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Cui X, Jiao J, Yang L, Wang Y, Jiang W, Yu T, Li M, Zhang H, Chao B, Wang Z, Wu M. Advanced tumor organoid bioprinting strategy for oncology research. Mater Today Bio 2024; 28:101198. [PMID: 39205873 PMCID: PMC11357813 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is a groundbreaking technology that enables precise distribution of cell-containing bioinks to construct organoid models that accurately reflect the characteristics of tumors in vivo. By incorporating different types of tumor cells into the bioink, the heterogeneity of tumors can be replicated, enabling studies to simulate real-life situations closely. Precise reproduction of the arrangement and interactions of tumor cells using bioprinting methods provides a more realistic representation of the tumor microenvironment. By mimicking the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, the growth patterns and diffusion of tumors can be demonstrated. This approach can also be used to evaluate the response of tumors to drugs, including drug permeability and cytotoxicity, and other characteristics. Therefore, organoid models can provide a more accurate oncology research and treatment simulation platform. This review summarizes the latest advancements in bioprinting to construct tumor organoid models. First, we describe the bioink used for tumor organoid model construction, followed by an introduction to various bioprinting methods for tumor model formation. Subsequently, we provide an overview of existing bioprinted tumor organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangran Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Jianhang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Mufeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Bo Chao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Minfei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, 130041, PR China
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Khan A, Zaman M, Waqar MA, Mahmood A, Shaheer T, Sarfraz RM, Shahzadi K, Khan AA, Alanazi AM, Kundu MK, Islam MR, Alexiou A, Papadakis M. Sustained release delivery of favipiravir through statistically optimized, chemically cross-linked, pH-sensitive, swellable hydrogel. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 25:31. [PMID: 38685129 PMCID: PMC11057099 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-024-00752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current work, favipiravir (an antiviral drug) loaded pH-responsive polymeric hydrogels were developed by the free redical polymerization technique. Box-Behnken design method via Design Expert version 11 was employed to furnish the composition of all hydrogel formulations. Here, polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been utilized as a polymer, acrylic acid (AA) as a monomer, and potassium persulfate (KPS) and methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) as initiator and cross-linker, respectively. All networks were evaluated for in-vitro drug release (%), sol-gel fraction (%), swelling studies (%), porosity (%), percentage entrapment efficiency, and chemical compatibilities. According to findings, the swelling was pH sensitive and was shown to be greatest at a pH of 6.8 (2500%). The optimum gel fraction offered was 97.8%. A sufficient porosity allows the hydrogel to load a substantial amount of favipiravir despite its hydrophobic behavior. Hydrogels exhibited maximum entrapment efficiency of favipiravir upto 98%. The in-vitro release studies of drug-formulated hydrogel revealed that the drug release from hydrogel was between 85 to 110% within 24 h. Drug-release kinetic results showed that the Korsmeyer Peppas model was followed by most of the developed formulations based on the R2 value. In conclusion, the hydrogel-based technology proved to be an excellent option for creating the sustained-release dosage form of the antiviral drug favipiravir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Waqar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chakwal, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - Talal Shaheer
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Kanwal Shahzadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Md Rabiul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN, 37209, USA
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research and Development, Funogen, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research and Development, AFNP Med, Wien, 1030, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Klak M, Rachalewski M, Filip A, Dobrzański T, Berman A, Wszoła M. Bioprinting of Perfusable, Biocompatible Vessel-like Channels with dECM-Based Bioinks and Living Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:439. [PMID: 38790306 PMCID: PMC11117567 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the production of bioinks that on the one hand, are biocompatible and, on the other hand, have mechanical properties that allow for the production of stable constructs that can survive for a long time after transplantation. While the selection of the right material is crucial for bioprinting, there is another equally important issue that is currently being extensively researched-the incorporation of the vascular system into the fabricated scaffolds. Therefore, in the following manuscript, we present the results of research on bioink with unique physico-chemical and biological properties. In this article, two methods of seeding cells were tested using bioink B and seeding after bioprinting the whole model. After 2, 5, 8, or 24 h of incubation, the flow medium was used in the tested systems. At the end of the experimental trial, for each time variant, the canals were stored in formaldehyde, and immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the presence of cells on the canal walls and roof. Cells adhered to both ways of fiber arrangement; however, a parallel bioprint with the 5 h incubation and the intermediate plating of cells resulted in better adhesion efficiency. For this test variant, the percentage of cells that adhered was at least 20% higher than in the other analyzed variants. In addition, it was for this variant that the lowest percentage of viable cells was found that were washed out of the tested model. Importantly, hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that after 8 days of culture, the cells were evenly distributed throughout the canal roof. Our study clearly shows that neovascularization-promoting cells effectively adhere to ECM-based pancreatic bioink. Summarizing the presented results, it was demonstrated that the proposed bioink compositions can be used for bioprinting bionic organs with a vascular system formed by endothelial cells and fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Klak
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
- Polbionica sp. z o.o., 01-242 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Rachalewski
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
| | - Anna Filip
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
| | | | | | - Michał Wszoła
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
- Polbionica sp. z o.o., 01-242 Warsaw, Poland
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De Vitis E, Stanzione A, Romano A, Quattrini A, Gigli G, Moroni L, Gervaso F, Polini A. The Evolution of Technology-Driven In Vitro Models for Neurodegenerative Diseases. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304989. [PMID: 38366798 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The alteration in the neural circuits of both central and peripheral nervous systems is closely related to the onset of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Despite significant research efforts, the knowledge regarding NDD pathological processes, and the development of efficacious drugs are still limited due to the inability to access and reproduce the components of the nervous system and its intricate microenvironment. 2D culture systems are too simplistic to accurately represent the more complex and dynamic situation of cells in vivo and have therefore been surpassed by 3D systems. However, both models suffer from various limitations that can be overcome by employing two innovative technologies: organ-on-chip and 3D printing. In this review, an overview of the advantages and shortcomings of both microfluidic platforms and extracellular matrix-like biomaterials will be given. Then, the combination of microfluidics and hydrogels as a new synergistic approach to study neural disorders by analyzing the latest advances in 3D brain-on-chip for neurodegenerative research will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora De Vitis
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Antonella Stanzione
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Gervaso
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polini
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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Olajiga OM, Jameson SB, Carter BH, Wesson DM, Mitzel D, Londono-Renteria B. Artificial Feeding Systems for Vector-Borne Disease Studies. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:188. [PMID: 38534457 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
This review examines the advancements and methodologies of artificial feeding systems for the study of vector-borne diseases, offering a critical assessment of their development, advantages, and limitations relative to traditional live host models. It underscores the ethical considerations and practical benefits of such systems, including minimizing the use of live animals and enhancing experimental consistency. Various artificial feeding techniques are detailed, including membrane feeding, capillary feeding, and the utilization of engineered biocompatible materials, with their respective applications, efficacy, and the challenges encountered with their use also being outlined. This review also forecasts the integration of cutting-edge technologies like biomimicry, microfluidics, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence to refine and expand the capabilities of artificial feeding systems. These innovations aim to more accurately simulate natural feeding conditions, thereby improving the reliability of studies on the transmission dynamics of vector-borne diseases. This comprehensive review serves as a foundational reference for researchers in the field, proposing a forward-looking perspective on the potential of artificial feeding systems to revolutionize vector-borne disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka M Olajiga
