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Luisa de Castro E Silva H, Robles-Aguilar AA, Akyol Ç, Willems B, Meers E. Potential availability of metals in anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of pig manure and maize. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130818. [PMID: 38735342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to analyse the potential availability of essential metals including as Co, Fe, Ni, Zn, Mn, and Cu and non-essential metals such as Pb, Cr, and Cd within anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of pig manure and maize. The metals partitioning was determined using the Modified BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction at defined intervals over a 45-days period, correlating changes in metals speciation with key digestion variables. The findings revealed that Cr, Cu, Fe, and Pb were predominantly associated with the oxidisable fraction, while Zn, Mn, and Cd were potentially available in both processes. Notably, NH4+-N and the VFAs, except propionic acid, correlated significantly with the available fractions of Co, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cr, and Pb during mono-digestion of pig manure. The wider pH range and the chemical properties of the feedstock in co-digestion resulted in varied correlations between the metals availability and the digestion variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen Luisa de Castro E Silva
- Laboratory for Bioresource Recovery, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Ana A Robles-Aguilar
- BETA Technological Center. Futurlab, Can Baumann Ctra de Roda 70, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Çağrı Akyol
- Laboratory for Bioresource Recovery, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Erik Meers
- Laboratory for Bioresource Recovery, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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2
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Koutsiantzi C, Koukovinos K, Liatsou A, Gkotsis P, Zouboulis A, Mitrakas M, Kikkinides ES. Anaerobic digestion biogas upgrading using a two-stage membrane system under pilot-scale conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118080. [PMID: 38171469 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, the construction, and operation of a pilot-scale biogas upgrading system is presented, employing 2 commercial polyimide (PI) membranes. The Upgrading system treats biogas produced via anaerobic digestion of the sludge, produced from the treatment of municipal wastewater in the facilities of Thessaloniki's Wastewater Treatment Plant. The goal of the separation unit is the production of high purity biomethane (>95%) for potential reuse in terms of energy. The fabrication of the pilot scale system includes the scale up of a laboratory setup separating CO2 from binary CH4-CO2 gas mixture. After the stability tests of the process, for the operation of 5 months (February to June 2023) the purity and recovery of CH4 in the final gas product. The experimental results showed an average recovery of CH4 of 95.7% for an average 55% feed composition, whereas the average purity in the final product was equal to 82.4%. The purity results were lower because of the N2 presence in the product stream (average 17.5%). After normalization with the help of the lab-scale binary results, the expected results assuming N2 absence would be 99.8% CH4 purity and 67% CH4 recovery. Finally, 3 different membrane configurations are compared in terms of their energy production, concluding to the efficiency of 2-stage configuration with recycling stream for the optimal combination of theoretical stage cut fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angela Liatsou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petros Gkotsis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Manassis Mitrakas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Mozhiarasi V, Natarajan TS, Karthik V, Anburajan P. Potential of biofuel production from leather solid wastes: Indian scenario. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:125214-125237. [PMID: 37488387 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
India is one among the major leather-producing countries in the world which shares close to one-fourth of the world's leather solid wastes and most of these wastes are not effectively utilized. These wastes are rich in protein and lipids that could be a potential feedstock for biofuel production, i.e., biogas, biodiesel, etc. Among the 150,000 tons of daily leather solid wastes in India, approximately 87,150 tons are shared by pre-tanning operations (i.e., raw trimmings, fleshing, and hair wastes) while the rest of the 62,850 tons are shared by tanning, post-tanning, and finishing operations (i.e., wet blue trimmings, chrome splits, shavings, buffing dust, crust trimming wastes). This review article shows that there is considerable bioenergy potential for the use of leather solid wastes as a green fuel. The biogas potential of leather solid wastes is estimated to be 40,532.9 m3/day whereas the biodiesel potential is estimated as 15,452.6 L/day. The bio-oil and bio-char potential of leather solid wastes is estimated to be 80,513.0 L/day and 45.8 tons/day, respectively. Several factors influence the biofuel process efficacy, which needs to be taken into consideration while setting up a biofuel recovery plant. The overall biofuel potential of leather solid wastes shows that this feedstock is an untapped resource for energy recovery to add commercial benefits to India's energy supply. Furthermore, in addition to the economic benefits for investors, the use of leather solid wastes for biofuel production will yield a positive environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velusamy Mozhiarasi
- CLRI Regional Centre Jalandhar, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Jalandhar, Punjab, 144021, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Thillai Sivakumar Natarajan
- Environmental Science Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijayarangan Karthik
- CLRI Regional Centre Jalandhar, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Jalandhar, Punjab, 144021, India
| | - Parthiban Anburajan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
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Zarina R, Mezule L. Opportunities for resource recovery from Latvian municipal sewage sludge. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20435. [PMID: 37810806 PMCID: PMC10556758 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sewage sludge is a type of waste that has high health and environmental risks associated with its reuse. Moreover, sludge has been neglected in global circular economy targets because it is generated in considerably lower quantities than municipal solid waste. At the same time, European Union's transition towards circular economy has set the need to reduce the amount of waste and to promote the production of secondary raw materials. Many countries have developed national strategies for sludge management to reach their sustainability goals. In Latvia, the current sludge management approaches include land application, composting and anaerobic digestion which all utilize sludge as an organic fertilizer. As an alternative to current management practices, resource recovery is put forward as a solution that is in agreement with EU policy. Carbohydrates (including cellulose), proteins and lipids were selected as candidates for energy and materials recovery from sludge. For the first time, this study demonstrates a comprehensive assessment of Latvian municipal sewage sludge composition and offers the theoretical yields of secondary resources on a yearly basis. Primary, secondary, and anaerobically digested sludge from 13 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Latvia was characterized in this study. The most abundant sludge type - secondary sludge - contained 18.5% proteins, 9.8% lipids and 2.6% cellulose per TS. On a yearly basis, secondary sludge from all Latvian WWTPs could provide 2530 t proteins, corresponding to 750 t protein-based fertilizer. Primary sludge contained 23.9% proteins, 9.1% lipids and 7.1% cellulose per TS. Primary sludge could provide 763 t/a carbohydrates, including 545 t/a cellulose. The currently available secondary and digested sludge would yield 727 t bioethanol, corresponding to 4.0% of the national biofuel consumption. This work applies the concept of resource recovery to the Latvian wastewater sector and shows the potential of simultaneously addressing waste and wastewater management issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Zarina
- Water Research and Environmental Biotechnology laboratory, Riga Technical University, Kipsalas 6A-263, Riga, Latvia
| | - Linda Mezule
- Water Research and Environmental Biotechnology laboratory, Riga Technical University, Kipsalas 6A-263, Riga, Latvia
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Mendoza-Tinoco TP, Sánchez-Vázquez V, Del Carmen Fajardo-Ortiz M, González I, Beristain-Cardoso R. How does a low-magnitude electric field influence anaerobic digestion in wastewater treatment? A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138402. [PMID: 36921776 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a physio-biochemical process widely used for treating industrial or municipal wastewater with concomitant methane production. Several technologies have been tested to improve AD's efficiency, like pretreatments and co-digestion, among others. Recently the imposition of a low-magnitude electric field (LMEF) has been applied at the AD to improve methane yield. Despite the positive results of imputing an electric field, many gaps are not understood yet. Therefore, this review focuses on the biochemical aspects of AD and electric field for a better understanding of the effect of the LMEF on the metabolisms of the AD during wastewater treatment and its application in methane production enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Paola Mendoza-Tinoco
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Av. San Rafael Atlixco, No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma, C.P. 09310, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Vázquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica, Av. San Rafael Atlixco, No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma, C.P. 09310, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Del Carmen Fajardo-Ortiz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Av. San Rafael Atlixco, No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma, C.P. 09310, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ignacio González
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco, No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma, C.P. 09310, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Beristain-Cardoso
- Departamento de Recursos de La Tierra, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Lerma, Av. De Las Garzas, No, 10, Col. El Panteón, C.P.52005, Municipio Lerma de Villada, Estado de México, Mexico.
