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Galal MA, Al-Rimawi M, Hajeer A, Dahman H, Alouch S, Aljada A. Metformin: A Dual-Role Player in Cancer Treatment and Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4083. [PMID: 38612893 PMCID: PMC11012626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to pose a significant global health challenge, as evidenced by the increasing incidence rates and high mortality rates, despite the advancements made in chemotherapy. The emergence of chemoresistance further complicates the effectiveness of treatment. However, there is growing interest in the potential of metformin, a commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as an adjuvant chemotherapy agent in cancer treatment. Although the precise mechanism of action of metformin in cancer therapy is not fully understood, it has been found to have pleiotropic effects, including the modulation of metabolic pathways, reduction in inflammation, and the regulation of cellular proliferation. This comprehensive review examines the anticancer properties of metformin, drawing insights from various studies conducted in vitro and in vivo, as well as from clinical trials and observational research. This review discusses the mechanisms of action involving both insulin-dependent and independent pathways, shedding light on the potential of metformin as a therapeutic agent for different types of cancer. Despite promising findings, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as conflicting outcomes in clinical trials, considerations regarding dosing, and the development of resistance. These challenges highlight the importance of further research to fully harness the therapeutic potential of metformin in cancer treatment. The aims of this review are to provide a contemporary understanding of the role of metformin in cancer therapy and identify areas for future exploration in the pursuit of effective anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ahmed Galal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Mohammed Al-Rimawi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | | | - Huda Dahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Samhar Alouch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Aljada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
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Tang W, Wang J, Dai T, Qiu H, Liu C, Chen S, Hu Z. Association of leptin receptor polymorphisms with susceptibility of non-small cell lung cancer: Evidence from 2249 subjects. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7178. [PMID: 38659416 PMCID: PMC11043686 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is increasing dramatically. It is believed that energy metabolism-related genes could play an important role in etiology of NSCLC. In this study, we sought to assess the correlation between three LEPR single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1137101, rs1137100 and rs6588147) with NSCLS susceptibility. In total, 1193 NSCLC cases and 1056 controls were included. SNPscan™ genotyping method was used to analyze the genotypes of LEPR polymorphisms. Compared to rs6588147 GG in LEPR gene, this study identified a protective role of LEPR rs6588147 GA and GA/AA for the occurrence of NSCLC (GA vs. GG [p = 0.021] and GA/AA vs. GG [p = 0.030]). As well, we found that a protective role of LEPR rs6588147 for the occurrence of non-SCC subgroup (p < 0.05). By logistic regression analysis, we found that the rs6588147 A allele related genotypes might play a protective role for the occurrence of NSCLC in drinking, BMI ≥24 kg/m2, smoking and male subgroups. We also found that the rs1137101 A allele related genotypes played a protective role for the occurrence of NSCLC in male, younger participants (under 59 years) and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥24 kg/m2) subgroups. We found that LEPR Ars1037100Ars1037101Ars6588147 haplotype might play a protective role for the occurrence of NSCLC (p = 0.013). In addition, our findings indicated that LEPR rs1137100 G>A SNP might increase the risk of lymph node metastases (p = 0.038). This study highlights that LEPR rs6588147, rs1137101 genotypes and LEPR Ars1037100Ars1037101Ars6588147 haplotype are correlated with the occurrence of NSCLC. LEPR rs1137100 G>A SNP increases the risk of lymph node metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Tang
- Departments of Esophageal Surgery and Thoracic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryAffiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityYixingJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Ting Dai
- Department of PharmacyAffiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityYixingJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Hao Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryAffiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Shuchen Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina
| | - Zhendong Hu
- Departments of Esophageal Surgery and Thoracic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina