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Samuel B Jameson
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Brendan H Carter
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Dawn M Wesson
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Dana Mitzel
- Animal Diseases Research Unit, National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Berlin Londono-Renteria
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Chaudhry MS, Czekanski A. Surface slicing and toolpath planning for in-situbioprinting of skin implants. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025030. [PMID: 38447215 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad30c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Bioprinting has emerged as a successful method for fabricating engineered tissue implants, offering great potential for wound healing applications. This study focuses on an advanced surface-based slicing approach aimed at designing a skin implant specifically forin-situbioprinting. The slicing step plays a crucial role in determining the layering arrangement of the tissue during printing. By utilizing surface slicing, a significant shift from planar fabrication methods is achieved. The developed methodology involves the utilization of a customized robotic printer to deliver biomaterials. A multilayer slicing and toolpath generation procedure is presented, enabling the fabrication of skin implants that incorporate the epidermal, dermal, and hypodermal layers. One notable advantage of using the approximate representation of the native wound site surface as the slicing surface is the avoidance of planar printing effects such as staircasing. This surface slicing method allows for the design of non-planar and ultra-thin skin implants, ensuring a higher degree of geometric match between the implant and the wound interface. Furthermore, the proposed methodology demonstrates superior surface quality of thein-situbio-printed implant on a hand model, validating its ability to create toolpaths on implants with complex surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksander Czekanski
- Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto M3J1P3, Canada
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Carpentier N, Parmentier L, Van der Meeren L, Skirtach AG, Dubruel P, Van Vlierberghe S. Optimization of hybrid gelatin-polysaccharide bioinks exploiting thiol-norbornene chemistry using a reducing additive. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025025. [PMID: 38266277 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Thiol-norbornene chemistry offers great potential in the field of hydrogel development, given its step growth crosslinking mechanism. However, limitations exist with regard to deposition-based bioprinting of thiol-containing hydrogels, associated with premature crosslinking of thiolated (bio)polymers resulting from disulfide formation in the presence of oxygen. More specifically, disulfide formation can result in an increase in viscosity thereby impeding the printing process. In the present work, hydrogels constituting norbornene-modified dextran (DexNB) combined with thiolated gelatin (GelSH) are selected as case study to explore the potential of incorporating the reducing agent tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), to prevent the formation of disulfides. We observed that, in addition to preventing disulfide formation, TCEP also contributed to premature, spontaneous thiol-norbornene crosslinking without the use of UV light as evidenced via1H-NMR spectroscopy. Herein, an optimal concentration of 25 mol% TCEP with respect to the amount of thiols was found, thereby limiting auto-gelation by both minimizing disulfide formation and spontaneous thiol-norbornene reaction. This concentration results in a constant viscosity during at least 24 h, a more homogeneous network being formed as evidenced using atomic force microscopy while retaining bioink biocompatibility as evidenced by a cell viability of human foreskin fibroblasts exceeding 70% according to ISO 10993-6:2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Carpentier
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurens Parmentier
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Louis Van der Meeren
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - André G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Wiebe-Ben Zakour KE, Kaya S, Matros JC, Hacker MC, Cheikh-Rouhou A, Spaniol K, Geerling G, Witt J. Enhancement of lacrimal gland cell function by decellularized lacrimal gland derived hydrogel. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025008. [PMID: 38241707 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable treatment of aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE) represents an unmet medical need and therefore requires new curative and regenerative approaches based on appropriatein vitromodels. Tissue specific hydrogels retain the individual biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix and thus promote the inherent cell´s physiological function. Hence, we created a decellularized lacrimal gland (LG) hydrogel (dLG-HG) meeting the requirements for a bioink as the basis of a LG model with potential forin vitroADDE studies. Varying hydrolysis durations were compared to obtain dLG-HG with best possible physical and ultrastructural properties while preserving the original biochemical composition. A particular focus was placed on dLG-HG´s impact on viability and functionality of LG associated cell types with relevance for a futurein vitromodel in comparison to the unspecific single component hydrogel collagen type-I (Col) and the common cell culture substrate Matrigel. Proliferation of LG epithelial cells (EpC), LG mesenchymal stem cells, and endothelial cells cultured on dLG-HG was enhanced compared to culture on Matrigel. Most importantly with respect to a functionalin vitromodel, the secretion capacity of EpC cultured on dLG-HG was higher than that of EpC cultured on Col or Matrigel. In addition to these promising cell related properties, a rapid matrix metalloproteinase-dependent biodegradation was observed, which on the one hand suggests a lively cell-matrix interaction, but on the other hand limits the cultivation period. Concluding, dLG-HG possesses decisive properties for the tissue engineering of a LGin vitromodel such as cytocompatibility and promotion of secretion, making it superior to unspecific cell culture substrates. However, deceleration of biodegradation should be addressed in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina E Wiebe-Ben Zakour
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sema Kaya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia C Matros
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Amina Cheikh-Rouhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kristina Spaniol
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Geerling
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Joana Witt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Cross-Najafi AA, Farag K, Chen AM, Smith LJ, Zhang W, Li P, Ekser B. The Long Road to Develop Custom-built Livers: Current Status of 3D Liver Bioprinting. Transplantation 2024; 108:357-368. [PMID: 37322580 PMCID: PMC10724374 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although liver transplantation is the gold-standard therapy for end-stage liver disease, the shortage of suitable organs results in only 25% of waitlisted patients undergoing transplants. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging technology and a potential solution for personalized medicine applications. This review highlights existing 3D bioprinting technologies of liver tissues, current anatomical and physiological limitations to 3D bioprinting of a whole liver, and recent progress bringing this innovation closer to clinical use. We reviewed updated literature across multiple facets in 3D bioprinting, comparing laser, inkjet, and extrusion-based printing modalities, scaffolded versus scaffold-free systems, development of an oxygenated bioreactor, and challenges in establishing long-term viability of hepatic parenchyma and incorporating structurally and functionally robust vasculature and biliary systems. Advancements in liver organoid models have also increased their complexity and utility for liver disease modeling, pharmacologic testing, and regenerative medicine. Recent developments in 3D bioprinting techniques have improved the speed, anatomical, and physiological accuracy, and viability of 3D-bioprinted liver tissues. Optimization focusing on 3D bioprinting of the vascular system and bile duct has improved both the structural and functional accuracy of these models, which will be critical in the successful expansion of 3D-bioprinted liver tissues toward transplantable organs. With further dedicated research, patients with end-stage liver disease may soon be recipients of customized 3D-bioprinted livers, reducing or eliminating the need for immunosuppressive regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A. Cross-Najafi
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kristine Farag
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Angela M. Chen
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lester J. Smith
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University of School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- 3D Bioprinting Core, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Burcin Ekser
