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Vishal V, Das T, Lal S, Rahaman S. Endophytic bacterial diversity in the latex-bearing caulosphere of Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01373-3. [PMID: 38789907 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Rubber trees are a commercial cash crop, and the milky latex or polyisoprene they produce is the natural source of rubber. Little is known about the bacterial populations found in active zone of latex-bearing caulosphere. We employed a tailored cloud microbial bioinformatic approach for the identification and potential hypothetical ecological roles of an uncultured endophytic hidden bacterial community in the active zone of the latex-bearing caulosphere of Hevea brasiliensis. Small pieces of slivers were collected from healthy plant from the village: Belonia, South Tripura, rubber plantation in Northeastern India. These uncultured bacteria were identified using the V3-V4 hypervariable amplicon region of the 16 S rDNA gene. A total of 209,586 contigs have been generated. EasyMAP Version 1.0, a cloud-based microbial bioinformatics tool with an integrated QIIME2 pipeline, was used to analyze contigs. We detected 15 phyla and 91 OTUs (operational taxonomic units). Proteobacteria (73.5%) was the most enriched phylum, followed by Firmicutes (13.8%), Bacteroidetes (5.2%), and Actinobacteria (3.2%). Ammonia oxidizers, sulfate reducers, dehalogenation, chitin degradation, nitrite reducers, and aromatic hydrocarbon degraders were the most prevalent functional categories in the active zones of caulosphere. Furthermore, Gammaproteobacteria (49.2%) and Erwinia (29.19%) were the most abundant classes and genera of endophytic bacterial communities. Thus, the presence of a substantial amount of phosphate-solubilizing Gammaproteobacteria (PSB) may stimulate growth, increase plant resilience, suppress disease, and aid in the rubber and sugar breakdown. This is the first report of microbial endophytes associated with Hevea caulosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Vishal
- Department of Botany, Bangabasi Evening College, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700009, India
- Department of Botany, Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834008, India
| | - Tandra Das
- Department of Botany, Narasinha Dutta College, Howrah, West Bengal, 711101, India
| | - Shalini Lal
- Department of Botany, Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834008, India
| | - Sabdar Rahaman
- Department of Botany, Bangabasi Evening College, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700009, India.
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Xu RF, Karunarathna SC, Phukhamsakda C, Dai DQ, Elgorban AM, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Wang XY, Tibpromma S. Four new species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) from Pará Rubber ( Heveabrasiliensis) in Yunnan Province, China. MycoKeys 2024; 103:71-95. [PMID: 38560534 PMCID: PMC10980880 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.103.117580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The tropical areas in southern and south-western Yunnan are rich in fungal diversity. Additionally, the diversity of seed flora in Yunnan Province is higher than in other regions in China and the abundant endemic species of woody plants provide favourable substrates for fungi. Rubber plantations in Yunnan Province are distributed over a large area, especially in Xishuangbanna. During a survey of rubber-associated fungi in Yunnan Province, China, dead rubber branches with fungal fruiting bodies were collected. Morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2 and tef1-α) revealed four distinct new species, described herein as Melomastiapuerensis, Nigrogranalincangensis, Pseudochaetosphaeronemalincangensis and Pseudochaetosphaeronemaxishuangbannaensis. Detailed descriptions, illustrations and phylogenetic trees are provided to show the taxonomic placements of these new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Xu
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Samantha C. Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | | | - Dong-Qin Dai
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
| | | | - Nakarin Suwannarach
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
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Fuentes-Quiroz A, Herrera H, Alvarado R, Rabert C, Arriagada C, Valadares RBDS. Functional differences of cultivable leaf-associated microorganisms in the native Andean tree Gevuina avellana Mol. (Proteaceae) exposed to atmospheric contamination. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae041. [PMID: 38364303 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate and describe the functional differences of cultivable bacteria and fungi inhabiting the leaves of Gevuina avellana Mol. (Proteaceae) in an urban area with high levels of air pollution and in a native forest in the southern Andes. METHODS AND RESULTS Phyllosphere microorganisms were isolated from the leaves of G. avellana, their plant growth-promoting capabilities were estimated along with their biocontrol potential and tolerance to metal(loid)s. Notably, plants from the urban area showed contrasting culturable leaf-associated microorganisms compared to those from the native area. The tolerance to metal(loid)s in bacteria range from 15 to 450 mg l-1 of metal(loid)s, while fungal strains showed tolerance from 15 to 625 mg l-1, being especially higher in the isolates from the urban area. Notably, the bacterial strain Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens and the fungal strain Cladosporium sp. exhibited several plant-growth-promoting properties along with the ability to inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study provides evidence that culturable taxa in G. avellana leaves is directly influenced by the sampling area. This change is likely due to the presence of atmospheric pollutants and diverse microbial symbionts that can be horizontally acquired from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Fuentes-Quiroz
- Laboratorio de Silvicultura, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Héctor Herrera
- Laboratorio de Silvicultura, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Roxana Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Silvicultura, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Claudia Rabert
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Avenida Alemania 01090, Temuco, Chile
| | - Cesar Arriagada
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Rungjindamai N, Jones EBG. Why Are There So Few Basidiomycota and Basal Fungi as Endophytes? A Review. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:67. [PMID: 38248976 PMCID: PMC10820240 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A review of selected studies on fungal endophytes confirms the paucity of Basidiomycota and basal fungi, with almost 90% attributed to Ascomycota. Reasons for the low number of Basidiomycota and basal fungi, including the Chytridiomycota, Mucoromycota, and Mortierellomycota, are advanced, including isolation procedure and media, incubation period and the slow growth of basidiomycetes, the identification of non-sporulating isolates, endophyte competition, and fungus-host interactions. We compare the detection of endophytes through culture-dependent methods and culture-independent methods, the role of fungi on senescence of the host plant, and next-generation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawut Rungjindamai
- Department of Biology, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Chalongkrung Road, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - E. B. Gareth Jones
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Mardones M, Carranza-Velázquez J, Mata-Hidalgo M, Amador-Fernández X, Urbina H. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Ganoderma (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in Costa Rica. MycoKeys 2023; 100:5-47. [PMID: 38025586 PMCID: PMC10660157 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.100.106810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma species are well recognised by their significant role in the recycling of nutrients in ecosystems and by their production of secondary metabolites of medical and biotechnological importance. Ganoderma spp. are characterised by laccate and non-laccate, woody basidiocarps, polypore hymenophores and double-walled basidiospores generally with truncate apex. Despite the importance of this genus, its taxonomy is unclear and it includes several species' complexes with few circumscribed species and incorrect geographic distributions. The aim of this work was to provide detailed morphological descriptions together with phylogenetic analyses using ITS sequences to confirm the presence of seven species of Ganoderma in Costa Rica: G.amazonense, G.applanatum s.l., G.australe, G.curtisii, G.ecuadorense, G.oerstedii and G.parvulum. This is the first study that integrates morphological and phylogenetic data of Ganoderma from Central America and a key of the neotropical species. Besides, the distribution range of G.curtisii, previously reported from North America and G.ecuadorense from South America, is expanded to Central America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Mardones
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Julieta Carranza-Velázquez
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Milagro Mata-Hidalgo
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Xaviera Amador-Fernández
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Hector Urbina
- Herbario Luis Fournier Origgi (USJ), Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
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6
