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Sibille G, Mannino G, Frasson I, Pavan M, Luganini A, Salata C, Maffei ME, Gribaudo G. The Novel A-Type Proanthocyanidin-Rich Phytocomplex SP4™ Acts as a Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agent against Human Respiratory Viruses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7370. [PMID: 39000477 PMCID: PMC11242173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The appearance of new respiratory virus infections in humans with epidemic or pandemic potential has underscored the urgent need for effective broad-spectrum antivirals (BSAs). Bioactive compounds derived from plants may provide a natural source of new BSA candidates. Here, we investigated the novel phytocomplex formulation SP4™ as a candidate direct-acting BSA against major current human respiratory viruses, including coronaviruses and influenza viruses. SP4™ inhibited the in vitro replication of SARS-CoV-2, hCoV-OC43, hCoV-229E, Influenza A and B viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus in the low-microgram range. Using hCoV-OC43 as a representative respiratory virus, most of the antiviral activity of SP4™ was observed to stem primarily from its dimeric A-type proanthocyanidin (PAC-A) component. Further investigations of the mechanistic mode of action showed SP4™ and its PAC-A-rich fraction to prevent hCoV-OC43 from attaching to target cells and exert virucidal activity. This occurred through their interaction with the spike protein of hCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, thereby interfering with spike functions and leading to the loss of virion infectivity. Overall, these findings support the further development of SP4™ as a candidate BSA of a natural origin for the prevention of human respiratory virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Sibille
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Mannino
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (M.E.M.)
| | - Ilaria Frasson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (I.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Marta Pavan
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Luganini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Cristiano Salata
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (I.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Massimo E. Maffei
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (M.E.M.)
| | - Giorgio Gribaudo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
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Mahrous AMK, Hifnawy MS, Ashour RMS, Issa MY, Zayed A. Phytochemical profiling of Livistona carinensis leaf extract via UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with assessment of its antiviral mechanisms. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21300-21306. [PMID: 38974228 PMCID: PMC11225548 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02705a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Among 36 species of the genus Livistona (family Palmae or Arecaceae), L. carinensis is considered the only species native to Africa. Previous studies showed the richness of Livistona fruits in phenolic compounds. The goal of the current study was to investigate the phytochemical composition and assess the antiviral mechanisms of the L. carinensis leaves' ethanolic extract cultivated in Egypt for the first time. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) was applied. Moreover, the total crude extract was fractionated using ethyl acetate and n-butanol for phytochemical investigations by various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Besides, the antiviral activity of L. carinensis leaves was assessed using three protocols in vitro using MTT assay compared to acyclovir. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based analysis resulted in identification of 72 metabolites tentatively. They belonged to diverse phytochemical classes, mainly including flavonoids (29), organic acids (10), and phenolic acids (7). The antiviral activity investigations revealed a direct Adeno virus inactivation mechanism rather than inhibition of virus replication or blocking its attachment to Vero cells. Hence, the plant leaves may be a potential candidate for discovery of novel antiviral drugs owing to the diversity of identified phytochemical classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr M K Mahrous
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University El Saleheya El Gadida 44813 Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Hifnawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Rehab M S Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Marwa Yousry Issa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University El-Guish Street (Medical Campus) 31527 Tanta Egypt
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Younes AH, Mustafa YF. Plant-Derived Coumarins: A Narrative Review of Their Structural and Biomedical Diversity. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400344. [PMID: 38587035 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived coumarin (PDC) is a naturally occurring heterocyclic backbone that belongs to the benzopyrone family. PDC and its based products are characterized by low toxicity and high distribution in a variety of herbal treatments that have numerous therapeutic potentials. These include anticoagulants, antibacterials, anti-inflammatory agents, anticancer agents, antioxidants, and others. So, it may be appropriate to investigate the qualities and potential bioactivities of PDCs. This article provides an overview of the biomedical potentials, availability, and clinical use possibilities of PDCs, with a focus on their important modes of action, using information on various pharmacological qualities discovered. The data used in this study came from published research between 2015 and 2023. We reviewed a selection of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, during that period. In conclusion, because of their abundance in medicinal plants, the clinical biochemistry attributes of PDCs are currently of interest. In a variety of medical specialties, PDCs serve a useful role as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Hazem Younes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Zia S, Sumon MM, Ashik MA, Basar A, Lim S, Oh Y, Park Y, Rahman MM. Potential Inhibitors of Lumpy Skin Disease's Viral Protein (DNA Polymerase): A Combination of Bioinformatics Approaches. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1283. [PMID: 38731287 PMCID: PMC11083254 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by a virus within the Poxviridae family and Capripoxvirus genus, induces nodular skin lesions in cattle. This spreads through direct contact and insect vectors, significantly affecting global cattle farming. Despite the availability of vaccines, their efficacy is limited by poor prophylaxis and adverse effects. Our study aimed to identify the potential inhibitors targeting the LSDV-encoded DNA polymerase protein (gene LSDV039) for further investigation through comprehensive analysis and computational methods. Virtual screening revealed rhein and taxifolin as being potent binders among 380 phytocompounds, with respective affinities of -8.97 and -7.20 kcal/mol. Canagliflozin and tepotinib exhibited strong affinities (-9.86 and -8.86 kcal/mol) among 718 FDA-approved antiviral drugs. Simulating the molecular dynamics of canagliflozin, tepotinib, rhein, and taxifolin highlighted taxifolin's superior stability and binding energy. Rhein displayed compactness in RMSD and RMSF, but fluctuated in Rg and SASA, while canagliflozin demonstrated stability compared to tepotinib. This study highlights the promising potential of using repurposed drugs and phytocompounds as potential LSD therapeutics. However, extensive validation through in vitro and in vivo testing and clinical trials is crucial for their practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabbir Zia
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; (S.Z.); (M.-M.S.); (M.-A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Md-Mehedi Sumon
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; (S.Z.); (M.-M.S.); (M.-A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Md-Ashiqur Ashik
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; (S.Z.); (M.-M.S.); (M.-A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Abul Basar
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; (S.Z.); (M.-M.S.); (M.-A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Sangjin Lim
- College of Forest & Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeonsu Oh
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yungchul Park
- College of Forest & Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Md-Mafizur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; (S.Z.); (M.-M.S.); (M.-A.A.); (A.B.)
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Nikitha R, Afeeza K, Suresh V, Dilipan E. Molecular Docking of Seaweed-Derived Drug Fucoxanthin Against the Monkeypox Virus. Cureus 2024; 16:e58730. [PMID: 38779278 PMCID: PMC11110489 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The monkeypox virus (MPXV) is classified as a zoonotic virus of the Poxviridae family, resulting from the MPXV strain of the Orthopoxvirus genus. Seaweeds, or marine macroalgae, are abundant reservoirs of bioactive compounds that demonstrate diverse biological properties, such as antiviral actions. In the field of computational analysis, in silico analysis refers to the use of computer-based methods to study and assess biological systems and processes. To forecast the binding affinity and interaction between the discovered chemical and the target proteins of the MPXV, a molecular docking analysis was conducted. Aim The research aims to conduct an in silico examination of a protein-ligand interaction of a drug produced from seaweed that targets the MPXV. Methodology Protein Data Bank (PDB) and PubChem databases provided MPXV methyltransferase and fucoxanthin ligand compounds. AutoDockTools 1.5.7 calculated the molecular docking using the Lamarckian genetic algorithm. Autogrid created a grid box around target 8B07 active site hotspot residues. Each docked molecule's docking parameters were obtained from 100 docking experiments with a maximum of 2.5 × 106 energy evaluations, a 0.02 mutation rate, and a 0.8 crossover rate. The population comprised 250 randomly selected volunteers. PyMOL was utilized to observe ligand fragment interactions. Results The binding energy of the ligand fucoxanthin was -5.46 kcal/mol. Fucoxanthin interacts with receptor molecules via hydrogen bonding at the amino acid level: Chain A: PHE188 and TYR189; and Chain B: LYS33, GLN37, GLY38, GLY96, ARG97, PHE115, PRO202, and SER203. The higher the negative docking score, the stronger the binding affinity between the receptor and ligand molecules, indicating that bioactive substances are more effective. Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that fucoxanthin, a pharmaceutical derivative generated from seaweed, had antiviral activity against the MPXV. This conclusion was reached based on protein-ligand interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Nikitha
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Klg Afeeza
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Medical Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Elangovan Dilipan
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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Bajetto G, Arnodo D, Biolatti M, Trifirò L, Albano C, Pasquero S, Gugliesi F, Campo E, Spyrakis F, Prandi C, De Andrea M, Dell’Oste V, Visentin I, Blangetti M. Antiherpetic Activity of a Root Exudate from Solanum lycopersicum. Microorganisms 2024; 12:373. [PMID: 38399777 PMCID: PMC10892521 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The rise of drug resistance to antivirals poses a significant global concern for public health; therefore, there is a pressing need to identify novel compounds that can effectively counteract strains resistant to current antiviral treatments. In light of this, researchers have been exploring new approaches, including the investigation of natural compounds as alternative sources for developing potent antiviral therapies. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the antiviral properties of the organic-soluble fraction of a root exudate derived from the tomato plant Solanum lycopersicum in the context of herpesvirus infections. Our findings demonstrated that a root exudate from Solanum lycopersicum exhibits remarkable efficacy against prominent members of the family Herpesviridae, specifically herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (EC50 25.57 µg/mL, SI > 15.64) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (EC50 9.17 µg/mL, SI 32.28) by inhibiting a molecular event during the herpesvirus replication phase. Moreover, the phytochemical fingerprint of the Solanum lycopersicum root exudate was characterized through mass spectrometry. Overall, these data have unveiled a novel natural product with antiherpetic activity, presenting a promising and valuable alternative to existing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Bajetto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Arnodo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.A.); (C.P.)
| | - Matteo Biolatti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Linda Trifirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Camilla Albano
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Selina Pasquero
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Francesca Gugliesi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Eva Campo
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (E.C.); (I.V.)
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy;
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.A.); (C.P.)
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Dell’Oste
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.B.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (F.G.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Ivan Visentin
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (E.C.); (I.V.)
| | - Marco Blangetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.A.); (C.P.)