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Rovelli R, Cecchini B, Zavagna L, Azimi B, Ricci C, Esin S, Milazzo M, Batoni G, Danti S. Emerging Multiscale Biofabrication Approaches for Bacteriotherapy. Molecules 2024; 29:533. [PMID: 38276612 PMCID: PMC10821506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriotherapy is emerging as a strategic and effective approach to treat infections by providing putatively harmless bacteria (i.e., probiotics) as antagonists to pathogens. Proper delivery of probiotics or their metabolites (i.e., post-biotics) can facilitate their availing of biomaterial encapsulation via innovative manufacturing technologies. This review paper aims to provide the most recent biomaterial-assisted strategies proposed to treat infections or dysbiosis using bacteriotherapy. We revised the encapsulation processes across multiscale biomaterial approaches, which could be ideal for targeting different tissues and suit diverse therapeutic opportunities. Hydrogels, and specifically polysaccharides, are the focus of this review, as they have been reported to better sustain the vitality of the live cells incorporated. Specifically, the approaches used for fabricating hydrogel-based devices with increasing dimensionality (D)-namely, 0D (i.e., particles), 1D (i.e., fibers), 2D (i.e., fiber meshes), and 3D (i.e., scaffolds)-endowed with probiotics, were detailed by describing their advantages and challenges, along with a future overlook in the field. Electrospinning, electrospray, and 3D bioprinting were investigated as new biofabrication methods for probiotic encapsulation within multidimensional matrices. Finally, examples of biomaterial-based systems for cell and possibly post-biotic release were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rovelli
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy (B.A.)
| | - Beatrice Cecchini
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy (B.A.)
| | - Lorenzo Zavagna
- PEGASO Doctoral School of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Bahareh Azimi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy (B.A.)
| | - Claudio Ricci
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy (B.A.)
| | - Semih Esin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.E.); (G.B.)
| | - Mario Milazzo
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy (B.A.)
| | - Giovanna Batoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.E.); (G.B.)
| | - Serena Danti
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy (B.A.)
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Bindi B, Perioli A, Melo P, Mattu C, Ferreira AM. Bioinspired Collagen/Hyaluronic Acid/Fibrin-Based Hydrogels for Soft Tissue Engineering: Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Characterization. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:495. [PMID: 37888160 PMCID: PMC10607851 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for future drug development comprises finding alternative models for drug screening. The use of animal models in research is highly controversial, with an ongoing debate on their ethical acceptability. Also, animal models are often poorly predictive of therapeutic outcomes due to the differences between animal and human physiological environments. In this study, we aimed to develop a biomimetic hydrogel that replicates the composition of skin for potential use in in vitro modeling within tissue engineering. The hydrogel was fabricated through the crosslinking of collagen type I, hyaluronic acid, four-arm PEG succinimidyl glutarate (4S-StarPEG), and fibrinogen. Various ratios of these components were systematically optimized to achieve a well-interconnected porosity and desirable rheological properties. To evaluate the hydrogel's cytocompatibility, fibroblasts were embedded within the matrix. The resulting hydrogel exhibited promising properties as a scaffold, also facilitating the growth of and proliferation of the cells. This biomimetic hydrogel holds great potential for tissue engineering applications, particularly in skin regeneration and cancer research. The study used melanoma spheroids fabricated using the 96-round bottom well plate method as a potential application. The results demonstrate that the developed hydrogels allowed the maintenance of spheroid integrity and viability, meaning it has a promising use as a three-dimensional in vitro model of melanoma for both tissue engineering and drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bindi
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Annalisa Perioli
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Priscila Melo
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Clara Mattu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Ana Marina Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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12
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Peyret C, Elkhoury K, Bouguet-Bonnet S, Poinsignon S, Boulogne C, Giraud T, Stefan L, Tahri Y, Sanchez-Gonzalez L, Linder M, Tamayol A, Kahn CJ, Arab-Tehrany E. Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogel Scaffolds: Predicting Physical Properties Using an Experimental Design Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13359. [PMID: 37686165 PMCID: PMC10487574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest for complex in vitro environments that closely mimic the extracellular matrix and allow cells to grow in microenvironments that are closer to the one in vivo. Protein-based matrices and especially hydrogels can answer this need, thanks to their similarity with the cell microenvironment and their ease of customization. In this study, an experimental design was conducted to study the influence of synthesis parameters on the physical properties of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA). Temperature, ratio of methacrylic anhydride over gelatin, rate of addition, and stirring speed of the reaction were studied using a Doehlert matrix. Their impact on the following parameters was analyzed: degree of substitution, mass swelling ratio, storage modulus (log(G')), and compression modulus. This study highlights that the most impactful parameter was the ratio of methacrylic anhydride over gelatin. Although, temperature affected the degree of substitution, and methacrylic anhydride addition flow rate impacted the gel's physical properties, namely, its storage modulus and compression modulus. Moreover, this experimental design proposed a theoretical model that described the variation of GelMA's physical characteristics as a function of synthesis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tristan Giraud
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPM, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Loïc Stefan
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPM, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Yasmina Tahri
- Université de Lorraine, LIBio, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Michel Linder
- Université de Lorraine, LIBio, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Elmira Arab-Tehrany
- Université de Lorraine, LIBio, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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13
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House A, Cornick J, Butt Q, Guvendiren M. Elastomeric platform with surface wrinkling patterns to control cardiac cell alignment. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1228-1242. [PMID: 36762538 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in creating 2D cardiac tissue models that display native extracellular matrix (ECM) cues of the heart tissue. Cellular alignment alone is known to be a crucial cue for cardiac tissue development by regulating cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions. In this study, we report a simple and robust approach to create lamellar surface wrinkling patterns enabling spatial control of pattern dimensions with a wide range of pattern amplitude (A ≈ 2-55 μm) and wavelength (λ ≈ 35-100 μm). For human cardiomyocytes (hCMs) and human cardiac fibroblasts (hCFs), our results indicate that the degree of cellular alignment and pattern recognition are correlated with pattern A and λ. We also demonstrate fabrication of devices composed of micro-well arrays with user-defined lamellar patterns on the bottom surface of each well for high-throughput screening studies. Results from a screening study indicate that cellular alignment is strongly diminished with increasing seeding density. In another study, we show our ability to vary hCM/hCF seeding ratio for each well to create co-culture systems where seeding ratio is independent of cellular alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew House
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jason Cornick
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Quratulain Butt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Murat Guvendiren
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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14
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Gerardo-Nava JL, Jansen J, Günther D, Klasen L, Thiebes AL, Niessing B, Bergerbit C, Meyer AA, Linkhorst J, Barth M, Akhyari P, Stingl J, Nagel S, Stiehl T, Lampert A, Leube R, Wessling M, Santoro F, Ingebrandt S, Jockenhoevel S, Herrmann A, Fischer H, Wagner W, Schmitt RH, Kiessling F, Kramann R, De Laporte L. Transformative Materials to Create 3D Functional Human Tissue Models In Vitro in a Reproducible Manner. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301030. [PMID: 37311209 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recreating human tissues and organs in the petri dish to establish models as tools in biomedical sciences has gained momentum. These models can provide insight into mechanisms of human physiology, disease onset, and progression, and improve drug target validation, as well as the development of new medical therapeutics. Transformative materials play an important role in this evolution, as they can be programmed to direct cell behavior and fate by controlling the activity of bioactive molecules and material properties. Using nature as an inspiration, scientists are creating materials that incorporate specific biological processes observed during human organogenesis and tissue regeneration. This article presents the reader with state-of-the-art developments in the field of in vitro tissue engineering and the challenges related to the design, production, and translation of these transformative materials. Advances regarding (stem) cell sources, expansion, and differentiation, and how novel responsive materials, automated and large-scale fabrication processes, culture conditions, in situ monitoring systems, and computer simulations are required to create functional human tissue models that are relevant and efficient for drug discovery, are described. This paper illustrates how these different technologies need to converge to generate in vitro life-like human tissue models that provide a platform to answer health-based scientific questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Gerardo-Nava
