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Mohamadi M, Dousdampanis P, Ahmadi Z, Pourmasumi S, Naderi M, Zainodini N, Nazari A. Nut consumption and urogenital and genital, gastrointestinal and women-related cancers: Assessment and review. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2023; 9:277-287. [PMID: 37915385 PMCID: PMC10617366 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer, especially in industrial countries, is a major problem for health and treatment systems. Cancer can affect the quality of life of all family members and has many negative effects on the community. Despite many advances in cancer treatment, this disease is still a major worldwide problem. There is strong evidence that dietary habits are effective in protecting against cancer and even helping in the disease treatment progress. Nuts with various biologically-active compounds, such as vitamins, phytosterols, isoflavones, flavonoids, and polyphenols have been reported to possess anticarcinogenic properties. Accordingly, this review provides an insight into the association between nut consumption and the prevention of some cancers. We considered the cancers related to the urogenital and genital tract, gastrointestinal tract, as well as women-related cancers. Both cell culture examinations and experimental animal studies alongside observational epidemiological studies demonstrated that regular consumption of a nut-enriched diet is able to reduce the risk of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohamadi
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICOWorld safety organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | | | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Pistachio Safety Research CenterRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Soheila Pourmasumi
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali‐Ibn Abi‐Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Monavare Naderi
- Vice Chancellor for Research and TechnologyRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Nahid Zainodini
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Alireza Nazari
- Department of Surgery, School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
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2
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Feng CH, Zhang Q, Chen J, Mao LQ, Sun Q, He Y, Yao LH. Factors influencing age at onset of colorectal polyps and benefit-finding after polypectomy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35336. [PMID: 37773792 PMCID: PMC10545222 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening, followed by colonoscopic polypectomy, has been widely performed in China. However, factors influencing age at onset of colorectal polyps and benefit-finding after polypectomy have been insufficiently studied or ignored. A total of 152 patients with colorectal polyps first detected in First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University from July to September 2022 were enrolled in this study. We selected 11 factors associated with the risk of colorectal polyps, including gender, body mass index, occupational stress, education level, income satisfaction, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, diet, family history and polyp characteristics. Benefit-finding after polypectomy was obtained by follow-up for 142 of these patients. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that being overweight (i.e., body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), higher education level, lower exercise frequency, and refrigerated food preference were associated with early-onset colorectal polyps. Patients with a preference for pickled food and age ≥50 years at first colorectal polyp detection had lower benefit findings after colonoscopic polypectomy. Colorectal polyps may develop earlier in people who are overweight, well-educated, exercise less, and prefer refrigerated food. In addition, patients who prefer pickled food and age at onset ≥50 years have lower benefit-finding requiring more attention in future colonoscopy follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hong Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qi Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Wuxing District, Wuxing Branch of the First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying He
- Central Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Hua Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, P.R. China
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Roman D, Timar B, Avram V, Braha A, Saftescu S, Negru Ș, Timar R. The Role of Nut and Seed Consumption in Colorectal Cancer: A Narrative Review. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58070932. [PMID: 35888651 PMCID: PMC9317913 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the increased incidence of colorectal cancer worldwide, especially in developed and developing countries, is comes as no surprise that researchers are concentrating on methods to combat this public health issue, through investigating both lifestyle interventions and treatment options. Although treatment options are being constantly discovered and developed, researchers have also begun investigating the influence that nutrition and lifestyle have on CRC. Among the food categories, nuts and seeds boast numerous beneficial effects for cardiovascular health and metabolic balance and they contain a plethora of phytochemicals and antioxidants. The present narrative review aims to offer a broad perspective to date on the known effects of this consumption on colorectal cancer. For this purpose, articles were identified by conducting a search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using search phrases such as ″nut intake and colorectal cancer″ and ″seed consumption and colorectal cancer”, narrowing the search pool to those articles published between 2019 and 2022. The search returned eight relevant papers, all of which were validated by a second author. While the existing research is divided between those studies which have found no significant link between nut consumption and colorectal cancer protection and those which have, there is a consensus regarding the necessity for further research on this subject, as well as the possible mechanisms which might be involved in the protective effect observed by some researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deiana Roman
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, ″Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (D.R.); (V.A.); (A.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Bogdan Timar
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, ″Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (D.R.); (V.A.); (A.B.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vlad Avram
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, ″Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (D.R.); (V.A.); (A.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Adina Braha
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, ″Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (D.R.); (V.A.); (A.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Sorin Saftescu
- Department of Oncology, ″Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (S.S.); (Ș.N.)
- OncoHelp Hospital, 300239 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Șerban Negru
- Department of Oncology, ″Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (S.S.); (Ș.N.)
- OncoHelp Hospital, 300239 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Romulus Timar
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, ″Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (D.R.); (V.A.); (A.B.); (R.T.)
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Nuts and legumes consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol 2022; 37:569-585. [PMID: 35622305 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-022-00881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Several case-control and prospective cohort studies have examined the association between the consumption of nuts and legumes and the risk of colorectal cancer. For the quantitative assessment of this association, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies. We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases along with hand searches for eligible studies published up to January 2022. A total of 13 studies (8 cohort studies and 5 case-control studies) on nuts consumption and 29 studies (16 cohort studies and 13 case-control studies) on legumes consumption were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risks (RRs) of colorectal cancer for the highest versus lowest categories of nuts consumption and legumes consumption were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.71-0.99) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.83-0.98), respectively. Based on the dose-response analysis, a 28 g/day (1 serving/day) increment of nut consumption was associated with a 33% lower risk of colorectal cancer, and 100 g/day (1 serving/day) increment of legumes consumption was associated with a 21% lower risk of colorectal cancer. By geographic region for nuts consumption, however, the inverse association for the highest versus lowest categories was only observed in Asia (RR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.29-0.68) from 3 studies, and no association was found in America (RR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.92-1.11) (Pdifference = 0.003) or Europe (RR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.84-1.25) (Pdifference = 0.003). In addition, the associations tended to be weak when stratified by adjustment for confounders. Our findings suggest that the evidence for an association is currently weak, and thus further well-designed prospective studies are needed.
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Çiftçi S, Suna G. Functional Components of Peanuts (Arachis Hypogaea L.) and Health Benefits: A Review. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Phenolic content, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of fractions of Vigna subterraenea (L.) verdc from Mpumalanga, South Africa. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08397. [PMID: 34901488 PMCID: PMC8637485 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent intake of legumes has been correlated with decreased possibility of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) due to the content of some phytochemicals like polyphenols. Bambara groundnut (BGN) is an underutilized crop with a rich nutritional profile, but have not been exploited for its nutraceutical and medicinal benefits. In this study, total polyphenol, flavonoid (flavonol and flavanol) content, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity/antiproliferative properties of 70% ethanolic extracts of whole BGN, cotyledon and seed coat on Caco-2 and HT-29 colon cancer cells were evaluated. Seed coat had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher composition of total polyphenol, flavonol and flavan-3-ol (flavanol) compared to whole seed and cotyledon. Antioxidant activity determined with ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays, showed that seed coat with higher polyphenolic content had significantly (p < 0.05) greater antioxidant activity. BGN fractions demonstrated cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against HT-29 and Caco-2 colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with seed coat and whole seed exhibiting greater cytotoxicity and higher antiproliferative activity and colon cancer cell inhibition. Extracts of the cotyledon also showed cytotoxic activity and hindered cancer cell growth/division but to a significantly (p < 0.05) lower magnitude. BGN parts indicated a greater cytotoxic effect and potential to slow down Caco-2 colon cancer cell growth and division over HT-29. This result provides new knowledge on the possible health benefits of BGN, as well as the potential for product development and may influence its consumption and utilisation.
