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Park SM, Oh YH, Lim GH, Yun GH, Kim KB, An JH, Seo KW, Youn HY. Deferoxamine preconditioning of canine stem cell derived extracellular vesicles alleviates inflammation in an EAE mouse model through STAT3 regulation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19273. [PMID: 39164295 PMCID: PMC11335858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), specifically those preconditioned with deferoxamine (DFO) in canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs (cAT-MSCs), were explored for treating autoimmune diseases. This study assessed the effects of DFO-preconditioned EVs (EVDFO) in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model. cAT-MSCs were treated with DFO for 48 h, after which EVs were isolated. EAE mice received intranasal EV or EVDFO treatments and were euthanized following histopathologic analysis; RNA and protein expression levels were measured. Histologically, EV and EVDFO groups showed a significant reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination. Immunofluorescence revealed increased CD206 and Foxp3 expression, indicating elevated M2 macrophages and regulatory T (Treg) cells, particularly in the EVDFO group. Treg cells also notably increased in the spleen of EVDFO -treated mice. STAT3 and pSTAT3 proteins were upregulated in the EAE groups compared to the naïve group. However, following EV treatment, STAT3 expression decreased compared to the EAE group, whereas pSTAT3 expression was similar in both the EV and EAE groups. In conclusion, EVDFO treatment resulted in reduced STAT3 expression, suggesting its role in T cell regulation and the potential of EVDFO in modulating the STAT3 pathway for reducing inflammation more effectively than non-preconditioned EVs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism
- Extracellular Vesicles/transplantation
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Mice
- Dogs
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Deferoxamine/pharmacology
- Deferoxamine/therapeutic use
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Female
- Disease Models, Animal
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hun Oh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hyun Lim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hee Yun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Bo Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Department of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Seo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong YJ, Lee HR, Park SA, Lee JW, Kim LK, Kim HJ, Seo JH, Heo TH. A derivative of 3-(1,3-diarylallylidene)oxindoles inhibits dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:851-862. [PMID: 38916850 PMCID: PMC11294400 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IA-0130 is a derivative of 3-(1,3-diarylallylidene)oxindoles, which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). A previous study demonstrated that SERM exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on colitis by promoting the anti-inflammatory phenotype of monocytes in murine colitis. However, the therapeutic effects of oxindole on colitis remain unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of IA-0130 on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis. METHODS The DSS-induced colitis mouse model was established by administration of 2.5% DSS for 5 days. Mice were orally administered with IA-0130 (0.01 mg/kg or 0.1 mg/kg) or cyclosporin A (CsA; 30 mg/kg). Body weight, disease activity index score and colon length of mice were calculated and histological features of mouse colonic tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and tight junction (TJ) proteins were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling molecules in colonic tissues were investigated using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS IA-0130 (0.1 mg/kg) and CsA (30 mg/kg) prevented colitis symptom, including weight loss, bleeding, colon shortening, and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colon tissues. IA-0130 treatment regulated the mouse intestinal barrier permeability and inhibited abnormal TJ protein expression. IA-0130 down-regulated IL-6 expression and prevented the phosphorylation of signaling molecules in colonic tissues. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that IA-0130 suppressed colitis progression by inhibiting the gp130 signaling pathway and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and maintaining TJ integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jin Jeong
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, NP512, Hall of Cardinal Jin-Suk Cheong, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ri Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, NP512, Hall of Cardinal Jin-Suk Cheong, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ae Park
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, NP512, Hall of Cardinal Jin-Suk Cheong, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Woon Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, NP512, Hall of Cardinal Jin-Suk Cheong, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Kyung Kim
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, NP512, Hall of Cardinal Jin-Suk Cheong, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, NP512, Hall of Cardinal Jin-Suk Cheong, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Seo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon‑si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwe Heo
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, NP512, Hall of Cardinal Jin-Suk Cheong, 43 Jibong-Ro, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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Meng W, Fenton CG, Johnsen KM, Taman H, Florholmen J, Paulssen RH. DNA methylation fine-tunes pro-and anti-inflammatory signalling pathways in inactive ulcerative colitis tissue biopsies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6789. [PMID: 38514698 PMCID: PMC10957912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57440-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation has been implied to play a role in the immune dysfunction associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the disease development of ulcerative colitis (UC). Changes of the DNA methylation and correlated gene expression in patient samples with inactive UC might reveal possible regulatory features important for further treatment options for UC. Targeted bisulfite sequencing and whole transcriptome sequencing were performed on mucosal biopsies from patients with active UC (UC, n = 14), inactive UC (RM, n = 20), and non-IBD patients which served as controls (NN, n = 11). The differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified by DMRseq. Correlation analysis was performed between DMRs and their nearest differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed based on correlated DMR regulated genes. DMR regulated genes then were functional annotated. Cell-type deconvolutions were performed based on methylation levels. The comparisons revealed a total of 38 methylation-regulated genes in inactive UC that are potentially regulated by DMRs (correlation p value < 0.1). Several methylation-regulated genes could be identified in inactive UC participating in IL-10 and cytokine signalling pathways such as IL1B and STAT3. DNA methylation events in inactive UC seem to be fine-tuned by the balancing pro- and anti- inflammatory pathways to maintain a prevailed healing process to restore dynamic epithelium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christopher G Fenton
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Genomics Support Centre Tromsø, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Sykehusveien 44, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kay-Martin Johnsen
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hagar Taman
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Genomics Support Centre Tromsø, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Sykehusveien 44, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jon Florholmen
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ruth H Paulssen
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
- Genomics Support Centre Tromsø, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Sykehusveien 44, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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Zhao F, Wang Y, Zuo H, Ru Y, Wang Y. Cyclin-Dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor Atuveciclib ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like dermatitis in mice by inhibiting various inflammation factors via STAT3 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111652. [PMID: 38335657 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune skin disease characterized by the deregulated secretion of inflammatory factors in multiple organs. The aberrant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway mediated by cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) is vital for the pathology of psoriasis, leading to the accumulation of inflammatory factors and the progression of skin damage. In this study, we explored the effect of CDK9 inhibition on attenuating the secretion of inflammatory factors and alleviating skin damage in psoriasis models both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that Atuveciclib, a highly selective CDK9 inhibitor, significantly relieved skin lesions in Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mice models by lowering the expression of CDK9 and p-RNA Pol II Ser2. Meanwhile, Atuveciclib significantly inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation in mice skin and reduced the levels of key inflammatory cytokines in mice skin, plasma and spleen. In addition to suppressing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, Atuveciclib ablated the activation of STAT3 induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Overall, our findings indicated that the overexpression and hyperfunction of CDK9 promote the progression of psoriasis. Moreover, Atuveciclib interfered with the abnormal STAT3 signaling pathway through the inhibition of CDK9, which ultimately ameliorated psoriatic-like skin inflammation. These suggested that CDK9 inhibition is a potential strategy for batting psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Haojie Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yiming Ru
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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5
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Li J, Wei Y, Liu C, Guo X, Liu Z, Zhang L, Bao S, Wu X, Wang X, Zhang J, Dong W. 2'-Fucosyllactose restores the intestinal mucosal barrier in ulcerative colitis by inhibiting STAT3 palmitoylation and phosphorylation. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:380-394. [PMID: 38150914 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL), the primary constituent of human milk oligosaccharides, has been identified as a potential regulator of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Despite this recognition, the specific mechanisms through which 2'-FL alleviates ulcerative colitis (UC) remain ambiguous. This study seeks to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory properties of 2'-FL concerning intestinal inflammation and uncover the associated mechanisms. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were orally administered a daily dose of 500 mg/kg 2'-FL for 11 consecutive days, followed by the induction of colitis using 3 % (wt/vol) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for the final 6 days. Subsequently, a comprehensive range of techniques, including an Acyl-biotin exchange assay, fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled dextran assay, histopathology, ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry staining, Alcian blue-periodic acid schiff staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, transmission electron microscopy, iTRAQ quantitative proteomics, bioinformatics analysis, and the generation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) knockout mice, were employed to explore the relevant molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Administration of 2'-FL significantly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice and enhanced the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. 