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology and Department of Medicine 2, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Günther
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Laura Klasen
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastian Niessing
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT, Steinbachstraße 17, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Cédric Bergerbit
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna A Meyer
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - John Linkhorst
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Barth
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Payam Akhyari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Stingl
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of RWTH, Wendlingweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Saskia Nagel
- Applied Ethics Group, RWTH Aachen University, Theaterplatz 14, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiehl
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine - Disease Modeling, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Neurohysiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52057, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Neuroelectronic Interfaces Research Group, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Ingebrandt
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 18, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert H Schmitt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT, Steinbachstraße 17, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Campus-boulevard 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology and Department of Medicine 2, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Laura De Laporte
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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15
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Rijal G. Bioinks of Natural Biomaterials for Printing Tissues. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:705. [PMID: 37370636 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinks are inks-in other words, hydrogels-prepared from biomaterials with certain physiochemical properties together with cells to establish hierarchically complex biological 3D scaffolds through various 3D bioprinting technologies [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Girdhari Rijal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health and Nutrition Science, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
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16
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Hou YC, Cui X, Qin Z, Su C, Zhang G, Tang JN, Li JA, Zhang JY. Three-dimensional bioprinting of artificial blood vessel: Process, bioinks, and challenges. Int J Bioprint 2023; 9:740. [PMID: 37323481 PMCID: PMC10261152 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronary artery bypass grafting is a main treatment for restoring the blood supply to the ischemic site by bypassing the narrow part, thereby improving the heart function of the patients. Autologous blood vessels are preferred in coronary artery bypass grafting, but their availability is often limited by due to the underlying disease. Thus, tissue-engineered vascular grafts that are devoid of thrombosis and have mechanical properties comparable to those of natural vessels are urgently required for clinical applications. Most of the commercially available artificial implants are made from polymers, which are prone to thrombosis and restenosis. The biomimetic artificial blood vessel containing vascular tissue cells is the most ideal implant material. Due to its precision control ability, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising method to prepare biomimetic system. In the 3D bioprinting process, the bioink is at the core state for building the topological structure and keeping the cell viable. Therefore, in this review, the basic properties and viable materials of the bioink are discussed, and the research of natural polymers in bioink, including decellularized extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid, and collagen, is emphasized. Besides, the advantages of alginate and Pluronic F127, which are the mainstream sacrificial material during the preparation of artificial vascular graft, are also reviewed. Finally, an overview of the applications in the field of artificial blood vessel is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chen Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Nan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing-An Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering and Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy and Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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17
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Xuan Z, Peng Q, Larsen T, Gurevich L, de Claville Christiansen J, Zachar V, Pennisi CP. Tailoring Hydrogel Composition and Stiffness to Control Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation in Bioprinted Constructs. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:199-212. [PMID: 36401768 PMCID: PMC10070577 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliable in vitro cellular models are needed to study the phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in health and disease. The aim of this study was to optimize gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/alginate hydrogels for bioprinting three-dimensional (3D) SMC constructs. METHODS Four different hydrogel groups were prepared by mixing different concentrations (% w/v) of GelMA and alginate: G1 (5/1.5), G2 (5/3), G3 (7.5/1.5), and G4 (7.5/3). GelMA 10% was used as control (G5). A circular structure containing human bladder SMCs was fabricated by using an extrusion-based bioprinter. The effects of the mixing ratios on printability, viability, proliferation, and differentiation of the cells were investigated. RESULTS Rheological analysis showed that the addition of alginate significantly stabilized the change in mechanical properties with temperature variations. The group with the highest GelMA and alginate concentrations (G4) exhibited the highest viscosity, resulting in better stability of the 3D construct after crosslinking. Compared to other hydrogel compositions, cells in G4 maintained high viability (> 80%), exhibited spindle-shaped morphology, and showed a significantly higher proliferation rate within an 8-day period. More importantly, G4 provided an optimal environment for the induction of a SMC contractile phenotype, as evidenced by significant changes in the expression of marker proteins and morphological parameters. CONCLUSION Adjusting the composition of GelMA/alginate hydrogels is an effective means of controlling the SMC phenotype. These hydrogels support bioprinting of 3D models to study phenotypic smooth muscle adaptation, with the prospect of using the constructs in the study of therapies for the treatment of urethral strictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzhe Xuan
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Qiuyue Peng
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas Larsen
- Materials Science and Engineering Group, Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 103, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Leonid Gurevich
- Materials Science and Engineering Group, Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 103, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jesper de Claville Christiansen
- Materials Science and Engineering Group, Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 103, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Vladimir Zachar
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
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18
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Ihsan AB, Imran AB, Susan MABH. Advanced Functional Polymers: Properties and Supramolecular Phenomena in Hydrogels and Polyrotaxane-based Materials. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2023; 6:79-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-022-00460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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19
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3D Bioprinting Technology and Hydrogels Used in the Process. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040214. [PMID: 36412855 PMCID: PMC9680466 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting has gained visibility in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to its applicability. Over time, this technology has been optimized and adapted to ensure a better printability of bioinks and biomaterial inks, contributing to developing structures that mimic human anatomy. Therefore, cross-linked polymeric materials, such as hydrogels, have been highly targeted for the elaboration of bioinks, as they guarantee cell proliferation and adhesion. Thus, this short review offers a brief evolution of the 3D bioprinting technology and elucidates the main hydrogels used in the process.