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Butylskii D, Troitskiy V, Chuprynina D, Kharchenko I, Ryzhkov I, Apel P, Pismenskaya N, Nikonenko V. Selective Separation of Singly Charged Chloride and Dihydrogen Phosphate Anions by Electrobaromembrane Method with Nanoporous Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050455. [PMID: 37233516 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The entrance of even a small amount of phosphorus compounds into natural waters leads to global problems that require the use of modern purification technologies. This paper presents the results of testing a hybrid electrobaromembrane (EBM) method for the selective separation of Cl- (always present in phosphorus-containing waters) and H2PO4- anions. Separated ions of the same charge sign move in an electric field through the pores of a nanoporous membrane to the corresponding electrode, while a commensurate counter-convective flow in the pores is created by a pressure drop across the membrane. It has been shown that EBM technology provides high fluxes of ions being separated across the membrane as well as a high selectivity coefficient compared to other membrane methods. During the processing of solution containing 0.05 M NaCl and 0.05 M NaH2PO4, the flux of phosphates through a track-etched membrane can reach 0.29 mol/(m2×h). Another possibility for separation is the EBM extraction of chlorides from the solution. Its flux can reach 0.40 mol/(m2×h) through the track-etched membrane and 0.33 mol/(m2×h) through a porous aluminum membrane. The separation efficiency can be very high by using both the porous anodic alumina membrane with positive fixed charges and the track-etched membrane with negative fixed charges due to the possibility of directing the fluxes of separated ions in opposite sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Butylskii
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Troitskiy
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Daria Chuprynina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Ivan Kharchenko
- Institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS, 50-44 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ilya Ryzhkov
- Institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS, 50-44 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Apel
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot-Curie St., 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Natalia Pismenskaya
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Victor Nikonenko
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
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de Carvalho JC, de Souza Vandenberghe LP, Sydney EB, Karp SG, Magalhães AI, Martinez-Burgos WJ, Medeiros ABP, Thomaz-Soccol V, Vieira S, Letti LAJ, Rodrigues C, Woiciechowski AL, Soccol CR. Biomethane Production from Sugarcane Vinasse in a Circular Economy: Developments and Innovations. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane ethanol production generates about 360 billion liters of vinasse, a liquid effluent with an average chemical oxygen demand of 46,000 mg/L. Vinasse still contains about 11% of the original energy from sugarcane juice, but this chemical energy is diluted. This residue, usually discarded or applied in fertigation, is a suitable substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD). Although the technology is not yet widespread—only 3% of bioethanol plants used it in Brazil in the past, most discontinuing the process—the research continues. With a biomethane potential ranging from 215 to 324 L of methane produced by kilogram of organic matter in vinasse, AD could improve the energy output of sugarcane biorefineries. At the same time, the residual digestate could still be used as an agricultural amendment or for microalgal production for further stream valorization. This review presents the current technology for ethanol production from sugarcane and describes the state of the art in vinasse AD, including technological trends, through a recent patent evaluation. It also appraises the integration of vinasse AD in an ideal sugarcane biorefinery approach. It finally discusses bottlenecks and presents possible directions for technology development and widespread adoption of this simple yet powerful approach for bioresource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio Cesar de Carvalho
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Bittencourt Sydney
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Ponta Grossa 84016-210, PR, Brazil
| | - Susan Grace Karp
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Antonio Irineudo Magalhães
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Walter José Martinez-Burgos
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Adriane Bianchi Pedroni Medeiros
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz-Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Vieira
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Ponta Grossa 84016-210, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristine Rodrigues
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Adenise Lorenci Woiciechowski
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
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Application of Bioelectrochemical Systems and Anaerobic Additives in Wastewater Treatment: A Conceptual Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054753. [PMID: 36902185 PMCID: PMC10003464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The interspecies electron transfer (IET) between microbes and archaea is the key to how the anaerobic digestion process performs. However, renewable energy technology that utilizes the application of a bioelectrochemical system together with anaerobic additives such as magnetite-nanoparticles can promote both direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) as well as indirect interspecies electron transfer (IIET). This has several advantages, including higher removal of toxic pollutants present in municipal wastewater, higher biomass to renewable energy conversion, and greater electrochemical efficiencies. This review explores the synergistic influence of bioelectrochemical systems and anaerobic additives on the anaerobic digestion of complex substrates such as sewage sludge. The review discussions present the mechanisms and limitations of the conventional anaerobic digestion process. In addition, the applicability of additives in syntrophic, metabolic, catalytic, enzymatic, and cation exchange activities of the anaerobic digestion process are highlighted. The synergistic effect of bio-additives and operational factors of the bioelectrochemical system is explored. It is elucidated that a bioelectrochemical system coupled with nanomaterial additives can increase biogas-methane potential compared to anaerobic digestion. Therefore, the prospects of a bioelectrochemical system for wastewater require research attention.
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Mozhiarasi V, Natarajan TS, Dhamodharan K. A high-value biohythane production: Feedstocks, reactor configurations, pathways, challenges, technoeconomics and applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115094. [PMID: 36535394 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the demand for high-quality biofuels from renewable sources has become an aspirational goal to offer a clean environment by alternating the depleting fossil fuels to meet future energy needs. In this aspect, biohythane production from wastes has received extensive research interest since it contains superior fuel characteristics than the promising conventional biofuel i.e. biogas. The main aim is to promote research and potentials of biohythane production by a systematic review of scientific literature on the biohythane production pathways, substrate/microbial consortium suitability, reactor design, and influential process/operational factors. Reactor configuration also decides the product yield in addition to other key factors like waste composition, temperature, pH, retention time and loading rates. Hence, a detailed emphasis on different reactor configurations with respect to the type of feedstock has also been given. The technical challenges are highlighted towards process optimization and system scale up. Meanwhile, solutions to improve product yield, technoeconomics, applications and key policy and governance factors to build a hydrogen based society have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velusamy Mozhiarasi
- CLRI Regional Centre, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Jalandhar, 144 021, Punjab, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Thillai Sivakumar Natarajan
- Environmental Science Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kondusamy Dhamodharan
- School of Energy and Environment, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147 004, Punjab, India
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Song H, Hou T, Jiao Y, Liu L, Pan X, Li G, Zhang Q, Zeng Y, Cui Z, Li P, Awasthi MK, He C. Supplementation of CO 2-nanobubble water to enhance the methane production from anaerobic digestion of corn straw. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137613. [PMID: 36549508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanobubble water (NBW) could improve methane production from anaerobic digestion (AD) of corn straw without secondary contamination. In this study, the effect of carbon dioxide nanobubble water (CO2-NBW) volumes (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) on methane production from corn straw was investigated. The results showed that addition of CO2-NBW could improve methane production and promote substrate degradation in AD process. The highest cumulative methane production of 132.16 mL g-1VSadded was obtained in the 100% CO2-NBW added reactor, which was 17% higher than that in the control group. Additionally, the addition of CO2-NBW could mitigate the sharp decrease in pH by acting as a buffer. CO2-NBW could also enhance microorganism activity throughout the AD process. The electron transport system (ETS) activity was increased by 23%, while the β-glucosidase, dehydrogenase (DHA), and coenzyme F420 activities were increased by 15%, 23%, and 11%, respectively, at optimum addition of CO2-NBW. Meanwhile, addition of CO2-NBW accelerated the production and consumption of reducing sugar and volatile fatty acids (VFAs), promoting the reduction rates of TS (Total solid) and VS (Volatile solid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Youzhou Jiao
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaohui Pan
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Quanguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cui
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Chao He
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Nanomaterials, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Yun S, Xing T, Wang Y, Chen R, Han F, Zhang C, Zou M. Mineral residue accelerant-enhanced anaerobic digestion of cow manure: An evaluation system of comprehensive performance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159840. [PMID: 36369680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an efficient technology for treating biowaste and generating biogas. A reasonable evaluation of AD performance is crucial to its development. Herein, a comprehensive evaluation system covering five dimensions (energy output, process stability, degradation efficiency, digestate fertility, and digestate safety) was established to assess AD performance. Each dimension in the evaluation system was assigned a specific indicator defined by a threshold or range. Additionally, the proposed evaluation system was applied to assess a case study of batch-mode mesophilic AD that employed three industrial waste residues as mineral accelerants (nickel‑iron slag, steel slag, and fly ash). The mineral accelerants enhanced the energy output (methane yield by 66.55 %-87.54 %) and the feedstock degradation (chemical oxygen demand removal ratio by 11.23 %-32.42 %). The digestates also retained promising safety (heavy metal contents of 190-1260 mg/kg) and fertility (total nutrient contents of 3.71 %-4.69 %). The evaluation system reasonably appraised the comprehensive performance of accelerant-enhanced AD systems with cow manure. This work provides a reliable methodology for evaluating and comparing the performance of different novel accelerants and can be applied to evaluate the comprehensive performance of large-scale biogas projects with cow manure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sining Yun
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China; Qinghai Building and Materials Research Academy Co., Ltd, The Key Lab of Plateau Building and Eco-community in Qinghai, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China.
