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Vejerano EP, Ahn J, Scott GI. Aerosolized algal bloom toxins are not inert. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: ATMOSPHERES 2024; 4:1113-1128. [PMID: 39169920 PMCID: PMC11331395 DOI: 10.1039/d4ea00078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are projected to become increasingly prevalent, extending over longer periods and wider geographic regions due to the warming surface ocean water and other environmental factors, including but not limited to nutrient concentrations and runoff for marine and freshwater environments. Incidents of respiratory distress linked to the inhalation of marine aerosols containing HAB toxins have been documented, though the risk is typically associated with the original toxins. However, aerosolized toxins in micrometer and submicrometer particles are vulnerable to atmospheric processing. This processing can potentially degrade HAB toxins and produce byproducts with varying potencies compared to the parent toxins. The inhalation of aerosolized HAB toxins, especially in conjunction with co-morbid factors such as exposure to air pollutants from increased commercial activities in ports, may represent a significant exposure pathway for a considerable portion of the global population. Understanding the chemistry behind the transformation of these toxins can enhance public protection by improving the existing HAB alert systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Vejerano
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences USA +1-803-777-6360
| | - Jeonghyeon Ahn
- Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia 29208 USA
| | - Geoffrey I Scott
- Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia 29208 USA
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2
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Anderson ES, Schilling KE, Jones CS, Weber LJ. Estimating Iowa's riverine phosphorus concentrations via water quality surrogacy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37377. [PMID: 39296142 PMCID: PMC11408025 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a widespread waterborne pollutant that impairs many waterbodies. However, it is challenging to measure directly, and much research has been dedicated to developing surrogacy models that can repeatedly predict its concentration. Optimal approaches for modeling strategies are often unclear and depend upon local P dynamics and the availability of financial and technical resources. This study presents a schema for developing P surrogacy models at a statewide scale (16 major rivers in Iowa, USA). Specifically, we examined the relationship between particulate phosphorus (Part P) and orthophosphate (OP) and explored the viability of eight potential surrogates in predicting their concentrations using multiple linear regression and power regression methods. We also investigated similarities between surrogate models for Part P and total suspended solids (TSS). At all sites, OP and Part P were not strongly correlated (mean R = 0.20 ± 0.17). Many instances were observed where samples had high concentrations of one form but not the other. Modeling results demonstrated that turbidity was consistently the best predictor (t-statistics >10) of Part P, and adding other surrogates alongside turbidity did little to improve model performance. No surrogates proved useful in estimating OP. Viable power regression models were created using turbidity to predict Part P (mean R2 = 0.69 ± 0.12). These models had a nonlinear form where Part P concentrations leveled off as waters became exceptionally turbid. This contrasted with TSS, which maintained a strong linear relationship across all turbidity levels. Turbidity-based models show promise in quantifying statewide P levels, as they enable high-resolution and real-time Part P estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chris S Jones
- IIHR-Hydroscience & Engineering (retired), University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Larry J Weber
- IIHR-Hydroscience & Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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3
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He S, Zhang Y, Li N, Shi K, Zhang Y, Qin B, Zhu G, Liu M, Shao K. Summer heatwaves promote harmful algal blooms in the Fuchunjiang Reservoir, an important drinking water source. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121056. [PMID: 38704957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Extensive outbreaks of harmful algal blooms (HABs) occurred in the Fuchunjiang Reservoir in 2022, a crucial urban drinking water source, coinciding with extreme summer heatwaves. We hypothesize that these heatwaves contributed to HABs formation and expansion. Leveraging Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 data, we employed clustering and machine learning methods to quantify the HABs distribution and area. Concurrent meteorological and water quality data aided in uncovering the effects of heatwave on HABs. When applying different methods to extract HABs from remote sensing images, random forest (RF) analyses indicated accuracies of 99.3% and 99.8% for Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 data, respectively, while classification and regression tree (CART) analyses indicated 99.1% and 99.7% accuracies, respectively. Support vector machine (SVM) exhibited lower accuracies (83.5% and 97.4%). Thus RF, given its smaller differences between satellites and high accuracy, was selected for further analysis. Both satellites detected extensive HABs in 2022, with Sentinel-2 recording a peak area of 24.13 km2 (44.6% of cloud-free water area) on August 11, 2022. Increasing trends with amplified durations were observed for summer heatwaves in Jiande and Tonglu around the Fuchunjiang Reservoir. Notably, these areas experienced extreme heatwaves for 63 and 58 days in 2022, respectively, more than double the 1980-2022 average. From June 1 to October 8, 2022, water temperature peaks significantly coincided with expansive HABs and elevated chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration from 4.8 μg/L to 119.2 μg/L during the summer heatwaves. Our findings indicated that the reservoir became more HAB-prone during heatwave events, escalating the drinking water safety risk. These results emphasize the challenges faced by reservoir managers in dealing with climate-induced extreme heatwaves and underscore the urgency for heightened attention from water source management departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen He
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
| | - Yunlin Zhang
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China.
| | - Na Li
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China; Nanjing Zhongke Deep Insight Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211899, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China; Nanjing Zhongke Deep Insight Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211899, China
| | - Guangwei Zhu
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China; Nanjing Zhongke Deep Insight Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211899, China
| | - Mingliang Liu
- Institute of Environmental Protection Science, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Keqiang Shao
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
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de Sabóia-Morais SMT, de Lima Faria JM, da Silva Rabelo JC, Hanusch AL, Mesquita LA, de Andrade Silva R, de Oliveira JM, de Jesus LWO. Cylindrospermopsin exposure promotes redox unbalance and tissue damage in the liver of Poecilia reticulata, a neotropical fish species. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:120-132. [PMID: 37969104 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2282530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern regarding the adverse risks exposure to cylindrospermopsin (CYN) might exert on animals and humans. However, data regarding the toxicity of this cyanotoxin to neotropical fish species are scarce. Using the fish species Poecilia reticulata, the influence of CYN concentrations equal to and above the tolerable for drinking water may produce on liver was determined by assessing biomarkers of antioxidant defense mechanisms and correlated to qualitative and semiquantitative histopathological observations. Adult females were exposed to 0.0 (Control); 0.5, 1 and 1.5 μg/L pure CYN for 24 or 96 hr, in triplicate. Subsequently the livers were extracted for biochemical assays and histopathological evaluation. Catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased only by 1.5 μg/L CYN-treatment, at both exposure times. Glutathione -S-transferase (GST) activity presented a biphasic response for both exposure times. It was markedly decreased after exposure by 0.5 μg/L CYN treatment but significantly elevated by 1.5 μg/L CYN treatment. All CYN treatments produced histopathological alterations, as evidenced by hepatocyte cords degeneration, steatosis, inflammatory infiltration, melanomacrophage centers, vessel congestion, and areas with necrosis. Further, an IORG >35 was achieved for all treatments, indicative of the presence of severe histological alterations in P. reticulata hepatic parenchyma and stroma. Taken together, data demonstrated evidence that CYN-induced hepatotoxicity in P. reticulata appears to be associated with an imbalance of antioxidant defense mechanisms accompanied by histopathological liver alterations. It is worthy to note that exposure to low environmentally-relevant CYN concentrations might constitute a significant risk to health of aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Marcos de Lima Faria
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Custódio da Silva Rabelo
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Alves Mesquita
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Andrade Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jerusa Maria de Oliveira
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Histology and Embryology Section, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Wender Oliveira de Jesus
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Histology and Embryology Section, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Murray JF, Lavery AM, Schaeffer BA, Seegers BN, Pennington AF, Hilborn ED, Boerger S, Runkle JD, Loftin K, Graham J, Stumpf R, Koch A, Backer L. Assessing the relationship between cyanobacterial blooms and respiratory-related hospital visits: Green bay, Wisconsin 2017-2019. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 255:114272. [PMID: 37871346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Potential acute and chronic human health effects associated with exposure to cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, including respiratory symptoms, are an understudied public health concern. We examined the relationship between estimated cyanobacteria biomass and the frequency of respiratory-related hospital visits for residents living near Green Bay, Lake Michigan, Wisconsin during 2017-2019. Remote sensing data from the Cyanobacteria Assessment Network was used to approximate cyanobacteria exposure through creation of a metric for cyanobacteria chlorophyll-a (ChlBS). We obtained counts of hospital visits for asthma, wheezing, and allergic rhinitis from the Wisconsin Hospital Association for ZIP codes within a 3-mile radius of Green Bay. We analyzed weekly counts of hospital visits versus cyanobacteria, which was modelled as a continuous measure (ChlBS) or categorized according to World Health Organization's (WHO) alert levels using Poisson generalized linear models. Our data included 2743 individual hospital visits and 114 weeks of satellite derived cyanobacteria biomass indicator data. Peak values of ChlBS were observed between the months of June and October. Using the WHO alert levels, 60% of weeks were categorized as no risk, 19% as Vigilance Level, 15% as Alert Level 1, and 6% as Alert Level 2. In Poisson regression models adjusted for temperature, dewpoint, season, and year, there was no association between ChlBS and hospital visits (rate ratio [RR] [95% Confidence Interval (CI)] = 0.98 [0.77, 1.24]). There was also no consistent association between WHO alert level and hospital visits when adjusting for covariates (Vigilance Level: RR [95% CI] 0.88 [0.74, 1.05], Alert Level 1: 0.82 [0.67, 0.99], Alert Level 2: 0.98 [0.77, 1.24], compared to the reference no risk category). Our methodology and model provide a template for future studies that assess the association between cyanobacterial blooms and respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan F Murray
- University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 610 Walnut St, Madison, WI, 53726, United States; Wisconsin Department of Health Services, 1 West Wilson St, Madison, WI, 53703, United States.