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20
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Antezana PE, Municoy S, Orive G, Desimone MF. Design of a New 3D Gelatin-Alginate Scaffold Loaded with Cannabis sativa Oil. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4506. [PMID: 36365500 PMCID: PMC9658303 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing medical need for the development of new materials that could replace damaged organs, improve healing of critical wounds or provide the environment required for the formation of a new healthy tissue. The three-dimensional (3D) printing approach has emerged to overcome several of the major deficiencies of tissue engineering. The use of Cannabis sativa as a therapy for some diseases has spread throughout the world thanks to its benefits for patients. In this work, we developed a bioink made with gelatin and alginate that was able to be printed using an extrusion 3D bioprinter. The scaffolds obtained were lyophilized, characterized and the swelling was assessed. In addition, the scaffolds were loaded with Cannabis sativa oil extract. The presence of the extract provided antimicrobial and antioxidant activity to the 3D scaffolds. Altogether, our results suggest that the new biocompatible material printed with 3D technology and with the addition of Cannabis sativa oil could become an attractive alternative to common treatments of soft-tissue infections and wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Edmundo Antezana
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sofía Municoy
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Martín Federico Desimone
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
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Prabhakaran P, Palaniyandi T, Kanagavalli B, Ram Kumar V, Hari R, Sandhiya V, Baskar G, Rajendran BK, Sivaji A. Prospect and retrospect of 3D bio-printing. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151932. [PMID: 36027838 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
3D bioprinting has become a popular medical technique in recent years. The most compelling rationale for the development of 3D bioprinting is the paucity of biological structures required for the rehabilitation of missing organs and tissues. They're useful in a multitude of domains, including disease modelling, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, drug discovery with testing, personalised medicine, organ development, toxicity studies, and implants. Bioprinting requires a range of bioprinting technologies and bioinks to finish their procedure, that Inkjet-based bioprinting, extrusion-based bioprinting, laser-assisted bioprinting, stereolithography-based bioprinting, and in situ bioprinting are some of the technologies listed here. Bioink is a 3D printing material that is used to construct engineered artificial living tissue. It can be constructed solely for cells, but it usually includes a carrier substance that envelops the cells, then there's Agarose-based bioinks, alginate-based bioinks, collagen-based bioinks, and hyaluronic acid-based bioinks, to name a few. Here we presented about the different bioprinting methods with the use of bioinks in it and then Prospected over various applications in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Prabhakaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - Thirunavukkarsu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Reseach Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - B Kanagavalli
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - V Ram Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - Rajeswari Hari
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - V Sandhiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | | | - Asha Sivaji
- Department of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, Vellore, India
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22
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Jain P, Kathuria H, Dubey N. Advances in 3D bioprinting of tissues/organs for regenerative medicine and in-vitro models. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121639. [PMID: 35779481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue/organ shortage is a major medical challenge due to donor scarcity and patient immune rejections. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict or mimic the human disease condition in animal models during preclinical studies because disease phenotype differs between humans and animals. Three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP) is evolving into an unparalleled multidisciplinary technology for engineering three-dimensional (3D) biological tissue with complex architecture and composition. The technology has emerged as a key driver by precise deposition and assembly of biomaterials with patient's/donor cells. This advancement has aided in the successful fabrication of in vitro models, preclinical implants, and tissue/organs-like structures. Here, we critically reviewed the current state of 3D-bioprinting strategies for regenerative therapy in eight organ systems, including nervous, cardiovascular, skeletal, integumentary, endocrine and exocrine, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary systems. We also focus on the application of 3D bioprinting to fabricated in vitro models to study cancer, infection, drug testing, and safety assessment. The concept of in situ 3D bioprinting is discussed, which is the direct printing of tissues at the injury or defect site for reparative and regenerative therapy. Finally, issues such as scalability, immune response, and regulatory approval are discussed, as well as recently developed tools and technologies such as four-dimensional and convergence bioprinting. In addition, information about clinical trials using 3D printing has been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Himanshu Kathuria
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore; Nusmetic Pte Ltd, Makerspace, I4 Building, 3 Research Link Singapore, 117602, Singapore.