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Wei Y, Liu H, Hu D, He Q, Yao C, Li H, Hu K, Wang J. Recent Advances in Enterovirus A71 Infection and Antiviral Agents. J Transl Med 2024; 104:100298. [PMID: 38008182 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) that majorly affects children. Most of the time, HFMD is a mild disease but can progress to severe complications, such as meningitis, brain stem encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and even death. HFMD caused by EV-A71 has emerged as an acutely infectious disease of highly pathogenic potential in the Asia-Pacific region. In this review, we introduced the properties and life cycle of EV-A71, and the pathogenesis and the pathophysiology of EV-A71 infection, including tissue tropism and host range of virus infection, the diseases caused by the virus, as well as the genes and host cell immune mechanisms of major diseases caused by enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) infection, such as encephalitis and neurologic pulmonary edema. At the same time, clinicopathologic characteristics of EV-A71 infection were introduced. There is currently no specific medication for EV-A71 infection, highlighting the urgency and significance of developing suitable anti-EV-A71 agents. This overview also summarizes the targets of existing anti-EV-A71 agents, including virus entry, translation, polyprotein processing, replication, assembly and release; interferons; interleukins; the mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and protein kinase B signaling pathways; the oxidative stress pathway; the ubiquitin-proteasome system; and so on. Furthermore, it overviews the effects of natural products, monoclonal antibodies, and RNA interference against EV-A71. It also discusses issues limiting the research of antiviral drugs. This review is a systematic and comprehensive summary of the mechanism and pathological characteristics of EV-A71 infection, the latest progress of existing anti-EV-A71 agents. It would provide better understanding and guidance for the research and application of EV-A71 infection and antiviral inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wei
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Da Hu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun He
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenguang Yao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanluo Li
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kanghong Hu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Sahoo S, Lee HK, Shin D. Structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics studies to explore potential natural inhibitors against 3C protease of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1340126. [PMID: 38298458 PMCID: PMC10827980 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1340126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious animal disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and primarily infects cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs. It has become a significant health concern in global livestock industries because of diverse serotypes, high mutation rates, and contagious nature. There is no specific antiviral treatment available for FMD. Hence, based on the importance of 3C protease in FMDV viral replication and pathogenesis, we have employed a structure-based virtual screening method by targeting 3C protease with a natural compounds dataset (n = 69,040) from the InterBioScreen database. Virtual screening results identified five potential compounds, STOCK1N-62634, STOCK1N-96109, STOCK1N-94672, STOCK1N-89819, and STOCK1N-80570, with a binding affinity of -9.576 kcal/mol, -8.1 kcal/mol, -7.744 kcal/mol, -7.647 kcal/mol, and - 7.778 kcal/mol, respectively. The compounds were further validated through physiochemical properties and density functional theory (DFT). Subsequently, the comparative 300-ns MD simulation of all five complexes exhibited overall structural stability from various MD analyses such as root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent accessible surface area (SASA), H-bonds, principal component analysis (PCA), and free energy landscape (FEL). Furthermore, MM-PBSA calculation suggests that all five compounds, particularly STOCK1N-62634, STOCK1N-96109, and STOCK1N-94672, can be considered as potential inhibitors because of their strong binding affinity toward 3C protease. Thus, we hope that these identified compounds can be studied extensively to develop natural therapeutics for the better management of FMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sthitaprajna Sahoo
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Kyo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Shin
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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9
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Pennisi R, Trischitta P, Costa M, Venuti A, Tamburello MP, Sciortino MT. Update of Natural Products and Their Derivatives Targeting Epstein-Barr Infection. Viruses 2024; 16:124. [PMID: 38257824 PMCID: PMC10818872 DOI: 10.3390/v16010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr (EBV) is a human γ-herpesvirus that undergoes both a productive (lytic) cycle and a non-productive (latent) phase. The virus establishes enduring latent infection in B lymphocytes and productive infection in the oral mucosal epithelium. Like other herpesviruses, EBV expresses its genes in a coordinated pattern during acute infection. Unlike others, it replicates its DNA during latency to maintain the viral genome in an expanding pool of B lymphocytes, which are stimulated to divide upon infection. The reactivation from the latent state is associated with a productive gene expression pattern mediated by virus-encoded transcriptional activators BZLF-1 and BRLF-1. EBV is a highly transforming virus that contributes to the development of human lymphomas. Though viral vectors and mRNA platforms have been used to develop an EBV prophylactic vaccine, currently, there are no vaccines or antiviral drugs for the prophylaxis or treatment of EBV infection and EBV-associated cancers. Natural products and bioactive compounds are widely studied for their antiviral potential and capability to modulate intracellular signaling pathways. This review was intended to collect information on plant-derived products showing their antiviral activity against EBV and evaluate their feasibility as an alternative or adjuvant therapy against EBV infections and correlated oncogenesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamaria Pennisi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Paola Trischitta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marianna Costa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Assunta Venuti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, 69366 Lyon, CEDEX 07, France;
| | - Maria Pia Tamburello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Maria Teresa Sciortino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.T.)
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10
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Sharma A, Sharma T, Bhaskar R, Ola M, Sharma A, Sharma PC. Promising Potential of Curcumin and Related Compounds for Antiviral Drug Discovery. Med Chem 2024; 20:597-612. [PMID: 38571348 DOI: 10.2174/0115734064277371240325105016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Viruses are acellular, microscopic, and mobile particles containing genetic particles, either DNA/RNA strands as nucleoproteins, responsible for 69,53,743 deaths till the year 2023. Curcumin and related compounds are among the areas of pivotal interest for researchers because of their versatile pharmacological profile. Chemically known as diferuloylmethane, which is a main constituent of turmeric along with demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, they have a broad spectrum of antiviral activity against viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus, influenza virus (Avian influenza) and Hepatitis C virus HIV. The possible role of curcumin as an antiviral agent may be attributed to the activation of the 20S proteasome, a cellular machinery responsible for degrading unfolded or misfolded proteins in a ubiquitin-independent manner. It shows suppression of HBV entry at various infection stages by inhibiting cccDNA replication by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to attenuate IAV-induced myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Sharma
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Twinkle Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Rajveer Bhaskar
- Department of Quality Assurance, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, 425405, India
| | - Monika Ola
- Department of Pharmaceutics, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, 425405, India
| | - Alok Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, MIET, Meerut, 250005, India
| | - Prabodh Chander Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
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11
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Khazir J, Ahmed S, Thakur RK, Hussain M, Gandhi SG, Babbar S, Mir SA, Shafi N, Tonfack LB, Rajpal VR, Maqbool T, Mir BA, Peer LA. Repurposing of Plant-based Antiviral Molecules for the Treatment of COVID-19. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:614-633. [PMID: 38477206 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266276749240206101847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19, stemming from SARS-CoV-2, poses a formidable threat to global healthcare, with a staggering 77 million confirmed cases and 690,067 deaths recorded till December 24, 2023. Given the absence of specific drugs for this viral infection, the exploration of novel antiviral compounds becomes imperative. High-throughput technologies are actively engaged in drug discovery, and there is a parallel effort to repurpose plant-based molecules with established antiviral properties. In this context, the review meticulously delves into the potential of plant-based folk remedies and existing molecules. These substances have showcased substantial viral inhibition in diverse in vivo, in silico, and in vitro studies, particularly against critical viral protein targets, including SARS-CoV-2. The findings position these plant-based molecules as promising antiviral drug candidates for the swift advancement of treatments for COVID-19. It is noteworthy that the inherent attributes of these plant-based molecules, such as their natural origin, potency, safety, and cost-effectiveness, contribute to their appeal as lead candidates. The review advocates for further exploration through comprehensive in vivo studies conducted on animal models, emphasizing the potential of plant-based compounds to help in the ongoing quest to develop effective antivirals against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabeena Khazir
- Department of Chemistry, HKM Govt. Degree College Eidgah, Cluster University Srinagar, J&K, 190001, India
| | - Sajad Ahmed
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road Jammu, 180001, J&K, India
| | - Rakesh Kr Thakur
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Manzoor Hussain
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
- Department of Botany, North Campus, University of Kashmir, Delina, Baramulla, J&K, 193103, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road Jammu, 180001, J&K, India
| | - Sadhana Babbar
- Department of Botany, Swami Shradhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110036, India
| | - Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nusrat Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, HKM Govt. Degree College Eidgah, Cluster University Srinagar, J&K, 190001, India
| | - Libert Brice Tonfack
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Environment, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Vijay Rani Rajpal
- Department of Botany, Hans Raj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tariq Maqbool
- Laboratory of Nanotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Botany, North Campus, University of Kashmir, Delina, Baramulla, J&K, 193103, India
| | - Latif Ahmad Peer
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
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12
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Ali SI, Salama A. Natural Immunomodulatory Agents as a Complementary Therapy for Poxviruses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1451:337-354. [PMID: 38801589 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Poxviruses target innate immunity mediators such as tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, interferons, complement, and chemokines. It also targets adaptive immunity such as CD4+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and B cells. Emerging of the recent epidemic of monkeypox virus (MPXV), a zoonotic disease native to Central and Western Africa, besides the lack of permitted treatments for poxviruses infections, encouraged researchers to identify effective inhibitors to help in preventing and treating poxviruses infections. Natural bioactive components, particularly polyphenolics, are promising for creating powerful antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, and antiviral agents. As a result, they are potentially effective therapies for preventing and treating viral diseases, such as infections caused by poxviruses including the recent pandemic MPXV. Polyphenolics: rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, resveratrol, quercitrin, myricitrin, gingerol, gallotannin, and propolis-benzofuran A, as well as isoquinoline alkaloids: galanthamine and thalimonine represent prospective antiviral agents against MPXV, they can inhibit MPXV and other poxviruses via targeting different viral elements including DNA Topoisomerase I (TOP1), Thymidine Kinase (TK), serine/threonine protein kinase (Ser/Thr kinase), and protein A48R. The bioactive extracts of different traditional plants including Guiera senegalensis, Larrea tridentata, Sarracenia purpurea, Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Quercus infectoria, Rhus chinensis, Prunella vulgaris L., Salvia rosmarinus, and Origanum vulgare also can inhibit the growth of different poxviruses including MPXV, vaccinia virus (VACV), variola virus, buffalopox virus, fowlpox virus, and cowpox virus. There is an urgent need for additional molecular studies to identify and confirm the anti-poxviruses properties of various natural bioactive components, especially those that showed potent antiviral activity against other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami I Ali
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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Pennisi R, Gentile D, Rescifina A, Napoli E, Trischitta P, Piperno A, Sciortino MT. An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Approach for the Identification of Natural Products Active against SARS-CoV-2. Biomolecules 2023; 14:43. [PMID: 38254643 PMCID: PMC10813393 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has provoked a global health crisis due to the absence of a specific therapeutic agent. 3CLpro (also known as the main protease or Mpro) and PLpro are chymotrypsin-like proteases encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and play essential roles during the virus lifecycle. Therefore, they are recognized as a prospective therapeutic target in drug discovery against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, this work aims to collectively present potential natural 3CLpro and PLpro inhibitors by in silico simulations and in vitro entry pseudotype-entry models. We screened luteolin-7-O-glucuronide (L7OG), cynarin (CY), folic acid (FA), and rosmarinic acid (RA) molecules against PLpro and 3CLpro through a luminogenic substrate assay. We only reported moderate inhibitory activity on the recombinant 3CLpro and PLpro by L7OG and FA. Afterward, the entry inhibitory activity of L7OG and FA was tested in cell lines transduced with the two different SARS-CoV-2 pseudotypes harboring alpha (α) and omicron (o) spike (S) protein. The results showed that both compounds have a consistent inhibitory activity on the entry for both variants. However, L7OG showed a greater degree of entry inhibition against α-SARS-CoV-2. Molecular modeling studies were used to determine the inhibitory mechanism of the candidate molecules by focusing on their interactions with residues recognized by the protease active site and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike SARS-CoV-2. This work allowed us to identify the binding sites of FA and L7OG within the RBD domain in the alpha and omicron variants, demonstrating how FA is active in both variants. We have confidence that future in vivo studies testing the safety and effectiveness of these natural compounds are warranted, given that they are effective against a variant of concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamaria Pennisi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (A.P.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Davide Gentile
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare—Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Paola Trischitta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (A.P.); (M.T.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Piperno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (A.P.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Sciortino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (P.T.); (A.P.); (M.T.S.)
