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Alqudah A, Qnais E, Gammoh O, Bseiso Y, Wedyan M, Alqudah M, Hatahet T. Cirsimaritin Alleviates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis in Experimental Animals: A Therapeutic Approach for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2024; 29:31-39. [PMID: 38576881 PMCID: PMC10987388 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2024.29.1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that affects the entire digestive tract. IBD can be classified as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. The key symptoms of IBD include the emergence of abscesses or pustules, pronounced abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, fistulas, and intestinal narrowing, all of which can greatly affect a patient's daily well-being. Several factors, including bacterial infections, immune response irregularities, and changes in the intestinal milieu, can contribute to the onset of IBD. The aim of this study was investigating the role of cirsimaritin in reducing the severity of colitis in animal model. To induce colitis in laboratory Swiss albino mice, a 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) concoction was provided in their hydration source for a duration of six days. Before the onset of colitis, mice were treated with cirsimaritin (10 mg/kg) once daily to evaluate its potential treatment effects against DSS-induced inflammation. The results showed that 10 mg/kg of cirsimaritin decreased colitis severity (P<0.05). Moreover, cirsimaritin successfully reversed the detrimental effects induced by DSS, including weight reduction, colon truncation, tissue-related damage, increased levels of inflammatory cells in the affected region, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Our findings suggest that cirsimaritin can effectively alleviate acute colitis triggered by DSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahim Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Esam Qnais
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Omar Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Yousra Bseiso
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Wedyan
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alqudah
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Taher Hatahet
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
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2
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Tan L, Li X, Qin H, Zhang Q, Wang J, Chen T, Zhang C, Zhang X, Tan Y. Identified S100A9 as a target for diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis by bioinformatics analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5517. [PMID: 38448514 PMCID: PMC10917761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55944-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory bowel disease. UC confronts with severe challenges including the unclear pathogenesis and lack of specific diagnostic markers, demanding for identifying predictive biomarkers for UC diagnosis and treatment. We perform immune infiltration and weighted gene co-expression network analysis on gene expression profiles of active UC, inactive UC, and normal controls to identify UC related immune cell and hub genes. Neutrophils, M1 macrophages, activated dendritic cells, and activated mast cells are significantly enriched in active UC. MMP-9, CHI3L1, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCR2 and S100A9 are identified as hub genes in active UC. Specifically, S100A9 is significantly overexpressed in mice with colitis. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrates the excellent performance of S100A9 expression in diagnosing active UC. Inhibition of S100A9 expression reduces DSS-induced colonic inflammation. These identified biomarkers associated with activity in UC patients enlighten the new insights of UC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Tan
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People' Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xin Li
- Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong Qin
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People' Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Haiyan County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, 314399, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People' Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Tao Chen
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People' Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People' Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People' Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China.
| | - Yuyan Tan
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People' Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China.
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Wushouer X, Aximujiang K, Kadeer N, Aihemaiti A, Zhong L, Yunusi K. Effect of huankuile on colon injury in rats with ulcerative colitis by reducing TNF-α and MMP9. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:102. [PMID: 38321559 PMCID: PMC10845565 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of huankuile (HKL) in colon injury repair in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Fifty SPF Wistar male rats were divided randomly into a normal group, a negative control group, an HKL intervention group ('HKL group') and a 5-aminosalicylic acid intervention group ('5-ASA group'). After 14 days of intervention with corresponding drugs, pathological scores were obtained using the results of immunohistochemical staining; morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the mRNA expression levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS After the successful construction of the rat model, it was compared with the rats in the normal group. In the negative group, it was found that the expression of TNF-α and MMP9 was significantly increased in the colonic mucosal epithelia of the rats, the pathological score was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, MMP9 and IL-13 were increased (P < 0.05). After treatment with HKL, the colonic morphology of the rats returned to normal, the expression of TNF-α and MMP9 in the colonic mucosal epithelium of the rats returned to normal, the pathological score grade was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, MMP9 and IL-13 were reduced; these results were largely consistent with those of the normal group, with no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION HKL effectively improved the general symptoms and tissue injury in UC rats, and the therapeutic effect was better than that of 5-ASA group. Ulcerative colitis in rats increased the expression of TNF-α, MMP9 and IL-13. HKL repaired UC-induced colonic injury in rats by decreasing the expression of TNF-α, MMP9 and IL-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilinguli Wushouer
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
- Xinjiang key laboratory of Molecular Biology for endemic diseases, Urumqi , 830054, China
| | - Kasimujiang Aximujiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Nafeisha Kadeer
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Abulaiti Aihemaiti
- The Functional Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Li Zhong
- The Functional Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Kurexi Yunusi
- UygurMedical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
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Liu F, Xu W, Wang Y, Huang Z, Zhu Z, Ou W, Tang W, Fu J, Liu C, Gu Y, Liu Y, Du P. LAMB3 Promotes Intestinal Inflammation Through SERPINA3 and Is Directly Transcriptionally Regulated by P65 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:257-272. [PMID: 37454278 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various extracellular matrix (ECM) reshaping events are involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). LAMB3 is a vital subunit of laminin-332, an important ECM component. Data on the biological function of LAMB3 in intestinal inflammation are lacking. Our aim is to discuss the effect of LAMB3 in IBD. METHODS LAMB3 expression was assessed in cultured intestinal epithelial cells, inflamed mucosal tissues of patients and mouse colitis models. RNA sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to detect the LAMB3 expression distribution and potential downstream target genes. Dual-luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to determine whether P65 could transcriptionally activate LAMB3 under tumor necrosis factor α stimulation. RESULTS LAMB3 expression was increased in inflammatory states in intestinal epithelial cells and colonoids and was associated with adverse clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease. Knockdown of LAMB3 inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, LAMB3 expression was directly transcriptionally activated by P65 and was inhibited by nuclear factor kappa B inhibitors under tumor necrosis factor α stimulation. Furthermore, RNA sequencing and replenishment experiments revealed that LAMB3 upregulated SERPINA3 to promote intestinal inflammation via the integrin α3β1/FAK pathway. CONCLUSION We propose that LAMB3 could serve as a potential therapeutic target of IBD and a predictor of intestinal stenosis of Crohn's disease. Our findings demonstrate the important role of ECM in the progression of IBD and offer an experimental basis for the treatment and prognosis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaosheng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhehui Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Ou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Fu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenying Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubei Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Sampaio Moura N, Schledwitz A, Alizadeh M, Patil SA, Raufman JP. Matrix metalloproteinases as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in colitis-associated cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1325095. [PMID: 38288108 PMCID: PMC10824561 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1325095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic approaches for advanced CRC are limited and rarely provide long-term benefit. Enzymes comprising the 24-member matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family of zinc- and calcium-dependent endopeptidases are key players in extracellular matrix degradation, a requirement for colon tumor expansion, invasion, and metastasis; hence, MMPs are an important research focus. Compared to sporadic CRC, less is known regarding the molecular mechanisms and the role of MMPs in the development and progression of colitis-associated cancer (CAC) - CRC on a background of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - primarily ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Hence, the potential of MMPs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CAC is uncertain. Our goal was to review data regarding the role of MMPs in the development and progression of CAC. We sought to identify promising prognostic and therapeutic opportunities and novel lines of investigation. A key observation is that since MMPs may be more active in early phases of CAC, using MMPs as biomarkers of advancing neoplasia and as potential therapeutic targets for adjuvant therapy in those with advanced stage primary CAC rather than overt metastases may yield more favorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sampaio Moura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alyssa Schledwitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Madeline Alizadeh
- The Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Seema A. Patil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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6
