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Kebede T, Ashenafi H. The Burden and Risk Factors of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among Government Employees Who Clinically Complain of Indigestion but Allergic Diseases in Southeastern Ethiopia: A Multi-Institution Cross-Sectional Study. Res Rep Trop Med 2024; 15:25-49. [PMID: 38406662 PMCID: PMC10885702 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s447203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is believed to have spread from East Africa, but its burden is still unknown in less privileged regions of Ethiopia. Indigestion is an upset stomach, upper abdomen discomfort, heartburn, and bloating. This study evaluated the burden and risk factors for H. pylori infection among government employees who clinically complained of indigestion but allergic diseases in five public health institutions in Southeastern Ethiopia. Methods A health facilities-based cross-sectional survey study was conducted in Southeastern Ethiopia from March to November 2022, employing cluster sampling. Blood specimens, clinical data, and semi-structured questionnaires about risk factors were collected. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression in STATA software, Windows version 16.1. Results The overall prevalence of infection was found to be 77.6%. The sampled health institution (ρ-value < 0.05), engagement in sideline business (ρ-value < 0.05), sharing local spoon on meal [AOR = 39.30; CI:19.52 -78.31; ρ-value < 0.001], admitting "Gursha" during meal [AOR = 71.48; CI:3.99 -1279.77; ρ-value < 0.05], the toilet type [AOR = 1410.98; CI:121.16 -16,431.19; ρ-value < 0.001], alcohol drinking [AOR = 15.15; CI:1.90 -120.62; ρ-value < 0.05], sleeping hours length [AOR = 15.01; CI:13.48-55.96; ρ-value < 0.001], chewing Khat [AOR = 76.73; CI:8.57-687.07; ρ-value < 0.001], and regular hand washing before eating [AOR = 0.15; CI:0.12-0.19; ρ-value < 0.05] were the independent predictors of H. pylori infection. Conclusion The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection in Southeastern Ethiopia is agonizingly high, exceeding the world average by 27.6%, the first report, and seems to be one of the neglected infectious diseases. Hence, the Oromia Region Health Bureau should reinvigorate the basic infectious disease control methods, establish routine laboratory diagnostic platforms, and intervene in selected societal practices spreading infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taye Kebede
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Immunology, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Robe, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa Administration City, Ethiopia
| | - Hagos Ashenafi
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa Administration City, Ethiopia
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Zuzek R, Potter M, Talley NJ, Agréus L, Andreasson A, Veits L, Vieth M, Walker MM. Prevalence of Histological Gastritis in a Community Population and Association with Epigastric Pain. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:528-537. [PMID: 38091176 PMCID: PMC10861608 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gastritis is a common histological diagnosis, although the prevalence is decreasing in developed populations, alongside decreasing prevalence of H. pylori infection. We sought to determine the prevalence of the etiology of gastritis in a Swedish population sample and to analyze any associations with symptoms, an area of clinical uncertainty. METHODS Longitudinal population-based study based in Östhammar, Sweden. A randomly sampled adult population completed a validated gastrointestinal symptom questionnaire (Abdominal Symptom Questionnaire, ASQ) in 2011 (N = 1175). Participants < 80 years of age and who were eligible were invited to undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (N = 947); 402 accepted and 368 underwent EGD with antral and body biopsies (average 54.1 years, range 20-79 years; 47.8% male) with H. pylori serology. RESULTS Gastritis was found in 40.2% (148/368; 95% CI 35.2-45.2%). By rank, the most common histological subtype was reactive (68/148; 45.9%), then H. pylori (44/148; 29.7%), chronic non-H. pylori (29/148; 19.6%), and autoimmune (4/148; 2.7%). Gastritis was significantly associated with older age and H. pylori status (p < 0.01). Gastritis subjects were divided into three histological categories: chronic inactive inflammation, autoimmune gastritis, and active inflammation; there was no difference in the presence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms when categories were compared to cases with no pathological changes. Functional dyspepsia or gastroesophageal reflux were reported in 25.7% (38/148) of those with gastritis (any type or location) versus 34.1% (75/220) with no pathological changes (p = 0.32). Epigastric pain was more common in chronic H. pylori negative gastritis in the gastric body (OR = 3.22, 95% CI 1.08-9.62). CONCLUSION Gastritis is common in the population with a prevalence of 40% and is usually asymptomatic. Chronic body gastritis may be associated with epigastric pain, but independent validation is required to confirm these findings. Clinicians should not generally ascribe symptoms to histological gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Zuzek
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Michael Potter
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Digestive Health, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
- Department of Gastroenterology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Digestive Health, Newcastle, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Cct, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.
| | - L Agréus
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - A Andreasson
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Veits
- Klinikum Bayreuth, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - M Vieth
- Klinikum Bayreuth, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - M M Walker
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Digestive Health, Newcastle, Australia
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3
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Hakami OA, Alsubaie RA, Albaqami BA, Almutlaq HM, Alqahtani NM, Alkhonezan M, Almuqrin FF, Alghamdi AH, Alaryni AA, Qutob RA. Knowledge and Perception of Physicians of Different Specialties in Saudi Arabia Toward Helicobacter pylori. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:763-771. [PMID: 36969735 PMCID: PMC10035353 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s403999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a key pathogen causing several gastrointestinal diseases. Fortunately, H. pylori infection is treatable, which can lower its comorbidities. However, data assessing physicians' awareness of H. pylori is lacking in Saudi Arabia. Objective To assess the knowledge and awareness of physicians of different specialties who practice in Saudi Arabia about H. pylori infection. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted between May and September 2022 on physicians across all regions in Saudi Arabia using a validated online questionnaire covering their knowledge and awareness of H. pylori infection. An independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Games-Howell as a post hoc test were used to analyze the data. A General Linear Model was also employed to determine significant predictors among the variables reliant on H. pylori awareness. Results The results showed that the mean awareness score of 474 physicians was 76.99± 6.9, indicating that participants had sufficient knowledge about H. pylori infection. In general, the internal medicine specialists (28.3%) had better awareness of H. pylori infection than the other specialties. Moreover, the university hospital sector performed the best, scoring 80.68±13.3, and the southern region had the highest-ranked physicians with a score of 81.56 ±13.7 in terms of H. pylori awareness. Furthermore, the general linear model revealed a statistical significance (p<0.05) for the following demographic aspects concerning H. pylori awareness: the physicians' age group of 30-39 years, duration of experience of 11-15 years, the hospital sectors of Nation Guards (NGH) and Security Forces (SFH), and the southern and central regions of practice in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion Physicians in Saudi Arabia have relatively sufficient awareness of H. pylori; however, they are highly influenced by age, years of experience, the hospital sector involved, and the region where the physicians practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamah Ahmad Hakami
- Faculty of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refah Asheer Alsubaie
- Faculty of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Refah Asheer Alsubaie, Faculty of medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, 7544 Othman Bin Affan Road Al-Nada, Riyadh, 13317, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 50 255 2509, Email
| | | | - Haifa Matar Almutlaq
- Faculty of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal Alkhonezan
- Faculty of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Fahad Almuqrin
- Faculty of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Rayan Abubakker Qutob
- Faculty of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Zhang J, Ning J, Fu W, Shi Y, Zhang J, Ding S. CMTM3 protects the gastric epithelial cells from apoptosis and promotes IL-8 by stabilizing NEMO during Helicobacter pylori infection. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:6. [PMID: 36782312 PMCID: PMC9924195 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00533-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 3 (CMTM3) plays an important role in cancer development. Although Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a main cause of gastric cancer, the function of CMTM3 during H. pylori infection remains unclear. CMTM3 expression levels in tissues from H. pylori-infected patients and cells co-cultured with H. pylori were analyzed. qRT-PCR and ELISA were used to investigate the effects of CMTM3 on interleukin 8 (IL-8) expression. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining was performed to evaluate the function of CMTM3 in the apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells. Proteomic analysis was performed to explore the underlying mechanism of CMTM3 during H. pylori infection. The interaction between CMTM3 and NEMO was determined via co-immunoprecipitation, HA-ubiquitin pull-down assay, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS H. pylori induced a significant increase in CMTM3 expression. CMTM3 inhibited gastric mucosal epithelial cells from apoptosis and increased the expression level of IL-8 during H. pylori infection. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins were involved in epithelial cell signaling in H. pylori infection. CMTM3 directly interacted with NEMO, which promoted protein stabilization by down-regulation of its ubiquitylation. CONCLUSIONS CMTM3 reduces apoptosis and promotes IL-8 expression in the gastric epithelial cells by stabilizing NEMO during H. pylori infection. These findings characterize a new role for CMTM3 in host-pathogen interactions and provide novel insight into the molecular regulation of NEMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Ning
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Fu
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Shi
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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Kotelevets SM, Chekh SA, Chukov SZ. Cancer risk stratification system and classification of gastritis: Perspectives. World J Meta-Anal 2023; 11:18-28. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v11.i1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kyoto global consensus reports that the current ICD-10 classification for gastritis is obsolete. The Kyoto classification of gastritis states that severe mucosal atrophy has a high risk of gastric cancer, while mild to moderate atrophy has a low risk. The updated Kimura-Takemoto classification of atrophic gastritis considers five histological types of multifocal corpus atrophic gastritis according to stages C2 to O3. This method of morphological diagnosis of atrophic gastritis increases sensitivity by 2.4 times for severe atrophy compared to the updated Sydney system. This advantage should be considered when stratifying the high risk of gastric cancer. The updated Kimura-Takemoto classification of atrophic gastritis should be used as a reference standard (gold standard) in studies of morpho-functional relationships to identify serological markers of atrophic gastritis with evidence-based effectiveness. The use of artificial intelligence in the serological screening of atrophic gastritis makes it possible to screen a large number of the population. During serological screening of atrophic gastritis and risk stratification of gastric cancer, it is advisable to use the Kyoto classification of gastritis with updated Kimura-Takemoto classification of atrophic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Kotelevets
- Department of Therapy, North Caucasus State Academy, Cherkessk 369000, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia
| | - Sergey A Chekh
- Department of Mathematics, North Caucasus State Academy, Cherkessk 369000, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia
| | - Sergey Z Chukov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol 355017, Stavropol region, Russia
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6
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Ansari S, Yamaoka Y. Helicobacter pylori Infection, Its Laboratory Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Resistance: a Perspective of Clinical Relevance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0025821. [PMID: 35404105 PMCID: PMC9491184 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00258-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent decrease in overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, morbidity and mortality rates associated with gastric cancer remain high. The antimicrobial resistance developments and treatment failure are fueling the global burden of H. pylori-associated gastric complications. Accurate diagnosis remains the opening move for treatment and eradication of infections caused by microorganisms. Although several reports have been published on diagnostic approaches for H. pylori infection, most lack the data regarding diagnosis from a clinical perspective. Therefore, we provide an intensive, comprehensive, and updated description of the currently available diagnostic methods that can help clinicians, infection diagnosis professionals, and H. pylori researchers working on infection epidemiology to broaden their understanding and to select appropriate diagnostic methods. We also emphasize appropriate diagnostic approaches based on clinical settings (either clinical diagnosis or mass screening), patient factors (either age or other predisposing factors), and clinical factors (either upper gastrointestinal bleeding or partial gastrectomy) and appropriate methods to be considered for evaluating eradication efficacy. Furthermore, to cope with the increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance, a better understanding of its emergence and current diagnostic approaches for resistance detection remain inevitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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7