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Yen FS, Chang SH, Wei JCC, Shih YH, Hwu CM. Respiratory Outcomes of Insulin Use in Patients with COPD: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050643. [PMID: 37242426 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with severe hyperglycemia may require insulin to lower glucose levels in people with coexisting type 2 diabetes (T2D) and COPD. We conducted this study to examine the risk of hospitalization for COPD, pneumonia, ventilator use, lung cancer, hypoglycemia, and mortality with and without insulin use in people with T2D and COPD. We adopted propensity-score-matching to identify 2370 paired insulin users and non-users from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2018. Cox proportional hazards models and the Kaplan-Meier method were utilized to compare the risk of outcomes between study and control groups. The mean follow-up for insulin users and non-users was 6.65 and 6.37 years. Compared with no insulin use, insulin use was associated with a significantly increased risk of hospitalization for COPD (aHR 1.7), bacterial pneumonia (aHR 2.42), non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (aHR 5.05), invasive mechanical ventilation (aHR 2.72), and severe hypoglycemia (aHR 4.71), but with no significant difference in the risk of death. This nationwide cohort study showed that patients with T2D and COPD requiring insulin therapy may have an increased risk of acute COPD exacerbations, pneumonia, ventilator use, and severe hypoglycemia without a significant increase in the risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shun Yen
- Dr. Yen's Clinic, No. 15, Shanying Road, Gueishan District, Taoyuan 33354, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hao Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Ching Hospital, No. 139, Pingdeng Street, Central District, Taichung 40045, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, South District, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsiu Shih
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, No. 155, Section 2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Zhou F, Guan J, Zhou L, Chen B. Action Mechanism of Metformin and Its Application in Hematological Malignancy Treatments: A Review. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020250. [PMID: 36830619 PMCID: PMC9953052 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies (HMs) mainly include acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma and other heterogeneous tumors that seriously threaten human life and health. The common effective treatments are radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which have limited options and are prone to tumor recurrence and (or) drug resistance. Metformin is the first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Recently, studies identified the potential anti-cancer ability of metformin in both T2DM patients and patients that are non-diabetic. The latest epidemiological and preclinical studies suggested a potential benefit of metformin in the prevention and treatment of patients with HM. The mechanism may involve the activation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway by metformin as well as other AMPK-independent pathways to exert anti-cancer properties. In addition, combining current conventional anti-cancer drugs with metformin may improve the efficacy and reduce adverse drug reactions. Therefore, metformin can also be used as an adjuvant therapeutic agent for HM. This paper highlights the anti-hyperglycemic effects and potential anti-cancer effects of metformin, and also compiles the in vitro and clinical trials of metformin as an anti-cancer and chemosensitizing agent for the treatment of HM. The need for future research on the use of metformin in the treatment of HM is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Baoan Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8327-2006
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Characterization of Butyrate-Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines and the Cytotoxicity of Anticancer Drugs against These Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6565300. [PMID: 35909471 PMCID: PMC9325644 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6565300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in homeostasis and carcinogenesis. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by the gut microbiota, plays a role in intestinal homeostasis and acts as an anticancer agent by inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis. However, microbiota studies have revealed an abnormally high abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in patients with CRC and indicated that it leads to chemoresistance. We characterized butyrate resistance in HCT-116 and PMF-K014 CRC cells after treatment with a maximum butyrate concentration of 3.2 mM. The 50% inhibitory concentration of butyrate was increased in butyrate-resistant (BR) cells compared with that in parental (PT) cells. The mechanism of butyrate resistance was initially investigated by determining the expression of butyrate influx- and drug efflux-related genes. We found the increased expression of influx- and efflux-related genes in BR cells compared with that in PT cells. Proteomic data showed both identical and different proteins in PT and BR cells. Further analysis revealed the crossresistance of HCT-116 cells to metformin and oxaliplatin and that of PMF-K014 cells to 5-fluorouracil. Our findings suggest that the acquisition of butyrate resistance induces the development of chemoresistance in CRC cells, which may play an important role in CRC development, treatment, and metastasis.
