1
|
Xu K, Wang X, Hu S, Tang J, Liu S, Chen H, Zhang X, Dai P. LINC00540 promotes sorafenib resistance and functions as a ceRNA for miR-4677-3p to regulate AKR1C2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27322. [PMID: 38463802 PMCID: PMC10920722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib resistance is one of the main causes of poor prognosis in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as suppressors or oncogenic factors during tumor progression and drug resistance. Here, to identify therapeutic targets for HCC, the biological mechanisms of abnormally expressed lncRNAs were examined in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Specifically, we established sorafenib-resistant HCC cell lines (Huh7-S and SMMC7721-S), which displayed an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to established differential lncRNA expression profiles for sorafenib-resistant cells. Through this analysis, we identified LINC00540 as significantly up-regulated in sorafenib-resistant cells and a candidate lncRNA for further mechanistic investigation. Functionally, LINC00540 knockdown promoted sorafenib sensitivity and suppressed migration, invasion, EMT and the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells, whereas overexpression of LINC00540 resulted in the opposite effects in parental cells. LINC00540 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by competitively binding to miR-4677-3p , thereby promoting AKR1C2 expression. This is the first study that demonstrates a role for LINC00540 in enhancing sorafenib resistance, migration and invasion of HCC cells through the LINC00540/miR-4677-3p/AKR1C2 axis, suggesting that LINC00540 may represent a potential therapeutic target and prognosis biomarker for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Shuwei Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jiaxuan Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Shihui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Hui Chen
- The University Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- The University Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Penggao Dai
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi Lifegen Co., Ltd, Xi'an, 712000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He M, Huang Y, Du Z, Lai Z, Ouyang H, Shen J, Wen D, Li Q, Zhang Y, Wei W, Chen M, Xu L, Kan A, Shi M. Lenvatinib, Toripalimab plus FOLFOX Chemotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Extrahepatic Metastasis: A Biomolecular Exploratory, Phase II Trial (LTSC). Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:5104-5115. [PMID: 37819944 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy, safety, and biomarkers of systemic chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX) in combination with lenvatinib and toripalimab as the first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with extrahepatic metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this biomolecular exploratory, phase II trial, eligible patients underwent the triple combination therapy of lenvatinib, toripalimab, plus FOLFOX chemotherapy. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months by RECIST v1.1. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of tumor biopsy samples was performed for exploratory biomarker analyses. RESULTS Between November 19, 2019, and July 4, 2021, 30 patients were enrolled. The primary endpoint was a 6-month PFS rate of 66.7%, with a median PFS of 9.73 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.89-16.58]. The median overall survival (OS) was 14.63 months (95% CI, 11.77-17.50), with an objective response rate of 43.3%. Twenty-four (80.0%) patients exhibited high-risk features, among whom the median OS and PFS were 13.7 months (95% CI, 9.24-18.16) and 8.3 months (95% CI, 3.02-13.58), respectively. The most common adverse events were neutropenia, and increased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. Exploratory analyses of snRNA-seq profiles suggested that patients with higher abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were more likely to benefit from this combination. In addition, two subtypes of hepatocytes (AKR1C2+ and CFHR4+ malignant hepatocytes) were associated with reduced clinical benefits. CONCLUSIONS FOLFOX chemotherapy in combination with lenvatinib and toripalimab showed promising antitumor activity with manageable toxicities in advanced HCC with extrahepatic metastasis. AKR1C2+ and CFHR4+ hepatocyte subtypes may be predictive biomarkers of resistance to the combination therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MinKe He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - YeXing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZeFeng Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZhiCheng Lai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanyue Ouyang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - JingXian Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - DongSheng Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - QiJiong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - YaoJun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - MinShan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anna Kan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao B, Wang Z, Liu D, Zhang S. Genetically predicted serum testosterone and risk of gynecological disorders: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1161356. [PMID: 38075074 PMCID: PMC10710168 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1161356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Testosterone plays a key role in women, but the associations of serum testosterone level with gynecological disorders risk are inconclusive in observational studies. Methods We leveraged public genome-wide association studies to analyze the effects of four testosterone related exposure factors on nine gynecological diseases. Causal estimates were calculated by inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger and weighted median methods. The heterogeneity test was performed on the obtained data through Cochrane's Q value, and the horizontal pleiotropy test was performed on the data through MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO methods. "mRnd" online analysis tool was used to evaluate the statistical power of MR estimates. Results The