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Abdolahi-Majd M, Hassanshahi G, Vatanparast M, Karimabad MN. Investigation of the effect of Prunus Amygdalus Amara on the expression of some genes of apoptosis and immortality in breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Curr Drug Res Rev 2021; 14:73-79. [PMID: 34856918 DOI: 10.2174/2589977513666211202094433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-cancer effects of almond nuts or oil have been approved, but there are a few pieces of research that have evaluated, in detail, almond and other seeds' effects on cancer. Therefore, in the present project, the aim was to explore the regulatory effect of the bitter almond extract (Prunus amygdalus Batsch) on the apoptotic and anti-cancer potency of MCF-7 cells. OBJECTIVES In the current experimental research, the Almond effect on MCF7 cells was evaluated by investigating the expression and the balance between Bcl-2, Bax genes to unmark the potential molecular mechanism. METHODS For 24 and 48h, the MCF7 cells were treated with the bitter almond extract (187.5-3000 µg/mL). MTT assay was used to assess the viability, and Real-time-PCR was applied to determine the expression of Bax and Bcl-2, facing β-actin. RESULTS Our results revealed a significant difference between different extract concentrations on the viability of MCF7 cell lines in 24 and 48 h; cell viability decreased time-dependently (P < 0.05). After 24 and 48h of extract facing MCF7 cells, the evaluated IC50 value was 3000 and 1500 µg/mL, respectively. Based on Real Time-PCR analysis, after 24 and 48 h, the mRNA levels of BCL-2 decreased by the extract, whereas BAX was in the MCF-7 cell line. CONCLUSION From the results, it can be concluded that bitter almond extract has anti-cancer properties that may influence the apoptotic pathways by regulating relative gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abdolahi-Majd
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan. Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan. Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Vatanparast
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan. Iran
| | - Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan. Iran
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Borgas P, Gonzalez G, Veselkov K, Mirnezami R. Phytochemically rich dietary components and the risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:482-499. [PMID: 34189071 PMCID: PMC8223713 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i6.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personalized nutrition and protective diets and lifestyles represent a key cancer research priority. The association between consumption of specific dietary components and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has been evaluated by a number of population-based studies, which have identified certain food items as having protective potential, though the findings have been inconsistent. Herein we present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the potential protective role of five common phytochemically rich dietary components (nuts, cruciferous vegetables, citrus fruits, garlic and tomatoes) in reducing CRC risk.
AIM To investigate the independent impact of increased intake of specific dietary constituents on CRC risk in the general population.
METHODS Medline and Embase were systematically searched, from time of database inception to January 31, 2020, for observational studies reporting CRC incidence relative to intake of one or more of nuts, cruciferous vegetables, citrus fruits, garlic and/or tomatoes in the general population. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers and analyzed in accordance with the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) reporting guidelines and according to predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Effect sizes of studies were pooled using a random-effects model.
RESULTS Forty-six studies were identified. CRC risk was significantly reduced in patients with higher vs lower consumption of cruciferous vegetables [odds ratio (OR) = 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85-0.95; P < 0.005], citrus fruits (OR = 0.90; 95%CI: 0.84-0.96; P < 0.005), garlic (OR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.76-0.91; P < 0.005) and tomatoes (OR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.84-0.95; P < 0.005). Subgroup analysis showed that this association sustained when looking at case-control studies alone, for all of these four food items, but no significant difference was found in analysis of cohort studies alone. Nut consumption exhibited a similar trend, but overall results were not significant (OR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.50-1.03; P < 0.07; I2 = 90.70%). Putative anticarcinogenic mechanisms are proposed using gene-set enrichment analysis of gene/protein perturbations caused by active compounds within each food item.
CONCLUSION Increased cruciferous vegetable, garlic, citrus fruit and tomato consumption are all inversely associated with CRC risk. These findings highlight the potential for developing precision nutrition strategies for CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Borgas
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Guadalupe Gonzalez
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London SW7 2RH, United Kingdom
| | - Kirill Veselkov
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Mirnezami
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
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Darooghegi Mofrad M, Mozaffari H, Askari MR, Amini MR, Jafari A, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Potato Consumption and Risk of Site-Specific Cancers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1705-1722. [PMID: 33861304 PMCID: PMC8483953 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of cancer type may vary significantly due to anatomy, embryology, and physiology of the cancer site. Although the association between potato consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) was summarized in a 2018 meta-analysis of 5 cohort studies, to the best of our knowledge, no meta-analysis has evaluated potato consumption in relation to multiple cancer sites in adults. Medline/PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for relevant publications through August 2020. We selected cohort or case-control studies conducted in adults that reported risk estimates (relative risk [RRs], HRs, and ORs) of potato intake for any cancer type. Random effects meta-analyses compared high and low intake categories. Twenty prospective cohort studies (total n = 785,348) including 19,882 incident cases, and 36 case-control studies (21,822 cases; 66,502 controls) were included. Among cohort studies, we did not find an association between high versus low intake of total potato (white and yellow) consumption and overall cancers: 1.04 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.11; tau2 = 0.005, n = 18). We found no relation between total potato consumption (high compared with low intake) and risk of CRC, pancreatic cancer, colon, gastric, breast, prostate, kidney, lung, or bladder cancer in cohort or case-control studies. We did not find an association between high versus low consumption of potato preparations (boiled/fried/mashed/roasted/baked) and risk of gastrointestinal-, sex-hormone-, or urinary-related cancers in cohort or case-control studies. Certainty of the evidence was low for total cancer, CRC, colon, rectal, renal, pancreatic, breast, prostate, and lung cancer and very low for gastric and bladder cancer. In conclusion, potato intake or potato preparations were not associated with multiple cancer sites when comparing high and low intake categories. This finding was consistent with the findings from the 2018 meta-analysis regarding potato intake and risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manije Darooghegi Mofrad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Mozaffari
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Amini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pamela J Surkan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Naghshi S, Sadeghian M, Nasiri M, Mobarak S, Asadi M, Sadeghi O. Association of Total Nut, Tree Nut, Peanut, and Peanut Butter Consumption with Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:793-808. [PMID: 33307550 PMCID: PMC8166551 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on the association of nut intake with risk of cancer and its mortality are conflicting. Although previous meta-analyses summarized available findings in this regard, some limitations may distort their findings. Moreover, none of these meta-analyses examined the dose-response associations of total nut intake with the risk of specific cancers as well as associations between specific types of nuts and cancer mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize available findings on the associations of total nut (tree nuts and peanuts), tree nut (walnuts, pistachios, macadamia nuts, pecans, cashews, almonds, hazelnuts, and Brazil nuts), peanut (whole peanuts without considering peanut butter), and peanut butter consumption with risk of cancer and its mortality by considering the above-mentioned points. We searched the online databases until March 2020 to identify eligible articles. In total, 43 articles on cancer risk and 9 articles on cancer mortality were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The summary effect size (ES) for risk of cancer, comparing the highest with lowest intakes of total nuts, was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.92, P < 0.001, I2 = 58.1%; P < 0.01), indicating a significant inverse association. Such a significant inverse association was also seen for tree nut intake (pooled ES: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96, P < 0.01, I2 = 15.8%; P = 0.28). Based on the dose-response analysis, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with 3%, 6%, and 25% lower risks of overall, pancreatic, and colon cancers, respectively. In terms of cancer mortality, we found 13%, 18%, and 8% risk reductions with higher intakes of total nuts, tree nuts, and peanuts, respectively. In addition, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with a 4% lower risk of cancer mortality. In conclusion, our findings support the protective association between total nut and tree nut intake and the risk of cancer and its mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Naghshi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sadeghian
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Nasiri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Operating Room Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Mobarak
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
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11