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Miettinen O, Vlasák J, Larsson E, Vlasák J, Seelan J, Hernawati, Levicky Q, Larsson KH, Spirin V. A revised genus-level classification for Cerrenaceae ( Polyporales, Agaricomycetes). Fungal Syst Evol 2023; 12:271-322. [PMID: 38455955 PMCID: PMC10918759 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerrenaceae is a small family of polypores and hydnoid fungi in the order Polyporales (Basidiomycota). The family consists of white-rot fungi, some of which are serious tree pathogens. Combining morphological evidence with a phylogenetic dataset of six genetic markers, we revise generic concepts in the family and propose a seven-genus classification system for the family. Two genera are introduced as new: the monotypic Acanthodontia for Radulodon cirrhatinus, and Lividopora for the Rigidoporus vinctus complex. We re-introduce the name Somion for the Spongipellis delectans complex. Other recognized genera in the family are Cerrena, Irpiciporus, Pseudolagarobasidium, and Radulodon. New species introduced are Irpiciporus branchiformis from Tanzania, Lividopora armeniaca, and L. facilis from Southeast Asia, and Somion strenuum from East Asia. We provide nomenclatural comments on all the names combined to the above Cerrenaceae genera and typify Cerrena unicolor, C. zonata, Polyporus carneopallens (= L. vincta), Somion occarium, and S. unicolor. The genus Hyphoradulum belongs to Cystostereaceae (Agaricales), and we transfer the type species H. conspicuum to Crustomyces. Our study highlights the importance of integrating different basidiocarp types in analyses when revising genus classification in macrofungi. Citation: Miettinen O, Vlasák J, Larsson E, Vlasák J Jr., Seelan JSS, Hernawati, Levicky Q, Larsson K-H, Spirin V (2023). A revised genus-level classification for Cerrenaceae (Polyporales, Agaricomycetes). Fungal Systematics and Evolution 12: 271-322. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.14.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Miettinen
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 7, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. Vlasák
- Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ 37005, České Budĕjovice, Czech Republic
| | - E. Larsson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J. Vlasák
- 207 Silverbrook Dr., Schwenksville, PA, USA
| | - J.S.S. Seelan
- Mycology and Pathology Laboratory, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation (ITBC), Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Hernawati
- Fakultas Kehutanan (Faculty of Forestry), Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat, Padang, Sumatera Barat 25172, Indonesia
| | - Q. Levicky
- The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AB, UK
| | - K.-H. Larsson
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - V. Spirin
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 7, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Dos Santos VL, Silva UC, Santos EH, Resende AA, Dias MF, Cuadros-Orellana S, Marques AR. Exploring the mycobiota of bromeliads phytotelmata in Brazilian Campos Rupestres. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1885-1897. [PMID: 37322328 PMCID: PMC10485200 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00977-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The phytotelmata is a water-filled tank on a terrestrial plant, and it plays an important role in bromeliad growth and ecosystem functioning. Even though previous studies have contributed to elucidate the composition of the prokaryotic component of this aquatic ecosystem, its mycobiota (fungal community) is still poorly known. In the present work, ITS2 amplicon deep sequencing was used to examine the fungal communities inhabiting the phytotelmata of two bromeliads species that coexist in a sun-exposed rupestrian field of Southeastern Brazil, namely Aechmea nudicaulis (AN) and Vriesea minarum (VM). Ascomycota was the most abundant phylum in both bromeliads (57.1 and 89.1% in AN and VM respectively, on average), while the others were present in low abundance (< 2%). Mortierellomycota and Glomeromycota were exclusively observed in AN. Beta-diversity analysis showed that samples from each bromeliad significantly clustered together. In conclusion, despite the considerable within-group variation, the results suggested that each bromeliad harbor a distinct fungi community, what could be associated with the physicochemical characteristics of the phytotelmata (mainly total nitrogen, total organic carbon, and total carbon) and plant morphological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lúcia Dos Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Ubiana Cássia Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Horta Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Abrão Resende
- Expertise Center Botany and Biodiversity, Museu de História Natural e Jardim Botânico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31080-010, Brazil
| | - Marcela França Dias
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Sara Cuadros-Orellana
- Universidad Católica del Maule, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, 3480112, Talca, Chile
| | - Andréa Rodrigues Marques
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais - CEFET/MG, Av. Amazonas, 5253, Nova Suíça, 30.421-169, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30421-169, Brazil
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8
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Soares J, Karlsen-Ayala E, Salvador-Montoya C, Gazis R. Two novel endophytic Tolypocladium species identified from native pines in south Florida. Fungal Syst Evol 2023; 11:51-61. [PMID: 38532936 PMCID: PMC10964049 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2023.11.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the incidence and diversity of Tolypocladium within trunks of south Florida slash pines (Pinus densa). Thirty-five isolates were recovered from trunk tissue including living phloem, cambium, and sapwood. Two novel species of Tolypocladium (T. subtropicale and T. trecense) are described here based on morphological and molecular analysis of concatenated LSU, ITS, tef-1, tub, and RPB1 sequences. Our findings expand our understanding of the distribution, diversity, and ecology of this genus and confirm that it is widely spread as an endophyte across ecosystems and hosts. Strains collected in this survey will be used in future bioassays to determine their potential ecological roles as mycoparasites or entomopathogens. Citation: Soares JM, Karlsen-Ayala E, Salvador-Montoya CA, Gazis R (2023). Two novel endophytic Tolypocladium species identified from native pines in south Florida. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 11: 51-61. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.11.04.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.M. Soares
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
- USDA-ARS, Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, FL 33438, USA
| | - E. Karlsen-Ayala
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
- Southwest Research and Education Center, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL 34142, USA
| | - C.A. Salvador-Montoya
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
| | - R. Gazis
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
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Biodiversity and Bioprospecting of Fungal Endophytes from the Antarctic Plant Colobanthus quitensis. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090979. [PMID: 36135704 PMCID: PMC9504944 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms from extreme environments are considered as a new and valuable reservoir of bioactive molecules of biotechnological interest and are also utilized as tools for enhancing tolerance to (a)biotic stresses in crops. In this study, the fungal endophytic community associated with the leaves of the Antarctic angiosperm Colobanthus quitensis was investigated as a new source of bioactive molecules. We isolated 132 fungal strains and taxonomically annotated 26 representative isolates, which mainly belonged to the Basidiomycota division. Selected isolates of Trametes sp., Lenzites sp., Sistotrema sp., and Peniophora sp. displayed broad extracellular enzymatic profiles; fungal extracts from some of them showed dose-dependent antitumor activity and inhibited the formation of amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein and its pathological mutant E46K. Selected fungal isolates were also able to promote secondary root development and fresh weight increase in Arabidopsis and tomato and antagonize the growth of pathogenic fungi harmful to crops. This study emphasizes the ecological and biotechnological relevance of fungi from the Antarctic ecosystem and provides clues to the bioprospecting of Antarctic Basidiomycetes fungi for industrial, agricultural, and medical applications.
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10
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Cooper C, Walker AK. Endophytic Fungi from Marine Macroalgae in Nova Scotia. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2022. [DOI: 10.1656/045.029.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caryn Cooper
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 170-6371 Crescent Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Allison K. Walker
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
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11
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Pristas P, Beck T, Piknova M, Gaperova S, Sebesta M, Gaper J. Intragenomic Variability of ITS Sequences in Bjerkandera adusta. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070654. [PMID: 35887411 PMCID: PMC9319410 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bjerkandera adusta is a species of common white rot polyporoid fungi found worldwide. Despite playing an important role in deadwood decay, the species strains are used in bioremediation due to its ability to degrade polycyclic hydrocarbons and some of them are important etiological agents of chronic coughs and are associated with lung inflammations. In our experiments, diversity within the species was investigated using molecular approaches and we found that sequence diversity seen at ITS sequence level is not due to cryptic speciation but to intragenomic variability of ITS sequences in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pristas
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Pavol Josef Safarik University in Kosice, Srobarova 2, 04101 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.P.); (M.P.)