results showed that total testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were protective factors for ovarian cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 0.885, P = 0.012; OR = 0.871, P = 0.005) and endometriosis (OR = 0.805, P = 0.020; OR = 0.842, P = 0.028) but were risk factors for endometrial cancer (OR = 1.549, P < 0.001; OR = 1.499, P < 0.001) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (OR = 1.606, P = 0.019; OR = 1.637, P = 0.017). dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is a protective factor against endometriosis (OR = 0.840, P = 0.016) and premature ovarian failure (POF) (OR = 0.461, P = 0.046) and a risk factor for endometrial cancer (OR= 1.788, P < 0.001) and PCOS (OR= 1.970, P = 0.014). sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a protective factor against endometrial cancer (OR = 0.823, P < 0.001) and PCOS (OR = 0.715, P = 0.031). Conclusion Our analysis suggested causal associations between serum testosterone level and ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, endometriosis, PCOS, POF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Songling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen S, Guan L, Zhao X, Yang J, Chen L, Guo M, Zhao J, Chen C, Zhou Y, Han Y, Xu L. Optimized thyroid transcription factor-1 core promoter-driven microRNA-7 expression effectively inhibits the growth of human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:915-930. [PMID: 36379611 PMCID: PMC9676096 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Targeted gene therapy has become a promising approach for lung cancer treatment. In our previous work, we reported that the targeted expression of microRNA-7 (miR-7) operated by thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) promoter inhibited the growth of human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo; however, the intervention efficiency needed to be further improved. In this study, we identified the core promoter of TTF-1 (from -1299 bp to -871 bp) by 5' deletion assay and screened out the putative transcription factors nuclear factor-1 (NF-1) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). Further analysis revealed that the expression level of NF-1, but not AP-1, was positively connected with the activation of TTF-1 core promoter in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Moreover, the silencing of NF-1 could reduce the expression level of miR-7 operated by TTF-1 core promoter. Of note, we optimized four distinct sequences to form additional NF-1-binding sites (TGGCA) in the sequence of TTF-1 core promoter (termed as optTTF-1 promoter), and verified the binding efficiency of NF-1 on the optTTF-1 promoter by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). As expected, the optTTF-1 promoter could more effectively drive miR-7 expression and inhibit the growth of human NSCLC cells in vitro, accompanied by a reduced transduction of NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1α subcomplex 4 (NDUFA4)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Consistently, optTTF-1 promoter-driven miR-7 expression could also effectively abrogate the growth and metastasis of tumor cells in a murine xenograft model of human NSCLC. Finally, no significant changes were detected in the biological indicators or the histology of some important tissues and organs, including heart, liver, and spleen. On the whole, our study revealed that the optimized TTF-1 promoter could more effectively operate miR-7 to influence the growth of human NSCLC cells, providing a new basis for the development of microRNA-based targeting gene therapy against clinical lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lian Guan
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Longqing Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China. ,
- Department of Medical Physics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. ,
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. ,
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China.
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tao L, Ding X, Yan L, Xu G, Zhang P, Ji A, Zhang L. CD36 accelerates the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting FAs absorption. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:202. [PMID: 36175596 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CD36 is emerging as a potential strategy for cancer treatment because of its function of regulating fatty acid intake. The purpose of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanism of CD36 in the progression of HCC. TCGA database was used to analyze the relationship of CD36 with HCC. The expression of CD36 in HCC clinical samples and cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. Huh7 cells and HCCLM3 cells were transfected and treated into different group. CCK-8 and clone formation assay were used to detect the cell proliferation ability. Wound healing and transwell experiment were used to detect the metastatic ability. HCC xenografts were constructed in nude mice by subcutaneous injection of stably transfected Huh7 cells. The expression of CD36 in HCC was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The contents of phospholipids and triglycerides in HCC cells were detected by ELISA. And the content of neutral lipids in HCC cells was detected by staining with BODIPY 493/503 and DAPI dye. Then transcriptional sequencing was used to determine the downstream mechanism of CD36 in HCC, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed. CD36 was upregulated in HCC. Knockdown of CD36 could suppress the proliferation and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo by regulating FAs intake in HCC. In addition, the expression of AKR1C2 was suppressed by sh-CD36, and which was also involved in the regulation of FAs intake. The molecular mechanism by which CD36 accelerated the progression of HCC was to promote the expression of AKR1C2 and thus enhance fatty acids (FAs) intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lide Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Xiangmin Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lele Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guangcai Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Peijian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Anlai Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xie