|
1
|
Zhang G, He S, Lin L, Gan P. Infection with COVID-19 Complicated by Sinus Arrest. Case Rep Infect Dis 2024; 2024:5361758. [PMID: 38784432 PMCID: PMC11115995 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5361758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As a respiratory tract-transmitted disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exerts a profound immune injury effect, leading not only to pulmonary impairment but also to cardiac complications. We present a case of a 79-year-old woman, who had previously contracted COVID-19 and subsequently developed sinus arrest (SA) following her second infection. The longest asystole time detected by Holter monitoring was 7.2 seconds. Although the patient met criteria for permanent pacemaker implantation, her family declined this intervention and conservative management was pursued instead. However, after a period of observation, the patient's SA resolved. The present case study describes a patient who experienced SA upon reinfection with COVID-19, which was not present during the initial infection. It emphasizes the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac health, particularly its potential to induce arrhythmias. In addition, it is worth noting that the arrhythmia induced by a COVID-19 infection may show reversibility, suggesting that a permanent pacemaker might not be the priority option if further pacing therapy is being considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai District, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Intensive Care Rehabilitation, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Luqiao District, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengcheng Gan
- Department of Intensive Care Rehabilitation, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Luqiao District, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Maniscalco L, Genovese D, Ravazzolo B, Vella G, Sparacia B, Vitale F, Matranga D, Amodio E. Low Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection for Fully or Boosted mRNA Vaccinated Subjects in Sicily: A Population-Based Study Using Real-World Data. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1757. [PMID: 38140163 PMCID: PMC10748171 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Reinfections occur as a response to natural infections wanes and novel strains of SARS-CoV-2 emerge. The present research explored the correlation between sex, age, COVID-19 vaccination, prior infection hospitalization, and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Sicily, Italy. Materials and Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was articulated using the vaccination flux from a regional registry and the Sicilian COVID-19 monitoring system of the Italian Institute of Health. Only adult Sicilians were included in the study, and hazard ratios were calculated using Cox regression. Results: Partial vaccination provided some protection (adj-HR: 0.92), when compared to unvaccinated individuals; furthermore, reinfection risk was reduced by full vaccination (adj-HR: 0.43), and the booster dose (adj-HR: 0.41). Males had a lower risk than females of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 (adj-HR: 0.75). Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 was diminished by hospitalization during the first infection (adj-HR: 0.78). Reinfection risk was higher among those aged 30-39 and 40-49 compared to those aged 18-29, whereas those aged 60-69, 70-79, and 80+ were statistically protected. Reinfection was significantly more frequent during the wild-type-Alpha, Delta, Delta-Omicron, and Omicron dominance/codominance waves compared to the wild type. Conclusions: This study establishes a solid base for comprehending the reinfection phenomenon in Sicily by pinpointing the most urgent policy hurdles and identifying some of the major factors. COVID-19 vaccination, one of the most effective public health tools, protects against reinfection, mostly caused by the Omicron strain. Elderly and hospitalized people's lower risk suggests stricter PPE use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maniscalco
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (G.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (D.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Dario Genovese
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (G.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (D.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Barbara Ravazzolo
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “Paolo Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Vella
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (G.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (D.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Benedetta Sparacia
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (G.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (D.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Francesco Vitale
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (G.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (D.M.); (E.A.)