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Nieuwenhuis L, Simons CCJM, Weijenberg MP, van den Brandt PA. Nut and peanut butter intake and the risk of colorectal cancer and its anatomical and molecular subtypes: the Netherlands Cohort Study. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:1368-1384. [PMID: 32726404 PMCID: PMC7566329 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nut intake has been associated with reduced total cancer-related mortality, but evidence for colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is inconclusive. We investigated the associations between nut and peanut butter intake and anatomical CRC subtypes. To account for molecular heterogeneity, associations between nut and peanut butter intake and colorectal tumors harboring APC, KRAS or BRAF mutations, p53 overexpression or microsatellite instability were examined in secondary analyses. In the Netherlands Cohort Study (n = 120 852), lifestyle habits were measured with a questionnaire in 1986. After 20.3 years follow-up, 3567 CRC cases were included in case–cohort analyses. For the analyses of molecular CRC subtypes, 574 cases were included after 7.3 years follow-up. In categorical analyses, total nut intake was not significantly associated with CRC [HR (95% CI) 10+ g/day versus non-consumers = 0.94(0.78–1.15) in men; 0.96(0.75–1.22) in women]. In restricted cubic spline analyses, significant non-linear inverse associations with rectal cancer were observed for total nut, peanut and peanut butter intake in women, and borderline significant non-linear inverse associations for total nut and peanut intake in men. Regarding the molecular CRC subtypes, peanut butter intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of colorectal tumors that did not develop through the serrated neoplasia pathway in men [HR (95% CI) per 5 g/day increment = 1.22(1.07–1.38)]. Nut and peanut butter intake are non-linearly inversely associated with rectal cancer risk in women. In men, nut intake is borderline significantly non-linearly associated with a reduced rectal cancer risk. Peanut butter is associated with an increased risk of colorectal tumors that do not develop through the serrated neoplasia pathway in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Nieuwenhuis
- Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI)
| | - Colinda C J M Simons
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matty P Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI).,Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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12
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Long J, Ji Z, Yuan P, Long T, Liu K, Li J, Cheng L. Nut Consumption and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:565-573. [PMID: 32041895 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have investigated the association between nut intake and risk for multiple cancers. However, current findings are inconsistent and no definite conclusion has been drawn from prospective studies. We therefore conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between nut consumption and risk of cancer. METHODS Prospective studies reporting associations between nut intake and risk for all types of cancer were identified by searching Web of Science and PubMed databases up to June 2019. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted and then pooled across the studies using a random-effect model. A dose-response analysis was modeled by performing restricted cubic splines when data were available. RESULTS Thirty-three studies that included more than 50,000 cancer cases were eligible for the analysis. When comparing the highest with the lowest category of nut intake, high consumption of nuts was significantly associated with decreased risk of overall cancer (RR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85-0.95). The protective effect of nut consumption was especially apparent against cancers from the digestive system (RR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77-0.89). Among different nut classes, significant association was only obtained for intake of tree nuts. We also observed a linear dose-response relationship between nut consumption and cancer: Per 20 g/day increase in nut consumption was related to a 10% (RR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99) decrease in cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis demonstrated an inverse association of dietary nut consumption with cancer risk, especially for cancers from the digestive system. IMPACT This study highlights the protective effect of nuts against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyi Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peihong Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Aune D. Plant Foods, Antioxidant Biomarkers, and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and Mortality: A Review of the Evidence. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:S404-S421. [PMID: 31728499 PMCID: PMC6855972 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a high intake of plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and legumes has been recommended for chronic disease prevention, it has been unclear what is the optimal amount of intake of these foods and whether specific subtypes are particularly beneficial. The evidence from several recently published meta-analyses on plant foods and antioxidants and various health outcomes is reviewed as well as more recently published studies. In meta-analyses of prospective studies, inverse associations were observed between intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts and the risk of coronary artery disease, stroke, cardiovascular disease overall, total cancer, and all-cause mortality. The strongest reductions in risk were observed at an intake of 800 g/d for fruits and vegetables, 225 g/d for whole grains, and 15-20 g/d for nuts, respectively. Whole-grain and nut consumption was also inversely associated with mortality from respiratory disease, infections, and diabetes. Stronger and more linear inverse associations were observed between blood concentrations of antioxidants (vitamin C, carotenoids, vitamin E) and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality than for dietary intake. Most studies that have since been published have been consistent with these results; however, further studies are needed on subtypes of plant foods and less common causes of death. These results strongly support dietary recommendations to increase intake of plant foods, and suggest optimal intakes for chronic disease prevention may be ∼800 g/d for intakes of fruits and vegetables, 225 g/d for whole grains, and 15-20 g/d for nuts. Diets high in plant foods could potentially prevent several million premature deaths each year if adopted globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Schwingshackl L, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Boeing H. Potatoes and risk of chronic disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:2243-2251. [PMID: 29987352 PMCID: PMC6689281 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to synthesize the evidence on the relation between different types of potato consumption with risk of all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, type 2 diabetes (T2D), colorectal cancer (CRC), and hypertension. METHODS Systematic searches until May 2018 were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Random effects meta-analyses comparing extreme categories, linear and non-linear dose-response analyses were conducted. RESULTS Twenty-eight reports were identified. Only total potato consumption was available for some endpoints which showed no associations with all-cause mortality (RR: 0.88, 95% CI 0.69-1.12), CHD (RR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.96-1.09), stroke (RR: 0.98, 95% CI 0.93-1.03), and CRC (RR: 1.05, 95% CI 0.92-1.20) per one daily/serving (150 g/day) increase. Consumption of one daily serving of boiled/baked/mashed-potatoes was not associated with risk of hypertension (RR: 1.08, 95% CI 0.96-1.21), but slightly with the risk of T2D (RR: 1.09, 95% 1.01-1.18). Positive associations for the risk of T2D (RR: 1.66, 95% CI 1.43-1.94) and hypertension (RR: 1.37, 95% CI 1.15-1.63) were observed for each 150 g/day increase in French-fries consumption. The quality of evidence was rated mostly low (moderate quality of evidence for the risk-associations of French-fries). CONCLUSION Total potato consumption is not related to risk for many chronic diseases but could pose a small increase in risk for T2D if consumed boiled. A clear risk relation was found between French-fries consumption and risk of T2D and hypertension. For several outcomes, the impact of different preparation procedures could not be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schwingshackl
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Carolina Schwedhelm
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Hoffmann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZA II, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Mohseni R, Mohseni F, Alizadeh S, Abbasi S. The Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:778-790. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1651880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohseni
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohseni
- School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Abbasi
- Faculty of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Science (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
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16
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Influence of particle size and intestinal conditions on in vitro lipid and protein digestibility of walnuts and peanuts. Food Res Int 2019; 119:951-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Yin X, Bostick RM. Associations of Nut Intakes with Incident Sporadic Colorectal Adenoma: A Pooled Case-Control Study. Nutr Cancer 2018; 71:731-738. [PMID: 30372131 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1521440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Consumption of nuts, which contain multiple anti-carcinogenic components, has been inversely associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly among women, but has not been investigated in relation to colorectal adenoma, the immediate precursor to most CRCs. METHODS We pooled data from three case-control studies of incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma (n = 785 cases, 2107 controls) in which dietary intakes were assessed using food frequency questionnaires, and analyzed the data using multivariable unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS Among men and women combined, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of total nut product (all nuts and peanut butter combined) intakes, for those who consumed 0.5-1.5, 2.0-5.5, and ≥6 servings/week relative to no nut consumption were 0.81 (0.58, 1.12), 0.86 (0.61, 1.23), and 0.93 (0.65, 1.31), respectively. However, among women, the corresponding ORs and 95% CIs were 0.62 (0.40, 0.97), 0.57 (0.35, 0.94), and 0.78 (0.48, 1.25), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that moderate nut consumption may be associated with lower risk for colorectal adenoma, primarily among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- a Department of Epidemiology , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- a Department of Epidemiology , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia , USA.,b Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
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18
