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Tarallo V, Magliacane Trotta S, Panico S, D'Orsi L, Mercadante G, Cicatiello V, De Falco S. PlGF and VEGF-A/PlGF Heterodimer are Crucial for Recruitment and Activation of Immune Cells During Choroid Neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:12. [PMID: 38967942 PMCID: PMC11232896 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.8.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, such as retinal microglia/macrophages, in the subretinal space contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study aims to explore the functional role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), placental growth factor (PlGF) and VEGF-A/PlGF heterodimer in immune homeostasis and activation during pathological laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Methods To investigate these roles, we utilized the PlGF-DE knockin (KI) mouse model, which is the full functional knockout (KO) of PlGF. In this model, mice express a variant of PlGF, named PlGF-DE, that is unable to bind and activate VEGFR-1 but can still form heterodimer with VEGF-A. Results Our findings demonstrate that, although there is no difference in healthy conditions, PlGF-DE-KI mice exhibit decreased microglia reactivity and reduced recruitment of both microglia and monocyte-macrophages, compared to wild-type mice during laser-induced CNV. This impairment is associated with a reduction in VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR-1) phosphorylation in the retinae of PlGF-DE-KI mice compared to C57Bl6/J mice. Corroborating these data, intravitreal delivery of PlGF or VEGF-A/PlGF heterodimer in PlGF-DE-KI mice rescued the immune cell response at the early phase of CNV compared to VEGF-A delivery. Conclusions In summary, our study suggests that targeting PlGF and the VEGF-A/PlGF heterodimer, thereby preventing VEGFR-1 activation, could represent a potential therapeutic approach for the management of inflammatory processes in diseases such as AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Tarallo
- Angiogenesis Lab, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Magliacane Trotta
- Angiogenesis Lab, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Panico
- Angiogenesis Lab, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca D'Orsi
- Angiogenesis Lab, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR, Naples, Italy
- BIOVIIIx srl, Via Alessandro Manzoni 1, Napoli, Italy
| | - Grazia Mercadante
- Angiogenesis Lab, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Cicatiello
- Angiogenesis Lab, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Angiogenesis Lab, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR, Naples, Italy
- BIOVIIIx srl, Via Alessandro Manzoni 1, Napoli, Italy
- AnBition srl, Via Alessandro Manzoni 1, Napoli, Italy
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Javandoust Gharehbagh F, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Yousefzadeh Y. Immunological mechanisms in preeclampsia: A narrative review. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 164:104282. [PMID: 38901108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Maternal immunologic mechanisms for tolerance are essential for a successful pregnancy because they prevent maladaptive immune responses to the placenta and semi-allogeneic fetus and promote fetal growth. Preeclampsia is a major global cause of fetal mortality and morbidity. It is characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria that occurs at twenty weeks of pregnancy or later. Preeclampsia is defined by a rise in cytokines that are pro-inflammatory and antiangiogenic components in the fetoplacental unit and the vascular endothelium of pregnant women, as well as an excessive and increasing stimulation of the immune system. Crucially, inflammation can result in low birth weight and inadequate placental perfusion in neonates. Preeclampsia, which is ultimately connected to inflammatory responses, can be impacted by several immunological mechanisms. Our goal in this work was to compile the most recent research on the pathoimmunology of preeclampsia, including studies on angiogenic variables and, in particular, immunological components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Reddy SK, Devi V, Seetharaman ATM, Shailaja S, Bhat KMR, Gangaraju R, Upadhya D. Cell and molecular targeted therapies for diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1416668. [PMID: 38948520 PMCID: PMC11211264 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1416668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) stands as a prevalent complication in the eye resulting from diabetes mellitus, predominantly associated with high blood sugar levels and hypertension as individuals age. DR is a severe microvascular complication of both type I and type II diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of vision impairment. The critical approach to combatting and halting the advancement of DR lies in effectively managing blood glucose and blood pressure levels in diabetic patients; however, this is seldom achieved. Both human and animal studies have revealed the intricate nature of this condition involving various cell types and molecules. Aside from photocoagulation, the sole therapy targeting VEGF molecules in the retina to prevent abnormal blood vessel growth is intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. However, a substantial portion of cases, approximately 30-40%, do not respond to this treatment. This review explores distinctive pathophysiological phenomena of DR and identifiable cell types and molecules that could be targeted to mitigate the chronic changes occurring in the retina due to diabetes mellitus. Addressing the significant research gap in this domain is imperative to broaden the treatment options available for managing DR effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivakumar K. Reddy
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Amritha T. M. Seetharaman
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - S. Shailaja
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kumar M. R. Bhat
- Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rajashekhar Gangaraju
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Dinesh Upadhya
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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4
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Hristovska I, Binette AP, Kumar A, Gaiteri C, Karlsson L, Strandberg O, Janelidze S, van Westen D, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, Ossenkoppele R, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Vogel JW, Hansson O. Identification of distinct and shared biomarker panels in different manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease through proteomic profiling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.10.24308599. [PMID: 38947084 PMCID: PMC11213103 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.10.24308599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology underlying various manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) remains obscure. Using cerebrospinal fluid proximity extension assays and co-expression network analysis of 2,943 proteins, we found common and distinct proteomic signatures between white matter lesions (WML), microbleeds and infarcts measured in 856 living patients, and validated WML-associated proteins in three additional datasets. Proteins indicative of extracellular matrix dysregulation and vascular remodeling, including ELN, POSTN, CCN2 and MMP12 were elevated across all cSVD manifestations, with MMP12 emerging as an early cSVD indicator. cSVD-associated proteins formed a co-abundance network linked to metabolism and enriched in endothelial and arterial smooth muscle cells, showing elevated levels at early disease manifestations. Later disease stages involved changes in microglial proteins, associated with longitudinal WML progression, and changes in neuronal proteins mediating WML-associated cognitive decline. These findings provide an atlas of novel cSVD biomarkers and a promising roadmap for the next generation of cSVD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hristovska
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexa Pichet Binette
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Atul Kumar
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chris Gaiteri
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Rush University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Linda Karlsson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Strandberg
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shorena Janelidze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University
- Imaging and Function, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jacob W Vogel
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, SciLifeLab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Kim S, Shim S, Kwon J, Ryoo S, Byeon J, Hong J, Lee JH, Kwon YG, Kim JY, Kim YM. Alleviation of preeclampsia-like symptoms through PlGF and eNOS regulation by hypoxia- and NF-κB-responsive miR-214-3p deletion. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01237-8. [PMID: 38825645 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is caused by placental hypoxia and systemic inflammation and is associated with reduced placental growth factor (PlGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) levels. The molecular signaling axes involved in this process may play a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Here, we found that hypoxic exposure increased hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/Twist1-mediated miR-214-3p biogenesis in trophoblasts, suppressing PlGF production and trophoblast invasion. TNF-α stimulation increased NF-κB-dependent miR-214-3p expression in endothelial cells, impairing eNOS expression and causing endothelial dysfunction. Synthetic miR-214-3p administration to pregnant mice decreased PlGF and eNOS expression, resulting in preeclampsia-like symptoms, including hypertension, proteinuria, and fetal growth restriction. Conversely, miR-214-3p deletion maintained the PlGF and eNOS levels in hypoxic pregnant mice, alleviating preeclampsia-like symptoms and signs. These findings provide new insights into the role of HIF-1/Twist1- and NF-κB-responsive miR-214-3p-dependent PlGF and eNOS downregulation in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and establish miR-214-3p as a therapeutic or preventive target for preeclampsia and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbo Shim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Kwon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Byeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- Advanced Institute of Technology, Curacle Co. Ltd, Seoul, 06694, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Yan Q, Blue NR, Truong B, Zhang Y, Guerrero RF, Liu N, Honigberg MC, Parry S, McNeil RB, Simhan HN, Chung J, Mercer BM, Grobman WA, Silver R, Greenland P, Saade GR, Reddy UM, Wapner RJ, Haas DM. Genetic Associations with Placental Proteins in Maternal Serum Identify Biomarkers for Hypertension in Pregnancy. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.05.25.23290460. [PMID: 37398343 PMCID: PMC10312829 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.23290460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is a complex syndrome that accounts for considerable maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite its prevalence, no effective disease-modifying therapies are available. Maternal serum placenta-derived proteins have been in longstanding use as markers of risk for aneuploidy and placental dysfunction, but whether they have a causal contribution to preeclampsia is unknown. Objective We aimed to investigate the genetic regulation of serum placental proteins in early pregnancy and their potential causal links with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Study design This study used a nested case-control design with nulliparous women enrolled in the nuMoM2b study from eight clinical sites across the United States between 2010 and 2013. The first- and second-trimester serum samples were collected, and nine proteins were measured, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor, endoglin, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12 (ADAM-12), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, inhibin A, and alpha-fetoprotein. This study used genome-wide association studies to discern genetic influences on these protein levels, treating proteins as outcomes. Furthermore, Mendelian randomization was used to evaluate the causal effects of these proteins on preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, and their further causal relationship with long-term hypertension, treating proteins as exposures. Results A total of 2,352 participants were analyzed. We discovered significant associations between the pregnancy zone protein locus and concentrations of ADAM-12 (rs6487735, P= 3.03×10 -22 ), as well as between the vascular endothelial growth factor A locus and concentrations of both VEGF (rs6921438, P= 7.94×10 -30 ) and sFlt-1 (rs4349809, P= 2.89×10 -12 ). Our Mendelian randomization analyses suggested a potential causal association between first-trimester ADAM-12 levels and gestational hypertension (odds ratio=0.78, P= 8.6×10 -4 ). We also found evidence for a potential causal effect of preeclampsia (odds ratio=1.75, P =8.3×10 -3 ) and gestational hypertension (odds ratio=1.84, P =4.7×10 -3 ) during the index pregnancy on the onset of hypertension 2-7 years later. The additional mediation analysis indicated that the impact of ADAM-12 on postpartum hypertension could be explained in part by its indirect effect through gestational hypertension (mediated effect=-0.15, P= 0.03). Conclusions Our study discovered significant genetic associations with placental proteins ADAM-12, VEGF, and sFlt-1, offering insights into their regulation during pregnancy. Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrated evidence of potential causal relationships between the serum levels of placental proteins, particularly ADAM-12, and gestational hypertension, potentially informing future prevention and treatment investigations.
