1
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Bulgarin H, Thomberg T, Lust A, Nerut J, Koppel M, Romann T, Palm R, Månsson M, Vana M, Junninen H, Külaviir M, Paiste P, Kirsimäe K, Punapart M, Viru L, Merits A, Lust E. Enhanced and copper concentration dependent virucidal effect against SARS-CoV-2 of electrospun poly(vinylidene difluoride) filter materials. iScience 2024; 27:109835. [PMID: 38799576 PMCID: PMC11126773 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Virucidal filter materials were prepared by electrospinning a solution of 28 wt % poly(vinylidene difluoride) in N,N-dimethylacetamide without and with the addition of 0.25 wt %, 0.75 wt %, 2.0 wt %, or 3.5 wt % Cu(NO3)2 · 2.5H2O as virucidal agent. The fabricated materials had a uniform and defect free fibrous structure and even distribution of copper nanoclusters. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that during the electrospinning process, Cu(NO3)2 · 2.5H2O changed into Cu2(NO3)(OH)3. Electrospun filter materials obtained by electrospinning were essentially macroporous. Smaller pores of copper nanoclusters containing materials resulted in higher particle filtration than those without copper nanoclusters. Electrospun filter material fabricated with the addition of 2.0 wt % and 3.5 wt % of Cu(NO3)2 · 2.5H2O in a spinning solution showed significant virucidal activity, and there was 2.5 ± 0.35 and 3.2 ± 0.30 logarithmic reduction in the concentration of infectious SARS-CoV-2 within 12 h, respectively. The electrospun filter materials were stable as they retained virucidal activity for three months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Bulgarin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Thomas Thomberg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Lust
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Nerut
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Miriam Koppel
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tavo Romann
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rasmus Palm
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Månsson
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marko Vana
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heikki Junninen
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marian Külaviir
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Päärn Paiste
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kalle Kirsimäe
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marite Punapart
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liane Viru
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Merits
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Enn Lust
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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2
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Shen W, Wu S, Ge X, Ao F, Mao Y, Hu J, Yan P. Preparation of gastrodin modified P(VDF-TrFE)-Eudragit L100-AuNPs nanofiber membranes with piezoelectric property. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 151:106355. [PMID: 38176196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, electroactive nerve conduits made from a blend of P(VDF-TrFE) (poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)) with other materials have shown significant progress. However, research combining P(VDF-TrFE) conduits with drug delivery systems remains sparse. In this study, we developed a novel gastrodin-loaded P(VDF-TrFE)-Eudragit L100-gold nanoparticles (Gas@PT-EL100-AuNPs) nanofiber membrane. Fabricated through electrospinning technique, this composite membrane aimed to investigate the impacts of gastrodin and AuNPs on its properties. Experimental results indicated that the incorporation of gold nanoparticles significantly reduced the fiber diameter of the membrane and enhanced the overall performance by improving hydrophilicity and piezoelectric properties. Specifically, the addition of AuNPs substantially enhanced the piezoelectric performance of the nanofiber membrane. Furthermore, the inclusion of gastrodin not only improved the membrane's hydrophilicity but also enabled effective release of the neuroprotective drug. These findings suggest that the Gas@PT-EL100-AuNPs nanofiber membrane is a novel biomaterial with potential applications in the repair and treatment of nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shen
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
| | - Shang Wu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xuemei Ge
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Fen Ao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yueyang Mao
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Jiaru Hu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Pi Yan
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
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3
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Galatolo G, Alshangiti O, Di Mino C, Matthews G, Xiao AW, Rees GJ, Schart M, Chart YA, Olbrich LF, Pasta M. Advancing Fluoride-Ion Batteries with a Pb-PbF 2 Counter Electrode and a Diluted Liquid Electrolyte. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2024; 9:85-92. [PMID: 38230375 PMCID: PMC10789089 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Fluoride ion batteries (FIB) are a promising post lithium-ion technology thanks to their high theoretical energy densities and Earth-abundant materials. However, the flooded cells commonly used to test liquid electrolyte FIBs severely affect the overall performance and impede comparability across different studies, hindering FIB progress. Here, we report a reliable Pb-PbF2 counter electrode that enables the use of two-electrode coin cells. To test this setup, we first introduce a liquid electrolyte that combines the advantages of a highly concentrated electrolyte (tetramethylammonium fluoride in methanol) while addressing its transport and high-cost shortcomings by introducing a diluent (propionitrile). We then demonstrate the viability of this system by reporting a BiF3-Pb-PbF2 cell with the highest capacity retention to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Galatolo
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Omar Alshangiti
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Camilla Di Mino
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
- The
Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Didcot OX11 0RA, United Kingdom
| | - Guillaume Matthews
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
- The
Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Didcot OX11 0RA, United Kingdom
| | - Albert W. Xiao
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory J. Rees
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
- The
Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Didcot OX11 0RA, United Kingdom
| | - Maximilian Schart
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Yvonne A. Chart
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
- The
Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Didcot OX11 0RA, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenz F. Olbrich
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Mauro Pasta
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
- The
Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Didcot OX11 0RA, United Kingdom
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4
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Bahsaine K, Benzeid H, El Allaoui B, Zari N, El Mahdi M, Qaiss AEK, Bouhfid R. Porous polyvinyl fluoride coated cellulose beads for efficient removal of Cd(II) from phosphoric acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127867. [PMID: 37935294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to enhance the removal of cadmium from phosphoric acid, it is imperative to explore novel resources that may be utilized for the development of highly effective and environmentally sustainable adsorbents. Cellulose beads are composed of naturally occurring polysaccharide fibers and find extensive utilization across several industrial sectors and applications. Within this framework, this research paper presents a green and simple method for producing porous cellulose beads using date palm fibers as the preferred raw material. The innovation lies in immersing the obtained cellulose beads in a Polyvinyl fluoride (PVDF)/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) suspension as a coating polymer with different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 %) to maintain their stability in an acidic environment. The surface of cellulose/PVDF beads were subjected to multiple characterizations like Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), size distribution then pH stability confirming that the coating has been perfectly achieved and conserved well the shape of the beads. The coated cellulose/PVDF-2.5 % underwent evaluation by the process of batch adsorption experiments while different parameters were varied including contact time (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 min), temperature (25, 35, 45 and 55 °C), and adsorbent mass (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg). The obtained ICP data showed that the adsorption rate of Cd (II) from phosphoric acid medium decreased while increasing both temperature from 25 to 55 °C and contact time from 5 to 90 min while adding more adsorbent dosage from 20 to 100 mg enhanced the removal percentage. The cellulose/PVDF-2.5 % was more effective with an adsorption capacity equal to 3.4998 mg/g at optimal conditions including 25 °C as the temperature after 5 min as contact time and by adding a mass 100 mg of the biosorbent while the pH = 2 of the solution is maintained the same. The examined material's adsorption processes proved to be exothermic and non-spontaneous, and it proved that the pseudo-second-order model provided the best match for the cellulose/PVDF-2.5 % beads kinetics data. Furthermore, the cellulose beads exhibited exceptional reusability for up to four repeated cycles without undergoing desorption. The present study offers a viable approach for producing environmentally sustainable biomass-derived adsorbents. Additionally, the study validates the potential of cellulose/PVDF beads as an intriguing material for phosphoric acid decadmiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Bahsaine
- Moroccan Foundation of Advanced Science Innovation and Research MAScIR, Composites and Nanocomposites Center, Rabat Design Center, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco; Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanane Benzeid
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Brahim El Allaoui
- Moroccan Foundation of Advanced Science Innovation and Research MAScIR, Composites and Nanocomposites Center, Rabat Design Center, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco; Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Zari
- Moroccan Foundation of Advanced Science Innovation and Research MAScIR, Composites and Nanocomposites Center, Rabat Design Center, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660 Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | | | - Abou El Kacem Qaiss
- Moroccan Foundation of Advanced Science Innovation and Research MAScIR, Composites and Nanocomposites Center, Rabat Design Center, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660 Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Rachid Bouhfid
- Moroccan Foundation of Advanced Science Innovation and Research MAScIR, Composites and Nanocomposites Center, Rabat Design Center, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660 Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.