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Abar L, Vieira AR, Aune D, Sobiecki JG, Vingeliene S, Polemiti E, Stevens C, Greenwood DC, Chan DSM, Schlesinger S, Norat T. Height and body fatness and colorectal cancer risk: an update of the WCRF-AICR systematic review of published prospective studies. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:1701-1720. [PMID: 29080978 PMCID: PMC6060816 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is no published dose-response meta-analysis on the association between height and colorectal cancer risk (CRC) by sex and anatomical sub-site. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies on the association between height and CRC risk with subgroup analysis and updated evidence on the association between body fatness and CRC risk. METHODS PubMed and several other databases were searched up to November 2016. A random effects model was used to calculate dose-response summary relative risks (RR's). RESULTS 47 studies were included in the meta-analyses including 50,936 cases among 7,393,510 participants. The findings support the existing evidence regarding a positive association of height, general and abdominal body fatness and CRC risk. The summary RR were 1.04 [95% (CI)1.02-1.05, I² = 91%] per 5 cm increase in height, 1.02 [95% (CI)1.01-1.02, I² = 0%] per 5 kg increase in weight, 1.06 [95% (CI)1.04-1.07, I² = 83%] per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, 1.02 [95% (CI)1.02-1.03, I² = 4%] per 10 cm increase in waist circumference, 1.03 [95% (CI)1.01-1.05, I² = 16%] per 0.1 unit increase in waist to hip ratio. The significant association for height and CRC risk was similar in men and women. The significant association for BMI and CRC risk was stronger in men than in women. CONCLUSION The positive association between height and risk of CRC suggests that life factors during childhood and early adulthood might play a role in CRC aetiology. Higher general and abdominal body fatness during adulthood are risk factors of CRC and these associations are stronger in men than in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Ana Rita Vieira
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Jakub G Sobiecki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Snieguole Vingeliene
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Elli Polemiti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Christophe Stevens
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Darren C Greenwood
- Biostatistics Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Doris S M Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
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19
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Walnut phenolic extract inhibits nuclear factor kappaB signaling in intestinal epithelial cells, and ameliorates experimental colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer in mice. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:1603-1613. [PMID: 29744610 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Walnuts (Juglans regia) are known to have anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects. However, little information is available on the effects of walnut phenolic extract (WPE) on intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colon cancer. METHODS COLO205 cells were pretreated with WPE and then stimulated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. In the acute colitis model, wild type mice (C57BL/6) were administered 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 5 days. In the chronic colitis model, interleukin (IL)-10-/- mice were administered with either the vehicle or WPE (20 mg/kg) by oral gavage daily for 2 weeks. In an inflammation-associated tumor model, wild type mice were administered a single intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane followed by three cycles of 2% DSS for 5 days and 2 weeks of free water consumption. RESULTS WPE significantly inhibited IL-8 and IL-1α expression in COLO205 cells. WPE attenuated both the TNF-α-induced IκB phosphorylation/degradation and NF-κB DNA binding activity. The administration of oral WPE significantly reduced the severity of colitis in both acute and chronic colitis models, including the IL-10-/- mice. In immunohistochemical staining, WPE attenuated NF-κB signaling in the colons of both colitis models. Finally, WPE also significantly reduced tumor development in a murine model of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). CONCLUSIONS WPE ameliorates acute and chronic colitis and CAC in mice, suggesting that WPE may have potentials for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Lee J, Shin A, Oh JH, Kim J. The relationship between nut intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a case control study. Nutr J 2018; 17:37. [PMID: 29514652 PMCID: PMC5840774 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nut consumption is known to reduce the risk of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. However, in previous studies, portion sizes and categories of nut consumption have varied, and few studies have assessed the association between colorectal cancer risk and nut consumption. In this study, we investigated the relationship between nut consumption and colorectal cancer risk. METHODS A case-control study was conducted among 923 colorectal cancer patients and 1846 controls recruited from the National Cancer Center in Korea. Information on dietary intake was collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire with 106 items, including peanuts, pine nuts, and almonds (as 1 food item). Nut consumption was categorized as none, < 1 serving per week, 1-3 servings per week, and ≥3 servings per week. A binary logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between nut consumption and colorectal cancer risk, and a polytomous logistic regression model was used for sub-site analyses. RESULTS High nut consumption was strongly associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer among women (adjusted ORs: 0.30, 95%CI: 0.15-0.60 for the ≥3 servings per week group vs. none). A similar inverse association was observed for men (adjusted ORs: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.17-0.47). In sub-site analyses, adjusted ORs (95% CIs) comparing the ≥3 servings per week group vs none were 0.25 (0.09-0.70) for proximal colon cancer, 0.39 (0.19-0.80) for distal colon cancer, and 0.23 (0.12-0.46) for rectal cancer among men. An inverse association was also found among women for distal colon cancer (OR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.48) and rectal cancer (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.17-0.95). CONCLUSIONS We found a statistically significant association between high frequency of nut consumption and reduced risk of colorectal cancer. This association was observed for all sub-sites of the colon and rectum among both men and women, with the exception of proximal colon cancer for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoo Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 South Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 103 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10408 Gyeonggi-do South Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10408 Gyeonggi-do South Korea
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21
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Fadelu T, Zhang S, Niedzwiecki D, Ye X, Saltz LB, Mayer RJ, Mowat RB, Whittom R, Hantel A, Benson AB, Atienza DM, Messino M, Kindler HL, Venook A, Ogino S, Ng K, Wu K, Willett W, Giovannucci E, Meyerhardt J, Bao Y, Fuchs CS. Nut Consumption and Survival in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer: Results From CALGB 89803 (Alliance). J Clin Oncol 2018; 36:1112-1120. [PMID: 29489429 PMCID: PMC5891130 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.75.5413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Observational studies have reported increased colon cancer recurrence and mortality in patients with states of hyperinsulinemia, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and high glycemic load diet. Nut intake has been associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. However, the effect of nut intake on colon cancer recurrence and survival is not known. Patients and Methods We conducted a prospective, observational study of 826 eligible patients with stage III colon cancer who reported dietary intake on food frequency questionnaires while enrolled onto a randomized adjuvant chemotherapy trial. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we assessed associations of nut intake with cancer recurrence and mortality. Results After a median follow-up of 6.5 years, compared with patients who abstained from nuts, individuals who consumed two or more servings of nuts per week experienced an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for disease-free survival of 0.58 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.92; Ptrend = .03) and an HR for overall survival of 0.43 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.74; Ptrend = .01). In subgroup analysis, the apparent benefit was confined to tree nut intake (HR for disease-free survival, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.85; Ptrend = .04; and HR for overall survival, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.82; Ptrend = .04). The association of total nut intake with improved outcomes was maintained across other known or suspected risk factors for cancer recurrence and mortality. Conclusion Diets with a higher consumption of nuts may be associated with a significantly reduced incidence of cancer recurrence and death in patients with stage III colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temidayo Fadelu
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sui Zhang
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Donna Niedzwiecki
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Xing Ye
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Leonard B Saltz
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Robert J Mayer
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Rex B Mowat
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Renaud Whittom
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Alexander Hantel
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Al B Benson
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Daniel M Atienza
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael Messino
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Hedy L Kindler
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Alan Venook
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kana Wu
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Walter Willett
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jeffrey Meyerhardt
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ying Bao
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Temidayo Fadelu, Sui Zhang, Robert J. Mayer, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, and Charles S. Fuchs, Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare; Shuji Ogino, Kana Wu, Walter Willett, and Edward Giovannucci, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Shuji Ogino, Edward Giovannucci, and Ying Bao, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Donna Niedzwiecki and Xing Ye, Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham; Michael Messino, Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium, Mission Hospitals, Asheville, NC; Leonard B. Saltz, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Rex B. Mowat, Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program, Toledo, OH; Renaud Whittom, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Alexander Hantel, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Naperville; Al B. Benson, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University; Hedy L. Kindler, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer, Chicago, IL; Daniel M. Atienza, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA; Alan Venook, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; and Charles S. Fuchs, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP. Nutrients and Oxidative Stress: Friend or Foe? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9719584. [PMID: 29643982 PMCID: PMC5831951 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9719584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are different types of nutritionally mediated oxidative stress sources that trigger inflammation. Much information indicates that high intakes of macronutrients can promote oxidative stress and subsequently contribute to inflammation via nuclear factor-kappa B- (NF-κB-) mediated cell signaling pathways. Dietary carbohydrates, animal-based proteins, and fats are important to highlight here because they may contribute to the long-term consequences of nutritionally mediated inflammation. Oxidative stress is a central player of metabolic ailments associated with high-carbohydrate and animal-based protein diets and excessive fat consumption. Obesity has become an epidemic and represents the major risk factor for several chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of nutritionally mediated oxidative stress are complex and poorly understood. Therefore, this review aimed to explore how dietary choices exacerbate or dampen the oxidative stress and inflammation. We also discussed the implications of oxidative stress in the adipocyte and glucose metabolism and obesity-associated noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Taken together, a better understanding of the role of oxidative stress in obesity and the development of obesity-related NCDs would provide a useful approach. This is because oxidative stress can be mediated by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors, hence providing a plausible means for the prevention of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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23