| | - Tian Xing
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Feng Han
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Ming Zou
- Research Institute, JISCO Hongxing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Jiayuguan, Gansu 735100, China
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12
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Assessing Physiochemical Characteristics of Agricultural Waste and Ready Compost at Wadi Al-Far'a Watershed of Palestine. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 2023:6147506. [PMID: 36755786 PMCID: PMC9902146 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6147506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The Wadi Al-Far'a Watershed (WFW) is one of the most important agricultural lands in Palestine where considerable amounts of organic wastes are generated. Yet, mismanagement of agricultural waste, including random disposal and/or burning, is a prevalent practice in the WFW. Such a practice might result in greenhouse gas emissions and leachate penetration into underlying soil and groundwater. To encourage compost production in the WFW as an efficient way for organic agricultural waste treatment and emission reduction, this study aims at evaluating the quality of both raw organic agricultural waste and ready compost, locally produced or imported. The evaluation considers the physiochemical characteristics as well as the heavy metal contents. The analysis of 17 samples of raw organic agricultural waste showed a good potential for compost production due to the high content of organic matter and other nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The analysis of 15 ready compost samples, however, showed that compost quality is relatively low due to the high electrical conductivity and low moisture content measurements as well as the high levels of sodium, chloride, and potassium. Furthermore, heavy metal contents of both raw organic agricultural waste and ready compost samples are less than the limits specified by the Palestinian and international standards. Therefore, local farmers can safely use raw organic agricultural waste generated in the WFW for compost production. Composting will not only enhance soil reclamation and crop production but also protect human health and the environment and promote sustainable economic development.
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13
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Thermodynamic Equilibrium Study of Anaerobic Digestion through Helmholtz Equation of State. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing attention regarding a more sustainable future, and thus into energy recovery and waste reduction technologies, has intensified the interest towards processes which allow to exploit waste and biomasses to generate energy, such as the anaerobic digestion. Improving the efficiency of this industrial application is crucial to increase methane production, and is essential from the economic, environmental and safety point of view. This study focuses on the thermodynamic modelling of a steady-state reactor as a flash unit, in order to determine the best operating conditions to produce the maximum amount of pure bio-methane. To this purpose, a new hybrid approach based on the Peng–Robinson cubic equation of state and on the Multi-Parameter Helmholtz-Energy EoS has been proposed. The simulations, performed using the developed algorithm at temperatures between 20 and 55 °C and at pressure values between 0.3 atm and 1.5 atm, point out that the fugacity of the mixture evaluated with the proposed technique is much more accurate and reliable than the one calculated with the PR EoS. In addition, this research has shown not only that the purity and the production of the biogas can be optimised by working at mesophilic conditions and at pressure between 1 atm and 1.5 atm, but also that it is not convenient to operate in a temperature range of 42 °C–45 °C, since about 20 % more H2S goes into the exiting biogas, reducing the CH4 amount and raising the post-treatment costs. Lastly, it has been seen that there is a significant water content in the vapour phase (∼5 %wt.), and this is a factor to be taken into account in order to improve the process.
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14
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Methane Production of Pistia Stratiotes as a Single Substrate and as a Co-Substrate with Dairy Cow Manure. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mono anaerobic digestion (AD) of dairy cow manure (DCM) is constrained by high moisture, ash and crude fibre content. Anaerobic co-digestion DCM and other biomass is one of the methods to overcome this drawback. This study aimed to evaluate: methane production from different parts of Pistia stratiotes (PS), methane production from the mixed substrate of PS and DCM in different proportions of PS in terms of volatile solids (VS) (0%, 7.99%, 14.91%, and 20.94%) using continuous digesters, and the potency of biogas yield from the digested slurry. Methane production from the whole plant, shoot system, and root of PS was 405.68, 416.82, and 326.42 L/kg VS, respectively. The highest methane production was obtained from the shoot system because that part contained higher crude protein and hemicellulose contents. Utilization of PS as a co-substrate for AD of the DCM can increase methane production by 28.65–56.98% compared to the control digester. No effect on pH, total ammonia nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid indicated that PS was suitable as a co-substrate of DCM and can significantly increase methane yield of the mixed substrate. AD of digested slurries showed that to recover the biogas production from the mixed substrate, the post-digestion treatment should be applied before the slurries are used as organic fertilizer.
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15
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Sharma J, Joshi M, Bhatnagar A, Chaurasia AK, Nigam S. Pharmaceutical residues: One of the significant problems in achieving 'clean water for all' and its solution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114219. [PMID: 36057333 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid emergence of various metabolic and multiple-drug-resistant infectious diseases, new pharmaceuticals are continuously being introduced in the market. The excess production and use of pharmaceuticals and their untreated/unmetabolized release in the environment cause the contamination of aquatic ecosystem, and thus, compromise the environment and human-health. The present review provides insights into the classification, sources, occurrence, harmful impacts, and existing technologies to curb these problems. A comprehensive detail of various biological and nanotechnological strategies for the removal of pharmaceutical residues from water is critically discussed focusing on their efficiencies, and current limitations to design improved-technologies for their lab-to-field applications. Furthermore, the review highlights and suggests the scope of integrated bionanotechnological methods for enhanced removal of pharmaceutical residues from water to fulfill the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (UN-SDG) for providing clean potable water for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monika Joshi
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Akhilesh K Chaurasia
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Subhasha Nigam
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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16
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Entrena-Barbero E, Feijoo G, González-García S, Moreira MT. Blue carbon accounting as metrics to be taken into account towards the target of GHG emissions mitigation in fisheries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157558. [PMID: 35901881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development must address the balance between sustainable growth and tackling climate change. In this context, forests can help to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, unfortunately, equivalent solutions in the ocean are often overlooked. Moreover, the complexity in determining the real impact of fishing on the environment is not a trivial issue. Thus, the aim of this study is to broaden the scope and analyse, for the first time, the entire carbon cycle associated with the life cycle of a fish: Scomber scombrus from a fishery located in the Cantabrian Sea (Spain). From this carbon cycle assessment, it is estimated that fishing activity has prevented 871.7 t of carbon (in terms of blue carbon) from being sequestered each year. This value comes from the fraction of fish that would have died of natural causes if they had not been caught, reaching the seabed, and undergoing remineralisation processes of the carbon content of their bodies. Beyond these results, it is vital to implement a series of actions with the aim of counteracting the amount of carbon that could have been sequestered on the seabed by the natural death of the fishes if they had not been caught. To this end, it is shown that the implementation of technical improvements to the vessels, the replacement of the current fuel used and the rearrangement of shipping routes in combination with an extension in the closed fishing season and a commitment to an omnivorous diet, allows for a reduction in carbon flow of almost 90 % of the blue carbon that has been prevented from being sequestered by fisheries. A consequential approach can then identify the influence of the proposed changes on their corresponding carbon flows for use as decision criteria in regulating fisheries and environmental management policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Entrena-Barbero
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Gumersindo Feijoo
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sara González-García
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Teresa Moreira
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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17
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Keerthana Devi M, Manikandan S, Oviyapriya M, Selvaraj M, Assiri MA, Vickram S, Subbaiya R, Karmegam N, Ravindran B, Chang SW, Awasthi MK. Recent advances in biogas production using Agro-Industrial Waste: A comprehensive review outlook of Techno-Economic analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127871. [PMID: 36041677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agrowaste sources can be utilized to produce biogas by anaerobic digestion reaction. Fossil fuels have damaged the environment, while the biogas rectifies the issues related to the environment and climate change problems. Techno-economic analysis of biogas production is followed by nutrient recycling, reducing the greenhouse gas level, biorefinery purpose, and global warming effect. In addition, biogas production is mediated by different metabolic reactions, the usage of different microorganisms, purification process, upgrading process and removal of CO₂ from the gas mixture techniques. This review focuses on pre-treatment, usage of waste, production methods and application besides summarizing recent advancements in biogas production. Economical, technical, environmental properties and factors affecting biogas production as well as the future perspective of bioenergy are highlighted in the review. Among all agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane straw produced 94% of the biogas. In the future, to overcome all the problems related to biogas production and modify the production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keerthana Devi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3# Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Manikandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Oviyapriya
- Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Near Virudhunagar, Madurai 625 701, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sundaram Vickram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Subbaiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P O Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - N Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S W Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3# Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China.