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5
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Barakat NAM, Gamal S, Kim HY, Abd El-Salam NM, Fouad H, Fadali OA, Moustafa HM, Abdelraheem OH. Synergistic advancements in sewage-driven microbial fuel cells: novel carbon nanotube cathodes and biomass-derived anodes for efficient renewable energy generation and wastewater treatment. Front Chem 2023; 11:1286572. [PMID: 38075493 PMCID: PMC10704469 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1286572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer a dual solution of generating electrical energy from organic pollutants-laden wastewater while treating it. This study focuses on enhancing MFC performance through innovative electrode design. Three-dimensional (3D) anodes, created from corncobs and mango seeds via controlled graphitization, achieved remarkable power densities. The newly developed electrode configurations were evaluated within sewage wastewater-driven MFCs without the introduction of external microorganisms or prior treatment of the wastewater. At 1,000°C and 1,100°C graphitization temperatures, corncob and mango seed anodes produced 1,963 and 2,171 mW/m2, respectively, nearly 20 times higher than conventional carbon cloth and paper anodes. An advanced cathode composed of an activated carbon-carbon nanotube composite was introduced, rivaling expensive platinum-based cathodes. By optimizing the thermal treatment temperature and carbon nanotube content of the proposed cathode, comparable or superior performance to standard Pt/C commercial cathodes was achieved. Specifically, MFCs assembled with corncob anode with the proposed and standard Pt/C cathodes reached power densities of 1,963.1 and 2,178.6 mW/m2, respectively. Similarly, when utilizing graphitized mango seeds at 1,100°C, power densities of 2,171 and 2,151 mW/m2 were achieved for the new and standard cathodes, respectively. Furthermore, in continuous operation with a flow rate of 2 L/h, impressive chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates of 77% and 85% were achieved with corncob and mango seed anodes, respectively. This work highlights the significance of electrode design for enhancing MFC efficiency in electricity generation and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser A. M. Barakat
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Gamal
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hak Yong Kim
- Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nasser M. Abd El-Salam
- Natural Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Fouad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Olfat A. Fadali
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hager M. Moustafa
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Omina H. Abdelraheem
- Sciences Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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6
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Zhang Z, Chen K, Ameduri B, Chen M. Fluoropolymer Nanoparticles Synthesized via Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerizations and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12431-12470. [PMID: 37906708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated polymeric nanoparticles (FPNPs) combine unique properties of fluorocarbon and polymeric nanoparticles, which has stimulated massive interest for decades. However, fluoropolymers are not readily available from nature, resulting in synthetic developments to obtain FPNPs via free radical polymerizations. Recently, while increasing cutting-edge directions demand tailored FPNPs, such materials have been difficult to access via conventional approaches. Reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) are powerful methods to afford well-defined polymers. Researchers have applied RDRPs to the fabrication of FPNPs, enabling the construction of particles with improved complexity in terms of structure, composition, morphology, and functionality. Related examples can be classified into three categories. First, well-defined fluoropolymers synthesized via RDRPs have been utilized as precursors to form FPNPs through self-folding and solution self-assembly. Second, thermally and photoinitiated RDRPs have been explored to realize in situ preparations of FPNPs with varied morphologies via polymerization-induced self-assembly and cross-linking copolymerization. Third, grafting from inorganic nanoparticles has been investigated based on RDRPs. Importantly, those advancements have promoted studies toward promising applications, including magnetic resonance imaging, biomedical delivery, energy storage, adsorption of perfluorinated alkyl substances, photosensitizers, and so on. This Review should present useful knowledge to researchers in polymer science and nanomaterials and inspire innovative ideas for the synthesis and applications of FPNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Zhang
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kaixuan Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bruno Ameduri
- Institute Charles Gerhardt of Montpellier (ICGM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier 34296, France
| | - Mao Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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7
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Bößl F, Brandani S, Menzel VC, Rhodes M, Tovar-Oliva MS, Kirk C, Tudela I. Synergistic sono-adsorption and adsorption-enhanced sonochemical degradation of dyes in water by additive manufactured PVDF-based materials. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106602. [PMID: 37741021 PMCID: PMC10523274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study proposes the first mechanistic model accounting for the most meaningful physico-chemical phenomena taking place in liquid phase adsorption processes under ultrasound. Initially, this study was aimed at developing an easy-to-make and easy-to-recover piezocatalyst for the degradation of RhB in water by combining the high piezocatalytical performance of BaTiO3 with a compatible piezoelectric support such as PVDF, manufactured by a customised additive manufacturing - direct ink writing system with in-situ poling. However, initial results showed that the resulting PVDF-BaTiO3 composite slabs performed worse than BaTiO3 piezocatalysts on their own, and that poling did not have any effect on their performance (82% RhB removal after 2 h when using either poled or unpoled PVDF-BaTiO3 composite slabs compared to 92% RhB removal after 2 h in presence of BaTiO3 piezocatalysts). Further investigation with pure PVDF materials demonstrated that, instead of piezocatalysis, synergistic ultrasound-assisted adsorption and sonochemical degradation were taking place, enabling the removal of >95% of the dye within 40 min of ultrasound treatment in the presence of 4 g L-1 of additive manufactured PVDF slabs. The results of this study and their evaluation with the mechanistic model proposed for liquid phase adsorption under ultrasound suggest that the adsorption of RhB on additive manufactured PVDF slabs was enhanced by the structure, higher specific surface ratio and higher volume of mesopores achieved through the 3D-printing process, as well as the minimisation of film resistance to mass transport due to ultrasound. Moreover, adsorption on additive manufactured PVDF enhanced the sonochemical degradation of the dye due to its high concentration in the adsorbed phase. This study demonstrates that adsorption processes, especially in the presence of PVDF materials, may be significantly more important in piezocatalysis than what has been reported to date, to the point that the synergistic combination of sono-adsorption and sonochemical degradation in presence of additive-manufactured PVDF slabs may be enough to achieve high removal rates of dyes in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Bößl
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK; Edinburgh Electrochemical Engineering Group (e3 Group), The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK.
| | - Stefano Brandani
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - Valentin C Menzel
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK; Edinburgh Electrochemical Engineering Group (e3 Group), The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - Matilda Rhodes
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Mayra S Tovar-Oliva
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK; Edinburgh Electrochemical Engineering Group (e3 Group), The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - Caroline Kirk
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Ignacio Tudela
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK; Edinburgh Electrochemical Engineering Group (e3 Group), The University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK.