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Stott Bond NL, Dréau D, Marriott I, Bennett JM, Turner MJ, Arthur ST, Marino JS. Low-Dose Metformin as a Monotherapy Does Not Reduce Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Tumor Burden in Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111685. [PMID: 34829914 PMCID: PMC8615566 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) makes up 80-85% of lung cancer diagnoses. Lung cancer patients undergo surgical procedures, chemotherapy, and/or radiation. Chemotherapy and radiation can induce deleterious systemic side effects, particularly within skeletal muscle. To determine whether metformin reduces NSCLC tumor burden while maintaining skeletal muscle health, C57BL/6J mice were injected with Lewis lung cancer (LL/2), containing a bioluminescent reporter for in vivo tracking, into the left lung. Control and metformin (250 mg/kg) groups received treatments twice weekly. Skeletal muscle was analyzed for changes in genes and proteins related to inflammation, muscle mass, and metabolism. The LL/2 model effectively mimics lung cancer growth and tumor burden. The in vivo data indicate that metformin as administered was not associated with significant improvement in tumor burden in this immunocompetent NSCLC model. Additionally, metformin was not associated with significant changes in key tumor cell division and inflammation markers, or improved skeletal muscle health. Metformin treatment, while exhibiting anti-neoplastic characteristics in many cancers, appears not to be an appropriate monotherapy for NSCLC tumor growth in vivo. Future studies should pursue co-treatment modalities, with metformin as a potentially supportive drug rather than a monotherapy to mitigate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Stott Bond
- Distance Education, Technology and Integration, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA 30597, USA;
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Applied Physiology, Health, and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (M.J.T.); (S.T.A.)
| | - Didier Dréau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (D.D.); (I.M.)
| | - Ian Marriott
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (D.D.); (I.M.)
| | - Jeanette M. Bennett
- Department of Psychological Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Michael J. Turner
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Applied Physiology, Health, and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (M.J.T.); (S.T.A.)
| | - Susan T. Arthur
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Applied Physiology, Health, and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (M.J.T.); (S.T.A.)
| | - Joseph S. Marino
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Applied Physiology, Health, and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (M.J.T.); (S.T.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Is Downregulated in Barrett's Esophagus Patients Undergoing a Moderate Calorie and Protein Restriction Program: A Randomized 2-Year Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103638. [PMID: 34684639 PMCID: PMC8537306 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and associated insulin resistance (Ins-R) have been identified as important risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma development. Elevated calories and protein consumption are also associated with Ins-R and glucose intolerance. We investigated the effect of a 24-month moderate calorie and protein restriction program on overweight or obese patients affected by Barrett’s esophagus (BE), as no similar dietary approach has been attempted to date in this disease context. Anthropometric parameters, levels of serum analytes related to obesity and Ins-R, and the esophageal insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway were analyzed. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03813381. Insulin, C-peptide, IGF-1, IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), adipokines, and esophageal expression of the main proteins involved in insulin/IGF-1 signal transduction were quantified using Luminex-XMAP® technology in 46 patients who followed the restriction program (IA) and in 54 controls (CA). Body mass index and waist circumference significantly decreased in 76.1% of IA and 35.2% of CA. IGF-1 levels were reduced in 71.7% of IA and 51.8% of CA. The simultaneous reduction of glycaemia, IGF-1, the IGF-1/IGFBP3 ratio, and the improvement in weight loss-dependent insulin sensitivity, were associated with the downregulation of the insulin/IGF-1 signal on BE tissue. The proposed intervention program was an effective approach to counteract obesity-associated cancer risk factors. The improvement in metabolic condition resulted in a downregulation of the ERK-mediated mitogenic signal in 43.5% of patients, probably affecting the molecular mechanism driving adenocarcinoma development in BE lesions.
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Wang JL, Tsai YT, Lin CH, Cidem A, Staniczek T, Chang GRL, Yen CC, Chen W, Chong KY, Chen CM. Benefits of Metformin Combined with Pemetrexed-Based Platinum Doublets as a First-Line Therapy for Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients with Diabetes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081252. [PMID: 34439918 PMCID: PMC8392201 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains a challenge in daily practice. Chemotherapy is first considered for advanced lung adenocarcinoma bearing no active driver mutations. Maintaining drug efficacy and overcoming drug resistance are essential. This study aimed to explore the real-world use of anti-diabetic agent metformin in combination with pemetrexed-based platinum doublets in a first-line setting. We retrospectively collected data during 2004~2013 from TaiwaN's National Health Insurance Research Database to access the survival benefit of metformin combined with pemetrexed-based platinum doublets as a first-line therapy for diabetic patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Demographic data and information regarding platinum reagents, diabetes medications, and metformin doses were gathered, and overall survival status regarding metformin use was analyzed. Overall survival status based on the daily dose and the calculated cumulative defined daily dose (DDD) of metformin prescribed during the first 3 months after lung cancer was diagnosed was also assessed. A total of 495 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 67 years old, and the majority of the patients were male. After adjusting for age, sex, diabetes medication, and platinum reagents used, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the metformin-user group was 0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI); 0.46~0.79; p < 0.001). The metformin-user group had a survival benefit (log-rank p < 0.001). We analyzed metformin dosing during the first 3 months after lung cancer diagnosis, and for a daily dose ≥ 1500 mg, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 0.42 (95% CI; 0.27~0.65; p < 0.001). Regarding the cumulative DDD of metformin, a DDD equal to or exceeding 21 resulted in aHR of 0.48 (95% CI; 0.34~0.69; p < 0.001). In this study, we found that the combination of metformin and pemetrexed-based platinum doublets provides a robust survival benefit as a first-line therapy for diabetic patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. It is worth conducting a large and randomized clinical trial to further investigate the antitumor effects of metformin on advanced lung adenocarcinoma when used as a first-ling therapy, including in non-diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Long Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (A.C.); (T.S.); (G.R.-L.C.)