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Britzen-Laurent N, Weidinger C, Stürzl M. Contribution of Blood Vessel Activation, Remodeling and Barrier Function to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065517. [PMID: 36982601 PMCID: PMC10051397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) consist of a group of chronic inflammatory disorders with a complex etiology, which represent a clinical challenge due to their often therapy-refractory nature. In IBD, inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is characterized by strong and sustained leukocyte infiltration, resulting in the loss of epithelial barrier function and subsequent tissue destruction. This is accompanied by the activation and the massive remodeling of mucosal micro-vessels. The role of the gut vasculature in the induction and perpetuation of mucosal inflammation is receiving increasing recognition. While the vascular barrier is considered to offer protection against bacterial translocation and sepsis after the breakdown of the epithelial barrier, endothelium activation and angiogenesis are thought to promote inflammation. The present review examines the respective pathological contributions of the different phenotypical changes observed in the microvascular endothelium during IBD, and provides an overview of potential vessel-specific targeted therapy options for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Britzen-Laurent
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Translational Research Center, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Carl Weidinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Translational Research Center, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Peters LA, Friedman JR, Stojmirovic A, Hagen J, Houten S, Dodatko T, Amaro MP, Restrepo P, Chai Z, Rodrigo Mora J, Raymond HA, Curran M, Dobrin R, Das A, Xiong H, Schadt EE, Argmann C, Losic B. A temporal classifier predicts histopathology state and parses acute-chronic phasing in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Commun Biol 2023; 6:95. [PMID: 36694043 PMCID: PMC9873918 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04469-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have conducted time course characterization of murine colitis models through transcriptional profiling of differential expression. We characterize the transcriptional landscape of acute and chronic models of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and adoptive transfer (AT) colitis to derive temporal gene expression and splicing signatures in blood and colonic tissue in order to capture dynamics of colitis remission and relapse. We identify sub networks of patient-derived causal networks that are enriched in these temporal signatures to distinguish acute and chronic disease components within the broader molecular landscape of IBD. The interaction between the DSS phenotype and chronological time-point naturally defines parsimonious temporal gene expression and splicing signatures associated with acute and chronic phases disease (as opposed to ordinary time-specific differential expression/splicing). We show these expression and splicing signatures are largely orthogonal, i.e. affect different genetic bodies, and that using machine learning, signatures are predictive of histopathological measures from both blood and intestinal data in murine colitis models as well as an independent cohort of IBD patients. Through access to longitudinal multi-scale profiling from disease tissue in IBD patient cohorts, we can apply this machine learning pipeline to generation of direct patient temporal multimodal regulatory signatures for prediction of histopathological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Peters
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Joshua R. Friedman
- grid.476706.40000 0004 7647 0615Spark Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Aleksandar Stojmirovic
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Jacob Hagen
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Sander Houten
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Tetyana Dodatko
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Mariana P. Amaro
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Paula Restrepo
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Zhi Chai
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - J. Rodrigo Mora
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.479574.c0000 0004 1791 3172Moderna, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Holly A. Raymond
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Mark Curran
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Radu Dobrin
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Philadelphia, PA USA ,Pathos AI, Berwyn, PA USA
| | - Anuk Das
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Huabao Xiong
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Bojan Losic
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.511203.4Present Address: Guardant Health, Redwood City, CA USA
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Pathogenesis of Fistulating Crohn's Disease: A Review. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:1-11. [PMID: 36184031 PMCID: PMC9667304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Sustained, transmural inflammation of the bowel wall may result in the development of a fistula in Crohn's disease (CD). Fistula formation is a recognized complication and cause of morbidity, occurring in 40% of patients with CD. Despite advanced treatment, one-third of patients experience recurrent fistulae. Development of targeting treatment for fistulae will be dependent on a more in depth understanding of its pathogenesis. Presently, pathogenesis of CD-associated fistulae remains poorly defined, in part due to the lack of accepted in vitro tissue models recapitulating the pathogenic cellular lesions linked to fistulae and limited in vivo models. This review provides a synthesis of the existing knowledge of the histopathological, immune, cellular, genetic, and microbial contributions to the pathogenesis of CD-associated fistulae including the widely accredited contribution of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases, and overexpression of invasive molecules, resulting in tissue remodeling and subsequent fistula formation. We conclude by exploring how we might utilize advancing technologies to verify and broaden our current understanding while exploring novel causal pathways to provide further inroads to future therapeutic targets.
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Yan Q, Jia L, Wen B, Wu Y, Zeng Y, Wang Q. Clostridium butyricum Protects Against Pancreatic and Intestinal Injury After Severe Acute Pancreatitis via Downregulation of MMP9. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919010. [PMID: 35924043 PMCID: PMC9342915 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). In addition, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) plays an important role in intestinal injury in SAP. Thus, we aimed to determine whether gut microbiota could regulate the intestinal injury during SAP via modulating MMP9.Methods: In this study, the fecal samples of patients with SAP (n = 72) and healthy controls (n = 32) were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In addition, to investigate the association between gut microbiota and MMP9 in intestinal injury during SAP, we established MMP9 stable knockdown Caco2 and HT29 cells in vitro and generated a MMP9 knockout (MMP9−/−) mouse model of SAP in vivo.Results: We found that the abundance of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) was significantly decreased in the SAP group. In addition, overexpression of MMP9 notably downregulated the expressions of tight junction proteins and upregulated the expressions of p-p38 and p-ERK in Caco2 and HT29 cells (p < 0.05). However, C. butyricum or butyrate treatment remarkably upregulated the expressions of tight junction proteins and downregulated the expressions of MMP9, p-p38 and p-ERK in MMP9-overexpressed Caco2 and HT29 cells (p < 0.05). Importantly, C. butyricum or butyrate could not affect the expressions of tight junction proteins, and MMP9, p-p38 and p-ERK proteins in MMP9-knockdown cells compared with MMP9-knockdown group. Consistently, C. butyricum or butyrate could not attenuate pancreatic and intestinal injury during SAP in MMP9−/− mice compared with the SAP group.Conclusion: Collectively, C. butyricum could protect against pancreatic and intestinal injury after SAP via downregulation of MMP9 in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Jia,
| | - Biyan Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nan Chang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanbo Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Sanguinarine-Chelerythrine Fraction of Coptis chinensis Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity in Carrageenan Paw Oedema Test in Rats and Reveals Reduced Gastrotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1504929. [PMID: 35340213 PMCID: PMC8942652 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1504929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are a common therapeutic problem and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not deprived of side effects, of which ulcerogenic activity is one of the most frequent. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the sanguinarine-chelerythrine (SC) fraction of Coptis chinensis and its influence on the integrity of gastric mucosa. The study was conducted on sixty male rats randomly divided into six experimental groups: two control groups (a negative control group CON and a positive control group CAR); three groups receiving an investigational fraction of C. chinensis (1, 5, 10 mg/kg i.g.) named SC1, SC5, and SC10, respectively; and a group receiving indomethacin (IND) (10 mg/kg i.g.) as a reference drug. In all animals, the carrageenan-induced paw oedema was measured; PGE2 release, TNFα production, and MMP-9 concentration in inflamed tissue were determined. Additionally, the macroscopic and microscopic damage of gastric mucosa was evaluated. Administration of SC dose-dependently inhibited the second phase of carrageenan rat paw oedema and PGE2 release, decreased the production of TNFα, and reduced the concentration of MMP-9, and the efficacy of the highest dose was comparable to the effect of IND. Contrary to IND, no gastrotoxic activity of SC was detected. The investigated sanguinarine-chelerythrine fraction of C. chinensis seems to be a promising candidate for further research on new anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs characterized with a safer gastric profile compared to existing NSAIDs.
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Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentration as a marker of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 33:e803-e809. [PMID: 34678857 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), determining the appropriate treatment and follow-up of patients rely mainly on endoscopy and biopsy. Finding a sensitive, specific, cost-effective and less-invasive biomarker is the focus of much of the current research in this field. The aim was to investigate the relation between serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels and disease activity in patients with IBD, correlating with clinical and endoscopic indices of disease activity and with treatment received. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty patients (30 with ulcerative colitis, 30 with Crohn's disease) and 20 controls were included. Serum MMP-9 levels were measured for all patients and controls by ELISA. Clinical activity was determined by partial Mayo score for patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's Disease Activity Index for patients with Crohn's disease, and endoscopic activity was assessed using Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity for patients with ulcerative colitis and Simple Endoscopic Score of Crohn's disease for patients with Crohn's disease. RESULTS Serum MMP-9 was higher in patients with active ulcerative colitis than in patients with inactive disease and the control group. Serum MMP-9 was also higher in patients with active Crohn's disease than in patients with inactive disease and the control group. In both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease groups, there was a significant difference between serum MMP-9 levels in patients receiving conventional treatment and those on biological treatment, with lower levels of the marker detected in the sera of patients subgroups receiving biologics. CONCLUSION Serum MMP-9 can be used to differentiate between active and inactive IBD (including both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease).