J, Hu Y, Sun D, Liu C, Li Z, Zhu J. Targeting non-coding RNA H19: A potential therapeutic approach in pulmonary diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:978151. [PMID: 36188624 PMCID: PMC9523668 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.978151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNA is still one of the most popular fields in biology research. In recent years, people paid more attention to the roles of H19 in lung diseases, which expressed abnormally in various pathological process. Therefore, this review focus on the regulatory role of H19 in asthma, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), lung injury, pneumonia, lung cancer, etc. And the potential therapeutic agents and molecular treatments of H19 are collected. The aim is to demonstrate its underlying mechanism in pulmonary diseases and to guide the basic research targeting H19 into clinical drug translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Xie
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuedi Hu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dengdi Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing (ICSP), Ministry of Education, School of Artificial Intelligence, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Changan Liu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zegeng Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control on Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control on Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Umapathy D, Karthikeyan MC, Ponnuchamy K, Kannan MK, Ganeshan M, Arockiam AJV. The absence of cellular glucose triggers oncogene AEG-1 that instigates VEGFC in HCC: A possible genetic root cause of angiogenesis. Gene X 2022; 826:146446. [PMID: 35337853 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1) is the master and multi-regulator of the various transcriptional factor primarily regulating chemoresistance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion under the pathological condition, including liver cancer. This study was focused on investigating the process of tumor angiogenesis in liver carcinoma by studying the role of AEG-1 under GD/2DG conditions. METHOD AND RESULTS The PCR and western blot analysis revealed that glucose depletion (GD) induces the overexpression of AEG-1. Further, it leads to the constant expression of VEGFC through the activation of HIF-1α/CCR7 via the stimulations of PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. GLUT2 is the major transporter of a glucose molecule that is highly participating under GD through the expression of AEG-1 and constantly expresses glucokinase (GCK). The obtained data suggest that AEG-1 act as an angiogenesis and glycolysis regulator by modulating the expression of GCK through HIF-1α and GLUT2. 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) is a glycolysis inhibitor that induces impaired glycolysis and cellular apoptosis by cellular oxidative stress. The administration of 2DG has led to the chemoresistance of AEG-1. CONCLUSION The total findings of the study judged that disruption of cellular energy metabolism induced by the absence of glucose or the presence of mutant glucose moiety (2DG) promotes the overexpression of AEG-1. The GD/2DG activates the VEGFC by inducing the HIF-1α and CCR7. Moreover, AEG-1 induces the expression of OPN, which regulates metastasis, angiogenesis, and actively participates in protective autophagy by promoting LC3 a/b.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devan Umapathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mano Chitra Karthikeyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumar Ponnuchamy
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Food Chemistry and Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Kannan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathan Ganeshan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Antony Joseph Velanganni Arockiam
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Marinović M, Petri E, Grbović L, Vasiljević B, Jovanović-Šanta S, Bekić S, Ćelić A. Investigation of the potential of bile acid methyl esters as inhibitors of aldo-keto reductase 1C2: insight from molecular docking, virtual screening, experimental assays and molecular dynamics. Mol Inform 2022; 41:e2100256. [PMID: 35393780 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Human aldo-keto reductase 1C isoforms catalyze reduction of endogenous and exogenous compounds, including therapeutic drugs, and are associated with chemotherapy resistance. AKR1C2 is involved in metastatic processes and is a target for the treatment of various cancers. Here we used molecular docking to explore a series of bile acid methyl esters as AKR1C2 inhibitors. Autodock 4.2 ranked 10 of 11 test compounds above decoys based on ursodeoxycholate, an AKR1C2 inhibitor, while 5 ranked above 94% of decoys in Autodock Vina. Seven inactives reported not to inhibit AKR1C2 ranked below the decoy threshold. Virtual screen of a natural product library in Autodock Vina using the same parameters, identified steroidal derivatives, bile acids, and other AKR1C ligands in the top 5%. In experiments, 6 out of 11 tested bile acid methyl esters inhibited >50% of AKR1C2 activity, while 2 compounds were AKR1C3 inhibitors. The top ranking compound showed dose-dependent inhibition of AKR1C2 (IC50 ~3.6 µM). Molecular dynamics was used to explore interactions between a bile acid methyl ester and the AKR1C2 active site. Our molecular docking results identify AKR1C2 as a target for bile acid methyl esters, which combined with virtual screening results provides new directions for the synthesis of AKR1C inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Marinović
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Science and Mathematics, SERBIA
| | - Edward Petri
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Science and Mathematics, SERBIA
| | - Ljubica Grbović
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Science and Mathematics, SERBIA
| | | | | | - Sofija Bekić
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Science and Mathematics, SERBIA
| | - Andjelka Ćelić