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7
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Malekan M, Haass NK, Rokni GR, Gholizadeh N, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Kazeminejad A. VEGF/VEGFR axis and its signaling in melanoma: Current knowledge toward therapeutic targeting agents and future perspectives. Life Sci 2024; 345:122563. [PMID: 38508233 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is responsible for most skin cancer-associated deaths globally. The progression of melanoma is influenced by a number of pathogenic processes. Understanding the VEGF/VEGFR axis, which includes VEGF-A, PlGF, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D and their receptors, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, is of great importance in melanoma due to its crucial role in angiogenesis. This axis generates multifactorial and complex cellular signaling, engaging the MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, PKC, PLC-γ, and FAK signaling pathways. Melanoma cell growth and proliferation, migration and metastasis, survival, and acquired resistance to therapy are influenced by this axis. The VEGF/VEGFR axis was extensively examined for their potential as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in melanoma patients and results showed that VEGF overexpression can be associated with unfavorable prognosis, higher level of tumor invasion and poor response to therapy. MicroRNAs linking to the VEGF/VEGFR axis were identified and, in this review, divided into two categories according to their functions, some of them promote melanoma angiogenesis (promotive group) and some restrict melanoma angiogenesis (protective group). In addition, the approach of treating melanoma by targeting the VEGF/VEGFR axis has garnered significant interest among researchers. These agents can be divided into two main groups: anti-VEGF and VEGFR inhibitors. These therapeutic options may be a prominent step along with the modern targeting and immune therapies for better coverage of pathological processes leading to melanoma progression and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Malekan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | | | - Ghasem Rahmatpour Rokni
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nasim Gholizadeh
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Armaghan Kazeminejad
- Department of Dermatology, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari, Iran
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Raja Xavier JP, Rianna C, Hellwich E, Nikolou I, Lankapalli AK, Brucker SY, Singh Y, Lang F, Schäffer TE, Salker MS. Excessive endometrial PlGF- Rac1 signalling underlies endometrial cell stiffness linked to pre-eclampsia. Commun Biol 2024; 7:530. [PMID: 38704457 PMCID: PMC11069541 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell stiffness is regulated by dynamic interaction between ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and p21 protein-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) proteins, besides other biochemical and molecular regulators. In this study, we investigated how the Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) changes endometrial mechanics by modifying the actin cytoskeleton at the maternal interface. We explored the global effects of PlGF in endometrial stromal cells (EnSCs) using the concerted approach of proteomics, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Proteomic analysis shows PlGF upregulated RhoGTPases activating proteins and extracellular matrix organization-associated proteins in EnSCs. Rac1 and PAK1 transcript levels, activity, and actin polymerization were significantly increased with PlGF treatment. AFM further revealed an increase in cell stiffness with PlGF treatment. The additive effect of PlGF on actin polymerization was suppressed with siRNA-mediated inhibition of Rac1, PAK1, and WAVE2. Interestingly, the increase in cell stiffness by PlGF treatment was pharmacologically reversed with pravastatin, resulting in improved trophoblast cell invasion. Taken together, aberrant PlGF levels in the endometrium can contribute to an altered pre-pregnancy maternal microenvironment and offer a unifying explanation for the pathological changes observed in conditions such as pre-eclampsia (PE).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmela Rianna
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Emily Hellwich
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Iliana Nikolou
- Department of Women's Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Sara Y Brucker
- Department of Women's Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Women's Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman E Schäffer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madhuri S Salker
- Department of Women's Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Satorres-Pérez E, Martínez-Varea A, Novillo-Del Álamo B, Morales-Roselló J, Diago-Almela V. The sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio at 12, 24, and 32 Weeks Gestation in Twin Pregnancies as a Predictor of Late Preterm Birth and Perinatal Event Secondary to Prematurity. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2699. [PMID: 38731228 PMCID: PMC11084454 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Preterm birth impacts 60% of twin pregnancies, with the subsequent risk of complications in both newborns secondary to the immaturity of organs. This study aims to assess the utility of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio throughout pregnancy in predicting late preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes related to prematurity in twin pregnancies. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study developed at a tertiary hospital. All pregnant women with a twin pregnancy who signed the informed consent were included. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was measured at 12, 24, and 32 weeks' gestation. Results: Seventy patients were included, from which 54.3% suffered late preterm birth. Results revealed a significant difference in sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at week 32 between term and preterm groups, with a one-unit increase associated with a 1.11-fold increase in the probability of preterm birth. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at week 32 alone presented considerable predictive capacities (sensitivity of 71%, specificity of 72%, a PPV of 75%, and an NPV of 68%. Similarly, at week 24, a one-unit increase in sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was associated with a 1.24-fold increase in the probability of adverse perinatal events due to prematurity. Combining parity, maternal age, conception method, BMI, and chorionicity, the model yielded better predictive capacities (sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 80%, PPV of 58%, NPV of 93%). Conclusions: The potential of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio as a predictive tool for preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes secondary to prematurity in twin pregnancies is underscored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Satorres-Pérez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.S.-P.); (B.N.-D.Á.); (J.M.-R.); (V.D.-A.)
| | - Alicia Martínez-Varea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.S.-P.); (B.N.-D.Á.); (J.M.-R.); (V.D.-A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, 12006 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Valencia, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Blanca Novillo-Del Álamo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.S.-P.); (B.N.-D.Á.); (J.M.-R.); (V.D.-A.)
| | - José Morales-Roselló
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.S.-P.); (B.N.-D.Á.); (J.M.-R.); (V.D.-A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Diago-Almela
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.S.-P.); (B.N.-D.Á.); (J.M.-R.); (V.D.-A.)
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10
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Seo N, Guan X, Wang T, Chung HSH, Wikström M, Padaki R, Kalenian K, Kuhns S, Matthies K, Crouse-Zeineddini J, Wong HY, Ng M, Foltz IN, Cao S, Liu J. Analytical and Functional Similarity of Aflibercept Biosimilar ABP 938 with Aflibercept Reference Product. Ophthalmol Ther 2024; 13:1303-1320. [PMID: 38507189 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-024-00914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ABP 938 is being developed as a biosimilar candidate to aflibercept reference product (RP), a biologic used for certain angiogenic eye disorders. This study was designed to provide a comparative analytical assessment of the structural and functional attributes of ABP 938 and aflibercept RP sourced from the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). METHODS Structural and functional characterization studies were performed using state-of-the-art analytical techniques that were appropriate to assess relevant quality attributes and capable of detecting qualitative and quantitative differences in primary structure, higher-order structure and biophysical properties, product-related substances and impurities, general properties, and biological activities. RESULTS ABP 938 had the same amino acid sequence and exhibited similar secondary and tertiary structures, and biological activity as aflibercept RP. There were minor differences in a small number of biochemical attributes which are not expected to impact clinical performance. In addition, aflibercept RP sourced from the US and EU were analytically similar. CONCLUSIONS ABP 938 was structurally and functionally similar to aflibercept RP. Since aflibercept RP sourced from the US and EU were analytically similar, this allows for the development of a scientific bridge such that a single-source RP can be used in nonclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neungseon Seo
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA.
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Hyo S Helen Chung
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Mats Wikström
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Rupa Padaki
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Kevin Kalenian
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Scott Kuhns
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Kelli Matthies
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | | | - Helen Y Wong
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Michael Ng
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Ian N Foltz
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Shawn Cao
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
| | - Jennifer Liu
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320-1799, USA
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11
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Kang Y, Li H, Liu Y, Li Z. Regulation of VEGF-A expression and VEGF-A-targeted therapy in malignant tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:221. [PMID: 38687357 PMCID: PMC11061008 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05714-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), a highly conserved dimeric glycoprotein, is a key regulatory gene and a marker molecule of angiogenesis. The upregulation of VEGF-A facilitates the process of tumor vascularization, thereby fostering the initiation and progression of malignant neoplasms. Many genes can adjust the angiogenesis of tumors by changing the expression of VEGF-A. In addition, VEGF-A also exhibits immune regulatory properties, which directly or indirectly suppresses the antitumor activity of immune cells. The emergence of VEGF-A-targeted therapy alone or in rational combinations has revolutionized the treatment of various cancers. This review discusses how diverse mechanisms in various tumors regulate VEGF-A expression to promote tumor angiogenesis and the role of VEGF-A in tumor immune microenvironment. The application of drugs targeting VEGF-A in tumor therapy is also summarized including antibody molecule drugs and traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Kang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiting Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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12
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Fiehn LA, Kunisch E, Saur M, Arango-Ospina M, Merle C, Hagmann S, Stiller A, Hupa L, Kaňková H, Galusková D, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. A comparative in vitro and in vivo analysis of the impact of copper substitution on the cytocompatibility, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties of a borosilicate bioactive glass. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 38623001 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The 0106-B1-bioactive glass (BG) composition (in wt %: 37.5 SiO2, 22.6 CaO, 5.9 Na2O, 4.0 P2O5, 12.0 K2O, 5.5 MgO, and 12.5 B2O3) has demonstrated favorable processing properties and promising bone regeneration potential. The present study aimed to evaluate the biological effects of the incorporation of highly pro-angiogenic copper (Cu) in 0106-B1-BG in vitro using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) as well as its in vivo potential for bone regeneration. CuO was added to 0106-B1-BG in exchange for CaO, resulting in Cu-doped BG compositions containing 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 wt % CuO (composition in wt %: 37.5 SiO2, 21.6/ 20.1/17.6 CaO, 5.9 Na2O, 4.0 P2O5, 12.0 K2O, 5.5 MgO, 12.5 B2O3, and 1.0/ 2.5/ 5.0 CuO). In vitro, the BGs' impact on the viability, proliferation, and growth patterns of BMSCs was evaluated. Analyses of protein secretion, matrix formation, and gene expression were used for the assessment of the BGs' influence on BMSCs regarding osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic stimulation. The presence of Cu improved cytocompatibility, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic response when compared with unmodified 0106-B1-BG in vitro. In vivo, a critical-size femoral defect in rats was filled with scaffolds made from BGs. Bone regeneration was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. Histological analysis was performed to assess bone maturation and angiogenesis. In vivo effects regarding defect closure, presence of osteoclastic cells or vascular structures in the defect were not significantly changed by the addition of Cu compared with undoped 0106-B1-BG scaffolds. Hence, while the in vitro properties of the 0106-B1-BG were significantly improved by the incorporation of Cu, further evaluation of the BG composition is necessary to transfer these effects to an in vivo setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Anna Fiehn
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elke Kunisch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Merve Saur
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Stiller
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Hana Kaňková
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Galusková