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8
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Guan J, Cheng L, Fang Y. Introduction of Nanoscale Si 3N 4 to Improve the Dielectric Thermal Stability of a Si 3N 4/P(VDF-HFP) Composite Film. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4264. [PMID: 37959943 PMCID: PMC10648552 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the dielectric thermal stability of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based film, nano silicon nitride (Si3N4) was introduced, and hence the energy storage performance was improved. The introduction of nano Si3N4 fillers will induce a phase transition of P(VDF-HFP) from polar β to nonpolar α, which leads to the improved energy storage property. As such, the discharging energy density of Si3N4/P(VDF-HFP) composite films increased with the amount of doped Si3N4. After incorporating 10wt% Si3N4 in Si3N4/P(VDF-HFP) films, the discharging density increased to 1.2 J/cm3 under a relatively low electric field of 100 MV/m. Compared with a pure P(VDF-HFP) film, both the discharging energy density and thermal dielectric relaxor temperature of Si3N4/P(VDF-HFP) increased. The working temperature increased from 80 °C to 120 °C, which is significant for ensuring its adaptability in high-temperature energy storage areas. Thus, this result indicates that Si3N4 is a key filler that can improve the thermal stability of PVDF-based energy storage polymer films and may provide a reference for high-temperature capacitor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laifei Cheng
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (J.G.); (Y.F.)
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9
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Kim H, Lim M, Jang B, Park SW, Park JY, Shen H, Koo K, Cho HB, Choa YH. Enhanced capacitive pressure sensing performance by charge generation from filler movement in thin and flexible PVDF-GNP composite films. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2260301. [PMID: 37854120 PMCID: PMC10580860 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2260301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces an approach to overcome the limitations of conventional pressure sensors by developing a thin and lightweight composite film specifically tailored for flexible capacitive pressure sensors, with a particular emphasis on the medium and high pressure range. To accomplish this, we have engineered a composite film by combining polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) derived from expanded graphite (Ex-G). A uniform sized GNPs with an average lateral size of 2.55av and an average thickness of 33.74 av with narrow size distribution was obtained with a gas-induced expansion of expandable graphite (EXP-G) combined with tip sonication in solvent. By this precisely controlled GNP within the composite film, a remarkable improvement in sensor sensitivity has been achieved, surpassing 4.18 MPa-1 within the pressure range of 0.1 to 1.6 MPa. This enhancement can be attributed to the generation of electric charge from the movement of GNP in the polymer matrix. Additionally, stability testing has demonstrated the reliable operation of the composite film over 1000 cycles. Notably, the composite film exhibits exceptional continuous pressure sensing capabilities with a rapid response time of approximately 100 milliseconds. Experimental validation using a 3 × 3 sensor array has confirmed the accurate detection of specific contact points, thus highlighting the potential of the composite film in selective pressure sensing. These findings signify an advancement in the field of flexible capacitive pressure sensors that offer enhanced sensitivity, consistent operation, rapid response time, and the unique ability to selectively sense pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseob Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungkwon Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-woo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Institute of Environmental and Energy Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Haishan Shen
- Institute of Environmental and Energy Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmo Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Baek Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Choa
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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10
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Costa CM, Cardoso VF, Martins P, Correia DM, Gonçalves R, Costa P, Correia V, Ribeiro C, Fernandes MM, Martins PM, Lanceros-Méndez S. Smart and Multifunctional Materials Based on Electroactive Poly(vinylidene fluoride): Recent Advances and Opportunities in Sensors, Actuators, Energy, Environmental, and Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11392-11487. [PMID: 37729110 PMCID: PMC10571047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
From scientific and technological points of view, poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, is one of the most exciting polymers due to its overall physicochemical characteristics. This polymer can crystalize into five crystalline phases and can be processed in the form of films, fibers, membranes, and specific microstructures, being the physical properties controllable over a wide range through appropriate chemical modifications. Moreover, PVDF-based materials are characterized by excellent chemical, mechanical, thermal, and radiation resistance, and for their outstanding electroactive properties, including high dielectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and ferroelectric response, being the best among polymer systems and thus noteworthy for an increasing number of technologies. This review summarizes and critically discusses the latest advances in PVDF and its copolymers, composites, and blends, including their main characteristics and processability, together with their tailorability and implementation in areas including sensors, actuators, energy harvesting and storage devices, environmental membranes, microfluidic, tissue engineering, and antimicrobial applications. The main conclusions, challenges and future trends concerning materials and application areas are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Costa
- Physics
Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory
of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Institute
of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Vanessa F. Cardoso
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of
Minho, DEI, Campus de
Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate
Laboratory, Campus de
Gualtar, 4800-058 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Pedro Martins
- Physics
Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory
of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Institute
of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Renato Gonçalves
- Center of
Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Costa
- Physics
Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory
of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Institute
for Polymers and Composites IPC, University
of Minho, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Vitor Correia
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of
Minho, DEI, Campus de
Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate
Laboratory, Campus de
Gualtar, 4800-058 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Clarisse Ribeiro
- Physics
Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory
of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Margarida M. Fernandes
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of
Minho, DEI, Campus de
Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate
Laboratory, Campus de
Gualtar, 4800-058 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Martins
- Institute
of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Centre
of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- Physics
Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory
of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- BCMaterials,
Basque Center for Materials, Applications
and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU
Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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11