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Dharan M, Wozny D. Helicobacter pylori infection and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth–more than what meets the eye. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:7209-7214. [PMID: 36158005 PMCID: PMC9353905 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i21.7209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is very common and affects a significant proportion of the world population. In contrast, the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in the general population is not well understood. There can be coexistence of both disease states in a given patient and their clinical symptoms may also overlap with one and another. There is no clear clinical guidelines for testing for and treating SIBO in patients with H. pylori infection. This review article explores the available evidence on the relationship between H. pylori infection and SIBO, diagnosis and treatment of these entities and also comments on associated non-gastrointestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Dharan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| | - David Wozny
- Department of Primary Care and Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
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8
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Mărginean CO, Meliț LE, Săsăran MO. Traditional and Modern Diagnostic Approaches in Diagnosing Pediatric Helicobacter pylori Infection. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9070994. [PMID: 35883980 PMCID: PMC9316053 DOI: 10.3390/children9070994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common bacterial infection worldwide, is usually acquired during childhood and is related to gastric carcinogenesis during adulthood. Therefore, its early proper diagnosis and subsequent successful eradication represent the cornerstones of gastric cancer prevention. The aim of this narrative review was to assess traditional and modern diagnostic methods in terms of H. pylori diagnosis. Several invasive and non-invasive methods were described, each with its pros and cons. The invasive diagnostic methods comprise endoscopy with biopsy, rapid urease tests, histopathological exams, cultures and biopsy-based molecular tests. Among these, probably the most available, accurate and cost-effective test remains histology, albeit molecular tests definitely remain the most accurate despite their high costs. The non-invasive tests consist of urea breath tests, serology, stool antigens and non-invasive molecular tests. Urea breath tests and stool antigens are the most useful in clinical practice both for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection and for monitoring the eradication of this infection after therapy. The challenges related to accurate diagnosis lead to a choice that must be based on H. pylori virulence, environmental factors and host peculiarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Lorena Elena Meliț
- Department of Pediatrics I, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Oana Săsăran
- Department of Pediatrics III, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
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9
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Dai B, Xiang A, Qu D, Chen G, Wang L, Wang W, Zhai D, Wang L, Lu Z. Rapid and Sensitive Assay of Helicobacter pylori With One-Tube RPA-CRISPR/Cas12 by Portable Array Detector for Visible Analysis of Thermostatic Nucleic Acid Amplification. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:858247. [PMID: 35586866 PMCID: PMC9108776 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.858247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has infected more than half of the world’s population and is still a threat to human health. The urea breath test, despite being widely used in clinical diagnosis, still faces huge challenges in the immediate detection of H. pylori. Thus, a rapid, sensitive, and highly specific point of care diagnosis is particularly important for preventing the further transmission of H. pylori and for real-time monitoring of the disease in a given population. Recently, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based diagnostics have been applied to various types of nucleic acid testing; however, there are often shortcomings of complex operation and high signal transmission background. In this study, we proposed a new platform for the assay of H. pylori using one-tube-based CRISPR/Cas12a diagnostic methods and designed a detector for this platform, which is a portable array detector for visible analysis of thermostatic nucleic acid amplification (Pad-VATA). By incorporating isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification, our platform could detect the conserved gene fragments of H. pylori with a constant low as 2 copies/μl. The assay process can be performed at a single temperature in about 30 min and integrated into the reactor in the palm-sized Pad-VATA to facilitate rapid diagnosis of H. pylori. We also verified the accuracy of our platform using 10 clinical samples and found that the platform can quickly detect H. pylori infection in a given population. We believe that this fast, convenient, efficient, and inexpensive screening and diagnostic platform can be widely used in various settings, including homes and clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Dai
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - An Xiang
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Di Qu
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhai
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang,
| | - Zifan Lu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Zifan Lu,
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10
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Evolution of Diagnostic Methods for Helicobacter pylori Infections: From Traditional Tests to High Technology, Advanced Sensitivity and Discrimination Tools. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020508. [PMID: 35204598 PMCID: PMC8871415 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid diagnosis and treatment application in the early stages of H. pylori infection plays an important part in inhibiting the transmission of this infection as this bacterium is involved in various gastric pathologies such as gastritis, gastro-duodenal ulcer, and even gastric neoplasia. This review is devoted to a quick overview of conventional and advanced detection techniques successfully applied to the detection of H. pylori in the context of a compelling need to upgrade the standards of the diagnostic methods which are currently being used. Selecting the best diagnostic method implies evaluating different features, the use of one or another test depending on accessibility, laboratories equipment, and the clinical conditions of patients. This paper aims to expose the diagnosis methods for H. pylori that are currently available, highlighting their assets and limitations. The perspectives and the advantages of nanotechnology along with the concept of nano(bio)sensors and the development of lab-on-chip devices as advanced tools for H. pylori detection, differentiation, and discrimination is also presented, by emphasizing multiple advantages: simple, fast, cost-effective, portable, miniaturized, small volume of samples required, highly sensitive, and selective. It is generally accepted that the development of intelligent sensors will completely revolutionize the acquisition procedure and medical decision in the framework of smart healthcare monitoring systems.
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11
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Nizeyimana T, Rugwizangoga B, Manirakiza F, Laga AC. Occurrence of Helicobacter Pylori in Specimens of Chronic Gastritis and Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients: A Retrospective Study at University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda. East Afr Health Res J 2022; 5:159-163. [PMID: 35036842 PMCID: PMC8751541 DOI: 10.24248/eahrj.v5i2.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the major cause of gastroduodenal diseases in populations of different ages. We conducted aretrospective studyusing archived tissue samples to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection among patients diagnosed with gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma by histopathology cases in one hospital in Rwanda. Materials and methods: Cases of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma histologically diagnosed in a tertiary hospital in Rwanda over the period of 2016-2018 were studied for the presence of H. pylori using immunohistochemistry. Diagnosis of positive cases considered immunoreactivity as well as bacterial morphology, including spiral, rod-shaped, angulated and coccoid forms. Results: Three hundred and seven cases were included in this study; chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma representing 39% and 61%, respectively. The overall frequency of H. pylori infection was 77.5% (80% among chronic gastritis cases versus 76% among gastric adenocarcinoma cases). Prevalence of H. pylori infection in chronic gastritis and adenocarcinoma did not significantly associate with age and sex. Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori was high among chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma cases in Rwanda. Pathologists should investigate the presence of H. pylori in gastric biopsies. Our data shows immunohistochemistry method is feasible and adequate to facilitate detection of H. pylori, which may guide timely treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theoneste Nizeyimana
- Department of Clinical Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Belson Rugwizangoga
- Department of Clinical Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.,Department of Pathology at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Felix Manirakiza
- Department of Clinical Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.,Department of Pathology at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Alvaro C Laga
- Department of Clinical Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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12
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Sulo P, Šipková B. DNA diagnostics for reliable and universal identification of Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:7100-7112. [PMID: 34887630 PMCID: PMC8613642 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i41.7100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable diagnostics are a major challenge for the detection and treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Currently at the forefront are non-invasive urea breath test (UBT) and stool antigen test (SAT). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is not endorsed due to nonspecific primers and the threat of false-positives. The specificity of DNA amplification can be achieved by nested PCR (NPCR), which involves two rounds of PCR. If the primers are properly designed for the variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene, it is not difficult to develop an NPCR assay for the unambiguous identification of H. pylori. Elaborate NPCR for a 454 bp amplicon was validated on 81 clinical biopsy, stool, and saliva samples, each from the same individuals, and compared with available H. pylori assays, namely histology, rapid urease test, SAT, and 13C-UBT. The assay was much more sensitive than simple PCR, and it was equally sensitive in biopsy samples as the 13C-UBT test, which is considered the gold standard. In addition, it is sufficiently specific because sequencing of the PCR products exclusively confirmed the presence of H. pylori-specific DNA. However, due to the threshold and lower abundance, the sensitivity was much lower in amplifications from stool or saliva. Reliable detection in saliva also complicates the ability of H. pylori to survive in the oral cavity aside from and independent of the stomach. The reason for the lower sensitivity in stool is DNA degradation; therefore, a new NPCR assay was developed to obtain a shorter 148 bp 16S rRNA amplicon. The assay was validated on stool samples from 208 gastroenterological patients and compared to SAT results. Surprisingly, this NPCR revealed the presence of H. pylori in twice the number of samples as SAT, indicating that many patients are misdiagnosed, not treated by antibiotics, and their problems are interpreted as chronic. Thus, it is unclear how to properly diagnose H. pylori in practice. In the first approach, SAT or UBT is sufficient. If samples are negative, the 148 bp amplicon NPCR assay should be performed. If problems persist, patients should not be considered negative, but due to threshold H. pylori abundance, they should be periodically tested. The advantage of NPCR over UBT is that it can be used universally, including questionable samples taken from patients with achlorhydria, receiving proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, bismuth compound, intestinal metaplasia, or gastric ulcer bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Sulo
- Department of Biochemistry, Comenius University, Bratislava 842 15, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Šipková
- Department of Biochemistry, Comenius University, Bratislava 842 15, Slovakia
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Efficacy of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for H. pylori Detection as Point-of-Care Testing by Noninvasive Sampling. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091538. [PMID: 34573879 PMCID: PMC8467764 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For targeted eradication of Helicobacterpylori (H. pylori) to reduce gastric cancer burden, a convenient approach is definitely needed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the LAMP assay for H. pylori detection using samples collected by noninvasive and self-sampling methods. The available LAMP assay for H. pylori detection was appraised and verified using reference and clinically isolated H. pylori strains. In addition, a clinical study was conducted to assess the LAMP assay on 51 patients, from whom saliva, oral brushing samples, feces, corpus, and antrum specimens were available. Clarithromycin resistance was also analysed through detection of A2143G mutation using the LAMP-RFLP method. The validation and verification analysis demonstrated that the LAMP assay had an acceptable result in terms of specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and accuracy for clinical settings. The LAMP assay showed a detection limit for H. pylori down to 0.25 fg/µL of genomic DNA. An acceptable consensus was observed using saliva samples (sensitivity 58.1%, specificity 84.2%, PPV 85.7%, NPV 55.2%, accuracy 68%) in comparison to biopsy sampling as the gold standard. The performance testing of different combinations of noninvasive sampling methods demonstrated that a combination of saliva and oral brushing could achieve a sensitivity of 74.2% and a specificity of 57.9%. A2143G mutation detection by LAMP-RFLP showed perfect consensus with Sanger sequencing results. It appears that the LAMP assay in combination with noninvasive and self-sampling as a point-of-care testing (POCT) approach has potential usefulness to detect H.pylori infection in clinic settings and screening programs.