| | - Amy M Lavery
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States
| | - Blake A Schaeffer
- Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, United States
| | - Bridget N Seegers
- GESTAR II, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Ocean Ecology Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States
| | - Audrey F Pennington
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States
| | - Elizabeth D Hilborn
- Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, United States
| | - Savannah Boerger
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, United States
| | - Jennifer D Runkle
- North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, The Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth Systems Studies, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC, 28801i, United States; Geological Survey, 1217 Biltmore Dr, Lawrence, KS, 66049, United States
| | - Keith Loftin
- U. S. Geological Survey, 1217 Biltmore Drive, Lawrence, KS, 66049, United States
| | - Jennifer Graham
- U.S. Geological Survey, 425 Jordan Road, Troy, NY, 12180, United States
| | - Richard Stumpf
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 1305 East-West Highway Code N/SCI1, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, United States
| | - Amanda Koch
- Wisconsin Department of Health Services, 1 West Wilson St, Madison, WI, 53703, United States
| | - Lorraine Backer
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States
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6
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Stoll S, Zhang W, Yang Y, Gil K, Kim K, Lee WH. Photodegradation of MC-LR using a novel Au-decorated Ni metal-organic framework (Au/Ni-MOF). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140404. [PMID: 37827467 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are toxins produced by cyanobacteria commonly found in harmful algal blooms (HAB) occurring in many surface waters. Conventional methods for removing MC-LR such as membrane filtration and activated carbon are only phase change removal methods and are often expensive in operation and maintenance. It is urgent to develop a rapid, easy-to-use, and cost-effective method for the degradation of MC-LR. In this study, a novel Au-decorated Ni-metal-organic framework (Au/Ni-MOF) was newly developed on a hydrophilic carbon fiber paper (2 cm × 2 cm) using an air spraying method. The Au/Ni-MOF was then applied for the photodegradation of MC-LR in water under UV-Vis. The addition of Au onto the surface of the Ni-MOF resulted in a nearly fivefold enhancement in the reaction rate coefficient (k), reaching a value of 0.0599 min-1 for the photodegradation of MC-LR (initial concentration of 20 ppb). It was found that 94.2% of MC-LR removal was attributed to photodegradation, with the remaining 5.8% from adsorption. The rate coefficient of 20 ppb of MC-LR in the surface water sample (pH 6.0) was 0.06 min-1 likely due to the presence of other contaminates including scavenger agents within the sample which inhibits the degradation reaction of the MC-LR. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential for the novel Au/Ni-MOF to effectively reduce the concentration of the MC-LR toxin in the contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Stoll
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, United States.
| | - Wei Zhang
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, United States.
| | - Yang Yang
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, United States; Department of Chemistry, Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformation Cluster, The Stephen W. Hawking Center for Microgravity Research and Education, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, United States.
| | - Kyungik Gil
- Department of Civil Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, South Korea.
| | - Keugtae Kim
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Hyoung Lee
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, United States.
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Stoll S, Hwang JH, Fox DW, Kim K, Zhai L, Lee WH. Cost-effective screen-printed carbon electrode biosensors for rapid detection of microcystin-LR in surface waters for early warning of harmful algal blooms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:124854-124865. [PMID: 36194320 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are toxins produced by cyanobacteria commonly found in harmful algal blooms (HABs). Due to their toxicity to humans and other organisms, the World Health Organization (WHO) sets a guideline of 1 μg L-1 for microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) in drinking water. However, current analytical techniques for the detection of MC-LR such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and ELISA are costly, bulky, time-consuming, and mostly conducted in a laboratory, requiring highly trained personnel. An analytical method that can be used in the field for rapid determination is essential. In this study, an anti-MC-LR/MC-LR/cysteamine-coated screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) biosensor was newly developed to detect MC-LR, bioelectrochemically, in water. The functionalization of the electrode surface was confirmed with surface characterization methods. The sensor performance was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), obtaining a linear working range of MC-LR concentrations between 0.1 and 100 μg L-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.69 ng L-1. Natural water samples experiencing HABs were collected and analyzed using the developed biosensor, demonstrating the excellent performance of the biosensor with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.65%. The interference tests showed minimal error and RSD values against other common MCs and possible coexisting ions found in water. The biosensor showed acceptable functionality with a shelf life of up to 12 weeks. Overall, the anti-MC-LR/MC-LR/cysteamine/SPCE biosensors can be an innovative solution with characteristics that allow for in situ, low-cost, and easy-to-use capabilities which are essential for developing an overarching and integrated "smart" environmental management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Stoll
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Jae-Hoon Hwang
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - David W Fox
- Nanoscience Technology Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Keugtae Kim
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, The University of Suwon, 17 Wauan-gil, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18323, South Korea
| | - Lei Zhai
- Nanoscience Technology Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Woo Hyoung Lee
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
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Lavery AM, Kieszak SM, Law R, Bronstein AC, Funk AR, Banerji S, Brown K, Sollee DR, Backer LC. Harmful Algal Bloom Exposures Self-reported to Poison Centers in the United States, May-October 2019. Public Health Rep 2023; 138:865-869. [PMID: 36683453 PMCID: PMC10576485 DOI: 10.1177/00333549221146654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The National Poison Data System (NPDS) comprises self-reported information from people who call US poison center hotlines. NPDS data have proven to be important in identifying emerging public health threats. We used NPDS to examine records of people who had self-reported exposure to harmful algal blooms (HABs). Participating poison centers then contacted people who had called their centers from May through October 2019 about their HAB exposure to ask about exposure route, symptoms, health care follow-up, and awareness of possible risks of exposure. Of 55 callers who agreed to participate, 47 (85%) reported exposure to HABs while swimming or bathing in HAB-contaminated water. Nine callers reported health symptoms from being near waters contaminated with HABs, suggesting potential exposure via aerosolized toxins. Symptoms varied by the reported routes of exposure; the most commonly reported symptoms were gastrointestinal and respiratory. More public and health care provider education and outreach are needed to improve the understanding of HAB-related risks, to address ways to prevent HAB-related illnesses, and to describe appropriate support when exposures occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Lavery
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Kieszak
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Royal Law
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alvin C. Bronstein
- Emergency Medical Services and Injury Prevention System Branch, Hawaii State Department of Health, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dawn R. Sollee
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Lorraine C. Backer
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Gobry JJ, Bachwenkizi HS, Kimambo ON, Ngassapa FN, Kilulya KF. Occurrence of Harmful Algal Blooms in Freshwater Sources of Mindu and Nyumba ya Mungu Dams, Tanzania. J Toxicol 2023; 2023:5532962. [PMID: 37876836 PMCID: PMC10593555 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5532962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health due to the production of toxins. The identification and quantification of these toxins are crucial for water quality management decisions. This study used DNA analysis (PCR techniques) to identify toxin-producing strains and liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantify microcystins in samples from Mindu and Nyumba ya Mungu Dams in Tanzania. The results showed that HABs were detected in both dams. The BLAST results revealed that the 16S gene sequences of uncultured samples were very similar to an Antarctic cyanobacterium, Leptolyngbya sp, Anabaena sp, and Microcystis aeruginosa. Sequences of the cultured samples were most similar to Nodularia spumigena, Amazoninema brasiliense, Anabaena sp, and Microcystis aeruginosa. Further analyses showed that the nucleotide sequence similarity of uncultured isolates from this study and those from the GenBank ranged from 85 to 100%. For cultured isolates from this study and others from the GenBank, nucleotide identity ranged from 81 to 100%. The molecular identification of Microcystis aeruginosa confirmed the presence of HABs in both Mindu and Nyumba ya Mungu Dams in Tanzania. At Mindu Dam, the mean concentrations (± standard deviation) of microcystin-LR, -RR, and -YR were 1.08 ± 0.749 ppm, 0.120 ± 0.0211 ppm, and 1.37 ± 0.862 ppm, respectively. Similarly, at Nyumba ya Mungu Dam, the concentrations of microcystin-LR, -RR, and -YR were 1.07 ± 0.499 ppm, 0.124 ± 0.0224 ppm, and 0.961 ± 0.408 ppm, respectively. This paper represents the first application of PCR and LC-MS/MS to study microcystins in small freshwater reservoirs in Tanzania. This study confirms the presence of toxin-producing strains of Microcystis aeruginosa in both dams and also provides evidence of the occurrence of microcystins from these strains. These findings contribute in improving the monitoring of HABs contamination and their potential impact on water quality in Tanzanian reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine J. Gobry
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Science, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Water Resources, Water Institute, P.O. Box 35059, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Hilda S. Bachwenkizi
- Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute, Mikocheni, P.O. Box 6226, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Offoro N. Kimambo
- Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Faustin N. Ngassapa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Science, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Kessy F. Kilulya
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Science, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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10
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Bloch RA, Faulkner G, Hilborn ED, Wismer T, Martin N, Rhea S. Geographic Variability, Seasonality, and Increase in ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center Harmful Blue-Green Algae Calls-United States and Canada, 2010-2022. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:505. [PMID: 37624262 PMCID: PMC10467101 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) exposures can cause illness or death in humans and animals. We characterized American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) harmful blue-green algae (HBGA) call data, compared it to a measure of harmful algal bloom public awareness, and considered its suitability as a public health information source. ASPCA APCC dog and cat "HBGA exposure" calls made 1 January 2010-31 December 2022 were included. We calculated annual HBGA call percentages and described calls (species, month, origin, exposure route). We characterized public awareness by quantifying Nexis Uni® (LexisNexis Academic; New York, NY, USA)-indexed news publications (2010-2022) pertaining to "harmful algal bloom(s)". Call percentage increased annually, from 0.005% (2010) to 0.070% (2022). Of 999 HBGA calls, 99.4% (n = 993) were dog exposures. Over 65% (n = 655) of calls were made July-September, largely from the New England (n = 154 (15.4%)) and Pacific (n = 129 (12.9.%)) geographic divisions. Oral and dermal exposures predominated (n = 956 (95.7%)). Harmful algal bloom news publications increased overall, peaking in 2019 (n = 1834). Higher call volumes in summer and in the New England and Pacific geographic divisions drove HBGA call increases; public awareness might have contributed. Dogs and humans have similar exposure routes. ASPCA APCC HBGA call data could serve as a public health information source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Bloch
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (R.A.B.); (G.F.); (E.D.H.)
| | - Grace Faulkner
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (R.A.B.); (G.F.); (E.D.H.)
| | - Elizabeth D. Hilborn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (R.A.B.); (G.F.); (E.D.H.)