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14
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Shin SY, Lee JH, Kim JW, Im WR, Damodar K, Woo HR, Kim WK, Lee JT, Jeon SH. Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Tabamide A and Its Structural Derivatives against Influenza Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17296. [PMID: 38139128 PMCID: PMC10744247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause severe endemic respiratory infections in both humans and animals worldwide. The emergence of drug-resistant viral strains requires the development of new influenza therapeutics. Tabamide A (TA0), a phenolic compound isolated from tobacco leaves, is known to have antiviral activity. We investigated whether synthetic TA0 and its derivatives exhibit anti-influenza virus activity. Analysis of structure-activity relationship revealed that two hydroxyl groups and a double bond between C7 and C8 in TA0 are crucial for maintaining its antiviral action. Among its derivatives, TA25 showed seven-fold higher activity than TA0. Administration of TA0 or TA25 effectively increased survival rate and reduced weight loss of virus-infected mice. TA25 appears to act early in the viral infection cycle by inhibiting viral mRNA synthesis on the template-negative strand. Thus, the anti-influenza virus activity of TA0 can be expanded by application of its synthetic derivatives, which may aid in the development of novel antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yong Shin
- Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.H.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.R.I.)
| | - Joo Hee Lee
- Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.H.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.R.I.)
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.H.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.R.I.)
| | - Wonkyun Ronny Im
- Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.H.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.R.I.)
| | - Kongara Damodar
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (K.D.); (H.R.W.)
| | - Hyung Ryeol Woo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (K.D.); (H.R.W.)
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong Tae Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (K.D.); (H.R.W.)
| | - Sung Ho Jeon
- Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.H.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.R.I.)
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15
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Masters ET. Medicinal plants of the upper Aswa River catchment of northern Uganda - a cultural crossroads. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2023; 19:48. [PMID: 37884931 PMCID: PMC10605377 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-023-00620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper presents a comparative inventory of medicinal plant taxa and their uses by smallholder farming communities of four cultures in the Aswa River catchment of northern Uganda, situated in the eastern Sudanian savanna parkland ecotype of sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of the study was to document the ethnobotanical use of medicinal plants by the Lango, Acholi, Teso (Atesot) and Ethur (jo Abwor), in an historical moment before civil conflict and mass displacement of the respondent communities disrupted the inter-generational transmission of traditional technical knowledge within the study area. METHODS Following community consultations in four districts of northern Uganda during 1999-2000, interviews were conducted with holders of specialist knowledge on plants used as medicine on basis of a plant specimen allocated a voucher number and identified by the national herbarium. Use reports reflecting specific medicinal applications were compiled in aggregate to obtain a Relative Importance Index ranking. The commonality of medicinal taxa cited between each cultural interface was assessed by the Jaccard Index of Similarity, and the similarity of specific medicinal usage by taxon using Rahman's Similarity Index. RESULTS The data collected from 112 respondents comprise 280 medicinal use reports describing 263 applications for 62 medical conditions, citing 108 taxa from 44 botanical families of which Fabaceae comprised 20% of all use reports. No earlier mention could be found to corroborate 72 use reports (27% of the total), representing medicinal indications as yet undocumented, and potentially worthy of investigation. The RI values ranged between 15 and 94%, with 13 taxa having RI values above 50%. The JI ratios indicate the highest degree of similarity in the plant taxa used as medicine (21%) between the Lango and Teso cultures who share a common origin; however, Rahman's Similarity Index indicates the highest similarity of specific medicinal usage by taxon between the Lango and Acholi, who share a common language group through cultural assimilation over time. CONCLUSIONS As a comparative study, the results imply that cultural exchange and assimilation may be a greater driver of inter-cultural similarity of ethnopharmacological use of a given taxon, as compared to shared historical origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot T Masters
- Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology (Te Pūkenga), Nelson, New Zealand.
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16
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Mandal A, Hazra B. Medicinal plant molecules against hepatitis C virus: Current status and future prospect. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4353-4374. [PMID: 37439007 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a global malady, causes acute and chronic hepatitis leading to permanent liver damage, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Modern anti-HCV therapies are efficient, but mostly inaccessible for residents of underdeveloped regions. To innovate more effective treatments at affordable cost, medicinal plant-based products need to be explored. The aim of this article is to review plant constituents in the light of putative anti-HCV mechanisms of action, and discuss existing problems, challenges, and future directions for their potential application in therapeutic settings. One hundred sixty literatures were collected by using appropriate search strings via scientific search engines: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Bibliography was prepared using Mendeley desktop software. We found a substantial number of plants that were reported to inhibit different stages of HCV life cycle. Traditional medicinal plants such as Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. and Thonn., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk., and Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile exhibited strong anti-HCV activities. Again, several phytochemicals such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, honokilol, punicalagin, and quercetin have shown broad-spectrum anti-HCV effect. We have presented promising phytochemicals like silymarin, curcumin, glycyrrhizin, and camptothecin for nanoparticle-based hepatocyte-targeted drug delivery. Nevertheless, only a few animal studies have been performed to validate the anti-HCV effect of these plant products. Again, insufficient clinical evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of herbal medications remain a problem. Selected plants products could be developed as novel therapeutics for HCV patients only after scrupulous evaluation of their safety and efficacy in a clinical set-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, Mrinalini Datta Mahavidyapith, Birati, Kolkata, India
| | - Banasri Hazra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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17
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Alkafaas SS, Abdallah AM, Hussien AM, Bedair H, Abdo M, Ghosh S, Elkafas SS, Apollon W, Saki M, Loutfy SA, Onyeaka H, Hessien M. A study on the effect of natural products against the transmission of B.1.1.529 Omicron. Virol J 2023; 20:191. [PMID: 37626376 PMCID: PMC10464336 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic resulted in a successful vaccination program launched by the World Health Organization. However, a large population is still unvaccinated, leading to the emergence of mutated strains like alpha, beta, delta, and B.1.1.529 (Omicron). Recent reports from the World Health Organization raised concerns about the Omicron variant, which emerged in South Africa during a surge in COVID-19 cases in November 2021. Vaccines are not proven completely effective or safe against Omicron, leading to clinical trials for combating infection by the mutated virus. The absence of suitable pharmaceuticals has led scientists and clinicians to search for alternative and supplementary therapies, including dietary patterns, to reduce the effect of mutated strains. MAIN BODY This review analyzed Coronavirus aetiology, epidemiology, and natural products for combating Omicron. Although the literature search did not include keywords related to in silico or computational research, in silico investigations were emphasized in this study. Molecular docking was implemented to compare the interaction between natural products and Chloroquine with the ACE2 receptor protein amino acid residues of Omicron. The global Omicron infection proceeding SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was also elucidated. The docking results suggest that DGCG may bind to the ACE2 receptor three times more effectively than standard chloroquine. CONCLUSION The emergence of the Omicron variant has highlighted the need for alternative therapies to reduce the impact of mutated strains. The current review suggests that natural products such as DGCG may be effective in binding to the ACE2 receptor and combating the Omicron variant, however, further research is required to validate the results of this study and explore the potential of natural products to mitigate COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sami Alkafaas
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Abanoub Mosaad Abdallah
- Narcotic Research Department, National Center for Social and Criminological Research (NCSCR), Giza, 11561, Egypt
| | - Aya Misbah Hussien
- Biotechnology Department at Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba Bedair
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdo
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa.
| | - Sara Samy Elkafas
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Wilgince Apollon
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda El Canadá, 66050, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Morteza Saki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Samah A Loutfy
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Nanotechnology Research Center, British University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helen Onyeaka
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Mohamed Hessien
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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Chowdhary S, Deka R, Panda K, Kumar R, Solomon AD, Das J, Kanoujiya S, Gupta AK, Sinha S, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK, Gupta PK. Recent Updates on Viral Oncogenesis: Available Preventive and Therapeutic Entities. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:3698-3740. [PMID: 37486263 PMCID: PMC10410670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Human viral oncogenesis is a complex phenomenon and a major contributor to the global cancer burden. Several recent findings revealed cellular and molecular pathways that promote the development and initiation of malignancy when viruses cause an infection. Even, antiviral treatment has become an approach to eliminate the viral infections and prevent the activation of oncogenesis. Therefore, for a better understanding, the molecular pathogenesis of various oncogenic viruses like, hepatitis virus, human immunodeficiency viral (HIV), human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), could be explored, especially, to expand many potent antivirals that may escalate the apoptosis of infected malignant cells while sparing normal and healthy ones. Moreover, contemporary therapies, such as engineered antibodies antiviral agents targeting signaling pathways and cell biomarkers, could inhibit viral oncogenesis. This review elaborates the recent advancements in both natural and synthetic antivirals to control viral oncogenesis. The study also highlights the challenges and future perspectives of using antivirals in viral oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Chowdhary
- Department
of Industrial Microbiology, Sam Higginbottom
University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rahul Deka
- Department
of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla
Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Kingshuk Panda
- Department
of Applied Microbiology, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishikt David Solomon
- Department
of Molecular & Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jimli Das
- Centre
for
Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh
University, Assam 786004, India
| | - Supriya Kanoujiya
- School
of
Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Gupta
- Department
of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Somya Sinha
- Department
of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to
Be University, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Division
of Research and Development, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department
of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to
Be University, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
- Faculty
of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International
University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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19
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Huang Q, Wang M, Wang M, Lu Y, Wang X, Chen X, Yang X, Guo H, He R, Luo Z. Scutellaria baicalensis: a promising natural source of antiviral compounds for the treatment of viral diseases. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:563-575. [PMID: 37611975 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Viruses, the smallest microorganisms, continue to present an escalating threat to human health, being the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Over the decades, although significant progress has been made in the development of therapies and vaccines against viral diseases, the need for effective antiviral interventions remains urgent. This urgency stems from the lack of effective vaccines, the severe side effects associated with current drugs, and the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains. Natural plants, particularly traditionally-used herbs, are often considered an excellent source of medicinal drugs with potent antiviral efficacy, as well as a substantial safety profile. Scutellaria baicalensis, a traditional Chinese medicine, has garnered considerable attention due to its extensive investigation across diverse therapeutic areas and its demonstrated efficacy in both preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we mainly focused on the potential antiviral activities of ingredients in Scutellaria baicalensis, shedding light on their underlying mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications in the treatment of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Muyang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Min Wang
- Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Department of Pharmacy, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Yuhui Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 612505, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Rongrong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 612505, China.
