maurorum displayed adaptive characteristics for heavy metal sequestration from mining site soils and is proposed as a strong candidate for phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin M Heikal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Maha M Elshamy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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21
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Kaur H, Hussain SJ, Al-Huqail AA, Siddiqui MH, Al-Huqail AA, Khan MIR. Hydrogen sulphide and salicylic acid regulate antioxidant pathway and nutrient balance in mustard plants under cadmium stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:660-669. [PMID: 34516728 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a pervasive noxious heavy metal, is a key threat to agricultural system. It is rapidly translocated and has detrimental effects on plant growth and development. Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) is emerging as a potential messenger molecule for modulating plant tolerance to Cd. Salicylic acid (SA), a phenolic signalling molecule, can alleviate Cd toxicity in plants. The present study investigated the mediatory role of H2 S (100 µM) and SA (0.5 mM), individually and in combination, in modulating antioxidant defence machinery and nutrient balance to impart Cd (50 µM) resistance to mustard. Accumulation of Cd resulted in oxidative stress (TBARS and H2 O2 ), mineral nutrient imbalance (N, P, K, Ca), decreased leaf gas exchange and PSII efficiency, ultimately reducing plant growth. Both H2 S and SA independently attenuated phytotoxic effects of Cd by triggering antioxidant systems, enhancing the nutrient pool, eventually leading to improved photosynthesis and biomass of mustard plants. The positive effects were more pronounced under combined application of H2 S and SA, indicating a synergistic relationship between these two signalling molecules in mitigating the detrimental effects of Cd on nutrient homeostasis and overall health of mustard, primarily by boosting antioxidant pathway. Our findings provide new insights into H2 S- and SA-induced protective mechanisms in mustard plants subjected to Cd stress and suggest their combined use as a feasible strategy to confer Cd tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaur
- Department of Botany, Akal University, Bathinda, India
| | - S J Hussain
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - A A Al-Huqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Siddiqui
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M I R Khan
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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22
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Ghasemzadeh N, Iranbakhsh A, Oraghi-Ardebili Z, Saadatmand S, Jahanbakhsh-Godehkahriz S. Cold plasma can alleviate cadmium stress by optimizing growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through changes in physio-biochemical properties and fatty acid profile. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35897-35907. [PMID: 35064506 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cold plasma (CP) application has increasing interest due to its environmental-friendly, high efficient, and low cost aspects to mitigate deletion effects of heavy metals on plants. A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the CP application on yield, physiological, and fatty acid profile of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replicates. Cadmium (Cd) was applied at four levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 μM), and CP were used on germinated seeds at three levels (0, 60, and 120 s) in a hydroponic system. The results showed CP alleviated the Cd accumulation in roots, shoots, and grains. The significant reduction of grain yield (GY) and thousand grain yield (TGY) was observed in plants exposed to 100 and 150 μM compared with the control plants; however, CP improved GY and TGY particularly at severe Cd stress. The minimum chlorophyll (Chl) and relative water content (RWC) were observed in plants exposed in 100 μM Cd and non-CP treatments. Proline increased by Cd stress but decreased with CP in most treatments. Unlike proline, methionine showed significant reduction under Cd stress. The fatty acid profile of wheat represented that severe Cd stress decreased monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) but increased polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Heat map (HM) showed that GY and methionine were the most sensitive traits under treatments of Cd and CP. Totally, we suggest the use of 120 s of CP to mitigate Cd stress on wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Sara Saadatmand
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Sardar R, Zulfiqar A, Ahmed S, Shah AA, Iqbal RK, Hussain S, Danish S, Ghafoor U, Fahad S, Krucky J, Al Obaid S, Ansari MJ, Datta R. Proteomic changes in various plant tissues associated with chromium stress in sunflower. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2604-2612. [PMID: 35531205 PMCID: PMC9072932 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that cause environmental pollution in recent decades. An elevated concentration of these heavy metals is highly toxic to plant. Chromium (Cr) is one of the heavy metals whose concentration in the environment is still increasing alarmingly. It is harmful for plant growth and achene yield. To check out the growth and protein alternation towards pollutants, two sunflower varieties (RA-713 and AHO-33) were subjected to different chromium concentrations (control, 200 ppm, 400 ppm) by soil application. This study has elaborated that 400 ppm Cr resulted in a reduction of various growth parameters. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to enhance the understanding of plant proteomic modulation under Cr stress. Different protein bands like 48 and 49, 26 kDa have newly appeared, and three 60, 47, and 42 kDa, and two protein bands 49 and 13 kDa were up-regulated in seeds of RA-713 and AHO-33, respectively. Some proteins (52, 16 kDa) are down-regulated in leaf tissues of both varieties. Only 6 and 81 kDa protein showed up-regulation and 154 kDa down-regulation behavior in the shoot in response to stress. The finding s of study might support the selection of tolerant genotype under Cr contamination and the discovery of new protein biomarkers that can use as monitoring tools in heavy metal stress biology.