2'-FL downregulated the phosphorylation of STAT3 and inhibited STAT3-related signaling pathways in colon tissues, which, in turn, reduced inflammatory responses. Interestingly, knockdown of STAT3 attenuated the protective effects of 2'-FL, highlighting that 2'-FL-mediated inflammatory attenuation is dependent on STAT3 expression. Additionally, 2'-FL could influence STAT3 activation by modulating the palmitoylation and depalmitoylation of STAT3. CONCLUSIONS 2'-FL promotes the recovery of the intestinal mucosal barrier and suppresses inflammation in ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the palmitoylation and phosphorylation of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yuping Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhengru Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Luyun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shenglan Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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Wei Y, Li J, Li J, Liu C, Guo X, Liu Z, Zhang L, Bao S, Wu X, Su W, Wang X, Zhang J, Dong W. Dietary long-chain fatty acids promote colitis by regulating palmitoylation of STAT3 through CD36-mediated endocytosis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:60. [PMID: 38233383 PMCID: PMC10794235 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The Western diet, characterized by its high content of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), is widely recognized as a significant triggering factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While the link between a high-fat diet and colitis has been observed, the specific effects and mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Our study provides evidence that the diet rich in LCFAs can disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier and exacerbate experimental colitis in mice. Mechanistically, LCFAs upregulate the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) pathway in the inflammatory model, and STAT3 knockout effectively counters the pro-inflammatory effects of LCFAs on colitis. Specifically, palmitic acid (PA), a representative LCFA, enters intestinal epithelial cells via the cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) pathway and participates in the palmitoylation cycle of STAT3. Inhibiting this cycle using pharmacological inhibitors like 2-Bromopalmitate (2-BP) and ML349, as well as DHHC7 knockdown, has the ability to alleviate inflammation induced by PA. These findings highlight the significant role of dietary LCFAs, especially PA, in the development and progression of IBD. Diet adjustments and targeted modulation offer potential therapeutic strategies for managing this condition. Model of LCFAs involvement in the palmitoylation cycle of STAT3 upon internalization into cells. Following cellular uptake through CD36, LCFAs are converted to palmitoyl-CoA. In the presence of DHHC7, palmitoyl-CoA binds to STAT3 at the C108 site, forming palmitoylated STAT3. Palmitoylation further promotes phosphorylation at the Y705 site of STAT3. Subsequently, palmitoylated STAT3 undergoes depalmitoylation by APT2 and translocates to the nucleus to exert its biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhengru Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Luyun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shenglan Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenhao Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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Vermeire S, Solitano V, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Tilg H, Danese S, Ehrlich H, Scherrer D, Gineste P, d'Agay L, Sands BE. Obefazimod: A First-in-class Drug for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1689-1697. [PMID: 37129565 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biologic agents and oral small molecules are the mainstays of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] management. However, an unmet clinical need remains for additional agents with novel mechanism of action which are effective, safe, and disease-modifying; this is due to the substantial proportion of patients who do not respond, lose response, or develop intolerance to currently marketed products. microRNAs [miRNAs] that play a role in the modulation of signal transduction pathways implicated in the development of IBD hold the potential to be used as therapeutic targets. Recently, a novel first-in-class compound, obefazimod, originally conceived as a human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection drug, has shown great promise in phase II induction trials for ulcerative colitis [UC] patients. Findings from the maintenance phases of trials showed that long-term obefazimod treatment provides continued improvement in clinical symptoms of disease, with a substantial proportion of patients in clinical remission, and an overall good safety profile. With a novel mechanism of action, obefazimod is an orally available small molecule with anti-inflammatory properties through the specific and selective upregulation of miR-124 expression. The aim of this paper is to critically review the available evidence related to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and to discuss the potential clinical implications of this first-in-class oral small molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Vermeire
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases & Metabolism, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal disorders [TARGID] - IBD Unit, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Virginia Solitano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- University of Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy, France; University of Lorraine, Inserm, NGERE, Nancy, France
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Paul Gineste
- Clinical Operations Department, Abivax, Paris, France
| | | | - Bruce E Sands
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Rajalingam A, Sekar K, Ganjiwale A. Identification of Potential Genes and Critical Pathways in Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn's Disease by Machine Learning And WGCNA Network Analysis. Curr Genomics 2023; 24:84-99. [PMID: 37994325 PMCID: PMC10662376 DOI: 10.2174/1389202924666230601122334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the entire gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. These patients often experience a period of symptomatic relapse and remission. A 20 - 30% symptomatic recurrence rate is reported in the first year after surgery, with a 10% increase each subsequent year. Thus, surgery is done only to relieve symptoms and not for the complete cure of the disease. The determinants and the genetic factors of this disease recurrence are also not well-defined. Therefore, enhanced diagnostic efficiency and prognostic outcome are critical for confronting CD recurrence. Methods We analysed ileal mucosa samples collected from neo-terminal ileum six months after surgery (M6=121 samples) from Crohn's disease dataset (GSE186582). The primary aim of this study is to identify the potential genes and critical pathways in post-operative recurrence of Crohn's disease. We combined the differential gene expression analysis with Recursive feature elimination (RFE), a machine learning approach to get five critical genes for the postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. The features (genes) selected by different methods were validated using five binary classifiers for recurrence and remission samples: Logistic Regression (LR), Decision tree classifier (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest classifier (RF), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) with 10-fold cross-validation. We also performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to select specific modules and feature genes associated with Crohn's disease postoperative recurrence, smoking, and biological sex. Combined with other biological interpretations, including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, our current study sheds light on the in-depth research of CD diagnosis and prognosis in postoperative recurrence. Results PLOD2, ZNF165, BOK, CX3CR1, and ARMCX4, are the important genes identified from the machine learning approach. These genes are reported to be involved in the viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptors, lysine degradation, and apoptosis. They are also linked with various cellular and molecular functions such as Peptidyl-lysine hydroxylation, Central nervous system maturation, G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptor activity, BCL-2 homology (BH) domain binding, Gliogenesis and negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarization. WGCNA identified a gene co-expression module that was primarily involved in mitochondrial translational elongation, mitochondrial translational termination, mitochondrial translation, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, mRNA splicing via spliceosome pathways, etc.; Both the analysis result emphasizes that the mitochondrial depolarization pathway is linked with CD recurrence leading to oxidative stress in promoting inflammation in CD patients. Conclusion These key genes serve as the novel diagnostic biomarker for the postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. Thus, among other treatment options present until now, these biomarkers would provide success in both diagnosis and prognosis, aiming for a long-lasting remission to prevent further complications in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Rajalingam
- Department of Life Sciences, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560056, India
| | - Kanagaraj Sekar
- Laboratory for Structural Biology and Bio-computing, Computational and Data Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Anjali Ganjiwale
- Department of Life Sciences, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560056, India
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9
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Yadav S, Shah D, Dalai P, Agrawal-Rajput R. The tale of antibiotics beyond antimicrobials: Expanding horizons. Cytokine 2023; 169:156285. [PMID: 37393846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics had proved to be a godsend for mankind since their discovery. They were once the magical solution to the vexing problem of infection-related deaths. German scientist Paul Ehrlich had termed salvarsan as the silver bullet to treatsyphilis.As time passed, the magic of newly discovered silver bullets got tarnished with raging antibiotic resistance among bacteria and associated side-effects. Still, antibiotics remain the primary line of treatment for bacterial infections. Our understanding of their chemical and biological activities has increased immensely with advancement in the research field. Non-antibacterial effects of antibiotics are studied extensively to optimise their safer, broad-range use. These non-antibacterial effects could be both useful and harmful to us. Various researchers across the globe including our lab are studying the direct/indirect effects and molecular mechanisms behind these non-antibacterial effects of antibiotics. So, it is interesting for us to sum up the available literature. In this review, we have briefed the possible reason behind the non-antibacterial effects of antibiotics, owing to the endosymbiotic origin of host mitochondria. We further discuss the physiological and immunomodulatory effects of antibiotics. We then extend the review to discuss molecular mechanisms behind the plausible use of antibiotics as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Yadav
- Immunology Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Dhruvi Shah
- Immunology Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Parmeswar Dalai
- Immunology Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Reena Agrawal-Rajput
- Immunology Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, India.
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10
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Tufail M, Wu C. WNT5A: a double-edged sword in colorectal cancer progression. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2023; 792:108465. [PMID: 37495091 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway is known to play a crucial role in cancer, and WNT5A is a member of this pathway that binds to the Frizzled (FZD) and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Like Orphan Receptor (ROR) family members to activate non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways. The WNT5A pathway is involved in various cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion, and polarization. In the case of colorectal cancer (CRC), abnormal activation or inhibition of WNT5A signaling can lead to both oncogenic and antitumor effects. Moreover, WNT5A is associated with inflammation, metastasis, and altered metabolism in cancer cells. This article aims to discuss the molecular mechanisms and dual roles of WNT5A in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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11
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Abstract
The JAK signaling pathway plays a major role in the immunopathology of autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. JAK enzymes provide novel targets for rapidly effective inflammatory bowel disease therapy, particularly in ulcerative colitis. Upadacitinib is a targeted JAK1 inhibitor. In multiple phase III clinical trials, upadacitinib has demonstrated significant improvement in clinical and endoscopic outcomes and quality of life for patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. In this drug evaluation we describe the role of the JAK signaling pathway in ulcerative colitis, the mechanism of action of upadacitinib and the current clinical evidence for its use in ulcerative colitis; we also review its safety and tolerability, including for special populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A Jordan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter Dr Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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12
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Liu L, Li F, Shao T, Zhang L, Lee J, Dryden G, McClain CJ, Zhao C, Feng W. FGF21 Depletion Attenuates Colitis through Intestinal Epithelial IL-22-STAT3 Activation in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:2086. [PMID: 37432218 PMCID: PMC10181108 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a glucose and lipid metabolic regulator. Recent research revealed that FGF21 was also induced by inflammatory stimuli. Its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been investigated. In this study, an experimental IBD model was established in FGF21 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by adding 2.5% (wt/vol) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to their drinking water for 7 days. The severity of the colitis and the inflammation of the mouse colon tissues were analyzed. In WT mice, acute DSS treatment induced an elevation in plasma FGF21 and a significant loss of body weight in a time-dependent manner. Surprisingly, the loss of body weight and the severity of the colitis induced by DSS treatment in WT mice were significantly attenuated in FGF21 KO mice. Colon and circulating pro-inflammatory factors were significantly lower in the FGF21 KO mice compared to the WT mice. As shown by BrdU staining, the FGF21 KO mice demonstrated increased colonic epithelial cell proliferation. DSS treatment reduced intestinal Paneth cell and goblet cell numbers in the WT mice, and this effect was attenuated in the FGF21 KO mice. Mechanistically, FGF21 deficiency significantly increased the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells and increased the expression of IL-22. Further study showed that the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-2/3 (SOCS 2/3), a known feedback inhibitor of STAT3, was significantly inhibited in the DSS-treated FGF2 KO mice compared to the WT mice. We conclude that FGF21 deficiency attenuated the severity of DSS-induced acute colitis, which is likely mediated by enhancing the activation of the IL-22-STAT3 signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Fengyuan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Tuo Shao