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Gudenschwager-Basso EK, Frydman G, Weerakoon S, Andargachew H, Piltaver CM, Huckle WR. Morphological evaluation of the feline placenta correlates with gene expression of vascular growth factors and receptors†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:569-582. [PMID: 38092011 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Placental angiogenesis is critical for normal development. Angiogenic factors and their receptors are key regulators of this process. Dysregulated placental vascular development is associated with pregnancy complications. Despite their importance, vascular growth factor expression has not been thoroughly correlated with placental morphologic development across gestation in cats. We postulate that changes in placental vessel morphology can be appreciated as consequences of dynamic expression of angiogenic signaling agents. Here, we characterized changes in placental morphology alongside expression analysis of angiogenic factor splice variants and receptors throughout pregnancy in domestic shorthair cats. We observed increased vascular and lamellar density in the lamellar zone during mid-pregnancy. Immunohistochemical analysis localized the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) receptor KDR to endothelial cells of the maternal and fetal microvasculatures. PlGF and its principal receptor Flt-1 were localized to the trophoblasts and fetal vasculature. VEGF-A was found in trophoblast cells and associated with endothelial cells. We detected expression of two Plgf splice variants and four Vegf-a variants. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed upregulation of mRNAs encoding pan Vegf-a and all Vegf-a splice forms at gestational days 30-35. Vegf-A showed a marked relative increase in expression during mid-pregnancy, consistent with the pro-angiogenic changes seen in the lamellar zone at days 30-35. Flt-1 was upregulated during late pregnancy. Plgf variants showed stable expression during the first two-thirds of pregnancy, followed by a marked increase toward term. These findings revealed specific spatiotemporal expression patterns of VEGF-A family members consistent with pivotal roles during normal placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin K Gudenschwager-Basso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Galit Frydman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shaneke Weerakoon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Hariyat Andargachew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Cassandra M Piltaver
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - William R Huckle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Ceci C, Lacal PM, Barbaccia ML, Mercuri NB, Graziani G, Ledonne A. The VEGFs/VEGFRs system in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: Pathophysiological roles and therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107101. [PMID: 38336311 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their cognate receptors (VEGFRs), besides their well-known involvement in physiological angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and in diseases associated to pathological vessel formation, play multifaceted functions in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to shaping brain development, by controlling cerebral vasculogenesis and regulating neurogenesis as well as astrocyte differentiation, the VEGFs/VEGFRs axis exerts essential functions in the adult brain both in physiological and pathological contexts. In this article, after describing the physiological VEGFs/VEGFRs functions in the CNS, we focus on the VEGFs/VEGFRs involvement in neurodegenerative diseases by reviewing the current literature on the rather complex VEGFs/VEGFRs contribution to the pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. Thereafter, based on the outcome of VEGFs/VEGFRs targeting in animal models of AD and PD, we discuss the factual relevance of pharmacological VEGFs/VEGFRs modulation as a novel and potential disease-modifying approach for these neurodegenerative pathologies. Specific VEGFRs targeting, aimed at selective VEGFR-1 inhibition, while preserving VEGFR-2 signal transduction, appears as a promising strategy to hit the molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathology. Moreover, therapeutic VEGFs-based approaches can be proposed for PD treatment, with the aim of fine-tuning their brain levels to amplify neurotrophic/neuroprotective effects while limiting an excessive impact on vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ceci
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Barbaccia
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Neurology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Rome, Italy; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ada Ledonne
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Rome, Italy; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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15
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Andronikidi PE, Orovou E, Mavrigiannaki E, Athanasiadou V, Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou M, Iatrakis G, Grapsa E. Placental and Renal Pathways Underlying Pre-Eclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2741. [PMID: 38473987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by a state of multiorgan hypertensive disorders, with or without proteinuria and possible multiorgan dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease is an established risk factor for the development of pre-eclampsia, as angiogenic homeostasis is altered and the maternal circulation is already hypertensive. Facing pre-eclampsia in the context of chronic kidney disease is a challenging emergency for both the mother and the fetus. The clinical features and the management of this multi-organ disorder are clearly defined in the modern literature but the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms remain not fully elucidated. Understanding the pathophysiology that mediates the onset of pre-eclampsia itself and in synergy with chronic kidney disease is fundamental for developing prompt prevention strategies, treatment planning, and patient counseling. This review aims to summarize the main molecular mechanisms involved in the process of pre-eclampsia, with a particular focus on the role of the kidneys and hormonal pathways related to renal function in normal pregnancy and pre-eclamptic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Eva Andronikidi
- Department of Nephrology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Orovou
- Department of Midwifery, University of Western Macedonia, 50200 Ptolemaida, Greece
| | | | - Virginia Athanasiadou
- Department of Nephrology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Iatrakis
- Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Grapsa
- Department of Nephrology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Zhao M, Yin N, Yang R, Li S, Zhang S, Faiola F. Understanding the effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on early skin development: Role of ciliogenesis inhibition and altered microtubule dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169702. [PMID: 38163615 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of highly stable chemicals, widely used in everyday products, and widespread in the environment, even in pregnant women. While epidemiological studies have linked prenatal exposure to PFAS with atopic dermatitis in children, little is known about their toxic effects on skin development, especially during the embryonic stage. In this study, we utilized human embryonic stem cells to generate non-neural ectoderm (NNE) cells and exposed them to six PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), undecafluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), heptafluorobutyric acid (PFBA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorobutyric acid (PFBS)) during the differentiation process to assess their toxicity to early skin development. Our results showed that PFOS altered the spindle-like morphology of NNE cells to a pebble-like morphology, and disrupted several NNE markers, including KRT16, SMYD1, and WISP1. The six PFAS had a high potential to cause hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) by disrupting the expression levels of HED-relevant genes. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PFOS treatment produced the highest number (1156) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the six PFAS, including the keratinocyte-related genes KRT6A, KRT17, KRT18, KRT24, KRT40, and KRT81. Additionally, we found that PFOS treatment disturbed several signaling pathways that are involved in regulating skin cell fate decisions and differentiation, including TGF-β, NOTCH, Hedgehog, and Hippo signaling pathways. Interestingly, we discovered that PFOS inhibited, by partially interfering with the expression of cytoskeleton-related genes, the ciliogenesis of NNE cells, which is crucial for the intercellular transduction of the above-mentioned signaling pathways. Overall, our study suggests that PFAS can inhibit ciliogenesis and hamper the transduction of important signaling pathways, leading potential congenital skin diseases. It sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of early embryonic skin developmental toxicity and provides an explanation for the epidemiological data on PFAS. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: We employed a model based on human embryonic stem cells to demonstrate that PFOS has the potential to elevate the risk of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. This is achieved by targeting cilia, inhibiting ciliogenesis, and subsequently disrupting crucial signaling pathways like TGF-β, NOTCH, Hedgehog, and Hippo, during the early phases of embryonic skin development. Our study highlights the dangers and potential impacts of six PFAS pollutants on human skin development. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of closely considering PFHxA, PFBA, PFHxS, and PFBS, as they have shown the capacity to modify gene expression levels, albeit to a lesser degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shichang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Mesquita J, Santos FM, Sousa JP, Vaz-Pereira S, Tavares-Ratado P, Neves A, Mesquita R, Tomaz CT. Serum and Vitreous Levels of Placenta Growth Factor in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients: Correlation With Disease Severity and Optical Coherence Tomographic Parameters. Cureus 2024; 16:e54862. [PMID: 38533176 PMCID: PMC10964121 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The primary objective of this study was to compare placenta growth factor (PlGF) levels in the serum and vitreous of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients to non-diabetic controls. Additionally, the study aimed to establish associations between serum and vitreous PlGF concentrations and to examine the correlation between vitreous PlGF in DR patients and morphological parameters. Methods This study included serum and vitreous samples from 38 patients, including 21 patients with DR and 17 non-diabetic controls. The control group included non-diabetic patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with retinal tears secondary to posterior vitreous detachment or trauma. PlGF levels were quantified in vitreous and serum samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans from DR patients were evaluated to measure the central retinal thickness (CRT) and macular volume (MV). Results DR patients had significantly higher mean vitreous PlGF levels compared to non-DR patients (70.0±39.2 vs. 46.47±9.7 pg/mL, p-value=0.004). However, no significant increase in mean serum PlGF levels was observed in DR patients (p-value=0.232). Within the DR group, proliferative DR (PDR) patients presented significantly higher vitreous PlGF levels than non-PDR (NPDR) patients (76.5±41.0 vs. 42.5±5.0 pg/mL, p-value=0.009). There was no association between serum and vitreous PlGF levels. The correlation between vitreous PlGF levels and morphological parameters was rsp=0.175, p-value=0.488 for CRT, and rsp=0.288, p-value=0.262 for MV. Conclusion This study emphasizes the important role of PlGF in neovascularization, specifically highlighting its overexpression exclusively in vitreous from PDR patients. The observed increase in PlGF levels may be indicative of disease severity. The lack of correlation between vitreous and serum PlGF levels suggests a potential dissociation between intravitreal and systemic PlGF synthesis. Consequently, targeting PlGF in therapeutic approaches may offer an additional strategy for ocular pathologies with a neovascular component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Mesquita
- Pharmacy, Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Covilhã, PRT
| | - Fátima Milhano Santos
- Biochemistry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, ESP
| | | | | | - Paulo Tavares-Ratado
- Clinical Research, Medical Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, PRT
| | - Arminda Neves
- Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, PRT
| | - Rita Mesquita
- Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, PRT
| | - Cândida Teixeira Tomaz
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Covilhã, PRT
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Lyu L, Wen H, Li Y, Wang X, Li J, Zuo C, Yan S, Qi X. PGE2 functions in ovoviviparous teleost black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii): evolutionary status between parturition and ovulation†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:140-153. [PMID: 37812450 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish have evolved various reproductive strategies including oviparity, viviparity, and ovoviviparity, which undoubtedly affect the survival of the whole species continuity. As the final step in reproduction, parturition in viviparous vertebrate and ovulation in oviparous teleost seem to share a similar mechanism, when prostaglandins (PGs) act as the trigger to launch the whole process. In the present study, ovoviviparous teleost black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) is employed as the research object. Intraperitoneal injection showed that PGE2 (500 μg/kg) could activate the delivery reactions in perinatal black rockfish. RNA-seq data of ovary in perinatal period revealed transcriptional change in cell junction, inflammation, and apoptosis, which is related to mammal parturition and teleost ovulation. Further results proved the positive correlation between ptger EP2 and previous mentioned pathways. Subsequent experiment proved that PGE2 was able to induce the ovulation and spawning in unfertilized individuals, which had a bilayer follicular structure compared to monolayer follicular in perinatal period black rockfish. Both unfertilized and perinatal ovary matrix could response to PGE2 stimulation. In conclusion, the function of PGE2 in activating both parturition and ovulation in a relatively different pathways conserved with viviparity or oviparity provided novel evidence of the evolutionary status of ovoviviparous vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Haishen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Jianshuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Chenpeng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Shaojing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
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Dang BTN, Kwon TK, Lee S, Jeong JH, Yook S. Nanoparticle-based immunoengineering strategies for enhancing cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 365:773-800. [PMID: 38081328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a groundbreaking strategy that has revolutionized the field of oncology compared to other therapeutic strategies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. However, cancer complexity, tumor heterogeneity, and immune escape have become the main hurdles to the clinical application of immunotherapy. Moreover, conventional immunotherapies cause many harmful side effects owing to hyperreactivity in patients, long treatment durations and expensive cost. Nanotechnology is considered a transformative approach that enhances the potency of immunotherapy by capitalizing on the superior physicochemical properties of nanocarriers, creating highly targeted tissue delivery systems. These advantageous features include a substantial specific surface area, which enhances the interaction with the immune system. In addition, the capability to finely modify surface chemistry enables the achievement of controlled and sustained release properties. These advances have significantly increased the potential of immunotherapy, making it more powerful than ever before. In this review, we introduce recent nanocarriers for application in cancer immunotherapy based on strategies that target different main immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and tumor-associated macrophages. We also provide an overview of the role and significance of nanotechnology in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Simmyung Yook