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Tina Wismer
- American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Animal Poison Control Center, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; (T.W.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicole Martin
- American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Animal Poison Control Center, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; (T.W.); (N.M.)
| | - Sarah Rhea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (R.A.B.); (G.F.); (E.D.H.)
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11
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Zhang Y, Escobar A, Guo T, Xu CQ. Label-Free Cyanobacteria Quantification Using a Microflow Cytometry Platform for Early Warning Detection and Characterization of Hazardous Cyanobacteria Blooms. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14050965. [PMID: 37241590 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems caused by rapid human urbanization has led to an increased production of potentially hazardous bacterial populations, known as blooms. One of the most notorious forms of these aquatic blooms are cyanobacteria, which in sufficiently large quantities can pose a hazard to human health through ingestion or prolonged exposure. Currently, one of the greatest difficulties in regulating and monitoring these potential hazards is the early detection of cyanobacterial blooms, in real time. Therefore, this paper presents an integrated microflow cytometry platform for label-free phycocyanin fluorescence detection, which can be used for the rapid quantification of low-level cyanobacteria and provide early warning alerts for potential harmful cyanobacterial blooms. An automated cyanobacterial concentration and recovery system (ACCRS) was developed and optimized to reduce the assay volume, from 1000 mL to 1 mL, to act as a pre-concentrator and subsequently enhance the detection limit. The microflow cytometry platform utilizes an on-chip laser-facilitated detection to measure the in vivo fluorescence emitted from each individual cyanobacterial cell, as opposed to measuring overall fluorescence of the whole sample, potentially decreasing the detection limit. By applying transit time and amplitude thresholds, the proposed cyanobacteria detection method was verified by the traditional cell counting technique using a hemocytometer with an R2 value of 0.993. It was shown that the limit of quantification of this microflow cytometry platform can be as low as 5 cells/mL for Microcystis aeruginosa, 400-fold lower than the Alert Level 1 (2000 cells/mL) set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, the decreased detection limit may facilitate the future characterization of cyanobacterial bloom formation to better provide authorities with ample time to take the appropriate actions to mitigate human risk from these potentially hazardous blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andres Escobar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Forsee Instruments Ltd., Hamilton, ON L8P 0A1, Canada
| | - Chang-Qing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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12
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Nugumanova G, Ponomarev ED, Askarova S, Fasler-Kan E, Barteneva NS. Freshwater Cyanobacterial Toxins, Cyanopeptides and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15030233. [PMID: 36977124 PMCID: PMC10057253 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria produce a wide range of structurally diverse cyanotoxins and bioactive cyanopeptides in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. The health significance of these metabolites, which include genotoxic- and neurotoxic agents, is confirmed by continued associations between the occurrence of animal and human acute toxic events and, in the long term, by associations between cyanobacteria and neurodegenerative diseases. Major mechanisms related to the neurotoxicity of cyanobacteria compounds include (1) blocking of key proteins and channels; (2) inhibition of essential enzymes in mammalian cells such as protein phosphatases and phosphoprotein phosphatases as well as new molecular targets such as toll-like receptors 4 and 8. One of the widely discussed implicated mechanisms includes a misincorporation of cyanobacterial non-proteogenic amino acids. Recent research provides evidence that non-proteinogenic amino acid BMAA produced by cyanobacteria have multiple effects on translation process and bypasses the proof-reading ability of the aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase. Aberrant proteins generated by non-canonical translation may be a factor in neuronal death and neurodegeneration. We hypothesize that the production of cyanopeptides and non-canonical amino acids is a more general mechanism, leading to mistranslation, affecting protein homeostasis, and targeting mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. It can be evolutionarily ancient and initially developed to control phytoplankton communities during algal blooms. Outcompeting gut symbiotic microorganisms may lead to dysbiosis, increased gut permeability, a shift in blood-brain-barrier functionality, and eventually, mitochondrial dysfunction in high-energy demanding neurons. A better understanding of the interaction between cyanopeptides metabolism and the nervous system will be crucial to target or to prevent neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Nugumanova
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Eugene D Ponomarev
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Sholpan Askarova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Elizaveta Fasler-Kan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Natasha S Barteneva
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- The Environment & Resource Efficiency Cluster (EREC), Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
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13
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Reporting of Freshwater Cyanobacterial Poisoning in Terrestrial Wildlife: A Systematic Map. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182423. [PMID: 36139281 PMCID: PMC9494982 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (cyanoHABs) have been reported globally, threatening human and animal health. They are encouraged by the warming climate and agricultural pollution creating nutrient-rich, warm environments, ideal for cyanobacterial proliferation. The cyanotoxins produced by these blooms have caused poisonings in many wildlife species; however, these cases are severely underreported, and many are likely missed. The aim of this systematic map was to collate, organise, and characterise all existing reports of cyanotoxin poisonings in terrestrial wildlife. We conducted a search of the published literature using online databases, yielding a total of 45 cases detailing incidents involving terrestrial wildlife. There is no current standard method for the reporting and diagnosis of cyanotoxin intoxication cases, and we provide recommendations on this to include both clinical diagnostic tools and investigative chemistry techniques. Less than half of all cases employed robust methods of detection and diagnosis based on our recommendations. Most cases were investigated after poisonings had already occurred, and only nine reports mentioned any effort to mitigate the effects of harmful cyanobacteria on terrestrial wildlife. This systematic map details terrestrial wildlife cyanotoxin intoxications from a diagnostic perspective, identifying how reporting can be improved, leading to more successful mitigation and investigative efforts in the future. Abstract Global warming and over-enrichment of freshwater systems have led to an increase in harmful cyanobacterial blooms (cyanoHABs), affecting human and animal health. The aim of this systematic map was to detail the current literature surrounding cyanotoxin poisonings in terrestrial wildlife and identify possible improvements to reports of morbidity and mortality from cyanotoxins. A systematic search was conducted using the electronic databases Scopus and Web of Science, yielding 5059 published studies identifying 45 separate case reports of wildlife poisonings from North America, Africa, Europe, and Asia. Currently, no gold standard for the diagnosis of cyanotoxin intoxication exists for wildlife, and we present suggested guidelines here. These involved immunoassays and analytical chemistry techniques to identify the toxin involved, PCR to identify the cyanobacterial species involved, and evidence of ingestion or exposure to cyanotoxins in the animals affected. Of the 45 cases, our recommended methods concurred with 48.9% of cases. Most often, cases were investigated after a mortality event had already occurred, and where mitigation was implemented, only three cases were successful in their efforts. Notably, only one case of invasive cyanobacteria was recorded in this review despite invasive species being known to occur throughout the globe; this could explain the underreporting of invasive cyanobacteria. This systematic map highlights the perceived absence of robust detection, surveillance, and diagnosis of cyanotoxin poisoning in wildlife. It may be true that wildlife is less susceptible to these poisoning events; however, the true rates of poisoning are likely much more than is reported in the literature.
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14
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Saha P, Bose D, Stebliankin V, Cickovski T, Seth RK, Porter DE, Brooks BW, Mathee K, Narasimhan G, Colwell R, Scott GI, Chatterjee S. Prior exposure to microcystin alters host gut resistome and is associated with dysregulated immune homeostasis in translatable mouse models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11516. [PMID: 35799048 PMCID: PMC9262933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A strong association between exposure to the common harmful algal bloom toxin microcystin and the altered host gut microbiome has been shown. We tested the hypothesis that prior exposure to the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR may alter the host resistome. We show that the mice exposed to microcystin-LR had an altered microbiome signature that harbored antibiotic resistance genes. Host resistome genotypes such as mefA, msrD, mel, ant6, and tet40 increased in diversity and relative abundance following microcystin-LR exposure. Interestingly, the increased abundance of these genes was traced to resistance to common antibiotics such as tetracycline, macrolides, glycopeptide, and aminoglycosides, crucial for modern-day treatment of several diseases. Increased abundance of these genes was positively associated with increased expression of PD1, a T-cell homeostasis marker, and pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine IL-6 with a concomitant negative association with immunosurveillance markers IL-7 and TLR2. Microcystin-LR exposure also caused decreased TLR2, TLR4, and REG3G expressions, increased immunosenescence, and higher systemic levels of IL-6 in both wild-type and humanized mice. In conclusion, the results show a first-ever characterization of the host resistome following microcystin-LR exposure and its connection to host immune status and antimicrobial resistance that can be crucial to understand treatment options with antibiotics in microcystin-exposed subjects in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punnag Saha
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Columbia VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Dipro Bose
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Columbia VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Vitalii Stebliankin
- Knight Foundation School of Computing & Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Trevor Cickovski
- Knight Foundation School of Computing & Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Ratanesh K Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Columbia VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Dwayne E Porter
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Kalai Mathee
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Giri Narasimhan
- Knight Foundation School of Computing & Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Rita Colwell
- CosmosID Inc, Germantown, MD, 20874, USA
- University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Geoff I Scott
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- Columbia VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA.
