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Li Y, Liao H, Zeng M, Gao D, Kong C, Liu W, Zheng Y, Zheng Q, Wang J. Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics causes immune damage, oxidative stress and intestinal flora disruption in salamander (Andrias davidianus) larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175169. [PMID: 39094663 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The toxic effects of nanoparticles have been increasingly investigated, but there has been limited research on amphibians, especially those of conservation value. This study examined the effects of different concentrations (0, 0.04, 0.2, 1, 5 mg/L) of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs, 80 nm) on the short-term exposure (7 d) of Andrias davidianus. Results demonstrated the concentration-dependent enrichment of PS-NPs in the intestine. Histological lesions displayed increased hepatic macrophages with cellular rupture, broken intestinal villi, decreased cuprocytes and crypt depression. Antioxidant- and inflammation-related enzyme activities were analysed, and it was found that hepatic and intestinal MDA content and CAT activity were highest in the N-1 group and SOD activity was highest in the N-0.2 group (p < 0.05). AKP activity continued to decline, and iNOS activity was highest in the N-0.2 group (p < 0.05). il-10, tgf-β, bcl-w and txnl1 were significantly downregulated in the N-0.2 group, while il-6 and il-8 were markedly upregulated in the N-0.2 group (p < 0.05). Exposing to PS-NPs decreased probiotic bacteria (Cetobacterium, Akkermansia) and increased pathogenic bacteria (Lachnoclostridium). Our results suggest that NPs exposure can have deleterious effects on salamanders, which predicts that NPs contamination may lead to continued amphibian declines. Therefore, we strongly recommend that attention be paid to amphibians, especially endangered species, in the field of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongping Liao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Min Zeng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dandan Gao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunmiao Kong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wanjing Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qingzhi Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Institute of Eco-Environmental Research, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Ibrahim F, Stribling P. Reply to "Stribling & Ibrahim 2023: Commentary to the Editor". Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:186-188. [PMID: 38959106 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In response to "Stribling & Ibrahim 2023: Commentary to the Editor", we wish to thank all authors for their interest in our work. The sole motive behind our narrative review, after learning the lesson from the trans-fat history and its impact on the science and food industry, is to prevent harm before it is too late. We agree with the authors regarding the importance of a worldwide unified definition of dietary fibre, but this should not have potential to worsen symptoms of those with functional bowel disorders nor cause more confusion among the public regarding the health benefits of dietary fibre. Thus, we aim to address the authors' views and concerns, and to provide future recommendations, which will be summarised below. The following abbreviations will be used: FBDs, functional bowel disorders; DF, dietary fibre; LMW DF, low molecular weight dietary fibre; HMW DF, high molecular weight dietary fibre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fandi Ibrahim
- Life Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, IP4 1QJ, UK.
| | - Philippa Stribling
- Life Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, IP4 1QJ, UK
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Dallavilla T, Galiè S, Sambruni G, Borin S, Fazio N, Fumagalli-Romario U, Manzo T, Nezi L, Schaefer MH. Differences in the molecular organisation of tumours along the colon are linked to interactions within the tumour ecosystem. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167311. [PMID: 38909851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Tumours exhibit significant heterogeneity in their molecular profiles across patients, largely influenced by the tissue of origin, where certain driver gene mutations are predominantly associated with specific cancer types. Here, we unveil an additional layer of complexity: some cancer types display anatomic location-specific mutation profiles akin to tissue-specificity. To better understand this phenomenon, we concentrate on colon cancer. While prior studies have noted changes of the frequency of molecular alterations along the colon, the underlying reasons and whether those changes occur rather gradual or are distinct between the left and right colon, remain unclear. Developing and leveraging stringent statistical models on molecular data from 522 colorectal tumours from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we reveal disparities in molecular properties between the left and right colon affecting many genes. Interestingly, alterations in genes responsive to environmental cues and properties of the tumour ecosystem, including metabolites which we quantify in a cohort of 27 colorectal cancer patients, exhibit continuous trends along the colon. Employing network methodologies, we uncover close interactions between metabolites and genes, including drivers of colon cancer, showing continuous abundance or alteration profiles. This underscores how anatomic biases in the composition and interactions within the tumour ecosystem help explaining gradients of carcinogenesis along the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Dallavilla
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Galiè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Gaia Sambruni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Borin
- Digestive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Fazio
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Manzo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Nezi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Martin H Schaefer
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
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He X, Ren E, Dong L, Yuan P, Zhu J, Liu D, Wang J. Contribution of PKS+ Escherichia coli to colon carcinogenesis through the inhibition of exosomal miR-885-5p. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37346. [PMID: 39315148 PMCID: PMC11417213 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives About 90 % of all colorectal cancer (CRC) fatalities are caused by the metastatic spread of primary tumors, which is closely correlated with patient survival and spreads by circulating tumor cells (CTCs). The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that characterizes CTCs is associated with a poor prognosis. Organotropic metastasis is dictated by the transmission of miRNAs by cancer-derived exosomes. The purpose of this research is to examine PKS + E's function. Coli in CRC metastases and exosomal miR-885-5p suppression. Methods A cohort of 100 patients (50 CRC, 50 healthy) underwent colonoscopy screenings from February 2018 to August 2021. Exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation, and exosomal miRNA was analyzed using sequencing and qPCR. Results Among the patients, 40 tested positive for E. coli (12 CRC, 23 healthy). Serotyping revealed that 68.57 % harbored the PKS gene. Exosomal miR-885-5p levels were significantly altered in CRC patients with PKS + E. coli. Intriguingly, our findings indicate that exosomes derived from EMT-CRC cells did not affect miR-885-5p synthesis in HUVECs. Moreover, we observed that the levels of miR-885-5p in both exosomes and the total CRC-conditioned medium were comparable upon isolation of exosomes from CRC cells. What's more, an increased expression of miR-558-5p within the tumors, and the group that received exosome treatment, as well as the EMT-HCT116 group, exhibited a higher occurrence of distant metastasis. Conclusion PKS + E. By inhibiting exosomal miR-885-5p, coli is linked to CRC metastases, offering a possible target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Enbo Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Lujia Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Pengfei Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Dechun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Jianguang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Li Q, Luo Y, Tao L, Lai D, Zhang Y, Chu L, Shen Q, Liu D, Wu Y. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba: Process optimization, composition and anti-inflammatory activity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37811. [PMID: 39315214 PMCID: PMC11417318 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant derived polysaccharides can enhance immune function in the human body, effectively prevent diseases, and reduce the probability of bacterial infections. Ginkgo crude polysaccharide (GCP) was obtained from Ginkgo biloba by ultrasonic-assisted hot water extraction. Our data showed that the best extraction conditions of GCP were as follows: extraction temperature 80 °C, ultrasonic time 35 min, extraction time 3 h, and solid‒liquid ratio 1:30. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) data showed that this polysaccharide might be an acidic polysaccharide with a carboxylic acid ring structure. Further studies implied that GCP was mainly composed of glucose, galacturonic acid, rhamnose, galactose and arabinose, accounting for 39.45 %, 25.01 %, 15.40 %, 11.94 % and 4.25 %, respectively. 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/mL GCP reduced the release of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells via inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. GCP was separated into five components with different molecular weights by an ultrafiltration membrane. Our data showed that GPa with a molecular weight ≥100 kDa was the main component of GCP. 1 mg/mL GPa, GPb, GPc and GPd had anti-inflammatory activities, and 1 mg/mL GPa had the best anti-inflammatory activities. Our results preliminarily reveal the elements and biological activity of GCP, which will provide a reference for the development of Ginkgo biloba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Orient Science and Technology College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qiuyi Li
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yunfang Luo
- Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Li Tao
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Dengli Lai
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Ling Chu
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qingwu Shen
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Dongbo Liu
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yanyang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, 410128, China
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Haque H, Zehra SW, Shahzaib M, Abbas S, Jaffar N. Beyond bacteria: Role of non-bacterial gut microbiota species in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer progression. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:4078-4082. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This letter emphasizes the need to expand discussions on gut microbiome’s role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) by including the often-overlooked non-bacterial components of the human gut flora. It highlights how viral, fungal and archaeal inhabitants of the gut respond towards gut dys-biosis and contribute to disease progression. Viruses such as bacteriophages target certain bacterial species and modulate the immune system. Other viruses found associated include Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, John Cunningham virus, cytomegalovirus, and human herpes simplex virus type 6. Fungi such as Candida albicans and Malassezia contribute by forming tissue-invasive filaments and producing inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Archaea, mainly metha-nogens are also found altering the microbial fermentation pathways. This corres-pondence, thus underscores the significance of considering the pathological and physiological mechanisms of the entire spectrum of the gut microbiota to develop effective therapeutic interventions for both IBD and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hania Haque
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Warisha Zehra
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Shahzaib
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Saif Abbas
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Jaffar
- Department of Pathology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Sindh, Pakistan
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Fu J, Li G, Li X, Song S, Cheng L, Rui B, Jiang L. Gut commensal Alistipes as a potential pathogenic factor in colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:473. [PMID: 39331213 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although previous research has shown that inflammation is associated with development of colorectal cancer (CRC), questions remain about whether inflammatory factor-secreting bacteria play a crucial role in CRC development. The potential role of gut microbiota in secreting inflammatory factors involved in the carcinogenesis of CRC among Chinese patients was explored in this study. 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to evaluate the distinct microbial characteristics between patients with CRC and colorectal adenoma. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the expression of LRG1 and TGF-β1 in tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between gut microbiota and inflammatory factor signaling was analyzed. Compared with the adenoma group, CRC patients exhibit distinct pathologies. Moreover, elevated levels of CEA, erythrocytes and haemoglobin in the blood of CRC patients were found. In addition, CRC patients have significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, LRG1 and TGF-β1. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that LRG1 was positively related to IL-6 and TNF-α, respectively. The correlation analysis results of TGF-β1 were consistent with the above. The abundance of Blautia and Streptococcus was lower in CRC patients, while the relative abundance of Alistipes, Peptostreptococcus and Porphyromonas was significantly elevated. Moreover, positive correlations between Alistipes and inflammatory factor signaling were also found. Our results suggest that gut commensal Alistipes is a key bacterium with pro-inflammatory properties in the CRC carcinogenesis. TNF-α and IL-6 associated with Alistipes might activate LRG1/TGF-β1 signaling which contributed to the carcinogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology Department 1, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Shasha Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Lijuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Beibei Rui
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China.