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Singh Thakur A, Tayade S, Patel D, Gupta A, Batra N. Unraveling the Predictive Power: Placenta Growth Factor and Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A in Pre-eclampsia. Cureus 2024; 16:e52752. [PMID: 38389635 PMCID: PMC10881904 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the roles of placenta growth factor (PlGF) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in the context of pre-eclampsia, a pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder with significant implications for maternal and fetal health. The background elucidates the clinical significance of pre-eclampsia, highlighting its prevalence and impact. The review delves into the biological importance of PlGF and PAPP-A, emphasizing their critical roles in normal placental development and their dysregulation in pre-eclampsia. Notably, altered levels of these biomarkers emerge as potential diagnostic indicators, offering insights into the pathophysiology of the disorder. The exploration of pathophysiological mechanisms, including angiogenic imbalance and placental dysfunction, provides a nuanced understanding of pre-eclampsia's molecular landscape. The therapeutic implications of targeting PlGF and PAPP-A open avenues for future research, aiming at effective intervention strategies. The conclusion summarizes key findings, outlines implications for future research, and underscores the crucial role of PlGF and PAPP-A in understanding and managing pre-eclampsia, with the ultimate goal of improving outcomes for both mothers and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Singh Thakur
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Surekha Tayade
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Drashti Patel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Aishwarya Gupta
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Nitish Batra
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
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21
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Zhang JY, Xiao J, Xie B, Barba H, Boachie-Mensah M, Shah RN, Nadeem U, Spedale M, Dylla N, Lin H, Sidebottom AM, D'Souza M, Theriault B, Sulakhe D, Chang EB, Skondra D. Oral Metformin Inhibits Choroidal Neovascularization by Modulating the Gut-Retina Axis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:21. [PMID: 38108689 PMCID: PMC10732090 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.15.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Emerging data indicate that metformin may prevent the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Whereas the underlying mechanisms of metformin's anti-aging properties remain undetermined, one proposed avenue is the gut microbiome. Using the laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model, we investigate the effects of oral metformin on CNV, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid transcriptome, and gut microbiota. Methods Specific pathogen free (SPF) male mice were treated via daily oral gavage of metformin 300 mg/kg or vehicle. Male mice were selected to minimize sex-specific differences to laser induction and response to metformin. Laser-induced CNV size and macrophage/microglial infiltration were assessed by isolectin and Iba1 immunostaining. High-throughput RNA-seq of the RPE/choroid was performed using Illumina. Fecal pellets were analyzed for gut microbiota composition/pathways with 16S rRNA sequencing/shotgun metagenomics, as well as microbial-derived metabolites, including small-chain fatty acids and bile acids. Investigation was repeated in metformin-treated germ-free (GF) mice and antibiotic-treated/GF mice receiving fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from metformin-treated SPF mice. Results Metformin treatment reduced CNV size (P < 0.01) and decreased Iba1+ macrophage/microglial infiltration (P < 0.005). One hundred forty-five differentially expressed genes were identified in the metformin-treated group (P < 0.05) with a downregulation in pro-angiogenic genes Tie1, Pgf, and Gata2. Furthermore, metformin altered the gut microbiome in favor of Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia, with a significant increase in fecal levels of butyrate, succinate, and cholic acid. Metformin did not suppress CNV in GF mice but colonization of microbiome-depleted mice with metformin-derived FMT suppressed CNV. Conclusions These data suggest that oral metformin suppresses CNV, the hallmark lesion of advanced neovascular AMD, via gut microbiome modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Y. Zhang
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Jason Xiao
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Bingqing Xie
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Hugo Barba
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | | | - Rohan N. Shah
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Urooba Nadeem
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Melanie Spedale
- Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Nicholas Dylla
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Huaiying Lin
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ashley M. Sidebottom
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Mark D'Souza
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Betty Theriault
- Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Dinanath Sulakhe
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Eugene B. Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Dimitra Skondra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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22
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Hakimi P, Tabatabaei F, Rahmani V, Zakariya NA, Moslehian MS, Bedate AM, Tamadon A, Rahbarghazi R, Mahdipour M. Dysregulated miRNAs in recurrent miscarriage: A systematic review. Gene 2023; 884:147689. [PMID: 37543220 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is a complex reproductive medicine disease that affects many families. The cause of RM is unclear at this time; however, lifestyle and genetic variables may influence the process. The slight alteration in miRNA expression has enormous consequences for a variety of difficulties, one of which may be RM. The target of this systematic study was to provide a framework of the dysregulated miRNAs in RM. The Prisma guidelines were applied to perform current systematic review pertaining to articles in the seven databases. Thirty-nine papers out of 245 received fulfilled all inclusion requirements. From all the mentioned miRNAs, 40 were up-regulated (65.57 %), whereas 21 were down-regulated (34.43 %). These dysregulated miRNAs contributed to the pathophysiology of RM by influencing key pathways and processes such as apoptosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the immune system. Understanding the dysregulation of miRNAs, as well as the pathways and processes that engage these miRNAs and impact disease pathogenesis, may aid in clarifying the unknown underlying mechanisms of RM and the development of novel molecular therapeutic targets and medical domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Hakimi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaei
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Laparoscopic, Surgeries, Al-Zahra Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Iranian Society of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Iran University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Rahmani
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nahideh Afshar Zakariya
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co, Shiraz, Iran; Department for Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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23
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Nutter CA, Kidd BM, Carter HA, Hamel JI, Mackie PM, Kumbkarni N, Davenport ML, Tuyn DM, Gopinath A, Creigh PD, Sznajder ŁJ, Wang ET, Ranum LPW, Khoshbouei H, Day JW, Sampson JB, Prokop S, Swanson MS. Choroid plexus mis-splicing and altered cerebrospinal fluid composition in myotonic dystrophy type 1. Brain 2023; 146:4217-4232. [PMID: 37143315 PMCID: PMC10545633 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is a dominantly inherited multisystemic disease caused by CTG tandem repeat expansions in the DMPK 3' untranslated region. These expanded repeats are transcribed and produce toxic CUG RNAs that sequester and inhibit activities of the MBNL family of developmental RNA processing factors. Although myotonic dystrophy is classified as a muscular dystrophy, the brain is also severely affected by an unusual cohort of symptoms, including hypersomnia, executive dysfunction, as well as early onsets of tau/MAPT pathology and cerebral atrophy. To address the molecular and cellular events that lead to these pathological outcomes, we recently generated a mouse Dmpk CTG expansion knock-in model and identified choroid plexus epithelial cells as particularly affected by the expression of toxic CUG expansion RNAs. To determine if toxic CUG RNAs perturb choroid plexus functions, alternative splicing analysis was performed on lateral and hindbrain choroid plexi from Dmpk CTG knock-in mice. Choroid plexus transcriptome-wide changes were evaluated in Mbnl2 knockout mice, a developmental-onset model of myotonic dystrophy brain dysfunction. To determine if transcriptome changes also occurred in the human disease, we obtained post-mortem choroid plexus for RNA-seq from neurologically unaffected (two females, three males; ages 50-70 years) and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (one female, three males; ages 50-70 years) donors. To test that choroid plexus transcriptome alterations resulted in altered CSF composition, we obtained CSF via lumbar puncture from patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (five females, five males; ages 35-55 years) and non-myotonic dystrophy patients (three females, four males; ages 26-51 years), and western blot and osmolarity analyses were used to test CSF alterations predicted by choroid plexus transcriptome analysis. We determined that CUG RNA induced toxicity was more robust in the lateral choroid plexus of Dmpk CTG knock-in mice due to comparatively higher Dmpk and lower Mbnl RNA levels. Impaired transitions to adult splicing patterns during choroid plexus development were identified in Mbnl2 knockout mice, including mis-splicing previously found in Dmpk CTG knock-in mice. Whole transcriptome analysis of myotonic dystrophy type 1 choroid plexus revealed disease-associated RNA expression and mis-splicing events. Based on these RNA changes, predicted alterations in ion homeostasis, secretory output and CSF composition were confirmed by analysis of myotonic dystrophy type 1 CSF. Our results implicate choroid plexus spliceopathy and concomitant alterations in CSF homeostasis as an unappreciated contributor to myotonic dystrophy type 1 CNS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis A Nutter
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Benjamin M Kidd
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Helmut A Carter
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Johanna I Hamel
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Philip M Mackie
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nayha Kumbkarni
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mackenzie L Davenport
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dana M Tuyn
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Peter D Creigh
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Łukasz J Sznajder
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eric T Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Laura P W Ranum
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, McKnight Brain Institute and the Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - John W Day
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jacinda B Sampson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Stefan Prokop
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, McKnight Brain Institute and the Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Maurice S Swanson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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24
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Zhou J, Sheridan MA, Tian Y, Dahlgren KJ, Messler M, Peng T, Ezashi T, Schulz LC, Ulery BD, Roberts RM, Schust DJ. Development of properly-polarized trophoblast stem cell-derived organoids to model early human pregnancy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.30.560327. [PMID: 37873440 PMCID: PMC10592868 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.30.560327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of human trophoblast stem cells (hTSC) and stem cell-derived trophoblast organoids has enabled investigation of placental physiology and disease and early maternal-fetal interactions during a stage of human pregnancy that previously had been severely restricted. A key shortcoming in existing trophoblast organoid methodologies is the non-physiologic position of the syncytiotrophoblast (STB) within the inner portion of the organoid, which neither recapitulates placental villous morphology in vivo nor allows for facile modeling of STB exposure to the endometrium or the contents of the intervillous space. Here we have successfully established properly-polarized human trophoblast stem cell (hTSC)-sourced organoids with STB forming on the surface of the organoid. These organoids can also be induced to give rise to the extravillous trophoblast (EVT) lineage with HLA-G + migratory cells that invade into an extracellular matrix-based hydrogel. Compared to previous hTSC organoid methods, organoids created by this method more closely mimic the architecture of the developing human placenta and provide a novel platform to study normal and abnormal human placental development and to model exposures to pharmaceuticals, pathogens and environmental insults. Motivation Human placental organoids have been generated to mimic physiological cell-cell interactions. However, those published models derived from human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) or placental villi display a non-physiologic "inside-out" morphology. In vivo , the placental villi have an outer layer of syncytialized cells that are in direct contact with maternal blood, acting as a conduit for gas and nutrient exchange, and an inner layer of progenitor, single cytotrophoblast cells that fuse to create the syncytiotrophoblast layer. Existing "inside-out" models put the cytotrophoblast cells in contact with culture media and substrate, making physiologic interactions between syncytiotrophoblast and other cells/tissues and normal and pathogenic exposures coming from maternal blood difficult to model. The goal of this study was to develop an hTSC-derived 3-D human trophoblast organoid model that positions the syncytiotrophoblast layer on the outside of the multicellular organoid. Graphical abstract
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25
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Velegrakis A, Kouvidi E, Fragkiadaki P, Sifakis S. Predictive value of the sFlt‑1/PlGF ratio in women with suspected preeclampsia: An update (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:89. [PMID: 37594116 PMCID: PMC10500221 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major complication of pregnancy with an incidence rate of 2‑8% and is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. The various consequences of severe preeclampsia for the fetus, neonate and child include intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), fetal hypoxia, oligohydramnios, intrauterine fetal demise, increased perinatal mortality and morbidity, neurodevelopmental disorders and even irreversible brain damage (cerebral palsy). A number of studies have demonstrated that differences in maternal serum concentrations of angiogenic factors between preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies can be used as biomarkers, either alone or in combination with other markers, to predict the development of PE. The presence in the maternal circulation of two proteins of placental origin, placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms‑like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt‑1), has been shown to be of clinical value, as the sFlt‑1/PlGF ratio appears to be the optimal predictive tool for the development of PE. The measurement of their concentration in maternal serum in screening models, serves as predictive marker for the development of PE or IUGR later in gestation. However, further research is required to improve its clinical applicability and provide guidelines for its use worldwide to achieve more consistent clinical management of women with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Velegrakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elisavet Kouvidi