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18
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Emmanuel JK, Nganyira PD, Shao GN. Evaluating the potential applications of brewers' spent grain in biogas generation, food and biotechnology industry: A review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11140. [PMCID: PMC9626929 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breweries, as the major users of fossil fuels, are constantly under economic and environmental pressure to minimize energy consumption and residual management costs. Biogas generation from brewing wastes is a realistic solution for significantly reducing fossil fuel use. Brewers' spent grain (BSG) forms about eighty per cent of the total wastes from a brewing plant. BSG has a high cellulose and non-cellulosic polysaccharides content which makes it potential for biogas production. This paper reviews the potential applications of BSG as an alternative substrate for production of biogas and the recent achievements which have been attained in anaerobic digestion (AD) technology. The usability of BSG in diverse technologies including production of animal and human food and as a medium for growing microorganisms and enzymes is reviewed. The chemical processes involved in producing biogas from BSG are discussed.
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19
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Moirana RL, Mkunda J, Paradelo M, Machunda R, Mtei K. Remediation of Soils Contaminated by Fluoride Using a Fermentation Product of Seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii). APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL SOIL SCIENCE 2022; 2022:1-11. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6967031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of fermented seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) on the remediation of fluoride-contaminated soil. The soil was amended with either 1.25, 3.0, or 5.0% (w/w) fermented seaweed (FSW), parallel with the controls (0%). The amendment improved the physicochemical properties of the soil particularly pH regulated from strong alkaline (9.3) to neutral (7.0) which is essential for germination, crop growth, and yield. The amount of water soluble-fluoride (Ws-F) dropped from 81.7 ± 3.1 mg/kg to 42.7 ± 2.4, 33.7 ± 1.2, 19.6 ± 0.9, and 12 ± 1.3 mg/kg following 0, 1.25, 3, and 5% amendment dosage, respectively. Most of the Ws-F was converted into exchangeable fluoride (Ex-F) and to fluoride-bound to iron and manganese (Fe/Mn-F). Furthermore, the amendment also enhanced microbial mass and diversity in the soil. The FSW contains organic acids which participate in ionic bonding with the multivalent cations in the soil. The formed compound participates in ion exchange with clay or with anionic adsorption to positively charged clay sites at the edges. This interaction is further essential for enhancing the fluoride holding capacity of the soil. The use of seaweed reduced the bioavailability of fluoride in the agricultural soils and had positive effects on promoting soil fertility. However, further studies to observe its effects on crop performance is of significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Lorivi Moirana
- The Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, School of Material Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 447, Nambala, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Josephine Mkunda
- The Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, School of Material Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 447, Nambala, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Marcos Paradelo
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, London, UK
| | - Revocatus Machunda
- The Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, School of Material Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 447, Nambala, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Kelvin Mtei
- The Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, School of Material Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 447, Nambala, Arusha, Tanzania
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20
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Palakodeti A, Rupani PF, Azman S, Dewil R, Appels L. Novel approach to ammonia recovery from anaerobic digestion via side-stream stripping at multiple pH levels. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127685. [PMID: 35878773 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia recovery from anaerobic digesters via side-stream stripping is a technique to recover nitrogen from manure wastes. This study demonstrated a novel approach to determining ammonia recovery to maintain total ammonia concentrations in the digester in the range of 1.7-2.1 gN/L. Increasing the pH during stripping from 8, 8.5 to 9.5 did not affect the stability of the digester. Methane yields of 60-80 mL/(gVS.d) and volatile fatty acid concentrations of 0-500 mg/L were reported throughout its operation. The low solubilisation increase upon recirculation of the digestate explained the lack of change in methane yields due to side-stream stripping. Increasing the pH during stripping also did not affect the digester's operating pH, which was attributed to the neutralising effect of biogas as stripping gas. Therefore, total ammonia concentrations in the digester can be controlled by determining the extent of ammonia recovery, and the pH during stripping can be increased without compromising the digester's stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advait Palakodeti
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
| | - Parveen Fatemeh Rupani
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
| | - Samet Azman
- Avans University of Applied Sciences, Academy of Life Sciences and Technology, Lovensdijkstraat 61, 4818 AJ, Breda, Netherlands
| | - Raf Dewil
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium; University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Lise Appels
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
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21
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Hazra M, Joshi H, Williams JB, Watts JEM. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria/genes in urban wastewater: A comparison of their fate in conventional treatment systems and constructed wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135148. [PMID: 35640694 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern that the use and misuse of antibiotics can increase the detection of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in wastewater. Conventional wastewater treatment plants provide a pathway for ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) to be released into natural water bodies. Research has indicated that conventional primary and secondary treatment systems can reduce ARGs/ARB to varying degrees. However, in developing/low-income countries, only 8-28% of wastewater is treated via conventional treatment processes, resulting in the environment being exposed to high levels of ARGs, ARB and pharmaceuticals in raw sewage. The use of constructed wetlands (CWs) has the potential to provide a low-cost solution for wastewater treatment, with respect to removal of nutrients, pathogens, ARB/ARGs either as a standalone treatment process or when integrated with conventional treatment systems. Recently, CWs have also been employed for the reduction of antibiotic residues, pharmaceuticals, and emerging contaminants. Given the benefits of ARG removal, low cost of construction, maintenance, energy requirement, and performance efficiencies, CWs offer a promising solution for developing/low-income countries. This review promotes a better understanding of the performance efficiency of treatment technologies (both conventional systems and CWs) for the reduction of antibiotics and ARGs/ARB from wastewater and explores workable alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moushumi Hazra
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Himanshu Joshi
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - John B Williams
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Joy E M Watts
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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22
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Microorganisms as New Sources of Energy. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15176365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of fossil energy sources has a negative impact on the economic and socio-political stability of specific regions and countries, causing environmental changes due to the emission of greenhouse gases. Moreover, the stocks of mineral energy are limited, causing the demand for new types and forms of energy. Biomass is a renewable energy source and represents an alternative to fossil energy sources. Microorganisms produce energy from the substrate and biomass, i.e., from substances in the microenvironment, to maintain their metabolism and life. However, specialized microorganisms also produce specific metabolites under almost abiotic circumstances that often do not have the immediate task of sustaining their own lives. This paper presents the action of biogenic and biogenic–thermogenic microorganisms, which produce methane, alcohols, lipids, triglycerides, and hydrogen, thus often creating renewable energy from waste biomass. Furthermore, some microorganisms acquire new or improved properties through genetic interventions for producing significant amounts of energy. In this way, they clean the environment and can consume greenhouse gases. Particularly suitable are blue-green algae or cyanobacteria but also some otherwise pathogenic microorganisms (E. coli, Klebsiella, and others), as well as many other specialized microorganisms that show an incredible ability to adapt. Microorganisms can change the current paradigm, energy–environment, and open up countless opportunities for producing new energy sources, especially hydrogen, which is an ideal energy source for all systems (biological, physical, technological). Developing such energy production technologies can significantly change the already achieved critical level of greenhouse gases that significantly affect the climate.
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23
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Vannarath A, Thalla AK. Effects of chemical pretreatments on material solubilization of Areca catechu L. husk: Digestion, biodegradability, and kinetic studies for biogas yield. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115322. [PMID: 35658262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the pretreatment-aided anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic residues and to assess the substrate solubilization capacity of pretreatment processes. We evaluated the feasibility of biogas production using chemically pretreated Areca catechu L. (Arecanut husk, AH). AH was pretreated for 24h at two different temperatures-25 °C and 90 °C with four different chemicals viz. H2SO4 (acidic), NaOH (alkaline), H2O2 (oxidative), and ethanol in 1% H2SO4 (organosolv) under each temperature. AH solubilization assessment included analyses of parameters such as volatile solids to total solids (VS:TS) ratio, soluble chemical oxygen demand, total phenolic content, and biomass composition. Alkaline pretreatment of AH at 90 °C resulted in the maximum biogas yield of 683.89mL/gVS, which was 2.3 times more than that obtained using raw AH without pretreatment. Methane content of biogas produced using AH pretreated with 2-10% of NaOH was found to be between 71.53% and 75.06%; methane content of biogas using raw AH was 62.31%. In order to describe the AH degradation patterns, biogas production potential from pretreated AH was evaluated using bacterial kinetic growth models (First-order exponential, logistic, transference, and modified Gompertz models). The modified Gompertz and logistic models (correlation coefficient >0.99) were found to have the best fit of all kinetic models for the cumulative experimental biogas curve. We formulated a multiple linear regression equation depicting the biodegradability index (BI) as a technical tool to determine biomethane production; BI is represented as a function of biomass composition (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), with a high correlation (>0.95). Based on our analyses of AH pretreatment and substrate utilization for biogas production, we propose that the biochemical composition of lignocellulosic residues should be carefully considered to ensure their biodegradability when subjected to anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhirashree Vannarath
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun Kumar Thalla
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, Karnataka, India.