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Hafner R, Klein P, Urbassek HM. Adsorption of Diclofenac and Its UV Phototransformation Products in an Aqueous Solution on PVDF: A Molecular Modeling Study. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7181-7193. [PMID: 37549100 PMCID: PMC10440796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals in drinking water has generated considerable scientific interest in potential improvements to polymeric membranes for water purification at the nanoscale. In this work, we investigate the adsorption of diclofenac and its ultraviolet (UV) phototransformation products on amorphous and crystalline poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) membrane surfaces at the nanoscale using molecular modeling. We report binding affinities by determining the free energy landscape via the extended adaptive biasing force method. The high binding affinities of the phototransformation products found are consistent with qualitative experimental results. For diclofenac, we found similar or better affinities than those for the phototransformation products, which seems to be in contrast to the experimental findings. This discrepancy can only be explained if the maximum adsorption density of diclofenac is much lower than that of the products. Overall, negligible differences between the adsorption affinities of the crystalline phases are observed, suggesting that no tuning of the PVDF surfaces is necessary to optimize filtration capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Hafner
- Physics
Department and Research Center OPTIMAS, University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Fraunhofer
ITWM, Fraunhofer-Platz
1, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Peter Klein
- Fraunhofer
ITWM, Fraunhofer-Platz
1, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Herbert M. Urbassek
- Physics
Department and Research Center OPTIMAS, University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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12
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Golmohammadzadeh R, Dimachki Z, Bryant W, Zhang J, Biniaz P, M Banaszak Holl M, Pozo-Gonzalo C, Chakraborty Banerjee P. Removal of polyvinylidene fluoride binder and other organics for enhancing the leaching efficiency of lithium and cobalt from black mass. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 343:118205. [PMID: 37235989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The agglomeration and encapsulation of recoverable materials of interest (e.g. metals and graphite) as a result of the presence of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with mixed chemistries (black mass) lower the extraction efficiency of metals. In this study, organic solvents and alkaline solutions were used as non-toxic reagents to investigate the removal of a PVDF binder from a black mass. The results demonstrated that 33.1%, 31.4%, and 31.4% of the PVDF were removed using dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 150, 160, and 180 °C, respectively. Under these conditions, the peel-off efficiencies for DMF, DMAc, and DMSO were 92.9%, 85.3%, and approximately 92.9%, respectively. Using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as a catalyst and 5 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at room temperature (RT- 21 °C-23 °C), 50.3% of PVDF and other organic compounds were eliminated. The removal efficiency was enhanced to approximately 60.5% when the temperature was raised to 80 °C using NaOH. Using 5 M potassium hydroxide at RT in a TBAB-containing solution, ca. 32.8% removal efficiency was obtained; raising the temperature to 80 °C further enhanced the removal efficiency to almost 52.7%. The peel-off efficiency was 100% for both alkaline solutions. Lithium extraction increased from 47.2% to 78.7% following treatment with DMSO and to 90.1% following treatment with NaOH via leaching black mass (2 M sulfuric acid, solid-to-liquid ratio (S/L): 100 g L-1 at 50 °C, for 1 h without a reducing agent) before and after removal of the PVDF binder. Cobalt's recovery went from 28.5% to 61.3% with DMSO treatment to 74.4% with NaOH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeeh Golmohammadzadeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Environment Protection Authority Victoria, EPA Science, Macleod, VIC, 3085, Australia
| | - Zach Dimachki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - William Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Parisa Biniaz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Mark M Banaszak Holl
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Cristina Pozo-Gonzalo
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3200, Australia
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13
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Zhu X, Chen C, Guo Q, Liu M, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Song H. Ultra-fast recovery of cathode materials from spent LiFePO 4 lithium-ion batteries by novel electromagnetic separation technology. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 166:70-77. [PMID: 37156188 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The separation of electrode materials from current collectors plays a significant role in determining the leaching efficiency of different metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In the presented research, a highly efficient, environmentally sustainable, and cost-effective cathode materials separation strategy was proposed for spent LiFePO4 batteries. Based on the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient of the binder and aluminum foil, the electromagnetic induction system was examined to harvest cathode materials for the first time, which could provide a high heating rate to erase the mechanical interlocking force between Al foil and coated material, and breaking the chemical bond or Van der Waals forces of the binder. The process avoids the usage of any chemicals such as acids and alkalis, thus eliminating the emission of wastewater. Our system shows ultra-fast separation (3 min) and achieves high-purity of recovered electrode materials and Al foils (99.6% and 99.2%). Furthermore, the morphology and crystalline structure of delaminated electrode materials remain almost the same compared with the pristine materials, which provides a previously unexplored technology to realize sustainable spent battery recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Zhu
- GEM Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518101, China; Wuhan Power Battery Recycling Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 431400, China; GEM Green Industry (Wuhan) Innovation Research Institute, Wuhan 431400, China; National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- GEM Green Industry (Wuhan) Innovation Research Institute, Wuhan 431400, China
| | - Qing Guo
- GEM Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518101, China; GEM Green Industry (Wuhan) Innovation Research Institute, Wuhan 431400, China
| | - Mingzhe Liu
- Wuhan Power Battery Recycling Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 431400, China; GEM Green Industry (Wuhan) Innovation Research Institute, Wuhan 431400, China
| | | | - Zhi Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Huawei Song
- GEM Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518101, China; Wuhan Power Battery Recycling Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 431400, China; GEM Green Industry (Wuhan) Innovation Research Institute, Wuhan 431400, China.
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14
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Bano S, Pednekar M, Rameshkumar S, Borah D, Morris MA, Padamati RB, Cronly N. Fabrication and Evaluation of Filtration Membranes from Industrial Polymer Waste. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:445. [PMID: 37103872 PMCID: PMC10143593 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymers are known for their diverse range of industrial applications and are considered important raw materials for membrane manufacturing. In view of circularity and resource efficiency, the present work mainly deals with the reusability of waste polymer 'gels' produced during the manufacturing of PVDF membranes. Herein, solidified PVDF gels were first prepared from polymer solutions as model waste gels, which were then subsequently used to prepare membranes via the phase inversion process. The structural analysis of fabricated membranes confirmed the retention of molecular integrity even after reprocessing, whereas the morphological analysis showed a symmetric bi-continuous porous structure. The filtration performance of membranes fabricated from waste gels was studied in a crossflow assembly. The results demonstrate the feasibility of gel-derived membranes as potential microfiltration membranes exhibiting a pure water flux of 478 LMH with a mean pore size of ~0.2 µm. To further evaluate industrial applicability, the performance of the membranes was tested in the clarification of industrial wastewater, and the membranes showed good recyclability with about 52% flux recovery. The performance of gel-derived membranes thus demonstrates the recycling of waste polymer gels for improving the sustainability of membrane fabrication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleheen Bano