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Mateus AP, Mourad M, Power DM. Skin damage caused by scale loss modifies the intestine of chronically stressed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 118:103989. [PMID: 33385418 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to test if the damage caused by scale loss provokes a change in other innate immune barriers such as the intestine and how chronic stress affects this response. Sea bream (Sparus aurata) were kept in tanks at low density (16 kg m-3, LD) or exposed to a chronic high density (45 kg m-3, HD) stress for 4 weeks. Scales were then removed (approximately 50%) from the left flank in the LD and HD fish. Intestine samples (n = 8/group) were examined before and at 12 h, 3 days and 7 days after scale removal. Changes in the morphology of the intestine revealed that chronic stress and scale loss was associated with intestinal inflammation. Specifically, enterocyte height and the width of the lamina propria, submucosa and muscle layer were significantly increased (p < 0.05) 3 days after skin damage in fish under chronic stress (HD) compared to other treatments (LDWgut3d or HDgut0h). This was associated with a significant up-regulation (p < 0.05) in the intestine of gene transcripts for cell proliferation (pcna) and anti-inflammatory cytokine tgfβ1 and down-regulation of gene transcripts for the pro-inflammatory cytokines tnf-α and il1β (p < 0.05) in HD and LD fish 3 days after scale removal compared to the undamaged control (LDgut0h). Furthermore, a significant up-regulation of kit, a marker of mast cells, in the intestine of HDWgut3d and LDWgut3d fish suggests they may mediate the crosstalk between immune barriers. Skin damage induced an increase in cortisol levels in the anterior intestine in HDWgut12 h fish and significant (p < 0.05) down-regulation of mr expression, irrespective of stress. These results suggest glucocorticoid levels and signalling in the intestine of fish are modified by superficial cutaneous wounds and it likely modulates intestine inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Mateus
- Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Mona Mourad
- Laboratory of Fish Reproduction and Spawning, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Kayet-bey, Al-Anfoushy, 21556, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Deborah M Power
- Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Mariaule V, Kriaa A, Soussou S, Rhimi S, Boudaya H, Hernandez J, Maguin E, Lesner A, Rhimi M. Digestive Inflammation: Role of Proteolytic Dysregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062817. [PMID: 33802197 PMCID: PMC7999743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the proteolytic balance is often associated with diseases. Serine proteases and matrix metalloproteases are involved in a multitude of biological processes and notably in the inflammatory response. Within the framework of digestive inflammation, several studies have stressed the role of serine proteases and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) as key actors in its pathogenesis and pointed to the unbalance between these proteases and their respective inhibitors. Substantial efforts have been made in developing new inhibitors, some of which have reached clinical trial phases, notwithstanding that unwanted side effects remain a major issue. However, studies on the proteolytic imbalance and inhibitors conception are directed toward host serine/MMPs proteases revealing a hitherto overlooked factor, the potential contribution of their bacterial counterpart. In this review, we highlight the role of proteolytic imbalance in human digestive inflammation focusing on serine proteases and MMPs and their respective inhibitors considering both host and bacterial origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Mariaule
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Aicha Kriaa
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Souha Soussou
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Soufien Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Houda Boudaya
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Juan Hernandez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences (Oniris), University of Nantes, 101 Route de Gachet, 44300 Nantes, France;
| | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, PL80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Moez Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (V.M.); (A.K.); (S.S.); (S.R.); (H.B.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) was a type of inflammatory bowel diseases, which was difficult to cure and even would malignant turn into colon cancer. The specific etiology and molecular mechanism of UC were unclear to date. The purpose of this study was to search for new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of UC. METHODS Firstly, we downloaded the gene expression data of UC from the gene expression omnibus database database (GSE107499), and used multiple bioinformatics methods to find differently expressed genes (DEGs) in UC. Subsequently, we evaluated the lymphocyte infiltration in UC inflamed colon tissue by using the cell type identification by estimating relative subset of known RNA transcripts method. RESULTS We obtained 1175 DEGs and 8 hub genes (IL6, TNF, PTPRC, CXCL8, FN1, CD44, IL1B, and MMP9) in this study. Among them, 903 DEGs were up-regulated and 272 DEGs were down-regulated. Compared with non-inflamed colon tissues, the inflamed colon tissues had higher levels of memory B cells, activated memory CD4 T cells, follicular helper T cells, M1 macrophages, resting dendritic cells, activated dendritic cells, activated mast cells, and neutrophils, whereas the proportions of plasma cells, resting memory CD4 T cells, gamma delta T cells, activated NK cells, M2 macrophages and resting mast cells were relatively lower. CONCLUSIONS The DEGs, hub genes and different lymphatic infiltration conditions can provide new targets for diagnosis and treatment of UC. However, these were just predictions through some theoretical methods, and more basic experiments will be needed to prove in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guixiu Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen
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Extracellular Matrix Fragments of the Basement Membrane and the Interstitial Matrix Are Serological Markers of Intestinal Tissue Remodeling and Disease Activity in Dextran Sulfate Sodium Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:3134-3142. [PMID: 31123972 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic intestinal inflammation results in tissue damage partly caused by an increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity causing degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We studied intestinal tissue remodeling by quantifying ECM protein fragments in serum in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, to investigate ECM protein fragments as serological biomarkers of intestinal tissue remodeling and disease activity. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days followed by 11 days with regular water. Disease activity index (DAI) was scored daily. Serum was collected on day 0, 6, 7, and 16. ELISAs were used to quantify MMP-derived remodeling fragments of basement membrane type IV collagen (C4M and PRO-C4) and interstitial matrix type III collagen (C3M and rPRO-C3). RESULTS In DSS rats, serum levels relative to baseline of C4M, PRO-C4, and C3M were elevated (P < 0.01; P < 0.001; P < 0.001) at day 7, which declined at day 16. Levels of rPRO-C3 were lower in DSS rats at day 7 and increased to normal levels at day 16. The ratio between C3M and rPRO-C3 showed an overall degradation (P < 0.0001) of collagen type III in DSS rats at day 7, which correlated to the DAI (r2 = 0.5588, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that remodeling of the basement membrane (C4M and PRO-C4) and the interstitial matrix (C3M and rPRO-C3) increased during DSS-induced colitis and declined with reversal of the disease. Thus, serological biochemical biomarkers of the ECM reflect tissue remodeling and could be studied as markers of disease activity in IBD.
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Guo G, Shi W, Shi F, Gong W, Li F, Zhou G, She J. Anti-inflammatory effects of eriocitrin against the dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in murine model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22400. [PMID: 31593355 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a continual ailment condition which engrosses the entire alimentary canal. The IBD can be primarily distinguished into two forms, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. The major symptoms of IBD include pustules or abscesses, severe abdominal pain, diarrhea, fistula, and stenosis, which may directly affect the patient's quality of life. A variety of mediators can stimulate the circumstances of IBD, some examples include infections by microbes such as bacteria, perturbation of the immune system and the surrounding environment of the intestines. Severe colitis was stimulated in the experimental animals through administering 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) which is mixed in water ad libitum for 6 days. Eriocitrin (30 mg/kg) was then administered to the experimental animals followed by the induction of severe colitis to evaluate the therapeutic prospective of eriocitrin against the colon inflammation stimulated by DSS. In this study, eriocitrin (30 mg/kg) demonstrated significant (P < .05) attenuation activity against the DSS-stimulated severe colitis in experimental animals. Eriocitrin counteracted all of the clinical deleterious effects induced by DSS, such as body-weight loss, colon shortening, histopathological injury, accretion of infiltrated inflammatory cells at the inflamed region and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. The results clearly showed that eriocitrin effectively attenuated DSS-induced acute colitis in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feiyu Shi
- Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
| | - Wenqing Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fanni Li
- Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
| | - Guangju Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjun She
- Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
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Dempsey E, Abautret-Daly Á, Docherty NG, Medina C, Harkin A. Persistent central inflammation and region specific cellular activation accompany depression- and anxiety-like behaviours during the resolution phase of experimental colitis. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:616-632. [PMID: 31063848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety-related psychological symptoms are increasingly recognised as important co-morbidities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) -induced colitis is an animal model of IBD in which afferent activation of the gut-brain axis can be assessed and explored as a source of behavioural change. Exposure of adult male Wistar rats to DSS (5%) in drinking water induced distal colitis. In parallel to local inflammatory responses in the gut wall, increased expression of IL-6 and iNOS was found in the cerebral cortex and an increase in ventricular volume. Immunoreactivity of immediate early gene FosB/ΔFosB activation was measured as an index of cellular activation and was increased in the nucleus accumbens and dorsal raphe nucleus in acutely colitic animals. Following resolution of the acute colitic response, sustained anhedonia in the saccharin preference test, immobility in the forced swim test, reduced burying behaviour in the marble burying test, and mild signs of anxiety in the elevated plus maze and light/dark box were observed. Central increases in iNOS expression persisted during the recovery phase and mapped to reactive microglia, particularly those found in the parenchyma surrounding circumventricular regions. Evidence of associated nitration was also found. Sustained increases in ventricular volume and reduced T2 magnetic resonance relaxometry time in cortical regions were observed during the recovery period. FosB/ΔFosB activation was evident in the dorsal raphe during recovery. Persistent central inflammation and cellular activation may underpin the emergence of symptoms of depression and anxiety in experimental colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Dempsey
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Áine Abautret-Daly
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Neil G Docherty
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Carlos Medina
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew Harkin
