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Jobe TO, Zenzen I, Rahimzadeh Karvansara P, Kopriva S. Integration of sulfate assimilation with carbon and nitrogen metabolism in transition from C3 to C4 photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4211-4221. [PMID: 31124557 PMCID: PMC6698703 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The first product of sulfate assimilation in plants, cysteine, is a proteinogenic amino acid and a source of reduced sulfur for plant metabolism. Cysteine synthesis is the convergence point of the three major pathways of primary metabolism: carbon, nitrate, and sulfate assimilation. Despite the importance of metabolic and genetic coordination of these three pathways for nutrient balance in plants, the molecular mechanisms underlying this coordination, and the sensors and signals, are far from being understood. This is even more apparent in C4 plants, where coordination of these pathways for cysteine synthesis includes the additional challenge of differential spatial localization. Here we review the coordination of sulfate, nitrate, and carbon assimilation, and show how they are altered in C4 plants. We then summarize current knowledge of the mechanisms of coordination of these pathways. Finally, we identify urgent questions to be addressed in order to understand the integration of sulfate assimilation with carbon and nitrogen metabolism particularly in C4 plants. We consider answering these questions to be a prerequisite for successful engineering of C4 photosynthesis into C3 crops to increase their efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy O Jobe
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ivan Zenzen
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Parisa Rahimzadeh Karvansara
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Transcriptional reprogramming of genes related to ascorbate and glutathione biosynthesis, turnover and translocation in aphid-challenged maize seedlings. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rasheed S, Bashir K, Nakaminami K, Hanada K, Matsui A, Seki M. Drought stress differentially regulates the expression of small open reading frames (sORFs) in Arabidopsis roots and shoots. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2016; 11:e1215792. [PMID: 27471796 PMCID: PMC5022413 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1215792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the molecular mechanisms governing the response of plant roots and shoots to drought stress could aid the development of strategies aiming to ameliorate drought stress. Small open reading frames (sORFs), putatively encoding small peptides, may play a significant role in the response to different abiotic stresses. Microarray analyses revealed that after 5, 7 and 9 d of a drought treatment, 2, 77, and 104 sORFs were up-regulated in roots, respectively; while the number of upregulated sORFs in shoots was 12, 45, and 158, respectively. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the up-regulated expression of ATRIKEN29196 and ATRIKEN32280 specifically in roots. The identified upregulated sORFs, particularly those in roots, may contribute to drought stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Rasheed
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Khurram Bashir
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nakaminami
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kousuke Hanada
- Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan
- CREST, JST, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsui
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- CREST, JST, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
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Bashir K, Ishimaru Y, Itai RN, Senoura T, Takahashi M, An G, Oikawa T, Ueda M, Sato A, Uozumi N, Nakanishi H, Nishizawa NK. Iron deficiency regulated OsOPT7 is essential for iron homeostasis in rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 88:165-76. [PMID: 25893776 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of iron (Fe) uptake and transport in plants are well-characterized; however, many components of Fe homeostasis remain unclear. We cloned iron-deficiency-regulated oligopeptide transporter 7 (OsOPT7) from rice. OsOPT7 localized to the plasma membrane and did not transport Fe(III)-DMA or Fe(II)-NA and GSH in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Furthermore OsOPT7 did not complement the growth of yeast fet3fet4 mutant. OsOPT7 was specifically upregulated in response to Fe-deficiency. Promoter GUS analysis revealed that OsOPT7 expresses in root tips, root vascular tissue and shoots as well as during seed development. Microarray analysis of OsOPT7 knockout 1 (opt7-1) revealed the upregulation of Fe-deficiency-responsive genes in plants grown under Fe-sufficient conditions, despite the high Fe and ferritin concentrations in shoot tissue indicating that Fe may not be available for physiological functions. Plants overexpressing OsOPT7 do not exhibit any phenotype and do not accumulate more Fe compared to wild type plants. These results indicate that OsOPT7 may be involved in Fe transport in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Bashir
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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Pang S, Ran Z, Liu Z, Song X, Duan L, Li X, Wang C. Enantioselective induction of a glutathione-S-transferase, a glutathione transporter and an ABC transporter in maize by Metolachlor and its (S)-isomer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48085. [PMID: 23144728 PMCID: PMC3483294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of chiral herbicides in plants remains poorly understood. Glutathione conjugation reactions are one of the principal mechanisms that plants utilize to detoxify xenobiotics. The induction by rac- and S-metolachlor of the expression of three genes, ZmGST27, ZmGT1 and ZmMRP1, encoding respectively a glutathione-S-transferase, a glutathione transporter and an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter was studied in maize. The results demonstrate that the inducing effect of rac- and S-metolachlor on the expression of ZmGST27 and ZmGT1 is comparable. However, the inducing effect of rac-metolachlor on ZmMRP1 expression is more pronounced than that of S-metolachlor. Furthermore, vanadate, an ABC transporter inhibitor, could greatly reduce the difference in herbicidal activity between rac- and S-metolachlor. These results suggest that the ABC transporters may preferentially transport conjugates of rac-metolachlor, leading to a faster metabolism of the latter. Through comparing the expression of ZmGST27, ZmMRP1 and ZmGT1 after treatment by rac- and S-metolachlor, we provide novel insights into the metabolic processes of chiral herbicides in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Pang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaojin Ran
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Liu
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liusheng Duan
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Co-induction of a glutathione-S-transferase, a glutathione transporter and an ABC transporter in maize by xenobiotics. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40712. [PMID: 22792398 PMCID: PMC3394700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione conjugation reactions are one of the principal mechanisms that plants utilize to detoxify xenobiotics. The induction by four herbicides (2,4-D, atrazine, metolachlor and primisulfuron) and a herbicide safener (dichlormid) on the expression of three genes, ZmGST27, ZmGT1 and ZmMRP1, encoding respectively a glutathione-S-transferase, a glutathione transporter and an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter was studied in maize. The results demonstrate that the inducing effect on gene expression varies with both chemicals and genes. The expression of ZmGST27 and ZmMRP1 was up-regulated by all five compounds, whereas that of ZmGT1 was increased by atrazine, metolachlor, primisulfuron and dichlormid, but not by 2,4-D. For all chemicals, the inducing effect was first detected on ZmGST27. The finding that ZmGT1 is activated alongside ZmGST27 and ZmMRP1 suggests that glutathione transporters are an important component in the xenobiotic detoxification system of plants.
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