- School of Chemistry, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- AMBER, SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mukesh Pednekar
- AMBER, SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Physics, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Dairy Processing Technology Centre (DPTC), University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Saranya Rameshkumar
- School of Chemistry, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- AMBER, SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dipu Borah
- School of Chemistry, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- AMBER, SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael A. Morris
- School of Chemistry, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- AMBER, SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ramesh Babu Padamati
- School of Chemistry, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- AMBER, SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Dairy Processing Technology Centre (DPTC), University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Niamh Cronly
- School of Chemistry, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Castillo J, Robles-Fernandez A, Cid R, González-Marcos JA, Armand M, Carriazo D, Zhang H, Santiago A. Dehydrofluorination Process of Poly(vinylidene difluoride) PVdF-Based Gel Polymer Electrolytes and Its Effect on Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040336. [PMID: 37102948 PMCID: PMC10137538 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are emerging as suitable candidates for high-performing lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) due to their excellent performance and improved safety. Within them, poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVdF) and its derivatives have been widely used as polymer hosts due to their ideal mechanical and electrochemical properties. However, their poor stability with lithium metal (Li0) anode has been identified as their main drawback. Here, the stability of two PVdF-based GPEs with Li0 and their application in LSBs is studied. PVdF-based GPEs undergo a dehydrofluorination process upon contact with the Li0. This process results in the formation of a LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase that provides high stability during galvanostatic cycling. Nevertheless, despite their outstanding initial discharge, both GPEs show an unsuitable battery performance characterized by a capacity drop, ascribed to the loss of the lithium polysulfides and their interaction with the dehydrofluorinated polymer host. Through the introduction of an intriguing lithium salt (lithium nitrate) in the electrolyte, a significant improvement is achieved delivering higher capacity retention. Apart from providing a detailed study of the hitherto poorly characterized interaction process between PVdF-based GPEs and the Li0, this study demonstrates the need for an anode protection process to use this type of electrolytes in LSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julen Castillo
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Campus de Leioa, Barrio Sarriena, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Adrián Robles-Fernandez
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rosalía Cid
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - José Antonio González-Marcos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Campus de Leioa, Barrio Sarriena, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Michel Armand
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Daniel Carriazo
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Alexander Santiago
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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16
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Serrano-Garcia W, Cruz-Maya I, Melendez-Zambrana A, Ramos-Colon I, Pinto NJ, Thomas SW, Guarino V. Optimization of PVDF-TrFE Based Electro-Conductive Nanofibers: Morphology and In Vitro Response. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3106. [PMID: 37109942 PMCID: PMC10145551 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, morphology and in vitro response of electroconductive composite nanofibers were explored for biomedical use. The composite nanofibers were prepared by blending the piezoelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluorethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) and electroconductive materials with different physical and chemical properties such as copper oxide (CuO), poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), and methylene blue (MB) resulting in unique combinations of electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and other desirable properties. Morphological investigation via SEM analysis has remarked some differences in fiber size as a function of the electroconductive phase used, with a reduction of fiber diameters for the composite fibers of 12.43% for CuO, 32.87% for CuPc, 36.46% for P3HT, and 63% for MB. This effect is related to the peculiar electroconductive behavior of fibers: measurements of electrical properties showed the highest ability to transport charges of methylene blue, in accordance with the lowest fibers diameters, while P3HT poorly conducts in air but improves charge transfer during the fiber formation. In vitro assays showed a tunable response of fibers in terms of viability, underlining a preferential interaction of fibroblast cells to P3HT-loaded fibers that can be considered the most suitable for use in biomedical applications. These results provide valuable information for future studies to be addressed at optimizing the properties of composite nanofibers for potential applications in bioengineering and bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Serrano-Garcia
- Advanced Materials Bio & Integration Research (AMBIR) Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Iriczalli Cruz-Maya
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad.20, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Idalia Ramos-Colon
- Department of Physics and Electronics, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao, Humacao 00791, Puerto Rico
| | - Nicholas J. Pinto
- Department of Physics and Electronics, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao, Humacao 00791, Puerto Rico
| | - Sylvia W. Thomas
- Advanced Materials Bio & Integration Research (AMBIR) Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad.20, 80125 Naples, Italy
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17
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Sharma U, Pandey R, Basu S, Saravanan P. ZIF-67 blended PVDF membrane for improved Congo red removal and antifouling properties: A correlation establishment between morphological features and ultra-filtration parameters. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 320:138075. [PMID: 36758809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dye effluents from various sectors have constantly imperilled the environment and ecosystem. Nano-composite membrane technology incorporating metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has shown tremendous potential for toxic pollutant remediation. This study details the impact of ZIF-67 MOF nanoparticles on the structural properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane during the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. In order to outline the properties that determine the performance parameters in a MOF-modified mixed matrix membrane, the corresponding changes in mean pore size (MPS), surface porosity, solvent viscosity, and hydrophilicity have been discussed with appropriate surface characterization analysis. The suitability of ZIF-67 as filler nanoparticles were established based on polymer compatibility, dispersibility, and water stability studies. The ZIF-67 incorporated PVDF mixed matrix membranes (MMM) showed 99.5% CR dye removal with 2.6 times DI water permeability than the neat. The flux recovery ratio (FRR) improved by 1.9 times and the membranes were found suitable for up to 5 filtration cycles. Based on the overall results, a correlation analysis between the MMM surface properties and membrane performance parameters were established to determine the key performance parameters. It was observed that in comparison to MPS, surface porosity was more correlated to Jd/Jw (r = 0.96) and FRR (r = 0.95).
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttkarshni Sharma
- Environmental Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Rohit Pandey
- Environmental Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Subhankar Basu
- Department of Applied Science and Humanities, National Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834003, India.