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Bordin DS, Voynovan IN, Andreev DN, Maev IV. Current Helicobacter pylori Diagnostics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081458. [PMID: 34441392 PMCID: PMC8393410 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and the variety of gastroduodenal diseases caused by this pathogen necessitate the use of only accurate methods both for the primary diagnosis and for monitoring the eradication effectiveness. There is a broad spectrum of diagnostic methods available for detecting H. pylori. All methods can be classified as invasive or non-invasive. The need for upper endoscopy, different clinical circumstances, sensitivity and specificity, and accessibility defines the method chosen. This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the current options and novel developments in diagnostic tests for H. pylori detection. The progress in endoscopic modalities has made it possible not only to diagnose precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer but also to predict H. pylori infection in real time. The contribution of novel endoscopic evaluation technologies in the diagnosis of H. pylori such as visual endoscopy using blue laser imaging (BLI), linked color imaging (LCI), and magnifying endoscopy is discussed. Recent studies have demonstrated the capability of artificial intelligence to predict H. pylori status based on endoscopic images. Non-invasive diagnostic tests such as the urea breathing test and stool antigen test are recommended for primary diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Serology can be used for initial screening and epidemiological studies. The histology showed its value in detecting H. pylori and provided more information about the degree of gastric mucosa inflammation and precancerous lesions. Molecular methods are mainly used in detecting antibiotic resistance of H. pylori. Cultures from gastric biopsies are the gold standard and recommended for antibiotic susceptibility tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Bordin
- A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia;
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia; (D.N.A.); (I.V.M.)
- Tver State Medical University, 170100 Tver, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Irina N. Voynovan
- A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitrii N. Andreev
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia; (D.N.A.); (I.V.M.)
| | - Igor V. Maev
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia; (D.N.A.); (I.V.M.)
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Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Routine Testing Workflow: Effect of Bacterial Load and Virulence Factors. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132755. [PMID: 34201588 PMCID: PMC8268826 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable diagnostic methods are mandatory for effective management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Histology and culture are the most common invasive methods in current practice, even if molecular methods are gaining in importance. The performance of these conventional methods varies significantly. We conducted a retrospective study of 1540 adults and 504 children with gastric biopsies taken during endoscopy to assess the impact of bacterial load and the cagA virulence factor on the performance of H. pylori infection testing. The association between virulence and histology findings was also investigated. With 23S rRNA qPCR confirmed by glmM amplification as the gold standard, culture and histology had lower sensitivity, 74.4% and 73.3%, respectively. However, their sensitivity was enhanced (>90%) in biopsies with high bacterial load (qPCR Ct < 30). Positive cagA status of the strain was associated with high bacterial load (94.9%), thus resulting in more frequent positive culture (94.3%) and H. pylori histology detection (91.7%) and more severe lesions on histology (p < 0.001). Conversely, the cagA status of the strains was negative in 110/119 (92.4%) of biopsies with low bacterial load (qPCR Ct < 30), 82/90 (91.1%) with negative H. pylori histology detection and 119/131 (90%) with negative culture findings (p < 0.001). This study highlights the low sensitivity of conventional culture and histology that may lead to false negative diagnosis if used alone. H. pylori quantification associated with cagA genotyping in routine workflow are essential for a sensitive and reliable diagnosis, to identify patients at high risk and to manage eradication therapies.
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Gantuya B, Serag HBE, Saruuljavkhlan B, Azzaya D, Matsumoto T, Uchida T, Oyuntsetseg K, Oyunbileg N, Davaadorj D, Yamaoka Y. Advantage of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in Helicobacter pylori diagnosis. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12790. [PMID: 33596345 PMCID: PMC8122063 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing is an accurate method of detecting microbial infection without culture. It is unclear if sequencing has additional benefits over routine diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori testing. METHODS We enrolled Mongolian volunteers with dyspepsia. Using routine diagnostic methods, positive H. pylori was defined as positive results on histology/immunohistochemistry, culture, rapid urease test, or serology; negative H. pylori was defined by negative results from all these tests. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing on gastric biopsy specimens and calculated cutoffs for operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and relative abundance (RA) to define positive results using ROC curves. RESULTS We examined 161 individuals with a mean age of 43.6 years, and 64.6% were women. Using routine diagnostic methods, 122 (75.8%) participants were H. pylori positive, the sensitivity and specificity for 16S rRNA sequencing were 94.3% and 82.1% or 93.4% and 82.1% when cutoff values were set to 1113 (OTU number) or 4.4% RA, respectively (both p < .001). When combining the validated values, the concordance rate was high (91.1%); however, 16S rRNA sequencing had additional positive yield in 9 cases (5.6%) compared with routine diagnostic methods, and much greater additional positive yield compared to histopathology/IHC, culture, RUT, serology separately with 12 (7.4%), 37 (23.0%) and 43 (26.7%). CONCLUSION 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing detects potentially important proportion of H. pylori-positive cases that test negative with routine diagnostic methods. The quantitative number of H. pylori can help to understand how it can be changing by diseases and RA give opportunity to understand how H. pylori communicate with other microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boldbaatar Gantuya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia,Endoscopy Unit, Mongolia—Japan teaching hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Hashem B. El Serag
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | - Dashdorj Azzaya
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Uchida
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Oita University of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Khasag Oyuntsetseg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia,Endoscopy Unit, Mongolia—Japan teaching hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Nyamdorj Oyunbileg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Duger Davaadorj
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia,Endoscopy Unit, Mongolia—Japan teaching hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
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Laryngeal Helicobacter pylori Infection and Laryngeal Cancer-Case Series and a Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061129. [PMID: 34071118 PMCID: PMC8224578 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection involves the development of gastric cancer and may be associated with laryngeal cancer. However, laryngeal H. pylori infection in Taiwanese patients with newly diagnosed laryngeal cancer has not been reported. This study was aimed to investigate the possible association between laryngeal H. pylori infection and laryngeal cancer in Taiwan and perform a systematic review of previous reports in other countries. An analysis of 105 patients with laryngeal lesions found the positive rates of H. pylori DNA (determined by polymerase chain reaction) and antigen (determined by immunohistochemistry) of the laryngeal lesions were relatively low (vocal polyps: 3% and 3%; vocal fold leukoplakia: 0% and 0%; laryngeal cancers: 0% and 2%). Furthermore, H. pylori-associated laryngopharyngeal reflux and the expression of E-cadherin and CD1d (determined by immunohistochemistry) were comparable among the three subgroups. Fifteen studies were involved in the systematic review of the digital literature database, distributed to February 2021. The data of patients with laryngeal cancer and controls showed that the laryngeal H. pylori infection rates were 29.4% and 16.7%, respectively. Although current evidence supported that laryngeal H. pylori infection was associated with laryngeal cancer globally, it might not play a role in the development of laryngeal cancer in Taiwan.