| | - Zhuo Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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20
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Barhouchi B, Menacer R, Bouchkioua S, Mansour A, Belattar N. Compounds from myrtle flowers as antibacterial agents and SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors: In-vitro and molecular docking studies. ARAB J CHEM 2023; 16:104939. [PMID: 37193561 PMCID: PMC10140470 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants and their related phytochemicals play a key role in the treatment of bacterial and viral infections, which inspire scientists to design and develop more efficient drugs starting from the phytochemical active scaffold. This work aims to characterize the chemical compounds of Myrtus communis essential oil (EO) from Algeria and to evaluate its in vitro antibacterial effect, as well as the in silico anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. The chemical profile of hydrodistilled EO from myrtle flowers was determined using GC/MS analysis. The results showed qualitative and quantitative fluctuations and 54 compounds were identified including the main components: α-pinene (48.94%) and 1,8-cineole (28.3%) whereas other minor compounds were detected. The in vitro antibacterial activity of myrtle EO against Gram-negative bacteria was carried out by using the disc diffusion method. The best inhibition zone values ranged between 11 and 25 mm. The results revealed that Escherichia coli (25 mm), Klebsiella oxytoca (20 mm) and Serratia marcescens (20 mm) are the most susceptible strains to the EO which is endowed with a bactericidal effect. Furthermore, the antibacterial and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities were investigated by the means of molecular docking (MD) study, in addition to ADME(Tox) analysis. The phytochemicals were docked against four targets: E. coli topoisomerase II DNA gyrase B (PDB: 1KZN), SARS-CoV-2 Main protease (PDB: 6LU7), Spike (PDB: 6ZLG) and angiotensin-converting enzyme II ACE2 (PDB: 1R42). The MD investigation revealed that 1,8-cineole could be the main phytochemical associated with the antibacterial activity of EO; s-cbz-cysteine, mayurone and methylxanthine were found the most promising phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2; The ADME(Tox) analysis has shown their good druggability with no Lipinski's rule violation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badra Barhouchi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center CRSP, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Rafik Menacer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center CRSP, Constantine 25000, Algeria
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques CRAPC, BP 384, Zone Industrielle, Bou-ismail, Tipaza RP 42004, Algeria
| | - Saad Bouchkioua
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center CRSP, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Amira Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center CRSP, Constantine 25000, Algeria
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques CRAPC, BP 384, Zone Industrielle, Bou-ismail, Tipaza RP 42004, Algeria
| | - Nadjah Belattar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center CRSP, Constantine 25000, Algeria
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21
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Nabil-Adam A, E. Elnosary M, L. Ashour M, M. Abd El-Moneam N, A. Shreadah M. Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Plants as a Defense Mechanism: Role and Function Concerning Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetic Properties. FLAVONOID METABOLISM - RECENT ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS IN CROP BREEDING 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.108637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a major class of secondary metabolites that comprises more than 6000 compounds that have been identified. They are biosynthesized via the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway that involves groups of enzymes such as isomerases, hydroxylases, and reductases that greatly affect the determination of the flavonoid skeleton. For example, transferase enzymes responsible for the modification of sugar result in changes in the physiological activity of the flavonoids and changes in their physical properties, such as solubility, reactivity, and interaction with cellular target molecules, which affect their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties. In addition, flavonoids have diverse biological activities such as antioxidants, anticancer, and antiviral in managing Alzheimer’s disease. However, most marine flavonoids are still incompletely discovered because marine flavonoid biosynthesis is produced and possesses unique substitutions that are not commonly found in terrestrial bioactive compounds. The current chapter will illustrate the importance of flavonoids’ role in metabolism and the main difference between marine and terrestrial flavonoids.
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22
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El-Gendi H, Abu-Serie MM, Kamoun EA, Saleh AK, El-Fakharany EM. Statistical optimization and characterization of fucose-rich polysaccharides extracted from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) along with antioxidant and antiviral activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123372. [PMID: 36706886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active phytochemicals from pumpkin reveal versatile medical applications, though little is known about their antiviral activity. The fucose-rich polysaccharide extraction conditions were optimized through Box-Behnken design and purified by column chromatography. The purified fucose-rich polysaccharide was characterized through SEM, FT-IR, 1H NMR, XRD, TGA, and GS-MS. The analysis results revealed an irregular and porous surface of the purified polysaccharide with high fucose, rhamnose, galactose, and glucose contents. The tested fucose-rich polysaccharides revealed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity at very low concentrations. The purified fucose-rich polysaccharides exerted a broad-spectrum antiviral activity against both DNA and RNA viruses, accompanied by high safety toward normal cells, where the maximum safe doses (EC100) were estimated to be about 3-3.9 mg/mL for both Vero and PBMC cell lines. Treatment of HCV, ADV7, HSV1, and HIV viruses with the purified polysaccharides showed a potent dose-dependent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 95.475, 20.96, 5.213, and 461.75 μg/mL, respectively. This activity was hypothesized to be through inhibiting the viral entry in HCV infection and inhibiting the reverse transcriptase activity in HIV. The current study firstly reported the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities of Cucurbita maxima fucose-rich polysaccharide against several viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada El-Gendi
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Application (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elbadawy A Kamoun
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt; Polymeric Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Saleh
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
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23
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Williams DE, Cassel J, Zhu JL, Yang JX, de Voogd NJ, Matainaho T, Salvino JM, Wang YA, Montaner LJ, Tietjen I, Andersen RJ. Thorectidiol A Isolated from the Marine Sponge Dactylospongia elegans Disrupts Interactions of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor Binding Domain with the Host ACE2 Receptor. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:582-588. [PMID: 36657039 PMCID: PMC9885524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thorectidiols isolated from the marine sponge Dactylospongia elegans (family Thorectidae, order Dictyoceratida) collected in Papua New Guinea are a family of symmetrical and unsymmetrical dimeric biphenyl meroterpenoid stereoisomers presumed to be products of oxidative phenol coupling of a co-occurring racemic monomer, thorectidol (3). One member of the family, thorectidiol A (1), has been isolated in its natural form, and its structure has been elucidated by analysis of NMR, MS, and ECD data. Acetylation of the sponge extract facilitated isolation of additional thorectidiol diacetate stereoisomers and the isolation of the racemic monomer thorectidol acetate (6). Racemic thorectidiol A (1) showed selective inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD) interaction with the host ACE2 receptor with an IC50 = 1.0 ± 0.7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z1
- Department of Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Joel Cassel
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jin-Lin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Jian-Xiong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Nicole J de Voogd
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Teatulohi Matainaho
- University of Papua New Guinea, University National Capital District, 134, Papua New Guinea
| | - Joseph M Salvino
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yan Alexander Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Luis J Montaner
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ian Tietjen
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Raymond J Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z1
- Department of Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z4
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24
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Bhat SA, Hasan SK, Parray ZA, Siddiqui ZI, Ansari S, Anwer A, Khan S, Amir F, Mehmankhah M, Islam A, Minuchehr Z, Kazim SN. Potential antiviral activities of chrysin against hepatitis B virus. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:11. [PMID: 36895013 PMCID: PMC9995728 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00531-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogues are current therapeutic treatments for chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with the limitations of a functional cure. Chrysin (5, 7-dihydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonoid, known for its antiviral and hepatoprotective activities. However, its anti-HBV activity is unexplored. METHODS In the present study, the anti-hepatitis B activity of chrysin was investigated using the in vitro experimental cell culture model, HepG2 cells. In silico studies were performed where chrysin and lamivudine (used here as a positive control) were docked with high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1). For the in vitro studies, wild type HBV genome construct (pHBV 1.3X) was transiently transfected in HepG2. In culture supernatant samples, HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Secreted HBV DNA and intracellular covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) were measured by SYBR green real-time PCR. The 3D crystal structure of HMGB1 (1AAB) protein was developed and docked with the chrysin and lamivudine. In silico drug-likeness, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) properties of finest ligands were performed by using SwissADME and admetSAR web servers. RESULTS Data showed that chrysin significantly decreases HBeAg, HBsAg secretion, supernatant HBV DNA and cccDNA, in a dose dependent manner. The docking studies demonstrated HMGB1 as an important target for chrysin as compared to lamivudine. Chrysin revealed high binding affinity and formed a firm kissing complex with HMGB1 (∆G = - 5.7 kcal/mol), as compared to lamivudine (∆G = - 4.3 kcal/mol), which might be responsible for its antiviral activity. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of our study establishes chrysin as a new antiviral against HBV infection. However, using chrysin to treat chronic HBV disease needs further endorsement and optimization by in vivo studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmad Bhat
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Syed Kazim Hasan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Parray
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zaheenul Islam Siddiqui
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Shabnam Ansari
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayesha Anwer
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Saniya Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Fatima Amir
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahboubeh Mehmankhah
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zarrin Minuchehr
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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25
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Giordano D, Facchiano A, Carbone V. Food Plant Secondary Metabolites Antiviral Activity and Their Possible Roles in SARS-CoV-2 Treatment: An Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062470. [PMID: 36985442 PMCID: PMC10058909 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products and plant extracts exhibit many biological activities, including that related to the defense mechanisms against parasites. Many studies have investigated the biological functions of secondary metabolites and reported evidence of antiviral activities. The pandemic emergencies have further increased the interest in finding antiviral agents, and efforts are oriented to investigate possible activities of secondary plant metabolites against human viruses and their potential application in treating or preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we performed a comprehensive analysis of studies through in silico and in vitro investigations, also including in vivo applications and clinical trials, to evaluate the state of knowledge on the antiviral activities of secondary metabolites against human viruses and their potential application in treating or preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a particular focus on natural compounds present in food plants. Although some of the food plant secondary metabolites seem to be useful in the prevention and as a possible therapeutic management against SARS-CoV-2, up to now, no molecules can be used as a potential treatment for COVID-19; however, more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Giordano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Angelo Facchiano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Virginia Carbone
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
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26
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Arasu MV, Vijayaragavan P, Purushothaman S, Rathi MA, Al-Dhabi NA, Gopalakrishnan VK, Choi KC, Ilavenil S. Molecular docking of monkeypox (mpox) virus proteinase with FDA approved lead molecules. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:784-791. [PMID: 36958173 PMCID: PMC9990884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox virus (mpox) disease is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus from the Poxviridae family. The mpox virus showed structural similarity with smallpox virus disease. The recent outbreak of mpox infection in the rest of African countries causes public health issues of increased pandemic potential. Mpox virus is involved in the viral replication cycle through the biocatalytic reaction of precursor polyproteins cleavage. OBJECTIVES The main objective of the study was to analyze the molecular interactions between mpox and FDA-approved drugs. METHODS The primary and secondary structure of the protein was retrieved and FDA approved drug was screened using AutoDock. The best hit was analyzed and the molecular interactions were studied. Model validation analyzes the peptide, energy of hydrogen bonds, steric conflicts and bond planarity. Z-score was calculated using ProSA-web tool and the score tested the native fold from other alternative folds. RESULTS The confidence level of the submitted amino acids was> 80 % and the maximum confidence score for a single template was 98.2 %. The generated proteinase model was subjected to analyze the distribution of atoms and the using ERRAT server. The overall quality score was 88.535 and this value represents the amino acid percentage with anticipated error value and the value falling below the rejection limit. The Z-score of this study result was within the Z-score range (-4.17) validated for native enzymes. The binding pockets of the enzyme were determined in this study and two binding pockets were predicted using the automatic online tool using the web server. The selected FDA-approved drugs were ordered based on their minimum binding energy to the proteinase. CONCLUSIONS Molecular docking studies revealed the involvement of various hydrophobic interactions between FDA-approved drugs and amino acid residues of monkeypox virus proteinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - P Vijayaragavan
- Bioprocess Engineering Division, Smykon Biotech Pvt LtD, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu 629201, India
| | - Sumitha Purushothaman
- Bioprocess Engineering Division, Smykon Biotech Pvt LtD, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu 629201, India
| | - M A Rathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Research Center, FASCM, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - V K Gopalakrishnan
- School of Medicine, Bule Hora University Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, BuleHora, Ethiopia.