| | - Pichiah Saravanan
- Environmental Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
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18
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Chan KY, Li CL, Wang DM, Lai JY. Formation of Porous Structures and Crystalline Phases in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Membranes Prepared with Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation-Roles of Solvent Polarity. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051314. [PMID: 36904555 PMCID: PMC10007550 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PVDF membranes were prepared with nonsolvent-induced phase separation, using solvents with various dipole moments, including HMPA, NMP, DMAc and TEP. Both the fraction of the polar crystalline phase and the water permeability of the prepared membrane increased monotonously with an increasing solvent dipole moment. FTIR/ATR analyses were conducted at the surfaces of the cast films during membrane formation to provide information on if the solvents were present as the PVDF crystallized. The results reveal that, with HMPA, NMP or DMAc being used to dissolve PVDF, a solvent with a higher dipole moment resulted in a lower solvent removal rate from the cast film, because the viscosity of the casting solution was higher. The lower solvent removal rate allowed a higher solvent concentration on the surface of the cast film, leading to a more porous surface and longer solvent-governed crystallization. Because of its low polarity, TEP induced non-polar crystals and had a low affinity for water, accounting for the low water permeability and the low fraction of polar crystals with TEP as the solvent. The results provide insight into how the membrane structure on a molecular scale (related to the crystalline phase) and nanoscale (related to water permeability) was related to and influenced by solvent polarity and its removal rate during membrane formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ying Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Li
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu County 310401, Taiwan
| | - Da-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-3366-3006; Fax: +886-2-2362-3040
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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19
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Zhu XH, Li YJ, Gong MQ, Mo R, Luo SY, Yan X, Yang S. Recycling Valuable Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Carbothermal Shock Method. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300074. [PMID: 36781386 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Pyrometallurgy technique is usually applied as a pretreatment to enhance the leaching efficiencies in the hydrometallurgy process for recovering valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries. However, traditional pyrometallurgy processes are energy and time consuming. Here, we report a carbothermal shock (CTS) method for reducing LiNi0.3 Co0.2 Mn0.5 O2 (NCM325) cathode materials with uniform temperature distribution, high heating and cooling rates, high temperatures, and ultrafast reaction times. Li can be selectively leached through water leaching after CTS process with an efficiency of >90 %. Ni, Co, and Mn are recovered by dilute acid leaching with efficiencies >98 %. The CTS reduction strategy is feasible for various spent cathode materials, including NCM111, NCM523, NCM622, NCM811, LiCoO2 , and LiMn2 O4 . The CTS process, with its low energy consumption and potential scale application, provides an efficient and environmentally friendly way for recovering spent lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hui Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Juan Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Qi Gong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Ran Mo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Si-Yuan Luo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Shun Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China
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20
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Chemical Cleaning and Membrane Aging of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) Membranes Fabricated via Non-solvent Induced Phase Separation (NIPS) and Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS). Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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21
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Yang C, Xiang Y, Liao B, Hu X. 3D-Printed Bionic Ear for Sound Identification and Localization Based on In Situ Polling of PVDF-TrFE Film. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200374. [PMID: 36408815 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bionic acoustic sensors are an indispensable part to realize interactions between humans and robotics. In this work, a PVDF-TrFE sensor array with multiple active pixels combined with a 3D-printed bionic ear model is prepared, which can accurately detect sounds with different frequencies and locate the sound source from different directions. The PVDF-TrFE sensor array can clearly identify the sound within 25 cm, and the error between the accepted sound frequency and the original input frequency is less than 0.001%. Through the algorithm analysis of the input signal, the location of the sound source can be immediately analyzed. Compared with other acoustic sensors, this sensor has the advantages of being self-powered, small size, and high flexibility, which holds great potential for bionic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caokun Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,Advanced Energy Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yong Xiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,Advanced Energy Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,Sichuan Flexible Display Materials Genome Engineering Center, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoran Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,Advanced Energy Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,Sichuan Flexible Display Materials Genome Engineering Center, Chengdu, 611731, China
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22
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Jugović D, Milović MD, Barudžija T, Kuzmanović M, Vujković M, Mitrić M. The Influence of a Binder in a Composite Electrode: The Case Study of Vanadyl Phosphate in Aqueous Electrolyte. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:9041. [PMID: 36556846 PMCID: PMC9785988 DOI: 10.3390/ma15249041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Layered VOPO4·2H2O is synthesized by the sonochemical method. An X-ray powder diffraction is used to examine the crystal structure, while scanning electron microscopy is used to reveal the morphology of the powder. The crystal structure refinement is performed in the P4/nmmZ space group. The electrochemical intercalation of several cations (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Al3+) in saturated nitrate aqueous solutions is investigated. The most notable reversible activity is found for the cycling in aluminium nitrate aqueous solution in the voltage range from -0.1 to 0.8 V vs. SCE. During the preparation of the electrode, it is observed that the structure is prone to changes that have not been recorded in the literature so far. Namely, the use of conventional binder PVDF in NMP solution deteriorates the structure and lowers the powder's crystallinity, while the use of Nafion solution causes the rearrangement of the atoms in a new crystal form that can be described in the monoclinic P21/c space group. Consequently, these structural changes affect electrochemical performances. The observed differences in electrochemical performances are a result of structural rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Jugović
- Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Tanja Barudžija
- “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Kuzmanović
- Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Vujković
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miodrag Mitrić
- “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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23
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Effect of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane Production Conditions on Its Structure and Performance Characteristics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235283. [PMID: 36501681 PMCID: PMC9736028 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (vinylidene fluoride) membranes were prepared by freeze-casting. The effects of PVDF concentration, and freezing temperature on the morphology, crystallization, and performance of prepared membranes were examined. Polymer concentration was varied from 10 to 25 wt%. The freezing temperature was varied from -5 to -25 °C. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and distilled water were used as solvents and non-solvents, respectively. The first step of this study was devoted to estimating the optimal concentration of PVDF solution in DMSO. Membranes prepared at different ratios were characterized using physical and mechanical characteristics and porosity. The second step was to optimize the time required for the production of the membranes. In the third step, it was shown that the freezing temperature had a remarkable effect on the morphology of the membranes: as the temperature decreases, there is a transition from spherulite structures to interconnected pores. It was shown that the diversity in the pore pattern for PVDF affects remarkably the water permeability through the polymer membrane. During the monitoring of the spread of crystallized areas during the formation of the membrane, it was found that the crystallization of the solvent begins at localized points of the microscale, further crystallized areas spread radially or unevenly along the surface of the solution, forming contact borders, which can lead to changes in the properties of the membrane in its area.
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24
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Development of design strategies for conjugated polymer binders in lithium-ion batteries. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Gutiérrez-Fernández E, Sena-Fernández J, Rebollar E, Ezquerra TA, Hermoso-Pinilla FJ, Sanz M, Gálvez O, Nogales A. Development of polar phases in ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanoparticles. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Fan S, Blevins A, Martinez J, Ding Y. Effects of Co-diluent on the pore structure, patterning fidelity, and properties of membranes fabricated by lithographically templated thermally induced phase separation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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27
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Chemical interaction between PVDF and Li cations during LiCl crystallization in VMCr. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Gravure Printing for PVDF Thin-Film Pyroelectric Device Manufacture. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pyroelectric energy harvesting is one of the more recent and promising solid-state approaches for directly converting time-dependent temperature fluctuations into electric energy. Conventional printing technologies can offer many advantages for the production of pyroelectric thin-film-based devices, such as low cost, low temperature, the use of flexible substrates and shaping at the same time as deposition. Nevertheless, some issues related to low printed thickness and film-forming microstructure control need to be addressed. In this exploratory study, the possibility of exploiting the highly attractive gravure printing process for the potential industrial manufacture of flexible polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) thin-film pyroelectric devices was investigated. By the use of corona pre-treatment of the printing substrate and low-temperature polar solvent evaporation, multilayer gravure-printed PVDF pyroelectric devices were successfully manufactured for the first time, achieving a maximum generated current of 0.1 nA at 2.5 K/s from a device with an active area of 1 cm2. Considering the very low thermal inertia and performance scaling by the area expected for pyroelectric thin-film-based devices, combined with the upscaling potential of roll-to-roll gravure printing, our results provide new opportunities for on-demand, low-cost pyroelectric device manufacture and their integration in hybrid harvesters.