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Heng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan;
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
| | - Abdulkadir Cidem
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (A.C.); (T.S.); (G.R.-L.C.)
| | - Theresa Staniczek
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (A.C.); (T.S.); (G.R.-L.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Heidelberg University, 69117 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gary Ro-Lin Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (A.C.); (T.S.); (G.R.-L.C.)
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, and College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan;
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-Y.C.); (C.-M.C.); Tel.: +886-3-2118393 (K.-Y.C.); +886-4-22856309 (C.-M.C.)
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (A.C.); (T.S.); (G.R.-L.C.)
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, and RongHsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-Y.C.); (C.-M.C.); Tel.: +886-3-2118393 (K.-Y.C.); +886-4-22856309 (C.-M.C.)
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Abdelrahman S, Alghrably M, Campagna M, Hauser CAE, Jaremko M, Lachowicz JI. Metal Complex Formation and Anticancer Activity of Cu(I) and Cu(II) Complexes with Metformin. Molecules 2021; 26:4730. [PMID: 34443319 PMCID: PMC8401132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin has been used for decades in millions of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. In this time, correlations between metformin use and the occurrence of other disorders have been noted, as well as unpredictable metformin side effects. Diabetes is a significant cancer risk factor, but unexpectedly, metformin-treated diabetic patients have lower cancer incidence. Here, we show that metformin forms stable complexes with copper (II) ions. Both copper(I)/metformin and copper(II)/metformin complexes form adducts with glutathione, the main intracellular antioxidative peptide, found at high levels in cancer cells. Metformin reduces cell number and viability in SW1222 and K562 cells, as well as in K562-200 multidrug-resistant cells. Notably, the antiproliferative effect of metformin is enhanced in the presence of copper ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Abdelrahman
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mawadda Alghrably
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Policlinico Universitario, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Charlotte Armgard Emma Hauser
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Policlinico Universitario, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
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The evolving role of targeted metformin administration for the prevention and treatment of endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021; 50:102164. [PMID: 33992830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of metformin in endometrial cancer (EC), focusing on its potential preventive effect in breast cancer and obese patients and its safety and efficacy when added to progesterone monotherapy in EC patients who wish to preserve their fertility. METHODS We reviewed the literature and then conducted a meta-analysis of the relevant parameters. RESULTS A total of 6 studies was included in the meta-analysis. Regarding the pre-surgical treatment with metformin versus placebo, meta-analysis of mean difference in Ki-67 after treatment among two groups, revealed no difference (MD -7.10, 95% CI -23.31 to 9.11, p = 0.39). Meta-analysis of fertility sparing EC management with a combination of megestrol acetate (MA) and metformin (500 mg three times a day) in comparison with monotherapy with 160 mg daily MA revealed no difference in either complete response or partial response rates (166 patients OR 2.94, 95% CI 0.85 to 10.15, p = 0.09 and 166 patients OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.66, p = 0.49, respectively). As far as breast cancer survivors under tamoxifen are concerned, metformin was associated with significantly reduced median endometrial thickness after 52 weeks of evaluation compared to women in placebo group (2.3 mm vs 3.0 mm, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Metformin neither was found to be an anti-proliferative agent against the development of endometrial cancer nor beneficial in addition to the progesterone monotherapy for EC fertility sparing candidates. However, a protective effect of metformin was demonstrated in breast cancer survivors under tamoxifen. Clinical outcomes of the ongoing trials are warranted to evaluate the therapeutic use of metformin in EC.