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Alegbeleye O, Daramola OB, Adetunji AT, Ore OT, Ayantunji YJ, Omole RK, Ajagbe D, Adekoya SO. Efficient removal of antibiotics from water resources is a public health priority: a critical assessment of the efficacy of some remediation strategies for antibiotics in water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:56948-57020. [PMID: 35716301 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the fundamental principles and mechanism of antibiotic removal from water of some commonly applied treatment techniques including chlorination, ozonation, UV-irradiation, Fenton processes, photocatalysis, electrochemical-oxidation, plasma, biochar, anaerobicdigestion, activated carbon and nanomaterials. Some experimental shortfalls identified by researchers such as certain characteristics of degradation agent applied and the strategies explored to override the identified limitations are briefly discussed. Depending on interactions of a range of factors including the type of antibiotic compound, operational parameters applied such as pH, temperature and treatment time, among other factors, all reviewed techniques can eliminate or reduce the levels of antibiotic compounds in water to varying extents. Some of the reviewed techniques such as anaerobic digestion generally require longer treatment times (up to 360, 193 and 170 days, according to some studies), while others such as photocatalysis achieved degradation within short contact time (within a minimum of 30, but up to 60, 240, 300 and 1880 minutes, in some cases). For some treatment techniques such as ozonation and Fenton, it is apparent that subjecting compounds to longer treatment times may improve elimination efficiency, whereas for some other techniques such as nanotechnology, application of longer treatment time generally meant comparatively minimal elimination efficiency. Based on the findings of experimental studies summarized, it is apparent that operational parameters such as pH and treatment time, while critical, do not exert sole or primary influence on the elimination percentage(s) achieved. Elimination efficiency achieved rather seems to be due more to the force of a combination of several factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwadara Alegbeleye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
| | | | - Adewole Tomiwa Adetunji
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Wellington, Western Cape, 7654, South Africa
| | - Odunayo T Ore
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji
- Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Advanced Space Technology Applications Laboratory, Cooperative Information Network, National Space Research and Development Agency, Ile-Ife, P.M.B. 022, Nigeria
| | - Richard Kolade Omole
- Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Applied Sciences, Osun State College of Technology, Esa-Oke, Nigeria
| | - Damilare Ajagbe
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma, USA
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Nimita Jebaranjitham J, Selvan Christyraj JD, Prasannan A, Rajagopalan K, Chelladurai KS, Gnanaraja JKJS. Current scenario of solid waste management techniques and challenges in Covid-19 - A review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09855. [PMID: 35800245 PMCID: PMC9249431 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Annually, world generates 2.01 billion tonnes of solid wastes and it is expected to generate 2.2 billion tonnes of solid waste by 2025. Globally double the amount of waste generation was anticipated by 2050, hence an urgent action is required for this intricate problem in adopting better management techniques and recycling strategies. Unfortunately, poor management of wastes causes vulnerable effects to the society in terms of health. Waste management is the key infrastructure to be developed in society, but so far it is not recognized as much in many developing countries. Significant innovations and improvements are made in the last few decades globally, but still 2 to 3 billion people around the world lack access to waste collection services. The aim of this present study is to give an overview of different types of waste techniques that are effectively followed by different countries and the action plans need to follow. This review focuses on the global current scenario of waste generation, and its management methods with relevant literatures providing the upgrades in the phases of waste management services like collection and transport, various techniques adopted for waste management, policies and legislation, countries investment in waste management process and the impact of solid waste management during Covid-19. Collectively we conclude that Asian countries need to allot more fund for handling solid waste. Also with the available waste management technique, it is not possible to achieve zero waste. Therefore, more new techniques are needed to be adapted.
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Deena SR, Vickram AS, Manikandan S, Subbaiya R, Karmegam N, Ravindran B, Chang SW, Awasthi MK. Enhanced biogas production from food waste and activated sludge using advanced techniques - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127234. [PMID: 35489575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biogas generation using food waste anaerobic co-digestion with activated sludge provides a cleaner addressable system, an excellent solution to global challenges, the increasing energy demands, fuel charges, pollution and wastewater treatment. Regardless of the anaerobic digestate end product values, the technology lacks efficiency and process instability due to substrate irregularities. Process parameters and substrate composition, play a vital role in the efficiency and outcome of the system. Intrinsic biochar properties such as pore size, specific surface properties and cation exchange capacity make it an ideal additive that enriches microbial functions and enhances anaerobic digestion. The pretreatment and co-digestion of food waste and activated sludge are found to be significant for efficient biogas generation. The advantages, drawbacks, limitations, and technical improvements are covered extensively in the present review besides the recent advancement in the anaerobic digestion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhana Raj Deena
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, TaichengRoad3# Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105. Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A S Vickram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105. Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Manikandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105. Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Subbaiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P O Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - N Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, TaichengRoad3# Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China.
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Composting and Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste and Sewage Sludge for Campus Sustainability: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6455889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Composting and anaerobic digestion have emerged as better options for managing food waste and sewage sludge at the campus level. This review highlights the characteristics of food waste and sewage sludge from various global higher education institutions. The composting and anaerobic digestion processes of food waste and sewage sludge will be reviewed and evaluated. Also, the adoption of composting and anaerobic digestion at various campus levels has been reviewed. The challenges and future direction, focusing on managing university campus composting and anaerobic digestion, are discussed as well. This review paper will significantly contribute to the understanding of the potential for managing and handling campus waste in a natural-friendly manner.
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Biogas Production and Biofertilizer Estimation from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Blends of Wastewater and Microalgae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3560068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the enhancement of biogas production through anaerobic digestion from blends of wastewater and microalgae. The microalgae functioned as a co-substrate. A series of laboratory-scale batch anaerobic co-digestion of the wastewater and microalgae were carried out under mesophilic conditions for 21 days. Biogas production rates from wastewater (WW) alone and different blends of WW and microalgae (MA) were analysed. In addition, the nutrient values and reduction in the volume of the WW after digestion were determined. The results show that the quantity and quality of biogas produced with different mix ratios of WW to MA (WW only, 3 : 1, and 3 : 2) were 24 mL CH4/g COD, 37 mL CH4/g COD, and 44 mL CH4/g COD, respectively. At the optimum mix ratio, the optimum methane produced was 44 mL CH4/g COD, which is much lower than volumes of gas STP conditions, which is 350 mL CH4/g COD. The values of TS, VS, and COD were also reduced by 43.11%, 40.09%, and 71.99% at the optimum mix ratio, respectively. The optimum mix ratio of 1732.77, 77.14, and 174.26 kg/year of urea, diammonium phosphate, and potash fertilizer, respectively, was obtained. The results indicate that biogas production can be improved through co-digestion of WW and MA as a co-substrate relatively, but to improve the production rate another substrate should be investigated. However, the result can be used as a supplementary investigation for practical application in energy production.
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Effect of an Electromagnetic Field on Anaerobic Digestion: Comparing an Electromagnetic System (ES), a Microbial Electrolysis System (MEC), and a Control with No External Force. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113372. [PMID: 35684310 PMCID: PMC9182473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the application of an electromagnetic field to anaerobic digestion by using an electromagnetic system (ES), a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), and a control with no external force. The experimental work was performed by carrying out biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests using 1 L biodigesters. The bioelectrochemical digesters were supplied with 0.4 V for 30 days at 40 °C. The electromagnetic field of the ES was generated by coiling copper wire to form a solenoid in the BMP system, whereas the MEC consisted of zinc and copper electrodes inside the BMP system. The best performing system was the MEC, with a yield of 292.6 mL CH4/g chemical oxygen demand removed (CODremoved), methane content of 86%, a maximum current density of 23.3 mA/m2, a coulombic efficiency of 110.4%, and an electrical conductivity of 180 µS/cm. Above 75% removal of total suspended solids (TSS), total organic carbon (TOC), phosphate, and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was also recorded. However, a longer exposure (>8 days) to higher magnetic intensity (6.24 mT) on the ES reduced its overall performance. In terms of energy, the MEC produced the greatest annual energy profit (327.0 ZAR/kWh or 23.36 USD/kWh). The application of an electromagnetic field in anaerobic digestion, especially a MEC, has the potential to maximize the methane production and the degradability of the wastewater organic content.