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; ORCHIDS: Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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23
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Amukarimi S, Rezvani Z, Eghtesadi N, Mozafari M. Smart biomaterials: From 3D printing to 4D bioprinting. Methods 2022; 205:191-199. [PMID: 35810960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This century is blessed with enhanced medical facilities on the grounds of the development of smart biomaterials. The rise of the four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting technology is a shining example. Using inert biomaterials as the bioinks for the three-dimensional (3D) printing process, static objects that might not be able to mimic the dynamic nature of tissues would be fabricated; by contrast, 4D bioprinting can be used for the fabrication of stimuli-responsive cell-laden structures that can evolve with time and enable engineered tissues to undergo morphological changes in a pre-planned way. For all the aptitude of 4D bioprinting technology in tissue engineering, it is imperative to select suitable stimuli-responsive biomaterials with cell-supporting functionalities and responsiveness; as a result, in this article, recent advances and challenges in smart biomaterials for 4D bioprinting are briefly discussed. An overview perspective concerning the latest developments in 4D-bioprinting is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukufe Amukarimi
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezvani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Neda Eghtesadi
- Inorganic Chemistry Group, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Herminghaus A, Kozlov AV, Szabó A, Hantos Z, Gylstorff S, Kuebart A, Aghapour M, Wissuwa B, Walles T, Walles H, Coldewey SM, Relja B. A Barrier to Defend - Models of Pulmonary Barrier to Study Acute Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:895100. [PMID: 35874776 PMCID: PMC9300899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.895100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary diseases represent four out of ten most common causes for worldwide mortality. Thus, pulmonary infections with subsequent inflammatory responses represent a major public health concern. The pulmonary barrier is a vulnerable entry site for several stress factors, including pathogens such as viruses, and bacteria, but also environmental factors e.g. toxins, air pollutants, as well as allergens. These pathogens or pathogen-associated molecular pattern and inflammatory agents e.g. damage-associated molecular pattern cause significant disturbances in the pulmonary barrier. The physiological and biological functions, as well as the architecture and homeostatic maintenance of the pulmonary barrier are highly complex. The airway epithelium, denoting the first pulmonary barrier, encompasses cells releasing a plethora of chemokines and cytokines, and is further covered with a mucus layer containing antimicrobial peptides, which are responsible for the pathogen clearance. Submucosal antigen-presenting cells and neutrophilic granulocytes are also involved in the defense mechanisms and counterregulation of pulmonary infections, and thus may directly affect the pulmonary barrier function. The detailed understanding of the pulmonary barrier including its architecture and functions is crucial for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic treatment strategies of pulmonary diseases. Thus, considering multiple side effects and limited efficacy of current therapeutic treatment strategies in patients with inflammatory diseases make experimental in vitro and in vivo models necessary to improving clinical therapy options. This review describes existing models for studyying the pulmonary barrier function under acute inflammatory conditions, which are meant to improve the translational approaches for outcome predictions, patient monitoring, and treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Herminghaus
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrey V. Kozlov
- L Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology in Cooperation with AUVA and Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Human Pathology , IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrea Szabó
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hantos
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Severin Gylstorff
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kuebart
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Mahyar Aghapour
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bianka Wissuwa
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Septomics Research Centre, Centre for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Thorsten Walles
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Magdeburg University Medicine, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Core Facility Tissue Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sina M. Coldewey
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Septomics Research Centre, Centre for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Borna Relja,
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25
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Choe G, Lee M, Oh S, Seok JM, Kim J, Im S, Park SA, Lee JY. Three-dimensional bioprinting of mesenchymal stem cells using an osteoinductive bioink containing alginate and BMP-2-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212789. [PMID: 35929321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels mimicking the physicochemical properties of the native extracellular matrix have attracted great attention as bioinks for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting in tissue engineering applications. Alginate is a widely used bioink with beneficial properties of fast gelation and biocompatibility; however, bioprinting using alginate-based bioinks has several limitations, such as poor printability, structural instability, and limited biological activities. To address these issues, we formulated various bioinks using bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and alginate for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) printing and induction of osteogenic differentiation. Incorporation of PLGA nanoparticles into alginate could enhance the mechanical properties and printability of the bioink. In particular, Alg/NPN30 (30 mg/mL PLGA nanoparticles and 3% w/v alginate) was most suitable for 3D printing with respect to printability and stability. BMP-2-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (NPBMP-2) displayed sustained in vitro release of BMP-2 for up to two weeks. Further in vitro studies indicated that bioinks composed of alginate and NPBMP-2 significantly induced osteogenesis of the MSCs compared with other controls, evidenced by enhanced calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity, and gene expression of osteogenic markers. Our novel bioink consisting of widely used biocompatible components displays good printability, stability, and osteogenic inductivity, and holds strong potential for cell printing and bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goeun Choe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgi Oh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Seok
- Nano Convergence & Manufacturing Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Im
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea; Nano Convergence & Manufacturing Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Nano Convergence & Manufacturing Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Maji S, Lee H. Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2662. [PMID: 35269803 PMCID: PMC8910155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and functionality. The recent paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering toward the development of 3D in vitro models can be realized with its myriad of applications, including drug screening, developing alternative diagnostics, and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are considered the most suitable biomaterial for developing an in vitro model owing to their similarity in features to the extracellular microenvironment of native tissue. In this review article, recent progress in the use of hydrogel-based biomaterial for the development of 3D in vitro biomimetic tissue models is highlighted. Discussions of hydrogel sources and the latest hybrid system with different combinations of biopolymers are also presented. The hydrogel crosslinking mechanism and design consideration are summarized, followed by different types of available hydrogel module systems along with recent microfabrication technologies. We also present the latest developments in engineering hydrogel-based 3D in vitro models targeting specific tissues. Finally, we discuss the challenges surrounding current in vitro platforms and 3D models in the light of future perspectives for an improved biomimetic in vitro organ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Maji
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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27
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Kim D, Kim M, Lee J, Jang J. Review on Multicomponent Hydrogel Bioinks Based on Natural Biomaterials for Bioprinting 3D Liver Tissues. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:764682. [PMID: 35237569 PMCID: PMC8884173 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.764682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D)-printed in vitro tissue models have been used in various biomedical fields owing to numerous advantages such as enhancements in cell response and functionality. In liver tissue engineering, several studies have been reported using 3D-printed liver tissue models with improved cellular responses and functions in drug screening, liver disease, and liver regenerative medicine. However, the application of conventional single-component bioinks for the printing of 3D in vitro liver constructs remains problematic because of the complex structural and physiological characteristics of the liver. The use of multicomponent bioinks has become an attractive strategy for bioprinting 3D functional in vitro liver tissue models because of the various advantages of multicomponent bioinks, such as improved mechanical properties of the printed tissue construct and cell functionality. Therefore, it is essential to review various 3D bioprinting techniques and multicomponent hydrogel bioinks proposed for liver tissue engineering to suggest future directions for liver tissue engineering. Accordingly, we herein review multicomponent bioinks for 3D-bioprinted liver tissues. We first describe the fabrication methods capable of printing multicomponent bioinks and introduce considerations for bioprinting. We subsequently categorize and evaluate the materials typically utilized for multicomponent bioinks based on their characteristics. In addition, we also review recent studies for the application of multicomponent bioinks to fabricate in vitro liver tissue models. Finally, we discuss the limitations of current studies and emphasize aspects that must be resolved to enhance the future applicability of such bioinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daekeun Kim
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, South Korea
- Department of Aeronautics, Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, South Korea
| | - Jongwan Lee
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Jinah Jang
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Chae S, Kim J, Yi HG, Cho DW. 3D Bioprinting of an In Vitro Model of a Biomimetic Urinary Bladder with a Contract-Release System. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:277. [PMID: 35208401 PMCID: PMC8877589 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of curative therapy for bladder dysfunction is usually hampered owing to the lack of reliable ex vivo human models that can mimic the complexity of the human bladder. To overcome this issue, 3D in vitro model systems offering unique opportunities to engineer realistic human tissues/organs have been developed. However, existing in vitro models still cannot entirely reflect the key structural and physiological characteristics of the native human bladder. In this study, we propose an in vitro model of the urinary bladder that can create 3D biomimetic tissue structures and dynamic microenvironments to replicate the smooth muscle functions of an actual human urinary bladder. In other words, the proposed biomimetic model system, developed using a 3D bioprinting approach, can recreate the physiological motion of the urinary bladder by incorporating decellularized extracellular matrix from the bladder tissue and introducing cyclic mechanical stimuli. The results showed that the developed bladder tissue models exhibited high cell viability and proliferation rate and promoted myogenic differentiation potential given dynamic mechanical cues. We envision the developed in vitro bladder mimicry model can serve as a research platform for fundamental studies on human disease modeling and pharmaceutical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhun Chae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (S.C.); (J.K.)