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18
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González MF, Díaz P, Sandoval-Bórquez A, Herrera D, Quest AFG. Helicobacter pylori Outer Membrane Vesicles and Extracellular Vesicles from Helicobacter pylori-Infected Cells in Gastric Disease Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094823. [PMID: 34062919 PMCID: PMC8124820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived vesicles important in intercellular communication that play an essential role in host-pathogen interactions, spreading pathogen-derived as well as host-derived molecules during infection. Pathogens can induce changes in the composition of EVs derived from the infected cells and use them to manipulate their microenvironment and, for instance, modulate innate and adaptive inflammatory immune responses, both in a stimulatory or suppressive manner. Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered the main risk factor for developing this disease, which is characterized by a strong inflammatory component. EVs released by host cells infected with H. pylori contribute significantly to inflammation, and in doing so promote the development of disease. Additionally, H. pylori liberates vesicles, called outer membrane vesicles (H. pylori-OMVs), which contribute to atrophia and cell transformation in the gastric epithelium. In this review, the participation of both EVs from cells infected with H. pylori and H. pylori-OMVs associated with the development of gastric cancer will be discussed. By deciphering which functions of these external vesicles during H. pylori infection benefit the host or the pathogen, novel treatment strategies may become available to prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda González
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (M.F.G.); (P.D.); (A.S.-B.); (D.H.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Paula Díaz
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (M.F.G.); (P.D.); (A.S.-B.); (D.H.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Alejandra Sandoval-Bórquez
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (M.F.G.); (P.D.); (A.S.-B.); (D.H.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Daniela Herrera
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (M.F.G.); (P.D.); (A.S.-B.); (D.H.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Andrew F. G. Quest
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (M.F.G.); (P.D.); (A.S.-B.); (D.H.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Corporación Centro de Estudios Científicos de las Enfermedades Crónicas (CECEC), Santiago 7680201, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-29786832
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19
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Miftahussurur M. Noninvasive Helicobacter pylori Diagnostic Methods in Indonesia. Gut Liver 2020; 14:553-559. [PMID: 31693853 PMCID: PMC7492493 DOI: 10.5009/gnl19264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Indonesia is lower than that in other countries, H. pylori is still an essential pathogen associated with severe gastric mucosal damage and dyspeptic symptoms. Invasive diagnostic methods are not ideal due to the lack of endoscopic centers and high costs without full coverage by social insurance. Among the noninvasive methods, the urea breath test is widely available in Indonesia and has been suggested as the primary option to ensure the successful eradication of H. pylori. There has been no local validation for the urea breath test utilizing 13C or 14C. The stool antigen test is inexpensive and suitable for use in active infections before and after eradication; however, customs and habits are obstacles to delivering fresh stool on time. Only polyclonal antibodies and qualitative stool antigen test kits with low sensitivity are available. Serology is a widely validated method and has good accuracy, but it cannot distinguish between active and inactive infections. According to our observations, serology is the main choice of experts and patients, as it is simple, inexpensive and widely known. The urine test is an alternative for reducing costs and endoscopic workload, with high accuracy but low sensitivity. Further studies are necessary to prove the validity of the urine test to be used throughout Indonesia, especially in areas with a low prevalence of H. pylori infection. In conclusion, the validated urea breath test and the stool antigen test are considered noninvasive practical approaches for the detection of H. pylori infection in Indonesia, with serological and urine tests as alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Miftahussurur
- Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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20
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Mukai R, Handa O, Suyama Y, Majima A, Naito Y. Effectiveness of including probiotics to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020. [PMID: 32801475 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin has reportedly decreased. Some studies have found probiotics to be useful in eradicating H. pylori, but these effects have not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to elucidate the role of probiotics in eradicating H. pylori infection. Patients in our hospital with H. pylori infection that received standard treatment from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated (n = 468). They were divided into three groups based on their treatment regime, being either proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin (PPI group), vonoprazan, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin (VPZ group), and proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin/probiotics (Miya-BM®) (PPI + MBM group). We retrospectively evaluated the H. pylori eradication rate and reported side effects. According to intention-to-treat analyses, the eradication rate of H. pylori was significantly higher in the PPI + MBM group (87.1%) than in the PPI group (70.1%). There was no difference in side effects between any of the three groups. In conclusion, Miya-BM® may have an additive effect when included with eradication therapies for H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Mukai
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Osamu Handa
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suyama
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Majima
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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21
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Altamimi E, Alsharkhat N, AlJawarneh A, Abu Hamad MR, Assi AA, Alawneh S, Al-Ahmad M. Declining prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Jordanian children, report from developing country. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04416. [PMID: 32715122 PMCID: PMC7378580 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacteria that is harbored in the stomach and linked to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric malignancy. Most Helicobacter infections are acquired during early infancy. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Jordanian children using the 13C-urea breath test. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prospectively enrolled children between the ages of 4 and 17 years from April 2019 to July 2019. Enrolled children were patients with nongastrointestinal complaints at the pediatric clinics of two hospitals and at community centers caring for healthy children in Irbid, Jordan. Questionnaires obtaining data on sociodemographics, clinical symptomatology, and hygienic risk factors were completed. Recruited children underwent a urea breath test (UBT). RESULTS Of 340 children who were recruited, 328 (96.5%) were included in the final analysis. The mean age (±standard deviation) was 9.56 (±3.98) years (range, 4.0-17 years), and 168 (51.2%) were males. Only 48 children (14.6%) tested positive. There were no gender differences. Living in an urban area and a family history of previous H. pylori infection were risk factors for the acquisition of infection (P = 0.007 and 0.001, respectively). Although gastrointestinal symptoms were more common in H. pylori-infected children, only hiccups and constipation were statistically significant (P = 0.035 and 0.038, respectively). CONCLUSION H. pylori infects at least 15% of Jordanian children, suggesting a significant drop in infection rates in this group. Larger-scale studies combined with clinical evaluations will be important for further understanding the reasons for the observed decrease in H. pylori infections in Jordanian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyad Altamimi
- Pediatric Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Pediatric Department, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | | | | | - Anas Abu Assi
- King Hussein Cancer Foundation and Center, Amman, Jordan
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22
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Evaluation of different culture media for detection and quantification of H. pylori in environmental and clinical samples. Int Microbiol 2020; 23:481-487. [PMID: 32607781 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-020-00135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Mukai R, Handa O, Suyama Y, Majima A, Naito Y. Effectiveness of including probiotics to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:102-104. [PMID: 32801475 PMCID: PMC7417795 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin has reportedly decreased. Some studies have found probiotics to be useful in eradicating H. pylori, but these effects have not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to elucidate the role of probiotics in eradicating H. pylori infection. Patients in our hospital with H. pylori infection that received standard treatment from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated (n = 468). They were divided into three groups based on their treatment regime, being either proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin (PPI group), vonoprazan, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin (VPZ group), and proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin/probiotics (Miya-BM®) (PPI + MBM group). We retrospectively evaluated the H. pylori eradication rate and reported side effects. According to intention-to-treat analyses, the eradication rate of H. pylori was significantly higher in the PPI + MBM group (87.1%) than in the PPI group (70.1%). There was no difference in side effects between any of the three groups. In conclusion, Miya-BM® may have an additive effect when included with eradication therapies for H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Mukai
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Osamu Handa
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suyama
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Majima
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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Clinical significance and influencing factors of linked color imaging technique in real-time diagnosis of active Helicobacter pylori infection. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 132:2395-2401. [PMID: 31651514 PMCID: PMC6831074 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Determining the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection state during the gastroscopic process is important but still challenging. The linked color imaging (LCI) technique might emphasize the mucosal color change after H. pylori infection, which might help the diagnosis. In the present study, we aimed to compare the LCI technique with traditional white light imaging (WLI) endoscopy for diagnosing active H. pylori infection. Methods: We collected and analyzed gastroscopic images from 103 patients in our hospital from November 2017 to March 2018, including both LCI and WLI modes. All images were randomly disordered and independently evaluated by four endoscopists who were blinded to the H. pylori status of patients. In addition, the H. pylori state was determined by both rapid urease test and pathology staining. The sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value (PPV), and negative prediction value (NPV) were calculated for the detection of H. pylori infection. Moreover, the kappa value and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate the inter-observer variety by SPSS 24.0 software. Results: Of the 103 enrolled patients, 27 of them were positive for H. pylori infection, while the 76 patients were negative. In total, 388 endoscopic images were selected, including 197 WLI and 191 LCI. The accuracy rate for H. pylori evaluation in the corpus LCI group was significantly higher than other groups (81.2% vs. 64.3%–76.5%, χ2 = 34.852, P < 0.001). Moreover, the corpus LCI group had the optimal diagnostic power with the sensitivity of 85.41% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 76.40%–91.51%), the specificity of 79.71% (95% CI: 74.38%–84.19%), the PPV of 59.42% (95% CI: 50.72%–67.59%), and the NPV of 94.02% (95% CI: 89.95%–96.56%), respectively. The kappa values between different endoscopists were higher with LCI than with WLI (0.433–0.554 vs. 0.331–0.554). Consistently, the ICC value was also higher with LCI than with WLI (0.501 [95% CI: 0.429–0.574] vs. 0.397 [95% CI: 0.323–0.474]). We further analyzed the factors that might lead to misjudgment, revealing that active inflammation might disturb WLI judgment (accuracy rate: 58.70% vs. 76.16%, χ2 = 21.373, P < 0.001). Atrophy and intestinal metaplasia might affect the accuracy of the LCI results (accuracy rate: 66.96% vs. 73.47%, χ2 = 2.027; 68.42% vs. 73.53%, χ2 = 1.594, respectively); however, without statistical significance (P = 0.154 and 0.207, respectively). Conclusions: The application of LCI at the corpus to identify H. pylori infection is reliable and superior to WLI. The inter-observer variability is lower with LCI than with WLI. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1800016730; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=28400
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Abstract
GOALS The goal of this study was to elucidate the most important predictors for elevation of gastrin in patients on long-term PPI therapy through analysis of data from 2 published studies in Icelandic patients with erosive GERD. BACKGROUND Gastrin elevation is a known but variable consequence of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. Concerns have been raised about the clinical importance of chronic PPI induced gastrin elevation. STUDY This cross-sectional analysis included patients with endoscopically verified erosive esophagitis receiving long-term PPI therapy. PPI exposure in dosage over weight (mg/kg) and dosage over body surface area (mg/m) was compared with fasting gastrin levels in two separate multiple linear regression models. Data was collected on age, gender, weight, H. pylori infection, smoking, PPI duration and type. RESULTS Overall data from 157 patients (78 females) were analyzed. Median serum gastrin levels were higher in females than males (92 vs. 60 pg/mL; P=0.001). Simple linear regression showed a correlation between serum gastrin levels and gender (P=0.0008) as well as PPI exposure in mg/kg (P=0.0001) and mg/m (P=0.0001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PPI exposure, both in mg/kg (β=0.95 [CI=0.4-1.5]; P=0.001) and mg/m (β=0.02 [CI=0.0-0.0]; P=0.0015) along with female gender (β=0.2 [CI=0.0-0.4]; P=0.02) predicted higher gastrin values. CONCLUSIONS Dosage and female gender seem to play an important role in the development of gastrin elevation on PPI therapy. A significant correlation was found between fasting serum gastrin and dosage of PPIs over weight and body surface area.