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Zhao Y, Zhao L, Hu Z, Wu J, Li J, Qu C, He Y, Song Q. Peanut consumption associated with a reduced risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A case-control study in a high-risk area in China. Thorac Cancer 2017; 9:30-36. [PMID: 28976069 PMCID: PMC5754291 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is ranked as the top 10th malignancy in China; however, an association between peanut consumption and EC risk has not yet been identified. This study explored the protective effects of peanut consumption against the risk of developing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a high‐risk area. Methods A case–control design was applied, with frequency matching by age and gender. A logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Two hundred and twenty‐two cases and 222 controls were recruited from Yanting County from 2011 to 2012. Results Peanut consumption 1–3 times per week reduced cancer risk by 38% (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.34–1.13), while consumption ≥ 4 times per week reduced the risk by 70% (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.16–0.59). A significant association was observed among individuals with negative family EC history (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.12–0.49). Conclusion Peanut consumption may act as a protector against the occurrence of ESCC in high‐risk areas, thus production and consumption should be promoted in high‐risk areas in order to reduce the ESCC burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Ninth Academic Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Medical Records and Statistics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Ninth Academic Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cancer Early Detection and Treatment, Yanting Cancer Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Chenxu Qu
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yongming He
- Department of Cancer Early Detection and Treatment, Yanting Cancer Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Qingkun Song
- Department of Science of Technology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Ninth Academic Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
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24
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Di Daniele N, Noce A, Vidiri MF, Moriconi E, Marrone G, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, D’Urso G, Tesauro M, Rovella V, De Lorenzo A. Impact of Mediterranean diet on metabolic syndrome, cancer and longevity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8947-8979. [PMID: 27894098 PMCID: PMC5352455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity symbolizes a major public health problem. Overweight and obesity are associated to the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome and to adipose tissue dysfunction. The adipose tissue is metabolically active and an endocrine organ, whose dysregulation causes a low-grade inflammatory state and ectopic fat depositions. The Mediterranean Diet represents a possible therapy for metabolic syndrome, preventing adiposopathy or "sick fat" formation.The Mediterranean Diet exerts protective effects in elderly subjects with and without baseline of chronic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between cancer and obesity. In the US, diet represents amount 30-35% of death causes related to cancer. Currently, the cancer is the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Furthermore, populations living in the Mediterranean area have a decreased incidence of cancer compared with populations living in Northern Europe or the US, likely due to healthier dietary habits. The bioactive food components have a potential preventive action on cancer. The aims of this review are to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean Diet on onset, progression and regression of metabolic syndrome, cancer and on longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Vidiri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Eleonora Moriconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Giulia Marrone
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele D’Urso
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
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Schlörmann W, Lamberty J, Lorkowski S, Ludwig D, Mothes H, Saupe C, Glei M. Chemopreventive potential ofin vitrofermented nuts in LT97 colon adenoma and primary epithelial colon cells. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:1461-1471. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Schlörmann
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition; Jena Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD); Halle-Jena-Leipzig Germany
| | - Julia Lamberty
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition; Jena Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD); Halle-Jena-Leipzig Germany
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition; Jena Germany
| | - Diana Ludwig
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition; Jena Germany
| | - Henning Mothes
- Department of General; Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Christian Saupe
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition; Jena Germany
| | - Michael Glei
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Nutrition; Jena Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD); Halle-Jena-Leipzig Germany
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Lee JT, Lai GY, Liao LM, Subar AF, Bertazzi PA, Pesatori AC, Freedman ND, Landi MT, Lam TK. Nut Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: Results from Two Large Observational Studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:826-836. [PMID: 28077426 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic evidence on the association between nut consumption and lung cancer risk is limited.Methods: We investigated this relationship in the Environment and Genetics in Lung Cancer Etiology (EAGLE) study, a population-based case-control study, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) Diet and Health Study, a prospective cohort. We identified 2,098 lung cases for EAGLE and 18,533 incident cases in AARP. Diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire for both studies. Multivariable ORs and HRs and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression for EAGLE and AARP, respectively.Results: Higher frequency of intake of nut consumption was inversely associated with overall lung cancer risk (highest vs. lowest quintile, OREAGLE = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.95; HRAARP = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.81-0.91), regardless of smoking status. Results from the prospective cohort showed similar associations across histologic subtypes and a more pronounced benefits from nut consumption for those who smoked 1 to 20 cigarettes/day (OREAGLE = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39-0.95; HRAARP = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74-0.94).Conclusions: Nut consumption was inversely associated with lung cancer in two large population-based studies, and associations were independent of cigarette smoking and other known risk factors.Impact: To our knowledge, this is the first study that examined the association between nut consumption and lung cancer risk by histologic subtypes and smoking intensity. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(6); 826-36. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T Lee
- Environmental Epidemiology Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gabriel Y Lai
- Environmental Epidemiology Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Linda M Liao
- NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amy F Subar
- NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pier Alberto Bertazzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPOCA, Epidemiology Research Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela C Pesatori
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPOCA, Epidemiology Research Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
| | - Neal D Freedman
- NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. .,Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tram Kim Lam
- Environmental Epidemiology Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. .,NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Lee J, Kim YS, Lee J, Heo SC, Lee KL, Choi SW, Kim Y. Walnut Phenolic Extract and Its Bioactive Compounds Suppress Colon Cancer Cell Growth by Regulating Colon Cancer Stemness. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070439. [PMID: 27455311 PMCID: PMC4963915 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Walnut has been known for its health benefits, including anti-cardiovascular disease and anti-oxidative properties. However, there is limited evidence elucidating its effects on cancer stem cells (CSCs) which represent a small subset of cancer cells that provide resistance against chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-CSCs potential of walnut phenolic extract (WPE) and its bioactive compounds, including (+)-catechin, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, and gallic acid. In the present study, CD133+CD44+ cells were isolated from HCT116 cells using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and then treated with WPE. As a result, survival of the CD133+CD44+ HCT116 cells was inhibited and cell differentiation was induced by WPE. In addition, WPE down-regulated the CSC markers, CD133, CD44, DLK1, and Notch1, as well as the β-catenin/p-GSK3β signaling pathway. WPE suppressed the self-renewal capacity of CSCs. Furthermore, the WPE exhibited stronger anti-CSC effects than its individual bioactive compounds. Finally, the WPE inhibited specific CSC markers in primary colon cancer cells isolated from primary colon tumor. These results suggest that WPE can suppress colon cancer by regulating the characteristics of colon CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Yoo-Sun Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - JaeHwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Seung Chul Heo
- Department of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Korea.