| | - Jaewook Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (S.C.); (J.K.)
| | - Hee-Gyeong Yi
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (S.C.); (J.K.)
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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29
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Bilici C, Tatar AG, Senturk E, Dikyol C, Koc B. Bisulfite-initiated crosslinking of gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels for embedded 3D bioprinting. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac4dd9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent studies on three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of cell-laden gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have provided promising outcomes for tissue engineering applications. However, the reliance on the use of photo-induced gelation processes for the bioprinting of GelMA and the lack of an alternative crosslinking process remain major challenges for the fabrication of cell-laden structures. Here, we present a novel crosslinking approach to form cell-laden GelMA hydrogel constructs through 3D embedded bioprinting without using any external irradiation that could drastically affect cell viability and functionality. This approach consists of a one-step type of crosslinking via bisulfite-initiated radical polymerization, which is combined with embedded bioprinting technology to improve the structural complexity of printed structures. By this means, complex-shaped hydrogel bio-structures with cell viability higher than 90 % were successfully printed within a support bath including sodium bisulfite. This study offers an important alternative to other photo-induced gelation processes to improve the bio-fabrication of GelMA hydrogel with high cell viability.
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30
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Trubelja A, Kasper FK, Farach-Carson MC, Harrington DA. Bringing hydrogel-based craniofacial therapies to the clinic. Acta Biomater 2022; 138:1-20. [PMID: 34743044 PMCID: PMC9234983 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the evolution of the use of hydrogels for craniofacial soft tissue engineering, ranging in complexity from acellular injectable fillers to fabricated, cell-laden constructs with complex compositions and architectures. Addressing both in situ and ex vivo approaches, tissue restoration secondary to trauma or tumor resection is discussed. Beginning with relatively simple epithelia of oral mucosa and gingiva, then moving to more functional units like vocal cords or soft tissues with multilayer branched structures, such as salivary glands, various approaches are presented toward the design of function-driven architectures, inspired by native tissue organization. Multiple tissue replacement paradigms are presented here, including the application of hydrogels as structural materials and as delivery platforms for cells and/or therapeutics. A practical hierarchy is proposed for hydrogel systems in craniofacial applications, based on their material and cellular complexity, spatial order, and biological cargo(s). This hierarchy reflects the regulatory complexity dictated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States prior to commercialization of these systems for use in humans. The wide array of available biofabrication methods, ranging from simple syringe extrusion of a biomaterial to light-based spatial patterning for complex architectures, is considered within the history of FDA-approved commercial therapies. Lastly, the review assesses the impact of these regulatory pathways on the translational potential of promising pre-clinical technologies for craniofacial applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: While many commercially available hydrogel-based products are in use for the craniofacial region, most are simple formulations that either are applied topically or injected into tissue for aesthetic purposes. The academic literature previews many exciting applications that harness the versatility of hydrogels for craniofacial soft tissue engineering. One of the most exciting developments in the field is the emergence of advanced biofabrication methods to design complex hydrogel systems that can promote the functional or structural repair of tissues. To date, no clinically available hydrogel-based therapy takes full advantage of current pre-clinical advances. This review surveys the increasing complexity of the current landscape of available clinical therapies and presents a framework for future expanded use of hydrogels with an eye toward translatability and U.S. regulatory approval for craniofacial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alen Trubelja
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - F Kurtis Kasper
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, United States
| | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States; Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Daniel A Harrington
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States; Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States.
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31
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Bertassoni LE. Bioprinting of Complex Multicellular Organs with Advanced Functionality-Recent Progress and Challenges Ahead. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2101321. [PMID: 35060652 PMCID: PMC10171718 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting has emerged as one of the most promising strategies for fabrication of functional organs in the lab as an alternative to transplant organs. While progress in the field has mostly been restricted to a few miniaturized tissues with minimal biological functionality until a few years ago, recent progress has advanced the concept of building three-dimensional multicellular organ complexity remarkably. This review discusses a series of milestones that have paved the way for bioprinting of tissue constructs that have advanced levels of biological and architectural functionality. Critical materials, engineering and biological challenges that are key to addressing the desirable function of engineered organs are presented. These are discussed in light of the many difficulties to replicate the heterotypic organization of multicellular solid organs, the nanoscale precision of the extracellular microenvironment in hierarchical tissues, as well as the advantages and limitations of existing bioprinting methods to adequately overcome these barriers. In summary, the advances of the field toward realistic manufacturing of functional organs have never been so extensive, and this manuscript serves as a road map for some of the recent progress and the challenges ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz E Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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32
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Choi YJ, Cho DW, Lee H. Development of Silk Fibroin Scaffolds by Using Indirect 3D-Bioprinting Technology. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:mi13010043. [PMID: 35056208 PMCID: PMC8779165 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Due to the excellent biocompatibility of natural polymers, a variety of natural polymers have been widely used as biomaterials for manufacturing tissue engineered scaffolds. Despite the excellent biological activity of natural polymers, there have been obstacles in using them on their own to prepare 3D scaffolds with sufficient mechanical strength. Although multiple 3D-bioprinting technologies have recently emerged as effective manufacturing tools for scaffold preparation, scaffold preparation using only natural polymers with tunable mechanical properties is still difficult. Herein, we introduce novel scaffold fabrication methods using the natural polymer silk fibroin via indirect 3D-bioprinting technology. The developed silk fibroin scaffolds showed biocompatibility and tunable mechanical strength by changing the concentration of the silk fibroin. Furthermore, controlling the flexibility of the silk fibroin scaffolds was made possible by changing the solvent for the silk fibroin solution used to fabricate the scaffold. Consequently, silk fibroin scaffolds fabricated via our method can be considered for various applications in the bioengineering of either soft or musculoskeletal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Jin Choi
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797, Changwon-daero, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si 51508, Korea;
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-W.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), 1 Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth-Machinery Convergence Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), 1 Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-W.C.); (H.L.)