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Ko JH, Kang YM, Yang JH, Kim JS, Lee WJ, Kim SH, Yang IH, Moon SH. Regulation of MMP and TIMP expression in synovial fibroblasts from knee osteoarthritis with flexion contracture using adenovirus-mediated relaxin gene therapy. Knee 2019; 26:317-329. [PMID: 30770167 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of relaxin (RLN) expression on fibrosis inhibition in synovial fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissue cells from patients with knee osteoarthritis and >30° flexion contractures were utilised. Synovial fibroblasts were activated by TGF-β1 (two nanograms per millilitre) and then exposed to Ad-RLN as a therapeutic gene, adenovirus-lacZ construct as a marker gene, and SB505124 as an inhibitor for TGF-β1 signal for 48 h. The mRNA expression levels of collagens and MMPs were analysed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Also, fibronectin, phosphorylation of Smad2 and ERK1/2, alpha smooth muscle actin, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, MMP-1 and MMP-13 levels were estimated using western blotting, and the total collagen synthesis was assayed. RESULTS Ad-RLN-transduced synovial fibroblasts demonstrated 17%, 13%, and 48% reduction in collagen I, III and IV mRNA expression levels, respectively, and a 40% decrease in MMP-3, MMP-8, 20% decrease in MMP-9, MMP-13 mRNA expression, compared to non-Ad-RLN-transduced cells. In protein expression, Ad-RLN-transduced synovial fibroblasts demonstrated 46% increase in MMP-1, 5% decrease in MMP-2, 51% increase in MMP-9, and 22% increase in MMP-13, compared to non-Ad-RLN-transduced cells. Ad-RLN-transduced synovial fibroblasts showed a 25% decrease in TIMP-1 and 65% decrease in TIMP-2 protein expression at 48h, compared to non-Ad-RLN-transduced cells. Ad-RLN-transduced synovial fibroblasts demonstrated a 45% inhibition of fibronectin in protein expression level and 38% decrease in total collagen synthesis at 48h, compared to non-Ad-RLN-transduced cells. CONCLUSION Relaxin expression exerted anti-fibrogenic effects on synovial fibroblasts from patients with knee osteoarthritis and flexion contractures. Therefore, relaxin could be an alternative therapeutic agent during the initial stage of osteoarthritis with flexion contracture by exerting its anti-fibrogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Han Ko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Barun Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sup Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jai Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick Hwan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Moon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Al-Sadi R, Youssef M, Rawat M, Guo S, Dokladny K, Haque M, Watterson MD, Ma TY. MMP-9-induced increase in intestinal epithelial tight permeability is mediated by p38 kinase signaling pathway activation of MLCK gene. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G278-G290. [PMID: 30543452 PMCID: PMC6397336 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00126.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been implicated as being an important pathogenic factor in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MMP-9 is markedly elevated in intestinal tissue of patients with IBD, and IBD patients have a defective intestinal tight-junction (TJ) barrier manifested by an increase in intestinal permeability. The loss of intestinal epithelial barrier function is an important contributing factor in the development and prolongation of intestinal inflammation; however, the role of MMP-9 in intestinal barrier function remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of MMP-9 on the intestinal epithelial TJ barrier and to delineate the intracellular mechanisms involved by using in vitro (filter-grown Caco-2 monolayers) and in vivo (mouse small intestine recycling perfusion) systems. MMP-9 caused a time- and dose-dependent increase in Caco-2 TJ permeability. MMP-9 also caused an increase in myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) gene activity, protein expression, and enzymatic activity. The pharmacological MLCK inhibition and siRNA-induced knockdown of MLCK inhibited the MMP-9-induced increase in Caco-2 TJ permeability. MMP-9 caused a rapid activation of the p38 kinase signaling pathway and inhibition of p38 kinase activity prevented the MMP-9-induced increase in MLCK gene activity and the increase in Caco-2 TJ permeability. MMP-9 also caused an increase in mouse intestinal permeability in vivo, which was accompanied by an increase in MLCK expression. The MMP-9-induced increase in mouse intestinal permeability was inhibited in MLCK-deficient mice. These data show for the first time that the MMP-9-induced increase in intestinal TJ permeability in vitro and in vivo was mediated by the p38 kinase signal transduction pathway upregulation of MLCK gene activity and that therapeutic targeting of these pathways can prevent the MMP-9-induced increase in intestinal TJ permeability. NEW & NOTEWORTHY MMP-9 is highly elevated in patients with IBD. IBD patients have compromised intestinal TJ barrier function manifested by an increase in intestinal permeability and intestinal inflammation. This study shows that MMP-9, at clinically achievable concentrations, causes an increase in intestinal TJ permeability in vitro and in vivo. In addition, a MMP-9-induced increase in intestinal TJ permeability was mediated by an increase in MLCK gene and protein expression via the p38 kinase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Al-Sadi
- 1Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Moustafa Youssef
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Manmeet Rawat
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Shuhong Guo
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Karol Dokladny
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Mohammad Haque
- 1Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Thomas Y. Ma
- 1Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania,2Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Comparisons of gut microbiota profiles in wild-type and gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase-9-deficient mice in acute DSS-induced colitis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2018; 4:18. [PMID: 30181895 PMCID: PMC6120875 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-018-0059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota help to educate the immune system and a number of involved immune cells were recently characterized. However, specific molecular determinants in these processes are not known, and, reciprocally, little information exists about single host determinants that alter the microbiota. Gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), an innate immune regulator and effector, has been suggested as such a host determinant. In this study, acute colitis was induced in co-housed MMP-9-/- mice (n = 10) and their wild-type (WT) littermates (n = 10) via oral administration of 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days followed by 2 days of regular drinking water. Control mice (10 WT and 10 MMP-9-/-) received normal drinking water. Fecal samples were collected at time of sacrifice and immediately frozen at −80 °C. Microbiota analysis was performed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing on Illumina MiSeq and taxonomic annotation was performed using the Ribosomal Database Project as reference. Statistical analysis correcting for multiple testing was done using R. No significant differences in clinical or histopathological parameters were found between both genotypes with DSS-induced colitis. Observed microbial richness at genus level and microbiota composition were not significantly influenced by host genotype. In contrast, weight loss, disease activity index, cage, and phenotype did significantly influence the intestinal microbiota composition. After multivariate analysis, cage and phenotype were identified as the sole drivers of microbiota composition variability. In conclusion, changes in fecal microbiota composition were not significantly altered in MMP-9-deficient mice compared to wild-type littermates, but instead were mainly driven by DSS-induced colonic inflammation. A protein that regulates aspects of the immune system has been proposed to influence gut microbial populations implicated in the inflammatory conditions known as colitis, but new evidence suggests the protein has no such effect. Ghislain Opdenakker and colleagues at the Rega Institute for Medical Research in Belgium examined the issue in mice with chemically induced colitis. The gut microbes of normal “wild-type” animals were compared with those in animals lacking the gene for the protein, “gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase-9”. The absence of the gene, and therefore of the protein it codes for, caused no significant alteration in the gut microbial population. The presence of colitis, however, did alter the gut microbial population relative to mice with no colitis. The results will assist work to understand the networks of cause and effect linking gut microbes and colitis.
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Sandborn WJ, Bhandari BR, Randall C, Younes ZH, Romanczyk T, Xin Y, Wendt E, Chai H, McKevitt M, Zhao S, Sundy JS, Keshav S, Danese S. Andecaliximab [Anti-matrix Metalloproteinase-9] Induction Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2/3 Study in Patients With Moderate to Severe Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2018; 12:1021-1029. [PMID: 29767728 PMCID: PMC6113706 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Matrix metalloproteinase-9 [MMP9] is implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis [UC] via disruption of intestinal barrier integrity and function. A phase 2/3 combined trial was designed to examine the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of the anti-MMP9 antibody, andecaliximab [formerly GS-5745], in patients with moderately to severely active UC. METHODS Patients were randomised [1:1:1] to receive placebo, 150 mg andecaliximab every 2 weeks [Q2W], or 150 mg andecaliximab weekly [QW], via subcutaneous administration. The primary endpoint was endoscopy/bleeding/stool [EBS]-defined clinical remission [endoscopic subscore of 0 or 1, rectal bleeding subscore of 0, and at least a 1-point decrease from baseline in stool frequency to achieve a subscore of 0 or 1] at Week 8. The phase 2/3 trial met prespecified futility criteria and was terminated before completion. This study describes results from the 8-week induction phase. RESULTS Neither 150 mg andecaliximab Q2W or QW resulted in a significant increase vs placebo in the proportion of patients achieving EBS clinical remission at Week 8. Remission rates [95% confidence intervals] were 7.3% [2.0%-17.6%], 7.4% [2.1%-17.9%], and 1.8% [0.0%-9.6%] in the placebo, andecaliximab Q2W, and andecaliximab QW groups, respectively. Similarly, Mayo Clinic Score response, endoscopic response, and mucosal [histological] healing did not differ among groups. Rates of adverse events were comparable among andecaliximab and placebo. CONCLUSIONS Eight weeks of induction treatment with 150 mg andecaliximab in patients with UC did not induce clinical remission or response. Andecaliximab was well tolerated and pharmacokinetic properties were consistent with those previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Sandborn
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Corresponding author: William J. Sandborn, Professor of Medicine and Adjunct Professor of Surgery; Chief, Division of Gastroenterology; Vice Chair for Clinical Operations, Department of Medicine; Director, UCSD IBD Center, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0956, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Tel.: [858] 657-5331; fax [858] 657-5022;
| | | | - Charles Randall
- Gastroenterology Research America and University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Yan Xin
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - Hao Chai
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - Sally Zhao
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - Satish Keshav
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Silvio Danese
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
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Lin X, Li J, Zhao Q, Feng JR, Gao Q, Nie JY. WGCNA Reveals Key Roles of IL8 and MMP-9 in Progression of Involvement Area in Colon of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:252-258. [PMID: 30074183 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease and its involvement area in colon is influenced by a complex network of gene interactions. We analyzed the weighted gene co-expression networks in microarray dataset from colonic mucosa of patients with UC and identified one gene co-expression module that was highly associated with the progression of involved area in UC colon (Pearson coefficient=0.81, P<0.0001). In total, 523 hub genes in this module were found to be involved in immune system process after enrichment analysis in Gene Ontology. By the STRING and Cytoscape analysis, we observed that interleukin-8 (IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were centered in the network of hub genes. We then detected the expression of IL-8 and MMP-9 in mucosa from left-sided colon of patients using quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay respectively. Both quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay revealed the expression levels of IL-8 and MMP-9 were significantly different among the healthy controls, left-sided colitis group and pancolitis group (P<0.05). IL-8 and MMP-9 were detected with an enhanced expression in pancolitis as compared with leftsided colitis and healthy controls, respectively (P<0.05). This study demonstrates that immune system process is indispensable in the progression of disease in colon, and identifies that IL-8 and MMP-9 play potential critical roles for the progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jue-Rong Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jia-Yan Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Betulinic acid alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and visceral pain in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 391:285-297. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Matrix metalloproteinases as regulators of inflammatory processes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2036-2042. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Gawrońska B, Matowicka-Karna J, Kralisz M, Kemona H. Markers of inflammation and influence of nitric oxide on platelet activation in the course of ulcerative colitis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68108-68114. [PMID: 28978100 PMCID: PMC5620240 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a non-specific inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. We investigated whether severe form of ulcerative colitis may lead to increased number of platelets, changes in platelet parameters and their activation. To address our objectives, we measured concentrations of nitric oxide and markers of inflammation. We found increased number of low-volume platelets in a group of affected patients. However, their activity was not as high as expected. In addition to that we observed eight times higher concentration of nitric oxide in patients suffering from ulcerative colitis than in healthy individuals. Besides, severe form of the disease manifested itself with increased concentrations of interleukine 6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and neopterin. Based on the results we propose that high amounts of nitric oxide inhibit platelet activation in severe form of ulcerative colitis. Moreover, our observations regarding interleukine 6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and neopterin suggest that they may become useful markers of active form of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gawrońska