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Kabaivanova L, Petrova P, Hubenov V, Simeonov I. Biogas Production Potential of Thermophilic Anaerobic Biodegradation of Organic Waste by a Microbial Consortium Identified with Metagenomics. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050702. [PMID: 35629369 PMCID: PMC9148150 DOI: 10.3390/life12050702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a widespread biological process treating organic waste for green energy production. In this study, wheat straw and corn stalks without any harsh preliminary treatment were collected as a renewable source to be employed in a laboratory-scale digester to produce biogas/biomethane. Processes parameters of temperature, pH, total solids, volatile solid, concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA), and cellulose concentration, were followed. The volume of biogas produced was measured. The impact of organic loading was stated, showing that the process at 55 °C tolerated a higher substrate load, up to 45 g/L. Further substrate increase did not lead to biogas accumulation increase, probably due to inhibition or mass transfer limitations. After a 12-day anaerobic digestion process, cumulative volumes of biogas yields were 4.78 L for 1 L of the bioreactor working volume with substrate loading 30 g/L of wheat straw, 7.39 L for 40 g/L and 8.22 L for 45 g/L. The degree of biodegradation was calculated to be 68.9%, 74% and 72%, respectively. A fast, effective process for biogas production was developed from native wheat straw, with the highest quantity of daily biogas production occurring between day 2 and day 5. Biomethane concentration in the biogas was 60%. An analysis of bacterial diversity by metagenomics revealed that more than one third of bacteria belonged to class Clostridia (32.9%), followed by Bacteroidia (21.5%), Betaproteobacteria (11.2%), Gammaproteobacteria (6.1%), and Alphaproteobacteria (5%). The most prominent genera among them were Proteiniphilum, Proteiniborus, and Pseudomonas. Archaeal share was 1.37% of the microflora in the thermophilic bioreactor, as the genera Methanocorpusculum, Methanobacterium, Methanomassiliicoccus, Methanoculleus, and Methanosarcina were the most abundant. A knowledge of the microbiome residing in the anaerobic digester can be further used for the development of more effective processes in conjunction with theidentified consortium.
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Recovery of Nutrients from Residual Streams Using Ion-Exchange Membranes: Current State, Bottlenecks, Fundamentals and Innovations. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050497. [PMID: 35629823 PMCID: PMC9145069 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review describes the place of membrane methods in solving the problem of the recovery and re-use of biogenic elements (nutrients), primarily trivalent nitrogen NIII and pentavalent phosphorus PV, to provide the sustainable development of mankind. Methods for the recovery of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphates from natural sources and waste products of humans and animals, as well as industrial streams, are classified. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of using membrane processes for the transition to a circular economy in the field of nutrients. The possibilities of different methods, already developed or under development, are evaluated, primarily those that use ion-exchange membranes. Electromembrane methods take a special place including capacitive deionization and electrodialysis applied for recovery, separation, concentration, and reagent-free pH shift of solutions. This review is distinguished by the fact that it summarizes not only the successes, but also the “bottlenecks” of ion-exchange membrane-based processes. Modern views on the mechanisms of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphate transport in ion-exchange membranes in the presence and in the absence of an electric field are discussed. The innovations to enhance the performance of electromembrane separation processes for phosphate and ammonium recovery are considered.
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32
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Prolonged acetogenic phase and biological succession during anaerobic digestion using swine manure. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:733-745. [PMID: 35460047 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, global warming and the limitation of fossil fuels have been causing the governments of different countries to think about the search for more sustainable fuel sources. Biomethane (CH4) has gained increasing attention in recent years as an alternative option for a sustainable source of energy. Biogas is generated during the anaerobic digestion of organic materials by the metabolism of complex microbial communities in the substrates that make up this digestion. The microbial community evaluation using 16S rDNA metabarcoding in a bench covered pond bioreactor using swine effluent revealed the dominant bacteria belonging to Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla. The methanogenic group was represented by the Euryarchaeota phylum. It was possible to observe that the relative frequency of the methanogenic archaea community decreased with the anaerobic digestion, indicating a biological succession stage. On the other hand, there was a predominant acetogenic diversity in this final stage. These data showed stabilization of biomethane production, although the microbial community of methanogens has drastically reduced in the late process.
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33
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Lin Z, Ooi JK, Woon KS. An integrated life cycle multi-objective optimization model for health-environment-economic nexus in food waste management sector. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151541. [PMID: 34774629 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Food waste is a universal problem in many countries. In line with Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 12, it is crucial to identify a cost-effective food waste valorization management framework with the least human health and environmental impacts. However, studies on the synergistic effect of life cycle assessment and mathematical optimization interconnected with human health, environment, and economic are relatively few and far between; hence they cannot provide holistic recommendations to policymakers in developing environmental and economic feasibility of food waste management frameworks. Taking Malaysia as a case study, this study proposes a simple and deterministic model that integrates life cycle assessment and multi-objective mathematical optimization to unpack the health-environment-economic wellbeing nexus in food waste management sector. The model evaluates the life cycle human health, environmental, and economic impacts of five food waste disposal and valorization technologies: open landfill, sanitary landfill, aerated windrow composting, high-temperature drying sterilization, and anaerobic digestion, and identifies the optimal food waste valorization configuration solution in Malaysia. Based on the results modeled by SimaPro 9.0 and General Algebraic Modeling System with augmented ε-constraint, valorization of food waste into electricity via anaerobic digestion is the most favorable option, with 146% and 161% reduction of human health and ecosystems, respectively, as compared with open landfill. If cost is combined as an objective function with human health and ecosystems, high-temperature drying sterilization is the most attractive scenario due to the high livestock feed revenue. Among the 10 Pareto-optimal solutions, 9% sanitary landfill, 3% aerated windrow composting, 30% high-temperature drying sterilization, 30% anaerobic digestion to electricity, and 28% anaerobic digestion to cooking gas, is recommended as future food waste management configuration. The sensitivity results demonstrate that prices of electricity, cooking gas, and livestock feed affect the optimal configuration food waste management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuchao Lin
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jun Keat Ooi
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kok Sin Woon
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Varghese VK, Poddar BJ, Shah MP, Purohit HJ, Khardenavis AA. A comprehensive review on current status and future perspectives of microbial volatile fatty acids production as platform chemicals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152500. [PMID: 34968606 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFA), the secondary metabolite of microbial fermentation, are used in a wide range of industries for production of commercially valuable chemicals. In this review, the fermentative production of VFAs by both pure as well mixed microbial cultures is highlighted along with the strategies for enhancing the VFA production through innovations in existing approaches. Role of conventionally applied tools for the optimization of operational parameters such as pH, temperature, retention time, organic loading rate, and headspace pressure has been discussed. Furthermore, a comparative assessment of above strategies on VFA production has been done with alternate developments such as co-fermentation, substrate pre-treatment, and in situ removal from fermented broth. The review also highlights the applications of different bioreactor geometries in the optimum production of VFAs and how metagenomic tools could provide a detailed insight into the microbial communities and their functional attributes that could be subjected to metabolic engineering for the efficient production of VFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Varghese
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division (EBGD), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Bhagyashri J Poddar
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division (EBGD), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Maulin P Shah
- Industrial Waste Water Research Lab, Division of Applied and Environmental Microbiology Lab, Enviro Technology Ltd., Ankleshwar 393002, India
| | - Hemant J Purohit
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division (EBGD), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Anshuman A Khardenavis
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division (EBGD), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Mozhiarasi V. Overview of pretreatment technologies on vegetable, fruit and flower market wastes disintegration and bioenergy potential: Indian scenario. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132604. [PMID: 34678338 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of segregated organic fractions of centralized wholesale market wastes (i.e. vegetable, fruit and flower markets waste) in dumpsites/landfills are not only a serious issue but also underutilizes the huge potency of these organic wastes. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising technology for converting organic wastes into methane, as a carbon-neutral alternative to conventional fuels. The major challenges related to the AD process are poor biodegradation of wastes and buffering capacity within the anaerobic digester that lowers the biogas yield. To accelerate biodegradation and to enhance the process efficacy of anaerobic digestion, several pretreatment technologies (mechanical, thermal, biological, chemical and combined pre-treatments) for organic wastes prior to the AD process were developed. This review article presents a comprehensive analysis of research updates in pretreatment techniques for vegetable, fruit and flower markets wastes for enhancing biogas yields during the AD process. The technological aspects of the pretreatment process are described and their efficiency comparison with the resultant process yields and environmental benefits are also discussed. The challenges and technical issues associated with each pretreatment and future research directions for overcoming the field implementation issues are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velusamy Mozhiarasi
- CLRI Regional Centre Jalandhar, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Jalandhar, 144021, Punjab, India.