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15
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Dreher TW, Foss AJ, Davis EW, Mueller RS. 7-epi-cylindrospermopsin and microcystin producers among diverse Anabaena/Dolichospermum/Aphanizomenon CyanoHABs in Oregon, USA. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 116:102241. [PMID: 35710201 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Several genomes of Nostocales ADA clade members from the US Pacific Northwest were recently sequenced. Biosynthetic genes for microcystin, cylindrospermopsin or anatoxin-a were present in 7 of the 15 Dolichospermum/Anabaena strains and none of the 5 Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) strains. Toxin analyses (ELISA and LC-MS/MS) were conducted to quantitate and identify microcystin (MC) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) congeners/analogs in samples dominated by Dolichospermum spp. of known genome sequence. MC-LR was the main congener produced by Dolichospermum spp. from Junipers Reservoir, Lake Billy Chinook and Odell Lake, while a congener provisionally identified as [Dha7]MC-HtyR was produced by a Dolichospermum sp. in Detroit Reservoir. A second Dolichospermum sp. from Detroit Reservoir was found to produce 7-epi-CYN, with 7-deoxy-CYN also present, but no CYN. The monitoring history of each of these lakes indicates the capacity for high levels of cyanotoxins during periods when Dolichospermum spp. are the dominant cyanobacteria. The diversity of ADA strains found in the US Pacific NW emphasizes the importance of these cyanobacteria as potentially toxic HAB formers in this temperate climatic region. Our results linking congener and genetic identity add data points that will help guide development of improved tools for predicting congener specificity from cyanotoxin gene sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo W Dreher
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Amanda J Foss
- GreenWater Laboratories, 205 Zeagler Drive, Suite 302, Palatka, FL 32177, USA.
| | - Edward W Davis
- Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Ryan S Mueller
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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16
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Perceived Intensification in Harmful Algal Blooms Is a Wave of Cumulative Threat to the Aquatic Ecosystems. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060852. [PMID: 35741373 PMCID: PMC9220063 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a serious threat to aquatic environments. The intensive expansion of HABs across the world is a warning signal of environmental deterioration. Global climatic change enforced variations in environmental factors causing stressed environments in aquatic ecosystems that favor the occurrence, distribution, and persistence of HABs. Perceived intensification in HABs increases toxin production, affecting the ecological quality as well as serious consequences on organisms including humans. This review outlines the causes and impacts of harmful algal blooms, including algal toxicity, grazing defense, management, control measures, emerging technologies, and their limitations for controlling HABs in aquatic ecosystems. Abstract Aquatic pollution is considered a major threat to sustainable development across the world, and deterioration of aquatic ecosystems is caused usually by harmful algal blooms (HABs). In recent times, HABs have gained attention from scientists to better understand these phenomena given that these blooms are increasing in intensity and distribution with considerable impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Many exogenous factors such as variations in climatic patterns, eutrophication, wind blowing, dust storms, and upwelling of water currents form these blooms. Globally, the HAB formation is increasing the toxicity in the natural water sources, ultimately leading the deleterious and hazardous effects on the aquatic fauna and flora. This review summarizes the types of HABs with their potential effects, toxicity, grazing defense, human health impacts, management, and control of these harmful entities. This review offers a systematic approach towards the understanding of HABs, eliciting to rethink the increasing threat caused by HABs in aquatic ecosystems across the world. Therefore, to mitigate this increasing threat to aquatic environments, advanced scientific research in ecology and environmental sciences should be prioritized.
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17
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Whitman P, Schaeffer B, Salls W, Coffer M, Mishra S, Seegers B, Loftin K, Stumpf R, Werdell PJ. A validation of satellite derived cyanobacteria detections with state reported events and recreation advisories across U.S. lakes. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 115:102191. [PMID: 35623685 PMCID: PMC9677179 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) negatively affect ecological, human, and animal health. Traditional methods of validating satellite algorithms with data from water samples are often inhibited by the expense of quantifying cyanobacteria indicators in the field and the lack of public data. However, state recreation advisories and other recorded events of cyanoHAB occurrence reported by local authorities can serve as an independent and publicly available dataset for validation. State recreation advisories were defined as a period delimited by a start and end date where a warning was issued due to detections of cyanoHABs over a state's risk threshold. State reported events were defined as any event that was documented with a single date related to cyanoHABs. This study examined the presence-absence agreement between 160 state reported cyanoHAB advisories and 1,343 events and cyanobacteria biomass estimated by a satellite algorithm called the Cyanobacteria Index (CIcyano). The true positive rate of agreement with state recreation advisories was 69% and 60% with state reported events. CIcyano detected a reduction or absence in cyanobacteria after 76% of the recreation advisories ended. CIcyano was used to quantify the magnitude, spatial extent, and temporal frequency of cyanoHABs; each of these three metrics were greater (r > 0.2) during state recreation advisories compared to non-advisory times with effect sizes ranging from small to large. This is the first study to quantitatively evaluate satellite algorithm performance for detecting cyanoHABs with state reported events and advisories and supports informed management decisions with satellite technologies that complement traditional field observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Whitman
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Blake Schaeffer
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Wilson Salls
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Megan Coffer
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, NC 27709, USA; Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Sachidananda Mishra
- Consolidated Safety Services Inc. Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Bridget Seegers
- Ocean Ecology Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA; Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Keith Loftin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Kansas Water Science Center, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Richard Stumpf
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - P Jeremy Werdell
- Ocean Ecology Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
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18
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El Bouaidi W, Libralato G, Douma M, Ounas A, Yaacoubi A, Lofrano G, Albarano L, Guida M, Loudiki M. A review of plant-based coagulants for turbidity and cyanobacteria blooms removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:42601-42615. [PMID: 35384538 PMCID: PMC9148277 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the proliferation of Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (CyanoHABs) has increased with water eutrophication and climate change, impairing human health and the environment in relation to water supply. In drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), the bio-coagulation based on natural coagulants has been studied as an eco-friendly alternative technology to conventional coagulants for both turbidity and CyanoHABs removal. Plant-based coagulants have demonstrated their coagulation efficiency in turbidity removal, as reported in several papers but its ability in cyanobacterial removal is still limited. This paper mainly reviewed the application of plant-based coagulants in DWTPs, with focus on turbidity removal, including cyanobacterial cells. The future potential uses of these green coagulants to reduce noxious effects of cyanobacterial proliferation are presented. Green coagulants advantages and limitations in DWTPs are reviewed and discussed summarizing more than 10 years of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widad El Bouaidi
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change; Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Biology, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P. O Box 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mountasser Douma
- Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga (FPK), Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 25000 Khouribga, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Ounas
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Chemistry, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdelrani Yaacoubi
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Chemistry, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Motorie, Umane E Della Salute, Università Degli Studi Di Roma Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 15, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Luisa Albarano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammed Loudiki
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change; Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Biology, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P. O Box 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
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19
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Upreti K, Rivera-Monroy VH, Maiti K, Giblin AE, Castañeda-Moya E. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) is marginal relative to denitrification in emerging-eroding wetlands in a subtropical oligohaline and eutrophic coastal delta. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:152942. [PMID: 35007602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) are reactive nitrogen (Nr) forms that can exacerbate eutrophication in coastal regions. NO3- can be lost to the atmosphere as N2 gas driven by direct denitrification, coupled nitrification-denitrification and annamox or retained within the ecosystems through conversion of NO3- to NH4+ via dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). Denitrification and DNRA are competitive pathways and hence it is critical to evaluate their functional biogeochemical role. However, there is limited information about the environmental factors driving DNRA in oligohaline habitats, especially within deltaic regions where steep salinity gradients define wetland spatiotemporal distribution. Here we use the Isotope Pairing Technique to evaluate the effect of temperature (10, 20, 30 °C) and in situ soil/sediment organic matter (OM%) on total denitrification (Dtotal = direct + coupled nitrification) and DNRA rates in oligohaline forested/marsh wetlands soils and benthic sediment habitats at two sites representing prograding (Wax Lake Delta, WLD) and eroding (Barataria- Lake Cataouatche, BLC) deltaic stages in the Mississippi River Delta Plain (MRDP). Both sites receive MR water with high NO3- (>40 μM) concentrations during the year via river diversions. Denitrification rates were significantly higher (range: 18.0 ± 0.4-113.0 ± 10.6 μmol m-2 h-1) than DNRA rates (range: 0.7 ± 0.2-9.2 ± 0.3 μmol m-2 h-1). Therefore, DNRA represented on average < 10% of the total NO3- reduction (DNRA + Dtotal). Unlike denitrification, DNRA showed no consistent response to temperature. These results indicate that DNRA in wetland soils and benthic sediment is not a major nitrogen transformation in oligohaline regions across the MRDP regardless of wide range of OM% content in these eroding and prograding delta lobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Upreti
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Enviroment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Victor H Rivera-Monroy
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Enviroment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
| | - Kanchan Maiti
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Enviroment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Anne E Giblin
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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Lipopolysaccharide from the Cyanobacterium Geitlerinema sp. Induces Neutrophil Infiltration and Lung Inflammation. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040267. [PMID: 35448876 PMCID: PMC9024439 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-resistant asthma, which predominates with neutrophils instead of eosinophils, is an increasing health concern. One potential source for the induction of neutrophil-predominant asthma is aerosolized lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cyanobacteria have recently caused significant tidal blooms, and aerosolized cyanobacterial LPS has been detected near the cyanobacterial overgrowth. We hypothesized that cyanobacterial LPS contributes to lung inflammation by increasing factors that promote lung inflammation and neutrophil recruitment. To test this hypothesis, c57Bl/6 mice were exposed intranasally to LPS from the cyanobacterium member, Geitlerinema sp., in vivo to assess neutrophil infiltration and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines from the bronchoalveolar fluid by ELISA. Additionally, we exposed the airway epithelial cell line, A549, to Geitlerinema sp. LPS in vitro to confirm that airway epithelial cells were stimulated by this LPS to increase cytokine production and the expression of the adhesion molecule, ICAM-1. Our data demonstrate that Geitlerinema sp. LPS induces lung neutrophil infiltration, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin (IL)-6, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and Interferongamma as well as the chemokines IL-8 and RANTES. Additionally, we demonstrate that Geitlerinema sp. LPS directly activates airway epithelial cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and the adhesion molecule, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), in vitro using the airway epithelial cell line, A549. Based on our findings that use Geitlerinema sp. LPS as a model system, the data indicate that cyanobacteria LPS may contribute to the development of glucocorticoid-resistant asthma seen near water sources that contain high levels of cyanobacteria.