- Centre of Biosciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltesovej 4–6, 04001 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Terezia Beck
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovskeho 40, 97401 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Piknova
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Pavol Josef Safarik University in Kosice, Srobarova 2, 04101 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Svetlana Gaperova
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovskeho 40, 97401 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia;
| | | | - Jan Gaper
- Department of Biology and General Ecology, Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Technical University, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96053 Zvolen, Slovakia;
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Martins J, Veríssimo P, Canhoto J. Isolation and identification of Arbutus unedo L. fungi endophytes and biological control of Phytophthora cinnamomi in vitro. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:659-677. [PMID: 34282477 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo, Ericaceae) is an evergreen tree with a circum-Mediterranean distribution. It has a great ecological and economic importance as a source of bioactive compounds with industrial applications and for fruit production. This study aims to characterize the fungi microbiome of this forestry species in order to develop biological control strategies in the increasing orchard production area. For this purpose, fungi endophytes were isolated from wild strawberry tree plants, and a molecular identification was carried out. In vitro assays were carried out to evaluate and characterize the antagonism of some endophytes. Among the several fungi endophytes isolated from strawberry tree (a total of 53 from 20 genera), a Trichoderma atroviride strain proved to have antagonism effect against several phytopathogens, including Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Glomerella cingulata, and Mycosphaerella aurantia. This antagonism was particularly effective against Phytophthora cinnamomi, causing a reduction in growth of about 80% on this invasive oomycete. An enzymatic assay revealed the production of several enzymes by T. atroviride, such as cellulases, chitinases, glucosidases, alkaline phosphatases, and proteases, which is one of the several mechanisms known to be involved on Trichoderma biological control ability. The enzymatic activity, in particular that of cell wall-degrading enzymes, was accentuated when in a dual culture with P. cinnamomi. The production of serine proteases, aspartyl proteases, metalloproteases, and cysteine proteases was also detected in an experiment carried out in liquid medium, suggesting the involvement of these proteases on Trichoderma mycoparasitism mechanisms. Finally, in a three-way interaction with in vitro strawberry tree plants, the T. atroviride strain identified on this study (Au50) was able to protect the plants against P. cinnamomi, thus proving its potential as a biological control agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Martins
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Veríssimo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Fusco V, Pasciuta V, Lumia V, Matere A, Battaglia V, Bertinelli G, Sansone D, Brunetti A, Pilotti M. Root and stem rot, and wilting of olive tree caused by Dematophora necatrix and associated with Emmia lacerata in Central Italy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 163:71-96. [PMID: 35095205 PMCID: PMC8783780 DOI: 10.1007/s10658-022-02458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lethal wilting was observed on young olive trees cv Favolosa in a grove in central Italy. White mycelial strands wrapped the basal portion of the stems that had been buried during planting. The bark was rotted and the xylem was discoloured. A fungal morphotype was strictly associated with symptomatic plants and identified as Dematophora (ex Rosellinia) necatrix. Pathogenicity tests on cvs Favolosa, Leccino and Ogliarola demonstrated that D. necatrix was the causal agent of the disease. Our investigations revealed that infections occurring during autumn and winter greatly favour the disease. By applying a marcottage to the inoculation point, we accelerated the course of the disease and mimicked the lethal outcome observed in the field. In in vitro tests, seven systemic (potential) fungicides strongly inhibited D. necatrix. Dentamet, Al-phosphite and Thiophanate methyl were selected to be tested in planta with a curative and preventive modality. Only Thiophanate methyl, in preventive modality, fully protected the plants from disease progression throughout the observation period. An additional fungal species was strictly associated with both diseased and apparently healthy plants. Morphological and molecular features identified the fungus as Emmia lacerata, a polypore species within the Irpicaceae, which is the agent of white rot on dead woody substrates. To our knowledge, this is the first time that E. lacerata has been reported in Italy and worldwide on olive trees. Inoculation of ‛Favolosa' trees revealed that it colonizes the xylem without causing visible alterations. The possible role of E. lacerata in the olive tree-D. necatrix pathosystem is discussed. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10658-022-02458-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fusco
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Pasciuta
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lumia
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Matere
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Battaglia
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bertinelli
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sansone
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Brunetti
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pilotti
- Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy
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Species diversity, taxonomy and multi-gene phylogeny of phlebioid clade (Phanerochaetaceae, Irpicaceae, Meruliaceae) of Polyporales. FUNGAL DIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00490-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Cao B, Haelewaters D, Schoutteten N, Begerow D, Boekhout T, Giachini AJ, Gorjón SP, Gunde-Cimerman N, Hyde KD, Kemler M, Li GJ, Liu DM, Liu XZ, Nuytinck J, Papp V, Savchenko A, Savchenko K, Tedersoo L, Theelen B, Thines M, Tomšovský M, Toome-Heller M, Urón JP, Verbeken A, Vizzini A, Yurkov AM, Zamora JC, Zhao RL. Delimiting species in Basidiomycota: a review. FUNGAL DIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00479-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Sauer S, Dlugosch L, Kammerer DR, Stintzing FC, Simon M. The Microbiome of the Medicinal Plants Achillea millefolium L. and Hamamelis virginiana L. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:696398. [PMID: 34354692 PMCID: PMC8329415 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.696398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the recent past many studies investigated the microbiome of plants including several medicinal plants (MP). Microbial communities of the associated soil, rhizosphere and the above-ground organs were included, but there is still limited information on their seasonal development, and in particular simultaneous investigations of different plant organs are lacking. Many studies predominantly addressed either the prokaryotic or fungal microbiome. A distinction of epi- and endophytic communities of above-ground plant organs has rarely been made. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of the bacterial and fungal microbiome of the MP Achillea millefolium and studied the epi- and endophytic microbial communities of leaves, flower buds and flowers between spring and summer together with the microbiome of the associated soil at one location. Further, we assessed the core microbiome of Achillea from four different locations at distances up to 250 km in southern Germany and Switzerland. In addition, the bacterial and fungal epi- and endophytic leaf microbiome of the arborescent shrub Hamamelis virginiana and the associated soil was investigated at one location. The results show a generally decreasing diversity of both microbial communities from soil to flower of Achillea. The diversity of the bacterial and fungal endophytic leaf communities of Achillea increased from April to July, whereas that of the epiphytic leaf communities decreased. In contrast, the diversity of the fungal communities of both leaf compartments and that of epiphytic bacteria of Hamamelis increased over time indicating plant-specific differences in the temporal development of microbial communities. Both MPs exhibited distinct microbial communities with plant-specific but also common taxa. The core taxa of Achillea constituted a lower fraction of the total number of taxa than of the total abundance of taxa. The results of our study provide a basis to link interactions of the microbiome with their host plant in relation to the production of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sauer
- WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Bad Boll, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Leon Dlugosch
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Meinhard Simon
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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Sharma A, Kaur R, Kaur J, Garg S, Bhatti R, Kaur A. An endophytic Schizophyllum commune Fr. exhibits in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. AMB Express 2021; 11:58. [PMID: 33881650 PMCID: PMC8060376 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01219-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at isolation of endophytic basidiomycetous fungi and evaluation of their in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential. Preliminary screening for in-vitro activity was carried out using α-glucosidase inhibition assay. An endophytic isolate Sch1 (isolated from Aloe vera), identified to be Schizophyllum commune Fr. on molecular basis, exhibiting more than 90% α-glucosidase inhibitiory activity was selected for further studies. Detailed in-vivo investigations for antidiabetic potential of ethyl acetate extract of S. commune (Sch1), at two different doses, were carried out in streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with S. commune extract caused significant decrease in blood glucose level and increase in body weight after 14 days experimental period. It significantly restored renal parameters including creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, fractional excretion of sodium, and potassium level in diabetic rats. Improvement in lipid profile and level of antioxidant parameters viz. reduced glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, and superoxide anion generation was also observed after treatment. Liver enzymes (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminases, and alkaline phosphatase) homeostasis was found to be markedly improved in diabetic rats administered with S. commune extract. The effects were more pronounced at higher concentration and comparable to acarbose which was used as positive control. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolics and terpenoids in the ethyl acetate extract. This is the first report highlighting the therapeutic potential of an endophytic S. commune in the management of diabetes.