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Yang L, Wang J, Yang Y, Li S, Wang T, Oleksak P, Chrienova Z, Wu Q, Nepovimova E, Zhang X, Kuca K. Phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution: Hotspots and future prospects. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113403. [PMID: 35286961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the global status and research hotspots of heavy metal pollution phytoremediation, we used Web of Science, Cite Space software, and VOS viewer to analyse 1123 publications from the period of 2000-2020. Literature categories, research hotpots, and the most prolific publications by country, institution, and author were analysed separately. Around 34% of the articles are contributed from five countries: China (29.37%), India (11.00%), Spain (6.29%), Italy (6.20%), and Pakistan (5.67%). The hot research topic keywords were "diversity", "translocation", and "enhanced phytoremediation". Cadmium was the most highly concerned heavy metal in the phytoremediation. Twenty-three articles were highly cited, and they mainly focused on 1) enhancing the remediation ability of plants in heavy metal contaminated soil by microbial and chemical additives; 2) the molecular effect and mechanism of heavy metals on plant growth and development; 3) discovering novel heavy metal hyper-enriched plants which can remediate mixed heavy metal pollution. From the above analysis, we concluded that the future research directions should be 1) strengthening the plant remediation ability by biochemical means; 2) studying the molecular mechanism underlying heavy metal damage to plants; 3) studying the enrichment principle of plants for heavy metals. The present study provides a further understanding of the trends in phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution, and the data analysed can be used as a guide for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- College of Horticulture & Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Junbang Wang
- National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region of Qinghai Province/Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810001, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Tongxin Wang
- College of Horticulture & Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Patrik Oleksak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Zofia Chrienova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Horticulture & Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture & Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic.
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25
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6-(2′-(4″-Oxabutyloxy)phenyl)-1,6,11-triaza-3,9,14,17,22,25-hexaoxa-2(1,2)(4-methylbenzena)-10(1,2)(5-methylbenzena)bicyclo(9.8.8)heptacosaphane Sodium Bromide Dichloromethane. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium ion sensors are important for the study of concentration profiles in tissues. The synthesis of a cryptand suited for potassium ions and the crystal structure of it with a chelated sodium ion are presented.