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China.
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Xia F, Cui P, Liu L, Chen J, Zhou Q, Wang Q, Zhou H. Quantification of gut microbiome metabolites using chemical isotope derivatization strategy combined with LC-MS/MS: Application in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116312. [PMID: 38908236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays pivotal roles in various physiological and pathological processes, with key metabolites including short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), and tryptophan (TRP) derivatives gaining significant attention for their diverse physiological roles. However, quantifying these metabolites presents challenges due to structural similarity, low abundance, and inherent technical limitations in traditional detection methods. In this study, we developed a precise and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method utilizing a chemical isotope derivatization technique employing 4-(aminomethyl)-N,N-dimethylaniline-d0/d6 (4-AND-d0/d6) reagents to quantify 37 typical gut microbiome-derived metabolites. This method achieved an impressive 1500-fold enhancement in sensitivity for detecting metabolites, compared to methods using non-derivatized, intact molecules. Moreover, the quantitative accuracy of our chemical isotope derivatization strategy proved comparable to the stable isotope labeled internal standards (SIL-IS) method. Subsequently, we successfully applied this newly developed method to quantify target metabolites in plasma, brain, and fecal samples obtained from a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) rat model. The aim was to identify crucial metabolites associated with the progression of HIE. Overall, our sensitive and reliable quantification method holds promise in elucidating the role of gut microbiome metabolites in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbo Xia
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
| | - Peng Cui
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Junhe Chen
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Qiqi Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Centre, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
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Lu S, Zhao Q, Guan Y, Sun Z, Li W, Guo S, Zhang A. The communication mechanism of the gut-brain axis and its effect on central nervous system diseases: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117207. [PMID: 39067168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is involved in intricate and active metabolic processes the host's brain function, especially its role in immune responses, secondary metabolism, and symbiotic connections with the host. Gut microbiota can promote the production of essential metabolites, neurotransmitters, and other neuroactive chemicals that affect the development and treatment of central nervous system diseases. This article introduces the relevant pathways and manners of the communication between the brain and gut, summarizes a comprehensive overview of the current research status of key gut microbiota metabolites that affect the functions of the nervous system, revealing those adverse factors that affect typical communication between the brain-gut axis, and outlining the efforts made by researchers to alleviate these neurological diseases through targeted microbial interventions. The relevant pathways and manners of communication between the brain and gut contribute to the experimental design of new treatment plans and drug development. The factors that may cause changes in gut microbiota and affect metabolites, as well as current intervention methods are summarized, which helps improve gut microbiota brain dialogue, prevent adverse triggering factors from interfering with the gut microbiota system, and minimize neuropathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qiqi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu Guan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhiwen Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- School of Basic Medical Science of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sifan Guo
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia.
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10
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Wang F, Chen L, Nie M, Li Z. Integrative analysis of causal associations between neurodegenerative diseases and colorectal cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35432. [PMID: 39170445 PMCID: PMC11336615 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have shown that the correlation between neurodegenerative diseases and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the causal association between these two diseases. Methods Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to assess the causal relationships between five major neurodegenerative diseases and CRC. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was conducted to assess the direct causal effect of neurodegenerative diseases on CRC. Colocalization and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to further elucidate our results. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the results. Results Genetically predicted Alzheimer's disease (AD) nominally increased CRC risk (OR = 1.0620, 95%CI = 1.0127-1.1136, P = 0.013). There was no causal effect of genetically predicted CRC on neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, we demonstrated that genetically predicted AD marginally increased colon cancer risk (OR = 1.1621, 95%CI = 1.0267-1.3153, P = 0.017). Genetically predicted Lewy body dementia (LBD) had a significant causal effect on the increasing risk of colon cancer (IVW OR = 1.1779, 95%CI = 1.0694-1.2975, P = 0.001). MVMR indicated that effect of AD on colon cancer was driven by LBD, type 2 diabetes, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), processed meat consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, and educational attainment, whereas the effect of LBD on colon cancer was only influenced by TC. Colocalization and pathway enrichment analysis suggested that LBD and colon cancer possibly shared causal variants (nearby gene APOE), and ERBB4 signaling and lipid metabolism may mediate the causal association between LBD and colon cancer. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of our findings. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that genetic vulnerabilities to AD nominally increased the overall risk of CRC and colon cancer. Genetically predicted LBD indicated an elevated risk of colon cancer, potentially linked to ERBB4 signaling and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Wang
- Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation Sickness, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mengke Nie
- Department of General Practice, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Zhongxin Li
- Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
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Xie W, Sharma A, Kaushik H, Sharma L, Nistha, Anwer MK, Sachdeva M, Elossaily GM, Zhang Y, Pillappan R, Kaur M, Behl T, Shen B, Singla RK. Shaping the future of gastrointestinal cancers through metabolic interactions with host gut microbiota. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35336. [PMID: 39170494 PMCID: PMC11336605 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent a significant global health challenge, driving relentless efforts to identify innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Recent strides in microbiome research have unveiled a previously underestimated dimension of cancer progression that revolves around the intricate metabolic interplay between GI cancers and the host's gut microbiota. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these emerging metabolic interactions and their potential to catalyze a paradigm shift in precision diagnosis and therapeutic breakthroughs in GI cancers. The article underscores the groundbreaking impact of microbiome research on oncology by delving into the symbiotic connection between host metabolism and the gut microbiota. It offers valuable insights into tailoring treatment strategies to individual patients, thus moving beyond the traditional one-size-fits-all approach. This review also sheds light on novel diagnostic methodologies that could transform the early detection of GI cancers, potentially leading to more favorable patient outcomes. In conclusion, exploring the metabolic interactions between host gut microbiota and GI cancers showcases a promising frontier in the ongoing battle against these formidable diseases. By comprehending and harnessing the microbiome's influence, the future of precision diagnosis and therapeutic innovation for GI cancers appears more optimistic, opening doors to tailored treatments and enhanced diagnostic precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Center for High Altitude Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P, 173229, India
| | - Hitesh Kaushik
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P, 173229, India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P, 173229, India
| | - Nistha
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P, 173229, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monika Sachdeva
- Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gehan M. Elossaily
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yingbo Zhang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Tianfu Hospital, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610218, China
| | - Ramkumar Pillappan
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Maninderjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Bairong Shen
- Department of Pharmacy and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Center for High Altitude Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rajeev K. Singla
- Department of Pharmacy and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Center for High Altitude Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 1444411, India
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12
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Jovandaric MZ. Importance of diet and intestinal microbiota in the prevention of colorectal cancer - colonoscopy early screening diagnosis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3428-3435. [PMID: 39171174 PMCID: PMC11334020 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a term used to describe colon and rectal cancer, which is the third most common type of cancer. A MEDLINE and PubMed search resulted in the inclusion of manuscripts written in the last 10 years, using keywords relevant to the topic of the manuscript. By analyzing the aim of the searched studies and manuscripts, adequate articles were included that described the stated problem. The frequency of colorectal cancer varies with climate, nutrition, and many other factors, primarily endogenous, hereditary, intestinal microbiome, as well as external factors, such as exposure of the individual to stress, and bad eating habits. Colon cancer and rectal cancer or colorectal cancer in general in the early stages of the disease, may not show symptoms or are barely noticeable. Colorectal cancer symptoms will most often not develop until the disease has progressed to stage 2 or beyond. Regular screening tests for colon or rectal cancer, especially colonoscopy, are recommended as part of a regular checkup for people aged 50 years or younger who are at high risk due to a family history of the disease or other cancers. Diet and colonoscopy as an early screening method play an important role in the prevention of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljana Z Jovandaric
- Department of Neonatology, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade 11070, Serbia
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13
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Baas FS, Brusselaers N, Nagtegaal ID, Engstrand L, Boleij A. Navigating beyond associations: Opportunities to establish causal relationships between the gut microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:1235-1247. [PMID: 39146796 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been recognized as an important determinant in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), with recent studies shining light on the molecular mechanisms that may contribute to the interactions between microbes and the CRC microenvironment. Despite the increasing wealth of associations being established in the field, proving causality remains challenging. Obstacles include the high variability of the microbiome and its context, both across individuals and across time. Additionally, there is a lack of large and representative cohort studies with long-term follow-up and/or appropriate sampling methods for studying the mucosal microbiome. Finally, most studies focus on CRC, whereas interactions between host and bacteria in early events in carcinogenesis remain elusive, reinforced by the heterogeneity of CRC development. Here, we discuss these current most prominent obstacles, the recent developments, and research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floor S Baas
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nele Brusselaers
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Iris D Nagtegaal
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annemarie Boleij
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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14
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Bozzuto G, Calcabrini A, Colone M, Condello M, Dupuis ML, Pellegrini E, Stringaro A. Phytocompounds and Nanoformulations for Anticancer Therapy: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:3784. [PMID: 39202863 PMCID: PMC11357218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease that affects millions of people and remains a major public health problem worldwide. Conventional cancer treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, have limited achievements and multiple drawbacks, among which are healthy tissue damage and multidrug-resistant phenotype onset. Increasing evidence shows that many plants' natural products, as well as their bioactive compounds, have promising anticancer activity and exhibit minimal toxicity compared to conventional anticancer drugs. However, their widespread use in cancer therapy is severely restricted by limitations in terms of their water solubility, absorption, lack of stability, bioavailability, and selective targeting. The use of nanoformulations for plants' natural product transportation and delivery could be helpful in overcoming these limitations, thus enhancing their therapeutic efficacy and providing the basis for improved anticancer treatment strategies. The present review is aimed at providing an update on some phytocompounds (curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and cannabinoids, among others) and their main nanoformulations showing antitumor activities, both in vitro and in vivo, against such different human cancer types as breast and colorectal cancer, lymphomas, malignant melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and osteosarcoma. The intracellular pathways underlying phytocompound anticancer activity and the main advantages of nanoformulation employment are also examined. Finally, this review critically analyzes the research gaps and limitations causing the limited success of phytocompounds' and nanoformulations' clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Bozzuto