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Oro V, Stanisavljevic R, Nikolic B, Tabakovic M, Secanski M, Tosi S. Diversity of Mycobiota Associated with the Cereal Cyst Nematode Heterodera filipjevi Originating from Some Localities of the Pannonian Plain in Serbia. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040283. [PMID: 33915683 PMCID: PMC8066589 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Heterodera filipjevi, the cereal cyst nematode, is one of the most globally recognized and economically important nematodes on wheat. As some other cyst nematodes that are plant root parasites, the cysts of H. filipjevi survive in soil for years and shelter a large number of microbes. The aims of this study were to investigate the diversity of mycobiota associated with the cereal cyst nematode H. filipjevi, to infer phylogenetic relationships of the found mycobiota, and to explore the ecological connection between fungi and the field history, including the potential of fungi in bioremediation and the production of novel bioactive compounds. The study showed that the fungal species associated with the H. filipjevi cysts belong to diverse phyla, including Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota. The members of Ascomycota (Fusarium avenaceum, Sarocladium kiliense, Setophoma terrestris) are plant parasites, indicating that crops were host plants for fungal infection of recent origin. The members of Basidiomycota (Bjerkandera adusta, Cerrena unicolor, Trametes hirsuta, etc.) are wood-decay fungi, the presence of which in agricultural soil indicates that forests were the preceding plants. Abstract Cereals, particularly wheat, are staple food of the people from the Balkans, dating back to the Neolithic age. In Serbia, cereals are predominantly grown in its northern part between 44° and 45.5° N of the Pannonian Plain. One of the most economically important nematodes on wheat is the cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi. Cysts of H. filipjevi survive in soil for years and shelter a large number of microorganisms. The aims of this study were to investigate the diversity of mycobiota associated with the cereal cyst nematode H. filipjevi, to infer phylogenetic relationships of the found mycobiota, and to explore the ecological connection between fungi and the field history, including the potential of fungi in bioremediation and the production of novel bioactive compounds. Cysts were isolated from soil samples with a Spears apparatus and collected on a 150-µm sieve. The cysts were placed on potato dextrose agar, and maintained for two weeks at 27°C. Following fungal isolation and colony growing, the fungal DNA was extracted, the ITS region was amplified, and PCR products were sequenced. The study showed that the isolated fungal species belong to diverse phyla, including Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota. Ascomycota is represented by the families Clavicipitaceae, Sarocladiaceae, Nectriaceae, and Phaeosphaeriaceae. Basidiomycota is represented by the families Cerrenaceae, Polyporaceae, Phanerochaetaceae, and Meruliaceae, and the order Cantharellales. The family Mortierellaceae represents Mucoromycota. The members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota both depict the field history. Ascomycota indicate the fungal infection is of recent origin, while Basidiomycota point toward the preceding host plants, enabling the plant field colonization history to be traced chronologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Oro
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (R.S.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-2660-049
| | - Rade Stanisavljevic
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (R.S.); (B.N.)
| | - Bogdan Nikolic
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (R.S.); (B.N.)
| | - Marijenka Tabakovic
- Agroecology and Cropping Practices Group, Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Mile Secanski
- Agroecology and Cropping Practices Group, Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Solveig Tosi
- Mycology Laboratory, Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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Del Carmen H Rodríguez M, Evans HC, de Abreu LM, de Macedo DM, Ndacnou MK, Bekele KB, Barreto RW. New species and records of Trichoderma isolated as mycoparasites and endophytes from cultivated and wild coffee in Africa. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5671. [PMID: 33707461 PMCID: PMC7952591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A survey for species of the genus Trichoderma occurring as endophytes of Coffea, and as mycoparasites of coffee rusts (Hemileia), was undertaken in Africa; concentrating on Cameroon and Ethiopia. Ninety-four isolates of Trichoderma were obtained during this study: 76 as endophytes of healthy leaves, stems and berries and, 18 directly from colonized rust pustules. A phylogenetic analysis of all isolates used a combination of three genes: translation elongation factor-1α (tef1), rpb2 and cal for selected isolates. GCPSR criteria were used for the recognition of species; supported by morphological and cultural characters. The results reveal a previously unrecorded diversity of Trichoderma species endophytic in both wild and cultivated Coffea, and mycoparasitic on Hemileia rusts. Sixteen species were delimited, including four novel taxa which are described herein: T. botryosum, T. caeruloviride, T. lentissimum and T. pseudopyramidale. Two of these new species, T. botryosum and T. pseudopyramidale, constituted over 60% of the total isolations, predominantly from wild C. arabica in Ethiopian cloud forest. In sharp contrast, not a single isolate of Trichoderma was obtained using the same isolation protocol during a survey of coffee in four Brazilian states, suggesting the existence of a 'Trichoderma void' in the endophyte mycobiota of coffee outside of Africa. The potential use of these African Trichoderma isolates in classical biological control, either as endophytic bodyguards-to protect coffee plants from Hemileia vastatrix, the fungus causing coffee leaf rust (CLR)-or to reduce its impact through mycoparasitism, is discussed, with reference to the on-going CLR crisis in Central America.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harry C Evans
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
- CAB International, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, UK.