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Kahtan Al-Bayaty M, Abdul-Rudha Abass S, Faraj Al-Marjani M. E-Cadherin Protein as a Potential Marker for Gastric Cancer and Its Association with Helicobacter Pylori- Induced Gastritis and Gastric Ulcer. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 8:269-277. [PMID: 32274399 PMCID: PMC7103084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is still the main health threat being the third leading cause of deaths from cancers in the world. The major risk behind the gastric cancer is that it remains asymptomatic in the early stages and in (97%) cases it metastasizes to other organs. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease in which Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been known as a risk factor. However, patients with gastritis, especially atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer have been shown to be at an increased risk for developing gastric cancer. METHODS This study included measuring the serum levels of E-Cadherin protein, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 30 patients diagnosed with gastritis, 20 gastric ulcer patients, 20 gastric cancer patients and in 20 healthy volunteers serving as the control group. RESULTS Infection with H. pylori was diagnosed by serology (IgA and IgG antibodies) as well as by rapid urease test (RUT) and histology. The results showed that 50 (71.4%) of the patients were positive for H. pylori. Levels of E-Cadherin were increased significantly in all patients in comparison to the control group with a large significant increase in the gastric cancer group. The levels of E-Cadherin were also significantly increased in H. pylori infected patients compared to H. pylori negative patients. A non-significant difference in the levels of CA19-9 and CEA was observed in all patients in comparison to healthy controls. CONCLUSION This study concluded that serum E-Cadherin could be considered as a potential marker in diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Yu M, Zhang R, Ni P, Chen S, Duan G. Helicobacter pylori Infection and Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55100645. [PMID: 31561576 PMCID: PMC6843633 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis with the aim of determining the relationship between H. pylori infection and psoriasis. Methods: Pubmed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Web of Science were searched for articles published up to July, 2019. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 were used for statistical analyses. Results: The initial database search resulted in 204 articles. Through exclusion and screening, 11 studies involving a total of 1741 participants were finally included in this meta-analysis. The odds ratio (OR) of H. pylori infection rate in the psoriasis group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.15–2.52, P = 0.008). Subgroup analysis showed that no significant difference was detected between the Asia group and the Europe group. As for the methods of H. pylori detection, a statistically significant increase of H. pylori infection in the IgG ELISA test group was detected, compared with the urea breath test group. In addition, analysis based on the severity of psoriasis showed a statistically significant increase of H. pylori infection in moderate and severe psoriasis patients (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.42–3.63, I2 = 27%), but not in the mild psoriasis patients (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.79–1.54, I2 = 0%). Conclusion: H. pylori infection is associated with psoriasis, and psoriasis patients with H. pylori infection have higher Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. The findings are of considerable significance for the clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Peng Ni
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Ma F, Li X, Ren J, Guo R, Li Y, Liu J, Sun Y, Liu Z, Jia J, Li W. Downregulation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3b inhibited proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:623. [PMID: 31423012 PMCID: PMC6698483 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) plays an important role in the regulation of mRNA translation, cell growth and cancer development. eIF3b is the main scaffolding subunit in the eIF3 complex and has been demonstrated to contribute to the development of several cancers. First, our study found that the downregulation of eIF3b could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by regulating the expression of cancer-related genes. In addition, the expression of eIF3b correlated with the stage and progression of gastric cancer and was shown to be upregulated in human chronic gastritis and in gastric cancer tissues compared with the expression of eIF3b in normal gastric tissues. Moreover, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection could upregulate the expression of eIF3b in gastric cancer cells, suggesting that eIF3b might be involved in the carcinogenic process of H. pylori. The above findings identified the oncogenic role of eIF3b in gastric cancer development, and this may contribute to the exploration and discovery of novel therapeutic targets for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Juchao Ren
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Ruiting Guo
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Jichang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yundong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Jihui Jia
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of basic medical sciences, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
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Bordin DS, Voynovan IN, Kolbasnikov SV, Embutnieks YV. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in clinical practice. TERAPEVT ARKH 2019; 90:133-139. [PMID: 30701845 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2018.12.000020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic tests used to detection Helicobacter pylori are divided into invasive (requiring endoscopy) and non-invasive, direct (bacteriological, histological or molecular detection of the bacterium) and indirect (detection of urease activity of the bacterium or antibodies to it). The choice of the test is determined by the clinical situation, as well as by its availability and cost. The sensitivity of most tests is affected by the use of antisecretory drugs and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Bordin
- A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center of the Department of Health of Moscow, Moscow, Russia.,Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tver, Russia
| | - I N Voynovan
- A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center of the Department of Health of Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Kolbasnikov
- Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tver, Russia
| | - Yu V Embutnieks
- A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center of the Department of Health of Moscow, Moscow, Russia
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Chen CW, Cheng JS, Chen TD, Le PH, Ku HP, Chang ML. The irreversible HCV-associated risk of gastric cancer following interferon-based therapy: a joint study of hospital-based cases and nationwide population-based cohorts. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2019; 12:1756284819855732. [PMID: 31244896 PMCID: PMC6582290 DOI: 10.1177/1756284819855732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes many extrahepatic malignancies; whether it increases gastric cancer risk and the risk reverses after anti-HCV therapy remain elusive. METHOD A nationwide population-based cohort study of Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (TNHIRD) was conducted. In parallel, the risk factors and HCV-core-protein expressions were surveyed in gastric cancer patients from a tertiary care center. RESULTS From 2003 to 2012, of 11,712,928 patients, three 1:4:4, propensity-score-matched TNHIRD cohorts including HCV-treated (7545 patients with interferon-based therapy ⩾ 6 months), HCV-untreated (n = 30,180), and HCV-uninfected cohorts (n = 30,180) were enrolled. The cumulative incidences of gastric cancer [HCV-treated: 0.452%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.149-1.136%; HCV-untreated: 0.472%; 95% CI: 0.274-0.776%; HCV-uninfected: 0.146%; 95% CI 0.071-0.280%] were lowest in HCV-uninfected cohort (p = 0.0028), but indifferent between treated and untreated cohorts. HCV infection [hazards ratio (HR): 2.364; 95% CI: 1.337-4.181], male sex (HR: 1.823; 95% CI: 1.09-3.05) and age ⩾ 49 years (HR: 3.066; 95% CI: 1.56-6.026) were associated with incident gastric cancers. Among 887 (males: 68.4%; mean age: 66.5 ± 12.9 years, 2008-2018) hospitalized gastric cancer patients, HCV Ab-positive rate was 7.8%. None of the investigated factors exhibited different rates between HCV Ab-positive and Ab-negative patients. No HCV-core-positive cells were demonstrated in gastric cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS HCV infection, male sex and old age were risk factors for gastric cancer development. HCV-associated gastric cancer risk might be neither reversed by interferon-based therapy, nor associated with in situ HCV-core-related carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jur-Shan Cheng
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Di Chen
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Puo-Hsien Le
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Ku
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Shiferaw G, Abera D. Magnitude of Helicobacter pylori and associated risk factors among symptomatic patients attending at Jasmin internal medicine and pediatrics specialized private clinic in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:118. [PMID: 30727997 PMCID: PMC6364427 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 50% of the people are infected worldwide with H. pylori which causes significant public health morbidity and mortality. The distribution is quite different from country to country. Hence, early information is very important to prevent upper gastrointestinal complications. The current study aimed to assess the magnitude of H. pylori and associated risk factors among symptomatic patients attending at Jasmin internal medicine and pediatrics specialized private clinic from August 2017 until May 2018 in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 487 patients with upper gastrointestinal tract complaints attending at Jasmin internal medicine and pediatrics specialized private clinic from August 2017 until May 2018. Convenient sampling technique was used to enroll participants. Information regarding to risk factors was assessed using structured questionnaire. Stool samples were collected for H. pylori antigen test. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version20 statistical software and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The overall prevalence of H. pylori among participants using stool antigen was 36.8% (n = 179/487). Regarding to family income status, those who have low monthly income were more likely to be infected with H. pylori infection (AOR = 6.056, CI 95% = 1.603-22.881, P = 0.037). In addition, families with low educational level were more likely to be infected with H. pylori infection than higher level education (AOR = 4.150, CI95% = 1.059-16.270, P = 0.041). Number of family members in the house-hold, type of toilet they used and source of drinking water were not significantly associated with H. pylori infection. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 36.8% and it was related to low income and low education levels. This finding calls for improving the socioeconomic status of the community. Moreover, further studies are needed to investigate potential risk factors for H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemechu Shiferaw
- School of medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dessie Abera
- Department of medical laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Aguilar-Luis MA, Palacios-Cuervo F, Espinal-Reyes F, Calderón-Rivera A, Levy-Blitchtein S, Palomares-Reyes C, Silva-Caso W, Zavaleta-Gavidia V, Bazán-Mayra J, Cornejo-Tapia A, Del Valle-Mendoza J, Del Valle LJ. Highly clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic children from a rural community of Cajamarca-Peru. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:809. [PMID: 30428917 PMCID: PMC6236992 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori in asymptomatic children in a rural community of Cajamarca (northern Peru). Results Helicobacter pylori was detected in 17.2% (49/285) of the samples. Unboiled water consumption the most frequent associated factor in patients with positive PCR for H. pylori infection (93.9%). Clarithromycin resistant mutations were found in 79.6% (39/49) of the positive samples for H. pylori. The most frequent mutation was A2142G (46.9%), followed by the double-mutation A2142G–A2143G (28.6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru
| | - Fernando Palacios-Cuervo
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru
| | - Fátima Espinal-Reyes
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru
| | - Andrea Calderón-Rivera
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru
| | - Saúl Levy-Blitchtein
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Wilmer Silva-Caso
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Jorge Bazán-Mayra
- Dirección Regional de Salud de Cajamarca (DIRESA-Cajamarca), Cajamarca, Peru
| | - Angela Cornejo-Tapia
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru
| | - Juana Del Valle-Mendoza
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Center of the Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. San marcos Cdra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Peru. .,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru.
| | - Luis J Del Valle
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universidad Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona Tech, Barcelona, Spain.