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Gerald Dryden
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Craig J. McClain
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Wenke Feng
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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13
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Xu Z, Zhang Q, Ding C, Wen F, Sun F, Liu Y, Tao C, Yao J. Beneficial Effects of Hordenine on a Model of Ulcerative Colitis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062834. [PMID: 36985809 PMCID: PMC10054341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hordenine, a phenethylamine alkaloid, is found in a variety of plants and exhibits a broad array of biological activities and pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. However, the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of hordenine in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unclear. To address this, we examined the therapeutic effects of hordenine on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced UC by comparing disease activity index (DAI), colon length, secretion of inflammatory factors, and degree of colonic histological lesions across diseased mice that were and were not treated with hordenine. We found that hordenine significantly reduced DAI and levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and also alleviated colon tissue oedema, colonic lesions, inflammatory cells infiltration and decreased the number of goblet cells. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that hordenine protected intestinal epithelial barrier function by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins including ZO-1 and occludin, while also promoting the healing of intestinal mucosa. Using immunohistochemistry and western blotting, we demonstrated that hordenine reduced the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), and ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), and it inhibited the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) in colon tissues. Thus, hordenine appears to be effective in UC treatment owing to pharmacological mechanisms that favor mucosal healing and the inhibition of SPHK-1/S1PR1/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Qilian Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Ce Ding
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Feifei Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Fang Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Pharmacology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yanzhan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Chunxue Tao
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Jing Yao
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Pharmacology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
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14
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Jochum SB, Engen PA, Shaikh M, Naqib A, Wilber S, Raeisi S, Zhang L, Song S, Sanzo G, Chouhan V, Ko F, Post Z, Tran L, Ramirez V, Green SJ, Khazaie K, Hayden DM, Brown MJ, Voigt RM, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A, Swanson GR. Colonic Epithelial Circadian Disruption Worsens Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:444-457. [PMID: 36287037 PMCID: PMC9977234 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of central circadian rhythms likely mediated by changes in microbiota and a decrease in gut-derived metabolites like short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) negatively impacts colonic barrier homeostasis. We aimed to explore the effects of isolated peripheral colonic circadian disruption on the colonic barrier in a mouse model of colitis and explore the mechanisms, including intestinal microbiota community structure and function. METHODS Colon epithelial cell circadian rhythms were conditionally genetically disrupted in mice: TS4Cre-BMAL1lox (cBMAL1KO) with TS4Cre as control animals. Colitis was induced through 5 days of 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Disease activity index and intestinal barrier were assessed, as were fecal microbiota and metabolites. RESULTS Colitis symptoms were worse in mice with peripheral circadian disruption (cBMAL1KO). Specifically, the disease activity index and intestinal permeability were significantly higher in circadian-disrupted mice compared with control animals (TS4Cre) (P < .05). The worsening of colitis appears to be mediated, in part, through JAK (Janus kinase)-mediated STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), which was significantly elevated in circadian-disrupted (cBMAL1KO) mice treated with DSS (P < .05). Circadian-disrupted (cBMAL1KO) mice also had decreased SCFA metabolite concentrations and decreased relative abundances of SCFA-producing bacteria in their stool when compared with control animals (TS4Cre). CONCLUSIONS Disruption of intestinal circadian rhythms in colonic epithelial cells promoted more severe colitis, increased inflammatory mediators (STAT3 [signal transducer and activator of transcription 3]), and decreased gut microbiota-derived SCFAs compared with DSS alone. Further investigation elucidating the molecular mechanisms behind these findings could provide novel circadian directed targets and strategies in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Jochum
- Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Phillip A Engen
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maliha Shaikh
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ankur Naqib
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sherry Wilber
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shohreh Raeisi
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shiwen Song
- Department of Pathology, GoPath Global Pathology Service, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA
| | - Gabriella Sanzo
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vijit Chouhan
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frank Ko
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zoe Post
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura Tran
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vivian Ramirez
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefan J Green
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Dana M Hayden
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark J Brown
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robin M Voigt
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Garth R Swanson
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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15
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Wang Z, Lin D, Zhao Y, Liu H, Yang T, Li A. MiR-214 Expression Is Elevated in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Mucosa and Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Responses in Undifferentiated Human Nasal Epithelial Cell Culture. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2023:19458924231152683. [PMID: 36797977 DOI: 10.1177/19458924231152683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disorder of the upper airways. MicroRNAs (miRs) are reported to regulate several diverse physiological and pathological processes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the impact of miR-214 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation, and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) expression in human nasal epithelial cells. METHODS The expression of miR-214 was detected in CRS with polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without polyps (CRSsNP) tissues. Cells were treated with LPS and a miR-214 inhibitor. The level of miR-214 was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR). The inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF, and IL-1β) and MUC5AC production were determined by qRT-PCR and ELISA. MUC5AC protein level was detected using western blot. Similarly, we determined the relationship between miR-214 and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) using the Dual luciferase activity assay. RESULTS miR-214 was increased in CRSwNP and CRSsNP tissues. LPS triggered the expression of miR-214, while miR-214 inhibition diminished the level of miR-214. MiR-214 inhibition prevented LPS-mediated the production of inflammatory cytokines. LPS treatment augmented MUC5AC mRNA, protein levels, and secretion, whereas miR-214 loss inhibited MUC5AC production in the presence of LPS. SIRT1 is a direct target of miR-214. Impairing SIRT1 by siRNA (siSIRT1) or EX527 (a selective SIRT1 inhibitor) reversed the effects of miR-214 inhibitor on inflammation and MUC5AC expression. Furthermore, miR-214 depression inhibited the STAT3/GDF15 pathway via targeting SIRT1. Upregulation of STAT3 or GDF15 partly abolished the anti-inflammatory roles of miR-214 inhibitor. CONCLUSION Taken together, miR-214 regulates LPS-mediated inflammation and MUC5AC expression via targeting SIRT1, and STAT3/GDF15 may involve in the regulation of miR-214 inhibitor on inflammation and MUC5AC expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Quality Control, Shaanxi Geological and Mineral Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yang
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - An Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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16
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Min S, Than N, Shin YC, Hu G, Shin W, Ambrosini YM, Kim HJ. Live probiotic bacteria administered in a pathomimetic Leaky Gut Chip ameliorate impaired epithelial barrier and mucosal inflammation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22641. [PMID: 36587177 PMCID: PMC9805460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a pathomimetic Leaky Gut Chip that recapitulates increased epithelial permeability and intestinal inflammation to assess probiotic intervention as live biotherapeutics. We leveraged a mechanodynamic human gut-on-a-chip (Gut Chip) that recreates three-dimensional epithelial layers in a controlled oxygen gradient and biomechanical cues, where the addition of a cocktail of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β, reproducibly induced impaired epithelial barrier followed by intestinal inflammation. This inflamed leaky epithelium was not recovered for up to 3 days, although the cytokine treatment ceased. However, when probiotic bacteria, either Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or a multi-species mixture (VSL#3), were respectively administered on the leaky epithelium, bacterial cells colonized mucosal surface and significantly improved barrier function, enhanced the localization of tight junction proteins such as ZO-1 and occludin, and elevated mucus production. In addition, inflammatory markers, including p65, pSTAT3, and MYD88, that were highly expressed in the germ-free control were significantly reduced when probiotic bacteria were co-cultured in a Leaky Gut Chip. Probiotic treatment also significantly reduced the production of secretory pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hence, our pathomimetic Leaky Gut Chip may offer a translational strategy to dissect the therapeutic mechanism of live biotherapeutic products and validate their clinical potential by incorporating patient-derived organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoun Min
- grid.239578.20000 0001 0675 4725Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., NE3, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| | - Nam Than
- grid.239578.20000 0001 0675 4725Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., NE3, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA ,grid.89336.370000 0004 1936 9924Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Yong Cheol Shin
- grid.239578.20000 0001 0675 4725Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., NE3, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| | - Grace Hu
- grid.89336.370000 0004 1936 9924Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Woojung Shin
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Yoko M. Ambrosini
- grid.30064.310000 0001 2157 6568Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., NE3, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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17