| | - Ki Choon Choi
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ilavenil
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea
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27
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Cornejal N, Pollack E, Kaur R, Persaud A, Plagianos M, Juliani HR, Simon JE, Zorde M, Priano C, Koroch A, Romero JAF. Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Theobroma cacao, Bourreria huanita, Eriobotrya japonica, and Elettaria cardamomum - Traditional Plants Used in Central America. JOURNAL OF MEDICINALLY ACTIVE PLANTS 2023; 12:1-17. [PMID: 38234988 PMCID: PMC10792510 DOI: 10.7275/wets-9869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The search for alternative naturally occurring antimicrobial agents will always continue, especially when emerging diseases like COVID-19 provide an urgency to identify and develop safe and effective ways to prevent or treat these infections. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity as well as antioxidant properties of commercial samples from four traditional medicinal plants used in Central America: Theobroma cacao, Bourreria huanita, Eriobotrya japonica, and Elettaria cardamomum. Ethanolic extracts were prepared from commercial products derived from the seeds or flowers of these plants. Total phenolics and antioxidant activity were assessed using commercial kits. The cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were evaluated using the XTT colorimetric assay and a SARS-CoV-2 delta pseudoviral model. The half-maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) and half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) were used to calculate the therapeutic index (TI). Additionally, the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis was tested using a spectrophotometric method. The extracts showed total phenolics in the range of 0.06 to 1.85 nM/μL catechin equivalents, with T. cacao bean extract showing the highest content. The antioxidant activity showed values between 0.02 and 0.44 mM Trolox equivalents. T. cacao bean extract showed the highest antioxidant activity. Most plant extracts showed zero to moderate selective antiviral activity; however, one T. cacao beans sample showed excellent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 with a TI value of 30.3, and one sample of E. japonica showed selective antiviral activity with a TI value of 18.7. Significant inhibition of E. coli and S. epidermidis by an E. japonica ethanolic extract (p<0.001) was observed using a spectrophotometric method that monitors bacterial growth over time. Additionally, ethanolic extracts of E. cardamomum showed significant inhibition of S. epidermidis growth (p<0.001). The results warrant further investigation of the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of these plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadjet Cornejal
- Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10007
- Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, NY, 11210
| | - Evian Pollack
- Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10007
| | - Rajvinder Kaur
- Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10007
| | - Ashanna Persaud
- Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10007
| | - Marlena Plagianos
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, 10065
| | - H. Rodolfo Juliani
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, NJ, 08901
| | - James E. Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, NJ, 08901
| | - Martin Zorde
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, NJ, 08901
| | - Christine Priano
- Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10007
| | - Adolfina Koroch
- Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10007
| | - José A. Fernández Romero
- Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10007
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, 10065
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28
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Wu W, Ye Y, Zhong Y, Yan X, Lin J, Qiu J, Liu S, Fang Z. Pterostilbene effectively inhibits influenza A virus infection by promoting the type I interferon production. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105062. [PMID: 36280208 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
With the prevalence of novel strains and drug-resistant influenza viruses, there is an urgent need to develop effective and low-toxicity anti-influenza therapeutics. Regulation of the type I interferon antiviral response is considered an attractive therapeutic strategy for viral infection. Pterostilbene, a 3,5-dimethoxy analog of resveratrol, is known for its remarkable pharmacological activity. Here, we found that pterostilbene effectively inhibited influenza A virus infection and mainly affected the late stages of viral replication. A mechanistic study showed that the antiviral activity of pterostilbene might promote the induction of antiviral type I interferon and expression of its downstream interferon-stimulated genes during viral infection. The same effect of pterostilbene was also observed in the condition of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) transfection. Further study showed that pterostilbene interacted with influenza non-structural 1 (NS1) protein, inhibited ubiquitination mediated degradation of RIG-I and activated the downstream antiviral pathway, orchestrating an antiviral state against influenza virus in the cell. Taken together, pterostilbene could be a promising anti-influenza agent for future antiviral drug exploitation and compounds with similar structures may provide new options for the development of novel inhibitors against influenza A virus (IAV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466 Middle Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Yilu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yingyuan Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.23 Haipang Street, North Street, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Xiukui Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466 Middle Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466 Middle Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Jianxiang Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466 Middle Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Zhixin Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466 Middle Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
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Yu W, Zhang B, Hong X, Cai H, Wang Y, Lu J, Hu X, Cao B. Identification of desoxyrhapontigenin as a novel antiviral agent against congenital Zika virus infection. Antiviral Res 2023; 211:105542. [PMID: 36646387 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection arises as a global health threat owing to its association with Guillain-Barre syndrome and microcephaly in adults and fetuses since the most recent epidemics. Although extraordinary efforts have been underway globally to identify safe and effective treatments for ZIKV, therapeutic progressions seem to remain stagnant, especially for treating congenital ZIKV infection. Bio-compounds from medicinal plants evolutionarily optimized as drug-like molecules offer eligible sources of pharmaceuticals and lead drugs to fight against viral infections. Here, we identified desoxyrhapontigenin (DES), a naturally occurring bioactive product, as the strongest inhibitory compound against ZIKV infection among six conventional polyphenols in vitro. We also leveraged the trophoblast cell line, human trophoblast stem cells, and complex placental organoid models to provide solid evidence to support the anti-ZIKV bioactivity of DES. Notably, DES treatment effectively reduced the ZIKV burden in serum and target tissues, and correspondingly improved ZIKV-induced pathologic changes including weight loss, tissue inflammation, cell apoptosis, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, while it did not lead to obvious toxicity in both adult and pregnant mice. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that DES could suppress ZIKV entry via dual mechanisms of direct targeting ZIKV E proteins and downregulating putative ZIKV receptors. These findings elucidate a previously unappreciated protective role of desoxyrhapontigenin against ZIKV infection both in vitro and in vivo, which shed light on the development of a novel and potent treatment for congenital ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Yu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China
| | - Beiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China
| | - Xiao Hong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China
| | - Han Cai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China
| | - Xiaoqian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China.
| | - Bin Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, China.
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Chan-Zapata I, Borges-Argáez R, Ayora-Talavera G. Quinones as Promising Compounds against Respiratory Viruses: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041981. [PMID: 36838969 PMCID: PMC9967002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses represent a world public health problem, giving rise to annual seasonal epidemics and several pandemics caused by some of these viruses, including the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, which continues to date. Some antiviral drugs have been licensed for the treatment of influenza, but they cause side effects and lead to resistant viral strains. Likewise, aerosolized ribavirin is the only drug approved for the therapy of infections by the respiratory syncytial virus, but it possesses various limitations. On the other hand, no specific drugs are licensed to treat other viral respiratory diseases. In this sense, natural products and their derivatives have appeared as promising alternatives in searching for new compounds with antiviral activity. Besides their chemical properties, quinones have demonstrated interesting biological activities, including activity against respiratory viruses. This review summarizes the activity against respiratory viruses and their molecular targets by the different types of quinones (both natural and synthetic). Thus, the present work offers a general overview of the importance of quinones as an option for the future pharmacological treatment of viral respiratory infections, subject to additional studies that support their effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Chan-Zapata
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Merida 97205, Mexico
| | - Rocío Borges-Argáez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Merida 97205, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-99-99-42-83-30
| | - Guadalupe Ayora-Talavera
- Departamento de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Paseo de Las Fuentes, Merida 97225, Mexico
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31
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Gonzalez-Pastor R, Carrera-Pacheco SE, Zúñiga-Miranda J, Rodríguez-Pólit C, Mayorga-Ramos A, Guamán LP, Barba-Ostria C. Current Landscape of Methods to Evaluate Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031068. [PMID: 36770734 PMCID: PMC9920787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural extracts have been and continue to be used to treat a wide range of medical conditions, from infectious diseases to cancer, based on their convenience and therapeutic potential. Natural products derived from microbes, plants, and animals offer a broad variety of molecules and chemical compounds. Natural products are not only one of the most important sources for innovative drug development for animal and human health, but they are also an inspiration for synthetic biology and chemistry scientists towards the discovery of new bioactive compounds and pharmaceuticals. This is particularly relevant in the current context, where antimicrobial resistance has risen as a global health problem. Thus, efforts are being directed toward studying natural compounds' chemical composition and bioactive potential to generate drugs with better efficacy and lower toxicity than existing molecules. Currently, a wide range of methodologies are used to analyze the in vitro activity of natural extracts to determine their suitability as antimicrobial agents. Despite traditional technologies being the most employed, technological advances have contributed to the implementation of methods able to circumvent issues related to analysis capacity, time, sensitivity, and reproducibility. This review produces an updated analysis of the conventional and current methods to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Gonzalez-Pastor
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Saskya E. Carrera-Pacheco
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Johana Zúñiga-Miranda
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Pólit
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Arianna Mayorga-Ramos
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Linda P. Guamán
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (L.P.G.); (C.B.-O.)