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Annarica Calcabrini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Marisa Colone
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Condello
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Dupuis
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Evelin Pellegrini
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Annarita Stringaro
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
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15
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Nie X, Zhang T, Huang X, Gu C, Zuo W, Fu LJ, Dong Y, Liu H. Novel therapeutic targets: bifidobacterium-mediated urea cycle regulation in colorectal cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:64. [PMID: 39096436 PMCID: PMC11297826 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a widespread malignancy with a complex and not entirely elucidated pathogenesis. This study aims to explore the role of Bifidobacterium in the urea cycle (UC) and its influence on the progression of CRC, a topic not extensively studied previously. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Utilizing both bioinformatics and experimental methodologies, this research involved analyzing bacterial abundance in CRC patients in comparison to healthy individuals. The study particularly focused on the abundance of BA. Additionally, transcriptomic data analysis and cellular experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of Bifidobacterium on ammonia metabolism and mitochondrial function, specifically examining its regulation of the key UC gene, ALB. KEY RESULTS The analysis revealed a significant decrease in Bifidobacterium abundance in CRC patients. Furthermore, Bifidobacterium was found to suppress ammonia metabolism and induce mitochondrial dysfunction through the regulation of the ALB gene, which is essential in the context of UC. These impacts contributed to the suppression of CRC cell proliferation, a finding corroborated by animal experimental results. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study elucidates the molecular mechanism by which Bifidobacterium impacts CRC progression, highlighting its role in regulating key metabolic pathways. These findings provide potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies in CRC treatment, emphasizing the importance of microbiota in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yunyang County People's Hospital, Chongqing, 404599, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Rongchang District People's Hospital, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Department of Digestion, Rongchang District People's Hospital of Chongqing, No.3, North Guangchang Road, Changyuan Street, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Chongqi Gu
- Department of Digestion, Rongchang District People's Hospital of Chongqing, No.3, North Guangchang Road, Changyuan Street, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Department of Herbal Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Li-Juan Fu
- Department of Herbal Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Yiping Dong
- Department of Digital Medicine, Department of Bioengineering and Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Digestion, Rongchang District People's Hospital of Chongqing, No.3, North Guangchang Road, Changyuan Street, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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16
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Alexandrescu L, Nicoara AD, Tofolean DE, Herlo A, Nelson Twakor A, Tocia C, Trandafir A, Dumitru A, Dumitru E, Aftenie CF, Preotesoiu I, Dina E, Tofolean IT. Healing from Within: How Gut Microbiota Predicts IBD Treatment Success-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8451. [PMID: 39126020 PMCID: PMC11313389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research indicates that the microbiome has a significant impact on the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and that creating therapies that change its composition could positively impact the outcomes of IBD treatment. This review summarizes the results of extensive studies that examined IBD patients undergoing several therapies, including anti-TNF medication, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and the alterations in their gut microbiota's composition and function. The objective was to investigate the variety and effectiveness of microbial species in order to discover new biomarkers or therapeutic targets that could improve the outcome of treatment for these patients. This research aimed to offer useful insights into personalized medicine techniques for managing IBD. Beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia have been consistently linked to favorable clinical outcomes, whereas pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Clostridioides difficile are associated with worsening disease conditions. Although many studies have examined the role of gut microbiota in IBD, there is still a need for more targeted research on the connection between specific microbial communities and treatment outcomes. This study sought to address this gap by exploring the intricate relationship between the gut microbiota composition and the effectiveness of IBD medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Alexandrescu
- Gastroenterology Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania; (L.A.); (C.T.); (A.D.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (I.T.T.)
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
| | - Alina Doina Nicoara
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
- Internal Medicine Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Doina Ecaterina Tofolean
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
- Pneumology Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Alexandra Herlo
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Andreea Nelson Twakor
- Internal Medicine Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Cristina Tocia
- Gastroenterology Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania; (L.A.); (C.T.); (A.D.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (I.T.T.)
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
| | - Anamaria Trandafir
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
| | - Andrei Dumitru
- Gastroenterology Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania; (L.A.); (C.T.); (A.D.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (I.T.T.)
| | - Eugen Dumitru
- Gastroenterology Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania; (L.A.); (C.T.); (A.D.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (I.T.T.)
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientist, 3 Ilfov Street, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Florentin Aftenie
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
| | - Ionela Preotesoiu
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
| | - Elena Dina
- Gastroenterology Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania; (L.A.); (C.T.); (A.D.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (I.T.T.)
| | - Ioan Tiberiu Tofolean
- Gastroenterology Department, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania; (L.A.); (C.T.); (A.D.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (I.T.T.)
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (D.E.T.); (A.T.); (C.F.A.); (I.P.)
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17
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Pang X, Wei X, Wu Y, Nan S, Feng J, Wang F, Yao M, Nie C. Capsaicin Modulates Hepatic and Intestinal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Regulating the Colon Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:942. [PMID: 39199187 PMCID: PMC11352159 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the role of capsaicin (CAP) in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic and intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and its colonic microflora in mice. Thirty healthy male Kunming mice with similar body weights were randomly assigned to three groups: the control group (CON), the LPS group, and the CAP group, with ten mice in each group. The CON and the LPS groups received a daily dose of normal saline, respectively, while the CAP group received an equivalent dose of CAP. On the 28th day of the experiment, the LPS and the CAP groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS, while the CON group was injected with an equal volume of normal saline. The results lead to the following conclusions. Compared to the LPS group, CAP improved the loss of hepatic lobular structure and significantly increased the duodenal villus length and ratio of villus length to crypt depth. CAP increased hepatic and colon interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decreased IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels. CAP also increased hepatic catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. CAP significantly increased the relative abundances of Mucispirillum, Helicobacter, Prevotellaceae-UCG-001, Colidextribacter, unclassified-f-Oscillospiraceae, and Odoribacter, some of which were closely related to hepatic and colonic immune and oxidative markers. CAP also decreased the overall content of short-chain fatty acids, except for propionic acid. Overall, CAP can regulate the colon microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Whether CAP exerts its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by modulating the colonic microflora, mainly Mucispirillum spp. and Helicobacter spp., requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Xin Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Yanyan Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Shanshan Nan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Jiaqi Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Min Yao
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Cunxi Nie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
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18
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Delgado Dolset MI, Pablo-Torres C, Contreras N, Couto-Rodríguez A, Escolar-Peña A, Graña-Castro O, Izquierdo E, López-Rodríguez JC, Macías-Camero A, Pérez-Gordo M, Villaseñor A, Zubeldia-Varela E, Barber D, Escribese MM. Severe Allergy as a Chronic Inflammatory Condition From a Systems Biology Perspective. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:550-584. [PMID: 38938054 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Persistent and unresolved inflammation is a common underlying factor observed in several and seemingly unrelated human diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly, in atopic conditions, acute inflammatory responses such as those triggered by insect venom, food or drug allergies possess also a life-threatening potential. However, respiratory allergies predominantly exhibit late immune responses associated with chronic inflammation, that can eventually progress into a severe phenotype displaying similar features as those observed in other chronic inflammatory diseases, as is the case of uncontrolled severe asthma. This review aims to explore the different facets and systems involved in chronic allergic inflammation, including processes such as tissue remodelling and immune cell dysregulation, as well as genetic, metabolic and microbiota alterations, which are common to other inflammatory conditions. Our goal here was to deepen on the understanding of an entangled disease as is chronic allergic inflammation and expose potential avenues for the development of better diagnostic and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Delgado Dolset
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - C Pablo-Torres
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - N Contreras
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - A Couto-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - A Escolar-Peña
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - O Graña-Castro
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - E Izquierdo
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - J C López-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - A Macías-Camero
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - M Pérez-Gordo
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - A Villaseñor
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - E Zubeldia-Varela
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - D Barber
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - M M Escribese
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada-Nemesio Díez (IMMA-ND), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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Fan Y, Meng Y, Hu X, Liu J, Qin X. Uncovering novel mechanisms of chitinase-3-like protein 1 in driving inflammation-associated cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:268. [PMID: 39068486 PMCID: PMC11282867 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein that is induced and regulated by multiple factors during inflammation in enteritis, pneumonia, asthma, arthritis, and other diseases. It is associated with the deterioration of the inflammatory environment in tissues with chronic inflammation caused by microbial infection or autoimmune diseases. The expression of CHI3L1 expression is upregulated in several malignant tumors, underscoring the crucial role of chronic inflammation in the initiation and progression of cancer. While the precise mechanism connecting inflammation and cancer is unclear, the involvement of CHI3L1 is involved in chronic inflammation, suggesting its role as a contributing factor to in the link between inflammation and cancer. CHI3L1 can aggravate DNA oxidative damage, induce the cancerous phenotype, promote the development of a tumor inflammatory environment and angiogenesis, inhibit immune cells, and promote cancer cell growth, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, it participates in the initiation of cancer progression and metastasis by binding with transmembrane receptors to mediate intracellular signal transduction. Based on the current research on CHI3L1, we explore introduce the receptors that interact with CHI3L1 along with the signaling pathways that may be triggered during chronic inflammation to enhance tumorigenesis and progression. In the last section of the article, we provide a brief overview of anti-inflammatory therapies that target CHI3L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xingwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China.