- Genesis Genoma Lab, Genetic Diagnosis, Clinical Genetics and Research, 15232 Athens, Greece
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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26
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Tüfekci KK, Tatar M. Oleuropein Mitigates Acrylamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Affecting Placental Growth Factor Immunoactivity in the Rat Kidney. Eurasian J Med 2023; 55:228-233. [PMID: 37909193 PMCID: PMC10724718 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oleuropein is one of the main components of the antioxidant properties of olive leaves. Placental growth factor is an important regulator in angiogenesis and inflammation, its levels being variable in pathological conditions. In this study, we aimed to examine changes in placental growth factor expression and the effect of oleuropein, found in olive leaves, in rats exposed to acrylamide nephrotoxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were allocated into 4 groups. The control group received saline solution only. The oleuropein group received oleuropein (4.2 mg/kg), the acrylamide group received acrylamide (5 mg/kg), and the acrylamide and oleuropein group received acrylamide (5 mg/kg) and oleuropein (4.2 mg/kg). All substances were administered via gastric gavage for 21 days. Kidney tissues were removed at the end of the study and subjected to histopathological, stereological, and immunohistochemical procedures. RESULTS Histopathological examination revealed dilatation, vacuolization, and degeneration in the proximal and distal tubules and increased placental growth factor immunoreactivity in the acrylamide group. Cavalieri volume analysis revealed increased cortex, distal, and proximal tubule volumes (P < .01). CONCLUSION Oleuropein significantly attenuated acrylamide-induced kidney injury by altering placental growth factor immunoreactivity. Placental growth factor immunoreactivity can be used as a marker of acrylamide nephrotoxicity, and oleuropein may counteract acrylamide-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kıymet Kübra Tüfekci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kastamonu University Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu Türkiye
| | - Musa Tatar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kastamonu University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu Türkiye
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27
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Miller JJ, Higgins V, Ren A, Logan S, Yip PM, Fu L. Advances in preeclampsia testing. Adv Clin Chem 2023; 117:103-161. [PMID: 37973318 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multisystem hypertensive disorder and one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The clinical hallmarks such as hypertension and proteinuria, and additional laboratory tests currently available including liver enzyme testing, are neither specific nor sufficiently sensitive. Therefore, biomarkers for timely and accurate identification of patients at risk of developing preeclampsia are extremely valuable to improve patient outcomes and safety. In this chapter, we will first discuss the clinical characteristics of preeclampsia and current evidence of the role of angiogenic factors, such as placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble FMS like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Second, we will review the clinical practice guidelines for preeclampsia diagnostic criteria and their recommendations on laboratory testing. Third, we will review the currently available PlGF and sFlt-1 assays in terms of their methodologies, analytical performance, and clinical diagnostic values. Finally, we will discuss the future research needs from both an analytical and clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Higgins
- DynaLIFE Medical Labs, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Annie Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Samantha Logan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul M Yip
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Laboratory Medicine), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Laboratory Medicine), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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28
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Witman N, Zhou C, Häneke T, Xiao Y, Huang X, Rohner E, Sohlmér J, Grote Beverborg N, Lehtinen ML, Chien KR, Sahara M. Placental growth factor exerts a dual function for cardiomyogenesis and vasculogenesis during heart development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5435. [PMID: 37669989 PMCID: PMC10480216 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiogenic growth factors play important roles in heart development. Placental growth factor (PLGF) has previously been reported to have angiogenic effects; however, its potential role in cardiogenesis has not yet been determined. We analyze single-cell RNA-sequencing data derived from human and primate embryonic hearts and find PLGF shows a biphasic expression pattern, as it is expressed specifically on ISL1+ second heart field progenitors at an earlier stage and on vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) at later stages. Using chemically modified mRNAs (modRNAs), we generate a panel of cardiogenic growth factors and test their effects on enhancing cardiomyocyte (CM) and EC induction during different stages of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiations. We discover that only the application of PLGF modRNA at early time points of hESC-CM differentiation can increase both CM and EC production. Conversely, genetic deletion of PLGF reduces generation of CMs, SMCs and ECs in vitro. We also confirm in vivo beneficial effects of PLGF modRNA for development of human heart progenitor-derived cardiac muscle grafts on murine kidney capsules. Further, we identify the previously unrecognized PLGF-related transcriptional networks driven by EOMES and SOX17. These results shed light on the dual cardiomyogenic and vasculogenic effects of PLGF during heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Witman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chikai Zhou
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timm Häneke
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eduarde Rohner
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Sohlmér
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niels Grote Beverborg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miia L Lehtinen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kenneth R Chien
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Makoto Sahara
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, A6 Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CN, 06510, USA.
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Tatar M, Uslu S, Öner J. Expression of placental growth factor and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type motifs 1-4-8 during the three trimesters of rat pregnancy at the maternal-fetal interface. Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:805-814. [PMID: 37424113 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The functional roles of the a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type motifs (ADAMTS) gene family in reproductive physiology, reproductive organs developments and adult reproductive health are still under investigation. The expression of the anti-angiogenic proteases ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 in placental angiogenesis at various stages of pregnancy also remains unclear. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the localization and expression of the ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 proteins during the three stages of pregnancy in rats. Maternal-fetal tissue samples were collected on Days 5, 12 and 19 of each trimester, corresponding to the first, second and third trimesters. The expression of placental growth factor (PlGF) and ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 at the maternal-fetal interface was examined using immunohistochemistry and western blot at three distinct phases of pregnancy. ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 were detected in all three trimesters of pregnancy. The relative amount of PIGF increased in the first trimester and decreased significantly in the third trimester (p < 0.05). The expression of ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-4 was significantly higher in the second (p < 0.05) and third trimesters (p < 0.01) compared to the first trimester. However, no statistically significant change was observed in ADAMTS-8 expression between trimesters. The ADAMTS exhibiting the highest expression during the first trimester was ADAMTS8. These findings indicate that the expression of ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 in the three different stages of rat pregnancy may be involved in the modulation of decidualization, morphogenesis and angiogenesis. Periodic changes in ADAMTS expression are thought to be regulated by gonadal steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Tatar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Sema Uslu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Jale Öner
- Department of Basic Sciences of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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30
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Casey H, Dennehy N, Fraser A, Lees C, McEniery C, Scott K, Wilkinson I, Delles C. Placental syndromes and maternal cardiovascular health. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1211-1224. [PMID: 37606085 PMCID: PMC10447226 DOI: 10.1042/cs20211130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The placental syndromes gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk to the mother later in life. In this review, we argue that a woman's pre-conception cardiovascular health drives both the development of placental syndromes and long-term cardiovascular risk but acknowledge that placental syndromes can also contribute to future cardiovascular risk independent of pre-conception health. We describe how preclinical studies in models of preeclampsia inform our understanding of the links with later cardiovascular disease, and how current pre-pregnancy studies may explain relative contributions of both pre-conception factors and the occurrence of placental syndromes to long-term cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Casey
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K
| | - Natalie Dennehy
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, U.K
| | - Abigail Fraser
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, and the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Christoph Lees
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, U.K
| | - Carmel M. McEniery
- Division of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, U.K
| | - Kayley Scott
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K
| | - Ian B. Wilkinson
- Division of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, U.K
| | - Christian Delles
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K
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31
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Bokhari SMZ, Hamar P. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13317. [PMID: 37686121 PMCID: PMC10487419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are the key regulators of vasculogenesis in normal and oncological development. VEGF-A is the most studied angiogenic factor secreted by malignant tumor cells under hypoxic and inflammatory stress, which made VEGF-A a rational target for anticancer therapy. However, inhibition of VEGF-A by monoclonal antibody drugs led to the upregulation of VEGF-D. VEGF-D was primarily described as a lymphangiogenic factor; however, VEGF-D's blood angiogenic potential comparable to VEGF-A has already been demonstrated in glioblastoma and colorectal carcinoma. These findings suggested a role for VEGF-D in facilitating malignant tumor growth by bypassing the anti-VEGF-A antiangiogenic therapy. Owing to its high mitogenic ability, higher affinity for VEGFR-2, and higher expression in cancer, VEGF-D might even be a stronger angiogenic driver and, hence, a better therapeutic target than VEGF-A. In this review, we summarized the angiogenic role of VEGF-D in blood vasculogenesis and its targetability as an antiangiogenic therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
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32
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Hsu HH, Ko PL, Peng CC, Cheng YJ, Wu HM, Tung YC. Studying sprouting angiogenesis under combination of oxygen gradients and co-culture of fibroblasts using microfluidic cell culture model. Mater Today Bio 2023; 21:100703. [PMID: 37483382 PMCID: PMC10359940 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprouting angiogenesis is an essential process for expanding vascular systems under various physiological and pathological conditions. In this paper, a microfluidic device capable of integrating a hydrogel matrix for cell culture and generating stable oxygen gradients is developed to study the sprouting angiogenesis of endothelial cells under combinations of oxygen gradients and co-culture of fibroblast cells. The endothelial cells can be cultured as a monolayer endothelium inside the device to mimic an existing blood vessel, and the hydrogel without or with fibroblast cells cultured in it provides a matrix next to the formed endothelium for three-dimensional sprouting of the endothelial cells. Oxygen gradients can be stably established inside the device for cell culture using the spatially-confined chemical reaction method. Using the device, the sprouting angiogenesis under combinations of oxygen gradients and co-culture of fibroblast cells is systematically studied. The results show that the oxygen gradient and the co-culture of fibroblast cells in the hydrogel can promote sprouting of the endothelial cells into the hydrogel matrix by altering cytokines in the culture medium and the physical properties of the hydrogel. The developed device provides a powerful in vitro model to investigate sprouting angiogenesis under various in vivo-like microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Hua Hsu
- Research Center of Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Liang Ko
- Research Center of Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Peng
- Research Center of Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Wu
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Tung