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Ji Y, Yang Y, Sun S, Dai Z, Ren F, Wu Z. Insights into diet-associated oxidative pathomechanisms in inflammatory bowel disease and protective effects of functional amino acids. Nutr Rev 2022; 81:95-113. [PMID: 35703919 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a substantial rise in the incidence and prevalence of clinical patients presenting with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Accumulating evidence has corroborated the view that dietary factors (particularly diets with high levels of saturated fat or sugar) are involved in the development and progression of IBD, which is predominately associated with changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Notably, the ecological imbalance of the gut microbiome exacerbates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, leading to perturbations of the intestinal redox balance and immunity, as well as mucosal integrity. Recent findings have revealed that functional amino acids, including L-glutamine, glycine, L-arginine, L-histidine, L-tryptophan, and hydroxyproline, are effectively implicated in the maintenance of intestinal redox and immune homeostasis. These amino acids and their metabolites have oxygen free-radical scavenging and inflammation-relieving properties, and they participate in modulation of the microbial community and the metabolites in the gut. The principal focus of this article is a review of recent advances in the oxidative pathomechanisms of IBD development and progression in relation to dietary factors, with a particular emphasis on the redox and signal transduction mechanisms of host cells in response to unbalanced diets and enterobacteria. In addition, an update on current understanding of the protective effects of functional amino acids against IBD, together with the underlying mechanisms for this protection, have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ji
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,are with the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqiang Sun
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaChina
| | - Fazheng Ren
- are with the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,are with the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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18
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Jia DJC, Wang QW, Hu YY, He JM, Ge QW, Qi YD, Chen LY, Zhang Y, Fan LN, Lin YF, Sun Y, Jiang Y, Wang L, Fang YF, He HQ, Pi XE, Liu W, Chen SJ, Wang LJ. Lactobacillus johnsonii alleviates colitis by TLR1/2-STAT3 mediated CD206 + macrophages IL-10 activation. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2145843. [PMID: 36398889 PMCID: PMC9677986 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2145843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalance of gut microbiota homeostasis is related to the occurrence of ulcerative colitis (UC), and probiotics are thought to modulate immune microenvironment and repair barrier function. Here, in order to reveal the interaction between UC and gut microbiota, we screened a new probiotic strain by 16S rRNA sequencing from Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice, and explored the mechanism and clinical relevance. Lactobacillus johnsonii (L. johnsonii), as a potential anti-inflammatory bacterium was decreased colonization in colitis mice. Gavage L. johnsonii could alleviate colitis by specifically increasing the proportion of intestinal macrophages and the secretion of Il-10 with macrophages depleted model and in Il10-/- mice. We identified this subset of immune cells activated by L. johnsonii as CD206+ macrophagesIL-10. Mechanistically, L. johnsonii supplementation enhanced the mobilization of CD206+ macrophagesIL-10 through the activation of STAT3 in vivo and in vitro. In addition, we revealed that TLR1/2 was essential for the activation of STAT3 and the recognition of L. johnsonii by macrophages. Clinically, there was positive correlation between the abundance of L. johnsonii and the expression level of MRC1, IL10 and TLR1/2 in UC tissues. L. johnsonii could activate native macrophages into CD206+ macrophages and release IL-10 through TLR1/2-STAT3 pathway to relieve experimental colitis. L. johnsonii may serve as an immunomodulator and anti-inflammatory therapeutic target for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Jia-Cheng Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Wen Wang
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Hu
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Min He
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Wei Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Dong Qi
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Yi Chen
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Na Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Feng Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Fei Fang
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Qin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiong-E Pi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China,Wei Liu Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, China
| | - Shu-Jie Chen
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Shu-Jie Chen Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Liang-Jing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,CONTACT Liang-Jing Wang Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
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19
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Kaliyamoorthy V, Jacop JP, Thirugnanasambantham K, Ibrahim HIM, Kandhasamy S. The synergic impact of lignin and Lactobacillus plantarum on DSS-induced colitis model via regulating CD44 and miR 199a alliance. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:233. [PMID: 36222901 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03424-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic or recurrent immune system activation and inflammation inside the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Due to the lack of safety and efficacy of traditional medications, the use of food supplements for IBD management is on the rise. Numerous studies reported that, certain food supplements have a variety of therapeutic benefits for IBD. In the present study, a mouse model of IBD was used to the anti-colitis effects of lignin supplementation with Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on intestinal inflammation. The animal model was treated with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS), the illness index increased, and colon length and body weight declined, but these effects were reversed when lignin and L. plantarum treated groups. In addition, lignin and L. plantarum supplementation inhibited the DSS induced increase in levels of cytokines TNF-α (250 pg/mL), INF-γ (180 pg/mL), IL-1β (70 pg/mL) and TGF- β (72 pg/mL). Gene and protein expression study revealed that Lignin and L. plantarum supplementation restored the expression of E-cad and suppressed the expression of STAT3 in DSS induced colitis model. Lignin and L. plantarum supplementation also suppressed CD44 expression (1.2 fold) by up regulating the expression of miR199a (1 fold) over DSS induced colitis. Our study suggests that Lactobacillus, lignin, and their synergistic treatments have protective roles against inflammatory bowel disease through changes in inflammatory cytokines, and miR 199a expression in DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Kaliyamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chinna Kolambakkam, Padalam, Chengalpattu, Tamilnadu, 603308, India
| | - Justin Packia Jacop
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Josephs' College of Engineering, Sholinganallur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600119, India
| | - Krishnaraj Thirugnanasambantham
- Pondicherry Centre for Biological Sciences and Educational Trust, Pondicherry, 605004, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Hairul Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
- Pondicherry Centre for Biological Sciences and Educational Trust, Pondicherry, 605004, India.,Biology Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar Kandhasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chinna Kolambakkam, Padalam, Chengalpattu, Tamilnadu, 603308, India.
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20
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Thompson M, Gordon MG, Lu A, Tandon A, Halperin E, Gusev A, Ye CJ, Balliu B, Zaitlen N. Multi-context genetic modeling of transcriptional regulation resolves novel disease loci. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5704. [PMID: 36171194 PMCID: PMC9519579 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A majority of the variants identified in genome-wide association studies fall in non-coding regions of the genome, indicating their mechanism of impact is mediated via gene expression. Leveraging this hypothesis, transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have assisted in both the interpretation and discovery of additional genes associated with complex traits. However, existing methods for conducting TWAS do not take full advantage of the intra-individual correlation inherently present in multi-context expression studies and do not properly adjust for multiple testing across contexts. We introduce CONTENT-a computationally efficient method with proper cross-context false discovery correction that leverages correlation structure across contexts to improve power and generate context-specific and context-shared components of expression. We apply CONTENT to bulk multi-tissue and single-cell RNA-seq data sets and show that CONTENT leads to a 42% (bulk) and 110% (single cell) increase in the number of genetically predicted genes relative to previous approaches. We find the context-specific component of expression comprises 30% of heritability in tissue-level bulk data and 75% in single-cell data, consistent with cell-type heterogeneity in bulk tissue. In the context of TWAS, CONTENT increases the number of locus-phenotype associations discovered by over 51% relative to previous methods across 22 complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Thompson
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Mary Grace Gordon
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biological and Medical Informatics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Lu
- UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anchit Tandon
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi, India
| | - Eran Halperin
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, US
| | - Chun Jimmie Ye
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brunilda Balliu
- Department of Computational Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noah Zaitlen
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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21
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JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway in Non-Infectious Uveitis. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115236. [PMID: 36041544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) refers to various intraocular inflammatory disorders responsible for severe visual loss. Cytokines participate in the regulation of ocular homeostasis and NIU pathological processes. Cytokine receptors transmit signals by activating Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins. Increasing evidence from human NIU and experimental models reveals the involvement of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in NIU pathogenesis. Several small-molecule drugs that potentially inhibit multiple cytokine-dependent pathways are under investigation for treating autoimmune diseases, implicating possible applications for NIU treatment. This review summarizes the current understanding of the diverse roles of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in ocular homeostasis and NIU pathology, providing a rationale for targeting JAKs and STATs for NIU treatment. Moreover, available evidence for the safety and efficacy of JAK inhibitors for refractory uveitis and potential approaches for treatment optimization are discussed.
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22
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Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy-A Search for Potential Biomarkers. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131645. [PMID: 35804545 PMCID: PMC9264988 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is a chronic disease affecting the small or large intestine and, in some cases, the stomach of dogs. This gastrointestinal disorder is common and is characterized by recurrent vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss in affected dogs. The pathogenesis of IBD is not completely understood. Similar to human IBD, potential disease factors include genetics, environmental exposures, and dysregulation of the microbiota and the immune response. Some important components of the innate and adaptive immune response involved in CIE pathogenesis have been described. However, the immunopathogenesis of the disease has not been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarized the literature associated with the different cell types and molecules involved in the immunopathogenesis of CIE, with the aim of advancing the search for biomarkers with possible diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility. Abstract Canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is one of the most common chronic gastrointestinal diseases affecting dogs worldwide. Genetic and environmental factors, as well as intestinal microbiota and dysregulated host immune responses, participate in this multifactorial disease. Despite advances explaining the immunological and molecular mechanisms involved in CIE development, the exact pathogenesis is still unknown. This review compiles the latest reports and advances that describe the main molecular and cellular mechanisms of both the innate and adaptive immune responses involved in canine CIE pathogenesis. Future studies should focus research on the characterization of the immunopathogenesis of canine CIE in order to advance the establishment of biomarkers and molecular targets of diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility.