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Jing Z, Zheng W, Jianwen S, Hong S, Xiaojian Y, Qiang W, Yunfeng Y, Xinyue W, Shuwen H, Feimin Z. Gut microbes on the risk of advanced adenomas. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:264. [PMID: 39026166 PMCID: PMC11256391 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 90% of colorectal cancer (CRC) arises from advanced adenomas (AA) and gut microbes are closely associated with the initiation and progression of both AA and CRC. OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristic microbes in AA. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from 92 AA and 184 negative control (NC). Illumina HiSeq X sequencing platform was used for high-throughput sequencing of microbial populations. The sequencing results were annotated and compared with NCBI RefSeq database to find the microbial characteristics of AA. R-vegan package was used to analyze α diversity and β diversity. α diversity included box diagram, and β diversity included Principal Component Analysis (PCA), principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA), and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). The AA risk prediction models were constructed based on six kinds of machine learning algorithms. In addition, unsupervised clustering methods were used to classify bacteria and viruses. Finally, the characteristics of bacteria and viruses in different subtypes were analyzed. RESULTS The abundance of Prevotella sp900557255, Alistipes putredinis, and Megamonas funiformis were higher in AA, while the abundance of Lilyvirus, Felixounavirus, and Drulisvirus were also higher in AA. The Catboost based model for predicting the risk of AA has the highest accuracy (bacteria test set: 87.27%; virus test set: 83.33%). In addition, 4 subtypes (B1V1, B1V2, B2V1, and B2V2) were distinguished based on the abundance of gut bacteria and enteroviruses (EVs). Escherichia coli D, Prevotella sp900557255, CAG-180 sp000432435, Phocaeicola plebeiuA, Teseptimavirus, Svunavirus, Felixounavirus, and Jiaodavirus are the characteristic bacteria and viruses of 4 subtypes. The results of Catboost model indicated that the accuracy of prediction improved after incorporating subtypes. The accuracy of discovery sets was 100%, 96.34%, 100%, and 98.46% in 4 subtypes, respectively. CONCLUSION Prevotella sp900557255 and Felixounavirus have high value in early warning of AA. As promising non-invasive biomarkers, gut microbes can become potential diagnostic targets for AA, and the accuracy of predicting AA can be improved by typing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Jing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wu Zheng
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Song Jianwen
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shen Hong
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Xiaojian
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Qiang
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yin Yunfeng
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wu Xinyue
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Han Shuwen
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- ICL, Junia, Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Zhao Feimin
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Wang S, Wang P, Wang D, Shen S, Wang S, Li Y, Chen H. Postbiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: efficacy, mechanism, and therapeutic implications. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39007163 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most challenging diseases in the 21st century, and more than 10 million people around the world suffer from IBD. Because of the limitations and adverse effects associated with conventional IBD therapies, there has been increased scientific interest in microbial-derived biomolecules, known as postbiotics. Postbiotics are defined as the preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confer a health benefit on the host, comprising inactivated microbial cells, cell fractions, metabolites, etc. Postbiotics have shown potential in enhancing IBD treatment by reducing inflammation, modulating the immune system, stabilizing intestinal flora and maintaining the integrity of intestinal barriers. Consequently, they are considered promising adjunctive therapies for IBD. Recent studies indicate that postbiotics offer distinctive advantages, including spanning clinical (safe origin), technological (easy for storage and transportation) and economic (reduced production costs) dimensions, rendering them suitable for widespread applications in functional food/pharmaceutical. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the definition, classification and applications of postbiotics, with an emphasis on their biological activity in both the prevention and treatment of IBD. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | | | - Shiqi Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
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Jimenez N, Norton T, Diadala G, Bell E, Valenti M, Farland LV, Mahnert N, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Vaginal and rectal microbiome contribute to genital inflammation in chronic pelvic pain. BMC Med 2024; 22:283. [PMID: 38972981 PMCID: PMC11229265 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a multifactorial syndrome that can substantially affect a patient's quality of life. Endometriosis is one cause of CPP, and alterations of the immune and microbiome profiles have been observed in patients with endometriosis. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate differences in the vaginal and gastrointestinal microbiomes and cervicovaginal immune microenvironment in patients with CPP and endometriosis diagnosis compared to those with CPP without endometriosis and no CPP. METHODS Vaginal swabs, rectal swabs, and cervicovaginal lavages (CVL) were collected among individuals undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy. Participants were grouped based on patients seeking care for chronic pain and/or pathology results: CPP and endometriosis (CPP-Endo) (n = 35), CPP without endometriosis (n = 23), or patients without CPP or endometriosis (controls) (n = 15). Sensitivity analyses were performed on CPP with endometriosis location, stage, and co-occurring gynecologic conditions (abnormal uterine bleeding, fibroids). 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to profile the microbiome, and a panel of soluble immune mediators was quantified using a multiplex assay. Statistical analysis was conducted with SAS, R, MicrobiomeAnalyst, MetaboAnalyst, and QIIME 2. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between participants with CPP alone, CPP-Endo, and surgical controls for body mass index, ethnicity, diagnosis of ovarian cysts, and diagnosis of fibroids. In rectal microbiome analysis, both CPP alone and CPP-Endo exhibited lower alpha diversity than controls, and both CPP groups revealed enrichment of irritable bowel syndrome-associated bacteria. CPP-Endo exhibited an increased abundance of vaginal Streptococcus anginosus and rectal Ruminococcus. Patients with CPP and endometrioma (s) demonstrated increased vaginal Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella compared to other endometriosis sites. Further, abnormal uterine bleeding was associated with an increased abundance of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria. Immunoproteomic profiles were distinctly clustered by CPP alone and CPP-Endo compared to controls. CPP-Endo was enriched in TNF⍺, MDC, and IL-1⍺. CONCLUSIONS Vaginal and rectal microbiomes were observed to differ between patients with CPP alone and CPP with endometriosis, which may be useful in personalized treatment for individuals with CPP and endometriosis from those with other causes of CPP. Further investigation is warranted in patients with additional co-occurring conditions, such as AUB/fibroids, which add additional complexity to these conditions and reveal the enrichment of distinct pathogenic bacteria in both mucosal sites. This study provides foundational microbiome-immunoproteomic knowledge related to chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, and co-occurring gynecologic conditions that can help improve the treatment of patients seeking care for pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Jimenez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Taylor Norton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banner University Medical Center Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Gurbeen Diadala
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Building ABC-1, Lab 331E, 425 N. 5 St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Emerald Bell
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Building ABC-1, Lab 331E, 425 N. 5 St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Michelle Valenti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Leslie V Farland
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nichole Mahnert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banner University Medical Center Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Melissa M Herbst-Kralovetz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Building ABC-1, Lab 331E, 425 N. 5 St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Chen J, Xu W, Liu Y, Liang X, Chen Y, Liang J, Cao J, Lu B, Sun C, Wang Y. Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its characteristic component chlorogenic acid alleviated experimental colitis by promoting Lactobacillus and fecal short‐chain fatty acids production. FOOD FRONTIERS 2024; 5:1583-1602. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AbstractUlcerative colitis is intricately linked to intestinal oxidative stress and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Lonicera japonica Thunb. (LJ) is a traditional edible and medical flower in China, and chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of its characteristic components. However, it remains unclear whether gut microbiota plays a role in the therapeutic effects of LJ and GCA on colitis. Here, we first observed that oral administration of LJ and CGA for 3 weeks dramatically promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and fecal short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production in healthy mice. Subsequently, the alleviating effects of LJ and CGA on colitis were explored with a dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis mice model. The intervention of LJ and CGA notably alleviated inflammation, intestinal barrier impairment, and oxidative stress in colitis and led to a significant elevation in Lactobacillus and fecal SCFAs. Eventually, the key role of gut microbiota and their metabolites on the therapeutic effects was validated by performing fecal microbiota transplantation and sterile fecal suspensions transplantation from LJ and CGA‐treated healthy mice to colitis mice. Our findings demonstrated that consumption of LJ and CGA could benefit the host both in healthy condition and colitis. The beneficial effects were attributed to the improvement of the endogenous antioxidant system and promotion of the probiotic Lactobacillus and SCFAs production. Our study highlighted the great potential of LJ and CGA to be consumed as functional foods and provided novel mechanisms by which they alleviated colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebiao Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Wanhua Xu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture Zhejiang University Linyi Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyi Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University Sanya Hainan People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro‐Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro‐Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhejiang University Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University Sanya Hainan People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture Zhejiang University Linyi Shandong People's Republic of China
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Cho YS, Han K, Xu J, Moon JJ. Novel strategies for modulating the gut microbiome for cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115332. [PMID: 38759702 PMCID: PMC11268941 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics have significantly advanced our understanding of the human gut microbiome and its impact on the efficacy and toxicity of anti-cancer therapeutics, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. In particular, prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics are recognized for their unique properties in modulating the gut microbiota, maintaining the intestinal barrier, and regulating immune cells, thus emerging as new cancer treatment modalities. However, clinical translation of microbiome-based therapy is still in its early stages, facing challenges to overcome physicochemical and biological barriers of the gastrointestinal tract, enhance target-specific delivery, and improve drug bioavailability. This review aims to highlight the impact of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics on the gut microbiome and their efficacy as cancer treatment modalities. Additionally, we summarize recent innovative engineering strategies designed to overcome challenges associated with oral administration of anti-cancer treatments. Moreover, we will explore the potential benefits of engineered gut microbiome-modulating approaches in ameliorating the side effects of immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Seok Cho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 21009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 21009, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James J Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Zhou J, Yuan X, Liu Y. The gut microbiota-constipation connection: Insights from a two sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106667. [PMID: 38685361 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been implicated in various maladies. Research has identified an association between the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and the risk of constipation, prompting this study to elucidate the potential causal relationship between gut microbiota imbalance with constipation through a two sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study, shedding light on the genetic mechanisms underlying the connection between gut microbiota and constipation. METHODS The forward MR analysis aimed to scrutinize whether alterations in the composition and abundance of gut microbiota impact the risk of constipation, while the reverse MR analysis explored whether the genetic predisposition to constipation influences the abundance of gut microbiota. Genomic correlation data for the gut microbiota were sourced from the comprehensive statistics of the MiBioGen consortium. Genomic correlation data for constipation were obtained from the IEU database, encoded as the dataset ebi-a-GCST90018829. The correlation was assessed using various analytical techniques, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), Mendelian randomization-Egger regression (MR-Egger), and weighted median and mode methodologies. To ensure the robustness of the results, a meticulous sensitivity analysis was conducted, incorporating Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), and a Leave-one-out analysis. RESULTS In the forward Mendelian randomization analyses, a negative correlation was discerned between the abundance of Coprococcus in the gut microbiota and the occurrence of constipation (IVW: OR = 0.74, 95 % CI = 0.64-0.86, p = 0.0001), whereas a positive correlation was observed between the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the gut microbiota and constipation (IVW: OR = 1.22, 95 % CI = 1.00-1.50, p = 0.04). In the forward Mendelian randomization analyses, we were unsuccessful in obtaining valid instrumental variables for scrutiny, and we deemed that constipation exerts no influence on the composition of the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Genetic predisposition towards increased abundance of Coprococcus and decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes is correlated with a diminished susceptibility to constipation. This investigation showed that alterations in the gut microbiota precipitated the onset of constipation, rather than constipation inducing modifications in the microbial flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaoming Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yeliu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yang LS, Gao C, Kang JH. Correlation between intestinal microbiota and occurrence of colorectal cancer: Potential applications. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:418-423. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i6.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