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “Paolo Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Domenica Matranga
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (G.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (D.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Emanuele Amodio
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (G.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (D.M.); (E.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Immordino P, Pisciotta V, Amodio E, Bonura C, Bonura F, Cacioppo F, Calamusa G, Capra G, Casuccio A, De Grazia S, Genovese D, Graci D, Lacca G, Sanfilippo GL, Verso MG, Giammanco GM, Ferraro D. An Analysis of the Neutralizing Antibodies against the Main SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Healthcare Workers (HCWs) Vaccinated against or Infected by SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1702. [PMID: 38006034 PMCID: PMC10674949 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the anti-COVID-19 vaccination has proved to be an effective preventive tool, "breakthrough infections" have been documented in patients with complete primary vaccination courses. Most of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies produced after SARS-CoV-2 infection target the spike protein receptor-binding domain which has an important role in facilitating viral entry and the infection of the host cells. SARS-CoV-2 has demonstrated the ability to evolve by accumulating mutations in the spike protein to escape the humoral response of a host. The aim of this study was to compare the titers of neutralizing antibodies (NtAbs) against the variants of SARS-CoV-2 by analyzing the sera of recovered and vaccinated healthcare workers (HCWs). A total of 293 HCWs were enrolled and divided into three cohorts as follows: 91 who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection (nVP); 102 that were vaccinated and became positive after the primary cycle (VP); and 100 that were vaccinated with complete primary cycles and concluded the follow-up period without becoming positive (VN). Higher neutralization titers were observed in the vaccinated subjects' arms compared to the nVP subjects' arms. Differences in neutralization titers between arms for single variants were statistically highly significant (p < 0.001), except for the differences between titers against the Alpha variant in the nVP and in VP groups, which were also statistically significant (p < 0.05). Within the nVP group, the number of subjects with an absence of neutralizing antibodies was high. The presence of higher titers in patients with a complete primary cycle compared to patients who had recovered from infection suggested the better efficacy of artificial immunization compared to natural immunization, and this further encourages the promotion of vaccination even in subjects with previous infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palmira Immordino
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Promozione della Salute e Materno Infantile “G. D’Alessandro”, PROMISE, Università di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.P.); (E.A.); (C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.); (G.C.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (S.D.G.); (D.G.); (D.G.); (G.L.); (G.L.S.); (M.G.V.); (G.M.G.); (D.F.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Marza AM, Cindrea AC, Petrica A, Stanciugelu AV, Barsac C, Mocanu A, Critu R, Botea MO, Trebuian CI, Lungeanu D. Non-Ventilated Patients with Spontaneous Pneumothorax or Pneumomediastinum Associated with COVID-19: Three-Year Debriefing across Five Pandemic Waves. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1497. [PMID: 37888108 PMCID: PMC10608223 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum (SP-SPM) are relatively rare medical conditions that can occur with or independently of COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective analysis of SP-SPM cases presented to the emergency departments (EDs) of two University-affiliated tertiary hospitals from 1 March 2020 to 31 October 2022. A total of 190 patients were identified: 52 were COVID-19 cases, and 138 were non-COVID-19 cases. The primary outcome we were looking for was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes concerned the disease severity assessed by (a) days of hospitalization; (b) required mechanical ventilation (MV); and (c) required intensive care (IC). All were investigated in the context of the five pandemic waves and the patients' age and comorbidities. The pandemic waves had no significant effect on the outcomes of these patients. Logistic regression found age (OR = 1.043; 95%CI 1.002-1.085), COVID-19 (OR = 6.032; 95%CI 1.757-20.712), number of comorbidities (OR = 1.772; 95%CI 1.046-3.001), and ground-glass opacities over 50% (OR = 5.694; 95%CI 1.169-27.746) as significant risk predictors of in-hospital death while controlling for gender, smoking, the pandemic wave, and the extension of SP-SPM. The model proved good prediction performance (Nagelkerke R-square = 0.524) and would hold the same significant predictors for MV and IC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adina Maria Marza
- Department of Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.M.M.); (A.P.); (C.I.T.)
- Emergency Department, Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital, 300079 Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Alina Petrica
- Department of Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.M.M.); (A.P.); (C.I.T.)
- Emergency Department, “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Valentina Stanciugelu
- Emergency Department, Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital, 300079 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Claudiu Barsac
- Department of Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.M.M.); (A.P.); (C.I.T.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mocanu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Roxana Critu
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Octavian Botea
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Cosmin Iosif Trebuian
- Department of Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.M.M.); (A.P.); (C.I.T.)