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito 170901, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (L.P.G.); (C.B.-O.)
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Shokry S, Hegazy A, Abbas AM, Mostafa I, Eissa IH, Metwaly AM, Yahya G, El-Shazly AM, Aboshanab KM, Mostafa A. Phytoestrogen β-Sitosterol Exhibits Potent In Vitro Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Viruses. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:228. [PMID: 36851106 PMCID: PMC9964242 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a contagious infection in humans that is caused frequently by low pathogenic seasonal influenza viruses and occasionally by pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIV) of H5, H7, and H9 subtypes. Recently, the clinical sector in poultry and humans has been confronted with many challenges, including the limited number of antiviral drugs and the rapid evolution of drug-resistant variants. Herein, the anti-influenza activities of various plant-derived phytochemicals were investigated against highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus (HPAIV H5N1) and seasonal low pathogenic human influenza A/H1N1 virus (LPHIV H1N1). Out of the 22 tested phytochemicals, the steroid compounds β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-O-glucoside have very potent activity against the predefined influenza A viruses (IAV). Both steroids could induce such activity by affecting multiple stages during IAV replication cycles, including viral adsorption and replication with a major and significant impact on the virus directly in a cell-free status "viricidal effect". On a molecular level, several molecular docking studies suggested that β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-O-glucoside exhibited viricidal effects through blocking active binding sites of the hemagglutinin surface protein, as well as showing inhibitory effects against replication through the binding with influenza neuraminidase activity and blocking the active sites of the M2 proton channel activity. The phytoestrogen β-sitosterol has structural similarity with the active form of the female sex hormone estradiol, and this similarity is likely one of the molecular determinants that enables the phytoestrogen β-sitosterol and its derivative to control IAV infection in vitro. This promising anti-influenza activity of β-sitosterol and its O-glycoside derivative, according to both in vitro and cheminformatics studies, recommend both phytochemicals for further studies going through preclinical and clinical phases as efficient anti-influenza drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shokry
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Akram Hegazy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza District, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmad M. Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), Sinai 46612, Egypt
| | - Islam Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Galal Yahya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Assem M. El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida 44813, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Ibrahim MAA, Abdelrahman AHM, Mohamed DEM, Abdeljawaad KAA, Naeem MA, Gabr GA, Shawky AM, Soliman MES, Sidhom PA, Paré PW, Hegazy MEF. Chetomin, a SARS-CoV-2 3C-like Protease (3CL pro) Inhibitor: In Silico Screening, Enzyme Docking, Molecular Dynamics and Pharmacokinetics Analysis. Viruses 2023; 15:250. [PMID: 36680290 PMCID: PMC9866112 DOI: 10.3390/v15010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to over 6 million deaths. The 3C-like protease (3CLpro) enzyme of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is an attractive druggable target for exploring therapeutic drug candidates to combat COVID-19 due to its key function in viral replication. Marine natural products (MNPs) have attracted considerable attention as alternative sources of antiviral drug candidates. In looking for potential 3CLpro inhibitors, the MNP database (>14,000 molecules) was virtually screened against 3CLpro with the assistance of molecular docking computations. The performance of AutoDock and OEDocking software in anticipating the ligand-3CLpro binding mode was first validated according to the available experimental data. Based on the docking scores, the most potent MNPs were further subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and the binding affinities of those molecules were computed using the MM-GBSA approach. According to MM-GBSA//200 ns MD simulations, chetomin (UMHMNP1403367) exhibited a higher binding affinity against 3CLpro than XF7, with ΔGbinding values of −55.5 and −43.7 kcal/mol, respectively. The steadiness and tightness of chetomin with 3CLpro were evaluated, revealing the high stabilization of chetomin (UMHMNP1403367) inside the binding pocket of 3CLpro throughout 200 ns MD simulations. The physicochemical and pharmacokinetic features of chetomin were also predicted, and the oral bioavailability of chetomin was demonstrated. Furthermore, the potentiality of chetomin analogues −namely, chetomin A-D− as 3CLpro inhibitors was investigated. These results warrant further in vivo and in vitro assays of chetomin (UMHMNP1403367) as a promising anti-COVID-19 drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Alaa H. M. Abdelrahman
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Dina E. M. Mohamed
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Khlood A. A. Abdeljawaad
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Naeem
- Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11588, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Gabr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud E. S. Soliman
- Molecular Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Peter A. Sidhom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Paul W. Paré
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F. Hegazy
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Eladwy RA, Vu HT, Shah R, Li CG, Chang D, Bhuyan DJ. The Fight against the Carcinogenic Epstein-Barr Virus: Gut Microbiota, Natural Medicines, and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1716. [PMID: 36675232 PMCID: PMC9862477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in oncology, cancer has remained an enormous global health burden, accounting for about 10 million deaths in 2020. A third of the cancer cases in developing counties are caused by microbial infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and hepatitis B and C viruses. EBV, a member of the human gamma herpesvirus family, is a double-stranded DNA virus and the primary cause of infectious mononucleosis. Most EBV infections cause no long-term complications. However, it was reported that EBV infection is responsible for around 200,000 malignancies worldwide every year. Currently, there are no vaccines or antiviral drugs for the prophylaxis or treatment of EBV infection. Recently, the gut microbiota has been investigated for its pivotal roles in pathogen protection and regulating metabolic, endocrine, and immune functions. Several studies have investigated the efficacy of antiviral agents, gut microbial metabolites, and natural products against EBV infection. In this review, we aim to summarise and analyse the reported molecular mechanistic and clinical studies on the activities of gut microbial metabolites and natural medicines against carcinogenic viruses, with a particular emphasis on EBV. Gut microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids were reported to activate the EBV lytic cycle, while bacteriocins, produced by Enterococcus durans strains, have shown antiviral properties. Furthermore, several natural products and dietary bioactive compounds, such as curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, resveratrol, moronic acid, and andrographolide, have shown antiviral activity against EBV. In this review, we proposed several exciting future directions for research on carcinogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A. Eladwy
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Hang Thi Vu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Ravi Shah
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Deep Jyoti Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
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A road to contemporary era of hepatitis B virus regimen replacing existing therapeutics exploiting plant secondary metabolites as emerging heroes in exploring drugs: An expedition for a functional cure. GENE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2023.101743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Khan M, Altamish M, Samal M, Srivastav V, Insaf A, Parveen R, Akhtar J, Krishnan A, Ahmad S. Antiviral Potential of Traditional Unani Medicine with Special Emphasis on Dengue: A Review. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1317-1334. [PMID: 38037908 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501257577231103044735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever has become a major public health concern. It is usually related to intravascular leaking, bleeding disorders, and thrombocytopenia and is recognized as a potent threat to humans. The scarcity of anti-dengue medication or vaccine for such a serious disease leads to an upsurge in the usage of traditional medicines for its proper management. India has diverse biodiversity and a long history of using plant-based remedies. Several medicinal plant extracts have been studied for producing anti-dengue viral activity. AYUSH traditional systems provide a plethora of plants that have been reported to be useful in the treatment of fever. Single and compound plant- based formulations in natural form have been used in Unani holistic approaches. This review serves as a new approach to illustrate the most recent evidence regarding the antiviral activity of various plants by providing scientific proof and also to validate the traditional formulations as effective treatments in dengue fever for global acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzayyana Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Altamish
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Monalisha Samal
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Varsha Srivastav
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Areeba Insaf
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Jamal Akhtar
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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37
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Pérez-Vargas J, Shapira T, Olmstead AD, Villanueva I, Thompson CAH, Ennis S, Gao G, De Guzman J, Williams DE, Wang M, Chin A, Bautista-Sánchez D, Agafitei O, Levett P, Xie X, Nuzzo G, Freire VF, Quintana-Bulla JI, Bernardi DI, Gubiani JR, Suthiphasilp V, Raksat A, Meesakul P, Polbuppha I, Cheenpracha S, Jaidee W, Kanokmedhakul K, Yenjai C, Chaiyosang B, Teles HL, Manzo E, Fontana A, Leduc R, Boudreault PL, Berlinck RGS, Laphookhieo S, Kanokmedhakul S, Tietjen I, Cherkasov A, Krajden M, Nabi IR, Niikura M, Shi PY, Andersen RJ, Jean F. Discovery of lead natural products for developing pan-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics. Antiviral Res 2023; 209:105484. [PMID: 36503013 PMCID: PMC9729583 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a global public health crisis. The reduced efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), such as omicron BA.5 subvariants, has underlined the need to explore a novel spectrum of antivirals that are effective against existing and evolving SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. To address the need for novel therapeutic options, we applied cell-based high-content screening to a library of natural products (NPs) obtained from plants, fungi, bacteria, and marine sponges, which represent a considerable diversity of chemical scaffolds. The antiviral effect of 373 NPs was evaluated using the mNeonGreen (mNG) reporter SARS-CoV-2 virus in a lung epithelial cell line (Calu-3). The screening identified 26 NPs with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) below 50 μM against mNG-SARS-CoV-2; 16 of these had EC50 values below 10 μM and three NPs (holyrine A, alotaketal C, and bafilomycin D) had EC50 values in the nanomolar range. We demonstrated the pan-SARS-CoV-2 activity of these three lead antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 highly transmissible Omicron subvariants (BA.5, BA.2 and BA.1) and highly pathogenic Delta VOCs in human Calu-3 lung cells. Notably, holyrine A, alotaketal C, and bafilomycin D, are potent nanomolar inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.5 and BA.2. The pan-SARS-CoV-2 activity of alotaketal C [protein kinase C (PKC) activator] and bafilomycin D (V-ATPase inhibitor) suggest that these two NPs are acting as host-directed antivirals (HDAs). Future research should explore whether PKC regulation impacts human susceptibility to and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it should confirm the important role of human V-ATPase in the VOC lifecycle. Interestingly, we observed a synergistic action of bafilomycin D and N-0385 (a highly potent inhibitor of human TMPRSS2 protease) against Omicron subvariant BA.2 in human Calu-3 lung cells, which suggests that these two highly potent HDAs are targeting two different mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry. Overall, our study provides insight into the potential of NPs with highly diverse chemical structures as valuable inspirational starting points for developing pan-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics and for unravelling potential host factors and pathways regulating SARS-CoV-2 VOC infection including emerging omicron BA.5 subvariants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Pérez-Vargas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Tirosh Shapira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Andrea D Olmstead