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23
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Lv T, Ye X, Jian Z, Zhong Z, Zhang C, Yi C, Yu B. Oxyresveratrol Reduces the Migration of Human Osteosarcoma Cell U2OS via Attenuating STAT3 Activation. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor with high metastatic properties that are associated with increased mortality and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective treatment for metastatic osteosarcoma. Oxyresveratrol (ORES), derived from mulberry twigs and fruits, has antitumor effects. However, it remains unknown whether ORES inhibits osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we determined the inhibitory effect of ORES on osteosarcoma metastasis. Key Findings: ORES attenuated the migration of U2OS cells, dose-dependently increased E-cadherin expression, and reduced N-cadherin expression in U2OS cells, indicating that ORES can inhibit epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, ORES inhibited the expression of Twist, which is associated with the downregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation. IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation rescues the inhibitory effect of ORES on U2OS metastasis. Summary: Our results indicate that ORES is a potential therapeutic agent for metastatic osteosarcoma. ORES inhibits osteosarcoma cell migration by reducing EMT formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lv
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiuzhang Ye
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen Jian
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zeyuan Zhong
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chongjing Zhang
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chengqing Yi
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Baoqing Yu
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
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24
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Ray MK, Fenton CG, Paulssen RH. Novel long non-coding RNAs of relevance for ulcerative colitis pathogenesis. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:40-47. [PMID: 35224318 PMCID: PMC8844606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The study aimed to identify yet unknown and uncharacterized long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in treatment-naïve ulcerative colitis (UC), and to define their possible roles in UC pathogenesis. For that purpose, accurate quantification methods for lncRNA transcript detection, multiple and "stringent" strategies were applied. New insights in the regulation of functional genes and pathways of relevance for UC through expression of lncRNAs are expected. METHODS The study was based on sequencing data derived from a data set consisting of treatment-naïve UC patients (n = 14) and control subjects (n = 16). Two complementary aligners were used to identify lncRNAs. Several different steps were used to validate differential expression including plotting the reads over the annotation for manual inspection. To help determine potential lncRNA involvement in biological processes, KEGG pathway enrichment was done on protein-coding genes which co-expressed with the lncRNAs. RESULTS A total of 99 lncRNAs were identified in UC. The lncRNAs which were not previously characterized (n = 15) in UC or other autoimmune diseases were selected for down-stream analysis. In total, 602 protein-coding genes correlated with the uncharacterized lncRNAs. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed involvement of lncRNAs in two significantly enriched pathways, lipid and atherosclerosis, and T-cell receptor signaling. CONCLUSION This study identified a set of 15 yet uncharacterized lncRNAs which may be of importance for UC pathogenesis. These lncRNAs may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers and might be of use for the development of UC treatment strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithlesh Kumar Ray
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christopher G. Fenton
- Genomic Support Centre Tromsø (GSCT), Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ruth H. Paulssen
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Genomic Support Centre Tromsø (GSCT), Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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25
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Abstract
Living a healthy lifestyle is the most important need in the world today. However, oxidative stress (OS) is caused by several stress-inducing factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, chronic diseases, and inflammatory responses, oxygen-free radicals are produced in excess and can damage major organs in the body. This phenomenon has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, including gastritis, constipation, and inflammatory bowel diseases, which include Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, functional dyspepsia, acid reflux, diverticular disease, and irritable bowel syndrome. In this review article, we provide a brief overview of the role of OS in the pathogenesis of GI disorders. Additionally, we discuss the therapeutic role of alkaline-reduced water (ARW) on GI diseases and existing studies on ARW related to GI diseases. Furthermore, we believe that findings from this review article will enhance the knowledge of the readers on the role of ARW on OS and inflammation-based GI diseases.
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26
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Li D, Liang Y, Lu J, Tan Y. An alternative splicing signature in human Crohn's disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:420. [PMID: 34749666 PMCID: PMC8573860 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-02001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hundreds of risk loci for Crohn's disease (CD) have been identified, the underlying pathogenesis of CD remains unclear. Recently, evidence has shown that aberrant gene expression in colon tissues of CD patients is associated with the progression of CD. We reasoned that post-transcriptional regulation, especially alternative splicing (AS), may also play important roles in the pathogenesis of CD. METHODS We re-analyzed public mRNA-seq data from the NCBI GEO dataset (GSE66207) and identified approximately 3000 unique AS events in CD patients compared to healthy controls. RESULTS "Lysine degradation" and "Sphingolipid metabolism" were the two most enriched AS events in CD patients. In a validation study, we also sequenced eight subjects and demonstrated that key genes that were previously linked to CD, such as IRF1 and STAT3, also had significant AS events in CD. CONCLUSION Our study provided a landscape of AS events in CD, especially as the first study focused on a Chinese cohort. Our data suggest that dysregulation of AS may be a new mechanism that contributes to the pathogenesis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daowei Li
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of China Medical University and The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, No. 33, Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuanzi Liang
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of China Medical University and The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, No. 33, Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jia Lu
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of China Medical University and The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, No. 33, Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yue Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, China.
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27
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Chan BD, Wong WY, Lee MML, Leung TW, Shum TY, Cho WCS, Chen S, Tai WCS. Centipeda minima Extract Attenuates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting Macrophage Activation and Monocyte Chemotaxis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:738139. [PMID: 34616300 PMCID: PMC8489405 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.738139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract. IBD is characterized by courses of relapse and remission, and remains incurable. Although multiple factors are related to the pathogenesis of IBD, disruption of intestinal mucosa homeostasis has been proposed to be a major contributor to IBD, and abnormal activation of immune cells is key for initiation of the inflammatory response. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the intestine. Once activated, they are responsible for secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to attract circulating monocytes to inflammatory sites, exacerbating the inflammatory response, and leading to tissue damage. Therefore, the suppression of activated macrophages, cytokine/chemokine production, and subsequent monocyte chemotaxis possesses great potential for the treatment of IBD. In our study, we have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of Centipeda minima total extract (CME) on the activation of NF-κB, STAT3, and MAPK signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, we identified the significant suppressive effect of CME on CCL8 expression in activated macrophages, which potentially contributed to inhibition of monocyte chemotaxis. In the DSS-induced acute colitis mouse model, we have demonstrated the suppressive effect of CME on intestinal macrophage infiltration and its ameliorative effect in IBD. Altogether, we have provided evidence of the therapeutic effect of CME in IBD and the potential of CME for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Dow Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Wing-Yan Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Magnolia Muk-Lan Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Tsz-Wing Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Tan-Yu Shum
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - William Chi-Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Sibao Chen
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China.,State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - William Chi-Shing Tai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China.,State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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28
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Role of MicroRNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Clinical Evidence and the Development of Preclinical Animal Models. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092204. [PMID: 34571853 PMCID: PMC8468560 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) is implicated in cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular disorders, drug resistance, and aging. While most researchers study miRNA's role as a biomarker, for example, to distinguish between various sub-forms or stages of a given disease of interest, research is also ongoing to utilize these small nucleic acids as therapeutics. An example of a common pleiotropic disease that could benefit from miRNA-based therapeutics is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the small and large intestines. Due to complex interactions between multiple factors in the etiology of IBD, development of therapies that effectively maintain remission for this disease is a significant challenge. In this review, we discuss the role of dysregulated miRNA expression in the context of clinical ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)-the two main forms of IBD-and the various preclinical mouse models of IBD utilized to validate the therapeutic potential of targeting these miRNA. Additionally, we highlight advances in the development of genetically engineered animal models that recapitulate clinical miRNA expression and provide powerful preclinical models to assess the diagnostic and therapeutic promise of miRNA in IBD.
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Ko J, Kim JY, Kim BR, Lee EJ, Kikkawa DO, Yoon JS. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 as a potential therapeutic target for Graves' orbitopathy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 534:111363. [PMID: 34116129 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The roles of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in inflammation, oxidative stress, and adipogenesis during Graves' orbitopathy (GO) are incompletely understood. Here, STAT3 expression in orbital tissues (from individuals with GO and healthy control subjects) was studied, and the role of STAT3 in GO pathogenesis was examined through small-interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing in primary orbital fibroblasts. STAT3 mRNA expression was higher in GO orbital tissues than in non-GO tissues. Treatment with proinflammatory cytokines, thyroid-stimulating hormone, or insulin-like growth factor-1 induced STAT3 mRNA in GO orbital fibroblasts, but not in non-GO cells. STAT3 silencing inhibited interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-induced haem oxygenase-1 expression. STAT3 siRNA-transfected GO orbital fibroblasts showed decreased adipocyte differentiation. STAT3 affected proinflammatory cytokine production, oxidative stress responses, and adipogenesis in an in vitro model of GO, suggesting that STAT3 mediates GO pathology, and that modulating STAT3 expression may have therapeutic potential against GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeSang Ko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Don O Kikkawa
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, CA 95093, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 95093, USA
| | - Jin Sook Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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30
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Manz A, Allenspach K, Kummer S, Richter B, Walter I, Macho-Maschler S, Tichy A, Burgener IA, Luckschander-Zeller N. Upregulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathies. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:1288-1296. [PMID: 33955083 PMCID: PMC8163116 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans, phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) is upregulated in mucosal epithelial cells and correlates with clinical severity. Hypothesis/Objective To investigate the expression pattern of pSTAT3 in the mucosa of dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) and explore correlations between its expression and clinical and histopathological severity scoring. Animals Twenty‐eight canine CIE patients grouped into food‐responsive enteropathy (FRE; 9), steroid‐responsive enteropathy (SRE; 10), and protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE; 9). Ten healthy beagle dogs served as controls (CO). Methods Retrospective case control study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect pSTAT3 in canine duodenal mucosa samples. Results Compared to CO, SRE (P < .001) and PLE (P < .001) dogs had significantly higher pSTAT3 expression in the villus epithelium. The SRE group had a significantly higher expression in the villus lamina propria (VLP) compared to controls (P = .009). In the crypt epithelium (CE), all CIE dogs had significantly higher pSTAT3 expression (FRE, P = .002; SRE, P = .003; PLE, P < .001) compared to CO. In the lamina propria crypt region (CLP), dogs with FRE (P = .04) and SRE (P = .03) had significantly upregulated pSTAT3 compared to controls. A positive correlation was found between canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI) scoring and pSTAT3 expression for both epithelial (rho = .541; P < .001) and crypt regions (rho = .32; P = .02). Conclusions and Clinical Importance pSTAT3 is upregulated in CIE in dogs, correlates with clinical severity, and may be helpful as a clinical marker in dogs with CIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Manz
- Internal Medicine, Clinic for Small Animals, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Allenspach
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Stefan Kummer
- Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Richter
- Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Walter
- VetCore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Macho-Maschler
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Tichy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iwan A Burgener
- Internal Medicine, Clinic for Small Animals, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Luckschander-Zeller
- Internal Medicine, Clinic for Small Animals, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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31
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Bocchetti M, Ferraro MG, Ricciardiello F, Ottaiano A, Luce A, Cossu AM, Scrima M, Leung WY, Abate M, Stiuso P, Caraglia M, Zappavigna S, Yau TO. The Role of microRNAs in Development of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083967. [PMID: 33921348 PMCID: PMC8068787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most deadly cancer worldwide, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the critical factors in CRC carcinogenesis. IBD is responsible for an unphysiological and sustained chronic inflammation environment favoring the transformation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a class of highly conserved short single-stranded segments (18-25 nucleotides) non-coding RNA and have been extensively discussed in both CRC and IBD. However, the role of miRNAs in the development of colitis-associated CRC (CAC) is less clear. The aim of this review is to summarize the major upregulated (miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-21, miR-31, miR-155 and miR-214) and downregulated (miR-124, miR-193a-3p and miR-139-5p) miRNAs in CAC, and their roles in genes' expression modulation in chronic colonic-inflammation-induced carcinogenesis, including programmed cell-death pathways. These miRNAs dysregulation could be applied for early CAC diagnosis, to predict therapy efficacy and for precision treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bocchetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (M.C.)