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29
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Roberts S, Chen L, Kishore B, Dancer CEJ, Simmons MJH, Kendrick E. Mechanism of gelation in high nickel content cathode slurries for sodium-ion batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 627:427-437. [PMID: 35868038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries are a prospective sustainable alternative to the ubiquitous lithium-ion batteries due to the abundancy of sodium, and their cobalt free cathodes. The high nickel O3-type oxides show promising energy densities, however, a time dependency in the rheological properties of the composite electrode slurries is observed, which leads to inhomogeneous coatings being produced. A combination of electron microscopy and infra-red spectroscopy were used to monitor the O3-oxide surface changes upon exposure to air, and the effect upon the rheology and stability of the inks was investigated. Upon exposure to air, NaOH rather than Na2CO3 was observed on the surfaces of the powder through FTIR and EDS. The subsequent gelation of the slurry was initiated by the NaOH and dehydrofluorination with crosslinking of PVDF was observed through the reaction product, NaF. Approximately 15% of the CF bonds in PVDF undergo this dehydrofluorination to form NaF. As observed in the relaxation time of fitted rheological data, the gelation undergoes a three-stage process: a dehydrofluorination stage, creating saturated structures, a crosslinking stage, resulting in the highest rate of gelation, and a final crosslinking stage. This work shows the mechanism for instability of high nickel containing powders and electrode slurries, and presents a new time dependent oscillatory rheology test that can be used to determine the process window for these unstable slurry systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Roberts
- WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Brij Kishore
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark J H Simmons
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Kendrick
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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30
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Roy JJ, Rarotra S, Krikstolaityte V, Zhuoran KW, Cindy YDI, Tan XY, Carboni M, Meyer D, Yan Q, Srinivasan M. Green Recycling Methods to Treat Lithium-Ion Batteries E-Waste: A Circular Approach to Sustainability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2103346. [PMID: 34632652 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
E-waste generated from end-of-life spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is increasing at a rapid rate owing to the increasing consumption of these batteries in portable electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage worldwide. On the one hand, landfilling and incinerating LIBs e-waste poses environmental and safety concerns owing to their constituent materials. On the other hand, scarcity of metal resources used in manufacturing LIBs and potential value creation through the recovery of these metal resources from spent LIBs has triggered increased interest in recycling spent LIBs from e-waste. State of the art recycling of spent LIBs involving pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy processes generates considerable unwanted environmental concerns. Hence, alternative innovative approaches toward the green recycling process of spent LIBs are essential to tackle large volumes of spent LIBs in an environmentally friendly way. Such evolving techniques for spent LIBs recycling based on green approaches, including bioleaching, waste for waste approach, and electrodeposition, are discussed here. Furthermore, the ways to regenerate strategic metals post leaching, efficiently reprocess extracted high-value materials, and reuse them in applications including electrode materials for new LIBs. The concept of "circular economy" is highlighted through closed-loop recycling of spent LIBs achieved through green-sustainable approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Jegan Roy
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), SCARCE Laboratory, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Saptak Rarotra
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), SCARCE Laboratory, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Vida Krikstolaityte
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), SCARCE Laboratory, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Kenny Wu Zhuoran
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), SCARCE Laboratory, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Yang Dja-Ia Cindy
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), SCARCE Laboratory, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Xian Yi Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Michael Carboni
- Université de Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM; UMR 5257 (ICSM) BP 17171, Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, 30207, France
| | - Daniel Meyer
- Université de Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM; UMR 5257 (ICSM) BP 17171, Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, 30207, France
| | - Qingyu Yan
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), SCARCE Laboratory, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Madhavi Srinivasan
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), SCARCE Laboratory, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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31
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Sliz R, Valikangas J, Silva Santos H, Vilmi P, Rieppo L, Hu T, Lassi U, Fabritius T. Suitable Cathode NMP Replacement for Efficient Sustainable Printed Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2022; 5:4047-4058. [PMID: 35497684 PMCID: PMC9045678 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c02923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is the most common solvent for manufacturing cathode electrodes in the battery industry; however, it is becoming restricted in several countries due to its negative environmental impact. Taking into account that ∼99% of the solvent used during electrode fabrication is recovered, dimethylformamide (DMF) is a considerable candidate to replace NMP. The lower boiling point and higher ignition temperature of DMF lead to a significant reduction in the energy consumption needed for drying the electrodes and improve the safety of the production process. Additionally, the lower surface tension and viscosity of DMF enable improved current collector wetting and higher concentrations of the solid material in the cathode slurry. To verify the suitability of DMF as a replacement for NMP, we utilized screen printing, a fabrication method that provides roll-to-roll compatibility while allowing controlled deposition and creation of sophisticated patterns. The battery systems utilized NMC (LiNi x Mn y Co z O2) chemistry in two configurations: NMC523 and NMC88. The first, well-established NCM523, was used as a reference, while NMC88 was used to demonstrate the potential of the proposed method with high-capacity materials. The cathodes were used to create coin and pouch cell batteries that were cycled 1000 times. The achieved results indicate that DMF can successfully replace NMP in the NMC cathode fabrication process without compromising battery performance. Specifically, both the NMP blade-coated and DMF screen-printed batteries retained 87 and 90% of their capacity after 1000 (1C/1C) cycles for NMC523 and NMC88, respectively. The modeling results of the drying process indicate that utilizing a low-boiling-point solvent (DMF) instead of NMP can reduce the drying energy consumption fourfold, resulting in a more environmentally friendly battery production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Sliz
- Optoelectronics
and Measurement Techniques Unit, University
of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Juho Valikangas
- Research
Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University
of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Hellen Silva Santos
- Fibre
and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Pauliina Vilmi
- Optoelectronics
and Measurement Techniques Unit, University
of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Lassi Rieppo
- Research
Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Tao Hu
- Research
Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University
of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulla Lassi
- Research
Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University
of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Tapio Fabritius
- Optoelectronics
and Measurement Techniques Unit, University
of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
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32
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Choi SH, Randová A, Vopička O, Lanč M, Fuoco A, Jansen JC, Friess K. Integrally skinned asymmetric poly(vinylidene fluoride) hollow fibre membranes: A study of gas and vapour transport properties. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Ali Nowroozi M, Iqbal Waidha A, Jacob M, van Aken PA, Predel F, Ensinger W, Clemens O. Towards Recycling of LLZO Solid Electrolyte Exemplarily Performed on LFP/LLZO/LTO Cells. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202100274. [PMID: 35199490 PMCID: PMC8889509 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
All-solid-state lithium ion batteries (ASS-LIBs) are promising due to their safety and higher energy density as compared to that of conventional LIBs. Over the next few decades, tremendous amounts of spent ASS-LIBs will reach the end of their cycle life and would require recycling in order to address the waste management issue along with reduced exploitation of rare elements. So far, only very limited studies have been conducted on recycling of ASS-LIBS. Herein, we investigate the recycling of the Li7 La3 Zr2 O12 (LLZO) solid-state electrolyte in a LiFePO4 /LLZO/Li4 Ti5 O12 system using a hydrometallurgical approach. Our results show that different concentration of the leaching solutions can significantly influence the final product of the recycling process. However, it was possible to recover relatively pure La2 O3 and ZrO2 to re-synthesize the cubic LLZO phase, whose high purity was confirmed by XRD measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Nowroozi