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Quaglia NC, Dambrosio A. Helicobacter pylori: A foodborne pathogen? World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3472-3487. [PMID: 30131654 PMCID: PMC6102504 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i31.3472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an organism that is widespread in the human population and is sometimes responsible for some of the most common chronic clinical disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract in humans, such as chronic-active gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer disease, low-grade B-cell mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach, and gastric adenocarcinoma, which is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The routes of infection have not yet been firmly established, and different routes of transmission have been suggested, although the most commonly accepted hypothesis is that infection takes place through the faecal-oral route and that contaminated water and foods might play an important role in transmission of the microorganism to humans. Furthermore, several authors have considered H. pylori to be a foodborne pathogen because of some of its microbiological and epidemiological characteristics. H. pylori has been detected in drinking water, seawater, vegetables and foods of animal origin. H. pylori survives in complex foodstuffs such as milk, vegetables and ready-to-eat foods. This review article presents an overview of the present knowledge on the microbiological aspects in terms of phenotypic characteristics and growth requirements of H. pylori, focusing on the potential role that foodstuffs and water may play in the transmission of the pathogen to humans and the methods successfully used for the detection of this microorganism in foodstuffs and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta C Quaglia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinic and Animal Production, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano 70010, Italy
| | - Angela Dambrosio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinic and Animal Production, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano 70010, Italy
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Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection : A short review. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2018; 130:530-534. [PMID: 29959527 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-018-1356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infections represent an important factor in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, MALT lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. The recently published Maastricht V/Florence consensus report indicated that the urea breath test using 13 C urea still remains the best non-invasive test to diagnose H. pylori infections with high sensitivity and specificity. Among the stool antigen tests, the ELISA monoclonal antibody test is a rational option. Effective therapy should be based only on susceptibility testing in regions with documented high clarithromycin resistance (>15%). Advanced high-resolution endoscopic technologies enable increased diagnostic accuracy for detection of H. pylori infections.
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Seid A, Demsiss W. Feco-prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among symptomatic patients at Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:260. [PMID: 29879914 PMCID: PMC5991442 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common chronic bacterial infection in the world. It can result in various upper gastroduodenal diseases. The prevalence varies among countries, population groups within the same country and testing methods. The aim of the study was to determine feco-prevalence and risk factors of H.pylori infection among symptomatic patients in Amhara region, Northeast Ethiopia. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 342 new consecutive outpatients with upper abdominal complaints at Dessie Referral Hospital from May to July, 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic, lifestyle and environmental data. Stool samples were used to detect H. pylori specific antigen. Blood samples were assessed for anti-H. pylori IgG and ABO blood types. SPSS version 20.0 statistical software package was used for data analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used in the analysis and P-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS H. pylori stool antigen and serum anti-H.pylori IgG detection rate was 30.4 and 60.5% respectively with kappa measure of agreement of 0.271. Antigen detection was significantly associated with family size (> 3) [AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.10-3.05, p = 0.02], more persons (> 3) sharing the same bed room in the household [AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.39-6.11, p = 0.005], alcohol consumption (> once a week) [AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.49-4.89, p = 0.001] and individuals' blood type: group O [AOR = 8.93, 95%CI: 1.79-44.48, p = 0.008] and group A [AOR = 5.53, 95%CI: 1.08-28.36, p = 0.040]. Gender, age, marital status, occupation, educational level, residence, smoking as well as coffee, tea, fruits and vegetables consumption were not statistically associated with H. pylori antigen detection (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The overall H. pylori stool antigen and anti-H. pylori IgG detection rate was 30.4 and 60.5%, respectively. The test agreement was not strongly convincing and needs further evaluation. Alcohol consumption, overcrowding and ABO blood group were significantly associated with H. pylori antigen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Wondmagegn Demsiss
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Safarnezhad Tameshkel F, Karbalaie Niya MH, Kheyri Z, Azizi D, Roozafzai F, Khorrami S. The Evaluation of Diagnostic and Predictive Values of Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen Test in Iranian Patients with Dyspepsia. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 13:38-44. [PMID: 29731794 PMCID: PMC5929387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Iran, as a developing country, is experiencing high burdens of Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-associated non-communicable diseases. Hp stool antigen test (HpSA) is widely used as an inexpensive and feasible noninvasive method to diagnose Hp infection, instead of invasive approaches. The current study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic and predictive values of HpSA test for Hp infection in Iranian patients with dyspepsia. METHODS The current cross sectional study was performed on 100 patients with dyspepsia. Gastric mucosal specimens were taken, processed, and examined according to the standard protocols. Simultaneously, stool samples were obtained and sent to laboratory for further analyses. Hp stool antigen titers were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. RESULTS Stool antigen titers were not associated with gender (P-value=0.284), but correlated to age (r=0.213, P-value=0.034). Considering 0.385 as a cutoff point, the HpSA test had 80.4% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity. CONCLUSION Based on cost-effectiveness of HpSA test, the current study findings corroborated the use of HpSA test to detect and follow-up patients with Hp infection, as an alternative method to detect Hp rather than invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zahedin Kheyri
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Amiralmomenin hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Davood Azizi
- Dept. of Pathology, Amiralmomenin hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Farzin Roozafzai
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Khorrami
- Dept. of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,Corresponding information: Samaneh Khorrami; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +982186703295; Fax: +982188622652; E-mail:
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Preda CM, Proca D, Sandra I, Fulger LE, Horeanga BC, Manuc M, Manuc T, Dutei CA, Barbu M, Tugui L, Andrei AC, Slavulete BI, Diculescu M. A Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety of Two Eradication Regimens for Helicobacter pylori Infection. MAEDICA 2017; 12:157-163. [PMID: 29218061 PMCID: PMC5706753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most frequent diseases around the world, affecting about half of the world population. The infection is known to be associated with upper gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this paper is to identify which of the following two first-line therapy options (ECA vs ECM - see abbreviations below) is more efficient and to assess the improvement in the quality of life among these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS 96 patients with proven Helicobacter pylori infection were divided in two treatment groups, as follows: 47 patients received a 10-day triple therapy with esomeprazole 80 mg/day, amoxicillin 2000 mg/day and clarithromycin 1000 mg/day (ECA) and the rest of 49 received a 10-day sequential therapy: esomeprazole 40 mg and amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily for five days, followed by esomeprazole 40 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg (ECM) twice daily for another five days. Assessment of Helicobacter pylori infection was performed using the stool antigen test one month after the patient finished therapy. At the beginning of the study and at the follow-up visit, every subject was asked to complete the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI). RESULTS Twenty three patients did not come for the follow-up visit (24% drop-out rate). The ECA therapy group had an efficacy rate of 94%, while the rate of the ECM treated group was 95% (per protocol analysis). There was no significant difference regarding the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The entire group treatment tolerability was approximately 85%, with no statistical difference between groups (p-value = 0.824). Quality of life improvement was 11.18 points in the ECA treated group and 13.4 points in the ECM treated group (p=NS). Regarding the quality of life improvement, the results were positive, irrespective of type of peptic disease, but the most important results were obtained in peptic ulcer disease, functional dyspepsia and chronic gastritis. CONCLUSIONS Both ECA and ECM regimens are almost equally effective in Helicobacter pylori eradication and significantly improve the quality of life irrespective of type of peptic disease. The limitation of this study was the significant drop-out rate (24%) that may have overestimated the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Monica Preda
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Doina Proca
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Sandra
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Larisa Elena Fulger
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Boroka Claudia Horeanga
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Manuc
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodora Manuc
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Andrei Dutei
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Barbu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Letitia Tugui
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana-Corina Andrei
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionut Slavulete
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Diculescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
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Awuku YA, Simpong DL, Alhassan IK, Tuoyire DA, Afaa T, Adu P. Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection among children living in a rural setting in Sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:360. [PMID: 28438158 PMCID: PMC5404296 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4274-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection affects more than half of the world's population. It is generally acquired during childhood with no symptoms but has long- term clinical sequelae. This study estimated the prevalence of H. pylori infection amongst children in a rural environment in Africa. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study over a four (4)-month period within two rural communities. 240 asymptomatic children were tested using lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for the qualitative detection of H. pylori antigen in a fecal specimen. Statistical analysis and processing was done using Stata version 11. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 10.5 ± 2.7 years with the predominant age range being 8-10 years (34.6%), and a mean household size of 7.1 ± 1.7. The study population showed a female preponderance of 57.1%. 88% of the H. pylori positive children lacked pipe and borehole drinking water. All of the positive H. pylori children practiced open-air defecation. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection among children in this study was at least 14.2%. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of H. pylori infection among children in a rural setting. Educational status of parents did not affect H. pylori prevalence but increasing household numbers, female gender, source of drinking water other than pipe and borehole, open-air defecation and younger age were associated with a higher H. pylori prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw Asante Awuku
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - David Larbi Simpong
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | | | - Taiba Afaa
- Department of Child Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Patrick Adu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Matta AJ, Pazos AJ, Bustamante-Rengifo JA, Bravo LE. Genomic variability of Helicobacter pylori isolates of gastric regions from two Colombian populations. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:800-809. [PMID: 28223724 PMCID: PMC5296196 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i5.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the genomic variability and the multiple colonization of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in patients with chronic gastritis from two Colombian populations with contrast in the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC): Túquerres-Nariño (High risk) and Tumaco-Nariño (Low risk).
METHODS Four hundred and nine patients from both genders with dyspeptic symptoms were studied. Seventy-two patients were included in whom H. pylori was isolated from three anatomic regions of the gastric mucosa, (31/206) of the high risk population of GC (Túquerres) and (41/203) of the low risk population of GC (Tumaco). The isolates were genotyped by PCR-RAPD. Genetic diversity between the isolates was evaluated by conglomerates analysis and multiple correspondence analyses.
RESULTS The proportion of virulent genotypes of H. pylori was 99% in Túquerres and 94% in Tumaco. The coefficient of similarity of Nei-Li showed greater genetic diversity among isolates of Túquerres (0.13) than those of Tumaco (0.07). After adjusting by age, gender and type of gastritis, the multiple colonization was 1.7 times more frequent in Túquerres than in Tumaco (P = 0.05).
CONCLUSION In Túquerres, high risk of GC there was a greater probability of multiple colonization by H. pylori. From the analysis of the results of the PCR-RAPD, it was found higher genetic variability in the isolates of H. pylori in the population of high risk for the development of GC.