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Zhang K, Bai P, Dai H, Deng Z. Metformin and risk of cancer among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Diabetes 2021; 15:52-58. [PMID: 32605879 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM We carried out this meta-analysis on all published studies to estimate the overall cancer risk of the use of metformin in T2DM patients. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Embase and CNKI databases for all articles within a range of published years from 2007 to 2019 on the association between the use of metformin and cancer risk in T2DM patients. The odds ratio (OR) corresponding to the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to assess the association using a random-effect meta-analysis. RESULTS Finally, 67 studies met the inclusion criteria for this study, with 10,695,875 T2DM patients and 145,108 cancer cases. Overall, For T2DM patients of ever vs. never metformin users, there was statistical evidence of significantly decreased cancer risk was found to be associated with ever metformin users (OR=0.70, 95% CI=0.65-0.76). Considering T2DM may be a specific and independent risk factor for various forms of cancer, due to its particular metabolic characteristics of glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia, we performed a comparison to estimate the effects of metformin on cancer risk with other anti-diabetes medications (ADMs), our results found significantly decreased cancer risk to be associated with the use of metformin (OR=0.80, 95% CI=0.73-0.87). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis indicated that metformin may be a independent protective factor for cancer risk in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Bai
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Deng
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Respiratory outcomes of metformin use in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10298. [PMID: 32581289 PMCID: PMC7314747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies investigated the respiratory outcomes of metformin use in patients with coexistent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We want to compare the long-term respiratory endpoints of metformin use and nonuse in patients with T2DM and COPD. This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with T2DM and COPD from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Program between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2012. Main outcomes were hospitalized bacterial pneumonia, hospitalization for COPD, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and lung cancer. In total, 20,644 propensity score-matched metformin users and nonusers were assessed. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of metformin use relative to nonuse for bacterial pneumonia, hospitalization for COPD, NIPPV, IMV, and lung cancer were 1.17 (1.11–1.23), 1.34 (1.26–1.43), 0.99 (0.89–1.10), 1.10 (1.03–1.17), and 1.12 (0.96–1.30). Metformin use also exhibited significant dose–response relationship with respect to the risks of bacterial pneumonia, hospitalization for COPD and IMV. Consistent results were found in the sensitivity test. This nationwide cohort study demonstrated that in patients with T2DM and COPD, metformin use was associated with higher risks of pneumonia, hospitalization for COPD, and IMV. If patients with COPD use metformin, vigilance with regard to their pulmonary condition may be required.
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13
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Ghiasi B, Sarokhani D, Najafi F, Motedayen M, Dehkordi AH. The Relationship Between Prostate Cancer and Metformin Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1021-1029. [PMID: 30767734 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190215123759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is the most common malignant cancer in men worldwide and after lung cancer, it is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in men. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between prostate cancer and metformin consumption in men. METHODS The current study is a systematic and meta-analysis review based on the PRISMA statement. To access the studies of domestic and foreign databases, Iran Medex, SID, Magiran, Iran Doc, Medlib, ProQuest, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and the Google Scholar search engine were searched during the 2009- 2018 period for related keywords. In order to evaluate the heterogeneity of the studies, Q test and I2 indicator were used. The data were analyzed using the STATA 15.1 software. RESULTS In 11 studies with a sample size of 877058, the odds ratio of metformin consumption for reducing prostate cancer was estimated at 0.89 (95%CI: 0.67-1.17). Meta-regression also showed there was no significant relationship between the odds ratio and the publication year of the study. However, there was a significant relationship between the odds ratio and the number of research samples. CONCLUSION Using metformin in men reduces the risk of prostate cancer but it is not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Ghiasi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Diana Sarokhani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), School of Public Health, Kermanshah Uninversity of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), School of Public Health, Kermanshah Uninversity of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Morteza Motedayen
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Hasanpour Dehkordi
- Department of Medical-Surgical, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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14