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Alarich-weiss-Straße 2, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Aamir Iqbal Waidha
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Alarich-weiss-Straße 2, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martine Jacob
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Alarich-weiss-Straße 2, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.,University of Stuttgart, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter A van Aken
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart Centre for Electron Microscopy, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felicitas Predel
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart Centre for Electron Microscopy, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ensinger
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Alarich-weiss-Straße 2, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Oliver Clemens
- University of Stuttgart, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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34
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Ahmad AL, Hassan AI, Peng LC. Non-Solvent Influence of Hydrophobic Polymeric Layer Deposition on PVDF Hollow Fiber Membrane for CO 2 Gas Absorption. MEMBRANES 2021; 12:41. [PMID: 35054567 PMCID: PMC8777759 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of hydrophobicity on membranes is becoming crucial in current membrane technological development, especially in membrane gas absorption (MGA). In order to prevent membrane wetting, a polypropylene (PP) dense layer coating was deposited on a commercial poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane as a method of enhancing surface hydrophobicity. The weight concentration of PP pellets was varied from 10 mg mL-1 to 40 mg mL-1 and dissolved in xylene. A two-step dip coating was implemented where the PVDF membrane was immersed in a non-solvent followed by a polymer coating solution. The effects of the modified membrane with the non-solvent methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and without the non-solvent was investigated over all weight concentrations of the coating solution. The SEM investigation found that the modified membrane surface transfiguration formed microspherulites that intensified as PP concentration increased with and without MEK. To understand the coating formation further, the solvent-non-solvent compatibility with the polymer was also discussed in this study. The membrane characterizations on the porosity, the contact angle, and the FTIR spectra were also conducted in determining the polymer coating properties. Hydrophobic membrane was achieved up to 119.85° contact angle and peak porosity of 87.62% using MEK as the non-solvent 40 mg mL-1 PP concentration. The objective of the current manuscript was to test the hydrophobicity and wetting degree of the coating layer. Hence, physical absorption via the membrane contactor using CO2 as the feed gas was carried out. The maximum CO2 flux of 3.33 × 10-4 mol m-2 s-1 was achieved by 25 mg modified membrane at a fixed absorbent flow rate of 100 mL min-1 while 40 mg modified membrane showed better overall flux stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia; (A.I.H.); (L.C.P.)
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35
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A Comparative Evaluation of Sustainable Binders for Environmentally Friendly Carbon-Based Supercapacitors. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 12:nano12010046. [PMID: 35009996 PMCID: PMC8746753 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly energy storage devices have been fabricated by using functional materials obtained from completely renewable resources. Gelatin, chitosan, casein, guar gum and carboxymethyl cellulose have been investigated as sustainable and low-cost binders within the electrode active material of water-processable symmetric carbon-based supercapacitors. Such binders are selected from natural-derived materials and industrial by-products to obtain economic and environmental benefits. The electrochemical properties of the devices based on the different binders are compared by using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge curves and impedance spectroscopy. The fabricated supercapacitors exhibit series resistance lower than a few ohms and values of the specific capacitance ranged between 30 F/g and 80 F/g. The most performant device can deliver ca. 3.6 Wh/kg of energy at a high power density of 3925 W/kg. Gelatin, casein and carboxymethyl cellulose-based devices have shown device stability up to 1000 cycles. Detailed analysis on the charge storage mechanisms (e.g., involving faradaic and non-faradaic processes) at the electrode/electrolyte interface reveals a pseudocapacitance behavior within the supercapacitors. A clear correlation between the electrochemical performances (e.g., cycle stability, capacitance retention, series resistance value, coulombic efficiency) ageing phenomena and charge storage mechanisms within the porous carbon-based electrode have been discussed.
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Rath R, Mohanty S, Nayak SK, Unnikrishnan L. Surface architecture and proton conduction in SPVDF-co-HFP based nanocomposite membrane for fuel cell applications: Influence of aprotic solvent mixture. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Electrospinning of a Copolymer PVDF- co-HFP Solved in DMF/Acetone: Explicit Relations among Viscosity, Polymer Concentration, DMF/Acetone Ratio and Mean Nanofiber Diameter. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193418. [PMID: 34641233 PMCID: PMC8512270 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of electrospinning polymer solutions depends on many entry parameters, with each having a significant impact on the overall process and where complexity prevents the expression of their interplay. However, under the assumption that most parameters are fixed, it is possible to evaluate the mutual relations between pairs or triples of the chosen parameters. In this case, the experiments were carried out with a copolymer poly(vinylidene-co-hexafluoropropylene) solved in mixed N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF)/acetone solvent for eight polymer concentrations (8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, and 27 wt.%) and five DMF/acetone ratios (1/0, 4/1, 2/1, 1/1, 1/2). Processing of the obtained data (viscosity, mean nanofiber diameter) aimed to determine algebraic expressions relating both to viscosity and a mean nanofiber diameter with polymer concentration, as well as DMF/acetone ratio. Moreover, a master curve relating these parameters with no fitting factors was proposed continuously covering a sufficiently broad range of concentration as well as DMF/acetone ratio. A comparison of algebraic evaluation with the experimental data seems to be very good (the mean deviation for viscosity was about 2%, while, for a mean nanofiber diameter was slightly less than 10%).
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Chae J, Lim T, Cheng H, Hu J, Kim S, Jung W. Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes-Based Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane for Highly Increased Water Treatment. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102498. [PMID: 34684938 PMCID: PMC8539680 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As contaminated water increases due to environmental pollution, the need for excellent water treatment is increased, and several studies have reported the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based water treatment membranes. However, the PVDF membrane has several problems such as low filtration performance, fouling resistance, and difficulty in precisely controlling the morphology of the pores and hydrophilicity. Therefore, we newly produced a water treatment PVDF membrane containing graphene oxide (GO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to improve the filtration performance. Surface properties of the fabricated membrane such as morphology, and size of pores, hydrophilicity, and water flux of the membrane were investigated. Additionally, the performance of these membrane filters was evaluated for free residual chlorine, turbidity, chromaticity, magnesium, sulfate, and particulates class 1 according to drinking water management act criteria, respectively. A performance improvement of at least 108.37% was observed compared to the Pure PVDF filter module and anti-fouling effects due to the functional groups of GO and MWCNTs. These results reveal that proposed membrane can accelerate the development of various water filtration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungryeong Chae
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.C.); (T.L.); (H.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Taeuk Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.C.); (T.L.); (H.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Hao Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.C.); (T.L.); (H.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Jie Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.C.); (T.L.); (H.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Department of Electronics Convergence Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (W.J.); Tel.: +82-42-821-6647 (W.J.)
| | - Wonsuk Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.C.); (T.L.); (H.C.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (W.J.); Tel.: +82-42-821-6647 (W.J.)
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