- University of Novi Sad Faculty of Science and Mathematics, SERBIA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou F, Chen B. Prognostic significance of ferroptosis-related genes and their methylation in AML. Hematology 2021; 26:919-930. [PMID: 34789073 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2021.1996055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis involves in the development and therapeutic response of various types of tumors. This study aims to explore ferroptosis-related prognostic genes that could further accurately stratify AML patients. METHODS We investigated the prognosis significance of ferroptosis-related genes in AML by Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. With the methylation data of TCGA samples, we looked for methylation sites associated with prognostic genes and compared the correlation between methylation and mRNA expression. R software and 'edgeR' packages were used to identify the DEGs between the high-and-low-risk groups divided by the FRPGs prognosis model and then run GO enrichment, KEGG pathway, and PPI network. RESULTS We found a prognostic risk model that included AKR1C2 and SOCS1 predicted outcomes in AML patients. Methylation analysis showed that AKR1C2 and SOCS1 are negatively regulated by their methylation, leading to their low expression in AML patients. Besides, both decreased SOCS1 expression and hypermethylation predicted favorable OS and PFS in AML patients. Finally, this prognostic risk model exhibited a close correlation with several clinical features, especially with age (P=0.005), cytogenetic type (P=0.031), risk_cytogenetic (P=0.001), and risk_molecular (P<0.001). Functional enrichment analysis showed that DEGs are most enriched in the regulation of cell death and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION AKR1C2 and SOCS1 are promising biomarkers for predicting prognosis in patients with AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhou
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang ZF, Huang TJ, Zhang XK, Xie YJ, Lin ST, Luo FF, Meng DF, Hu H, Wang J, Peng LX, Qian CN, Cheng C, Huang BJ. AKR1C2 acts as a targetable oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9999-10012. [PMID: 32678482 PMCID: PMC7520259 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aldo-keto reductases family 1 member C2 (AKR1C2) has critical roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of malignant tumours. However, it was also discovered to have ambiguous functions in multiple cancers and till present, its clinical significance and molecular mechanism in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of AKR1C2 in the tumorigenesis of ESCC. Here, we showed that AKR1C2 expression was found to be up-regulated in ESCC tissues and was significantly associated with pathological stage, lymph node metastasis and worse outcomes. Functional assays demonstrated that an ectopic expression of AKR1C2 in ESCC cells resulted in increased proliferation, migration and cisplatin resistance, while knockdown led to inversing effects. Bioinformation analyses and mechanistic studies demonstrated that AKR1C2 activated the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, furthermore, the inhibitor of PI3K or the selective inhibitor of AKR1C2 enzyme activity could reverse the aggressiveness and showed synergistic antitumour effect when combined with cisplatin, both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, Our findings revealed that AKR1C2 could function as an oncogene by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, as a novel prognostic biomarker and/or as a potential therapeutic target to ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Fei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tie-Jun Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ke Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-Jie Xie
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Ting Lin
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei-Fei Luo
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu HD, Liu L, Deng H, Li ZB, Sheng JQ, He XX, Tian DA, Li PY. Astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) promotes anoikis resistance and metastasis by inducing autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5084-5095. [PMID: 31691973 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is strongly associated with tumor metastasis. Anoikis resistance and autophagy may play an important role in the survival of circulating tumor cells. However, the relationship among AEG-1, anoikis resistance, autophagy, and metastasis in HCC is still not clear. The results of this study indicate that AEG-1 expression is increased in HCC cell lines grown in suspension culture. AEG-1 could enhance anoikis resistance to promote the survival of detached HCC cells. Moreover, the anoikis resistance appears to be partly dependent on autophagy. Regulating AEG-1 expression changed the autophagy levels to modulate anoikis resistance, likely acting via the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling axis. Finally, inhibiting autophagy by RNA interference prevented the AEG-1-promoted metastasis of HCC xenografts to the liver and lungs of nude mice. Taken together, AEG-1 is a key contributor to anoikis resistance and metastasis by inducing autophagy in vitro and in vivo, and it may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dan Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng-Bo Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Qi Sheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Xing He
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - De-An Tian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jin YX, Zhou XF, Chen YY, Jin WX, Wang YH, Ye DR, Sun YH, Li YF, Wang QX, Zhang XH, Wang OC, Chen ED. Up-Regulated AKR1C2 is correlated with favorable prognosis in thyroid carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:3543-3552. [PMID: 31293659 PMCID: PMC6603404 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C2 (AKR1C2) gene encodes for a member of the AKR superfamily and participates in the metabolism of various drugs. Moreover, tumor and normal tissues exhibit an evident difference in the expression level of this gene. Methods: We downloaded and analyzed AKR1C2 expression level and the data consisting of the clinicopathological features of 490 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumor tissues and 59 normal thyroid tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. Diverse statistical methods, such Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used. We