| | - Lucas M de Abreu
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Davi M de Macedo
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Miraine K Ndacnou
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
- IRAD-Institut de Recheche Agricole pour le Developpement, BP 2067, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Kifle B Bekele
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P.O. Box 397, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Ethiopian Institute of Agriculture Research, P.O. Box 192, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Robert W Barreto
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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22
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Hage H, Miyauchi S, Virágh M, Drula E, Min B, Chaduli D, Navarro D, Favel A, Norest M, Lesage-Meessen L, Bálint B, Merényi Z, de Eugenio L, Morin E, Martínez AT, Baldrian P, Štursová M, Martínez MJ, Novotny C, Magnuson JK, Spatafora JW, Maurice S, Pangilinan J, Andreopoulos W, LaButti K, Hundley H, Na H, Kuo A, Barry K, Lipzen A, Henrissat B, Riley R, Ahrendt S, Nagy LG, Grigoriev IV, Martin F, Rosso MN. Gene family expansions and transcriptome signatures uncover fungal adaptations to wood decay. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:5716-5732. [PMID: 33538380 PMCID: PMC8596683 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Because they comprise some of the most efficient wood‐decayers, Polyporales fungi impact carbon cycling in forest environment. Despite continuous discoveries on the enzymatic machinery involved in wood decomposition, the vision on their evolutionary adaptation to wood decay and genome diversity remains incomplete. We combined the genome sequence information from 50 Polyporales species, including 26 newly sequenced genomes and sought for genomic and functional adaptations to wood decay through the analysis of genome composition and transcriptome responses to different carbon sources. The genomes of Polyporales from different phylogenetic clades showed poor conservation in macrosynteny, indicative of genome rearrangements. We observed different gene family expansion/contraction histories for plant cell wall degrading enzymes in core polyporoids and phlebioids and captured expansions for genes involved in signalling and regulation in the lineages of white rotters. Furthermore, we identified conserved cupredoxins, thaumatin‐like proteins and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases with a yet uncharacterized appended module as new candidate players in wood decomposition. Given the current need for enzymatic toolkits dedicated to the transformation of renewable carbon sources, the observed genomic diversity among Polyporales strengthens the relevance of mining Polyporales biodiversity to understand the molecular mechanisms of wood decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Hage
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Shingo Miyauchi
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France.,Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Köln, Germany
| | - Máté Virágh
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Elodie Drula
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France.,INRAE, USC1408, AFMB, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Byoungnam Min
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Delphine Chaduli
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France.,INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, CIRM-CF, UMR1163, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - David Navarro
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France.,INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, CIRM-CF, UMR1163, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Anne Favel
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France.,INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, CIRM-CF, UMR1163, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Manon Norest
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Laurence Lesage-Meessen
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France.,INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, CIRM-CF, UMR1163, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Balázs Bálint
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Merényi
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Laura de Eugenio
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Emmanuelle Morin
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Champenoux, 54280, France
| | - Angel T Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Petr Baldrian
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 4, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Štursová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 4, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - María Jesús Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Cenek Novotny
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 4, 142 20, Czech Republic.,University of Ostrava, Ostrava, 701 03, Czech Republic
| | - Jon K Magnuson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Joey W Spatafora
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Sundy Maurice
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
| | - Jasmyn Pangilinan
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Willian Andreopoulos
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kurt LaButti
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hope Hundley
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Na
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Alan Kuo
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kerrie Barry
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Anna Lipzen
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bernard Henrissat
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Riley
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Steven Ahrendt
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - László G Nagy
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.,Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Igor V Grigoriev
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Francis Martin
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Champenoux, 54280, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Rosso
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, 13009, France
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Ahmed SA, de Hoog S, Kim J, Crozier J, Thomas SE, Stielow B, Stevens DA. Gloeostereum cimri, a novel shelf fungus isolated from a human pulmonary cyst. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 9:1114-1122. [PMID: 32475225 PMCID: PMC8284975 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1769499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous basidiomycetes are uncommon agents of human diseases, despite their ubiquitous presence in the environment. We present a case of symptomatic pulmonary infection in a 38-year-old male with cough and fever; a thin-walled cyst in the posterior left upper pulmonary lobe was revealed by radiography. A non-sporulating fungus was isolated from sputum and biopsy material from the cyst. ITS and LSU sequences placed the fungus phylogenetically in Agaricales, family Cyphellaceae, and identified it as a member of shelf fungi in Gloeostereum, but without identity to any known species. The new species is described as Gloeostereum cimri. The clinical strain showed high MIC to voriconazole (>8 µg/ml) but had low MIC to amphotericin B (0.5 µg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Ahmed
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Foundation Atlas of Clinical Fungi, Hilversum, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Foundation Atlas of Clinical Fungi, Hilversum, The Netherlands.,Expertise Center in Mycology Radboud University Medical Center, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Janet Kim
- Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - David A Stevens
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA, USA
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Fungal Endophytes from Orchidaceae: Diversity and Applications. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gryzenhout M, Ghosh S, Tchotet Tchoumi JM, Vermeulen M, Kinge TR. Ganoderma: Diversity, Ecological Significances, and Potential Applications in Industry and Allied Sectors. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67561-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Vaz ABM, Fonseca PLC, Silva FF, Quintanilha-Peixoto G, Sampedro I, Siles JA, Carmo A, Kato RB, Azevedo V, Badotti F, Ocampo JA, Rosa CA, Góes-Neto A. Foliar mycoendophytome of an endemic plant of the Mediterranean biome (Myrtus communis) reveals the dominance of basidiomycete woody saprotrophs. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10487. [PMID: 33344092 PMCID: PMC7719295 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The true myrtle, Myrtus communis, is a small perennial evergreen tree that occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia with a circum-Mediterranean geographic distribution. Unfortunately, the Mediterranean Forests, where M. communis occurs, are critically endangered and are currently restricted to small fragmented areas in protected conservation units. In the present work, we performed, for the first time, a metabarcoding study on the spatial variation of fungal community structure in the foliar endophytome of this endemic plant of the Mediterranean biome, using bipartite network analysis as a model. The local bipartite network of Myrtus communis individuals and their foliar endophytic fungi is very low connected, with low nestedness, and moderately high specialization and modularity. Similar network patterns were also retrieved in both culture-dependent and amplicon metagenomics of foliar endophytes in distinct arboreal hosts in varied biomes. Furthermore, the majority of putative fungal endophytes species were basidiomycete woody saprotrophs of the orders Polyporales, Agaricales, and Hymenochaetales. Altogether, these findings suggest a possible adaptation of these wood-decaying fungi to cope with moisture limitation and spatial scarcity of their primary substrate (dead wood), which are totally consistent with the predictions of the viaphytism hypothesis that wood-decomposing fungi inhabit the internal leaf tissue of forest trees in order to enhance dispersal to substrates on the forest floor, by using leaves as vectors and as refugia, during periods of environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Bruna M Vaz
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula Luize C Fonseca
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Felipe F Silva
- Graduate Program of Bioinformatics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Quintanilha-Peixoto
- Graduate Program of Bioinformatics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Inmaculada Sampedro
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain
| | - Jose A Siles
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain
| | - Anderson Carmo
- Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B Kato
- Graduate Program of Bioinformatics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Badotti