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El Hasbani G, E Nassar J, Elsayed Ali AM, Uthman I, Jawad A. The impact of nicotine smoking on spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatismo 2024; 76. [PMID: 38916171 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2024.1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nicotine has major side effects on human health through numerous mechanisms, one of which is the alteration of the immune system and its genetic components. Such alteration can be a predisposing factor for autoimmune diseases such as spondyloarthritis (SpA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This review aims to shed light on the effects of nicotine smoking on the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of SpA and RA. METHODS This review looked into the studies, excluding case reports and series, which were cited by PubMed/MEDLINE. RESULTS Patients with established autoimmune conditions may have a different underlying pathophysiology and disease course when exposed to nicotine through cigarette smoking. Through the involvement of several cytokines, endothelial dysfunction, and epigenetic mechanisms, the severity of SpA is more prominent in smokers. The global health status, pain, and fatigue are worse in SpA patients. The evidence on the effect of nicotine smoking on the treatment of SpA is still limited. Nicotine can contribute to RA via the disruption of cellular regulatory activity, inflammatory responses, morphological, physiological, biochemical, and enzymatic responses. As such, smokers with RA have higher disease activity and are more likely to be seropositive through the citrullination of peptides. In addition, these patients are at risk of achieving a suboptimal response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking can substantially affect the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of patients with SpA and RA. The impact of nicotine on the management of these diseases still needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- G El Hasbani
- Department of Medicine, Hartford HealthCare St. Vincent's Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT.
| | - J E Nassar
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut.
| | | | - I Uthman
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center.
| | - A Jawad
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal London Hospital.
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Hrnciarova J, Kubelkova K, Bostik V, Rychlik I, Karasova D, Babak V, Datkova M, Simackova K, Macela A. Modulation of Gut Microbiome and Autism Symptoms of ASD Children Supplemented with Biological Response Modifier: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1988. [PMID: 38999736 PMCID: PMC11243103 DOI: 10.3390/nu16131988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology and mechanisms of autism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not yet fully understood. There is currently no treatment for ASD for providing significant improvement in core symptoms. Recent studies suggest, however, that ASD is associated with gut dysbiosis, indicating that modulation of gut microbiota in children with ASD may thus reduce the manifestation of ASD symptoms. The aim of this pilot study (prospective randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled) was to evaluate efficacy of the biological response modifier Juvenil in modulating the microbiome of children with ASD and, in particular, whether Juvenil is able to alleviate the symptoms of ASD. In total, 20 children with ASD and 12 neurotypical children were included in our study. Supplementation of ASD children lasted for three months. To confirm Juvenil's impact on the gut microbiome, stool samples were collected from all children and the microbiome's composition was analyzed. This pilot study demonstrated that the gut microbiome of ASD children differed significantly from that of healthy controls and was converted by Juvenil supplementation toward a more neurotypical microbiome that positively modulated children's autism symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jela Hrnciarova
- Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.D.); (K.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Kubelkova
- Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Vanda Bostik
- Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Ivan Rychlik
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.R.); (D.K.); (V.B.)
| | - Daniela Karasova
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.R.); (D.K.); (V.B.)
| | - Vladimir Babak
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.R.); (D.K.); (V.B.)
| | - Magdalena Datkova
- Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.D.); (K.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Simackova
- Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.D.); (K.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Macela
- Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.B.); (A.M.)
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Li L, Chen J, Wang Y, Pei Y, Ren L, Dai X, Li J, Ma J, Wang M, Chang W, Chen J, Song Q, Xu S. Heat acclimation with probiotics-based ORS supplementation alleviates heat stroke-induced multiple organ dysfunction via improving intestinal thermotolerance and modulating gut microbiota in rats. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1385333. [PMID: 38962135 PMCID: PMC11220321 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat stroke (HS) is a critical condition with extremely high mortality. Heat acclimation (HA) is widely recognized as the best measure to prevent and protect against HS. Preventive administration of oral rehydration salts III (ORSIII) and probiotics have been reported to sustain intestinal function in cases of HS. This study established a rat model of HA that was treated with probiotics-based ORS (ORSP) during consecutive 21-day HA training. The results showed that HA with ORSP could attenuate HS-induced hyperthermia by regulating thermoregulatory response. We also found that HA with ORSP could significantly alleviate HS-induced multiple organ injuries. The expression levels of a series of heat-shock proteins (HSPs), including HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, and HSP40, were significantly up-regulated from the HA training. The increases in intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and D-Lactate typically seen during HS were decreased through HA. The representative TJ proteins including ZO-1, E-cadherin, and JAM-1 were found to be significantly down-regulated by HS, but sustained following HA. The ultrastructure of TJ was examined by TEM, which confirmed its protective effect on the intestinal barrier protection following HA. We also demonstrated that HA raised the intestinal levels of beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and lowered those of the harmful bacteria Streptococcus through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These findings suggest that HA with ORSP was proven to improve intestinal thermotolerance and the levels of protective gut microbiota against HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Emergency, The Second Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Sanya, China
- Heatstroke Treatment and Research Center of PLA, Sanya, China
| | - Juelin Chen
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yankun Pei
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Ren
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dai
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Heatstroke Treatment and Research Center of PLA, Sanya, China
- Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Man Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Chang
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jikuai Chen
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Song
- Heatstroke Treatment and Research Center of PLA, Sanya, China
| | - Shuogui Xu
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Yan J, Zhang X, Zhu K, Yu M, Liu Q, De Felici M, Zhang T, Wang J, Shen W. Sleep deprivation causes gut dysbiosis impacting on systemic metabolomics leading to premature ovarian insufficiency in adolescent mice. Theranostics 2024; 14:3760-3776. [PMID: 38948060 PMCID: PMC11209713 DOI: 10.7150/thno.95197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Currently, there are occasional reports of health problems caused by sleep deprivation (SD). However, to date, there remains a lack of in-depth research regarding the effects of SD on the growth and development of oocytes in females. The present work aimed to investigate whether SD influences ovarian folliculogenesis in adolescent female mice. Methods: Using a dedicated device, SD conditions were established in 3-week old female mice (a critical stage of follicular development) for 6 weeks and gut microbiota and systemic metabolomics were analyzed. Analyses were related to parameters of folliculogenesis and reproductive performance of SD females. Results: We found that the gut microbiota and systemic metabolomics were severely altered in SD females and that these were associated with parameters of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). These included increased granulosa cell apoptosis, reduced numbers of primordial follicles (PmFs), correlation with decreased AMH, E2, and increased LH in blood serum, and a parallel increased number of growing follicles and changes in protein expression compatible with PmF activation. SD also reduced oocyte maturation and reproductive performance. Notably, fecal microbial transplantation from SD females into normal females induced POI parameters in the latter while niacinamide (NAM) supplementation alleviated such symptoms in SD females. Conclusion: Gut microbiota and alterations in systemic metabolomics caused by SD induced POI features in juvenile females that could be counteracted with NAM supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamao Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Kexin Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Mubin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qingchun Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Teng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Chawrylak K, Leśniewska M, Mielniczek K, Sędłak K, Pelc Z, Pawlik TM, Polkowski WP, Rawicz-Pruszyński K. Gut Microbiota-Adversary or Ally? Its Role and Significance in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis, Progression, and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2236. [PMID: 38927941 PMCID: PMC11201452 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2022, colorectal cancer (CRC) was the third most prevalent malignancy worldwide. The therapeutic approach for CRC typically involves a multimodal regimen. The human gut microbiota comprises over 35,000 bacterial species. The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by dietary intake, which plays a crucial role in food absorption, nutrient extraction, and the development of low-grade inflammation. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota is a key driver of inflammation and is strongly associated with CRC development. While the gut microbiome influences CRC initiation and progression, emerging evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiome in modulating the efficacy and toxicity of cancer treatments. Therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, such as probiotics, hold promise as effective interventions in the modern therapeutical approach to CRC. For example, Microbiota Implementation to Reduce Anastomotic Colorectal Leaks (MIRACLe) implementation has resulted in improvements in clinical outcomes, including reduced incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL), surgical site infections (SSIs), reoperation, as well as shorter recovery times and hospital stays compared with the control group. Therefore, this review aims to describe the current state of knowledge regarding the involvement of the gut microbiota in CRC pathogenesis and its potential therapeutic implications to treat CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Chawrylak
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.C.); (M.L.); (K.S.); (Z.P.); (W.P.P.); (K.R.-P.)
| | - Magdalena Leśniewska
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.C.); (M.L.); (K.S.); (Z.P.); (W.P.P.); (K.R.-P.)
| | - Katarzyna Mielniczek
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.C.); (M.L.); (K.S.); (Z.P.); (W.P.P.); (K.R.-P.)
| | - Katarzyna Sędłak
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.C.); (M.L.); (K.S.); (Z.P.); (W.P.P.); (K.R.-P.)
| | - Zuzanna Pelc
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.C.); (M.L.); (K.S.); (Z.P.); (W.P.P.); (K.R.-P.)
| | - Timothy M. Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Wojciech P. Polkowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.C.); (M.L.); (K.S.); (Z.P.); (W.P.P.); (K.R.-P.)
| | - Karol Rawicz-Pruszyński
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.C.); (M.L.); (K.S.); (Z.P.); (W.P.P.); (K.R.-P.)