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21
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Li C, Huang X, Li F, Wang X, Li G. Allelopathic effect of Oocystis borgei culture on Microcystis aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1662-1671. [PMID: 33151809 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1847202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the possibility of using Oocystis borgei to prevent and control harmful algae blooms. Firstly, Microcystis aeruginosa and O. borgei were co-cultured to assess the competition for nutrients between them. Different physiological and biochemical parameters, such as growth, cell membrane permeability and esterase activities were determined in exudate culture experiment to investigate allelopathic effects of O. borgei culture and mixed cultures (O. borgei and M. aeruginosa) at different growth phase on harmful microalgae (M. aeruginosa). Results showed that O. borgei could significantly inhibited M. aeruginosa when volume ratios were 4:1 and 1:1 (M. aeruginosa: O. borgei) in co-culture experiment. Further, it was found that the membrane system of M. aeruginosa was disintegrated by the culture filtrate of O. borgei at exponential phase. In addition, esterase activities and photorespiration were significantly inhibited. In conclusion, O. borgei exhibited different allelopathic effects at different growth phase. Its exponential phase showed a significant inhibitory effect, while no inhibitory effect was observed at the decline phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Changling Li
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghu Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanbao Li
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
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22
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Uejio CK, Gonsoroski E, Sherchan SP, Beitsch L, Harville EW, Blackmore C, Pan K, Lichtveld MY. Harmful algal bloom-related 311 calls, Cape Coral, Florida 2018-2019. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2022; 20:531-538. [PMID: 35350005 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2022.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) can adversely impact water quality and threaten human and animal health. People working or living along waterways with prolonged HAB contamination may face elevated toxin exposures and breathing complications. Monitoring HABs and potential adverse human health effects is notoriously difficult due to routes and levels of exposure that vary widely across time and space. This study examines the utility of 311 calls to enhance HAB surveillance and monitoring. The study focuses on Cape Coral, FL, USA, located along the banks of the Caloosahatchee River and Estuary and the Gulf of Mexico. The wider study area experienced a prolonged cyanobacteria bloom in 2018. The present study examines the relationship between weekly water quality characteristics (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, microcystin-LR) and municipal requests for information or services (algal 311 calls). Each 1 μg/L increase in waterborne microcystin-LR concentrations corresponded with 9% more algal 311 calls (95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.15, p = 0.002). The results suggest water quality monitoring and the 311 dispatch systems may be further integrated to improve public health surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Uejio
- Department of Geography, College of Social Sciences and Public Policy, Florida State University, 113 Collegiate Loop, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA E-mail:
| | - Elaina Gonsoroski
- Department of Geography, College of Social Sciences and Public Policy, Florida State University, 113 Collegiate Loop, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA E-mail:
| | - Samendra P Sherchan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Leslie Beitsch
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, 115 W Call St, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - E W Harville
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - C Blackmore
- Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, 4052 Bald Cypress Way, Tallahassee, FL 32399, USA
| | - K Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Maureen Y Lichtveld
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Development of a Risk Characterization Tool for Harmful Cyanobacteria Blooms on the Ohio River. WATER 2022; 14:1-23. [PMID: 35450079 PMCID: PMC9019831 DOI: 10.3390/w14040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A data-driven approach to characterizing the risk of cyanobacteria-based harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) was undertaken for the Ohio River. Twenty-five years of river discharge data were used to develop Bayesian regression models that are currently applicable to 20 sites spread-out along the entire 1579 km of the river’s length. Two site-level prediction models were developed based on the antecedent flow conditions of the two blooms that occurred on the river in 2015 and 2019: one predicts if the current year will have a bloom (the occurrence model), and another predicts bloom persistence (the persistence model). Predictors for both models were based on time-lagged average flow exceedances and a site’s characteristic residence time under low flow conditions. Model results are presented in terms of probabilities of occurrence or persistence with uncertainty. Although the occurrence of the 2019 bloom was well predicted with the modeling approach, the limited number of events constrained formal model validation. However, as a measure of performance, leave-one-out cross validation returned low misclassification rates, suggesting that future years with flow time series like the previous bloom years will be correctly predicted and characterized for persistence potential. The prediction probabilities are served in real time as a component of a risk characterization tool/web application. In addition to presenting the model’s results, the tool was designed with visualization options for studying water quality trends among eight river sites currently collecting data that could be associated with or indicative of bloom conditions. The tool is made accessible to river water quality professionals to support risk communication to stakeholders, as well as serving as a real-time water data monitoring utility.
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24
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Epanchin-Niell RS, Jackson-Smith DB, Wilson RS, Ashenfarb M, Dayer AA, Hillis V, Iacona GD, Markowitz EM, Marquart-Pyatt ST, Treakle T. Private land conservation decision-making: An integrative social science model. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:113961. [PMID: 34700077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owners and managers of private lands make decisions that have implications well beyond the boundaries of their land, influencing species conservation, water quality, wildfire risk, and other environmental outcomes with important societal and ecological consequences. Understanding how these decisions are made is key for informing interventions to support better outcomes. However, explanations of the drivers of decision making are often siloed in social science disciplines that differ in focus, theory, methodology, and terminology, hindering holistic understanding. To address these challenges, we propose a conceptual model of private land conservation decision-making that integrates theoretical perspectives from three dominant disciplines: economics, sociology, and psychology. The model highlights how heterogeneity in behavior across decision-makers is driven by interactions between the decision context, attributes of potential conservation behaviors, and attributes of the decision-maker. These differences in both individual attributes and context shape decision-makers' constraints and the potential and perceived consequences of a behavior. The model also captures how perceived consequences are evaluated and weighted through a decision-making process that may range from systematic to heuristic, ultimately resulting in selection of a behavior. Outcomes of private land behaviors across the landscape feed back to alter the socio-environmental conditions that shape future decisions. The conceptual model is designed to facilitate better communication, collaboration, and integration across disciplines and points to methodological innovations that can expand understanding of private land decision-making. The model also can be used to illuminate how behavior change interventions (e.g., policies, regulations, technical assistance) could be designed to target different drivers to encourage environmentally and socially beneficial behaviors on private lands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas B Jackson-Smith
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.
| | - Robyn S Wilson
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | | | - Ashley A Dayer
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Vicken Hillis
- Human Environment Systems, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725, USA
| | | | - Ezra M Markowitz
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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25
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Quan H, Zhang Y, Yin P, Zhao L. Effects of two algicidal substances, ortho-tyrosine and urocanic acid, on the growth and physiology of Heterosoigma akashiwo. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117004. [PMID: 33906037 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heterosigma akashiwo is a commonly found harmful microalgae, however, there are only few studies on its control using algicidal components particularly those identified from algicidal bacteria. In our previous study, ortho-tyrosine and urocanic acid identified from Bacillus sp. B1 showed a significantly high algicidal effect on H. akashiwo. The growth inhibition rates of H. akashiwo after 96 h of treatment with 300 μg/mL o-tyrosine and 500 μg/mL urocanic acid were 91.06% and 88.07%, respectively. Through non-destructive testing by Pulse Amplitude Modulation fluorometry and flow cytometer, the effects of o-tyrosine and urocanic acid on H. akashiwo PS II and physiological parameters (cell volume, mitochondrial membrane potential, and membrane permeability) were estimated. This study shows that o-tyrosine affected the photosynthesis system of H. akashiwo, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the membrane permeability of the algal cells. Treatment with urocanic acid decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in the inhibition of algal cell growth and reproduction, but had little effect on membrane permeability and photosynthetic system. Our results may imply that when uridine degrades, surviving H. akashiwo cells may be reactivated. Therefore, o-tyrosine and urocanic acid have the potential to become new biological algicides, which can effectively control the growth of H. akashiwo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Quan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Pinghe Yin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, PR China.
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26
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Kim MS, Kim KH, Hwang SJ, Lee TK. Role of Algal Community Stability in Harmful Algal Blooms in River-Connected Lakes. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:309-318. [PMID: 33469721 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in freshwater produce toxins that pose a threat to public health and aquatic ecosystems. Although algal communities have been studied globally to understand the characteristics of HABs, the occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems is rarely understood. Unlike abiotic factors, the effects of biotic factors (e.g., interaction, dominance, and variability) on the occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria were overlooked due to the intricate interaction of microorganisms under different environmental conditions. To address this problem, a comprehensive ecological concept stability, which encompasses variations in species or communities due to changing biological interactions or environmental fluctuations, was applied in this study. The algal communities in six river-connected lakes in the North Han River, South Korea, were classified into high and low stability groups. The algal species belonging to diatoms and green algae groups played a major role in the interaction within the algal community in highly stable lakes, but the frequency of Microcystis led the interaction within the algal community at the center of the network in low-stability lakes. These results indicate that the interaction within the cluster is easily changed by Microcystis, where the abundance explosively increases in lakes with low algal community stability. Water quality is more strongly associated with the occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria (Microcystis and Dolichospermum). In low-stability lakes, more diverse water quality indicators are correlated with the development of toxic algae than in high-stability lakes. This paper is the first report on the importance of algal community stability in freshwater in the occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria and offers a new perspective on Microcystis monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sung Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Gangwon, 26493, South Korea
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Group, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, South Korea
| | - Keon Hee Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Soon Jin Hwang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Tae Kwon Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Gangwon, 26493, South Korea.