- Department of Chemistry, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juan A Ocampo
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos A Rosa
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Araújo KS, Brito VN, Veloso TGR, de Leite TS, Alves JL, da Hora Junior BT, Moreno HLA, Pereira OL, Mizubuti ESG, de Queiroz MV. Diversity and distribution of endophytic fungi in different tissues of Hevea brasiliensis native to the Brazilian Amazon forest. Mycol Prog 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-020-01613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abdelrazek S, Choudhari S, Thimmapuram J, Simon P, Colley M, Mengiste T, Hoagland L. Changes in the core endophytic mycobiome of carrot taproots in response to crop management and genotype. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13685. [PMID: 32792547 PMCID: PMC7426841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes can influence production and post-harvest challenges in carrot, though the identity of these microbes as well as factors affecting their composition have not yet been determined, which prevents growers from managing these organisms to improve crop performance. Consequently, we characterized the endophytic mycobiome in the taproots of three carrot genotypes that vary in resistance to two pathogens grown in a trial comparing organic and conventional crop management using Illumina sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene. A total of 1,480 individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. Most were consistent across samples, indicating that they are part of a core mycobiome, though crop management influenced richness and diversity, likely in response to differences in soil properties. There were also differences in individual OTUs among genotypes and the nematode resistant genotype was most responsive to management system indicating that it has greater control over its endophytic mycobiome, which could potentially play a role in resistance. Members of the Ascomycota were most dominant, though the exact function of most taxa remains unclear. Future studies aimed at overcoming difficulties associated with isolating fungal endophytes are needed to identify these microbes at the species level and elucidate their specific functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Abdelrazek
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sulbha Choudhari
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.,Bioinformatics Core, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Philipp Simon
- USDA-ARS Agriculture Research Service, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Tesfaye Mengiste
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Lori Hoagland
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Zanne AE, Powell JR, Flores-Moreno H, Kiers ET, van 't Padje A, Cornwell WK. Finding fungal ecological strategies: Is recycling an option? FUNGAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2019.100902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Santos C, Santos da Silva BN, Amorim Ferreira e Ferreira AFT, Santos C, Lima N, da Silva Bentes JL. Fungal Endophytic Community Associated with Guarana ( Paullinia cupana Var. Sorbilis): Diversity Driver by Genotypes in the Centre of Origin. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E123. [PMID: 32751796 PMCID: PMC7558939 DOI: 10.3390/jof6030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Guarana plant is a native of the Amazon region. Due to its high amount of caffeine and tannins, the seed has medicinal and stimulating properties. The guarana industry has grown exponentially in recent years; however, little information is available about associated mycobiota, particularly endophytic fungi. The present study aimed to compare the distribution and diversity of endophytic fungi associated with the leaves and seeds of anthracnose-resistant and susceptible guarana plants produced in Maués and Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. A total of 7514 endophytic fungi were isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar, Sabouraud and Czapek media, and grouped into 77 morphological groups. Overall, fungal communities in guarana leaves and seeds were mainly composed by Colletotrichum and Fusarium genera, but also by Chondrostereum, Clonostachys, Curvularia, Hypomontagnella, Lentinus, Neopestalotiopsis, Nigrospora, Peroneutypa, Phyllosticta, Simplicillium and Tinctoporellus. Obtained results indicate that some members of Colletotrichum and Fusarium genera may have experienced dysbiosis during the guarana domestication process, suggesting that some individuals may behave as latent pathogens. The susceptible guarana genotype cultivated in Manaus presented higher fungal diversity. The relative abundance of taxa and diversity among samples suggests that communities are structured by genotype and geographic location. This is the first report of mycobiota in both guarana leaves and seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santos
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Micoteca da Universidade do Minho, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Blenda Naara Santos da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agronomy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus-AM 69067-005, Brazil; (B.N.S.d.S.); (A.F.T.A.F.eF.); (J.L.d.S.B.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | | | - Cledir Santos
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | - Nelson Lima
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Micoteca da Universidade do Minho, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Jânia Lília da Silva Bentes
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agronomy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus-AM 69067-005, Brazil; (B.N.S.d.S.); (A.F.T.A.F.eF.); (J.L.d.S.B.)
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Wang C, Masoudi A, Wang M, Yang J, Shen R, Man M, Yu Z, Liu J. Community structure and diversity of the microbiomes of two microhabitats at the root-soil interface: implications of meta-analysis of the root-zone soil and root endosphere microbial communities in Xiong'an New Area. Can J Microbiol 2020; 66:605-622. [PMID: 32526152 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The diversity of the microbial compositions of the root-zone soil (the rhizosphere-surrounding soil) and root endosphere (all inner root tissues) of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. and Ginkgo biloba L. were evaluated in Xiong'an New Area using high-throughput sequencing; the influence of the soil edaphic parameters on microbial community compositions was also evaluated. Our results showed that both the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities of the root endosphere were lower than those of the root-zone soil, but the variation in the endosphere microbial community structure was remarkably higher than that of the root-zone soil. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphate, total potassium, ratio of carbon to nitrogen, and pH significantly explained the α-diversity of the bacterial community and that total nitrogen differentially contributed to the α-diversity of the fungal community. Variation partitioning analysis showed that plant species had a greater influence on microbial composition variations than did any other soil property, although soil chemical parameters explained more variation when integrated. Together, our results suggest that both plant species and soil chemical parameters played a critical role in shaping the microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
| | - Abolfazl Masoudi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
| | - Jia Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
| | - Ruowen Shen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
| | - Meng Man
- Library of Hebei Normal University, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
| | - Jingze Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China
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33
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Jia Q, Qu J, Mu H, Sun H, Wu C. Foliar endophytic fungi: diversity in species and functions in forest ecosystems. Symbiosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-019-00663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Chen CC, Chen CY, Lim YW, Wu SH. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Ceriporia and other related taxa and description of three new species. Mycologia 2020; 112:64-82. [PMID: 31906813 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1664097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Species of Ceriporia (Irpicaceae, Basidiomycota) are saprotrophs or endophytes in forest ecosystems. To evaluate the taxonomy and generic relationships of Ceriporia and other related taxa, we used morphology and multigene phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data from nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) region, nuc 28S rDNA (28S), and RNA polymerase II largest subunit (rpb1). Our results show that Ceriporia sensu lato is polyphyletic and distributed across multiple clades in the Irpicaceae, Phanerochaetaceae, and Meruliaceae. Some species previously considered in Ceriporia are now recovered in Meruliopsis, resulting in four new combinations: M. albomellea, M. crassitunicata, M. nanlingensis, and M. pseudocystidiata. Two new species of Meruliopsis are described: M. leptocystidiata from northeast China and South Korea and M. parvispora from Taiwan. Ceriporia arbuscula is described as a new species from Taiwan. Ceriporia mellita and Meruliopsis nanlingensis are newly recorded from Japan and Taiwan, and M. taxicola is recorded from Taiwan for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Chih Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Young Woon Lim
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.,Department of Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung 40419, Taiwan
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35
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Zanne AE, Abarenkov K, Afkhami ME, Aguilar-Trigueros CA, Bates S, Bhatnagar JM, Busby PE, Christian N, Cornwell WK, Crowther TW, Flores-Moreno H, Floudas D, Gazis R, Hibbett D, Kennedy P, Lindner DL, Maynard DS, Milo AM, Nilsson RH, Powell J, Schildhauer M, Schilling J, Treseder KK. Fungal functional ecology: bringing a trait-based approach to plant-associated fungi. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 95:409-433. [PMID: 31763752 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fungi play many essential roles in ecosystems. They facilitate plant access to nutrients and water, serve as decay agents that cycle carbon and nutrients through the soil, water and atmosphere, and are major regulators of macro-organismal populations. Although technological advances are improving the detection and identification of fungi, there still exist key gaps in our ecological knowledge of this kingdom, especially related to function. Trait-based approaches have been instrumental in strengthening our understanding of plant functional ecology and, as such, provide excellent models for deepening our understanding of fungal functional ecology in ways that complement insights gained from traditional and -omics-based techniques. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge of fungal functional ecology, taxonomy and systematics and introduce a novel database of fungal functional traits (FunFun ). FunFun is built to interface with other databases to explore and predict how fungal functional diversity varies by taxonomy, guild, and other evolutionary or ecological grouping variables. To highlight how a quantitative trait-based approach can provide new insights, we describe multiple targeted examples and end by suggesting next steps in the rapidly growing field of fungal functional ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Zanne