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26
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van Dijk JR, Kranchev M, Blust R, Cuypers A, Vissenberg K. Arabidopsis root growth and development under metal exposure presented in an adverse outcome pathway framework. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:737-750. [PMID: 34240430 PMCID: PMC9290988 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to human activities, soils become more and more polluted with metals, which imposes risks for human health and wildlife welfare. As most of the metals end up in the food chain through accumulation in plants, we need to establish science-based environmental criteria and risk management policies. To meet these necessities, a thorough understanding is required of how these metals accumulate in and affect plants. Many studies have been conducted towards this aim, but strikingly, only a few entries can be found in ecotoxicological databases, especially on Arabidopsis thaliana, which serves as a model species for plant (cell) physiology and genetic studies. As experimental conditions seem to vary considerably throughout literature, extrapolation or comparison of data is rather difficult or should be approached with caution. Furthermore, metal-polluted soils often contain more than one metal, yet limited studies investigated the impact of metal mixtures on plants. This review aims to compile all data concerning root system architecture under Cu, Cd and Zn stress, in single or multi-metal exposure in A. thaliana, and link it to metal-induced responses at different biological levels. Global incorporation into an adverse outcome pathway framework is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper R. van Dijk
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics Research Network Antwerp (Biomina)University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Mario Kranchev
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental SciencesHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium
| | - Kris Vissenberg
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
- Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology Lab, Department of AgricultureHellenic Mediterranean UniversityHeraklionGreece
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27
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Wu D, Saleem M, He T, He G. The Mechanism of Metal Homeostasis in Plants: A New View on the Synergistic Regulation Pathway of Membrane Proteins, Lipids and Metal Ions. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120984. [PMID: 34940485 PMCID: PMC8706360 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal stress (HMS) is one of the most destructive abiotic stresses which seriously affects the growth and development of plants. Recent studies have shown significant progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant tolerance to HMS. In general, three core signals are involved in plants' responses to HMS; these are mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), calcium, and hormonal (abscisic acid) signals. In addition to these signal components, other regulatory factors, such as microRNAs and membrane proteins, also play an important role in regulating HMS responses in plants. Membrane proteins interact with the highly complex and heterogeneous lipids in the plant cell environment. The function of membrane proteins is affected by the interactions between lipids and lipid-membrane proteins. Our review findings also indicate the possibility of membrane protein-lipid-metal ion interactions in regulating metal homeostasis in plant cells. In this review, we investigated the role of membrane proteins with specific substrate recognition in regulating cell metal homeostasis. The understanding of the possible interaction networks and upstream and downstream pathways is developed. In addition, possible interactions between membrane proteins, metal ions, and lipids are discussed to provide new ideas for studying metal homeostasis in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danxia Wu
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA;
| | - Tengbing He
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Institute of New Rural Development, West Campus, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Guandi He
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (G.H.)
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28
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Espinosa-Vellarino FL, Garrido I, Ortega A, Casimiro I, Espinosa F. Response to Antimony Toxicity in Dittrichia viscosa Plants: ROS, NO, H 2S, and the Antioxidant System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111698. [PMID: 34829569 PMCID: PMC8615290 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dittrichia viscosa plants were grown hydroponically with different concentrations of Sb. There was preferential accumulation of Sb in roots. Fe and Cu decreased, while Mn decreased in roots but not in leaves. Chlorophyll content declined, but the carotenoid content increased, and photosynthetic efficiency was unaltered. O2●− generation increased slightly, while lipid peroxidation increased only in roots. H2O2, NO, ONOO−, S-nitrosothiols, and H2S showed significant increases, and the enzymatic antioxidant system was altered. In roots, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR) activities declined, dehydroscorbate reductase (DHAR) rose, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POX), and glutathione reductase (GR) were unaffected. In leaves, SOD and POX increased, MDAR decreased, and APX was unaltered, while GR increased. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and l-cysteine desulfhydrilase (l-DES) increased in activity, while glutathione S-transferase (GST) decreased in leaves but was enhanced in roots. Components of the AsA/GSH cycle decreased. The great capacity of Dittrichia roots to accumulate Sb is the reason for the differing behaviour observed in the enzymatic antioxidant systems of the two organs. Sb appears to act by binding to thiol groups, which can alter free GSH content and SOD and GST activities. The coniferyl alcohol peroxidase activity increased, possibly to lignify the roots’ cell walls. Sb altered the ROS balance, especially with respect to H2O2. This led to an increase in NO and H2S acting on the antioxidant system to limit that Sb-induced redox imbalance. The interaction NO, H2S and H2O2 appears key to the response to stress induced by Sb. The interaction between ROS, NO, and H2S appears to be involved in the response to Sb.