- Biogem Scarl, Molecular Oncology and Precision Medicine Laboratory, via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Ferraro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | | | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Amalia Luce
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (M.C.)
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Alessia Maria Cossu
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (M.C.)
- Biogem Scarl, Molecular Oncology and Precision Medicine Laboratory, via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Marianna Scrima
- Biogem Scarl, Molecular Oncology and Precision Medicine Laboratory, via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Wing-Yan Leung
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Marianna Abate
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Paola Stiuso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (M.C.)
- Biogem Scarl, Molecular Oncology and Precision Medicine Laboratory, via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.C.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (T.O.Y.)
| | - Tung On Yau
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (T.O.Y.)
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32
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Elhennawy MG, Abdelaleem EA, Zaki AA, Mohamed WR. Cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin attenuate TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis in rats through modulation of the JAk2/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22730. [PMID: 33522063 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder with a negative impact on the life quality of patients. Cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin were chosen due to their antioxidants and anti-inflammatory effects. This study explored the protective effects of cinnamaldehyde (40 and 90 mg/kg, po) and hesperetin (50 and 100 mg/kg, po) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin significantly improved macroscopic and histopathological examinations with a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. They significantly reduced colon oxidative stress by a significant elevation in both reduced glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity with a significant reduction of NO content. Furthermore, cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin alleviated the inflammatory injury by a significant reduction in interleukin-6 along with suppression of nuclear factor-κB, receptor for advanced glycation end products, and tumor necrosis factor-α expression. Moreover, cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin significantly decreased p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 while significantly increased suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) protein expression. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin counteracted TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties as well as modulation of the JAk2/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eglal A Abdelaleem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amal A Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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33
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Kudelka MR, Stowell SR, Cummings RD, Neish AS. Intestinal epithelial glycosylation in homeostasis and gut microbiota interactions in IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:597-617. [PMID: 32710014 PMCID: PMC8211394 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-020-0331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects 6.8 million people globally. A variety of factors have been implicated in IBD pathogenesis, including host genetics, immune dysregulation and gut microbiota alterations. Emerging evidence implicates intestinal epithelial glycosylation as an underappreciated process that interfaces with these three factors. IBD is associated with increased expression of truncated O-glycans as well as altered expression of terminal glycan structures. IBD genes, glycosyltransferase mislocalization, altered glycosyltransferase and glycosidase expression and dysbiosis drive changes in the glycome. These glycan changes disrupt the mucus layer, glycan-lectin interactions, host-microorganism interactions and mucosal immunity, and ultimately contribute to IBD pathogenesis. Epithelial glycans are especially critical in regulating the gut microbiota through providing bacterial ligands and nutrients and ultimately determining the spatial organization of the gut microbiota. In this Review, we discuss the regulation of intestinal epithelial glycosylation, altered epithelial glycosylation in IBD and mechanisms for how these alterations contribute to disease pathobiology. We hope that this Review provides a foundation for future studies on IBD glycosylation and the emergence of glycan-inspired therapies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kudelka
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew S Neish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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34
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Park SB, Choi BI, Lee BJ, Kim NJ, Jeong YA, Joo MK, Kim HJ, Park JJ, Kim JS, Noh YS, Lee HJ. Intestinal Epithelial Deletion of Sphk1 Prevents Colitis-Associated Cancer Development by Inhibition of Epithelial STAT3 Activation. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2284-2293. [PMID: 31776862 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is one of the most serious complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) is a key enzyme in the sphingolipid pathway and has oncogene potential for inducing both initiation and progression of tumors. The aim of this work is to characterize the role of epithelial Sphk1 in mouse colitis and CAC models. METHODS We investigated the roles of Sphk1 in CAC by conditional deletion of Sphk1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). RESULTS CAC was induced in both Sphk1ΔIEC/ApcMin/+ and Sphk1IEC/ApcMin/+ mice by administration of 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days. Genetic deletion of Sphk1 significantly reduced the number and size of tumors in ApcMin/+ mice. Histologic grade was more severe in Sphk1ΔIEC/ApcMin/+ mice compared with Sphk1IEC/ApcMin/+ mice (invasive carcinoma, 71% versus 13%, p < 0.05). Deletion of Sphk1 decreased mucosal proliferation and inhibited STAT3 activation and genetic expression of cyclin D1 and cMyc in tumor cells. Conditional deletion of Sphk1 using CRISPR-Cas9 in HCT 116 cells inhibited interleukin (IL)-6-mediated STAT3 activation. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial conditional deletion of Sphk1 inhibits CAC in ApcMin/+-DSS models in mice by inhibiting STAT3 activation and its target signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Bin Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Il Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Jae Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Nam Joo Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon A Jeong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Kyung Joo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Jae Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Seon Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Noh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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35
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Gharibi T, Babaloo Z, Hosseini A, Abdollahpour-alitappeh M, Hashemi V, Marofi F, Nejati K, Baradaran B. Targeting STAT3 in cancer and autoimmune diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 878:173107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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36
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Salas A, Hernandez-Rocha C, Duijvestein M, Faubion W, McGovern D, Vermeire S, Vetrano S, Vande Casteele N. JAK-STAT pathway targeting for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:323-337. [PMID: 32203403 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-020-0273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are involved in intestinal homeostasis and pathological processes associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The biological effects of cytokines, including several involved in the pathology of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, occur as a result of receptor-mediated signalling through the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) DNA-binding families of proteins. Although therapies targeting cytokines have revolutionized IBD therapy, they have historically targeted individual cytokines, and an unmet medical need exists for patients who do not respond to or lose response to these treatments. Several small-molecule inhibitors of JAKs that have the potential to affect multiple pro-inflammatory cytokine-dependent pathways are in clinical development for the treatment of IBD, with one agent, tofacitinib, already approved for ulcerative colitis and several other agents with demonstrated efficacy in early phase trials. This Review describes the current understanding of JAK-STAT signalling in intestinal homeostasis and disease and the rationale for targeting this pathway as a treatment for IBD. The available evidence for the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of JAK inhibitors in IBD as well as the potential approaches to optimize treatment with these agents, such as localized delivery or combination therapy, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azucena Salas
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Hernandez-Rocha
- Zane Cohen Center for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marjolijn Duijvestein
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - William Faubion
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Dermot McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Severine Vermeire
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefania Vetrano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IBD Center, Laboratory of Immunology in Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Niels Vande Casteele
- Robarts Clinical Trials, London, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Immunological Mechanisms in Inflammation-Associated Colon Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093062. [PMID: 32357539 PMCID: PMC7247693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases are at an increased risk of developing colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Chronic inflammation positively correlates with tumorigenesis. Similarly, the cumulative rate of incidence of developing CAC increases with prolonged colon inflammation. Immune signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and IL-23/T helper 17 cell (Th17), have been shown to promote CAC tumorigenesis. In addition, gut microbiota contributes to the development and progression of CAC. This review summarizes the signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis following colon inflammation to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms in CAC tumorigenesis.