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Matowicka-Karna
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Maciej Kralisz
- Department of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, The Sniadecki Regional Hospital in Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Halina Kemona
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Serum Cyclophilin A Correlates with Increased Tissue MMP-9 in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis, but Not with Crohn's Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:1511-1517. [PMID: 28391416 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is an immunomodulatory protein, high expression of which correlates with poor outcome of patients with inflammatory diseases. However, its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been studied. AIM This study analyzes the correlation between cyclophilin A, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)/MMP-9 complexes in the inflamed and non-inflamed colon mucosa of UC and CD patients. METHODS Serum and biopsy specimens from inflamed and non-inflamed colonic mucosa of 38 patients with IBD (19 with UC and 19 with CD) and 16 controls were included in our study. We measured serum and tissue level of CyPA, and tissue level of TNF-α, MMP-9, TIMP-1/MMP-9, and TIMP-2/MMP-9 using ELISA method. RESULTS Our results indicated that serum, but not tissue CyPA is increased in UC, rather than in CD patients, compared to the control. The increase correlated with higher tissue concentration of MMP-9 and TNF-α, especially in the UC group. Moreover, we observed significantly higher level of TIMP-1/MMP-9 in UC and CD group, which overlapped with the change in MMP-9. There was no change in TIMP-2/MMP-9 in the analyzed groups. CONCLUSION The current study suggests that serum CyPA may be an independent additional marker of IBD, especially of UC. Higher CyPA level may be followed by increased MMP-9 in those patients. However, further studies are necessary to verify the role of CyPA in IBD development.
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Inhibition of gelatinase B/MMP-9 does not attenuate colitis in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15384. [PMID: 28561062 PMCID: PMC5460016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One third of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) inadequately respond to anti-TNF treatment and preclinical data suggest that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a novel therapeutic target. Here we show that IBD clinical and histopathological parameters found in wild type mice challenged with three different models of colitis, acute and chronic dextran sodium sulphate (DSS), and acute 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis are not attenuated in MMP-9 knockout mice. We find similar colonic gene expression profiles in wild type and MMP-9 knockout mice in control and acute DSS conditions with the exception of eleven genes involved in antimicrobial response during colitis. Parameters of chronic colitis are similar in wild type and MMP-9 knockout mice. Pharmacological inhibition of MMP-9 with bio-active peptides does not improve DSS colitis. We suggest that MMP-9 upregulation is a consequence rather than a cause of intestinal inflammation and we question whether MMP-9 represents a disease target in IBD. Metalloproteinase-9 has been suggested as therapeutic target to treat inflammatory bowel disease. Here de Bruyn et al. show that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of metalloproteinase-9 does not ameliorate inflammation and fibrosis in mice challenged with acute and chronic colitis protocols.
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Shin JM, Park JH, Kang B, Lee SA, Park IH, Lee HM. Effect of doxycycline on transforming growth factor-beta-1-induced matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression, migration, and collagen contraction in nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2017; 30:385-390. [PMID: 28124647 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is well known that doxycycline has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of doxycycline on the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 expression, migration, and collagen contraction, and to determine its molecular mechanism on nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDF). METHODS NPDFs were isolated from the nasal polyps of six patients. Doxycycline was used to pretreat TGF-beta-1-induced NPDFs and ex vivo organ cultures of nasal polyps. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. Smad2/3 is one of the major transcription factors of TGF-beta signaling. The expression levels of MMP2 and Smad2/3 were measured by using Western blotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining. The enzymic activity of MMP2 was analyzed by using gelatin zymography. Fibroblast migration was evaluated by using transwell migration assays. Contractile activity was measured by a collagen gel contraction assay. RESULTS The expression level of MMP2 in nasal polyp tissues increased in comparison with inferior turbinate tissues. TGF-beta-1-induced NPDFs were not affected by doxycycline (0-40 μg/mL). The expression levels of MMP2 and activation of Smad2/3 in TGF-beta-1-induced NPDFs and in organ cultures of nasal polyps were significantly downregulated with doxycycline pretreatment. Doxycycline also reduced TGF-beta-1-induced fibroblast migration and collagen contraction in NPDFs. CONCLUSION Doxycycline inhibited TGF-beta-1-induced MMP2 expression, migration, and collagen contraction via the Smad2/3 signal pathways in NPDFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, South Korea
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29
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O'Sullivan S, Wang J, Pigott MT, Docherty N, Boyle N, Lis SK, Gilmer JF, Medina C. Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 by a barbiturate-nitrate hybrid ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis: effect on inflammation-related genes. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:512-524. [PMID: 28079248 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is up-regulated in ulcerative colitis and implicated in the pathology of the disease. In this study, we have examined the effects of a barbiturate-based MMP inhibitor incorporating a nitric oxide donor/mimetic group (dinitrate-barbiturate) on the intestinal injury induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vivo experiments were carried out using male Wistar rats given 5% DSS ad libitum in drinking water. The dinitrate-barbiturate, non-nitrate equivalent, nitrate side chains alone or vehicle were administered rectally, twice daily. MMP-9 release was measured by gelatin zymography, and analysis of gene expression was carried out using RT-qPCR. TaqMan low density arrays were used to evaluate the expression of 91 inflammatory genes in the rat colon. KEY RESULTS The dinitrate-barbiturate inhibited the induction and activity of MMP-9 during DSS colitis in the rat. This occurred in association with significant reductions in the colitic response to DSS as assessed by an established clinical disease activity index and a pathological colitis grade score. The compound modified expression rates of numerous inflammation-related genes in the colon. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrated the efficacy of the dinitrate-barbiturate in DSS-induced colitis. Therefore, barbiturate-nitrate hybrids may be developed as a promising anti-inflammatory approach to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane O'Sullivan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Neil Docherty
- Department of Physiology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noreen Boyle
- Department of Physiology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Samuel Kana Lis
- Department of Physiology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John F Gilmer
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carlos Medina
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Yoshimoto T, Niimi K, Takahashi E. Tranexamic Acid and Supportive Measures to Treat Wasting Marmoset Syndrome. Comp Med 2016; 66:468-473. [PMID: 28304250 PMCID: PMC5157962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wasting marmoset syndrome (WMS) has high incidence and mortality rates and is one of the most important problems in captive common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) colonies. Despite several reports on WMS, little information is available regarding its reliable treatment. We previously reported that marmosets with WMS had high serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). MMP9 is thought to be a key enzyme in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, the main disease state of WMS, and is activated by plasmin, a fibrinolytic factor. In a previous study, treating mice with an antibody to inhibit plasmin prevented the progression of inflammatory bowel disease. Here we examined the efficacy of tranexamic acid, a commonly used plasmin inhibitor, for the treatment of WMS, with supportive measures including amino acid and iron formulations. Six colony marmosets with WMS received tranexamic acid therapy with supportive measures for 8 wk. The body weight, Hct, and serum albumin levels of these 6 marmosets were increased and serum MMP9 levels decreased after this regimen. Therefore, tranexamic acid therapy may be a new and useful treatment for WMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Yoshimoto
- Research Resources Center, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan;,
| | - Kimie Niimi
- Research Resources Center, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan;,
| | - Eiki Takahashi
- Research Resources Center, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
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Anti-MMP-9 Antibody: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Complications with Fibrosis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:2041-57. [PMID: 27542125 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite medical treatments or surgical options, more than one-third of patients with Crohn's disease suffer from recurring fistulae. Matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9), a type IV collagenase that cleaves components of the extracellular matrix leading to tissue remodeling, is upregulated in crypt abscesses and around fistulae suggesting an important role for this enzyme in fistula formation. Our aims were (1) to correlate serum levels of MMP-9 degradation products in patients with CD with the presence of fistulae and (2) to investigate the impact of selective MMP-9 inhibition in a mouse model of intestinal fibrosis. METHODS Serum MMP-9 degradation products were quantified in subjects affected with nonstricturing and nonpenetrating CD (n = 50), stricturing CD (n = 41), penetrating CD (n = 22), CD with perianal fistula (n = 29), and healthy controls (n = 10). Therapeutic efficacy of anti-MMP-9 monoclonal antibodies was assessed in a heterotopic xenograft model of intestinal fibrosis. RESULTS C3M, an MMP-9 degradation product of collagen III, demonstrated the highest serum levels in patients with penetrating CD and differentiated penetrating CD from other CD subgroups and healthy controls, P = 0.0005. Anti-MMP-9 treatments reduced collagen deposition and hydroxyproline content in day-14 intestinal grafts indicating reduced fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS The serologic biomarker C3M can discriminate penetrating CD from other CD subgroups and could serve as marker for the development of penetrating CD. Anti-MMP-9 antibody has therapeutic potential to prevent intestinal fibrosis in CD complications.