- Research Center of Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Hu P, Armato U, Freddi G, Chiarini A, Dal Prà I. Human Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts Co-Cultured on Silk Fibroin Scaffolds Exosomally Overrelease Angiogenic and Growth Factors. Cells 2023; 12:1827. [PMID: 37508492 PMCID: PMC10378127 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The optimal healing of skin wounds, deep burns, and chronic ulcers is an important clinical problem. Attempts to solve it have been driving the search for skin equivalents based on synthetic or natural polymers. Methods: Consistent with this endeavor, we used regenerated silk fibroin (SF) from Bombyx mori to produce a novel compound scaffold by welding a 3D carded/hydroentangled SF-microfiber-based nonwoven layer (C/H-3D-SFnw; to support dermis engineering) to an electrospun 2D SF nanofiber layer (ESFN; a basal lamina surrogate). Next, we assessed-via scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, mono- and co-cultures of HaCaT keratinocytes and adult human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), dsDNA assays, exosome isolation, double-antibody arrays, and angiogenesis assays-whether the C/H-3D-SFnws/ESFNs would allow the reconstitution of a functional human skin analog in vitro. Results: Physical analyses proved that the C/H-3D-SFnws/ESFNs met the requirements for human soft-tissue-like implants. dsDNA assays revealed that co-cultures of HaCaTs (on the 2D ESFN surface) and HDFs (inside the 3D C/H-3D-SFnws) grew more intensely than did the respective monocultures. Double-antibody arrays showed that the CD9+/CD81+ exosomes isolated from the 14-day pooled growth media of HDF and/or HaCaT mono- or co-cultures conveyed 35 distinct angiogenic/growth factors (AGFs). However, versus monocultures' exosomes, HaCaT/HDF co-cultures' exosomes (i) transported larger amounts of 15 AGFs, i.e., PIGF, ANGPT-1, bFGF, Tie-2, Angiogenin, VEGF-A, VEGF-D, TIMP-1/-2, GRO-α/-β/-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-9, and MCP-1, and (ii) significantly more strongly stimulated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells to migrate and assemble tubes/nodes in vitro. Conclusions: Our results showed that both cell-cell and cell-SF interactions boosted the exosomal release of AGFs from HaCaTs/HDFs co-cultured on C/H-3D-SFnws/ESFNs. Hence, such exosomes are an asset for prospective clinical applications as they advance cell growth and neoangiogenesis and consequently graft take and skin healing. Moreover, this new integument analog could be instrumental in preclinical and translational studies on human skin pathophysiology and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics & Gynecology, University of Verona Medical School, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Armato
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics & Gynecology, University of Verona Medical School, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Anna Chiarini
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics & Gynecology, University of Verona Medical School, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dal Prà
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics & Gynecology, University of Verona Medical School, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Kim N, Ko Y, Shin Y, Park J, Lee AJ, Kim KW, Pyo J. Comprehensive Analysis for Anti-Cancer Target-Indication Prioritization of Placental Growth Factor Inhibitor (PGF) by Use of Omics and Patient Survival Data. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:970. [PMID: 37508400 PMCID: PMC10376188 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the placental growth factor (PGF) in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment can contribute to the induction of angiogenesis, supporting cancer cell metabolism by ensuring an adequate blood supply. Angiogenesis is a key component of cancer metabolism as it facilitates the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to rapidly growing tumor cells. PGF is recognized as a novel target for anti-cancer treatment due to its ability to overcome resistance to existing angiogenesis inhibitors and its impact on the tumor microenvironment. We aimed to integrate bioinformatics evidence using various data sources and analytic tools for target-indication identification of the PGF target and prioritize the indication across various cancer types as an initial step of drug development. The data analysis included PGF gene function, molecular pathway, protein interaction, gene expression and mutation across cancer type, survival prognosis and tumor immune infiltration association with PGF. The overall evaluation was conducted given the totality of evidence, to target the PGF gene to treat the cancer where the PGF level was highly expressed in a certain tumor type with poor survival prognosis as well as possibly associated with poor tumor infiltration level. PGF showed a significant impact on overall survival in several cancers through univariate or multivariate survival analysis. The cancers considered as target diseases for PGF inhibitors, due to their potential effects on PGF, are adrenocortical carcinoma, kidney cancers, liver hepatocellular carcinoma, stomach adenocarcinoma, and uveal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nari Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yousun Ko
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbin Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisuk Park
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Amy Junghyun Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Pyo
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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35
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Ristovska EC, Genadieva-Dimitrova M, Todorovska B, Milivojevic V, Rankovic I, Samardziski I, Bojadzioska M. The Role of Endothelial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Pregnancy-Related Pathological Conditions: A Review. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2023; 44:113-137. [PMID: 37453122 DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2023-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decades, endothelial dysfunction (ED) has been recognized as a significant contributing factor in the pathogenesis of many pathological conditions. In interaction with atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension, ED plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease, chronic renal disease, and microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus. Although ED plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of several pregnancy-related disorders such as preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, fetal growth restriction, and gestational diabetes mellitus, the exact pathogenetic mechanisms are still a matter of debate. The increased prevalence of these entities in patients with preexisting vascular diseases highlights the essential pathological role of the preexisting ED in these patients. The abnormal uteroplacental circulation and the release of soluble factors from the ischemic placenta into the maternal bloodstream are the main causes of the maternal ED underlying the characteristic preeclamptic phenotype. Besides the increased risk for maternal and fetal poor outcomes, the preexisting ED also increases the risk of development of future cardiovascular diseases in these patients. This study aimed to look deeper into the role of ED in the pathogenesis of several pregnancy-related hypertensive and liver diseases. Hopefully, it could contribute to improvement of the awareness, knowledge, and management of these conditions and also to the reduction of the adverse outcomes and additional long-term cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Curakova Ristovska
- 1University Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Magdalena Genadieva-Dimitrova
- 1University Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Beti Todorovska
- 1University Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Vladimir Milivojevic
- 2Section for Internal Medicine, Medcompass Alliance, School of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Rankovic
- 3Section for Internal Medicine, Medcompass Alliance, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Samardziski
- 4University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Maja Bojadzioska
- 5University Clinic for Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, RN Macedonia
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36
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S C, G G, LA S, W N, P M, L A, A W, V F, P W, D G, T BT. Transcriptomic profiling reveals differential cellular response to copper oxide nanoparticles and polystyrene nanoplastics in perfused human placenta. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 177:108015. [PMID: 37315489 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The growing nanoparticulate pollution (e.g. engineered nanoparticles (NPs) or nanoplastics) has been shown to pose potential threats to human health. In particular, sensitive populations such as pregnant women and their unborn children need to be protected from harmful environmental exposures. However, developmental toxicity from prenatal exposure to pollution particles is not yet well studied despite evidence of particle accumulation in human placenta. Our study aimed to investigate how copper oxide NPs (CuO NPs; 10-20 nm) and polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs; 70 nm) impact on gene expression in ex vivo perfused human placental tissue. Whole genome microarray analysis revealed changes in global gene expression profile after 6 h of perfusion with sub-cytotoxic concentrations of CuO (10 µg/mL) and PS NPs (25 µg/mL). Pathway and gene ontology enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes suggested that CuO and PS NPs trigger distinct cellular response in placental tissue. While CuO NPs induced pathways related to angiogenesis, protein misfolding and heat shock responses, PS NPs affected the expression of genes related to inflammation and iron homeostasis. The observed effects on protein misfolding, cytokine signaling, and hormones were corroborated by western blot (accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins) or qPCR analysis. Overall, the results of the present study revealed extensive and material-specific interference of CuO and PS NPs with placental gene expression from a single short-term exposure which deserves increasing attention. In addition, the placenta, which is often neglected in developmental toxicity studies, should be a key focus in the future safety assessment of NPs in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chortarea S
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Gupta G
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Saarimäki LA
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Netkueakul W
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Manser P
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Aengenheister L
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Wichser A
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials, Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Fortino V
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Wick P
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Greco D
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Buerki-Thurnherr T
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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37
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Lindberger E, Ahlsson F, Junus K, Kunovac Kallak T, Lager S, Nordlöf Callbo P, Wikström AK, Sundström Poromaa I. Early Mid-pregnancy Blood-Based Proteins as Possible Biomarkers of Increased Infant Birth Size in Sex-Stratified Analyses. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:1165-1175. [PMID: 36180668 PMCID: PMC9524307 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations of 92 maternal blood-based proteins with increased infant birth size. The study was performed at the Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden, and included 857 mother and child dyads. The mean age of the women was 30.3 years, and 53.2% were nulliparous. Blood samples were collected at mean 18 + 2 weeks' gestation, and the Olink cardiovascular II panel was used to measure 92 proteins, either known to be or suspected to be markers of cardiovascular and inflammatory disease in humans. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for maternal age, parity, pre-conception BMI, height, and smoking were performed to evaluate the association of each individual protein with infant birth size. We also performed sex-stratified analyses. Eight proteins (Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), Prostasin (PRSS8), Adrenomedullin (ADM), Pappalysin-1 (PAPP-A), Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), Sortilin (SORT1), Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), and Thrombomodulin (TM)) were associated with infant birth size after false discovery rate adjustment. In the analyses including only female infants, ten proteins (MMP-12, Growth/differentiation factor 2 (GDF-2), PRSS8, SORT1, ADM, Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1ra), Leptin (LEP), ACE2, TM, and Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A (TNFRSF11A)) were associated with infant birth size. Two proteins (PAPP-A and PRSS8) were associated with infant birth size among male infants. Our study suggests several proteins as potential biomarkers for increased birth weight, and our findings could act as a base for future research to identify new potential markers that could be added to improve screening for large infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Lindberger
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Fredrik Ahlsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katja Junus
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Susanne Lager
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paliz Nordlöf Callbo
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Wikström
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
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Facco FL, Wolsk J, Patel SR, Hubel C, Gallaher M, Cashmere JD, Wisniewski S. A trial of positive airway pressure for the treatment of sleep apnea in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:100840. [PMID: 36563879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea in pregnancy remains poorly understood and studies examining the effect of treatment with positive airway pressure on pregnancy have been limited. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to perform a randomized controlled trial of positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN Participants with a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 underwent polysomnography at 14 to 20 weeks' gestation (visit 1) and those with obstructive sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index ≥5 but <50) were enrolled. In phase 1, participants were randomized to autotitrating positive airway pressure vs sham positive airway pressure; in phase 2, the sham arm was replaced with a sleep hygiene control. Participants returned at 28 to 31 weeks' gestation (visit 2). The mean arterial blood pressure, uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index, endoglin, soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 levels, and placental growth factor levels were measured, as well as fasting glucose and insulin to calculate insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance). The primary outcome was a composite of the uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index, soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 to placental growth factor ratio, and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. For secondary analyses, each outcome variable was analyzed independently. Adherence to treatment was examined. RESULTS A total of 241 participants completed visit 1, and 89 (37%) had an apnea-hypopnea index between 5 and 50. Of the those, 51 participants were randomized in phase 1 and 38 in phase 2. There was no significant difference in our primary outcome by treatment group. In secondary analyses, the uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index was lower in participants on autotitrating positive airway pressure when compared with sleep hygiene controls. Otherwise, there were no differences in the mean arterial blood pressure, angiogenic markers, or metabolic markers in phase 1, phase 2, or across the entire study. The overall adherence to autotitrating positive airway pressure therapy was low, but the mean use was greater in phase 2 (0.3±0.6 hours/night vs 1.3±2.3 hours/night; P=.10). For those on active therapy, fasting glucose values decreased as adherence increased. CONCLUSION This randomized controlled trial of autotitrating positive airway pressure in pregnancy did not find any differences in a composite primary cardiometabolic risk profile between the treatment groups. Higher autotitrating positive airway pressure adherence was associated with lower fasting glucose levels. The use of a sham positive airway pressure control arm in phase1 may have negatively impacted adherence to active treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca L Facco
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (Drs Facco and Hubel).