| | - Kook Lae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea.
| | | | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
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D'Alessandro A, De Pergola G, Silvestris F. Mediterranean Diet and cancer risk: an open issue. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:593-605. [PMID: 27251477 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1191444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The traditional Mediterranean Diet of the early 1960s meets the characteristics of an anticancer diet defined by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AIRC). A diet rich of whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits, limited in high-calorie foods (foods high in sugar or fat), red meat and foods high in salt, without sugary drinks and processed meat is recommended by the WCRF/AIRC experts to reduce the risk of cancer. The aim of this review was to examine whether Mediterranean Diet is protective or not against cancer risk. Three meta-analyses of cohort studies reported that a high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet significantly reduces the risk of cancer incidence and/or mortality. Nevertheless, the Mediterranean dietary pattern defined in the studies' part of the meta-analyses has qualitative and/or quantitative differences compared to the Mediterranean Diet of the early 1960s. Therefore, the protective role of the Mediterranean Diet against cancer has not definitely been established. In epidemiological studies, a universal definition of the Mediterranean Diet, possibly the traditional Mediterranean Diet of the early 1960s, could be useful to understand the role of this dietary pattern in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- b Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Oncology , School of Medicine, Policlinico, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- b Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Oncology , School of Medicine, Policlinico, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
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Yang M, Hu FB, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Fuchs CS, Wu K, Bao Y. Nut consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 70:333-7. [PMID: 25944181 PMCID: PMC4892359 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Increasing nut consumption has been associated with reduced risk of obesity and type II diabetes, the risk factors for colorectal cancer. However, the association between nut consumption and colorectal cancer risk is unclear. We aimed to examine the association of long-term nut consumption with risk of colorectal cancer. SUBJECTS/METHODS We prospectively followed 75,680 women who were free of cancer at baseline in the Nurses' Health Study, and examined the association between nut consumption and colorectal cancer risk. Nut consumption was assessed at baseline and updated every 2-4 years. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS During 2,103,037 person-years of follow-up, we identified 1503 colorectal cancer cases. After adjustment for other known or suspected risk factors, women who consumed nuts 2 or more times per week (that is, ⩾ 56 g per week) had a 13% lower risk of colorectal cancer compared with those who rarely consumed nuts, but the association was not statistically significant (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.72-1.05; P-trend: 0.06). No association was observed for peanut butter. CONCLUSIONS In this large prospective cohort of women, frequent nut consumption was not significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk after adjusting for other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Meir J. Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Walter C. Willett
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Kana Wu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ying Bao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Wu L, Wang Z, Zhu J, Murad AL, Prokop LJ, Murad MH. Nut consumption and risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2016; 73:409-25. [PMID: 26081452 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The identification of foods that can decrease the risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes may be helpful in reducing the burden of these diseases. Although nut consumption has been suggested to have a disease-preventive role, current evidence remains inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to clarify the association between nut consumption and risk of cancer or type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES Six databases were searched for relevant studies from the time of database inception to August 2014. Reference lists of relevant review articles were hand searched, and authors were contacted when data were insufficient. STUDY SELECTION Eligible studies included epidemiological studies (case-control and cohort) or clinical trials that reported an association between nut consumption and the outcome of type 2 diabetes or specific cancers. DATA EXTRACTION Two investigators independently extracted descriptive, quality, and risk data from included studies. DATA SYNTHESIS Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool relative risks from the included studies. The I(2) statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. A total of 36 eligible observational studies, which included 30,708 patients, were identified. The studies had fair methodological quality, and length of follow-up ranged between 4.6 years and 30 years. Comparison of the highest category of nut consumption with the lowest category revealed significant associations between nut consumption and decreased risk of colorectal cancer (3 studies each with separate estimates for males and females, RR 0.76, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.61-0.96), endometrial cancer (2 studies, RR 0.58, 95%CI 0.43-0.79), and pancreatic cancer (1 study, RR 0.68, 95%CI 0.48-0.96). No significant association was found with other cancers or type 2 diabetes. Overall, nut consumption was significantly associated with a reduced risk of cancer incidence (RR 0.85, 95%CI 0.76-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Nut consumption may play a role in reducing cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to more accurately assess the relationship between nut consumption and the prevention of individual types of cancer, given the scarcity of available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wu
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Zhen Wang
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Angela L Murad
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Larry J Prokop
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mohammad H Murad
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Onvani S, Haghighatdoost F, Azadbakht L. Dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH): diet components may be related to lower prevalence of different kinds of cancer: A review on the related documents. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2015; 20:707-13. [PMID: 26622263 PMCID: PMC4638076 DOI: 10.4103/1735-1995.166233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) eating plan is a healthy dietary pattern. Our object is to review surveys in the field of major components of DASH diet and different kinds of cancers. Materials and Methods: Our search result from PubMed search engine recruited to find related articles. Results: Adherence to the DASH diet components was significantly related to lower prevalence of various cancers due to their high content of fiber, nutrients, vitamins, mineral, and antioxidant capacity. Conclusion: In this review, positive association of DASH diet components and different cancers were observed. However, the exact association of DASH with cancers should be clarified in future longitudinal studies due to potential interaction among foods and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Onvani
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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van den Brandt PA, Schouten LJ. Relationship of tree nut, peanut and peanut butter intake with total and cause-specific mortality: a cohort study and meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2015; 44:1038-49. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tsoukas MA, Ko BJ, Witte TR, Dincer F, Hardman WE, Mantzoros CS. Dietary walnut suppression of colorectal cancer in mice: Mediation by miRNA patterns and fatty acid incorporation. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:776-83. [PMID: 25882694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer, unlike many other malignancies, may be preventable. Recent studies have demonstrated an inverse association between nut consumption and incidence of colon cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. An emerging concept suggests that microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) may help explain the relationship between walnut consumption and decreased colorectal neoplasia risk. Seven days after HT-29 colon cancer cell injection, mice were randomized to either control or walnut diets for 25 days of diet treatment. Thirty samples of tumor and of omental adipose were analyzed to determine changes in lipid composition in each dietary group. In the tumors of the walnut-containing diet, we found significant increases in α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic and total omega-3 acids, and a decrease in arachidonic acid, as compared to the control diet. Final tumor size measured at sacrifice was negatively associated with percentage of total omega-3 fatty acid composition (r=-0.641, P=.001). MicroRNA expression analysis of colorectal tumor tissue revealed decreased expression of miRNAs 1903, 467c and 3068 (P<.05) and increased expression of miRNA 297a* (P=.0059) in the walnut-treated group as compared to control diet. Our results indicate that changes in the miRNA expression profiles likely affect target gene transcripts involved in pathways of anti-inflammation, antivascularization, antiproliferation and apoptosis. We also demonstrate the incorporation of protective fatty acids into colonic epithelium of walnut-fed mice, which may independently alter miRNA expression profiles itself. Future studies of the mechanism of widespread miRNA regulation by walnut consumption are needed to offer potential prognostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Tsoukas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare system, Boston, MA.