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Brauer R, Tureckova J, Kanchev I, Khoylou M, Skarda J, Prochazka J, Spoutil F, Beck IM, Zbodakova O, Kasparek P, Korinek V, Chalupsky K, Karhu T, Herzig KH, Hajduch M, Gregor M, Sedlacek R. MMP-19 deficiency causes aggravation of colitis due to defects in innate immune cell function. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:974-85. [PMID: 26555704 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are potential biomarkers for disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, clinical trials targeting MMPs have not succeeded, likely due to poor understanding of the biological functions of individual MMPs. Here, we explore the role of MMP-19 in IBD pathology. Using a DSS-induced model of colitis, we show evidence for increased susceptibility of Mmp-19-deficient (Mmp-19(-/-)) mice to colitis. Absence of MMP-19 leads to significant disease progression, with reduced survival rates, severe tissue destruction, and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory modulators in the colon and plasma, and failure to resolve inflammation. There was a striking delay in neutrophil infiltration into the colon of Mmp-19(-/-) mice during the acute colitis, leading to persistent inflammation and poor recovery; this was rescued by reconstitution of irradiated Mmp-19(-/-) mice with wild-type bone marrow. Additionally, Mmp-19-deficient macrophages exhibited decreased migration in vivo and in vitro and the mucosal barrier appeared compromised. Finally, chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) was identified as a novel substrate of MMP-19, suggesting a link between insufficient processing of CX3CL1 and cell recruitment in the Mmp-19(-/-) mice. MMP-19 proves to be a critical factor in balanced host response to colonic pathogens, and for orchestrating appropriate innate immune response in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brauer
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic.,Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - J Tureckova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - I Kanchev
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Khoylou
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J Skarda
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J Prochazka
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Spoutil
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - I M Beck
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Zbodakova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Kasparek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Korinek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Chalupsky
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Karhu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - K-H Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Gregor
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Sedlacek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic
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de Bruyn M, Vandooren J, Ugarte-Berzal E, Arijs I, Vermeire S, Opdenakker G. The molecular biology of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in inflammatory bowel diseases. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 51:295-358. [DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2016.1199535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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YOSHIMOTO T, NIIMI K, TAKAHASHI E. Serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) as a biochemical marker for wasting marmoset syndrome. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:837-43. [PMID: 26876041 PMCID: PMC4905840 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) as a non-human primate experimental animal has increased in recent years. Although wasting marmoset syndrome (WMS) is one of the biggest problems in captive marmoset colonies, the molecular mechanisms, biochemical markers for accurate diagnosis and a reliable treatment remain unknown. In this study, as a first step to finding biochemical marker(s) for the accurate diagnosis of WMS, we conducted blood cell counts, including hematocrit, hemoglobin and platelets, and examined serum chemistry values, including albumin, calcium and levels of serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), using a colony of marmosets with and without weight loss. MMP9 is thought to be an enzyme responsible for the degradation of extracellular matrix components and participates in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions, such as human and murine inflammatory bowel disease, which, like WMS, are characterized histologically by inflammatory cell infiltrations in the intestines. The values of hematocrit and hemoglobin and levels of serum albumin and calcium in the WMS group were significantly decreased versus the control group. The platelet values and serum MMP9 concentrations were increased significantly in the WMS group compared with the control group. MMP9 could be a new and useful marker for the diagnosis of WMS in addition to hematocrit, hemoglobin, serum albumin and calcium. Our results also indicate that MMP9 could be a useful molecular candidate for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro YOSHIMOTO
- Research Resources Center, RIKEN Brain Science Institute,
2–1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351–0198, Japan
| | - Kimie NIIMI
- Research Resources Center, RIKEN Brain Science Institute,
2–1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351–0198, Japan
| | - Eiki TAKAHASHI
- Research Resources Center, RIKEN Brain Science Institute,
2–1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351–0198, Japan
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Somani S, Zambad S, Modi K. Mangiferin attenuates DSS colitis in mice: Molecular docking and in vivo approach. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 253:18-26. [PMID: 27125760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative stress and altered mucosal barrier permeability are potential etiopathological or triggering factors for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, the therapeutic potential of Mangiferin was investigated in vivo in mouse model of colitis and also attempts were made to understand mechanistic insights of Mangiferin in IBD. In present study, colitis was induced by administration of 5% DSS for 11 days, followed by 3 days of DSS free period. On day 14, animals were sacrificed and colon tissues were taken for biochemical and histological analysis. Therapeutic treatment with Mangiferin after colitis induction (i.e. day 5) ameliorated symptoms of colitis (presence of blood in stools, body weight loss and diarrhea) as evidenced by reduced DAI score, attenuated the levels of catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO). It also decreased the colonic pro-inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and histopathological score. Molecular docking of Mangiferin against TNF-α and MMP-9 was evaluated using GLIDE software. Mangiferin demonstrated the glide score of -8.04 kcal/mol for TNF-α and -9.97 kcal/mol for MMP-9, which indicated its binding potential with TNF-α and MMP-9. In conclusion, Mangiferin reduces colonic damage in a murine model of colitis, alleviates the oxidative and inflammatory events partly through directly influencing the activity of TNF-α and MMP-9 and therefore might have therapeutic usefulness in the management of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Somani
- Department of Pharmacology, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, RK University, Rajkot, India.
| | - Shitalkumar Zambad
- Department of Pharmacology, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ketan Modi
- Department of Pharmacology, B K Mody Government Pharmacy College, Rajkot, India.
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Siegmund B, Feakins RM, Barmias G, Ludvig JC, Teixeira FV, Rogler G, Scharl M. Results of the Fifth Scientific Workshop of the ECCO (II): Pathophysiology of Perianal Fistulizing Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2016; 10:377-86. [PMID: 26681764 PMCID: PMC4946764 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The fifth scientific workshop of the European Crohn's and Colitis Organization (ECCO) focused on the relevance of fistulas to the disease course of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The objectives were to reach a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the formation of CD fistulas; to identify future topics in fistula research that could provide insights into pathogenesis; to develop novel therapeutic approaches; and to review current therapeutic strategies (with clarification of existing approaches to prevention, diagnosis and treatment). The results of the workshop are presented in two separate manuscripts. This manuscript describes current state-of-the-art knowledge about fistula pathogenesis, including the roles of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cytokine matrix remodelling enzymes, and highlights the common association between fistulas and stenosis in CD. The review also considers the possible roles that genetic predisposition and intestinal microbiota play in fistula development. Finally, it proposes future directions and needs for fistula research that might substantially increase our understanding of this complex condition and help unravel novel therapeutic strategies and specific targets for treatment. Overall, it aims to highlight unanswered questions in fistula research and to provide a framework for future research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Siegmund
- Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roger M Feakins
- Department of Histopathology, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Giorgos Barmias
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Juliano Coelho Ludvig
- ESADI Clinic and Gastroenterology Unit, Santa Isabel Hospital, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabio Vieira Teixeira
- Colorectal Unit, Gastrosaude Clinic, Marilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil Department of Surgery, UNESP Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Decreased Fibrogenesis After Treatment with Pirfenidone in a Newly Developed Mouse Model of Intestinal Fibrosis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:569-82. [PMID: 26848518 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis as a common problem in patients with Crohn's disease is a result of an imbalance toward excessive tissue repair. At present, there is no specific treatment option. Pirfenidone is approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with both antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. We subsequently investigated the impact of pirfenidone treatment on development of fibrosis in a new mouse model of intestinal fibrosis. METHODS Small bowel resections from donor mice were transplanted subcutaneously into the neck of recipients. Animals received either pirfenidone (100 mg/kg, three times daily, orally) or vehicle. RESULTS After administration of pirfenidone, a significantly decreased collagen layer thickness was revealed as compared to vehicle (9.7 ± 1.0 versus 13.5 ± 1.5 µm, respectively, **P < 0.001). Transforming growth factor-β and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were significantly decreased after treatment with pirfenidone as confirmed by real-time PCR (0.42 ± 0.13 versus 1.00 ± 0.21 and 0.46 ± 0.24 versus 1.00 ± 0.62 mRNA expression level relative to GAPDH, respectively, *P < 0.05). Significantly decreased transforming growth factor-β after administration of pirfenidone was confirmed by Western blotting. CONCLUSION In our mouse model, intestinal fibrosis can be reliably induced and is developed within 7 days. Pirfenidone partially prevented the development of fibrosis, making it a potential treatment option against Crohn's disease-associated fibrosis.