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27
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Yadav S, Anam GB, Ahn YH. Influence of Abiotic Factors on the Growth of Cyanobacteria Isolated from Nakdong River, South Korea 1. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:874-885. [PMID: 33556185 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Changes in physico-chemical factors due to natural climate variability and eutrophication could affect the cyanobacterial growth patterns in aquatic systems that may cause environmental health problems. Based on morphological and 16S rRNA gene analysis, three cyanobacterial species isolated for the first time from the Nakdong River water sample in South Korea were identified as Amazoninema brasiliense, Microcystis elabens, and Nododsilinea nodulosa. The variations in temperature, pH, nitrogen, or phosphorus levels significantly impacted the cyanobacterial growth patterns. The optimal temperature range for the growth of isolates was from 25-30°C. A neutral or weak alkaline environment favored growth; however, A. brasiliense resulted in 44.2-87.5% higher biomass (0.75 g · L-1 as dry solids, DS) and growth rate (0.24 · d-1 ) at pH 7 than the other isolates (0.4-0.52 g DS · L-1 , 0.16-0.19 · d-1 ). The increased nitrate-nitrogen (NO3 -N) concentrations significantly (P < 0.05) favored biomass production and growth rate for A. brasiliense and M. elabens, respectively, and the maximum growth rate was observed for A. brasiliense at 3.5 mg NO3 -N · L-1 . The orthophosphate concentration (PO4 -P) from 0.1 to 0.5 mg PO4 -P · L-1 increased the growth of the isolates. These observations suggest that isolate growth rates in water bodies can vary depending on different physico-chemical parameters. This study contributes to the further understanding of the growth of microalgae in natural freshwater bodies under fluctuating environmental conditions and aquatic ecosystem stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Yadav
- Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Giridhar Babu Anam
- Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea
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28
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Redfern J, Ratova M, Dean AP, Pritchett J, Grao M, Verran J, Kelly P. Visible light photocatalytic bismuth oxide coatings are effective at suppressing aquatic cyanobacteria and degrading free-floating genomic DNA. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:128-136. [PMID: 33985716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Access to safe drinking water free from microbial pollution is an issue of global concern. The use of photocatalytic thin films in water treatment has focused on titanium dioxide, which requires UV-activation, proving a potential barrier to upscaling and implementation in the real world. Visible-light-activated photocatalytic thin films, such as bismuth oxide, have recently been shown to have antimicrobial properties. However, more understanding of the photocatalytic effect on the microbial population in water is required. Glass beads coated with bismuth oxide were incubated with either Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena sp. or free-floating genomic DNA. The presence of bismuth oxide-coated glass beads was able to rapidly stop a population of cyanobacteria from increasing. The coated beads were also able to degrade genomic DNA. Leachate from the beads showed no increase in toxicity against human liver cells. This data demonstrates the efficacy of bismuth oxide-coated glass beads for controlling potentially dangerous cyanobacterial populations, whilst potentially reducing the amount of free-floating genomic DNA (an essential issue in the face of antimicrobial resistance) - all of which should be essential considerations in emerging water treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Redfern
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Marina Ratova
- Surface Engineering Group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Andrew P Dean
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, UK
| | - James Pritchett
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Matthieu Grao
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Joanna Verran
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Peter Kelly
- Surface Engineering Group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, UK
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29
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Zeng Y, Wang J, Yang C, Ding M, Hamilton PB, Zhang X, Yang C, Zhnag L, Dai X. A Streptomyces globisporus strain kills Microcystis aeruginosa via cell-to-cell contact. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144489. [PMID: 33465632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) bring economic loss, damage aquatic ecosystems, and produce cyanobacterial toxins that threaten human health. Algicidal bacteria as pathogens can expediate the decline of CyanoHABs. In this study, a Streptomyces globisporus strain (designated G9), isolated from soil near a eutrophic pond, showed high algicidal activity against Microcystis aeruginosa. Experimental results show that G9 preyed on Microcystis through cell-to-cell contact: (1) the hyphae of G9 killed cyanobacterial cells by twining around them, while cells beyond the reach of G9 hyphae were in normal shapes; (2) No algicides were detectable in the supernatant of G9 cultures or G9-Microcystis cocultures. The algicidal ratio of G9 to M. aeruginosa reached 96.7% after 6 days. G9 selectively killed the tested cyanobacterial strains, while it had only minor impacts on the growth of tested Chlorophyceae. Differential gene expression studies show that G9 affected the expression of key genes of M. aeruginosa involved in photosynthesis, microcystin synthesis and cellular emergency responses. Further, the microcystin-LR content decreased gradually with G9 treatment. As the first reported Streptomyces sp. with algicidal (predation) activity requiring cell-to-cell contact with target prey, G9 is a good candidate for the exploration of additional cyanobacteria-bacteria interactions and the development of novel strategies to control CyanoHABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengyue Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Paul B Hamilton
- Canadian Museum of Nature, 240 McLeod Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Zhnag
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianzhu Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Lavery A, Backer L, Daniel J. Evaluation of Electronic Health Records to Monitor Illness From Harmful Algal Bloom Exposure in the United States. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2021; 839:8-14. [PMID: 36060209 PMCID: PMC9434719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are the rapid growth of algae that can produce toxic or harmful effects in people and animals. Potential health effects include respiratory illness, gastrointestinal illness, skin and eye irritation, and sometimes more severe toxic effects such as liver damage. Defining HAB exposure and related illness is challenging for many reasons, including characterizing the exposure. Large electronic health record databases present an opportunity to study health encounters specifically related to HAB exposure through querying medical diagnostic codes. We queried the MarketScan Research Databases between January 2009 and April 2019 for use of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for HAB exposure. We found a total of 558 records that used either the ICD-9 or ICD-10 code for HAB exposure. Respiratory illness was most commonly reported along with the HAB exposure code. Use of HAB exposure codes showed seasonal fluctuations during 2012-2019. We found that although the HAB-related ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes were used infrequently, they were most often recorded during bloom seasons in warmer months. This analysis is the first that utilizes a large-scale national database of de-identified health records to understand the use of medical diagnostic codes related to algae exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lavery
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Lorraine Backer
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Johnni Daniel
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Lin MZ, Li WX, Hu T, Bu H, Li ZL, Wu T, Wu XX, Sun C, Li Y, Jiang GB. One-step removal of harmful algal blooms by dual-functional flocculant based on self-branched chitosan integrated with flotation function. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117710. [PMID: 33673989 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms induce severe environmental problems. It is challenging to remove algae by the current available treatments involving complicate process and costly instruments. Here, we developed a CaO2@PEG-loaded water-soluble self-branched chitosan (CP-SBC) system, which can remove algae from water in one-step without additional instrumentation. This approach utilizes a novel flocculant (self-branched chitosan) integrated with flotation function (induced by CaO2@PEG). CP-SBC exhibited better flocculation performance than commercial flocculants, which is attributed to the enhanced bridging and sweeping effect of branched chitosan. CP-SBC demonstrated outstanding biocompatibility, which was verified by zebrafish test and algae activity test. CaO2@PEG-loaded self-branched chitosan can serve as an "Air flotation system" to spontaneous float the flocs after flocculation by sustainably released O2. Furthermore, CP-SBC can improve water quality through minimizing dissolved oxygen depletion and reducing total phosphorus concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Zhao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wei-Xiong Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tian Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huaitian Bu
- Department of Materials and Nanotechnology, SINTEF Industry, Forskningsveien 1, Oslo, 0373, Norway
| | - Zeng-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tianfu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Xia-Xiao Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Gang-Biao Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Applying a One Health Approach in Global Health and Medicine: Enhancing Involvement of Medical Schools and Global Health Centers. Ann Glob Health 2021; 87:30. [PMID: 33816135 PMCID: PMC7996453 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multidisciplinary and multisectoral approaches such as One Health and related concepts (e.g., Planetary Health, EcoHealth) offer opportunities for synergistic expertise to address complex health threats. The connections between humans, animals, and the environment necessitate collaboration among sectors to comprehensively understand and reduce risks and consequences on health and wellbeing. One Health approaches are increasingly emphasized for national and international plans and strategies related to zoonotic diseases, food safety, antimicrobial resistance, and climate change, but to date, the possible applications in clinical practice and benefits impacting human health are largely missing. Methods: In 2018 the “Application of the One Health Approach to Global Health Centers” conference held at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine convened experts involved in One Health policy and practice. The conference examined issues relevant to One Health approaches, sharing examples of challenges and successes to guide application to medical school curricula and clinical practice for human health. This paper presents a synthesis of conference proceedings, framed around objectives identified from presentations and audience feedback. Findings and Recommendations: The following objectives provide opportunities for One Health involvement and benefits for medical schools and global health centers by: 1) Improving One Health resource sharing in global health and medical education; 2) Creating pathways for information flow in clinical medicine and global health practice; 3) Developing innovative partnerships for improved health sector outcomes; and 4) Informing and empowering health through public outreach. These objectives can leverage existing resources to deliver value to additional settings and stakeholders through resource efficiency, more holistic and effective service delivery, and greater ability to manage determinants of poor health status. We encourage medical and global health educators, practitioners, and students to explore entry points where One Health can add value to their work from local to global scale.
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Laureano-Rosario AE, McFarland M, Bradshaw DJ, Metz J, Brewton RA, Pitts T, Perricone C, Schreiber S, Stockley N, Wang G, Guzmán EA, Lapointe BE, Wright AE, Jacoby CA, Twardowski MS. Dynamics of microcystins and saxitoxin in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida. HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 103:102012. [PMID: 33980451 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms that can produce toxins are common in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), which covers ~250 km of Florida's east coast. The current study assessed the dynamics of microcystins and saxitoxin in six segments of the IRL: Banana River Lagoon (BRL), Mosquito Lagoon (ML), Northern IRL (NIRL), Central IRL (CIRL), Southern IRL (SIRL), and the St. Lucie Estuary (SLE). Surface water samples (n = 40) collected during the 2018 wet and 2019 dry season were analyzed to determine associations between toxins and temperature, salinity, pH, oxygen saturation, concentrations of dissolved nutrients and chlorophyll-a, presence of biosynthetic genes for toxins, relative abundance of planktonic species, and composition of the microbial community. The potential toxicity of samples was assessed using multiple mammalian cell lines. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays were used to determine concentrations of microcystins and saxitoxin. Overall, the microcystins concentration ranged between 0.01-85.70 µg/L, and saxitoxin concentrations ranged between 0.01-2.43 µg/L across the IRL. Microcystins concentrations were 65% below the limit of quantification (0.05 µg/L), and saxitoxin concentrations were 85% below the limit of detection (0.02 µg/L). Microcystins concentrations were higher in the SLE, while saxitoxin was elevated in the NIRL and BRL. Cytotoxicity related to the presence of microcystins was seen in the SLE during the wet season. No significant patterns between cytotoxicity and saxitoxin were identified. Dissolved nutrients were identified as the most highly related parameters, explaining 53% of microcystin and 47% of saxitoxin variability. Multivariate models suggested cyanobacteria, flagellates, ciliates, and diatoms as the subset of microorganisms whose abundances were maximally correlated with saxitoxin and microcystins concentrations. Lastly, biosynthetic genes for microcystins were detected in the SLE and for saxitoxin in the BRL and NIRL. These results highlight the synergistic roles environmental and biological parameters play in influencing the dynamics of toxin production by harmful algae in the IRL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdiel E Laureano-Rosario
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA.
| | - Malcolm McFarland
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - David J Bradshaw
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Jackie Metz
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Rachel A Brewton
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Tara Pitts
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Carlie Perricone
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Stephanie Schreiber
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Nicole Stockley
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Guojun Wang
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Esther A Guzmán
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Brian E Lapointe
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Amy E Wright
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
| | - Charles A Jacoby
- St. Johns River Water Management District, PO Box 1429, Palatka, Florida 32178, USA
| | - Michael S Twardowski
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 N, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
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Marine invertebrate interactions with Harmful Algal Blooms - Implications for One Health. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 186:107555. [PMID: 33607127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) are natural atypical proliferations of micro or macro algae in either marine or freshwater environments which have significant impacts on human, animal and ecosystem health. The causative HAB organisms are primarily dinoflagellates and diatoms in marine and cyanobacteria within freshwater ecosystems. Several hundred species of HABs, most commonly marine dinoflagellates affect animal and ecosystem health either directly through physical, chemical or biological impacts on surrounding organisms or indirectly through production of algal toxins which transfer through lower-level trophic organisms to higher level predators. Traditionally, a major focus of HABs has concerned their natural production of toxins which bioaccumulate in filter-feeding invertebrates, which with subsequent trophic transfer and biomagnification cause issues throughout the food web, including the human health of seafood consumers. Whilst in many regions of the world, regulations, monitoring and risk management strategies help mitigate against the impacts from HAB/invertebrate toxins upon human health, there is ever-expanding evidence describing enormous impacts upon invertebrate health, as well as the health of higher trophic level organisms and marine ecosystems. This paper provides an overview of HABs and their relationships with aquatic invertebrates, together with a review of their combined impacts on animal, human and ecosystem health. With HAB/invertebrate outbreaks expected in some regions at higher frequency and intensity in the coming decades, we discuss the needs for new science, multi-disciplinary assessment and communication which will be essential for ensuring a continued increasing supply of aquaculture foodstuffs for further generations.