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Wang X, Wang H, Zhang T, Cai L, Dai E, He J. Diabetes and its Potential Impact on Head and Neck Oncogenesis. J Cancer 2020; 11:583-591. [PMID: 31942181 PMCID: PMC6959048 DOI: 10.7150/jca.35607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of diabetes mellitus and cancer has increased sharply; indeed, these have become the two most important diseases threatening health and survival. Head and neck (HN) tumors are the sixth most common malignancies in humans. Numerous studies have shown that there are many common risk factors for diabetes mellitus and HN squamous cell carcinoma, including advanced age, poor diet and lifestyle, and environmental factors. However, the mechanism linking the two diseases has not been identified. A number of studies have shown that diabetes affects the development, metastasis, and prognosis of HN cancer, potentially through the associated hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, or chronic inflammation. More recent studies show that metformin, the first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, can significantly reduce the risk of HN tumor development and reduce mortality in diabetic patients. Here, we review recent progress in the study of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and HN carcinogenesis, and its potential mechanisms, in order to provide a scientific basis for the early diagnosis and effective treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.,Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Tianfu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.,Departments of Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Enyong Dai
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jinting He
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
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15
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Roos JF, Qudsi M, Samara A, Rahim MM, Al-Bayedh SA, Ahmed H. Metformin for lung cancer prevention and improved survival: a novel approach. Eur J Cancer Prev 2019; 28:311-315. [PMID: 29481337 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has been associated with increased risk for the development of many types of cancer. Metformin, an oral medication and first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been suggested to reduce cancer risk and mortality in various types of cancer. This study focuses on assessing metformin association with lung cancer as reported in the literature. Recent studies and reviews investigating metformin effects on lung cancer incidence and patient survival are critically and systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana F Roos
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Dubai Pharmacy College
| | - Mariam Qudsi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Dubai Pharmacy College
| | - Arwa Samara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Dubai Pharmacy College
| | - Madina M Rahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Dubai Pharmacy College
| | - Samar A Al-Bayedh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Dubai Pharmacy College
| | - Hafez Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Dubai Medical College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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16
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Wang Y, Maurer MJ, Larson MC, Allmer C, Feldman AL, Bennani NN, Thompson CA, Porrata LF, Habermann TM, Witzig TE, Ansell SM, Slager SL, Nowakowski GS, Cerhan JR. Impact of metformin use on the outcomes of newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2019; 186:820-828. [PMID: 31135975 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The diabetes mellitus (DM) drug metformin targets mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin and inhibits lymphoma growth in vitro. We investigated whether metformin affected outcomes of newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL, n = 869) and follicular lymphoma (FL, n = 895) patients enrolled in the Mayo component of the Molecular Epidemiology Resource cohort study between 2002 and 2015. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, prognostic index and treatment were used to estimate the association of metformin exposure (No DM/No metformin; DM/No metformin; DM/Metformin) with event-free (EFS), lymphoma-specific (LSS) and overall (OS) survival. Compared to No DM/No metformin DLBCL patients, there was no association of DM/Metformin (n = 48; HR = 1·05, 95% CI 0·59-1·89) or DM/No metformin(n = 54; HR = 1·41, 95% CI 0·88-2·26) with EFS; results were similar for LSS and OS. Compared to No DM/No metformin FL patients, there was no association of DM/Metformin (n = 37; HR = 1·16, 95% CI 0·71-1·89) or DM/No metformin (n = 19; HR = 1·16, 95% CI 0·66-2·04) with EFS; results were similar for LSS. However, DM/Metformin was associated with inferior OS (HR = 2·17; 95% CI 1·19-3·95) compared to No DM/No metformin. In conclusion, we found no evidence that metformin use was associated with improved outcomes in newly diagnosed DLBCL and FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucai Wang
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew J Maurer
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Melissa C Larson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cristine Allmer
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Susan L Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - James R Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between metformin use and the risk of prostate cancer is still inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all eligible cohort studies to evaluate a potential association of metformin use with prostate cancer risk. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases through July 2018. A DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Eighteen cohort or nested case-control studies were included in this study with a total of 52,328 cases. In a random-effect pooled analysis, metformin use was not significantly associated with the risk of prostate cancer (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.80-1.16, P = .711). Statistically significant heterogeneity was identified among included studies (P < .001, I = 98.1%). Sensitivity analysis indicated that no single study dominated the pooled RR. CONCLUSION The present large meta-analysis of cohort studies did not find an association between metformin use and prostate cancer risk.