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Al-Ghamdi AY. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester attenuates Enterococcus faecalis infection in vivo: antioxidants and NF-κB have a protective role against stomach damage. J Med Life 2024; 17:574-581. [PMID: 39296435 PMCID: PMC11407487 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gastrointestinal tract hosts a significant microbial symbiont community, an intriguing feature of this complex organ system. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) against Enterococcus faecalis infection in the stomach at a dose of 106 CFU in Swiss mice. A total of 30 mice were randomly assigned to three groups of ten mice each. Group I was the negative control, Group II was infected orally with E. faecalis for 18 days, and Group III was infected with E. faecalis and treated with CAPE orally at a daily dose of 4 mg/kg for 18 days. We assessed the antioxidant activities of stomach homogenate and the immunohistochemical expressions of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Histopathological examination was performed on the stomachs of all mice. Group II had decreased levels of antioxidant activity and positive expressions of NF-κB and PCNA. Histological observations revealed an increase in mucosal and glandular thickness compared with Group I. Group III, treated with CAPE, showed a significant increase in antioxidant activities and a significant decrease in NF-κB and PCNA immunoreactivities compared with Group II. In addition, Group III showed restoration of the normal thickness of the non-glandular and glandular parts of the stomach. Our results revealed that E. faecalis infection has damaging effects on the stomach and proved that CAPE has promising protective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects against E. faecalis. Further studies may investigate the potential therapeutic effects of CAPE against E. faecalis infection.
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Wang Z, Chang Y, Sun H, Li Y, Tang T. Advances in molecular mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease‑associated colorectal cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2024; 27:257. [PMID: 38646499 PMCID: PMC11027113 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The link between inflammation and cancer is well documented and colonic inflammation caused by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to be a high-risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The complex crosstalk between epithelial and inflammatory cells is thought to underlie the progression from inflammation to cancer. The present review collates and summarises recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD-associated CRC (IBD-CRC), including the oncogenic mechanisms of the main inflammatory signalling pathways and genetic alterations induced by oxidative stress during colonic inflammation, and discusses the crosstalk between the tumour microenvironment, intestinal flora and host immune factors during inflammatory oncogenesis in colitis-associated CRC. In addition, the therapeutic implications of anti-inflammatory therapy for IBD-CRC were discussed, intending to provide new insight into improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Tongyu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Cai K, Cao XY, Chen F, Zhu Y, Sun DD, Cheng HB, Duan JA, Su SL. Xianlian Jiedu Decoction alleviates colorectal cancer by regulating metabolic profiles, intestinal microbiota and metabolites. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155385. [PMID: 38569292 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xianlian Jiedu Decoction (XLJDD) has been used for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) for several decades because of the prominent efficacy of the prescription. Despite the clear clinical efficacy of XLJDD, the anti-CRC mechanism of action is still unclear. PURPOSE The inhibitory effect and mechanism of XLJDD on CRC were investigated in the azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced mice. METHODS The AOM/DSS-induced mice model was adopted to evaluate the efficacy after administering the different doses of XLJDD. The therapeutic effects of XLJDD in treating AOM/DSS-induced CRC were investigated through histopathology, immunofluorescence and ELISA analysis methods. In addition, metabolomics profile and 16S rRNA analysis were used to explore the effective mechanisms of XLJDD on CRC. RESULTS The results stated that the XLJDD reduced the number of tumor growth on the inner wall of the colon and the colorectal weight/length ratio, and suppressed the disease activity index (DAI) score, meanwhile XLJDD also increased body weight, colorectal length, and overall survival rate. The treatment of XLJDD also exhibited the ability to lower the level of inflammatory cytokines in serum and reduce the expression levels of β-catenin, COX-2, and iNOS protein in colorectal tissue. The findings suggested that XLJDD has anti-inflammatory properties and may provide relief for those suffering from inflammation-related conditions. Mechanistically, XLJDD improved gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated metabolic levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), sphingolipid, and glycerophospholipid. This was achieved by reducing the abundance of Turicibacter, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and the levels of sphinganine, LPCs, and PCs. Additionally, XLJDD increased the abundance of Enterorhabdus and Alistipes probiotics, as well as the content of butyric acid and isovaleric acid. CONCLUSION The data presented in this article demonstrated that XLJDD can effectively inhibit the occurrence of colon inner wall tumors by reducing the level of inflammation and alleviating intestinal microbial flora imbalance and metabolic disorders. It provides a scientific basis for clinical prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xin-Yue Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Fan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dong-Dong Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu-Lan Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Feng Y, Lu J, Jiang J, Wang M, Guo K, Lin S. Berberine: Potential preventive and therapeutic strategies for human colorectal cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4033. [PMID: 38742849 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive tract tumor, with incidences continuing to rise. Although modern medicine has extended the survival time of CRC patients, its adverse effects and the financial burden cannot be ignored. CRC is a multi-step process and can be caused by the disturbance of gut microbiome and chronic inflammation's stimulation. Additionally, the presence of precancerous lesions is also a risk factor for CRC. Consequently, scientists are increasingly interested in identifying multi-target, safe, and economical herbal medicine and natural products. This paper summarizes berberine's (BBR) regulatory mechanisms in the occurrence and development of CRC. The findings indicate that BBR regulates gut microbiome homeostasis and controls mucosal inflammation to prevent CRC. In the CRC stage, BBR inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, blocks the cell cycle, induces cell apoptosis, regulates cell metabolism, inhibits angiogenesis, and enhances chemosensitivity. BBR plays a role in the overall management of CRC. Therefore, using BBR as an adjunct to CRC prevention and treatment could become a future trend in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Feng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiamin Lu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Menglei Wang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengyou Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Peng X, Yang Y, Zhong R, Yang Y, Yan F, Liang N, Yuan S. Zinc and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Clinical Study to Animal Experiment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04193-6. [PMID: 38805169 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) with a high incidence rate globally, and IBD patients are often accompanied by zinc deficiency. This review aims to summarize the potential therapeutic value of zinc supplementation in IBD clinical patients and animal models. Zinc supplementation can relieve the severity of IBD especially in patients with zinc deficiency. The clinical severity of IBD were mainly evaluated through some scoring methods involving clinical performance, endoscopic observation, blood biochemistry, and pathologic biopsy. Through conducting animal experiments, it has been found that zinc plays an important role in alleviating clinical symptoms and improving pathological lesions. In both clinical observation and animal experiment of IBD, the therapeutic mechanisms of zinc interventions have been found to be related to immunomodulation, intestinal epithelial repair, and gut microbiota's balance. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of zinc was clarified in animal experiment. Appropriate zinc supplementation is beneficial for IBD therapy, and the present evidence highlights that alleviating zinc-deficient status can effectively improve the severity of clinical symptoms in IBD patients and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingxiang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Rao Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuexuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Department of Geriatrics, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China.
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Adewuyi EO, Porter T, O'Brien EK, Olaniru O, Verdile G, Laws SM. Genome-wide cross-disease analyses highlight causality and shared biological pathways of type 2 diabetes with gastrointestinal disorders. Commun Biol 2024; 7:643. [PMID: 38802514 PMCID: PMC11130317 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest links between diabetes and gastrointestinal (GI) traits; however, their underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively assess the genetic relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and GI disorders. Our study demonstrates a significant positive global genetic correlation of T2D with peptic ulcer disease (PUD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastritis-duodenitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and diverticular disease, but not inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We identify several positive local genetic correlations (negative for T2D - IBD) contributing to T2D's relationship with GI disorders. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomisation analyses suggest causal effects of T2D on PUD and gastritis-duodenitis and bidirectionally with GERD. Gene-based analyses reveal a gene-level genetic overlap between T2D and GI disorders and identify several shared genes reaching genome-wide significance. Pathway-based study implicates leptin (T2D - IBD), thyroid, interferon, and notch signalling (T2D - IBS), abnormal circulating calcium (T2D - PUD), cardiovascular, viral, proinflammatory and (auto)immune-mediated mechanisms in T2D and GI disorders. These findings support a risk-increasing genetic overlap between T2D and GI disorders (except IBD), implicate shared biological pathways with putative causality for certain T2D - GI pairs, and identify targets for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O Adewuyi
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia.
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia.
| | - Tenielle Porter
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Western, Australia
| | - Eleanor K O'Brien
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia
| | - Oladapo Olaniru
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Western, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Western, Australia
| | - Simon M Laws
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia.
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027, Western, Australia.
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Western, Australia.