| | - Byung-Joon Ko
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Theodore R Witte
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV
| | - Fadime Dincer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - W Elaine Hardman
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare system, Boston, MA
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Grosso G, Yang J, Marventano S, Micek A, Galvano F, Kales SN. Nut consumption on all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101:783-93. [PMID: 25833976 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.099515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent pooled analyses supported a beneficial impact of nut consumption on health, but to our knowledge, whether nuts are associated with overall decreased mortality has not been previously reviewed. OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review prospective studies that explored the effects of nut consumption on all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality and quantify the size effect through a meta-analysis. We also reviewed confounding factors associated with nut consumption to assess potential clustering with other covariates. DESIGN We searched PubMed and EMBASE for studies published up to June 2014. Study characteristics, HRs, and 95% CIs were generated on the basis of quantitative analyses. A dose-response analysis was performed when data were available. RESULTS Seven studies for all-cause mortality, 6 studies for CVD mortality, and 2 studies for cancer mortality were included in the meta-analysis with a total of 354,933 participants, 44,636 cumulative incident deaths, and 3,746,534 cumulative person-years. Nut consumption was associated with some baseline characteristics such as lower body mass index and smoking status as well as increased intakes of fruit, vegetables, and alcohol. One-serving of nuts per week and per day resulted in 4% (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.98) and 27% (RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.88) decreased risk of all-cause mortality, respectively, and decreased risk of CVD mortality [RR: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.99) and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.91), respectively]. Effects were primarily driven by decreased coronary artery disease deaths rather than stroke deaths. Nut consumption was also associated with decreased risk of cancer deaths when highest compared with lowest categories of intake were compared (RR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.98), but no dose-effect was shown. CONCLUSION Nut consumption is associated with lower risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality, but the presence of confounding factors should be taken into account when considering such findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (GG and FG) and the Department GF Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health (SM), University of Catania, Catania, Italy (GG and FG); the Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (JY and SNK); the Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (JY); the Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (AM); and the Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA (SNK)
| | - Justin Yang
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (GG and FG) and the Department GF Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health (SM), University of Catania, Catania, Italy (GG and FG); the Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (JY and SNK); the Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (JY); the Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (AM); and the Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA (SNK)
| | - Stefano Marventano
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (GG and FG) and the Department GF Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health (SM), University of Catania, Catania, Italy (GG and FG); the Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (JY and SNK); the Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (JY); the Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (AM); and the Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA (SNK)
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (GG and FG) and the Department GF Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health (SM), University of Catania, Catania, Italy (GG and FG); the Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (JY and SNK); the Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (JY); the Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (AM); and the Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA (SNK)
| | - Fabio Galvano
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (GG and FG) and the Department GF Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health (SM), University of Catania, Catania, Italy (GG and FG); the Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (JY and SNK); the Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (JY); the Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (AM); and the Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA (SNK)
| | - Stefanos N Kales
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry (GG and FG) and the Department GF Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health (SM), University of Catania, Catania, Italy (GG and FG); the Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (JY and SNK); the Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (JY); the Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (AM); and the Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA (SNK)
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Falasca M, Casari I, Maffucci T. Cancer chemoprevention with nuts. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju238. [PMID: 25210199 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that increased nut consumption is associated with a reduced risk of major chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, the association between nut consumption and cancer mortality is less clear. Recent studies have suggested that nut consumption is associated with reduced cancer mortality. This evidence reinforces the interest to investigate the chemopreventive properties of nuts, and it raises questions about the specific cancer type(s) and setting that can be more affected by nut consumption, as well as the cellular mechanisms involved in this protective effect. Here we discuss recent studies on the association of nut consumption and cancer, and we propose specific cellular mechanisms by which nut components can affect cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Falasca
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Inositide Signalling Group.
| | - Ilaria Casari
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Inositide Signalling Group
| | - Tania Maffucci
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Inositide Signalling Group
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Akhtar S, Khalid N, Ahmed I, Shahzad A, Suleria HAR. Physicochemical Characteristics, Functional Properties, and Nutritional Benefits of Peanut Oil: A Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:1562-75. [PMID: 24580558 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.644353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Guasch-Ferré M, Bulló M, Martínez-González MÁ, Ros E, Corella D, Estruch R, Fitó M, Arós F, Wärnberg J, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Vinyoles E, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Ruiz-Gutiérrez V, Basora J, Salas-Salvadó J. Frequency of nut consumption and mortality risk in the PREDIMED nutrition intervention trial. BMC Med 2013; 11:164. [PMID: 23866098 PMCID: PMC3738153 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective studies in non-Mediterranean populations have consistently related increasing nut consumption to lower coronary heart disease mortality. A small protective effect on all-cause and cancer mortality has also been suggested. To examine the association between frequency of nut consumption and mortality in individuals at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a Mediterranean country with a relatively high average nut intake per person. METHODS We evaluated 7,216 men and women aged 55 to 80 years randomized to 1 of 3 interventions (Mediterranean diets supplemented with nuts or olive oil and control diet) in the PREDIMED ('PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea') study. Nut consumption was assessed at baseline and mortality was ascertained by medical records and linkage to the National Death Index. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression and multivariable analyses with generalized estimating equation models were used to assess the association between yearly repeated measurements of nut consumption and mortality. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 323 total deaths, 81 cardiovascular deaths and 130 cancer deaths occurred. Nut consumption was associated with a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality (P for trend<0.05, all). Compared to non-consumers, subjects consuming nuts>3 servings/week (32% of the cohort) had a 39% lower mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR) 0.61; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.83). A similar protective effect against cardiovascular and cancer mortality was observed. Participants allocated to the Mediterranean diet with nuts group who consumed nuts>3 servings/week at baseline had the lowest total mortality risk (HR 0.37; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.66). CONCLUSIONS Increased frequency of nut consumption was associated with a significantly reduced risk of mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.Please see related commentary: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/11/165. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov. International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 35739639. Registration date: 5 October 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Emilio Ros
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, València, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands and Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, San Pablo Health Center, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ernest Vinyoles
- Primary Health Care Division and Research, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer-Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Josep Basora
- Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:1207-22. [PMID: 23563998 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 479] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors have been associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We reviewed the published evidence and explored associations between risk factors and CRC incidence. METHODS We identified 12 established non-screening CRC risk factors and performed a comprehensive review and meta-analyses to quantify each factor's impact on CRC risk. We used random-effects models of the logarithms of risks across studies: inverse-variance weighted averages for dichotomous factors and generalized least squares for dose-response for multi-level factors. RESULTS Significant risk factors include inflammatory bowel disease (RR = 2.93, 95 % CI 1.79-4.81); CRC history in first-degree relative (RR = 1.80, 95 % CI 1.61-2.02); body mass index (BMI) to overall population (RR = 1.10 per 8 kg/m(2) increase, 95 % CI 1.08-1.12); physical activity (RR = 0.88, 95 % CI 0.86-0.91 for 2 standard deviations increased physical activity score); cigarette smoking (RR = 1.06, 95 % CI 1.03-1.08 for 5 pack-years); and consumption of red meat (RR = 1.13, 95 % CI 1.09-1.16 for 5 servings/week), fruit (RR = 0.85, 95 % CI 0.75-0.96 for 3 servings/day), and vegetables (RR = 0.86, 95 % CI 0.78-0.94 for 5 servings/day). CONCLUSIONS We developed a comprehensive risk modeling strategy that incorporates multiple effects to predict an individual's risk of developing CRC. Inflammatory bowel disease and history of CRC in first-degree relatives are associated with much higher risk of CRC. Increased BMI, red meat intake, cigarette smoking, low physical activity, low vegetable consumption, and low fruit consumption were associated with moderately increased risk of CRC.