down-/up-regulated the expression of AKR1C2 and explored its specific role in thyroid cancer cell lines by utilizing the si-RNA and plasmid. Results: We divided all patients who were collected in TCGA data sets into under-expressed (n = 245) and over-expressed groups (n = 245). We subsequently analyzed the data and obtained the following findings: (a) AKR1C2 is down-regulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (p<0.001), (b) Kaplan-Meier result revealed that high expression level of AKR1C2 are correlated with favorable survival in PTC (p = 0.043), and (c) factors independently associated with recurrence-free survival are AKR1C2 expression (hazard ratio (HR 0.819) and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (HR 1.534). We also analysed the relationship between AKR1C2 expression and clinicopathological features in the validated cohort. AKR12C under-expression correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009) and AJCC stage (p= 0.001) which might indicate AKR12C as a prognostic factor in PTC. The cell line experiment results showed that the knockdown and overexpression of AKR1C2 significantly enhance and weaken the abilities of migration and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma cell. Conclusion: Our results indicated that AKR1C2 exerts inhibitory effects on PTC oncogenesis and elevated AKR1C2 expression is associated with the favorable prognostic factors and recurrence free survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Jin
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Wen-Xu Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Ying-Hao Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Dan-Rong Ye
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Yi-Han Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Yue-Feng Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Qing-Xuan Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Ou-Chen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - En-Dong Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qiao G, Jia X, Zhang Y, Chen B. Neurofibromin 1 expression is negatively correlated with malignancy and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:1702-1712. [PMID: 31933988 PMCID: PMC6947127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer ranks as the 5th most deadly female cancer. However, few effective biomarkers have been identified for clinical application. Thus, it is critical to identify differentially expressed genes in epithelial ovarian cancer patient samples. Our work has focused on a tumor suppressor gene Neurofibromin 1 and its role in epithelial ovarian cancer pathology. We examined 124 samples of benign ovarian tissues, borderline ovarian tissues, and epithelial ovarian cancer tissues for NF1 expression by immunohistochemistry and further validated our results using RT-PCR and Western blot. We next analyzed the follow-up information with pathological features using Kaplan-Meier univariate survival analysis and Cox regression multivariate analysis. First, our results show that the mRNA level and protein level of NF1 are significantly decreased in epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Second, NF1 expression is negatively associated with 5-year overall survival, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size. Furthermore, our data also suggests that NF1 expression is a protective factor for epithelial ovarian cancer prognosis. NF1 is negatively regulated in EOC patients and low expression of NF1 is associated with lymph node metastasis. More importantly, patients that have lost NF1 showed poorer prognosis and five-year overall survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guyuan Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuchun Jia
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 323 Hospital, People’s Liberation ArmyXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Biliang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pan D, Jia Z, Li W, Dou Z. The targeting of MTDH by miR‑145‑5p or miR‑145‑3p is associated with prognosis and regulates the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1955-1968. [PMID: 31081051 PMCID: PMC6521930 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have rarely been conducted on the role of miRNAs in prostate cancer (PCa) cell progression by directly targeting MTDH, at least to the best of our knowledge. Thus, the present study aimed to identify miRNAs closely related with metadherin (MTDH) and to determine their roles in PCa. For this purpose, the expression levels of MTDH in PCa tissues and cell lines were examined by RT‑qPCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. By cell transfection, MTDH was either overexpressed in the normal prostate epithelial cell lines or silenced in tumor cell lines to determine cell viability, invasion and migration. Bioinformatics analysis, RT‑qPCR, western blot analysis, dual‑luciferase reporter assay and MTT assay were performed to identify direct the target of MTDH and to examine tumor cell viability. Rescue experiments using the PC‑3 and LNCaP cells were carried out by MTT assay, scratch wound assay, Transwell assay, RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis. Experiments were also conducted using 46 PCa human cancer and adjacent tissues, as wells as on 501 cases of PCa from the TCGA database. It was confirmed that the overexpression of MTDH was associated with a poor prognosis of patients. The overexpression of MTDH was found to promote the viability, invasion and migration of PCa cells. miR‑145‑5p and miR‑145‑3p identified from 16 miRNAs were found to be closely related to PCa and to be the targets of MTDH. Both these miRNAs were found to significantly suppress the growth and metastasis of PCa cells by negatively regulating the expression of MTDH. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that MTDH functions as an oncogene in PCa and the inhibition of MTDH by miR‑145‑5p or miR‑145‑3p suppressed the growth and metastasis of PCa cells. The miR‑145‑5p/MTDH and miR‑145‑3p/MTDH pathways may thus become novel treatment targets for PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhongling Dou