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36
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Wood Ash Based Treatment of Anaerobic Digestate: State-of-the-Art and Possibilities. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The problem of current agricultural practices is not limited to land management but also to the unsustainable consumption of essential nutrients for plants, such as phosphorus. This article focuses on the valorization of wood ash and anaerobic digestate for the preparation of a slow-release fertilizer. The underlying chemistry of the blend of these two materials is elucidated by analyzing the applications of the mixture. First, the feasibility of employing low doses (≤1 g total solids (TS) ash/g TS digestate) of wood ash is explained as a way to improve the composition of the feedstock of anaerobic digestion and enhance biogas production. Secondly, a detailed description concerning high doses of wood ash and their uses in the downstream processing of the anaerobic digestate to further enhance its stability is offered. Among all the physico-chemical phenomena involved, sorption processes are meticulously depicted, since they are responsible for nutrient recovery, dewatering, and self-hardening in preparing a granular fertilizer. Simple activation procedures (e.g., carbonization, carbonation, calcination, acidification, wash, milling, and sieving) are proposed to promote immobilization of the nutrients. Due to the limited information on the combined processing of wood ash and the anaerobic digestate, transformations of similar residues are additionally considered. Considering all the possible synergies in the anaerobic digestion and the downstream stages, a dose of ash of 5 g TS ash/g TS digestate is proposed for future experiments.
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Long-Term Assessment of Temperature Management in an Industrial Scale Biogas Plant. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14020612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Temperature management is one of the primary considerations of biogas plant operation, and influences physical and biochemical processes. An increase in the temperature leads to an increase in the hydrolysis rate of the feedstock, while it can inhibit microorganisms taking part in different stages of anaerobic digestion. Because of the complexity of the biochemical processes within the anaerobic digestion process, there is a lack of knowledge about the effects of temperature and temperature change on efficiency. Moreover, the impact of stirring directly affects the temperature distribution in the anaerobic digestion reactors. In this study, the temperature management in an industrial-scale biogas plant was examined, and the effect of small temperature changes (from the operation temperature 42 °C) on the efficiency was studied in a laboratory under two different conditions: with stirring (at 40 and 44 °C) and without stirring (at 40 and 44 °C). The examination results from the biogas plant showed that heat transfer in the reactor was not sufficient at the bottom of the digester. Adaptation of the post-digester samples to the temperature changes was more challenging than that of the digester samples. From digestate samples, higher biomethane generation could be obtained, resulting from sufficient contact between microorganisms, enzymes, and substrates. Overall, differences between these changing conditions (approx. 6 NmL CH4 g VS−1) were not significant and could be adapted by the process.
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Maurya R, Zhu X, Valverde-Pérez B, Ravi Kiran B, General T, Sharma S, Kumar Sharma A, Thomsen M, Venkata Mohan S, Mohanty K, Angelidaki I. Advances in microalgal research for valorization of industrial wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126128. [PMID: 34655786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review article focuses on recent updates on remediation of industrial wastewater (IWW) through microalgae cultivation. These include how adding additional supplements of nutrient to some specific IWWs lacking adequate nutrients improving the microalgae growth and remediation simultaneously. Various pretreatments strategy recently employed for IWWs treatment other than dealing with microalgae was discussed. Various nutrient-rich IWW could be utilized directly with additional dilution, supplement of nutrients and without any pretreatment. Recent advances in various approaches and new tools used for cultivation of microalgae on IWW such as two-step cultivation, pre-acclimatization, novel microalgal-bioelectrical systems, integrated catalytic intense pulse-light process, sequencing batch reactor, use of old stabilized algal-bacterial consortium, immobilized microalgae cells, microalgal bacterial membrane photobioreactor, low-intensity magnetic field, BIO_ALGAE simulation tool, etc. are discussed. In addition, biorefinery of microalgal biomass grown on IWW and its end-use applications are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahulkumar Maurya
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, DTU, Denmark
| | - Borja Valverde-Pérez
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, DTU, Denmark
| | - Boda Ravi Kiran
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES) Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Thiyam General
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, U.S. Nagar, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
| | - Suvigya Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, U.S. Nagar, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, U.S. Nagar, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
| | - Marianne Thomsen
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, Postbox 358 Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES) Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Kaustubha Mohanty
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, DTU, Denmark
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Ganesh KS, Sridhar A, Vishali S. Utilization of fruit and vegetable waste to produce value-added products: Conventional utilization and emerging opportunities-A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132221. [PMID: 34560492 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetables are one of the most consumed commodities globally, accounting for more than 42% of total food wastage. These vegetal foods can be consumed raw, processed, or taken as an addition to other food items. The continuous rise in population, in addition to technological advancements, has led to an imbalance in demand supply, resulting in increased food wastage globally. Although source reduction and recycling have shown promising results, more evaluations concerning economics and environmental impacts need to be given importance. The need of the hour lies in finding a possible method towards effective utilization for fruit and vegetable waste to generate value-added products which are more eco-friendly, cheaper, and sustainable. Thus, this article attempts to focus on the conventional and emerging opportunities of fruit and vegetable waste to generate value-added products. Conventional utilization, namely briquetting, waste to energy conversion, enzymatic degradation, and adsorption, as well as emerging opportunities in the areas of nutraceuticals, packaging, flavoring agents, and waste induced nanoparticles, have been emphasized. Additionally, recommendations and future perspectives towards better utilization of vegetal waste have been given importance. This review aims to narrow down the path towards evaluating the most techno-economic and efficient waste management technique for fruits and vegetable valorization, which can be promoted in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Selva Ganesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - Adithya Sridhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - S Vishali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
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Beniche I, El Bari H, Siles JA, Chica AF, Martín MÁ. Methane production by anaerobic co-digestion of mixed agricultural waste: cabbage and cauliflower. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:4550-4558. [PMID: 32408797 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1770341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion of residual cabbage and cauliflower mixed at a ratio 1:1 (w/w) was investigated in two continuously stirred tank reactors under mesophilic conditions to ensure stability and enhanced methane generation. The experiments, including start-up, inoculum acclimatisation and treatment of the waste mixture, were carried out over a 65-day period. The characterisation results showed that the residual mixture contained a high proportion of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (around 37 g N/kg dry weight). The maximum value of methanogenic yield potential was found to be 250 LSTP/kg VS (volatile solid) added, at STP conditions (0°C, 1 atm), by loading organic substrate at a concentration of 1 g VS/L, while its biodegradability was 60%. However, instability of the biomethanisation process was observed after 17 days, which might be a consequence of the high concentration of nitrogen in the reactors. The evaluation of the kinetics of the valorisation process revealed that the waste mixture studied can easily be biodegraded through anaerobic co-digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Beniche
- Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Environment, Team Energy of Biomass and Biogas, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Hassan El Bari
- Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Environment, Team Energy of Biomass and Biogas, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - José A Siles
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Arturo F Chica
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Martín
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Synergistic Effect of Magnetite and Bioelectrochemical Systems on Anaerobic Digestion. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8120198. [PMID: 34940351 PMCID: PMC8698836 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8120198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, the anaerobic digestion of industrial effluent to biogas constitutes less than 65% methane, which warrants its potential methanation to mitigate carbon dioxide and other anthropogenic gas emissions. The performance of the anaerobic digestion process can be enhanced by improving biochemical activities. The aim of this study was to examine the synergistic effect of the magnetite and bioelectrochemical systems (BES) on anaerobic digestion by comparing four digesters, namely a microbial fuel cell (MFC), microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), MEC with 1 g of magnetite nanoparticles (MECM), and a control digester with only sewage sludge (500 mL) and inoculum (300 mL). The MFC digester was equipped with zinc and copper electrodes including a 100 Ω resistor, whereas the MEC was supplied with 0.4 V on the electrodes. The MECM digester performed better as it improved microbial activity, increased the content of methane (by 43% compared to 41% of the control), and reduced contaminants (carbon oxygen demand, phosphates, colour, turbidity, total suspended solids, and total organic carbon) by more than 81.9%. Current density (jmax = 25.0 mA/m2) and electrical conductivity (275 µS/cm) were also high. The prospects of combining magnetite and bioelectrochemical systems seem very promising as they showed a great possibility for use in bioelectrochemical methane generation and wastewater treatment.