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, U.S.A
| | - Kessy Abarenkov
- Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Michelle E Afkhami
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, U.S.A
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Trigueros
- Freie Universität-Berlin, Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Scott Bates
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Northwest, Westville, IN, 46391, U.S.A
| | | | - Posy E Busby
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97330, U.S.A
| | - Natalie Christian
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A.,Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40208, U.S.A
| | - William K Cornwell
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Habacuc Flores-Moreno
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, and Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, U.S.A
| | - Dimitrios Floudas
- Microbial Ecology Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Romina Gazis
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tropical Research & Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, U.S.A
| | - David Hibbett
- Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA, 01610, U.S.A
| | - Peter Kennedy
- Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, U.S.A
| | - Daniel L Lindner
- US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Center for Forest Mycology Research, Madison, Wisconsin, WI, 53726, U.S.A
| | - Daniel S Maynard
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Amy M Milo
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, U.S.A
| | - Rolf Henrik Nilsson
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jeff Powell
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia
| | - Mark Schildhauer
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA, 93101, U.S.A
| | - Jonathan Schilling
- Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, U.S.A
| | - Kathleen K Treseder
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, U.S.A
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Relationships between endophytic and pathogenic strains of Inonotus (Basidiomycota) and Daldinia (Ascomycota) from urban trees. Mycol Prog 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-019-01514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Christian N, Herre EA, Clay K. Foliar endophytic fungi alter patterns of nitrogen uptake and distribution in Theobroma cacao. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:1573-1583. [PMID: 30664252 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Colonization by foliar endophytic fungi can affect the expression of host plant defenses and other ecologically important traits. However, whether endophyte colonization affects the uptake or redistribution of resources within and among host plant tissues remains unstudied. We inoculated leaves of Theobroma cacao with four common colonizers that range in their effect from protective to pathogenic (Colletotrichum tropicale, Pestalotiopsis sp., Colletotrichum theobromicola, or Phytophthora palmivora). We pulsed the soil with nitrogen-15 (15 N) and then traced 15 N uptake and its subsequent distribution to whole plants and individual leaves. At a whole-plant level, C. tropicale-inoculated plants showed significantly greater 15 N uptake than endophyte-free plants did in the same pot. Among leaves within plants, younger leaves were particularly enriched in 15 N, but endophyte inoculation at the individual leaf level did not alter 15 N distribution within plants. However, leaves co-inoculated with pathogenic Phytophthora and protective C. tropicale experienced significantly elevated 15 N content as pathogen damage increased, compared with leaves inoculated only with the pathogen. Further, endophyte-pathogen co-infection also increased total plant biomass. Our results indicate that colonization by foliar endophytes significantly affects N uptake and distribution among and within host plants in ways that appear to be context dependent on other microbiome components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Christian
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois, 505 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Evolution, Ecology and Behavior Program, Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. 3rd St., Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Edward Allen Herre
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Unit 9100 Box 0948, Miami, FL, 34002-9998, USA
| | - Keith Clay
- Evolution, Ecology and Behavior Program, Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. 3rd St., Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Ave., New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
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Yao H, Sun X, He C, Maitra P, Li XC, Guo LD. Phyllosphere epiphytic and endophytic fungal community and network structures differ in a tropical mangrove ecosystem. MICROBIOME 2019; 7:57. [PMID: 30967154 PMCID: PMC6456958 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Revealing the relationship between plants and fungi is very important in understanding biodiversity maintenance, community stability, and ecosystem functioning. However, differences in the community and network structures of phyllosphere epiphytic and endophytic fungi are currently poorly documented. In this study, we examined epiphytic and endophytic fungal communities associated with the leaves of six mangrove species using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences. RESULTS A total of 635 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of endophytic and epiphytic fungi were obtained at a 97% sequence similarity level; they were dominated by Dothideomycetes and Tremellomycetes. Plant identity had a significant effect on the OTU richness of endophytic fungi, but not on epiphytic fungi. The community composition of epiphytic and endophytic fungi was significantly different, and plant identity had a greater effect on endophytic fungi than on epiphytic fungi. Network analysis showed that both epiphytic and endophytic network structures were characterized by significantly highly specialized and modular but lowly connected and anti-nested properties. Furthermore, the endophytic network had higher levels of specialization and modularity but lower connectance and stronger anti-nestedness than the epiphytic network. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that the phyllosphere epiphytic and endophytic fungal communities differ, and plant identity has a greater effect on the endophytic fungi than on epiphytic fungi. These findings demonstrate the role of host plant identity in driving phyllosphere epiphytic and endophytic community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pulak Maitra
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang-Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
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Senwanna C, Hyde KD, Phookamsak R, E B Gareth Jones, Cheewangkoon R. Coryneumheveanum sp. nov. (Coryneaceae, Diaporthales) on twigs of Para rubber in Thailand. MycoKeys 2018:75-90. [PMID: 30574012 PMCID: PMC6292983 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.43.29365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During studies of microfungi on para rubber in Thailand, we collected a new Coryneum species on twigs which we introduce herein as C.heveanum with support from phylogenetic analyses of LSU, ITS and TEF1 sequence data and morphological characters. Coryneumheveanum is distinct from other known taxa by its conidial measurements, number of pseudosepta and lack of a hyaline tip to the apical cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanokned Senwanna
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Kevin D Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.,Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rungtiwa Phookamsak
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.,Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - E B Gareth Jones
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Kaliane SA, Vanessa NB, Tomás GRV, Tiago DSL, Olinto LP, Eduardo SGM, Marisa VDQ. Diversity of culturable endophytic fungi of Hevea guianensis: A latex producer native tree from the Brazilian Amazon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.5897/ajmr2018.8980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Loyd AL, Linder ER, Anger NA, Richter BS, Blanchette RA, Smith JA. Pathogenicity of Ganoderma Species on Landscape Trees in the Southeastern United States. PLANT DISEASE 2018; 102:1944-1949. [PMID: 30088787 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-18-0338-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ganoderma contains species that are associated with dead and declining host trees. Many species have been described as pathogens in literature, because anecdotally, the presence of fruiting bodies on living trees has been widely associated with a general decline in tree health. Few studies have investigated the pathogenicity of Ganoderma species on landscape trees in the southeastern U.S. Pathogenicity tests were used to determine the pathogenicity of G. curtisii, G. meredithiae, G. sessile, and G. zonatum on young, healthy landscape trees (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii, P. taeda, Quercus shumardii, Q. virginiana, and Butia odorata) common to the southeastern U.S. Inoculations were made by drilling into the sapwood of the lower bole and inserting wooden dowels that were infested with each Ganoderma species. In two field experiments, 11 to 12 months post inoculation, trees had no visual, external symptoms of disease. There were differences in the extent of internal xylem discoloration near the site of inoculation in comparison with the mock-inoculated control in experiment 1, but there were no differences relative to the control in experiment 2. In both experiments, G. sessile was the only species that was successfully reisolated from the pine and oak hosts. Although disease symptoms were not obvious, the reisolation of G. sessile outside the inoculation point was a significant finding, and suggests that this species was capable of infecting healthy sapwood. G. sessile constitutively produces chlamydospores within its vegetative mycelium, which may contribute to its persistence in the discolored sapwood. These data suggest that the Ganoderma species tested, following trunk wounding, are not pathogens of young, actively growing landscape trees that only possess sapwood. The establishment of these fungi using alternative infection courts (e.g., roots) and their interactions in older living trees (e.g., trees with heartwood) needs investigation to better understand their effects on tree health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Loyd