- Correspondence to: Dr Zhongling Dou, Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua Road, Jianxi, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Feng S, Yao J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Liu J, Tan W, Sun C, Chen L, Yu X. miR‑96 inhibits EMT by targeting AEG‑1 in glioblastoma cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2964-2972. [PMID: 29257267 PMCID: PMC5783515 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important for carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Previous studies have estimated that microRNA (miRNA/miR) expression is associated with EMT via the regulation of the expression of target genes. miR-96 has been reported to exhibit a correlation with the EMT process. However, the functional role of miR-96 and its mechanism in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains to be completely elucidated. The objective of the present study was to investigate the functional role and mechanism of miR-96 in the migration and invasion, in addition to proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution, of GBM. In the present study, the results suggested that the introduction of miR-96 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion, in addition to proliferation and cell cycle progression, of GBM cells and promoted their apoptosis in vitro, leading to the hypothesis that miR-96 may be a potential tumor suppressor. It was subsequently confirmed that astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) was a direct target gene of miR-96, using a luciferase assay and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, in addition to western blotting. miR-96 was observed to downregulate the expression of AEG-1 at the mRNA and protein levels. Notably, AEG-1 may suppress EMT by increasing the expression levels of E-cadherin, an epithelial marker, and decreasing the expression levels of vimentin, a mesenchymal marker. Therefore, it was concluded that miR-96 may impede the EMT process by downregulating AEG-1 in GBM. Additionally, it was observed that inhibition of AEG-1 led to a similar effect compared with overexpression of miR-96 in GBM. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR-96 may act as a tumor suppressor by regulating EMT via targeting of AEG-1, suggesting that miR-96 may be a potential biomarker and anticancer therapeutic target for GBM in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Yanyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Tan
- Department of Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Caihong Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| | - Xinguang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100036, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Astrocyte elevated gene-1 promotes tumour growth and invasion by inducing EMT in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15447. [PMID: 29133850 PMCID: PMC5684276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15805-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common human malignancy with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. Although astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) expression is up-regulated in various human cancers and plays an important role in carcinogenesis and tumour progression, the impact of AEG-1 on the development and progression of OSCC remains unclear. Accordingly, this study aims to clarify the biological significance of AEG-1 in OSCC. We found AEG-1 to be overexpressed in OSCC tissues compared to normal oral mucosa. Knockdown or overexpression of AEG-1 in OSCC cell lines showed that AEG-1 is important for tumour growth, apoptosis, drug tolerance, and maintaining epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated cell migration and invasion in vitro. Moreover, in a xenograft-mouse model generated by AEG-1-overexpressing SCC15 cells, we found that higher expression of AEG-1 promoted tumour growth, angiogenesis, and EMT in vivo. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the role of AEG-1 in regulating OSCC tumour growth, apoptosis, drug tolerance, and invasion, as well as AEG-1-induced activation of p38 and NF-κB signalling, suggesting that AEG-1 is an important prognostic factor and therapeutic target for OSCC.
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang LL, Wang Z, Cao CJ, Ke ZF, Wang F, Wang R, Luo CQ, Lu X, Wang LT. AEG-1 associates with metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer through upregulation of MMP2/9. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:812-822. [PMID: 28731152 PMCID: PMC5564412 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1), known as an oncogene, is overexpressed in various cancers and implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. However, its functional significance and underlying molecular mechanisms in thyroid cancer remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we detected the potential function of AEG-1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We also investigated the relation between AEG-1 and matrix metalloproteases (MMP)2 and 9 through immunohistochemistry, western blotting, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence staining, zymography and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). We found that overexpression of AEG-1 in PTC was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and MMP2/9 expression. Knockdown of AEG-1 reduced the capacity of migration and invasion through downregulation of MMP2/9 in thyroid cancer cells. Furthermore, we firstly found that AEG-1 interacted with MMP9 in thyroid cancer cells. AEG-1 was associated with the activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways in thyroid cancer cells. Overall, our results for the first time showed that AEG-1 interacted with MMP9 in thyroid cancer cells and AEG-1 expression was closely associated with progression and metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. AEG-1 might be a potential therapeutic target in papillary thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Lei Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Chuang-Jie Cao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zun-Fu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Can-Qiao Luo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Lu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Tang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Miao S, Mao X, Zhao S, Song K, Xiang C, Lv Y, Jiang H, Wang L, Li B, Yang X, Yuan Z, Xiu C, Meng H, Sun J. miR-217 inhibits