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Valorisation of CO2 into Value-Added Products via Microbial Electrosynthesis (MES) and Electro-Fermentation Technology. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Microbial electrocatalysis reckons on microbes as catalysts for reactions occurring at electrodes. Microbial fuel cells and microbial electrolysis cells are well-known in this context; both prefer the oxidation of organic and inorganic matter for producing electricity. Notably, the synthesis of high energy-density chemicals (fuels) or their precursors by microorganisms using bio-cathode to yield electrical energy is called Microbial Electrosynthesis (MES), giving an exceptionally appealing novel way for producing beneficial products from electricity and wastewater. This review accentuates the concept, importance and opportunities of MES, as an emerging discipline at the nexus of microbiology and electrochemistry. Production of organic compounds from MES is considered as an effective technique for the generation of various beneficial reduced end-products (like acetate and butyrate) as well as in reducing the load of CO2 from the atmosphere to mitigate the harmful effect of greenhouse gases in global warming. Although MES is still an emerging technology, this method is not thoroughly known. The authors have focused on MES, as it is the next transformative, viable alternative technology to decrease the repercussions of surplus carbon dioxide in the environment along with conserving energy.
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Effect of Elevated Hydrogen Partial Pressure on Mixed Culture Homoacetogenesis. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cesx.2021.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Swetha A, ShriVigneshwar S, Gopinath KP, Sivaramakrishnan R, Shanmuganathan R, Arun J. Review on hydrothermal liquefaction aqueous phase as a valuable resource for biofuels, bio-hydrogen and valuable bio-chemicals recovery. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131248. [PMID: 34182640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass results in the formation of bio-oil, aqueous phase (HTL-AP), bio-char, and gaseous products. Safer disposal of HTL-AP is difficult on an industrial scale since it comprises low molecular acid compounds. This review provides a comprehensive note on the recent articles published on the effective usage of HTL-AP for the recovery of valuable compounds. Thermo-chemical and biological processes are the preferred techniques for the recovery of biofuel, platform chemicals from HTL-AP. From this review, it was evident that the composition of HTL-AP and product recovery are the integrated pathways, which depend on each other. Substitute as reaction medium in HTL process, growth medium for algae and microbes are the most common mode of reuse and recycle of HTL-AP. Future research is needed to depict the mechanism of HTL process when HTL-AP is used as a reaction medium on an industrial scale. Need to find a solution for the hindrance in commercializing HTL process and recovery of value-added compounds from HTL-AP from lab scale to industry level. Integrated pathways on reuse and HTL-AP recycle helps in reduced environmental concerns and sustainable production of bio-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Authilingam Swetha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar ShriVigneshwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rajasree Shanmuganathan
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management - 'International Research Centre', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai, 603119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Na2WO4/Mn/SiO2 Catalyst Pellets for Upgrading H2S-Containing Biogas via the Oxidative Coupling of Methane. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogas is a promising renewable energy source; however, it needs to be upgraded to increase its low calorific value. In this study, oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) was selected to convert it to a higher fuel standard. Prior to establishing the scaled-up OCM process, the effect of organic/inorganic binders on catalytic activity was examined. The selection of the binders and composition of the catalyst pellet influenced the pore structure, fracture strength, and catalytic activity of the catalyst pellets. It was also observed that the O2 supply from the inorganic binder is a key factor in determining catalytic activity, based on which the composition of the catalyst pellets was optimized. The higher heating value increased from 39.9 (CH4, Wobbe index = 53.5 MJ/Nm3) to 41.0 MJ/Nm3 (OCM product mixture, Wobbe index = 54.2 MJ/Nm3), achieving the fuel standard prescribed in many countries (Wobbe index = 45.5–55.0 MJ/Nm3). The reaction parameters (temperature, gas hourly space velocity, size of the reaction system, and the CH4/O2 ratio) were also optimized, followed by a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the catalyst was stable for a long-term (100 h) operation under the optimized conditions.
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46
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Ali S, Paul Peter A, Chew KW, Munawaroh HSH, Show PL. Resource recovery from industrial effluents through the cultivation of microalgae: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125461. [PMID: 34198241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial effluents such as pharmaceutical residues, pesticides, dyes, and metal processes holds abundant value-added products (VAPs), where its recovery has become essential. The purpose of such recovery is for sustainable treatment, which is an approach that considers the economic, social, and environmental aspects. Microalgae with its potential in the recovery process from effluents, can reduce energy usage of waste management strategies and regenerate nutrients such as carbon, phosphorus, and nitrogen. Microalgae cultures offer the use of inorganic materials by microalgae for their growth and the help of bacteria to produce biomass, thus, resulting in the absence of secondary emissions due to its ability to eliminate volatile organic compounds. Moreover, recovered bioactive compounds are transformed into bioethanol, bio-fertilizers, biopolymer, health supplements and animal feed. Therefore, it is significant to focus on an economical and efficient utilization of microalgae in recovering nutrients that can be further used in various commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Ali
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Angela Paul Peter
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh
- Study Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Estimating the Methane Potential of Energy Crops: An Overview on Types of Data Sources and Their Limitations. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As the anaerobic digestion of energy crops and crop residues becomes more widely applied for bioenergy production, planners and operators of biogas plants, and farmers who consider growing such crops, have a need for information on potential biogas and methane yields. A rich body of literature reports methane yields for a variety of such materials. These data have been obtained with different testing methods. This work elaborates an overview on the types of data source available and the methods that are commonly applied to determine the methane yield of an agricultural biomass, with a focus on European crops. Limitations regarding the transferability and generalisation of data are explored, and crop methane values presented across the literature are compared. Large variations were found for reported values, which can only partially be explained by the methods applied. Most notably, the intra-crop variation of methane yield (reported values for a single crop type) was higher than the inter-crop variation (variation between different crops). The pronounced differences in reported methane yields indicate that relying on results from individual assays of candidate materials is a high-risk approach for planning biogas operations, and the ranges of values such as those presented here are essential to provide a robust basis for estimation.
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48
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Environmental and Economic Aspects of Biomethane Production from Organic Waste in Russia. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14175244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), only a tiny fraction of the full potential of energy from biomass is currently exploited in the world. Biogas is a good source of energy and heat, and a clean fuel. Converting it to biomethane creates a product that combines all the benefits of natural gas with zero greenhouse gas emissions. This is important given that the methane contained in biogas is a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide (CO2). The total amount of CO2 emission avoided due to the installation of biogas plants is around 3380 ton/year, as 1 m3 of biogas corresponds to 0.70 kg of CO2 saved. In Russia, despite the huge potential, the development of bioenergy is rather on the periphery, due to the abundance of cheap hydrocarbons and the lack of government support. Based on the data from an agro-industrial plant located in Central Russia, the authors of the article demonstrate that biogas technologies could be successfully used in Russia, provided that the Russian Government adopted Western-type measures of financial incentives.
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High-Solid Anaerobic Digestion: Reviewing Strategies for Increasing Reactor Performance. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8080080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High-solid and solid-state anaerobic digestion are technologies capable of achieving high reactor productivity. The high organic load admissible for this type of configuration makes these technologies an ideal ally in the conversion of waste into bioenergy. However, there are still several factors associated with these technologies that result in low performance. The economic model based on a linear approach is unsustainable, and changes leading to the development of a low-carbon model with a high degree of circularity are necessary. Digestion technology may represent a key driver leading these changes but it is undeniable that the profitability of these plants needs to be increased. In the present review, the digestion process under high-solid-content configurations is analyzed and the different strategies for increasing reactor productivity that have been studied in recent years are described. Percolating reactor configurations and the use of low-cost adsorbents, nanoparticles and micro-aeration seem the most suitable approaches to increase volumetric production and reduce initial capital investment costs.
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Ambaye TG, Vaccari M, Bonilla-Petriciolet A, Prasad S, van Hullebusch ED, Rtimi S. Emerging technologies for biofuel production: A critical review on recent progress, challenges and perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 290:112627. [PMID: 33991767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to increasing anthropogenic activities, especially industry and transport, the fossil fuel demand and consumption have increased proportionally, causing serious environmental issues. This attracted researchers and scientists to develop new alternative energy sources. Therefore, this review covers the biofuel production potential and challenges related to various feedstocks and advances in process technologies. It has been concluded that the biofuels such as biodiesel, ethanol, bio-oil, syngas, Fischer-Tropsch H2, and methane produced from crop plant residues, micro- and macroalgae and other biomass wastes using thermo-bio-chemical processes are an eco-friendly route for an energy source. Biofuels production and their uses in industries and transportation considerably minimize fossil fuel dependence. Literature analysis showed that biofuels generated from energy crops and microalgae could be the most efficient and attractive process. Recent progress in the field of biofuels using genetic engineering has larger perspectives in commercial-scale production. However, its large-scale production is still challenging; hence, to resolve this problem, it is essential to convert biomass in biofuels by developing novel technology to increase biofuel production to fulfil the current and future energy demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy; Mekelle University, Department of Chemistry, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Shiv Prasad
- Centre for Environment Science &Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA) Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Sami Rtimi
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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