- University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Eric R Linder
- University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Nicolas A Anger
- University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Brantlee S Richter
- University of Florida, Plant Pathology Department, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | | | - Jason A Smith
- University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, FL 32611
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Loyd AL, Held BW, Linder ER, Smith JA, Blanchette RA. Elucidating wood decomposition by four species of Ganoderma from the United States. Fungal Biol 2018; 122:254-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dornburg A, Townsend JP, Wang Z. Maximizing Power in Phylogenetics and Phylogenomics: A Perspective Illuminated by Fungal Big Data. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2017; 100:1-47. [PMID: 29153398 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since its original inception over 150 years ago by Darwin, we have made tremendous progress toward the reconstruction of the Tree of Life. In particular, the transition from analyzing datasets comprised of small numbers of loci to those comprised of hundreds of loci, if not entire genomes, has aided in resolving some of the most vexing of evolutionary problems while giving us a new perspective on biodiversity. Correspondingly, phylogenetic trees have taken a central role in fields that span ecology, conservation, and medicine. However, the rise of big data has also presented phylogenomicists with a new set of challenges to experimental design, quantitative analyses, and computation. The sequencing of a number of very first genomes presented significant challenges to phylogenetic inference, leading fungal phylogenomicists to begin addressing pitfalls and postulating solutions to the issues that arise from genome-scale analyses relevant to any lineage across the Tree of Life. Here we highlight insights from fungal phylogenomics for topics including systematics and species delimitation, ecological and phenotypic diversification, and biogeography while providing an overview of progress made on the reconstruction of the fungal Tree of Life. Finally, we provide a review of considerations to phylogenomic experimental design for robust tree inference. We hope that this special issue of Advances in Genetics not only excites the continued progress of fungal evolutionary biology but also motivates the interdisciplinary development of new theory and methods designed to maximize the power of genomic scale data in phylogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Dornburg
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | | | - Zheng Wang
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
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Justo A, Miettinen O, Floudas D, Ortiz-Santana B, Sjökvist E, Lindner D, Nakasone K, Niemelä T, Larsson KH, Ryvarden L, Hibbett DS. A revised family-level classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota). Fungal Biol 2017; 121:798-824. [PMID: 28800851 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyporales is strongly supported as a clade of Agaricomycetes, but the lack of a consensus higher-level classification within the group is a barrier to further taxonomic revision. We amplified nrLSU, nrITS, and rpb1 genes across the Polyporales, with a special focus on the latter. We combined the new sequences with molecular data generated during the PolyPEET project and performed Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Analyses of our final 3-gene dataset (292 Polyporales taxa) provide a phylogenetic overview of the order that we translate here into a formal family-level classification. Eighteen clades are assigned a family name, including three families described as new (Cerrenaceae fam. nov., Gelatoporiaceae fam. nov., Panaceae fam. nov.) and fifteen others (Dacryobolaceae, Fomitopsidaceae, Grifolaceae, Hyphodermataceae, Incrustoporiaceae, Irpicaceae, Ischnodermataceae, Laetiporaceae, Meripilaceae, Meruliaceae, Phanerochaetaceae, Podoscyphaceae, Polyporaceae, Sparassidaceae, Steccherinaceae). Three clades are given informal names (/hypochnicium,/climacocystis and/fibroporia + amyloporia). Four taxa (Candelabrochete africana, Mycoleptodonoides vassiljevae, Auriporia aurea, and Tyromyces merulinus) cannot be assigned to a family within the Polyporales. The classification proposed here provides a framework for further taxonomic revision and will facilitate communication among applied and basic scientists. A survey of morphological, anatomical, physiological, and genetic traits confirms the plasticity of characters previously emphasized in taxonomy of Polyporales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Justo
- Department of Biology, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, 01610, MA, USA.
| | - Otto Miettinen
- Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Dimitrios Floudas
- Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Beatriz Ortiz-Santana
- Center for Forest Mycology Research, US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, 53726, WI, USA.
| | - Elisabet Sjökvist
- Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh Campus, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK.
| | - Daniel Lindner
- Center for Forest Mycology Research, US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, 53726, WI, USA.
| | - Karen Nakasone
- Center for Forest Mycology Research, US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, 53726, WI, USA.
| | - Tuomo Niemelä
- Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Karl-Henrik Larsson
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172, Blindern, NO 0318, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Leif Ryvarden
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - David S Hibbett
- Department of Biology, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, 01610, MA, USA.
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Metabolite analysis of endophytic fungi from cultivars of Zingiber officinale Rosc. identifies myriad of bioactive compounds including tyrosol. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:146. [PMID: 28597159 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi associated with rhizomes of four cultivars of Zingiber officinale were identified by molecular and morphological methods and evaluated for their activity against soft rot pathogen Pythium myriotylum and clinical pathogens. The volatile bioactive metabolites produced by these isolates were identified by GC-MS analysis of the fungal crude extracts. Understanding of the metabolites produced by endophytes is also important in the context of raw consumption of ginger as medicine and spice. A total of fifteen isolates were identified from the four varieties studied. The various genera identified were Acremonium sp., Gliocladiopsis sp., Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Aspergillus sp., Phlebia sp., Earliella sp., and Pseudolagarobasidium sp. The endophytic community was unique to each variety, which could be due to the varying host genotype. Fungi from phylum Basidiomycota were identified for the first time from ginger. Seven isolates showed activity against Pythium, while only two showed antibacterial activity. The bioactive metabolites identified in the fungal crude extracts include tyrosol, benzene acetic acid, ergone, dehydromevalonic lactone, N-aminopyrrolidine, and many bioactive fatty acids and their derivatives which included linoleic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, palmitic acid methyl ester, and methyl linoleate. The presence of these varying bioactive endophytic fungi may be one of the reasons for the differences in the performance of the different ginger varieties.
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Gan H, Churchill ACL, Wickings K. Invisible but consequential: root endophytic fungi have variable effects on belowground plant-insect interactions. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Gan
- Department of Entomology; NY State Agricultural Experiment Station; Cornell University; Geneva New York 14456 USA
| | - Alice C. L. Churchill
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section; School of Integrative Plant Science; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Kyle Wickings
- Department of Entomology; NY State Agricultural Experiment Station; Cornell University; Geneva New York 14456 USA
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Comby M, Lacoste S, Baillieul F, Profizi C, Dupont J. Spatial and Temporal Variation of Cultivable Communities of Co-occurring Endophytes and Pathogens in Wheat. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:403. [PMID: 27065969 PMCID: PMC4814462 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the diversity of endogenous microbes from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and to study the structure of its microbial communities, with the ultimate goal to provide candidate strains for future evaluation as potential biological control agents against wheat diseases. We sampled plants from two wheat cultivars, Apache and Caphorn, showing different levels of susceptibility to Fusarium head blight, a major disease of wheat, and tested for variation in microbial diversity and assemblages depending on the host cultivar, host organ (aerial organs vs. roots) or host maturity. Fungi and bacteria were isolated using a culture dependent method. Isolates were identified using ribosomal DNA sequencing and we used diversity analysis to study the community composition of microorganisms over space and time. Results indicate great species diversity in wheat, with endophytes and pathogens co-occurring inside plant tissues. Significant differences in microbial communities were observed according to host maturity and host organs but we did not find clear differences between host cultivars. Some species isolated have not yet been reported as wheat endophytes and among all species recovered some might be good candidates as biological control agents, given their known effects toward plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Comby
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité-UMR 7205-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum National D'histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne UniversitésParis, France; UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles-Laboratoire de Stress Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la HousseReims, France
| | - Sandrine Lacoste
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité-UMR 7205-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum National D'histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Baillieul
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles-Laboratoire de Stress Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse Reims, France
| | | | - Joëlle Dupont
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité-UMR 7205-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum National D'histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
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