| | - Diana Lungeanu
- Center for Modeling Biological Systems and Data Analysis, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Functional Sciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Almuqbil M, Almoteer AI, Suwayyid AM, Bakarman AH, Alrashed RF, Alrobish M, Alasalb F, Alhusaynan AA, Alnefaie MH, Altayar AS, Alobid SE, Almadani ME, Alshehri A, Alghamdi A, Asdaq SMB. Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit in Multispecialty Hospital of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2500. [PMID: 37761697 PMCID: PMC10530388 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, infection rates were high and symptoms were severe. Medical resources, including healthcare experts and hospital facilities, were put to the test to ensure their readiness to deal with this unique event. An intensive care unit (ICU) is expected to be required by many hospitalized patients. Many hospitals worldwide lacked resources during the pandemic's peak stages, particularly in critical care treatment. Because of this, there were issues with capacity, as well as an excessive influx of patients. Additionally, even though the research location provides medical care to a sizable population, there is a paucity of scientific data detailing the situation as it pertains to COVID-19 patients during the height of the outbreak. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and describe the features of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU of one of the multispecialty hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An observational retrospective study was conducted using a chart review of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU between March 2020 and December 2020. To characterize the patients, descriptive statistics were utilized. An exploratory multivariate regression analysis was carried out on the study cohort to investigate the factors that were shown to be predictors of death and intubation. Only 333 (29.33%) of the 1135 samples from the hospital's medical records were used for the final analysis and interpretation. More than 76% of the patients in the study were male, with a mean BMI of 22.07 and an average age of around 49 years. The most frequent chronic condition found among the patients who participated in the study was diabetes (39.34%), followed by hypertension (31.53%). At the time of admission, 63 of the total 333 patients needed to have intubation performed. In total, 22 of the 333 patients died while undergoing therapy. People with both diabetes and hypertension had a 7.85-fold higher risk of death, whereas those with only diabetes or hypertension had a 5.43-fold and 4.21-fold higher risk of death, respectively. At admission, intubation was necessary for many male patients (49 out of 63). Most intubated patients had hypertension, diabetes, or both conditions. Only 13 of the 63 patients who had been intubated died, with the vast majority being extubated. Diabetes and hypertension were significant contributors to the severity of illness experienced by COVID-19 participants. The presence of multiple comorbidities had the highest risk for intubation and mortality among ICU-admitted patients. Although more intubated patients died, the fatality rate was lower than in other countries due to enhanced healthcare management at the ICU of the study center. However, large-scale trials are needed to determine how effective various strategies were in preventing ICU admission, intubation, and death rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Almuqbil
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Ibrahim Almoteer
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Alwaleed Mohammed Suwayyid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdulaziz Hussain Bakarman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Raed Fawaz Alrashed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Majed Alrobish
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Fahad Alasalb
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdulaziz Abdulrahman Alhusaynan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Hadi Alnefaie
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdullah Saud Altayar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Saad Ebrahim Alobid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Moneer E. Almadani
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adel Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, Al Baha 65779, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Effectiveness of mRNA Vaccine Booster against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 in the Adult Population during the First Three Months of the Omicron Wave in Sicily. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030305. [PMID: 36766880 PMCID: PMC9914041 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Italy, the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose started on 27 September 2021, supported by clinical trials corroborating its efficacy. Given the paucity of real-world effectiveness data, this study aims to estimate the vaccine effectiveness of the booster dose against SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe disease, and death in the adult Sicilian population. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was carried out from 1 January to 31 March 2022 and included all residents in Sicily aged ≥ 18 years without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and with a complete mRNA vaccine primary cycle. The cohort was split into two groups (booster and primary cycle) matched by age, gender, vaccine type, and month of completion of the primary vaccination cycle. RESULTS 913,382 subjects were observed in the study: 456,690 (50%) were vaccinated with two doses and 456,692 (50%) with three doses. There were 43,299 cases of SARS-CoV-2 among the two-doses vaccinees (9.5%) and 10,262 (2.2%) among the three-doses counterpart. Vaccine effectiveness in the booster cohort was 76.5% and 74.4% against SARS-CoV-2 infection, 85.7% and 79.7% against severe disease, and 84.1% and 73.1% against intubation or death, for BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the remarkable efficacy profile of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster dose against infection, severe disease, and death attributable to the virus. Overall, the results of this study provide important real-world data to support the continued roll-out of the COVID-19 booster dose and have the potential to inform public health policy and guide decisions on vaccination strategies in countries around the world.
Collapse
|