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38
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Bauché D, Joyce-Shaikh B, Fong J, Villarino AV, Ku KS, Jain R, Lee YC, Annamalai L, Yearley JH, Cua DJ. IL-23 and IL-2 activation of STAT5 is required for optimal IL-22 production in ILC3s during colitis. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:eaav1080. [PMID: 32332067 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aav1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins have critical roles in the development and function of immune cells. STAT signaling is often dysregulated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suggesting the importance of STAT regulation during the disease process. Moreover, genetic alterations in STAT3 and STAT5 (e.g., deletions, mutations, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms) are associated with an increased risk for IBD. In this study, we elucidated the precise roles of STAT5 signaling in group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), a key subset of immune cells involved in the maintenance of gut barrier integrity. We show that mice lacking either STAT5a or STAT5b are more susceptible to Citrobacter rodentium-mediated colitis and that interleukin-2 (IL-2)- and IL-23-induced STAT5 drives IL-22 production in both mouse and human colonic lamina propria ILC3s. Mechanistically, IL-23 induces a STAT3-STAT5 complex that binds IL-22 promoter DNA elements in ILC3s. Our data suggest that STAT5a/b signaling in ILC3s maintains gut epithelial integrity during pathogen-induced intestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bauché
- Merck & Co. Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104, USA
| | | | - Julie Fong
- Merck & Co. Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104, USA
| | - Alejandro V Villarino
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Karin S Ku
- Merck & Co. Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104, USA
| | - Renu Jain
- Merck & Co. Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104, USA
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Merck & Co. Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104, USA
| | | | - Jennifer H Yearley
- Merck & Co. Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104, USA
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Viau A, Baaziz M, Aka A, Mazloum M, Nguyen C, Kuehn EW, Terzi F, Bienaimé F. Tubular STAT3 Limits Renal Inflammation in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:1035-1049. [PMID: 32238474 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019090959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inactivation of the ciliary proteins polycystin 1 or polycystin 2 leads to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Although signaling by primary cilia and interstitial inflammation both play a critical role in the disease, the reciprocal interactions between immune and tubular cells are not well characterized. The transcription factor STAT3, a component of the cilia proteome that is involved in crosstalk between immune and nonimmune cells in various tissues, has been suggested as a factor fueling ADPKD progression. METHOD To explore how STAT3 intersects with cilia signaling, renal inflammation, and cyst growth, we used conditional murine models involving postdevelopmental ablation of Pkd1, Stat3, and cilia, as well as cultures of cilia-deficient or STAT3-deficient tubular cell lines. RESULTS Our findings indicate that, although primary cilia directly modulate STAT3 activation in vitro, the bulk of STAT3 activation in polycystic kidneys occurs through an indirect mechanism in which primary cilia trigger macrophage recruitment to the kidney, which in turn promotes Stat3 activation. Surprisingly, although inactivating Stat3 in Pkd1-deficient tubules slightly reduced cyst burden, it resulted in a massive infiltration of the cystic kidneys by macrophages and T cells, precluding any improvement of kidney function. We also found that Stat3 inactivation led to increased expression of the inflammatory chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10 in polycystic kidneys and cultured tubular cells. CONCLUSIONS STAT3 appears to repress the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and restrict immune cell infiltration in ADPKD. Our findings suggest that STAT3 is not a critical driver of cyst growth in ADPKD but rather plays a major role in the crosstalk between immune and tubular cells that shapes disease expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Viau
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Maroua Baaziz
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Aka
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Manal Mazloum
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Clément Nguyen
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - E Wolfgang Kuehn
- Renal Department, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabiola Terzi
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Frank Bienaimé
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France .,Paris University, Paris, France.,Department of Physiology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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40
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Zivkovic PM, Matetic A, Tadin Hadjina I, Rusic D, Vilovic M, Supe-Domic D, Borovac JA, Mudnic I, Tonkic A, Bozic J. Serum Catestatin Levels and Arterial Stiffness Parameters Are Increased in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030628. [PMID: 32110996 PMCID: PMC7141110 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Catestatin (CST) is an important peptide in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory disorders. However, clinical studies on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are lacking. Our goal was to investigate CST concentrations in IBD patients compared to healthy subjects. Additionally, we aimed to determine arterial stiffness parameters in relation to CST. This cross-sectional study compared 80 IBD patients (45 Crohn's disease (CD) and 35 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients) with 75 control subjects. Serum CST levels were significantly higher in the IBD group compared to control subjects (11.29 ± 9.14 vs. 7.13 ± 6.08 ng/mL, p = 0.001) and in the UC group compared to CD patients (13.50 ± 9.58 vs. 9.03 ± 6.92 ng/mL, p = 0.021), irrespective of age and BMI. IBD patients exhibited significantly higher values of heart rate adjusted central augmentation index (cAIx-75) (14.88 ± 10.59 vs. 6.87 ± 9.50 %, p < 0.001) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) (8.06 ± 3.23 vs. 6.42 ± 1.47 m/s, p < 0.001) compared to control group. Furthermore, PWV was the only significant independent correlate of CST (B = 1.20, t = 4.15, p < 0.001), while CST, PWV, cAIx-75, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and BMI were significant predictors of positive IBD status (1.089 (1.022-1.161), 1.515 (1.166-1.968), 1.060 (1.024-1.097), 1.458 (1.116-1.906), 0.793 (0.683-0.920), respectively). Serum CST levels were significantly higher in IBD patients compared to controls and an independent positive correlation of CST with PWV existed. Therefore, it is possible that CST could have a role in the complex pathophysiology of IBD and its cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Marin Zivkovic
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (P.M.Z.); (I.T.H.); (A.T.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.M.); (M.V.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Andrija Matetic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.M.); (M.V.); (J.A.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Tadin Hadjina
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (P.M.Z.); (I.T.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Doris Rusic
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Marino Vilovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.M.); (M.V.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Daniela Supe-Domic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Josip Andelo Borovac
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.M.); (M.V.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Ivana Mudnic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ante Tonkic
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (P.M.Z.); (I.T.H.); (A.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.M.); (M.V.); (J.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-21-557-871; Fax: +385-21-557-905
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Xu J, Wu L, Yu P, Sun Y, Lu Y. Effect of T. spiralis Serine protease inhibitors on TNBS-induced experimental colitis mediated by Macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3147. [PMID: 32081954 PMCID: PMC7035329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease with increasing incidence rate, and divided into ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). And more and more experimental evidence supports that immune disorder is important in the pathogenesis of IBD. Our previous experiments have confirmed that TsKaSPI and TsAdSPI recombinant proteins could relieve TNBS (2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution)-induced colitis. Therefore, we speculate that macrophages play a certain role in the process of recombinant protein relieving colitis. In this experiment, 96 male BALB/c mice aged 6–8 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: the prevention group and the therapy group. Changes of the ratio of M1/M2 phenotypic macrophages in spleens and MLNs, key factors in the IL-33/ST2 and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were detected. The purpose is to analyze the specific role played by macrophages and their secreted cytokines in the immunomodulation of colitis by Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) Serine protease inhibitors. The results showed that the percentage of M1 phenotypic macrophages was decreased and M2 phenotypic macrophages was increased in the TsKaSPI + TNBS, TsAdSPI + TNBS group compared with the PBS + TNBS group in the prevention group. Meanwhile, the expression of IL-33 and ST2 were significantly decreased. The key factors of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were all significantly increased. In addition, in the therapy group, we found similar results. This experiment demonstrated that macrophages have a certain impact during this process of recombinant protein relieving mouse CD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lijia Wu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yichun Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yixin Lu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Kim M, Chung KS, Hwang SJ, Yoon YS, Jang YP, Lee JK, Lee KT. Protective Effect of Cicer arietinum L. (Chickpea) Ethanol Extract in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020456. [PMID: 32059355 PMCID: PMC7071501 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a major risk factor of colorectal cancer. Drugs currently used for IBD exhibit adverse effects including vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea. Naturally derived novel alternative therapies are required to overcome these limitations. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of ethanol extract of Cicer arietinum (CEE) in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse model of colitis. CEE markedly improved DSS-induced clinical symptoms and histological status, such as the disease activity index, spleen weight, and colon length. Moreover, CEE-treated mice showed significant recovery of DSS-induced crypt damage and cell death. CEE suppressed myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and macrophage marker F4/80 mRNA expression in colonic tissue of mice with DSS-induced colitis, indicating neutrophil infiltration and macrophage accumulation, respectively. Although DSS upregulated pro-inflammatory mediators and activated transcription factors, CEE downregulated the mRNA expression of cytokines including interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, as well as activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Hence, our findings reveal that the anti-inflammatory properties of CEE, involving the downregulation of the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators by inactivating NF-κB and STAT3 in DSS-induced colitis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular and Neurologic Disease (Stroke Center), College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (K.-S.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Se-Jung Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (K.-S.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Ye Seul Yoon
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Young Pyo Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (K.-S.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-0860; Fax: +82-2-966-3885
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43
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Arkteg CB, Goll R, Gundersen MD, Anderssen E, Fenton C, Florholmen J. Mucosal gene transcription of ulcerative colitis in endoscopic remission. Scand J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:139-147. [PMID: 31918598 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1710245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aim/Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. In UC, a wide range of criteria are used for disease remission, with few studies investigating the differences between disease remission and normal control groups. This paper compares known inflammatory and healing mediators in the mucosa of UC in clinical remission and normal controls, in order to better describe the remission state.Method: Mucosal biopsies from 72 study participants (48 UC and 24 normal controls) were included from the Advanced Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ASIB Study), Arctic University of Norway, Norway. Clinical remission was defined as Mayo clinical score ≤ 2, with endoscopic subscores of ≤ 1. Targeted gene transcription analyses were performed using hydrolysis probes and SYBR-green.Results: Among the mucosal transcripts examined, 10 genes were regulated in remission versus normal controls, 8 upregulated pro-inflammatory transcripts (IL1B, IL33, TNF, TRAF1, CLDN2, STAT1, STAT3 and IL13Ra2) and 2 downregulated (pro-inflammatory TBX21 and anti-inflammatory TGFB1). In total, 14 transcripts were regulated between the investigated groups. Several master transcription factors for T-cell development were upregulated in patients with Mayo endoscopic score of 1 in comparison to 0.Conclusions: The mucosa of UC in clinical and endoscopic remission differs from normal mucosa, suggesting a remaining dysregulation of inflammatory and wound healing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Børde Arkteg
- Research Group Gastroenterology Nutrition, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rasmus Goll
- Research Group Gastroenterology Nutrition, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mona Dixon Gundersen
- Research Group Gastroenterology Nutrition, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Endre Anderssen
- Research Group Gastroenterology Nutrition, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christopher Fenton
- Research Group Gastroenterology Nutrition, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jon Florholmen
- Research Group Gastroenterology Nutrition, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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44
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Zeng Z, Mukherjee A, Zhang H. From Genetics to Epigenetics, Roles of Epigenetics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Genet 2019; 10:1017. [PMID: 31737035 PMCID: PMC6834788 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a destructive, recurrent, and heterogeneous disease. Its detailed pathogenesis is still unclear, although available evidence supports that IBD is caused by a complex interplay between genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and aberrant immune responses. Recent breakthroughs with regard to its genetics have offered valuable insights into the sophisticated genetic basis, but the identified genetic factors only explain a small part of overall disease variance. It is becoming increasingly apparent that epigenetic factors can mediate the interaction between genetics and environment, and play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of IBD. This review outlines recent genetic and epigenetic discoveries in IBD, with a focus on the roles of epigenetics in disease susceptibility, activity, behavior and colorectal cancer (CRC), and their potential translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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45
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Gadd45β promotes regeneration after injury through TGFβ-dependent restitution in experimental colitis. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-14. [PMID: 31666502 PMCID: PMC6821912 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated immune responses and impaired function in intestinal epithelial cells contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 beta (Gadd45β) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory symptoms. However, the role of Gadd45β in IBD is completely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Gadd45β in IBD. Gadd45β-KO mice exhibited drastically greater susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and mortality than C57BL/6J mice. Bone marrow transplantation experiments revealed that Gadd45β functions predominantly in the intestinal epithelium and is critical during the recovery phase. Gadd45β regulates the TGF-β signaling pathway in colon tissue and epithelial cells by inhibiting Smurf-mediated degradation of TGF-β receptor type 1 via competitive binding to the N-terminal domain of Smad7. Furthermore, these results indicate that the Gadd45β-regulated TGF-β signaling pathway is involved in wound healing by enhancing epithelial restitution. These results expand the current understanding of the function of Gadd45β and its therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis. A signaling molecule that prevents inflammatory damage in an animal model of ulcerative colitis offers a promising therapeutic target. The molecular drivers of this form of inflammatory bowel disease remain poorly understood, but the associated damage to the intestinal epithelium is primarily due to uncontrolled immune cell activity. Jung Hwan Hwang of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, and coworkers have now demonstrated that a protein called Gadd45β helps to reduce inflammatory damage to the epithelial barrier. They showed that a mouse model of chemically induced ulcerative colitis exhibited more severe disease symptoms and higher mortality when these animals also lacked Gadd45β. This protein is generally known to modulate immune cell activity response, but in this disease model, the authors primarily observed activity within intestinal epithelial cells, where it appears to facilitate wound healing.