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29
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Selim S, Abuelsoud W, Alsharari SS, Alowaiesh BF, Al-Sanea MM, Al Jaouni S, Madany MMY, AbdElgawad H. Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:915. [PMID: 34829204 PMCID: PMC8625288 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanadium (V) can be beneficial or toxic to plant growth and the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and V stress was rarely investigated at physiological and biochemical levels of plant groups (C3 and C4) and organs (roots and shoots). We tested the potential of AMF to alleviate the negative effects of V (350 mg V/Kg soil) on shoots and roots of rye and sorghum. Relative to sorghum (C4), rye (C3) showed higher levels of V and lower levels of key elements under V stress conditions. V inhibited growth, photosynthesis, and induced photorespiration (increased HDR & GO activities) and oxidative damage in both plants. AMF colonization reduced V stress by differently mitigating the oxidative stress in rye and sorghum. This mitigation was accompanied with increases in acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in plant roots and increased organic acids and polyphenols exudation into the soil, thus reduced V accumulation (29% and 58% in rye and sorghum shoot, respectively) and improved absorption of mineral nutrients including Ca, Mg and P. AMF colonization improved photosynthesis and increased the sugar accumulation and metabolism. Sugars also acted as a supplier of C skeletons for producing of antioxidants metabolite such as ascorbate. At the antioxidant level, rye was more responsive to the mitigating impact of AMF. Higher antioxidants and detoxification defence system (MTC, GST, phenolics, tocopherols and activities of CAT, SOD and POX) was recorded for rye, while sorghum (C4) improved its GR activity. The C3/C4-specificity was supported by principal component analysis. Together, this study provided both fundamental and applied insights into practical strategies to mitigate the phytotoxicity hazards of V in C3 and C4 grasses. Moreover, our results emphasize the importance of AMF as an environment-friendly factor to alleviate stress effects on plants and to improve growth and yield of unstressed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Abuelsoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (W.A.); (M.M.Y.M.)
| | - Salam S. Alsharari
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 72341, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (B.F.A.)
| | - Bassam F Alowaiesh
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 72341, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (B.F.A.)
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soad Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud M. Y. Madany
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (W.A.); (M.M.Y.M.)
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 41411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
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30
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Guo C, Lv L, Liu Y, Ji M, Zang E, Liu Q, Zhang M, Li M. Applied Analytical Methods for Detecting Heavy Metals in Medicinal Plants. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:339-359. [PMID: 34328385 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1953371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For thousands of years, medicinal plants (MPs) have been one of the main sources of drugs worldwide. However, recently, heavy metal pollution has seriously affected the quality and safety of MPs. Consuming MPs polluted by heavy metals such as Pb, Hg, and Cu significantly threaten the health of consumers. To manage this situation, the levels of heavy metals in MPs must be controlled. In recent years, this field has attracted significant attention, but few researchers have systematically summarized various analytical methods. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate methods that can accurately and effectively detect the amount of heavy metals in MPs. Herein, some important analytical methods used to detect heavy metals in MPs and their applications have been introduced and summarized in detail. These include atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic fluorescence spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, neutron activation analysis, and anodic stripping voltammetry. The characteristics of these methods were subsequently compared and analyzed. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and disposable electrochemical sensors have also been used for heavy metal detection in MPs. To elucidate the systematic and comprehensive information, these methods have also been briefly introduced in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Lijuan Lv
- Department of Basic Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Mingyue Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Erhuan Zang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Minhui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China.,Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of the Planting and Development of Astragalus Membranaceus of the Geoherbs, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
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31
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Hancock JT, Russell G. Downstream Signalling from Molecular Hydrogen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:367. [PMID: 33672953 PMCID: PMC7918658 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is now considered part of the suite of small molecules that can control cellular activity. As such, H2 has been suggested to be used in the therapy of diseases in humans and in plant science to enhance the growth and productivity of plants. Treatments of plants may involve the creation of hydrogen-rich water (HRW), which can then be applied to the foliage or roots systems of the plants. However, the molecular action of H2 remains elusive. It has been suggested that the presence of H2 may act as an antioxidant or on the antioxidant capacity of cells, perhaps through the scavenging of hydroxyl radicals. H2 may act through influencing heme oxygenase activity or through the interaction with reactive nitrogen species. However, controversy exists around all the mechanisms suggested. Here, the downstream mechanisms in which H2 may be involved are critically reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the H2 mitigation of stress responses. Hopefully, this review will provide insight that may inform future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Grace Russell
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
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