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Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9) and Their Inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2016; 2016:2456179. [PMID: 27034654 PMCID: PMC4789560 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2456179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) belong to a group of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The study group comprised 34 patients with UC and 10 patients with CD. Evaluation of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 expression in tissue samples was performed using immunohistochemistry. The overexpression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was dominant in both the glandular epithelium and inflammatory infiltration in UC patients. In contrast, in CD subjects the positive expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 was in glandular tubes while mainly MMP-7 and TIMP-2 expression was in inflammatory infiltration. Metalloproteinases' expression was associated with the presence of erosions, architectural tissue changes, and inflammatory infiltration in the lamina propria of UC patients. The expression of metalloproteinase inhibitors correlated with the presence of eosinophils and neutrophils in UC and granulomas in CD patients. Our studies indicate that the overexpression of metalloproteinases and weaker expression of their inhibitors may determine the development of IBD. It appears that MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 may be a potential therapeutic target and the use of their inhibitors may significantly reduce UC progression.
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Nighot P, Al-Sadi R, Rawat M, Guo S, Watterson DM, Ma T. Matrix metalloproteinase 9-induced increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability contributes to the severity of experimental DSS colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G988-97. [PMID: 26514773 PMCID: PMC4683300 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00256.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have implicated a pathogenic role for matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) in inflammatory bowel disease. Although loss of epithelial barrier function has been shown to be a key pathogenic factor for the development of intestinal inflammation, the role of MMP-9 in intestinal barrier function remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of MMP-9 in intestinal barrier function and intestinal inflammation. Wild-type (WT) and MMP-9(-/-) mice were subjected to experimental dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis by administration of 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. The mouse colonic permeability was measured in vivo by recycling perfusion of the entire colon using fluorescently labeled dextran. The DSS-induced increase in the colonic permeability was accompanied by an increase in intestinal epithelial cell MMP-9 expression in WT mice. The DSS-induced increase in intestinal permeability and the severity of DSS colitis was found to be attenuated in MMP-9(-/-) mice. The colonic protein expression of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and phospho-MLC was found to be significantly increased after DSS administration in WT mice but not in MMP-9(-/-) mice. The DSS-induced increase in colonic permeability and colonic inflammation was attenuated in MLCK(-/-) mice and MLCK inhibitor ML-7-treated WT mice. The DSS-induced increase in colonic surface epithelial cell MLCK mRNA was abolished in MMP-9(-/-) mice. Lastly, increased MMP-9 protein expression was detected within the colonic surface epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis cases. These data suggest a role of MMP-9 in modulation of colonic epithelial permeability and inflammation via MLCK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Nighot
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico;
| | - Rana Al-Sadi
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico;
| | - Manmeet Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico;
| | - Shuhong Guo
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico;
| | - D. Martin Watterson
- 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Thomas Ma
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; ,3Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Kamekura R, Nava P, Feng M, Quiros M, Nishio H, Weber DA, Parkos CA, Nusrat A. Inflammation-induced desmoglein-2 ectodomain shedding compromises the mucosal barrier. Mol Biol Cell 2015. [PMID: 26224314 PMCID: PMC4569309 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-03-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines promote desmoglein-2 (Dsg2) ectodomain shedding in intestinal epithelial cells. Epithelial exposure to Dsg2 ectodomains compromises intercellular adhesion while also promoting proliferation. These findings identify mechanisms by which mucosal inflammation–induced cleavage of Dsg2 influences intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Desmosomal cadherins mediate intercellular adhesion and control epithelial homeostasis. Recent studies show that proteinases play an important role in the pathobiology of cancer by targeting epithelial intercellular junction proteins such as cadherins. Here we describe the proinflammatory cytokine-induced activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain–containing protein 10, which promote the shedding of desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-2 (Dsg2) ectodomains in intestinal epithelial cells. Epithelial exposure to Dsg2 ectodomains compromises intercellular adhesion by promoting the relocalization of endogenous Dsg2 and E-cadherin from the plasma membrane while also promoting proliferation by activation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/3 signaling. Cadherin ectodomains were detected in the inflamed intestinal mucosa of mice with colitis and patients with ulcerative colitis. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel response pathway in which inflammation-induced modification of columnar epithelial cell cadherins decreases intercellular adhesion while enhancing cellular proliferation, which may serve as a compensatory mechanism to promote repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Kamekura
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Human Immunology, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 0608556, Japan
| | - Porfirio Nava
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico DF 07360, Mexico
| | - Mingli Feng
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Miguel Quiros
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Hikaru Nishio
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Dominique A Weber
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Marshall DC, Lyman SK, McCauley S, Kovalenko M, Spangler R, Liu C, Lee M, O’Sullivan C, Barry-Hamilton V, Ghermazien H, Mikels-Vigdal A, Garcia CA, Jorgensen B, Velayo AC, Wang R, Adamkewicz JI, Smith V. Selective Allosteric Inhibition of MMP9 Is Efficacious in Preclinical Models of Ulcerative Colitis and Colorectal Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127063. [PMID: 25961845 PMCID: PMC4427291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is elevated in a variety of inflammatory and oncology indications, including ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. MMP9 is a downstream effector and an upstream mediator of pathways involved in growth and inflammation, and has long been viewed as a promising therapeutic target. However, previous efforts to target matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP9, have utilized broad-spectrum or semi-selective inhibitors. While some of these drugs showed signs of efficacy in patients, all MMP-targeted inhibitors have been hampered by dose-limiting toxicity or insufficient clinical benefit, likely due to their lack of specificity. Here, we show that selective inhibition of MMP9 did not induce musculoskeletal syndrome (a characteristic toxicity of pan-MMP inhibitors) in a rat model, but did reduce disease severity in a dextran sodium sulfate-induced mouse model of ulcerative colitis. We also found that MMP9 inhibition decreased tumor growth and metastases incidence in a surgical orthotopic xenograft model of colorectal carcinoma, and that inhibition of either tumor- or stroma-derived MMP9 was sufficient to reduce primary tumor growth. Collectively, these data suggest that selective MMP9 inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of inflammatory and oncology indications in which MMP9 is upregulated and is associated with disease pathology, such as ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. In addition, we report the development of a potent and highly selective allosteric MMP9 inhibitor, the humanized monoclonal antibody GS-5745, which can be used to evaluate the therapeutic potential of MMP9 inhibition in patients.
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MESH Headings
- Allosteric Regulation
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/isolation & purification
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Colitis, Ulcerative/chemically induced
- Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy
- Colitis, Ulcerative/enzymology
- Colitis, Ulcerative/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/enzymology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Dextran Sulfate
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Epitope Mapping
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hybridomas/immunology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/administration & dosage
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/isolation & purification
- Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C. Marshall
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Susan K. Lyman
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Scott McCauley
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Maria Kovalenko
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Rhyannon Spangler
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Chian Liu
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Lee
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher O’Sullivan
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Vivian Barry-Hamilton
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Haben Ghermazien
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda Mikels-Vigdal
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Carlos A. Garcia
- Department of Process Development, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Oceanside, California, United States of America
| | - Brett Jorgensen
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Arleene C. Velayo
- Department of Process Development, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Oceanside, California, United States of America
| | - Ruth Wang
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Joanne I. Adamkewicz
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Victoria Smith
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
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Shimshoni E, Yablecovitch D, Baram L, Dotan I, Sagi I. ECM remodelling in IBD: innocent bystander or partner in crime? The emerging role of extracellular molecular events in sustaining intestinal inflammation. Gut 2015; 64:367-72. [PMID: 25416065 PMCID: PMC4345769 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elee Shimshoni
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Doron Yablecovitch
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel,Department of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Liran Baram
- IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Dotan
- IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Oliveira LGD, Cunha ALD, Duarte AC, Castañon MCMN, Chebli JMF, Aguiar JAKD. Positive correlation between disease activity index and matrix metalloproteinases activity in a rat model of colitis. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2015; 51:107-12. [PMID: 25003261 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032014000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, comprising a broad spectrum of diseases those have in common chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, histological alterations and an increased activity levels of certain enzymes, such as, metalloproteinases. OBJECTIVES Evaluate a possible correlation of disease activity index with the severity of colonic mucosal damage and increased activity of metalloproteinases in a model of ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. METHODS Colitis was induced by oral administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium for seven days in this group (n=10), whereas control group (n=16) received water. Effects were analyzed daily by disease activity index. In the seventh day, animals were euthanized and hematological measurements, histological changes (hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian Blue staining), myeloperoxidase and metalloproteinase activities (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were determined. RESULTS Dextran sulfate sodium group showed elevated disease activity index and reduced hematological parameters. Induction of colitis caused tissue injury with loss of mucin and increased myeloperoxidase (P<0.001) and MMP-9 activities (45 fold) compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we observed a disease activity index correlation with the degree of histopathological changes after induction of colitis, and this result may be related mainly to the increased activity of MMP-9 and mieloperoxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Análise de Glicoconjugados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - André Luiz da Cunha
- Laboratório de Análise de Glicoconjugados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Amaury Caiafa Duarte
- Laboratório de Análise de Glicoconjugados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | - Jair Adriano Kopke de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Análise de Glicoconjugados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
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44
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Impact of basal diet on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:1217-27. [PMID: 25410748 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis is a widely used model for inflammatory bowel disease. However, various factors including nutrition may affect the development of this colitis. This study aimed to compare and characterize the impact of purified and non-purified basal diets on the development of DSS-induced colitis in the rat. METHODS Wistar rats were fed a non-purified or a semi-synthetic purified diet for 21 days. Colitis was then induced in half of the rats by administration of DSS in drinking water (4% w/v) during the last 7 days of experimentation. At the end of the experimental period, colon sections were taken for histopathological examination, determination of various markers of inflammation (myeloperoxidase: MPO, cytokines) and oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase: SOD, catalase: CAT, glutathione peroxidase: GPx and glutathione reductase: GRed activities), and evaluation of the expression of various genes implicated in this disorder. RESULTS DSS ingestion induced a more marked colitis in animals receiving the purified diet, as reflected by higher histological score and increased MPO activity. A significant decrease in SOD and CAT activities was also observed in rats fed the purified diet. Also, in these animals, administration of DSS induced a significant increase in interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β and IL-6. In addition, various genes implicated in inflammation were over-expressed after ingestion of DSS by rats fed the purified diet. CONCLUSIONS These results show that a purified diet promotes the onset of a more severe induced colitis than a non-purified one, highlighting the influence of basal diet in colitis development.