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Wei X, Liang J, Liu J, Dai Y, Leng X, Cheng Y, Chi L. Anchang Yuyang Decoction inhibits experimental colitis-related carcinogenesis by regulating PPAR signaling pathway and affecting metabolic homeostasis of host and microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117995. [PMID: 38428656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents a risk of carcinogenesis, which escalates with the duration of IBD. Persistent histological inflammation is considered to be the driving factor of colitis carcinogenesis. Effective control of inflammation is helpful to prevent and treat colitis-related colorectal cancer (CAC). Anchang Yuyang Decoction (AYD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is originated from the ancient prescription of TCM for treating colitis and colorectal cancer. AYD has demonstrated efficacy in treating IBD and potential anti-carcinogenic properties. AIM OF THE STUDY This research aims to assess the therapeutic efficacy of AYD in ameliorating experimental colitis-related carcinogenesis induced by AOM/DSS. It further seeks to elucidate its potential mechanisms by integrating multiple omics sequencing approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model for colitis-related carcinogenesis was developed using azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). UPLC-MS identified AYD's chemical constituents. Rats were administered varying doses of AYD (18.37, 9.19 and 4.59 g/kg) orally for 53 days, with mesalazine as a positive control. The study evaluated anti-carcinogenic effects by examining adenoma number, adenoma load, abnormal crypt foci (ACF), histopathological damage, and tumor-related protein expression. Anti-inflammatory and reparative effects were assessed through body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, spleen index, inflammatory cytokine levels, and tight junction protein expression. The effects on intestinal microbiota and host metabolism were explored through 16S rRNA sequencing, targeted short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabonomics, and non-targeted colon metabolomics. Potential AYD targets were identified through transcriptomic sequencing and validated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS AYD significantly reduced adenoma number, adenoma load, neoplasm-associated lesions, ACF, and tumor-related protein expression (e.g., p53, PCNA) in AOM/DSS-induced rats, thus impeding colitis-related carcinogenesis progression. AYD also alleviated histopathological damage and inflammation, promoting intestinal mucosal barrier repair. Furthermore, AYD modulated intestinal flora structure, enhanced SCFA production, and regulated colon metabolites. Transcriptomic sequencing revealed a significant impact on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Subsequent qRT-PCR and western blotting experiments indicated AYD's influence in up-regulating PPAR-γ and down-regulating PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ, and related proteins (thrombomodulin [Thbd], fatty acid binding protein 5 [Fabp5], stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2 [Scd2], phospholipid transfer protein [Pltp]). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates AYD's ability to inhibit experimental colitis-related carcinogenesis induced by AOM/DSS. Its mechanism likely involves modulation of the PPAR signaling pathway, impacting intestinal microbiota and host metabolic equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiunan Wei
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Junwei Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Jiahui Liu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Yonggang Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Xiaohui Leng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261000, China.
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Lili Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Takahashi K, Tsuji M, Nakagawasai O, Miyagawa K, Kurokawa K, Mochida-Saito A, Iwasa M, Iwasa H, Suzuki S, Takeda H, Tadano T. Anxiolytic effects of Enterococcus faecalis 2001 on a mouse model of colitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11519. [PMID: 38769131 PMCID: PMC11106339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory inflammatory bowel disease, which is known to cause psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression at a high rate in addition to peripheral inflammatory symptoms. However, the pathogenesis of these psychiatric disorders remains mostly unknown. While prior research revealed that the Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) suppressed UC-like symptoms and accompanying depressive-like behaviors, observed in a UC model using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), whether it has an anxiolytic effect remains unclear. Therefore, we examined whether EF-2001 attenuates DSS-induced anxiety-like behaviors. Treatment with 2% DSS for seven days induced UC-like symptoms and anxiety-like behavior through the hole-board test, increased serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and corticosterone concentration, and p-glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and decreased N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit (NR) 2A and NR2B expression levels in the PFC. Interestingly, these changes were reversed by EF-2001 administration. Further, EF-2001 administration enhanced CAMKII/CREB/BDNF-Drebrin pathways in the PFC of DSS-treated mice, and labeling of p-GR, p-CAMKII, and p-CREB showed colocalization with neurons. EF-2001 attenuated anxiety-like behavior by reducing serum LPS and corticosterone levels linked to the improvement of UC symptoms and by facilitating the CAMKII/CREB/BDNF-Drebrin pathways in the PFC. Our findings suggest a close relationship between UC and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan.
| | - Osamu Nakagawasai
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kurokawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Atsumi Mochida-Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iwasa
- Nihon Berm Co., Ltd., 16-12, Nihonbashi-Kodenmacho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-0001, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iwasa
- Nihon Berm Co., Ltd., 16-12, Nihonbashi-Kodenmacho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-0001, Japan
| | - Shigeo Suzuki
- Nihon Berm Co., Ltd., 16-12, Nihonbashi-Kodenmacho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-0001, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tadano
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
- Department of Environment and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
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40
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Olteanu G, Ciucă-Pană MA, Busnatu ȘS, Lupuliasa D, Neacșu SM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Ioniță-Mîndrican CB, Boroghină SC. Unraveling the Microbiome-Human Body Axis: A Comprehensive Examination of Therapeutic Strategies, Interactions and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5561. [PMID: 38791599 PMCID: PMC11122276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review scrutinizes the intricate interplay between the microbiome and the human body, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and far-reaching implications. The human microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various anatomical niches, is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of human health and disease. Through an extensive examination of current research, this review elucidates the dynamic interactions between the microbiome and host physiology across multiple organ systems. Key topics include the establishment and maintenance of microbiota diversity, the influence of host factors on microbial composition, and the bidirectional communication pathways between microbiota and host cells. Furthermore, we delve into the functional implications of microbiome dysbiosis in disease states, emphasizing its role in shaping immune responses, metabolic processes, and neurological functions. Additionally, this review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the microbiome to restore host-microbe homeostasis and promote health. Microbiota fecal transplantation represents a groundbreaking therapeutic approach in the management of dysbiosis-related diseases, offering a promising avenue for restoring microbial balance within the gut ecosystem. This innovative therapy involves the transfer of fecal microbiota from a healthy donor to an individual suffering from dysbiosis, aiming to replenish beneficial microbial populations and mitigate pathological imbalances. By synthesizing findings from diverse fields, this review offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between the microbiome and the human body, highlighting avenues for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Alexandra Ciucă-Pană
- Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Steluța Constanța Boroghină
- Department of Complementary Sciences, History of Medicine and Medical Culture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Davoutis E, Gkiafi Z, Lykoudis PM. Bringing gut microbiota into the spotlight of clinical research and medical practice. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:2293-2300. [PMID: 38765739 PMCID: PMC11099419 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i14.2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing scientific interest and expanding role of gut microbiota (GM) in human health, it is rarely reported in case reports and deployed in clinical practice. Proteins and metabolites produced by microbiota contribute to immune system development, energy homeostasis and digestion. Exo- and endogenous factors can alter its composition. Disturbance of microbiota, also known as dysbiosis, is associated with various pathological conditions. Specific bacterial taxa and related metabolites are involved in disease pathogenesis and therefore can serve as a diagnostic tool. GM could also be a useful prognostic factor by predicting future disease onset and preventing hospital-associated infections. Additionally, it can influence response to treatments, including those for cancers, by altering drug bioavailability. A thorough understanding of its function has permitted significant development in therapeutics, such as probiotics and fecal transplantation. Hence, GM should be considered as a ground-breaking biological parameter, and it is advisable to be investigated and reported in literature in a more consistent and systematic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathia Davoutis
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Zoi Gkiafi
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Panagis M Lykoudis
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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42
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Ma B, Hu X, Ai X, Zhang Y. Research progress of ferroptosis and inflammatory bowel disease. Biometals 2024:10.1007/s10534-024-00604-2. [PMID: 38713412 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00604-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-specific chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, imposing significant burdens on both society and individuals. As a new type of regulated cell death (RCD), ferroptosis is different from classic RCDs such as apoptosis and necrosis in cell morphology, biochemistry and genetics. The main molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis include dysregulation of iron metabolism, impaired antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of lipid-associated super-oxides, and membrane disruption. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that ferroptosis is involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease. However, the exact roles and underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This article reviews the mechanism of ferroptosis in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease, in order to provide new ideas for the pathophysiological research of inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, we discuss potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolian Ma
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Hu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaowen Ai
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonglan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China.