laryngeal cancer metastasis by repressing AEG-1 and PD-L1 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62143-62153. [PMID: 28977933 PMCID: PMC5617493 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High incidences of laryngeal cancer have been reported recently. Increasing our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this malignancy could reveal more effective approaches to treating laryngeal cancer patients and so improve their prognoses. In this study, we explored the biological effects of miR-217 on laryngeal cancer. miR-217 potently inhibited multiple metastatic traits, including cell migration, invasion, proliferation, apoptosis, and EMT, as well as angiogensis. These effects were achieved through downregulation of the miR-217 target gene, AEG-1 and PD-L1. Clinical expression and animal model studies further confirmed our results. These findings provide new insight into the physiological effects of miR-217 in laryngeal cancer and its potential therapeutic use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xionghui Mao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Kaibin Song
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Cheng Xiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yuanjing Lv
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Huanyv Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xianguang Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhennan Yuan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Cheng Xiu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hongxue Meng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
He R, Gao L, Ma J, Peng Z, Zhou S, Yang L, Feng Z, Dang Y, Chen G. The essential role of MTDH in the progression of HCC: a study with immunohistochemistry, TCGA, meta-analysis and in vitro investigation. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:1561-1579. [PMID: 28469766 PMCID: PMC5411909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies found that metadherin (MTDH) played an essential role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the exact function of MTDH in the pathogenesis of HCC was unclarified. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of MTDH in HCC and its effect on HCC cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect MTDH expression in HCC tissues. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ONCOMINE was obtained to examine MTDH expression in HCC and its clinical significance. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the correlation between MTDH expression and both the prognosis (Overall Survival (OS) or Disease-free Survival (DFS)) and clinicopathological features of HCC via STATA 12.0. In vitro experiments were performed to investigate the role of MTDH in cell growth, caspase-3/7 activity and apoptosis in HCC cells. The MTDH staining was remarkably stronger in HCC tissues than in non-cancer tissues from IHC, TCGA and ONCOMINE data. Moreover, MTDH-positive expression was significantly correlated with pathological grade, distant metastasis and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by IHC. For meta-analysis, MTDH expression was indicative of poor OS without heterogeneity in HCC patients. Additionally, MTDH expression was correlated with high-grade histological differentiation, non-vascular invasion and metastasis in HCC. In vitro experiments revealed that MTDH could the inhibit cell growth and activate caspase-3/7 activity and apoptosis in the four HCC cell lines. In conclusion, MTDH expression may serve as a novel targeting strategy for HCC due to its clinical significance and oncogenic function in HCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongquan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Shengsheng Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Zhenbo Feng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Yiwu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Song CQ, Li Y, Mou H, Moore J, Park A, Pomyen Y, Hough S, Kennedy Z, Fischer A, Yin H, Anderson DG, Conte D, Zender L, Wang XW, Thorgeirsson S, Weng Z, Xue W. Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Identifies Regulators of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase as Suppressors of Liver Tumors in Mice. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1161-1173.e1. [PMID: 27956228 PMCID: PMC6204228 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It has been a challenge to identify liver tumor suppressors or oncogenes due to the genetic heterogeneity of these tumors. We performed a genome-wide screen to identify suppressors of liver tumor formation in mice, using CRISPR-mediated genome editing. METHODS We performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout screen of P53-null mouse embryonic liver progenitor cells that overexpressed MYC. We infected p53-/-;Myc;Cas9 hepatocytes with the mGeCKOa lentiviral library of 67,000 single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs), targeting 20,611 mouse genes, and transplanted the transduced cells subcutaneously into nude mice. Within 1 month, all the mice that received the sgRNA library developed subcutaneous tumors. We performed high-throughput sequencing of tumor DNA and identified sgRNAs increased at least 8-fold compared to the initial cell pool. To validate the top 10 candidate tumor suppressors from this screen, we collected data from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using the Cancer Genome Atlas and COSMIC databases. We used CRISPR to inactivate candidate tumor suppressor genes in p53-/-;Myc;Cas9 cells and transplanted them subcutaneously into nude mice; tumor formation was monitored and tumors were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Mice with liver-specific disruption of p53 were given hydrodynamic tail-vein injections of plasmids encoding Myc and sgRNA/Cas9 designed to disrupt candidate tumor suppressors; growth of tumors and metastases was monitored. We compared gene expression profiles of liver cells with vs without tumor suppressor gene disrupted by sgRNA/Cas9. Genes found to be up-regulated after tumor suppressor loss were examined in liver cancer cell lines; their expression was knocked down using small hairpin RNAs, and tumor growth was examined in nude mice. Effects of the MEK inhibitors AZD6244, U0126, and trametinib, or the multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib, were