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46
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Logotheti S, Pützer BM. STAT3 and STAT5 Targeting for Simultaneous Management of Melanoma and Autoimmune Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101448. [PMID: 31569642 PMCID: PMC6826843 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a skin cancer which can become metastatic, drug-refractory, and lethal if managed late or inappropriately. An increasing number of melanoma patients exhibits autoimmune diseases, either as pre-existing conditions or as sequelae of immune-based anti-melanoma therapies, which complicate patient management and raise the need for more personalized treatments. STAT3 and/or STAT5 cascades are commonly activated during melanoma progression and mediate the metastatic effects of key oncogenic factors. Deactivation of these cascades enhances antitumor-immune responses, is efficient against metastatic melanoma in the preclinical setting and emerges as a promising targeting strategy, especially for patients resistant to immunotherapies. In the light of the recent realization that cancer and autoimmune diseases share common mechanisms of immune dysregulation, we suggest that the systemic delivery of STAT3 or STAT5 inhibitors could simultaneously target both, melanoma and associated autoimmune diseases, thereby decreasing the overall disease burden and improving quality of life of this patient subpopulation. Herein, we review the recent advances of STAT3 and STAT5 targeting in melanoma, explore which autoimmune diseases are causatively linked to STAT3 and/or STAT5 signaling, and propose that these patients may particularly benefit from treatment with STAT3/STAT5 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Logotheti
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Brigitte M Pützer
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
- Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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47
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Gonzalez CG, Tankou SK, Cox LM, Casavant EP, Weiner HL, Elias JE. Latent-period stool proteomic assay of multiple sclerosis model indicates protective capacity of host-expressed protease inhibitors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12460. [PMID: 31462662 PMCID: PMC6713765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases are often diagnosed once overt symptoms arise, ignoring the prior latent period when effective prevention may be possible. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for multiple sclerosis, exhibits such disease latency, but the molecular processes underlying this asymptomatic period remain poorly characterized. Gut microbes also influence EAE severity, yet their impact on the latent period remains unknown. Here, we show the latent period between immunization and EAE's overt symptom onset is characterized by distinct host responses as measured by stool proteomics. In particular, we found a transient increase in protease inhibitors that inversely correlated with disease severity. Vancomycin administration attenuated both EAE symptoms and protease inhibitor induction potentially by decreasing immune system reactivity, supporting a subset of the microbiota's role in modulating the host's latent period response. These results strengthen previous evidence of proteases and their inhibitors in EAE and highlight the utility stool-omics for revealing complex, dynamic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Gonzalez
- Chemical and Systems Biology Department, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Stephanie K Tankou
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department Of Neurology, Icahn School Of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School Of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School Of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura M Cox
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen P Casavant
- Chemical and Systems Biology Department, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua E Elias
- Chemical and Systems Biology Department, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA.
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48
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Blockade of STAT3 Causes Severe In Vitro and In Vivo Maturation Defects in Intestinal Organoids Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8070976. [PMID: 31277507 PMCID: PMC6678857 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8070976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human intestinal organoids (hIOs), which resemble the human intestine structurally and physiologically, have emerged as a new modality for the study of the molecular and cellular biology of the intestine in vitro. We recently developed an in vitro maturation technique for generating functional hIOs from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Here, we investigated the function of STAT3 for inducing in vitro maturation of hIOs. This was accompanied by the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3, whereas treatment with pharmacological inhibitors of STAT3 suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 and the expression of intestinal maturation markers. We generated and characterized STAT3 knockout (KO) human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. We found that STAT3 KO does not affect the differentiation of hESCs into hIOs but rather affects the in vitro maturation of hIOs. STAT3 KO hIOs displayed immature morphologies with decreased size and reduced budding in hIOs even after in vitro maturation. STAT3 KO hIOs showed markedly different profiles from hIOs matured in vitro and human small intestine. Additionally, STAT3 KO hIOs failed to maintain upon in vivo transplantation. This study reveals a core signaling pathway consisting of STAT3 controlling the in vitro maturation of hIOs derived from hPSCs.
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49
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Zhong X, Surh YJ, Do SG, Shin E, Shim KS, Lee CK, Na HK. Baicalein Inhibits Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Mouse Colitis. J Cancer Prev 2019; 24:129-138. [PMID: 31360692 PMCID: PMC6619857 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2019.24.2.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Baicalein is a bioactive flavone that is originally extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. This plant has long served as Chinese herbal medicine in the management of multiple diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases. Although it has been revealed that baicalein inhibits experimental colitis in mice, the molecular mechanisms still remain largely unrecognized. Methods The experimental colitis was induced in mice by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water. The mice were given baicalein (10 or 25 mg/kg) by gavage for 7 days before and after DSS administration. Expression of COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and molecules involved in NF-κB signaling, such as inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), pIκBα, p65, and phospho-p65 was examined by Western blot analysis in the tissue of the mouse colon. Activity of IκB kinase β (IKKβ) was assessed by measuring the relative amount of radioactive γ-phosphate of ATP transferred to the IκBα substrate protein. The expression and phosphorylation of STAT3 and its target gene cyclin D1 were also measured. Results Baicalein prominently mitigated the severity of DSS-induced colitis in mice. It inhibited the expression of COX-2 and iNOS. Moreover, baicalein attenuated activity and phosphorylation of IKKβ and subsequent degradation of IκBα. Baicalein suppressed the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65, resulting in a reduced DNA binding activity of NF-κB. Baicalein also suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 and expression of cyclin D1. Baicalein exhibited the synergistic effect on inhibition of COX-2 induced by DSS with curcumin, an ingredient of turmeric. Conclusions Protective effects of baicalein on DSS-induced colitis are associated with suppression of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways, which may contribute to its cancer preventive effects on colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancai Zhong
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Chong-Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-Based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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50
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STAT3 Genotypic Variant rs744166 and Increased Tyrosine Phosphorylation of STAT3 in IL-23 Responsive Innate Lymphoid Cells during Pathogenesis of Crohn's Disease. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:9406146. [PMID: 31321245 PMCID: PMC6610725 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9406146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) results from dysregulated immune responses to gut microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals, affecting multiple areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident innate effector lymphocytes which play crucial roles in mucosal immune defense, tissue repair, and maintenance of homeostasis. The accumulation of IFN-γ-producing ILC1s and increased level of proinflammatory cytokines produced by ILCs has been observed in the inflamed terminal ileum of CD patients. To date, the precise mechanisms of ILC plasticity and gene regulatory pathways in ILCs remain unclear. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates gene expression in a cell-specific, cytokine-dependent manner, involving multiple immune responses. This study proposes the positive correlation between the prevalence of STAT3 rs744166 risky allele "A" with the severity of disease in a cohort of 94 CD patients. In addition, the results suggest an increased STAT3 activity in the inflamed ileum of CD patients, compared to unaffected ileum sections. Notably, IL-23 triggers the differentiation of CD117+NKp44- ILC3s and induces the activation of STAT3 in both CD117+NKp44- and CD117-NKp44- ILC subsets, implying the involvement of STAT3 in the initiation of ILC plasticity. Moreover, carriage of STAT3 "A" risk allele exhibited a higher basal level of STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation, and an increased IL-23 triggered the pSTAT3 level. We also demonstrated that there was no delayed dephosphorylation of STAT3 in ILCs of both A/A and G/G donors. Overall, the results of this study suggest that IL-23-induced activation of STAT3 in the CD117-NKp44- ILC1s involves in ILC1-to-ILC3 plasticity and a potential regulatory role of ILC1 function. Those genetically susceptible individuals carried STAT3 rs744166 risky allele appear to have higher basal and cytokine-stimulated activation of STAT3 signal, leading to prolonged inflammation and chronic relapse.
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