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Maiga M, Cohen K, Baya B, Srikrishna G, Siddiqui S, Sanogo M, Somboro AM, Diarra B, Diallo MH, Mazumdar V, Yoder C, Orsega S, Belson M, Kassambara H, Goita D, Murphy RL, Dao S, Polis M, Diallo S, Timmins GS, Dodd L, Earl AM, Bishai WR. Stool microbiome reveals diverse bacterial ureases as confounders of oral urea breath testing for Helicobacter pylori and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Bamako, Mali. J Breath Res 2016; 10:036012. [PMID: 27532494 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/10/3/036012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Detection of bacterial urease activity has been utilized successfully to diagnose Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). While Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) also possesses an active urease, it is unknown whether detection of mycobacterial urease activity by oral urease breath test (UBT) can be exploited as a rapid point of care biomarker for tuberculosis (TB) in humans. We enrolled 34 individuals newly diagnosed with pulmonary TB and 46 healthy subjects in Bamako, Mali and performed oral UBT, mycobacterial sputum culture and H. pylori testing. Oral UBT had a sensitivity and specificity (95% CI) of 70% (46-88%) and 11% (3-26%), respectively, to diagnose culture-confirmed M. tuberculosis disease among patients without H. pylori, and 100% sensitivity (69-100%) and 11% specificity (3-26%) to diagnose H. pylori among patients without pulmonary TB. Stool microbiome analysis of controls without TB or H. pylori but with positive oral UBT detected high levels of non-H. pylori urease producing organisms, which likely explains the low specificity of oral UBT in this setting and in other reports of oral UBT studies in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoudou Maiga
- SEREFO HIV/TB, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali. Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Enko D, Halwachs-Baumann G, Stolba R, Rössler O, Kriegshäuser G. Performance evaluation of a rapid whole-blood immunoassay for the detection of IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori in daily clinical practice. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2016; 15:47. [PMID: 27503600 PMCID: PMC4977652 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-016-0161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A growing number of rapid Helicobacter pylori antibody tests are commercially available now, however, some of these tests are often used without sufficient evaluation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a commercially available rapid whole-blood immunoassay (gabControl®H. pylori; gabmed GmbH, Köln, Germany), for the qualitative detection of IgG antibodies against H. pylori with the 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) serving as a reference method. Methods A total of 108 consecutive outpatients, who were referred for 13C-UBT by general practitioners and specialists, were also tested for H. pylori infection by the gabControl®H. pylori immunoassay. The clinical performance of this rapid whole-blood test was evaluated by determining the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) compared to the 13C-UBT. The agreement between the two tests was calculated using Cohen’s Kappa (κ) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Results The agreement between the gabControl®H. pylori assay and the 13C-UBT was 0.62 [95 % confidence intervals (CIs) 0.47–0.76; P < 0.001]. With the 13C-UBT serving as the non-invasive gold standard method of H. pylori diagnosis, the gabControl®H. pylori assay demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 91.4 and 76.7 %, respectively, with a PPV of 65.3 % and a NPV of 94.9 %. Seventeen (15.7 %) individuals with a positive H. pylori anamnesis showed a negative 13C-UBT and were typed positive by the gabControl®H. pylori assay. Of these, 13 (76.5 %) and 3 individuals (17.6 %) had completed one and two eradication therapies, respectively. Conclusions The gabControl®H. pylori immunoassay is a rapid and easy to use first line screening tool for H. pylori IgG antibody detection in daily clinical practice. However, this assay should not be used for confirmation of the successful H. pylori eradication after antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Enko
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Steyr, Sierningerstraße 170, 4400, Steyr, Austria.
| | - Gabriele Halwachs-Baumann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Steyr, Sierningerstraße 170, 4400, Steyr, Austria
| | - Robert Stolba
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Steyr, Sierningerstraße 170, 4400, Steyr, Austria
| | - Ortrun Rössler
- Institute of Pathology, General Hospital Steyr, Sierningerstraße 170, 4400, Steyr, Austria
| | - Gernot Kriegshäuser
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Steyr, Sierningerstraße 170, 4400, Steyr, Austria
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Frugis S, Czeczko NG, Malafaia O, Parada AA, Poletti PB, Secchi TF, Degiovani M, Rampanazzo-Neto A, D Agostino MD. PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI TEN YEARS AGO COMPARED TO THE CURRENT PREVALENCE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING UPPER ENDOSCOPY. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2016; 29:151-154. [PMID: 27759776 PMCID: PMC5074664 DOI: 10.1590/0102-6720201600030006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori has been extensively studied since 1982 it is estimated that 50% of the world population is affected. The literature lacks studies that show the change of its prevalence in the same population over time. Aim To compare the prevalence of H. pylori in 10 years interval in a population that was submitted to upper endoscopy in the same endoscopy service. Method Observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study comparing the prevalence of H. pylori in two samples with 10 years apart (2004 and 2014) who underwent endoscopy with biopsy and urease. Patients were studied in three consecutive months of 2004, compared to three consecutive months of 2014. The total number of patients was 2536, and 1406 in 2004 and 1130 in 2014. Results There were positive for H. pylori in 17 % of the sample as a whole. There was a significant decrease in the prevalence from 19.3% in 2004 to 14.1% in 2014 (p<0.005). Conclusion There was a 5.2% reduction in the prevalence of H. pylori comparing two periods of three consecutive months with 10 years apart in two equivalent population samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Frugis
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service, 9 of July Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nicolau Gregori Czeczko
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Malafaia
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Artur Adolfo Parada
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service, 9 of July Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Bechara Poletti
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service, 9 of July Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Festa Secchi
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service, 9 of July Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Degiovani
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service, 9 of July Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mariza D D Agostino
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service, 9 of July Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Gomes A, Skare TL, Prestes MA, Costa MDS, Petisco RD, Ramos GP. CONVENTIONAL VIDEOENDOSCOPY CAN IDENTIFY HELICOBACTER PYLORI GASTRITIS? ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2016; 29:73-6. [PMID: 27438029 PMCID: PMC4944738 DOI: 10.1590/0102-6720201600020002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies with latest technologies such as endoscopy with magnification and chromoendoscopy showed that various endoscopic aspects are clearly related to infection by Helicobacter pylori (HP). The description of different patterns of erythema in gastric body under magnification of images revived interest in identifying these patterns by standard endoscopy. AIM To validate the morphologic features of gastric mucosa related to H. pylori infection gastritis allowing predictability of their diagnosis as well as proper targeting biopsies. METHODS Prospective study of 339 consecutive patients with the standard videoendoscope image analysis were obtained, recorded and stored in a program database. These images were studied with respect to the presence or absence of H. pylori, diagnosed by rapid urease test and/or by histological analysis. Were studied: a) normal mucosa appearance; b) mucosal nodularity; c) diffuse nonspecific erythema or redness (with or without edema of folds and exudate) of antrum and body; d) mosaic pattern with focal area of hyperemia; e) erythema in streaks or bands (red streak); f) elevated (raised) erosion; g) flat erosions; h) fundic gland polyps. The main exclusion criteria were the use of drugs, HP pre-treatment and other entities that could affect results. RESULTS Applying the exclusion criteria, were included 170 of the 339 patients, of which 52 (30.58%) were positive for HP and 118 negative. On the positive findings, the most associated with infection were: nodularity in the antrum (26.92%); presence of raised erosion (15.38%) and mosaic mucosa in the body (21.15%). On the negative group the normal appearance of the mucosa was 66.94%; erythema in streaks or bands in 9.32%; flat erosions 11.86%; and fundic gland polyps 11.86%. CONCLUSION Endoscopic findings are useful in the predictability of the result and in directing biopsies. The most representative form of HP related gastritis was the nodularity of the antral mucosa. The raised erosion and mucosa in mosaic in the body are suggestive but not specific to the infection. The other forms were not conclusive of the presence of HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service of the 9 of July Hospital), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thelma Larocca Skare
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR
| | - Manoel Alberto Prestes
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR
| | - Maiza da Silva Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Service of the 9 of July Hospital), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Dombroski Petisco
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR
| | - Gabriela Piovezani Ramos
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Evangelic Faculty of Paraná/University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR
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Fontenete S, Leite M, Cappoen D, Santos R, Ginneken CV, Figueiredo C, Wengel J, Cos P, Azevedo NF. Fluorescence In Vivo Hybridization (FIVH) for Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a C57BL/6 Mouse Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148353. [PMID: 26848853 PMCID: PMC4743915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we applied fluorescence in vivo hybridization (FIVH) using locked nucleic acid (LNA) probes targeting the bacterial rRNA gene for in vivo detection of H. pylori infecting the C57BL/6 mouse model. A previously designed Cy3_HP_LNA/2OMe_PS probe, complementary to a sequence of the H. pylori 16S rRNA gene, was used. First, the potential cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the probe was assessed by commercial assays. Further, the performance of the probe for detecting H. pylori at different pH conditions was tested in vitro, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Finally, the efficiency of FIVH to detect H. pylori SS1 strain in C57BL/6 infected mice was evaluated ex vivo in mucus samples, in cryosections and paraffin-embedded sections by epifluorescence and confocal microscopy. RESULTS H. pylori SS1 strain infecting C57BL/6 mice was successfully detected by the Cy3_HP_LNA/2OMe_PS probe in the mucus, attached to gastric epithelial cells and colonizing the gastric pits. The specificity of the probe for H. pylori was confirmed by microscopy. CONCLUSIONS In the future this methodology can be used in combination with a confocal laser endomicroscope for in vivo diagnosis of H. pylori infection using fluorescent LNA probes, which would be helpful to obtain an immediate diagnosis. Our results proved for the first time that FIVH method is applicable inside the body of a higher-order animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Fontenete
- LEPABE, Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Nucleic Acid Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- ICBAS, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marina Leite
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Davie Cappoen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rita Santos
- LEPABE, Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Chris Van Ginneken
- Laboratory of Applied Veterinary Morphology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Céu Figueiredo
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMUP, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jesper Wengel
- Nucleic Acid Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nuno Filipe Azevedo
- LEPABE, Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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45
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Thung I, Aramin H, Vavinskaya V, Gupta S, Park JY, Crowe SE, Valasek MA. Review article: the global emergence of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 43:514-33. [PMID: 26694080 PMCID: PMC5064663 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is one of the most prevalent global pathogens and can lead to gastrointestinal disease including peptic ulcers, gastric marginal zone lymphoma and gastric carcinoma. AIM To review recent trends in H. pylori antibiotic resistance rates, and to discuss diagnostics and treatment paradigms. METHODS A PubMed literature search using the following keywords: Helicobacter pylori, antibiotic resistance, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, prevalence, susceptibility testing. RESULTS The prevalence of bacterial antibiotic resistance is regionally variable and appears to be markedly increasing with time in many countries. Concordantly, the antimicrobial eradication rate of H. pylori has been declining globally. In particular, clarithromycin resistance has been rapidly increasing in many countries over the past decade, with rates as high as approximately 30% in Japan and Italy, 50% in China and 40% in Turkey; whereas resistance rates are much lower in Sweden and Taiwan, at approximately 15%; there are limited data in the USA. Other antibiotics show similar trends, although less pronounced. CONCLUSIONS Since the choice of empiric therapies should be predicated on accurate information regarding antibiotic resistance rates, there is a critical need for determination of current rates at a local scale, and perhaps in individual patients. Such information would not only guide selection of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy but also inform the development of better methods to identify H. pylori antibiotic resistance at diagnosis. Patient-specific tailoring of effective antibiotic treatment strategies may lead to reduced treatment failures and less antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Thung