| | - Jennifer Wolsk
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (Ms Wolsk and Dr Wisniewski)
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Sleep and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (Dr Patel)
| | - Carl Hubel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (Drs Facco and Hubel); Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA (Dr Hubel and Ms Gallaher)
| | - Marcia Gallaher
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA (Dr Hubel and Ms Gallaher)
| | - J David Cashmere
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA (Mr Cashmere)
| | - Stephen Wisniewski
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (Ms Wolsk and Dr Wisniewski)
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Zhu X, Chen W, Wang H. Effects of swimming before and during pregnancy on placental angiogenesis and perinatal outcome in high-fat diet-fed mice. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14562. [PMID: 36846460 PMCID: PMC9948747 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We explored the mechanism underlying exercise-mediated placental angiogenesis and perinatal outcome using mouse models. Methods Three-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into four experimental groups: standard-chow diet (SC), standard chow diet + exercise (SC-Ex), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet + exercise (HFD-Ex). After 13 weeks of exercise intervention, the male and female mice were caged. Approximately six to seven pregnant female mice from each experimental group were randomly selected for body composition, qRT-PCR, histological, and western blot analysis. The remaining mice were allowed to deliver naturally, and the perinatal outcome indexes were observed. Rusults The results showed that exercise intervention significantly improved the body composition and glucose tolerance in HFD-fed pregnant mice. The HFD group showed adipocyte infiltration, placental local hypoxia, and villous vascular thrombosis with a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the expression of VEGF and ANGPT1 proteins. Exercise intervention significantly elevated the expression of PPARγ, alleviated hypoxia and inflammation-related conditions, and inhibited angiogenesis. sFlt-1 mRNA in HFD group was significantly higher than that in SC group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the HFD significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the fertility rate in mice. Conclusions Thus, HFD aggravates placental inflammation and the hypoxic environment and downregulates the expression of PPARγ and PPARα in the placenta. However, exercise intervention can significantly alleviate these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhu
- Child Development Research Institute of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Child Development Research Institute of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Haitang Wang
- Child Development Research Institute of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Yanachkova V, Staynova R, Stankova T, Kamenov Z. Placental Growth Factor and Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A as Potential Early Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020398. [PMID: 36837599 PMCID: PMC9961527 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications and one of the main causes of adverse pregnancy outcomes. An early diagnosis of GDM is of fundamental importance in clinical practice. However, the major professional organizations recommend universal screening for GDM, using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks of gestation. A selective screening at an early stage of pregnancy is recommended only if there are maternal risk factors for diabetes. As a result, the GDM diagnosis is often delayed and established after the appearance of complications. The manifestation of GDM is directly related to insulin resistance, which is closely associated with endothelial dysfunction. The placenta, the placental peptides and hormones play a pivotal role in the manifestation and progression of insulin resistance during pregnancy. Recently, the placental growth factor (PlGF) and plasma-associated protein-A (PAPP-A), have been shown to significantly affect both insulin sensitivity and endothelial function. The principal function of PAPP-A appears to be the cleavage of circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 while PlGF has been shown to play a central role in the development and maturation of the placental vascular system and circulation. On one hand, these factors are widely used as early predictors (11-13 weeks of gestation) of complications during pregnancy, such as preeclampsia and fetal aneuploidies, in most countries. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence for their predictive role in the development of carbohydrate disorders, but some studies are rather controversial. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the available literature about the potential of serum levels of PlGF and PAPP-A as early predictors in the diagnosis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesselina Yanachkova
- Department of Endocrinology, Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology “Dr Shterev”, 1330 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radiana Staynova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Stankova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
| | - Zdravko Kamenov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Alexandrovska”, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Prospective use of amniotic mesenchymal stem cell metabolite products for tissue regeneration. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:11. [PMID: 36759827 PMCID: PMC9912508 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic disease can cause tissue and organ damage constituting the largest obstacle to therapy which, in turn, reduces patients' quality-adjusted life-year. Degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and infectious conditions such as hepatitis, cause physical injury to organs. Moreover, damage resulting from chronic conditions such as diabetes can also culminate in the loss of organ function. In these cases, organ transplantation constitutes the therapy of choice, despite the associated problems of immunological rejection, potential disease transmission, and high morbidity rates. Tissue regeneration has the potential to heal or replace tissues and organs damaged by age, disease, or trauma, as well as to treat disabilities. Stem cell use represents an unprecedented strategy for these therapies. However, product availability and mass production remain challenges. A novel therapeutic alternative involving amniotic mesenchymal stem cell metabolite products (AMSC-MP) has been developed using metabolites from stem cells which contain cytokines and growth factors. Its potential role in regenerative therapy has recently been explored, enabling broad pharmacological applications including various gastrointestinal, lung, bladder and renal conditions, as well as the treatment of bone wounds, regeneration and skin aging due to its low immunogenicity and anti-inflammatory effects. The various kinds of growth factors present in AMSC-MP, namely bFGF, VEGF, TGF-β, EGF and KGF, have their respective functions and activities. Each growth factor is formed by different proteins resulting in molecules with various physicochemical properties and levels of stability. This knowledge will assist in the manufacture and application of AMSC-MP as a therapeutic agent.
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Tsai T, Alwees M, Asaad MA, Theile J, Kakkassery V, Dick HB, Schultz T, Joachim SC. Increased Angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels in human vitreous are associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280488. [PMID: 36662891 PMCID: PMC9858353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of blindness in adults. The objective of this study was to elucidate the diabetic retinopathy pathophysiology in more detail by comparing protein alterations in human vitreous of different diabetic retinopathy stages. METHODS Vitreous samples were obtained from 116 patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy. Quantitative immunoassays were performed of angiogenic factors (VEGF-A, PIGF, Angiopoietin-1, Angiopoietin-2, Galectin-1) as well as cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ, TNF-α, CCL3) in samples from control patients (patients who don't suffer from diabetes; n = 58) as well as diabetes mellitus patients without retinopathy (n = 25), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n = 12), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients (n = 21). In addition, correlation analysis of protein levels in vitreous samples and fasting glucose values of these patients as well as correlation analyses of protein levels and VEGF-A were performed. RESULTS We detected up-regulated levels of VEGF-A (p = 0.001), PIGF (p<0.001), Angiopoietin-1 (p = 0.005), Angiopoietin-2 (p<0.001), IL-1β (p = 0.012), and IL-8 (p = 0.018) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy samples. Interestingly, we found a strong positive correlation between Angiopoietin-2 and VEGF-A levels as well as a positive correlation between Angiopoietin-1 and VEGF-A. CONCLUSION This indicated that further angiogenic factors, besides VEGF, but also pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in disease progression and development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In contrast, factors other than angiogenic factors seem to play a crucial role in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy development. A detailed breakdown of the pathophysiology contributes to future detection and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tsai
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mohannad Alwees
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mohammad Ali Asaad
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Janine Theile
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vinodh Kakkassery
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - H. Burkhard Dick
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Schultz
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie C. Joachim
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Onslow ML, Wolsk J, Wisniewski S, Patel S, Gallaher M, Hubel C, Cashmere DJ, Facco FL. The association between sleep-disordered breathing and maternal endothelial and metabolic markers in pregnancies complicated by obesity. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:97-109. [PMID: 36004747 PMCID: PMC9806794 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) on vascular, angiogenic and metabolic analytes in pregnancy. METHODS Participants with a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 underwent polysomnography at 14-20 weeks gestation (visit 1). Participants with SDB (defined as an apnea-hypopnea index ≥5 events/h) were then enrolled in a separate trial. SDB-negative participants returned for a polysomnogram at 28-31 weeks (visit 2) and were recategorized as persistent-negative SDB or new-onset SDB. Mean arterial blood pressure, mean uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index, endoglin, soluble Feline McDonough Sarcoma-like tyrosine kinase 1, placental growth factor, and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance were measured after each visit. Our primary outcome was a composite of uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index, soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1/placental growth factor ratio, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. For secondary analyses, each outcome variable was analyzed independently. RESULTS A total of 242 and 130 participants completed visit 1 and visit 2, respectively. Newly diagnosed SDB was present in 37% of individuals at visit 1 and 31% of individuals at visit 2. No significant differences in our composite outcome vector were observed in individuals with and without SDB at either visit. In our secondary analysis, mean arterial blood pressure (88.7 ± 7.3 mm Hg vs 85.4 ± 7.1 mm Hg, P = .04) and fasting glucose (92.4 ± 15.2 mg/dL vs 86.6 ± 11.5 mg/dL, P = .05) were higher in participants with early pregnancy SDB. These associations were not observed for new-onset SDB. No associations were observed between uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index and angiogenic markers and SDB in pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS SDB in early pregnancy was not associated with our composite primary outcome but was associated with higher mean arterial blood pressure and fasting glucose. The pathophysiologic changes that occur in pregnant individuals with SDB and how they lead to an increased risk of preeclampsia and gestational diabetes remain poorly understood. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Sleep Disordered Breathing, Obesity and Pregnancy Study (SOAP); URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02086448; Identifier: NCT02086448. CITATION Onslow ML, Wolsk J, Wisniewski S, et al. The association between sleep-disordered breathing and maternal endothelial and metabolic markers in pregnancies complicated by obesity. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(1):97-109.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell L. Onslow
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jennifer Wolsk
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen Wisniewski
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Center for Sleep and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research, Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Carl Hubel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Magee‐Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Francesca L. Facco
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Mei C, Gong W, Wang X, Lv Y, Zhang Y, Wu S, Zhu C. Anti-angiogenic therapy in ovarian cancer: Current understandings and prospects of precision medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1147717. [PMID: 36959862 PMCID: PMC10027942 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1147717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the most fatal disease of gynecologic malignant tumors. Angiogenesis refers to the development of new vessels from pre-existing ones, which is responsible for supplying nutrients and removing metabolic waste. Although not yet completely understood, tumor vascularization is orchestrated by multiple secreted factors and signaling pathways. The most central proangiogenic signal, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR signaling, is also the primary target of initial clinical anti-angiogenic effort. However, the efficiency of therapy has so far been modest due to the low response rate and rapidly emerging acquiring resistance. This review focused on the current understanding of the in-depth mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis, together with the newest reports of clinical trial outcomes and resistance mechanism of anti-angiogenic agents in OC. We also emphatically summarized and analyzed previously reported biomarkers and predictive models to describe the prospect of precision therapy of anti-angiogenic drugs in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijing Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongning Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sanlan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Sanlan Wu, ; Chunqi Zhu,
| | - Chunqi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Sanlan Wu, ; Chunqi Zhu,
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Vitreous protein networks around ANG2 and VEGF in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and the differential effects of aflibercept versus bevacizumab pre-treatment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21062. [PMID: 36473885 PMCID: PMC9726866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signalling proteins interact in networks rather than in isolation. In this context we investigated vitreous protein levels, including placental growth factor (PlGF), angiopoietin-2 (ANG2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with variable disease severities, and after anti-VEGF pre-treatment. Vitreous samples of 112 consecutive patients undergoing vitrectomy for PDR and of 52 non-diabetic patients with macular holes as controls were studied. A subset of the PDR patients were treated with either aflibercept (AFB, n = 25) or bevacizumab (BVZ)/ranibizumab (RZB) (n = 13), before surgery. Antibody-based analysis of 35 proteins (growth factors and cytokines) showed a significant increase in expression levels of 27 proteins in PDR patients as compared to controls. In network analysis of co-regulated proteins, a strong correlation in expression levels between VEGF, PlGF, MCP1 and ANG2 was found, mostly clustered around ANG2. In the AFB treatment group, concentrations of several proteins were decreased, including VEGFR1, whereas interleukin 6 and 8 were increased as compared to untreated PDR patients. The observed differences in vitreous protein levels between the different treatments and untreated PDR patients may underlie differences in clinical outcomes in patients with PDR.