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Kallscheuer N, Rast P, Jogler M, Wiegand S, Kohn T, Boedeker C, Jeske O, Heuer A, Quast C, Glöckner FO, Rohde M, Jogler C. Analysis of bacterial communities in a municipal duck pond during a phytoplankton bloom and isolation of Anatilimnocola aggregata gen. nov., sp. nov., Lacipirellula limnantheis sp. nov. and Urbifossiella limnaea gen. nov., sp. nov. belonging to the phylum Planctomycetes. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:1379-1396. [PMID: 33331109 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Waterbodies such as lakes and ponds are fragile environments affected by human influences. Suitable conditions can result in massive growth of phototrophs, commonly referred to as phytoplankton blooms. Such events benefit heterotrophic bacteria able to use compounds secreted by phototrophs or their biomass as major nutrient source. One example of such bacteria are Planctomycetes, which are abundant on the surfaces of marine macroscopic phototrophs; however, less data are available on their ecological roles in limnic environments. In this study, we followed a cultivation-independent deep sequencing approach to study the bacterial community composition during a cyanobacterial bloom event in a municipal duck pond. In addition to cyanobacteria, which caused the bloom event, members of the phylum Planctomycetes were significantly enriched in the cyanobacteria-attached fraction compared to the free-living fraction. Separate datasets based on isolated DNA and RNA point towards considerable differences in the abundance and activity of planctomycetal families, indicating different activity peaks of these families during the cyanobacterial bloom. Motivated by the finding that the sampling location harbours untapped bacterial diversity, we included a complementary cultivation-dependent approach and isolated and characterized three novel limnic strains belonging to the phylum Planctomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mareike Jogler
- Department of Microbial Interactions, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Sandra Wiegand
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Biological Interfaces 5, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
| | - Timo Kohn
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Olga Jeske
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anja Heuer
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Quast
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Frank Oliver Glöckner
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Jogler
- Department of Microbial Interactions, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Plaas HE, Paerl HW. Toxic Cyanobacteria: A Growing Threat to Water and Air Quality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:44-64. [PMID: 33334098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The global expansion of harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) poses an increasing threat to public health. CyanoHABs are characterized by the production of toxic metabolites known as cyanotoxins. Human exposure to cyanotoxins is challenging to forecast, and perhaps the least understood exposure route is via inhalation. While the aerosolization of toxins from marine harmful algal blooms (HABs) has been well documented, the aerosolization of cyanotoxins in freshwater systems remains understudied. In recent years, spray aerosol (SA) produced in the airshed of the Laurentian Great Lakes (United States and Canada) has been characterized, suggesting that freshwater systems may impact atmospheric aerosol loading more than previously understood. Therefore, further investigation regarding the impact of CyanoHABs on human respiratory health is warranted. This review examines current research on the incorporation of cyanobacterial cells and cyanotoxins into SA of aquatic ecosystems which experience HABs. We present an overview of cyanotoxin fate in the environment, biological incorporation into SA, existing data on cyanotoxins in SA, relevant collection methods, and adverse health outcomes associated with cyanotoxin inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley E Plaas
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, United States
| | - Hans W Paerl
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, United States
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Roberts VA, Vigar M, Backer L, Veytsel GE, Hilborn ED, Hamelin EI, Vanden Esschert KL, Lively JY, Cope JR, Hlavsa MC, Yoder JS. Surveillance for Harmful Algal Bloom Events and Associated Human and Animal Illnesses - One Health Harmful Algal Bloom System, United States, 2016-2018. MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT 2020; 69:1889-1894. [PMID: 33332289 PMCID: PMC7745959 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6950a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Benefits of machine learning and sampling frequency on phytoplankton bloom forecasts in coastal areas. ECOL INFORM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2020.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Derot J, Yajima H, Jacquet S. Advances in forecasting harmful algal blooms using machine learning models: A case study with Planktothrix rubescens in Lake Geneva. HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 99:101906. [PMID: 33218452 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of anthropic activities during the 20th century increased the nutrient fluxes in freshwater ecosystems, leading to the eutrophication phenomenon that most often promotes harmful algal blooms (HABs). Recent years have witnessed the regular and massive development of some filamentous algae or cyanobacteria in Lake Geneva. Consequently, important blooms could result in detrimental impacts on economic issues and human health. In this study, we tried to lay the foundation of an HAB forecast model to help scientists and local stakeholders with the present and future management of this peri-alpine lake. Our forecast strategy was based on pairing two machine learning models with a long-term database built over the past 34 years. We created HAB groups via a K-means model. Then, we introduced different lag times in the input of a random forest (RF) model, using a sliding window. Finally, we used a high-frequency dataset to compare the natural mechanisms with numerical interaction using individual conditional expectation plots. We demonstrate that some HAB events can be forecasted over a year scale. The information contained in the concentration data of the cyanobacteria was synthesized in the form of four intensity groups that directly depend on the P. rubescens concentration. The categorical transformation of these data allowed us to obtain a forecast with correlation coefficients that stayed above a threshold of 0.5 until one year for the counting cells and two years for the biovolume data. Moreover, we found that the RF model predicted the best P. rubescens abundance for water temperatures around 14°C. This result is consistent with the biological processes of the toxic cyanobacterium. In this study, we found that the coupling between K-means and RF models could help in forecasting the development of the bloom-forming P. rubescens in Lake Geneva. This methodology could create a numerical decision support tool, which should be a significant advantage for lake managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Derot
- Estuary Research Center, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yajima
- Estuary Research Center, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Stéphan Jacquet
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, 74200 Thonon-les-Bains, France
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41
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Christensen VG, Khan E. Freshwater neurotoxins and concerns for human, animal, and ecosystem health: A review of anatoxin-a and saxitoxin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 736:139515. [PMID: 32485372 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacteria are a concern worldwide because they can adversely affect humans, animals, and ecosystems. However, neurotoxins produced by freshwater cyanobacteria are understudied relative to microcystin. Thus, the objective of this critical review was to provide a comprehensive examination of the modes of action, production, fate, and occurrence of the freshwater neurotoxins anatoxin-a and saxitoxin as they relate to human, animal, and ecosystem health. Literature on freshwater anatoxin-a and saxitoxin was obtained and reviewed for both laboratory and field studies. Current (2020) research identifies as many as 41 anatoxin-a producing species and 15 saxitoxin-producing species of freshwater cyanobacteria. Field studies indicate that anatoxin-a and saxitoxin have widespread distribution, and examples are given from every continent except Antarctica. Human and animal health concerns can range from acute to chronic. However, few researchers studied chronic or sublethal effects of freshwater exposures to anatoxin-a or saxitoxin. Ecosystem health also is a concern, as the effects of toxicity may be far reaching and include consequences throughout the food web. Several gaps in knowledge were identified for anatoxin-a and saxitoxin, including triggers of production and release, environmental fate and degradation, primary and secondary exposure routes, diel variation, food web effects, effects of cyanotoxin mixtures, and sublethal health effects on individual organisms and populations. Despite the gaps, this critical review facilitates our current understanding of freshwater neurotoxins and thus can serve to `` guide future research on anatoxin-a, saxitoxin, and other cyanotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria G Christensen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, Mounds View, MN, USA; North Dakota State University, Environmental and Conservation Sciences Program, Fargo, ND, USA.