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ivan Villanueva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Connor A H Thompson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Siobhan Ennis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Guang Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Joshua De Guzman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - David E Williams
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Meng Wang
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Aaleigha Chin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Diana Bautista-Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Olga Agafitei
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Paul Levett
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | - Xuping Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Vitor F Freire
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP780, CEP13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Jairo I Quintana-Bulla
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP780, CEP13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Darlon I Bernardi
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP780, CEP13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana R Gubiani
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP780, CEP13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Virayu Suthiphasilp
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS), School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Achara Raksat
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS), School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Pornphimol Meesakul
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS), School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Isaraporn Polbuppha
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS), School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | | | - Wuttichai Jaidee
- Medicinal Plants Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Chavi Yenjai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Boonyanoot Chaiyosang
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Helder Lopes Teles
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, CEP 78736-900, Rondonópolis, MT, Brazil
| | - Emiliano Manzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Biology, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Boudreault
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP780, CEP13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS), School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Ian Tietjen
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Artem Cherkasov
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Mel Krajden
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4R4, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ivan Robert Nabi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Masahiro Niikura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Raymond J Andersen
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - François Jean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Shin WJ, Choi S, Seong BL. What are the considerations when selecting a model for influenza drug discovery? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:1-3. [PMID: 36529907 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2157812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Shin
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Seongil Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 03721, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Baik-Lin Seong
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 03721, Seoul, South Korea.,Vaccine Innovation Technology ALliance (Vital)-Korea, Yonsei University, 03721, Seoul South Korea
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Tackling the Future Pandemics: Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents (BSAAs) Based on A-Type Proanthocyanidins. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238353. [PMID: 36500445 PMCID: PMC9736452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A-type proanthocyanidins (PAC-As) are plant-derived natural polyphenols that occur as oligomers or polymers of flavan-3-ol monomers, such as (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, connected through an unusual double A linkage. PAC-As are present in leaves, seeds, flowers, bark, and fruits of many plants, and are thought to exert protective natural roles against microbial pathogens, insects, and herbivores. Consequently, when tested in isolation, PAC-As have shown several biological effects, through antioxidant, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and antiviral activities. PAC-As have been observed in fact to inhibit replication of many different human viruses, and both enveloped and non-enveloped DNA and RNA viruses proved sensible to their inhibitory effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that PAC-As cause reduction of infectivity of viral particles they come in contact with, as a result of their propensity to interact with virion surface capsid proteins or envelope glycoproteins essential for viral attachment and entry. As viral infections and new virus outbreaks are a major public health concern, development of effective Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents (BSAAs) that can be rapidly deployable even against future emerging viruses is an urgent priority. This review summarizes the antiviral activities and mechanism of action of PAC-As, and their potential to be deployed as BSAAs against present and future viral infections.
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EL-Aguel A, Pennisi R, Smeriglio A, Kallel I, Tamburello MP, D’Arrigo M, Barreca D, Gargouri A, Trombetta D, Mandalari G, Sciortino MT. Punica granatum Peel and Leaf Extracts as Promising Strategies for HSV-1 Treatment. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122639. [PMID: 36560643 PMCID: PMC9782130 DOI: 10.3390/v14122639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Punica granatum is a rich source of bioactive compounds which exhibit various biological effects. In this study, pomegranate peel and leaf ethanolic crude extracts (PPE and PLE, respectively) were phytochemically characterized and screened for antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiviral activity. LC-PDA-ESI-MS analysis led to the identification of different compounds, including ellagitannins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The low IC50 values, obtained by DPPH and FRAP assays, showed a noticeable antioxidant effect of PPE and PLE comparable to the reference standards. Both crude extracts and their main compounds (gallic acid, ellagic acid and punicalagin) were not toxic on Vero cells and exhibited a remarkable inhibitory effect on herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) viral plaques formation. Specifically, PPE inhibited HSV-1 adsorption to the cell surface more than PLE. Indeed, the viral DNA accumulation, the transcription of viral genes and the expression of viral proteins were significantly affected by PPE treatment. Amongst the compounds, punicalagin, which is abundant in PPE crude extract, inhibited HSV-1 replication, reducing viral DNA and transcripts accumulation, as well as proteins of all three phases of the viral replication cascade. In contrast, no antibacterial activity was detected. In conclusion, our findings indicate that Punica granatum peel and leaf extracts, especially punicalagin, could be a promising therapeutic candidate against HSV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma EL-Aguel
- Research Laboratory Toxicology-Environmental Microbiology and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Rosamaria Pennisi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Imen Kallel
- Research Laboratory Toxicology-Environmental Microbiology and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Maria Pia Tamburello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Manuela D’Arrigo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ahmed Gargouri
- Research Laboratory Toxicology-Environmental Microbiology and Health (LR17ES06), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Maria Teresa Sciortino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Zhou Y, Qiu TX, Hu Y, Liu L, Chen J. Antiviral effects of natural small molecules on aquatic rhabdovirus by interfering with early viral replication. Zool Res 2022; 43:966-976. [PMID: 36257828 PMCID: PMC9700502 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) is globally widespread and poses a serious threat to aquatic ecology and aquaculture due to its broad host range. To develop effective agents to control SVCV infection, we selected 16 naturally active small molecules to assess their anti-SVCV activity. Notably, dihydroartemisinin (DHA) (100 µmol/L) and (S, S)-(+)-tetrandrine (TET) (16 µmol/L) exhibited high antiviral effects in epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells, with inhibitory rates of 70.11% and 73.54%, respectively. The possible antiviral mechanisms were determined as follows: 1. Pre-incubation with DHA and TET decreased viral particle infectivity in fish cells, suggesting that horizontal transmission of SVCV in the aquatic environment was disrupted; 2. Although neither had an effect on viral adhesion, TET (but not DHA) interfered with SVCV entry into host cells (>80%), suggesting that TET may have an antiviral function in early viral replication. For in vivo study, both agents enhanced the survival rate of SVCV-infected zebrafish by 53.3%, significantly decreased viral load, and modulated the expression of antiviral-related genes, indicating that DHA and TET may stimulate the host innate immune response to prevent viral infection. Overall, our findings indicated that DHA and TET had positive effects on suppressing SVCV infection by affecting early-stage viral replication, thus holding great potential as immunostimulants to reduce the risk of aquatic rhabdovirus disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Tian-Xiu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China. E-mail:
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China. E-mail:
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Peng S, Wang H, Wang Z, Wang Q. Progression of Antiviral Agents Targeting Viral Polymerases. Molecules 2022; 27:7370. [PMID: 36364196 PMCID: PMC9654062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral DNA and RNA polymerases are two kinds of very important enzymes that synthesize the genetic materials of the virus itself, and they have become extremely favorable targets for the development of antiviral drugs because of their relatively conserved characteristics. There are many similarities in the structure and function of different viral polymerases, so inhibitors designed for a certain viral polymerase have acted as effective universal inhibitors on other types of viruses. The present review describes the development of classical antiviral drugs targeting polymerases, summarizes a variety of viral polymerase inhibitors from the perspective of chemically synthesized drugs and natural product drugs, describes novel approaches, and proposes promising development strategies for antiviral drugs.
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Antiviral Activity of Ficus rubiginosa Leaf Extracts against HSV-1, HCoV-229E and PV-1. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102257. [PMID: 36298811 PMCID: PMC9607631 DOI: 10.3390/v14102257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficus rubiginosa plant extract showed antimicrobial activity, but no evidence concerning its antiviral properties was reported. The antiviral activity of the methanolic extract (MeOH) and its n-hexane (H) and ethyl acetate (EA) fractions against Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), Human coronavirus (HCoV) -229E, and Poliovirus-1 (PV-1) was investigated in the different phases of viral infection in the VERO CCL-81 cell line. To confirm the antiviral efficacy, a qPCR was conducted. The recorded cytotoxic concentration 50% was 513.1, 298.6, and 56.45 µg/mL for MeOH, H, and EA, respectively, assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay after 72 h of treatment. The Ficus rubiginosa leaf extract inhibited the replication of HSV-1 in the early stages of infection, showing a complete inhibition up to 0.62, 0.31, and 1.25 µg/mL. Against HCoV-229E, a total inhibition up to 1.25 µg/mL for MeOH and H as well as 5 µg/mL for EA was observed. Otherwise, no activity was recorded against PV-1. The leaf extract could act directly on the viral envelope, destructuring the lipid membrane and/or directly blocking the enriched proteins on the viral surface. The verified gene inhibition suggested that the treatments with M, H, and EA impaired HSV-1 and HCoV-229E replication, with a greater antiviral efficiency against HSV-1 compared to HCoV-229E, possibly due to a greater affinity of Ficus rubiginosa towards membrane glycoproteins and/or the different lipid envelopes.