- Division of Anatomic PathologyDepartment of PathologyUniversity of California San Diego Medical CenterSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - H. Aramin
- Division of Anatomic PathologyDepartment of PathologyUniversity of California San Diego Medical CenterSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - V. Vavinskaya
- Division of Anatomic PathologyDepartment of PathologyUniversity of California San Diego Medical CenterSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - S. Gupta
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San Diego Medical CenterLa JollaCAUSA
| | - J. Y. Park
- Department of Pathology and the Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and DevelopmentUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
| | - S. E. Crowe
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San Diego Medical CenterLa JollaCAUSA
| | - M. A. Valasek
- Division of Anatomic PathologyDepartment of PathologyUniversity of California San Diego Medical CenterSan DiegoCAUSA
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46
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Calik Z, Karamese M, Acar O, Aksak Karamese S, Dicle Y, Albayrak F, Can S, Guvendi B, Turgut A, Cicek M, Yazgi H. Investigation of Helicobacter pylori antigen in stool samples of patients with upper gastrointestinal complaints. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:167-71. [PMID: 26887240 PMCID: PMC4822757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is usually acquired in early childhood and it can persist throughout life without antibiotic treatment. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of the noninvasive H. pylori Stool Antigen Test-applied on the stool samples with the invasive gold standart Rapid Urease Test-applied on the gastric biopy samples of patients with upper gastrointestinal complaints. After endoscopy, biopsy and stool specimens were taken in 122 patients. The infection was detected with rapid urease test which is accepted as gold standart test. Rapid, one-step H. pylori card test was applied to all patients stool specimens. In this study 106 of the 122 patients (86.8%) were positive for H. pylori infection, while 16 of the 122 patients (13.2%) were negative. H. pylori card test was negative in 13 of the 16 patients and was positive in 98 of the 106. The sensitivity, specifity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.45%, 81.25%, 97.02%, and 61.90%, respectively. H. pylori card test is rapid, easy, noninvasive and inexpensive methods for detection H. pylori infection. This test showed high sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, it may be a good alternative to invasive tests for the detection of H. pylori infections especially in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeki Calik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Murat Karamese
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Osman Acar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Selina Aksak Karamese
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Yalcin Dicle
- Department of Nursing, School of Health, Mus Alparslan University, Mus, Turkey
| | - Fatih Albayrak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serpil Can
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Bulent Guvendi
- Department of Genereal Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Alpgiray Turgut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cicek
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi Osman Pasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Halil Yazgi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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47
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Shirin D, Matalon S, Avidan B, Broide E, Shirin H. Real-world Helicobacter pylori diagnosis in patients referred for esophagoduodenoscopy: The gap between guidelines and clinical practice. United European Gastroenterol J 2016; 4:762-769. [PMID: 28408993 DOI: 10.1177/2050640615626052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Histopathology is the most accurate test to detect H. pylori when performed correctly with unknown validity in daily practice clinic settings. We aimed to determine the rate of potentially false-negative H. pylori results that might be due to continued use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in routine endoscopy practice. We also aimed to establish whether gastroenterologists recommend routine cessation of PPIs before esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and whether they regularly document that biopsies for H. pylori testing have been taken while the patients are on PPI treatment. METHODS Detailed information about three known factors (PPIs, antibiotics and prior H. pylori eradication treatment), which may cause histology or rapid urease test (RUT) to be unreliable, had been prospectively collected through interviews using a questionnaire before each test. Gastric biopsies were stained with H&E for histological analysis. RESULTS A total of 409 individuals at three academic gastroenterology institutions were tested 200 times with histology. Fifty-six per cent (68 of 122) of all negative tests fell in the category of continuing PPI use, which had the potential to make the histology and RUT results unreliable. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate a clear and important gap between current guidelines and real-world practice with regards to the diagnosis of H. pylori during EGD. A negative histology or RUT should be considered false negative until potential protocol violations are excluded. Documentation of PPI use during the EGD should be an integral part of the EGD report. The current practice of taking biopsies for H. pylori testing in patients under PPIs should be reevaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dor Shirin
- The Kamila Gonczarowski Institute of Gastroenterology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Shay Matalon
- The Kamila Gonczarowski Institute of Gastroenterology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Benjamin Avidan
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Efrat Broide
- The Kamila Gonczarowski Institute of Gastroenterology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Haim Shirin
- The Kamila Gonczarowski Institute of Gastroenterology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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48
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Santos RS, Dakwar GR, Xiong R, Forier K, Remaut K, Stremersch S, Guimarães N, Fontenete S, Wengel J, Leite M, Figueiredo C, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K, Azevedo NF. Effect of Native Gastric Mucus on in vivo Hybridization Therapies Directed at Helicobacter pylori. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2015; 4:e269. [PMID: 26645765 PMCID: PMC5014538 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2015.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infects more than 50% of the worldwide population. It is mostly found deep in the gastric mucus lining of the stomach, being a major cause of peptic ulcers and gastric adenocarcinoma. To face the increasing resistance of H. pylori to antibiotics, antimicrobial nucleic acid mimics are a promising alternative. In particular, locked nucleic acids (LNA)/2'-OMethyl RNA (2'OMe) have shown to specifically target H. pylori, as evidenced by in situ hybridization. The success of in vivo hybridization depends on the ability of these nucleic acids to penetrate the major physical barriers-the highly viscoelastic gastric mucus and the bacterial cell envelope. We found that LNA/2'OMe is capable of diffusing rapidly through native, undiluted, gastric mucus isolated from porcine stomachs, without degradation. Moreover, although LNA/2'OMe hybridization was still successful without permeabilization and fixation of the bacteria, which is normally part of in vitro studies, the ability of LNA/2'OMe to efficiently hybridize with H. pylori was hampered by the presence of mucus. Future research should focus on developing nanocarriers that shield LNA/2'OMe from components in the gastric mucus, while remaining capable of diffusing through the mucus and delivering these nucleic acid mimics directly into the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita S Santos
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - George R Dakwar
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Forier
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephan Stremersch
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nuno Guimarães
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Nucleic Acid Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sílvia Fontenete
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Nucleic Acid Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jesper Wengel
- Nucleic Acid Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Marina Leite
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Céu Figueiredo
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nuno F Azevedo
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Asano N, Iijima K, Koike T, Imatani A, Shimosegawa T. Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas: A review. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:8014-8020. [PMID: 26185372 PMCID: PMC4499343 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i26.8014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Isaacson and Wright first reported on the extra-nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the stomach in 1983, following studies have clarified many aspects of this disease. We now know that the stomach is the most affected organ by this disease, and approximately 90% of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are related to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. This implies that approximately 10% of gastric MALT lymphomas occur independent of H. pylori infection. The pathogenesis of these H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphomas remains unclear. To date, there have been several speculations. One possibility is that genetic alterations result in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Among these alterations, t(11;18)(q21;q21) is more frequently observed in H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphomas, and such translocation results in the synthesis of fusion protein API2-MALT1, which causes canonical and noncanonical NF-κB activation. Another possibility is infection with bacteria other than H. pylori. This could explain why H. pylori eradication therapy can cure some proportions of H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphoma patients, although the bacteria responsible for MALT lymphomagenesis are yet to be defined. Recent advances in endoscopy suggest magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging as a useful tool for both detecting gastric MALT lymphoma lesions and judging the response to treatment. A certain proportion of H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphoma patients respond to eradication therapy; hence, H. pylori eradication therapy could be considered as a first-line treatment for gastric MALT lymphomas regardless of their H. pylori infection status.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Gastroscopy
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Helicobacter Infections/complications
- Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis
- Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy
- Helicobacter Infections/microbiology
- Helicobacter pylori/drug effects
- Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/etiology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/metabolism
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/microbiology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/therapy
- Phenotype
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Risk Factors
- Signal Transduction
- Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Stomach Neoplasms/etiology
- Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/microbiology
- Stomach Neoplasms/therapy
- Treatment Outcome
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50
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Shady MMA, Fathy HA, Ali A, Galal EM, Fathy GA, Sibaii H. Comparison of Serum IgG Antibody Test with Gastric Biopsy for the Detection of Helicobacter Pylori Infection among Egyptian Children. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2015; 3:303-6. [PMID: 27275240 PMCID: PMC4877872 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In developing countries, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is mainly acquired during childhood and may be a predisposing factor for peptic ulcer or gastric cancer later in life. Noninvasive diagnostic tools are particularly useful in children for screening tests and epidemiological studies. Data on serologic testing of children are lacking. Accurate noninvasive tests for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in children are strongly required. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a serological test (serum IgG antibody for H. pylori) in Egyptian children with recurrent abdominal pain necessitating endoscopy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred children, referred to the endoscopy unit at Mansoura University. Upper endoscopy was done for each with rapid urease test (RUT) and histological examination as the gold standard test for detection of H. pylori infection. Serum samples were collected for detecting IgG for H. pylori infection. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects included in the study was 7.23 ± 1.94 year. Serological test (IgG to H. pylori) was positive in 60% of all cases. A highly significant association between the standard test and the serological test at a cutoff > 10 U/ml at p = 0.001 were detected for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio for the IgG antibody a cutoff > 10 U/ml, were 96.5%, 93%, 13.83, 0.038 respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum IgG antibody to H. pylori infection has a high diagnostic value and can be considered as a suitable and reliable noninvasive test for detection of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mones M Abu Shady
- Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Fathy
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Ali
- Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Essam M Galal
- Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gihan A Fathy
- Department of Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hiba Sibaii
- Department of Medical Physiology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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