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Department, University of Nevada - Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Wiśniewska KA, Śliwińska-Wilczewska S, Lewandowska AU. The first characterization of airborne cyanobacteria and microalgae in the Adriatic Sea region. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238808. [PMID: 32913356 PMCID: PMC7482968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of airborne cyanobacteria and microalgae as well as their negative impacts on human health have been documented by many researchers worldwide. However, studies on cyanobacteria and microalgae are few compared with those on bacteria and viruses. Research is especially lacking on the presence and taxonomic composition of cyanobacteria and microalgae near economically important water bodies with much tourism, such as the Adriatic Sea region. Here, we present the first characterization of the airborne cyanobacteria and microalgae in this area. Sampling conducted between 11th and 15th June 2017 revealed a total of 15 taxa of airborne cyanobacteria and microalgae. Inhalation of many of the detected taxa, including Synechocystis sp., Synechococcus sp., Bracteacoccus sp., Chlorella sp., Chlorococcum sp., Stichococcus sp., and Amphora sp., poses potential threats to human health. Aside from two green algae, all identified organisms were capable of producing harmful metabolites, including toxins. Moreover, we documented the presence of the cyanobacterium Snowella sp. and the green alga Tetrastrum sp., taxa that had not been previously documented in the atmosphere by other researchers. Our study shows that the Adriatic Sea region seems to be a productive location for future research on airborne cyanobacteria and microalgae in the context of their impacts on human health, especially during the peak of tourism activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga A. Wiśniewska
- Division of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Gdynia, Pomerania, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Gdynia, Pomerania, Poland
| | - Anita U. Lewandowska
- Division of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Gdynia, Pomerania, Poland
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Stroming S, Robertson M, Mabee B, Kuwayama Y, Schaeffer B. Quantifying the Human Health Benefits of Using Satellite Information to Detect Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms and Manage Recreational Advisories in U.S. Lakes. GEOHEALTH 2020; 4:e2020GH000254. [PMID: 32864541 PMCID: PMC7446750 DOI: 10.1029/2020gh000254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Significant recent advances in satellite remote sensing allow environmental managers to detect and monitor cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHAB), and these capabilities are being used more frequently in water quality management. A quantitative estimate of the socioeconomic benefits generated from these new capabilities, known as an impact assessment, was missing from the growing literature on cyanoHABs and remote sensing. In this paper, we present an impact assessment framework to characterize the socioeconomic benefits of satellite remote sensing for detecting cyanoHABs and managing recreational advisories at freshwater lakes. We then apply this framework to estimate the socioeconomic benefits of satellite data that were used to manage a 2017 cyanoHAB event in Utah Lake. CyanoHAB events on Utah Lake can pose health risks to people who interact with the blooms through recreation. We find that the availability of satellite data yielded socioeconomic benefits by improving human health outcomes valued at approximately $370,000, though a sensitivity analysis reveals that this central estimate can vary significantly ($55,000-$1,057,000 in benefits) as a result of different assumptions regarding the time delay in posting a recreational advisory, the number of people exposed to the cyanoHAB, the number of people who experience gastrointestinal symptoms, and the cost per case of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Stroming
- School of Foreign ServiceGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | | | | | | | - Blake Schaeffer
- Office of Research and DevelopmentUnited States Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA
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Young N, Sharpe RA, Barciela R, Nichols G, Davidson K, Berdalet E, Fleming LE. Marine harmful algal blooms and human health: A systematic scoping review. HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 98:101901. [PMID: 33129458 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to harmful algal blooms (HABs) can lead to well recognised acute patterns of illness in humans. The objective of this scoping review was to use an established methodology and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting framework to map the evidence for associations between marine HABs and observed both acute and chronic human health effects. A systematic and reproducible search of publications from 1985 until May 2019 was conducted using diverse electronic databases. Following de-duplication, 5301 records were identified, of which 380 were included in the final qualitative synthesis. The majority of studies (220; 57.9%) related to Ciguatera Poisoning. Anecdotal and case reports made up the vast majority of study types (242; 63.7%), whereas there were fewer formal epidemiological studies (35; 9.2%). Only four studies related to chronic exposure to HABs. A low proportion of studies reported the use of human specimens for confirmation of the cause of illness (32; 8.4%). This study highlighted gaps in the evidence base including a lack of formal surveillance and epidemiological studies, limited use of toxin measurements in human samples, and a scarcity of studies of chronic exposure. Future research and policy should provide a baseline understanding of the burden of human disease to inform the evaluation of the current and future impacts of climate change and HABs on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Young
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Truro, UK; University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
| | - Richard A Sharpe
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Truro, UK; Public Health, Cornwall Council, Truro, UK; University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Rosa Barciela
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Truro, UK; Met Office, Exeter, UK; University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Gordon Nichols
- Climate Change and Health Group, Centre for Radiation Chemicals and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Truro, UK; School of Environmental Sciences, UEA, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Keith Davidson
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, UK
| | - Elisa Berdalet
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Truro, UK; University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
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Lewis DM, Troast BV, Glomb JC, Cook GS. An Ecological Characterization of Fish Assemblages in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida. SOUTHEAST NAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1656/058.019.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dakota M. Lewis
- The University of Central Florida, Department of Biology 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816
| | - Brittany V. Troast
- University of Miami Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, NOAA/OAR/AOML, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149
| | - Jackson C. Glomb
- The University of Central Florida, Department of Biology 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816
| | - Geoffrey S. Cook
- The University of Central Florida, Department of Biology 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816
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Zerrifi SEA, Mugani R, Redouane EM, El Khalloufi F, Campos A, Vasconcelos V, Oudra B. Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCBs): innovative green bioremediation process based on anti-cyanobacteria bioactive natural products. Arch Microbiol 2020; 203:31-44. [PMID: 32803344 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades, Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCBs) represent one of the most conspicuous hazards to human health in freshwater ecosystems, due to the uses of the water for drinking, recreation and aquaculture. Cyanobacteria are one of the main biological components in freshwater ecosystems and they may proliferate in nutrients rich ecosystems causing severe impacts at different levels. Therefore, several methods have been applied to control cyanobacterial proliferation, including physical, chemical and biological strategies. However, the application of those methods is generally not very efficient. Research on an eco-friendly alternative leading to the isolation of new bioactive compounds with strong impacts against harmful cyanobacteria is a need in the field of water environment protection. Thus, this paper aims to give an overview of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and reviews the state of the art of studying the activities of biological compounds obtained from plants, seaweeds and microorganisms in the cyanobacterial bloom control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Richard Mugani
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - El Mahdi Redouane
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Fatima El Khalloufi
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Modeling and Environmental Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga (FPK), Sultan Moulay Slimane University, P.B. 145, 25000, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal. .,Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Brahim Oudra
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
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The Comparative Toxicity of 10 Microcystin Congeners Administered Orally to Mice: Clinical Effects and Organ Toxicity. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12060403. [PMID: 32570788 PMCID: PMC7354475 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12060403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are common cyanobacterial toxins that occur in freshwaters worldwide. Only two of the >200 MC variants have been tested for potential toxicity after oral exposure. This paper reports on the toxicity of 10 different MC congeners identified in algal blooms, microcystin-LR (MCLR), MCLA, MCLF, MCLW, MCLY, MCRR, [Asp3]MCRR, [Asp3,Dhb7]MCRR, MCWR, and MCYR after single administrations to BALB/c mice. In a preliminary MCLR dose–response study of 3 to 9 mg/kg doses, ≥5 mg/kg induced clinical changes, increased serum levels of ALT, AST, and GLDH, liver congestion, increased liver/body weight ratios, and reduced serum glucose and total protein. Based on the extent of these effects, the 10 congeners were administered as single 7 mg/kg oral doses and toxicity evaluated. The greatest toxicity was observed with MCLA and MCLR including a high percentage of moribundity. In addition to eliciting effects similar to those listed above for MCLR, MCLA also induced serum alterations indicative of jaundice. MCLY, and MCYR induced changes like those noted with MCLR, but to lesser extents. MCLW and MCLF exhibited some serum and morphological changes associated with hepatic toxicity, while there were few indications of toxicity after exposures to MCRR, [Asp3]MCRR, [Asp3,Dhb7]MCRR, or MCWR. These data illustrate a wide spectrum of hepatic effects and different potencies of these MC congeners.
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Lee J, Choi J, Fatka M, Swanner E, Ikuma K, Liang X, Leung T, Howe A. Improved detection of mcyA genes and their phylogenetic origins in harmful algal blooms. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 176:115730. [PMID: 32234603 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins, a group of cyanotoxins produced by cyanobacterial strains, have become a significant microbial hazard to human and animal health due to increases in the frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs). Many studies have explored the correlation between microcystin concentrations and abundances of toxin-producing genes (e.g., mcyA genes) measured using quantitative PCR, and discrepancies between toxin concentrations and gene abundances are often observed. In this study, the results show that these discrepancies are at least partially due to primer sets that do not capture the phylogenetic diversity of naturally present toxin-producers. We designed three novel primer gene probes based on known mcyA genes to improve the detection and quantification of these genes in environmental samples. These primers were shown to improve the identification of mcyA genes compared to previously published primers in freshwater metagenomes, cyanobacterial isolates, and lake water samples. Unlike previously published primers, our primer sets could selectively amplify and resolve Microcystis, Anabaena, and Planktothrix mcyA genes. In lake water samples, abundance estimations of mcyA genes were found to correlate strongly with microcystin concentrations. Based on our results, these primers offer significant improvements over previously published probes to accurately identify and quantify mcyA genes in the environment. There is an increasing need to develop models based on microbial information and environmental factors to predict CyanoHABs, and improved primers will play an important role in aiding monitoring efforts to collect reliable and consistent data on toxicity risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaejin Lee
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jinlyung Choi
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Micah Fatka
- Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Swanner
- Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Kaoru Ikuma
- Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Xuewei Liang
- Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Tania Leung
- Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Adina Howe
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
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Xu Q, Ma H, Zhang H, Fan J, Yin C, Liu X, Liu Y, Wang H, Yan H. Purification and activity of the first recombinant enzyme for biodegrading hepatotoxin by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Olson NE, Cooke ME, Shi JH, Birbeck JA, Westrick JA, Ault AP. Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins in Aerosol Generated from Inland Lake Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4769-4780. [PMID: 32186187 PMCID: PMC11406200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by cyanobacteria in freshwater environments produce toxins (e.g., microcystin) that are harmful to human and animal health. HAB frequency and intensity are increasing with greater nutrient runoff and a warming climate. Lake spray aerosol (LSA) released from freshwater lakes has been identified on lakeshores and after transport inland, including from lakes with HABs, but little is known about the potential for HAB toxins to be incorporated into LSA. In this study, freshwater samples were collected from two lakes in Michigan: Mona Lake during a severe HAB with microcystin concentrations (>200 μg/L) well above the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommended "do not drink" level (1.6 μg/L) and Muskegon Lake without a HAB (<1 μg/L microcystin). Microcystin toxins were identified in freshwater, as well as aerosol particles generated in the laboratory from Mona Lake water by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) at atmospheric concentrations up to 50 ± 20 ng/m3. Enrichment of hydrophobic microcystin congeners (e.g., microcystin-LR) was observed in aerosol particles relative to bulk freshwater, while enrichment of hydrophilic microcystin (e.g., microcystin-RR) was lower. As HABs increase in a warming climate, understanding and quantifying the emissions of toxins into the atmosphere is crucial for evaluating the health consequences of HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Olson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Madeline E Cooke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jia H Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Johnna A Birbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Judy A Westrick
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Andrew P Ault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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