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Pomilio AB, Szewczuk NA, Duchowicz PR. Dietary anthocyanins balance immune signs in osteoarthritis and obesity - update of human in vitro studies and clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2634-2672. [PMID: 36148839 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2124948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are known to change ligand-receptor bindings, cell membrane permeability, and intracellular signaling pathways. The beneficial effects of dietary anthocyanins have been chronologically demonstrated in interventional and observational studies, including fourteen human chondrocyte studies and related cell culture assays, nineteen human clinical trials in osteoarthritis patients, seven in vivo obesity assays, nineteen in vitro assays in preadipocytes and related cells, and twenty-two clinical trials in overweight/obese subjects, which are critically discussed in this update. Strawberries, cherries, berries, pomegranate, tropical fruits, rosehip, purple rice, purple corn, red beans, and black soybean, together with cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, peonidin, some 3-O-glycosides, metabolites, and acylated anthocyanins from a potato cultivar have shown the best outcomes. The set of these five key tests and clinical trials, taken together, contributes to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved. Furthermore, this set shows the value of anthocyanins in counteracting the progression of osteoarthritis/obesity. The interplay between the inflammation of osteoarthritis and obesity, and the subsequent regulation/immunomodulation was performed through isolated and food anthocyanins. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of anthocyanins explain the findings of the studies analyzed. However, further interventional studies should be conducted to finally establish the appropriate doses for anthocyanin supplementation, dose-response, and length of consumption, to include dietary recommendations for osteoarthritis/obese patients for preventive and management purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia B Pomilio
- Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica Estructural, CONICET, Área Hematología, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas A Szewczuk
- Laboratorio de QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo R Duchowicz
- Laboratorio de QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Plata, Argentina
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Molecular Docking and In-Silico Analysis of Natural Biomolecules against Dengue, Ebola, Zika, SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Monkeypox Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911131. [PMID: 36232431 PMCID: PMC9569982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and rapid evolution of human pathogenic viruses, combined with the difficulties in developing effective vaccines, underline the need to develop innovative broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutic agents. The present study aims to determine the in silico antiviral potential of six bacterial antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), two phytochemicals (silvestrol, andrographolide), and two bacterial secondary metabolites (lyngbyabellin A, hapalindole H) against dengue virus, Zika virus, Ebola virus, the major variants of SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus. The comparison of docking scores obtained with natural biomolecules was performed with specific neutralizing antibodies (positive controls for ClusPro) and antiviral drugs (negative controls for Autodock Vina). Glycocin F was the only natural biomolecule tested to show high binding energies to all viral surface proteins and the corresponding viral cell receptors. Lactococcin G and plantaricin ASM1 also achieved high docking scores with all viral surface proteins and most corresponding cell surface receptors. Silvestrol, andrographolide, hapalindole H, and lyngbyabellin A showed variable docking scores depending on the viral surface proteins and cell receptors tested. Three glycocin F mutants with amino acid modifications showed an increase in their docking energy to the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Indian variant, and of the SARS-CoV-2 P.1 Japan/Brazil variant, and the dengue DENV envelope protein. All mutant AMPs indicated a frequent occurrence of valine and proline amino acid rotamers. AMPs and glycocin F in particular are the most promising biomolecules for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral treatments targeting the attachment and entry of viruses into their target cell.
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Madrigal-Santillán E, Portillo-Reyes J, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Izquierdo-Vega J, Delgado-Olivares L, Vargas-Mendoza N, Álvarez-González I, Morales-González Á, Morales-González JA. Opuntia spp. in Human Health: A Comprehensive Summary on Its Pharmacological, Therapeutic and Preventive Properties. Part 2. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182333. [PMID: 36145735 PMCID: PMC9505094 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plants of the genus Opuntia spp are widely distributed in Africa, Asia, Australia and America. Specifically, Mexico has the largest number of wild species; mainly O. streptacantha, O. hyptiacantha, O. albicarpa, O. megacantha and O. ficus-indica. The latter being the most cultivated and domesticated species. Its main bioactive compounds include pigments (carotenoids, betalains and betacyanins), vitamins, flavonoids (isorhamnetin, kaempferol, quercetin) and phenolic compounds. Together, they favor the different plant parts and are considered phytochemically important and associated with control, progression and prevention of some chronic and infectious diseases. Part 1 collected information on its preventive actions against atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity, hepatoprotection, effects on human infertility and chemopreventive capacity. Now, this second review (Part 2), compiles the data from published research (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) on its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, antimicrobial, antiviral potential and in the treatment of skin wounds. The aim of both reviews is to provide scientific evidences of its beneficial properties and to encourage health professionals and researchers to expand studies on the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Opuntia spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
- Correspondence: (E.M.-S.); (J.A.M.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-5729-6300 (ext. 62753) (E.M.-S.)
| | - Jacqueline Portillo-Reyes
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Jeannett A. Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Julieta Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Luis Delgado-Olivares
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Nancy Vargas-Mendoza
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - José A. Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
- Correspondence: (E.M.-S.); (J.A.M.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-5729-6300 (ext. 62753) (E.M.-S.)
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Abo-El-Yazid ZH, Ahmed OK, El-Tholoth M, Ali MAS. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Cyperus rotundus L. extract as a potential antiviral agent against infectious laryngotracheitis and infectious bronchitis viruses in chickens. CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURE 2022; 9:55. [PMID: 37520583 PMCID: PMC9372957 DOI: 10.1186/s40538-022-00325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are two common respiratory diseases of poultry that inflict great economic burden on the poultry industry. Developing an effective agent against both viruses is a crucial step to decrease the economic losses. Therefore, for the first time green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Cyperus rotundus L. aqueous extract was evaluated in vitro as a potential antiviral against both viruses. Results Silver nanoparticles from Cyperus rotundus were characterized by the spherical shape, 11-19 nm size, and zeta potential of - 6.04 mV. The maximum nontoxic concentration (MNTC) was 50 µg mL-1 for both viruses without harmful toxicity impact. The study suggested that some of the compounds in C. rotundus extract (gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and naringenin) or its silver nanoparticles could interact with the external envelope proteins of both viruses, and inhibiting extracellular viruses. Conclusions The results highlight that C. rotundus green synthesized silver nanoparticles could have antiviral activity against infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chickens. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Osama Konsowa Ahmed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Tholoth
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
- Health Sciences Division, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain Men’s Campus, 17155 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Duraisamy GS, Jo E, Huvarova I, Park KHP, Heger Z, Adam V, Růžek D, Windisch MP, Miller AD. Selected ginsenosides interfere efficiently with hepatitis B virus mRNA expression levels and suppress viral surface antigen secretion. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10465. [PMID: 36110238 PMCID: PMC9468399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenosides are a class of natural steroid glycosides and triterpene saponins found in Panax ginseng. After screening of a commercial ginsenoside compound library for low cellular cytotoxicity and the ability to mediate efficient reductions in hepatitis B virus (HBV) mRNA expression levels in HepG2.2.15 cells, three ginsenosides (Rg6, Rh4, and Rb3) are selected. Thereafter, using the same cellular model, all three ginsenosides are shown to mediate efficient, selective inhibition of HBV mRNA expression levels, and also interfere with the secretion of both HBV particles and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Drug combination studies are performed in both HepG2.2.15 and HBV-infected HepG2-NTCPsec+ cell models with the selected ginsenosides and lamivudine (LMV), a nucleoside analogue used to treat chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infections. These studies, involving RT-qPCR and ELISA, suggest that Rh4/LMV combinations in particular act synergistically to inhibit the secretion of HBV particles and HBsAg. Therefore, on the assumption that appropriate in vivo data are in future agreement, Rh4, in particular, might be used in combination with nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NUCs) to devise an effective, cost-efficient combination therapy for the treatment of patients with CHB infections.
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Darshani P, Sen Sarma S, Srivastava AK, Baishya R, Kumar D. Anti-viral triterpenes: a review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 21:1761-1842. [PMID: 35283698 PMCID: PMC8896976 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-022-09808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenes are naturally occurring derivatives biosynthesized following the isoprene rule of Ruzicka. The triterpenes have been reported to possess a wide range of therapeutic applications including anti-viral properties. In this review, the recent studies (2010-2020) concerning the anti-viral activities of triterpenes have been summarized. The structure activity relationship studies have been described as well as brief biosynthesis of these triterpenes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Darshani
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
| | - Shreya Sen Sarma
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit K. Srivastava
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
| | - Rinku Baishya
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), NH-37, Pulibor, Jorhat, Assam India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
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In Silico and In Vitro Identification of Pan-Coronaviral Main Protease Inhibitors from a Large Natural Product Library. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030308. [PMID: 35337106 PMCID: PMC8952009 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The main protease (Mpro or 3CLpro) in coronaviruses represents a promising specific drug target as it is essential for the cleavage of the virus polypeptide and has a unique cleavage site that does not exist in human host proteases. In this study, we explored potential natural pan-coronavirus drugs using in vitro and in silico approaches and three coronavirus main proteases as treatment targets. The PyRx program was used to screen 39,442 natural-product-like compounds from the ZINC database and 121 preselected phytochemicals from medicinal plants with known antiviral activity. After assessment with Lipinski’s rule of five, molecular docking was performed for the top 33 compounds of both libraries. Enzymatic assays were applied for the top candidates from both in silico approaches to test their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The four compounds (hypericin, rosmarinic acid, isorhamnetin, and luteolin) that most efficiently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 Mpro in vitro were further tested for their efficacy in inhibiting Mpro of SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. Microscale thermophoresis was performed to determine dissociation constant (Kd) values to validate the binding of these active compounds to recombinant Mpro proteins of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and MERS-CoV. The cytotoxicity of hypericin, rosmarinic acid, isorhamnetin, and luteolin was assessed in human diploid MRC-5 lung fibroblasts using the resazurin cell viability assay to determine their therapeutic indices. Sequence alignment of Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 demonstrated 96.08%, 50.83%, 49.17%, 48.51%, 44.04%, and 41.06% similarity to Mpro of other human-pathogenic coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, and HCoV-229E, respectively). Molecular docking showed that 12 out of 121 compounds were bound to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro at the same binding site as the control inhibitor, GC376. Enzyme inhibition assays revealed that hypericin, rosmarinic acid, isorhamnetin, and luteolin inhibited Mpro of SARS-CoV-2, while hypericin and isorhamnetin inhibited Mpro of SARS-CoV-1; hypericin showed inhibitory effects toward Mpro of MERS-CoV. Microscale thermophoresis confirmed the binding of these compounds to Mpro with high affinity. Resazurin assays showed that rosmarinic acid and luteolin were not cytotoxic toward MRC-5 cells, whereas hypericin and isorhamnetin were slightly cytotoxic. We demonstrated that hypericin represents a potential novel pan-anti-coronaviral agent by binding to and inhibiting Mpro of several human-pathogenic coronaviruses. Moreover, isorhamnetin showed inhibitory effects toward SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 Mpro, indicating that this compound may have some pan-coronaviral potential. Luteolin had inhibitory effects against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.
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