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Yu J, Goktepe I, Ahmedna M. Enzymatic treatment of peanut butter to reduce the concentration of major peanut allergens. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Yu
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences; North Carolina A&T State University; 1601 East Market Street; Greensboro; NC; 27411; USA
| | - Ipek Goktepe
- College of Arts and Sciences; Qatar University; P.O. Box 2713; Doha; Qatar
| | - Mohamed Ahmedna
- Centre for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies; North Carolina Research Campus; 500 Laureate Way, Suite 4222; Kannapolis; NC; 28081; USA
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Nagel JM, Brinkoetter M, Magkos F, Liu X, Chamberland JP, Shah S, Zhou J, Blackburn G, Mantzoros CS. Dietary walnuts inhibit colorectal cancer growth in mice by suppressing angiogenesis. Nutrition 2011; 28:67-75. [PMID: 21795022 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Animal studies have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with flaxseed oil inhibits colorectal cancer growth. Recent data indicate that walnuts have strong antiproliferative properties against colon cancer cells in vitro but no previous study has assessed the effects of walnuts in vivo or performed a joint evaluation of flaxseed oil and walnuts. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of dietary walnuts on colorectal cancer in vivo and to comparatively evaluate their efficacy in relation to flaxseed oil. METHODS HT-29 human colon cancer cells were injected in 6-wk-old female nude mice. After a 1-wk acclimation period, mice (n = 48) were randomized to diets containing ∼19% of total energy from walnuts, flaxseed oil, or corn oil (control) and were subsequently studied for 25 d. RESULTS Tumor growth rate was significantly slower in walnut-fed and flaxseed-fed mice compared with corn oil-fed animals (P < 0.05) by 27% and 43%, respectively. Accordingly, final tumor weight was reduced by 33% and 44%, respectively (P < 0.05 versus control); the differences between walnut and flaxseed diets did not reach significance. We found no differences among groups in metabolic and hormonal profile, serum antioxidant capacity, or inflammation (P > 0.05). However, walnuts and flaxseed oil significantly reduced serum expression levels of angiogenesis factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (by 30% and 80%, respectively), and approximately doubled total necrotic areas despite smaller tumor sizes (P < 0.05 versus control). Dietary walnuts significantly decreased angiogenesis (CD34 staining; P = 0.017 versus control), whereas this effect did not reach significance in the flaxseed oil group (P = 0.454 versus control). CONCLUSION We conclude that walnuts in the diet inhibit colorectal cancer growth by suppressing angiogenesis. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings in humans and explore underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta M Nagel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
Nuts (tree nuts and peanuts) are nutrient dense foods with complex matrices rich in unsaturated fatty and other bioactive compounds: high-quality vegetable protein, fiber, minerals, tocopherols, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds. By virtue of their unique composition, nuts are likely to beneficially impact health outcomes. Epidemiologic studies have associated nut consumption with a reduced incidence of coronary heart disease and gallstones in both genders and diabetes in women. Limited evidence also suggests beneficial effects on hypertension, cancer, and inflammation. Interventional studies consistently show that nut intake has a cholesterol-lowering effect, even in the context of healthy diets, and there is emerging evidence of beneficial effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular reactivity. Blood pressure, visceral adiposity and the metabolic syndrome also appear to be positively influenced by nut consumption. Thus it is clear that nuts have a beneficial impact on many cardiovascular risk factors. Contrary to expectations, epidemiologic studies and clinical trials suggest that regular nut consumption is unlikely to contribute to obesity and may even help in weight loss. Safety concerns are limited to the infrequent occurrence of nut allergy in children. In conclusion, nuts are nutrient rich foods with wide-ranging cardiovascular and metabolic benefits, which can be readily incorporated into healthy diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institutd'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pii Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona and Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidady Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
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Vaisman N, Press J, Leibovitz E, Boehm G, Barak V. Health benefits of nut consumption. Nutrients 2010; 2:683-92. [PMID: 22254048 PMCID: PMC3257680 DOI: 10.3390/nu2070683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of a mixture of long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides and acidic oligosaccharides on the number and consistency of stools and on immune system biomarkers in 104 supplemented and non-supplemented subjects (aged 9-24 months) with acute diarrhea. Interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and sIL-2R cytokine levels were determined. The significant decrease in number of stools and increase in stool consistency in the supplemented group was of little clinical relevance. The only significant change in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was decreased TNF-α levels in the supplemented group. Prebiotic supplementation during acute diarrhea episodes did not influence the clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachum Vaisman
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faulty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 64239, Israel
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: ; Tel.: 972-3-6974807; Fax: 972-3-6973973
| | - Josef Press
- Pediatric Emergency Room, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, 84101, Israel;
| | - Eugene Leibovitz
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, 84111, Israel;
| | - Güenther Boehm
- Danone Research Friedrichsdorf, Germany and Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, 3015GJ, The Netherlands;
| | - Vivian Barak
- Immunology Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis, Oncology Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel;
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Legume intake and the risk of cancer: a multisite case-control study in Uruguay. Cancer Causes Control 2009; 20:1605-15. [PMID: 19653110 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-009-9406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that a high intake of legumes may decrease the risk of stomach and prostate cancer and some other cancers. However, the evidence is still limited. To further explore the association between legume intake and cancer risk we conducted a case-control study of 11 cancer sites in Uruguay between 1996 and 2004, including 3,539 cancer cases and 2,032 hospital controls. RESULTS The highest versus the lowest tertile of legume intake was associated with a significant decrease in the risk of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34-0.68), esophagus (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38-0.77), larynx (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.40-0.77), upper aerodigestive tract (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.40-0.63), stomach (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49-0.97), colorectum (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.32-0.59), kidney (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.24-0.71), and all sites combined (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.59-0.78). No significant association was observed between legume intake and cancers of the lung (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.83-1.27), breast (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.65-1.20), prostate (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.64-1.18) or bladder (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.57-1.17). Similar results were found for both beans and lentils. CONCLUSION Higher intake of legumes was associated with a decreased risk of several cancers including those of the upper aerodigestive tract, stomach, colorectum, and kidney, but not lung, breast, prostate or bladder. Further investigations of these associations in prospective cohort studies are warranted.
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Abstract
This article reviews recent epidemiologic evidence on nut intake and health outcomes. It focuses on studies in which nut consumption is directly assessed or when nuts are included in a dietary score or pattern. Epidemiologic studies have been remarkably consistent in showing an association between nut consumption and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Some evidence has emerged recently to suggest health-protective benefits of nuts other than CHD. Frequent nut intake probably reduces risk of diabetes mellitus among women, but its effects on men are unknown. Evidence on the anticarcinogenic effects of nuts is somewhat limited because studies in the past 2 decades have examined only 3 tumor sites, and the benefits appear to be manifested only in women. However, the protective benefits of frequent nut consumption on gallstone diseases are observed in both sexes. Long-term nut consumption is linked with lower body weight and lower risk of obesity and weight gain. A dietary pattern or score that includes nuts is consistently related with beneficial health outcomes, and this provides an indirect evidence of the salutary benefits of nut consumption. More longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the possible effects of nuts on diseases other than CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sabaté
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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Davis PA, Jenab M, Vanden Heuvel JP, Furlong T, Taylor S. Tree nut and peanut consumption in relation to chronic and metabolic diseases including allergy. J Nutr 2008; 138:1757S-1762S. [PMID: 18716182 DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.9.1757s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The New and Emerging Research session highlighted the emerging understanding of both the positive and negative effects of nuts consumption on health. The limited nature of both experimental and epidemiological evidence for positive relationship(s) between nut intake and health were noted. Study inconsistency and limitations, particularly survey methodology, were explored. Recent results from epidemiologic studies indicating a potential negative association between nut and seed intake and cancer risk were reviewed. The ability of walnuts to reduce endothelin suggests an interesting biochemical mechanism of nut action that may affect other endothelin-associated diseases, which should be further explored. The effects of nuts and their constituents on a nuclear receptor screen (PPARalpha, beta/delta, gamma, LXRalpha, beta, RXRalpha, beta, gamma, PXR, and FXR) have been explored. Nut allergenicity and approaches necessary to minimize this effect were also described. In contrast to the positive effects, nut allergies present tree nut-allergic consumers with health challenges. The Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network stressed the importance of ensuring that consumers with food allergies have legible, accurate food labels. The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act has engendered precautionary, worst-case allergen scenario labeling statements with unknown benefits to consumer health. Issues of cross-contamination due to shared equipment and shared facilities highlighted the need to rely on allergen control programs that use ELISA technology and have increased understanding of nut allergens. Ultimately, to maximize the positive benefits of nuts, the consumer must be provided with all the information required to make an informed choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Davis
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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