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45
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Is there new hope for therapeutic matrix metalloproteinase inhibition? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014; 13:904-27. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd4390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 524] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Koelink PJ, Overbeek SA, Braber S, Morgan ME, Henricks PAJ, Roda MA, Verspaget HW, Wolfkamp SC, te Velde AA, Jones CW, Jackson PL, Blalock JE, Sparidans RW, Kruijtzer JAW, Garssen J, Folkerts G, Kraneveld AD. Collagen degradation and neutrophilic infiltration: a vicious circle in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2014; 63:578-87. [PMID: 23525573 PMCID: PMC3963538 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Proline-glycine-proline (PGP) has been shown to have chemotactic effects on neutrophils via CXCR2 in several lung diseases. PGP is derived from collagen by the combined action of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 8 and/or MMP9 and prolyl endopeptidase (PE). We investigated the role of PGP in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). DESIGN In intestinal tissue from patients with IBD and mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, MMP8, MMP9 and PE were evaluated by ELISA, immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) supernatants were also analysed accordingly and incubated with collagen to assess PGP generation ex vivo. PGP levels were measured by mass spectrometry, and PGP neutralisation was achieved with a PGP antagonist and PGP antibodies. RESULTS In the intestine of patients with IBD, MMP8 and MMP9 levels were elevated, while PE was expressed at similar levels to control tissue. PGP levels were increased in intestinal tissue of patients with IBD. Similar results were obtained in intestine from DSS-treated mice. PMN supernatants from patients with IBD were far more capable of generating PGP from collagen ex vivo than healthy controls. Furthermore, PGP neutralisation during DSS-induced colitis led to a significant reduction in neutrophil infiltration in the intestine. CONCLUSIONS The proteolytic cascade that generates PGP from collagen, as well as the tripeptide itself, is present in the intestine of patients with IBD and mice with DSS-induced colitis. PGP neutralisation in DSS-treated mice showed the importance of PGP-guided neutrophilic infiltration in the intestine and indicates a vicious circle in neutrophilic inflammation in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim J Koelink
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia A Overbeek
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mary E Morgan
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A J Henricks
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mojtaba Abdul Roda
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hein W Verspaget
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simone C Wolfkamp
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anje A te Velde
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caleb W Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama,USA
| | - Patricia L Jackson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and the Lung Health Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - J Edwin Blalock
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and the Lung Health Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John A W Kruijtzer
- Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aletta D Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Matrix metalloproteinase-9: its interplay with angiogenic factors in inflammatory bowel diseases. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:643645. [PMID: 24803722 PMCID: PMC3988740 DOI: 10.1155/2014/643645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 9 is one of the main metalloproteinases reported to be involved in extracellular matrix degradation and recently also in triggering of angiogenic switch in the course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The goal of our studies was to estimate in one experimental setting the levels of MMP-9 in sera of Crohn's Disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and to evaluate its possible diagnostic potential in comparison with other biochemical markers and selected proinflammatory and angiogenic factors. The study group included 176 subjects (CD = 64, UC = 85, control = 27). Concentrations of serum MMP-9 were significantly higher in active than inactive forms of IBD, being higher in active UC than in active CD. Both in the case of CD and UC serum MMP-9 positively correlated with disease activity, IL-6 levels, platelet and leukocyte count, midkine, and PDGF-BB, as well as in UC with ESR and in CD with CRP, IL-1, and VEGF-A. Diagnostic accuracy of MMP-9 in distinguishing active UC from active CD was 66%, and displayed higher specificity than CRP (79.0% versus 61.6%, resp.). Evaluation of serum MMP-9 concentrations could aid in differentiation of active UC from active CD. MMP-9 correlated better with inflammatory and angiogenic parameters in CD than in UC.
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Comparison of multiple enzyme activatable near-infrared fluorescent molecular probes for detection and quantification of inflammation in murine colitis models. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20:363-77. [PMID: 24374874 PMCID: PMC4618379 DOI: 10.1097/01.mib.0000440612.98950.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activatable near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probes have been used for ex vivo and in vivo detection of intestinal tumors in animal models. We hypothesized that NIRF probes activatable by cathepsins or metalloproteinases will detect and quantify dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colonic inflammation in wild type mice or chronic colitis in interleukin-10 (IL-10)-null mice ex vivo or in vivo. METHODS Wild type mice given DSS, water controls, and IL-10-null mice with chronic colitis were administered probes by retro-orbital injection. FMT2500 LX system imaged fresh and fixed intestine ex vivo and mice in vivo. Inflammation detected by probes was verified by histology and colitis scoring. NIRF signal intensity was quantified using 2-dimensional region of interest ex vivo or 3-dimensional region of interest analysis in vivo. RESULTS Ex vivo, 7 probes tested yielded significant higher NIRF signals in colon of DSS-treated mice versus controls. A subset of probes was tested in IL-10-null mice and yielded strong ex vivo signals. Ex vivo fluorescence signal with 680 series probes was preserved after formalin fixation. In DSS and IL-10-null models, ex vivo NIRF signal strongly and significantly correlated with colitis scores. In vivo, ProSense680, CatK680FAST, and MMPsense680 yielded significantly higher NIRF signals in DSS-treated mice than controls, but background was high in controls. CONCLUSIONS Both cathepsin or metalloproteinase-activated NIRF probes can detect and quantify colonic inflammation ex vivo. ProSense680 yielded the strongest signals in DSS colitis ex vivo and in vivo, but background remains a problem for in vivo quantification of colitis.
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Dothel G, Vasina V, Barbara G, De Ponti F. Animal models of chemically induced intestinal inflammation: Predictivity and ethical issues. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 139:71-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Claudin-2 regulates colorectal inflammation via myosin light chain kinase-dependent signaling. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:1546-59. [PMID: 23306855 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Claudins have been demonstrated to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the specific role of claudin-2 in colorectal inflammation remains undefined. AIMS We aimed to determine the role of claudin-2 in TNFα-induced colorectal inflammation. METHODS We used claudin-2 (-/-) mice to assess the role of claudin-2 in colon. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with 3 μg of recombinant murine TNFα, and the NF-κB signaling and mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) were evaluated. Moreover, in claudin-2 (-/-) mice, colitis was induced by the administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The involvement of claudin-2 in colorectal inflammation was also investigated using the Caco-2 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, and the expression of claudin-2 was downregulated using claudin-2 siRNA. RESULTS TNFα-induced colorectal inflammation via NF-κB signaling activation was enhanced in claudin-2 (-/-) mice compared with that in claudin-2 (+/+) mice. MLCK expression level in the colon tissue of claudin-2 (-/-) mice treated with TNFα was enhanced in comparison to that of the claudin-2 (+/+) mice. DSS-induced colitis was more severe in the claudin-2 (-/-) mice than in the claudin-2 (+/-) mice. In in vitro experiments, the decreased expression of claudin-2 enhanced the expressions of IL-6, IL-1β and MLCK. CONCLUSIONS Our findings concerning the role of claudin-2 in epithelial inflammatory responses enrich our collective understanding of mucosal homeostasis and intestinal diseases such as IBD. Furthermore, the results of this study indicate that claudin-2 and MLCK are potential therapeutic targets for treatments against intestinal disease.
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