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43
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Zhang J, Wang P, Wang J, Wei X, Wang M. Unveiling intratumoral microbiota: An emerging force for colorectal cancer diagnosis and therapy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107185. [PMID: 38615875 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Microbes, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other eukaryotic organisms, are commonly present in multiple organs of the human body and contribute significantly to both physiological and pathological processes. Nowadays, the development of sequencing technology has revealed the presence and composition of the intratumoral microbiota, which includes Fusobacterium, Bifidobacteria, and Bacteroides, and has shed light on the significant involvement in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we summarized the current understanding of the intratumoral microbiota in CRC and outline the potential translational and clinical applications in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRC. We focused on reviewing the development of microbial therapies targeting the intratumoral microbiota to improve the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for CRC and to identify biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. Finally, we emphasized the obstacles and potential solutions to translating the knowledge of the intratumoral microbiota into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Zhang
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Penghui Wang
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojie Wei
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mengchuan Wang
- Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
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44
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Sui Y, Song P, Chen G, Zuo S, Liu H, Guo J, Chang Z, Dai H, Liu F, Dong H. Gut microbiota and Tritrichomonas foetus infection: A study of prevalence and risk factors based on pet cats. Prev Vet Med 2024; 226:106162. [PMID: 38518658 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Tritrichomonas foetus (T. foetus) is a protozoal pathogen that infects cats and constitutes a significant cause of chronic colitis and diarrhea. Perturbations in the gut microbiota (GM) are affected by Trichomonas infection. Furthermore, dysregulation of the host GM enhances Trichomonas pathogenicity. However, it remains unclear whether the occurrence of diarrhea is associated with a dysregulation in GM following T. foetus infection in cats. Hence, the primary objective of this investigation was to explore the correlation between T. foetus infection and dysregulation in GM by analyzing fecal samples obtained from pet cats in Henan Province, central China. We randomly collected 898 fecal samples from pet cats living in 11 prefectural cities within Henan Province, and T. foetus was screened with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification based on the 18 S rRNA gene. Subsequently, six T. foetus-positive and six T. foetus-negative samples underwent analysis through 16 S rRNA gene sequencing to evaluate the gut microbiota's composition. The overall prevalence of T. foetus infection among the collected samples was found to be 6.01% (54/898). Notably, a higher prevalence of infection was observed in young, undewormed, unimmunized, and diarrheic pet cats. T. foetus infection was found to significantly alter the composition of the pet cat fecal microbiota, leading to dysfunctions. Moreover, it resulted in a substantial increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Phascolarctobacterium spp., while decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) and the abundance of Actinobacteria, Clostridiaceae_Clostridium spp., Phascolarctobacterium spp., SMB53 spp., and Blautia spp. We constructed ROC curves to assess the diagnostic value of specific bacterial taxa in discriminating T. foetus infection. The analysis revealed that Proteobacteria and Clostridiaceae_Clostridium spp. were the most reliable single predictors for T. foetus infection. This finding suggests that alterations in the GM may be strongly associated with T. foetus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Sui
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengtao Song
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Guizhen Chen
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoujun Zuo
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Liu
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjie Guo
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihai Chang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Liu
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haiju Dong
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao Z, Li C, Huang J, Yuan X, Cui Y, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zhu Z, Zhang Z. Phlorizin Limits Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in Mice via Regulating Gut Microbiota Composition. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:9906-9914. [PMID: 38625103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Phlorizin (PHZ) is one of the main pharmacologically active ingredients in Lithocarpus polystachyus. We have previously shown that PHZ inhibits the replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), but the exact antiviral mechanism, especially in vivo, is still unknown. Here, we further confirm that PHZ has good protective effects in BVDV-infected mice. We analyzed BVDV-induced CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells among peripheral blood lymphocytes and found that PHZ significantly restored their percentage. Metagenomic analyses revealed that PHZ markedly improved the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota and increased the abundance of potentially health-related microbes (families Lachnosipiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Oscillospiraceae). Specifically, the relative abundance of short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, Oscillibacter, Intestinimonas, Blautia, and Lachnoclostridium increased significantly after PHZ treatment. Interestingly, BVDV-infected mice that received fecal microbiota from PHZ-treated mice (PHZ-FMT) had a significantly lower viral load in the duodenum and jejunum than untreated mice. Pathological lesions of duodenum and jejunum were also greatly reduced in the PHZ-FMT group, confirming a significant antiviral effect. These findings show that gut microbiota play an important role in PHZ's antiviral activity and suggest that their targeted intervention might be a promising endogenous strategy to prevent and control BVDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chuang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Sinan County, Sinan 565100, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xueying Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yueqi Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yulong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhanbo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zecai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
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46
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Tito RY, Verbandt S, Aguirre Vazquez M, Lahti L, Verspecht C, Lloréns-Rico V, Vieira-Silva S, Arts J, Falony G, Dekker E, Reumers J, Tejpar S, Raes J. Microbiome confounders and quantitative profiling challenge predicted microbial targets in colorectal cancer development. Nat Med 2024; 30:1339-1348. [PMID: 38689063 PMCID: PMC11108775 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in cancer microbiome research, recognized confounders and advances in absolute microbiome quantification remain underused; this raises concerns regarding potential spurious associations. Here we study the fecal microbiota of 589 patients at different colorectal cancer (CRC) stages and compare observations with up to 15 published studies (4,439 patients and controls total). Using quantitative microbiome profiling based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing, combined with rigorous confounder control, we identified transit time, fecal calprotectin (intestinal inflammation) and body mass index as primary microbial covariates, superseding variance explained by CRC diagnostic groups. Well-established microbiome CRC targets, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, did not significantly associate with CRC diagnostic groups (healthy, adenoma and carcinoma) when controlling for these covariates. In contrast, the associations of Anaerococcus vaginalis, Dialister pneumosintes, Parvimonas micra, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Prevotella intermedia remained robust, highlighting their future target potential. Finally, control individuals (age 22-80 years, mean 57.7 years, standard deviation 11.3) meeting criteria for colonoscopy (for example, through a positive fecal immunochemical test) but without colonic lesions are enriched for the dysbiotic Bacteroides2 enterotype, emphasizing uncertainties in defining healthy controls in cancer microbiome research. Together, these results indicate the importance of quantitative microbiome profiling and covariate control for biomarker identification in CRC microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Y Tito
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Verbandt
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Aguirre Vazquez
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leo Lahti
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Chloe Verspecht
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Verónica Lloréns-Rico
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
- Systems Biology of Host-Microbiome Interactions Laboratory, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Janine Arts
- Oncology, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joke Reumers
- Therapeutics Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium.
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47
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Facchin S, Bertin L, Bonazzi E, Lorenzon G, De Barba C, Barberio B, Zingone F, Maniero D, Scarpa M, Ruffolo C, Angriman I, Savarino EV. Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: From Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implications. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:559. [PMID: 38792581 PMCID: PMC11122327 DOI: 10.3390/life14050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of diverse microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a pivotal role in breaking down undigested foods, such as dietary fibers. Through the fermentation of these food components, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced, offering numerous health benefits to the host. The production and absorption of these SCFAs occur through various mechanisms within the human intestine, contingent upon the types of dietary fibers reaching the gut and the specific microorganisms engaged in fermentation. Medical literature extensively documents the supplementation of SCFAs, particularly butyrate, in the treatment of gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, and gut-brain-related disorders. This review seeks to provide an overview of the dynamics involved in the production and absorption of acetate, propionate, and butyrate within the human gut. Additionally, it will focus on the pivotal roles these SCFAs play in promoting gastrointestinal and metabolic health, as well as their current therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Facchin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Luisa Bertin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Erica Bonazzi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Greta Lorenzon
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Caterina De Barba
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigida Barberio
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Daria Maniero
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Marco Scarpa
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Cesare Ruffolo
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Imerio Angriman
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
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48
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Couvineau A, Haumaitre C. Special Issue: "Digestive Inflammation and New Therapeutical Targets". Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4361. [PMID: 38673946 PMCID: PMC11050353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases commonly associated with humans are chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases (CIGDs) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Couvineau
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Faculty of Medicine X. Bichat, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Haumaitre
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Faculty of Medicine X. Bichat, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
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49
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Yousef M, Rob M, Varghese S, Rao S, Zamir F, Paul P, Chaari A. The effect of microbiome therapy on COVID-19-induced gut dysbiosis: A narrative and systematic review. Life Sci 2024; 342:122535. [PMID: 38408636 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Emerging evidence highlights the role of COVID-19 in instigating gut dysbiosis, with repercussions on disease severity and bidirectional gut-organ communication involving the lung, heart, brain, and liver. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in addressing gut dysbiosis associated with COVID-19, as well as their impact on related disease severity and clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically review 27 studies exploring the efficacy of different microbiome-modulating therapies: probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation as potential interventions for COVID-19. KEY FINDINGS The probiotics and synbiotics investigated encompassed a spectrum of eight bacterial and fungal genera, namely Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, Bacillus, Saccharomyces, and Kluyveromyces. Noteworthy prebiotics employed in these studies included chestnut tannin, galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharide, and resistant dextrin. The majority of the investigated biotics exhibited positive effects on COVID-19 patients, manifesting in symptom alleviation, inflammation reduction, and notable decreases in mortality rates. Five studies reported death rates, showing an average mortality ranging from 0 % to 11 % in the intervention groups, as compared to 3 % to 30 % in the control groups. Specifically, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics demonstrated efficacy in diminishing the duration and severity of symptoms while significantly accelerating viral and symptomatic remission. FMT emerged as a particularly effective strategy, successfully restoring gut microbiota and ameliorating gastrointestinal disorders. SIGNIFICANCE The insights gleaned from this review significantly contribute to our broader comprehension of the therapeutic potential of biotics in addressing COVID-19-related gut dysbiosis and mitigating secondary multi-organ complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Yousef
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mlaak Rob
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sanish Varghese
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shrinidhi Rao
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fahad Zamir
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pradipta Paul
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Chaari
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
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50
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Acar C, Celik SK, Ozdemirel HO, Tuncdemir BE, Alan S, Mergen H. Composition of the colon microbiota in the individuals with inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:333-345. [PMID: 37344611 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01072-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The human intestine is a habitat for microorganisms and, recently, the composition of the intestinal microbiota has been correlated with the etiology of diseases such as inflammations, sores, and tumors. Although many studies have been conducted to understand the composition of that microbiota, expanding these studies to more samples and different backgrounds will improve our knowledge. In this work, we showed the colon microbiota composition and diversity of healthy subjects, patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colon cancer by metagenomic sequencing. Our results indicated that the relative abundance of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes differs between the healthy vs. tumor biopsies, tumor vs. IBD biopsies, and fresh vs. paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies. Fusobacterium, Escherichia-Shigella, and Streptococcus genera were relatively abundant in fresh tumor biopsies, while Pseudomonas was significantly elevated in IBD biopsies. Additionally, another opportunist pathogen Malasseziales was revealed as the most abundant fungal clade in IBD biopsies, especially in ulcerative colitis. We also found that, while the Basidiomycota:Ascomycota ratio was slightly lower in tumor biopsies compared to biopsies from healthy subjects, there was a significant increase in IBD biopsies. Our work will contribute to the known diversity of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes in the colon biopsies in patients with IBD and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Acar
- Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Inonu University, Malatya, 44280, Turkey.
| | | | - H Ozgur Ozdemirel
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Beril Erdem Tuncdemir
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Saadet Alan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Inonu University, Malatya, 44000, Turkey
| | - Hatice Mergen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
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