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Wang AN, Carlos J, Singh KK, Fraser GM, McGuire JJ. Endothelium dysfunction in hind limb arteries of male Zucker Diabetic-Sprague Dawley rats. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115319. [PMID: 36279920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium dysfunction produces peripheral vascular disease comorbidities in type 2 diabetes, including hypertension, and critical limb ischemia. In this study we aimed to test endothelial dysfunction, the vasodilator effects of a proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) agonist (2fLIGRLO), and thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor (ozagrel) on PAR2 vasodilation in hind limb arteries ex vivo, using Zucker Diabetic-Sprague Dawley (ZDSD) rats, a model of type 2 diabetes. Male Sprague Dawley rats (SD) and ZDSD were fed a high-fat content 'Western diet' from 16 to 20 weeks of age (wks) then fed a standard laboratory diet. We identified diabetic ZDSD rats by two consecutive blood glucose measurements > 12.5 mM, based on weekly monitoring. We used acetylcholine, 2fLIGRLO, and nitroprusside with wire-myograph methods to compare relaxations of femoral, and saphenous arteries from diabetic ZDSD (21-23 wks) to age-matched normoglycemic SD. All arteries showed evidence of endothelium dysfunction using acetylcholine (reduced maximum relaxations, reduced sensitivity), and higher sensitivities to 2fLIGRLO, and nitroprusside in ZDSD vs SD. Ozagrel treatment of ZDSD distal segments, and end-branches of saphenous arteries decreased their sensitivities to 2fLIGRLO. We tested aortas for altered expression of endothelium-specific gene targets using PCR array and qPCR. PAR2, and placental growth factor gene transcripts were 1.5, and 4-times higher in ZDSD than SD aortas. Hind limb arteries of ZDSD exhibit endothelium dysfunction having less GPCR agonist induced vasodilation by endothelial NO-release. Different expression of several endothelial genes in ZDSD vs SD aortas, including PAR2, suggests altered inflammatory, and angiogenesis signaling pathways in the endothelium of ZDSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N Wang
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joselia Carlos
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham M Fraser
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - John J McGuire
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Li S, Guo L, Zhou P, Tang J, Wang Z, Zhang L, Zhao M, Qu J. Comparison of efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab and conbercept before vitrectomy in Chinese proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 9:44. [PMID: 36451252 PMCID: PMC9714121 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the efficacy and safety of preoperative intravitreal injections of ranibizumab and conbercept in Chinese proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients. METHODS This prospective randomized controlled trial enrolled 90 eyes of 80 patients with PDR. Forty-four eyes of 40 patients that received intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injections (0.5 mg/0.05 mL) before vitreous surgeries were assigned to the IVR group. Forty-six eyes of 40 patients that received intravitreal conbercept (IVC) injections (0.5 mg/0.05 mL) before vitreous surgeries were assigned to the IVC group. Intraoperative and postoperative indices were assessed for further comparison between the two groups. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in all surgery indices, including intraoperative indices (surgery time, P = 0.225; intraoperative bleeding, P = 0.808; endodiathermy use, P = 0.693; incidence of iatrogenic retinal breaks, P = 0.740; relaxing retinotomy, P = 0.682; retinal reattachment, P = 0.682 and silicone oil tamponade, P = 0.814) and postoperative indices (postoperative vitreous hemorrhage (VH), P = 0.808; neovascular glaucoma (NVG), P = 0.964; recurrent retinal detachment, P = 0.531; postoperative fibrovascular proliferation progression, P = 0.682 and reoperation, P = 0.955) between the two groups. There were no statistically significant differences in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at each follow-up visit (P = 0.939, 0.669, 0.741 and 0.717, respectively) or in central retinal thickness (CRT) (P = 0.976, 0.699, 0.551 and 0.686, respectively). As for safety profile, both groups had no ocular or system adverse events during the observation period. CONCLUSIONS IVR and IVC as a pretreatment of vitrectomy had similar efficacy and safety profile for Chinese PDR patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT05414149 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Li
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China ,Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Guo
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China ,Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Zhou
- grid.452866.bDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province China
| | - Jiyang Tang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China ,Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zongyi Wang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China ,Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linqi Zhang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China ,Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Mingwei Zhao
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China ,Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Qu
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China ,Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Awobajo FO, Medobi EF, Abdul MW, Aminu BB, Ojimma CT, Dada OG. The effect of genistein on IGF-1, PlGF, sFLT-1 and fetoplacental development. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 329:114122. [PMID: 36063867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which genistein, a phytoestrogen, affects fetoplacental development adversely are still poorly understood. It is reported that genistein ingestion modulates thyroid functions, leptin hormone, C-reactive protein, and thyroxin kinase activities. In this study, we evaluated changes in serum and placental insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1), placental growth factor (PIGF), and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1) in pregnant rats exposed to genistein using ELISA. According to the treatments, Rats were divided into control, 2 mg genistein, and 4 mg genistein groups. Genistein groups were administered with the doses orally from gestational day (GD) one onwards until sacrifice, while the control group received an equal volume of distilled water the vehicle. At GD-12, GD-16, and GD-20, serum samples and placenta homogenates were prepared from maternal blood samples and the placenta and were analysed to determine the concentration of IGF-1, sFLT-1, and PIGF. Serum IGF-1 and PIGF were both increased in all genistein groups at GD-12 and GD-16, and at GD-20 in the 4 mg group. However, serum IGF-1and PIGF levels were decreased in the placenta from all genistein groups at GD-20. Placenta sFLT-1 levels increased at both GD-16 and GD-20 in genistein-treated rat serum. An initial decrease in placental sFLT-1 at GD-12 was followed by an increase at GD-16 and finally a decrease at GD-20 in all genistein-treated rats. The sFL-1/PlGF ratio in placenta samples of genistein-exposed rats was decreased at GD-16 and increased at GD-20, while the reverse was recorded in the serum sample at the same gestational periods. The fetoplacental growth disruption mechanism of genistein can be partly explained by its interference with placental growth factor signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O Awobajo
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - E F Medobi
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - M W Abdul
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - B B Aminu
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - C T Ojimma
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O G Dada
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Nigeria
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Liu Q, Li Y, Li J, Wang Y, Mao B. Association of the IL-6 gene rs1800796 polymorphism with recurrent pregnancy loss in a population of women from northwestern China: a case-control study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:2787-2792. [PMID: 35980661 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2109407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify whether IL-1β (rs1143627, rs1143634 and rs16944), IL-6 (rs1800796), IL-10(rs1800872 and rs1800896), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (rs1570360) gene polymorphisms were risk factors for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in a population of women in northwestern China. A total of 150 women with a history of two or more unexplained and consecutive spontaneous abortions before their 24th gestational week and 150 age-matched women with at least two normal pregnancies and no history of pregnancy loss were included in the present study as cases and controls, respectively. We extracted genomic DNA from peripheral blood, and executed genotyping with the SNaPshot technique. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the odds ratios (ORs) of the associations between the polymorphisms and RPL. Of the seven polymorphisms we studied, only IL-6 rs1800796 showed a statistically significant association with RPL, as we noted an elevated risk of RPL with the G allele (OR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.10-2.24; p = .01). The risk of RPL in women with the GG + CG genotype (OR = 1.96; 95% CI, 1.19-3.21; p = .01) was also higher than that in women with the CC genotype. The present study thus indicated that the IL-6 gene rs1800796 polymorphism may serve as an important risk factor for RPL in this group of women from northwestern China.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Cytokine and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene polymorphisms may affect the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) by modulating cytokine and VEGF expression.What do the results of this study add? The study results showed that the IL-6 rs1800796 single-nucleotide polymorphism constituted a risk factor for RPL in a population of women in northwestern China.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study clearly reflects clinical significance as it provides a theoretical basis for the early screening of RPL by revealing that the IL-6 gene rs1800796 polymorphism increased the risk of RPL in women in northwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Research Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Research Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Research Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Research Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baohong Mao
- Research Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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50
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Azzarito G, Kurmann L, Leeners B, Dubey RK. Micro-RNA193a-3p Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Driven Growth of Vascular Endothelial Cells by Altering Secretome and Inhibiting Mitogenesis: Transcriptomic and Functional Evidence. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192967. [PMID: 36230929 PMCID: PMC9562882 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) cell secretome in the tumor microenvironment (TME) facilitates neo-angiogenesis by promoting vascular endothelial cell (VEC) growth. Drugs that block BC cell growth or angiogenesis can restrict tumor growth and are of clinical relevance. Molecules that can target both BC cell and VEC growth as well as BC secretome may be more effective in treating BC. Since small non-coding microRNAs (miRs) regulate cell growth and miR193a-3p has onco-suppressor activity, we investigated whether miR193a-3p inhibits MCF-7-driven growth (proliferation, migration, capillary formation, signal transduction) of VECs. Using BC cells and VECs grown in monolayers or 3D spheroids and gene microarrays, we demonstrate that: pro-growth effects of MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 conditioned medium (CM) are lost in CM collected from MCF-7/MDA-MB231 cells pre-transfected with miR193a-3p (miR193a-CM). Moreover, miR193a-CM inhibited MAPK and Akt phosphorylation in VECs. In microarray gene expression studies, miR193a-CM upregulated 553 genes and downregulated 543 genes in VECs. Transcriptomic and pathway enrichment analysis of differentially regulated genes revealed downregulation of interferon-associated genes and pathways that induce angiogenesis and BC/tumor growth. An angiogenesis proteome array confirmed the downregulation of 20 pro-angiogenesis proteins by miR193a-CM in VECs. Additionally, in MCF-7 cells and VECs, estradiol (E2) downregulated miR193a-3p expression and induced growth. Ectopic expression of miR193a-3p abrogated the growth stimulatory effects of estradiol E2 and serum in MCF-7 cells and VECs, as well as in MCF-7 and MCF-7+VEC 3D spheroids. Immunostaining of MCF-7+VEC spheroid sections with ki67 showed miR193a-3p inhibits cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings provide first evidence that miR193a-3p abrogates MCF-7-driven growth of VECs by altering MCF-7 secretome and downregulating pro-growth interferon signals and proangiogenic proteins. Additionally, miR193a-3p inhibits serum and E2-induced growth of MCF-7, VECs, and MCF-7+VEC spheroids. In conclusion, miRNA193a-3p can potentially target/inhibit BC tumor angiogenesis via a dual mechanism: (1) altering proangiogenic BC secretome/TME and (2) inhibiting VEC growth. It may represent a therapeutic molecule to target breast tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Azzarito
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Kurmann
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Leeners
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Raghvendra K. Dubey
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Correspondence:
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