examined in human and mouse HCC cell lines. RESULTS We identified 4 candidate liver tumor suppressor genes not previously associated with liver cancer (Nf1, Plxnb1, Flrt2, and B9d1). CRISPR-mediated knockout of Nf1, a negative regulator of RAS, accelerated liver tumor formation in mice. Loss of Nf1 or activation of RAS up-regulated the liver progenitor cell markers HMGA2 and SOX9. RAS pathway inhibitors suppressed the activation of the Hmga2 and Sox9 genes that resulted from loss of Nf1 or oncogenic activation of RAS. Knockdown of HMGA2 delayed formation of xenograft tumors from cells that expressed oncogenic RAS. In human HCCs, low levels of NF1 messenger RNA or high levels of HMGA2 messenger RNA were associated with shorter patient survival time. Liver cancer cells with inactivation of Plxnb1, Flrt2, and B9d1 formed more tumors in mice and had increased levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Using a CRISPR-based strategy, we identified Nf1, Plxnb1, Flrt2, and B9d1 as suppressors of liver tumor formation. We validated the observation that RAS signaling, via mitogen-activated protein kinase, contributes to formation of liver tumors in mice. We associated decreased levels of NF1 and increased levels of its downstream protein HMGA2 with survival times of patients with HCC. Strategies to inhibit or reduce HMGA2 might be developed to treat patients with liver cancer.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western
- Butadienes/pharmacology
- CRISPR-Cas Systems
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytoskeletal Proteins
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Neurofibromatosis 1
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- HMGA Proteins/genetics
- HMGA2 Protein/genetics
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives
- Niacinamide/pharmacology
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Pyridones/pharmacology
- Pyrimidinones/pharmacology
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sorafenib
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- ras Proteins/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Qing Song
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Yingxiang Li
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiwei Mou
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jill Moore
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Angela Park
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Yotsawat Pomyen
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Soren Hough
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Zachary Kennedy
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Fischer
- Department of Pathology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Hao Yin
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Darryl Conte
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Department of Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Snorri Thorgeirsson
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zhiping Weng
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wen Xue
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zeng CM, Chang LL, Ying MD, Cao J, He QJ, Zhu H, Yang B. Aldo-Keto Reductase AKR1C1-AKR1C4: Functions, Regulation, and Intervention for Anti-cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:119. [PMID: 28352233 PMCID: PMC5349110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductases comprise of AKR1C1-AKR1C4, four enzymes that catalyze NADPH dependent reductions and have been implicated in biosynthesis, intermediary metabolism, and detoxification. Recent studies have provided evidences of strong correlation between the expression levels of these family members and the malignant transformation as well as the resistance to cancer therapy. Mechanistically, most studies focus on the catalytic-dependent function of AKR1C isoforms, like their impeccable roles in prostate cancer, breast cancer, and drug resistance due to the broad substrates specificity. However, accumulating clues showed that catalytic-independent functions also played critical roles in regulating biological events. This review summarizes the catalytic-dependent and -independent roles of AKR1Cs, as well as the small molecule inhibitors targeting these family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hong Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang S, Liu L, Lv Z, Li Q, Gong W, Wu H. MicroRNA-342-3p Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Osteosarcoma Cells by Targeting Astrocyte-Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1). Oncol Res 2017; 25:1505-1515. [PMID: 28276315 PMCID: PMC7841055 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14886485417426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators in many types of cancer, including osteosarcoma. miR-342-3p has emerged as an important cancer-related miRNA in several types of cancers. However, the functional significance of miR-342-3p in osteosarcoma is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate whether miR-342-3p is dysregulated in osteosarcoma and to explore the biological function of miR-342-3p in regulating cellular processes of osteosarcoma cells. We found that miR-342-3p expression was significantly decreased in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-342-3p inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. In contrast, the inhibition of miR-342-3p exhibited the opposite effect. Astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) was identified as one of the target genes of miR-342-3p in osteosarcoma cells by bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. Overexpression of miR-342-3p also inhibited the Wnt and nuclear factor κB signaling pathways. Moreover, overexpression of AEG-1 partially rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-342-3p mediated on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Overall, our results show that miR-342-3p inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells through targeting AEG-1, suggesting a potential target for the development of miRNA-based therapy for osteosarcoma.
Collapse
|
23
|
MicroRNA-124 inhibits proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cervical carcinoma cells by targeting astrocyte-elevated gene-1. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2321-8. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|