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EL-Ghoul Y, Alminderej FM, Alsubaie FM, Alrasheed R, Almousa NH. Recent Advances in Functional Polymer Materials for Energy, Water, and Biomedical Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4327. [PMID: 34960878 PMCID: PMC8708011 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Academic research regarding polymeric materials has been of great interest. Likewise, polymer industries are considered as the most familiar petrochemical industries. Despite the valuable and continuous advancements in various polymeric material technologies over the last century, many varieties and advances related to the field of polymer science and engineering still promise a great potential for exciting new applications. Research, development, and industrial support have been the key factors behind the great progress in the field of polymer applications. This work provides insight into the recent energy applications of polymers, including energy storage and production. The study of polymeric materials in the field of enhanced oil recovery and water treatment technologies will be presented and evaluated. In addition, in this review, we wish to emphasize the great importance of various functional polymers as effective adsorbents of organic pollutants from industrial wastewater. Furthermore, recent advances in biomedical applications are reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine EL-Ghoul
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, King Abdulaziz Rd, P.O. Box 1162, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Textile Engineering Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Fahad M. Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, King Abdulaziz Rd, P.O. Box 1162, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fehaid M. Alsubaie
- National Center for Chemical Catalysis Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Radwan Alrasheed
- National Center for Desalination & Water Treatment Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Norah H. Almousa
- National Center for Chemical Catalysis Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
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Cintron Pregosin N, Bronstein R, Mallipattu SK. Recent Advances in Kidney Bioengineering. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:743301. [PMID: 34900859 PMCID: PMC8655860 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.743301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is an epidemic that affects more than 600 million people worldwide. The socioeconomic impacts of the disease disproportionately affect Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black Americans, making the disease an issue of social inequality. The urgency of this situation has only become worse during the COVID-19 pandemic, as those who are hospitalized for COVID-19 have an increased risk of kidney failure. For researchers, the kidney is a complex organ that is difficult to accurately model and understand. Traditional cell culture models are not adequate for studying the functional intricacies of the kidney, but recent experiments have offered improvements for understanding these systems. Recent progress includes organoid modeling, 3D bioprinting, decellularization, and microfluidics. Here, we offer a review of the most recent advances in kidney bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Cintron Pregosin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Robert Bronstein
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Sandeep K. Mallipattu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Renal Section, Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY, United States
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3D printing technologies for in vitro vaccine testing platforms and vaccine delivery systems against infectious diseases. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:519-531. [PMID: 34342360 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in 3D printing (3DP) and tissue engineering approaches enable the potential application of these technologies to vaccine research. Reconstituting the native tissue or cellular microenvironment will be vital for successful evaluation of pathogenicity of viral infection and screening of potential vaccines. Therefore, establishing a reliable in vitro model to study the vaccine efficiency or delivery of viral disease is important. Here, this review summarizes two major ways that tissue engineering and 3DP strategies could contribute to vaccine research: (1) 3D human tissue models to study the response to virus can be served as a testbed for new potential therapeutics. Using 3D tissue platform attempts to explore alternative options to pre-clinical animal research for evaluating vaccine candidates. (2) 3DP technologies can be applied to improve the vaccination strategies which could replace existing vaccine delivery. Controlled antigen release using carriers that are generated with biodegradable biomaterials can further enhance the efficient development of immunity as well as combination of multiple-dose vaccines into a single injection. This mini review discusses the up-to-date report of current 3D tissue/organ models for potential vaccine potency and known bioengineered vaccine delivery systems.
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Introduction to bioprinting of in vitro cancer models. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:603-610. [PMID: 34028520 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer models are essential in cancer research and for new drug development pipelines. However, conventional cancer tissue models have failed to capture the human cancer physiology, thus hindering drug discovery. The major challenge is the establishment of physiologically relevant cancer models that reflect the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is a highly complex milieu composed of diverse factors that are associated with cancer progression and metastasis, as well as with the development of cancer resistance to therapeutics. To emulate the TME, 3D bioprinting has emerged as a way to create engineered cancer tissue models. Bioprinted cancer tissue models have the potential to recapitulate cancer pathology and increased drug resistance in an organ-mimicking 3D environment. This review overviews the bioprinting technologies used for the engineering of cancer tissue models and provides a future perspective on bioprinting to further advance cancer research.
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Kanimozhi G, Pradhapsingh B, Singh Pawar C, Khan HA, Alrokayan SH, Prasad NR. SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenesis, Molecular Targets and Experimental Models. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:638334. [PMID: 33967772 PMCID: PMC8100521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.638334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recent pandemic outbreak threatening human beings worldwide. This novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection causes severe morbidity and mortality and rapidly spreading across the countries. Therefore, there is an urgent need for basic fundamental research to understand the pathogenesis and druggable molecular targets of SARS-CoV-2. Recent sequencing data of the viral genome and X-ray crystallographic data of the viral proteins illustrate potential molecular targets that need to be investigated for structure-based drug design. Further, the SARS-CoV-2 viral pathogen isolated from clinical samples needs to be cultivated and titrated. All of these scenarios demand suitable laboratory experimental models. The experimental models should mimic the viral life cycle as it happens in the human lung epithelial cells. Recently, researchers employing primary human lung epithelial cells, intestinal epithelial cells, experimental cell lines like Vero cells, CaCo-2 cells, HEK-293, H1299, Calu-3 for understanding viral titer values. The human iPSC-derived lung organoids, small intestinal organoids, and blood vessel organoids increase interest among researchers to understand SARS-CoV-2 biology and treatment outcome. The SARS-CoV-2 enters the human lung epithelial cells using viral Spike (S1) protein and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor. The laboratory mouse show poor ACE-2 expression and thereby inefficient SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, there was an urgent need to develop transgenic hACE-2 mouse models to understand antiviral agents' therapeutic outcomes. This review highlighted the viral pathogenesis, potential druggable molecular targets, and suitable experimental models for basic fundamental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Kanimozhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, India
| | - B. Pradhapsingh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
| | - Charan Singh Pawar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman H. Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N. Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
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