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18
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer are correlated with changes in insulin signaling, a pathway that is frequently upregulated in neoplastic tissue but impaired in tissues that are classically targeted by insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Many antidiabetes treatments, particularly metformin, enhance insulin signaling, but this pathway can be inhibited by specific cancer treatments. The modulation of cancer growth by metformin and of insulin sensitivity by anticancer drugs is so common that this phenomenon is being studied in hundreds of clinical trials on cancer. Many meta-analyses have consistently shown a moderate but direct effect of body mass index on the incidence of multiple myeloma and lymphoma and the elevated risk of leukemia in adults. Moreover, new epidemiological and preclinical studies indicate metformin as a therapeutic agent in patients with leukemia, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma. In this article, we review current findings on the anticancer activities of metformin and the underlying mechanisms from preclinical and ongoing studies in hematologic malignancies.
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19
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Abstract
Metformin is a lipophilic biguanide which inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and improves peripheral utilization of glucose. It is the first line pharmacotherapy for glucose control in patients with Type 2 diabetes due to its safety, efficacy and tolerability. Metformin exhibits pleotropic effects, which may have beneficial effects on a variety of tissues independent of glucose control. A potential anti-tumourigenic effect of metformin may be mediated by its role in activating AMP-kinase, which in turn inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Non-AMPK dependent protective pathways may include reduction of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, inflammatory pathways and potentiation of adiponectin, all of which may have a role in tumourigenesis. A role in inhibiting cancer stem cells is also postulated. A number of large scale observational and cohort studies suggest metformin is associated with a reduced risk of a number of cancers, although the data is not conclusive. Recent randomised studies reporting use of metformin in treatment of cancer have revealed mixed results, and the results of much larger randomised trials of metformin as an adjuvant therapy in breast and colorectal cancers are awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwika Mallik
- (a)International Training Fellow in Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tahseen A Chowdhury
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
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20
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Talakatta G, Sarikhani M, Muhamed J, Dhanya K, Somashekar BS, Mahesh PA, Sundaresan N, Ravindra PV. Diabetes induces fibrotic changes in the lung through the activation of TGF-β signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11920. [PMID: 30093732 PMCID: PMC6085305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the long term, diabetes profoundly affects multiple organs, such as the kidney, heart, brain, liver, and eyes. The gradual loss of function in these vital organs contributes to mortality. Nonetheless, the effects of diabetes on the lung tissue are not well understood. Clinical and experimental data from our studies revealed that diabetes induces inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the lung. These changes were mediated by TGF-β-activated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathways. Our studies also found that glucose restriction promoted mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) and substantially reversed inflammatory and fibrotic changes, suggesting that diabetes-induced EMT was mediated in part by the effects of hyperglycemia. Additionally, the persistent exposure of diabetic cells to high glucose concentrations (25 mM) promoted the upregulation of caveolin-1, N-cadherin, SIRT3, SIRT7 and lactate levels, suggesting that long-term diabetes may promote cell proliferation. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that diabetes induces fibrotic changes in the lung via TGF-β1-activated EMT pathways and that elevated SMAD7 partially protects the lung during the initial stages of diabetes. These findings have implications for the management of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Talakatta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Mohsen Sarikhani
- Cardiovascular and Muscle Research Lab, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangaluru, 560012, India
| | - Jaseer Muhamed
- Cardiovascular and Muscle Research Lab, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangaluru, 560012, India
| | - K Dhanya
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, KRS Road, Mysuru, 570020, India
| | - Bagganahalli S Somashekar
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, KRS Road, Mysuru, 570020, India
| | - Padukudru Anand Mahesh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Nagalingam Sundaresan
- Cardiovascular and Muscle Research Lab, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangaluru, 560012, India
| | - P V Ravindra
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, KRS Road, Mysuru, 570020, India.
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21
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Zhang J, Wu J, He Q, Liang W, He J. The prognostic value of metformin for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2018; 7:389-396. [PMID: 30050776 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2018.03.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background The prognostic value of Metformin for concurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been controversial in previous individual studies and meta-analyses. In order to further investigate the value of this medication, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis for patients with advanced or inoperable NSCLC. Methods We searched articles from PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases; the time interval was from the inception date of the databases to 1 September 2017. Inclusion criteria for eligible studies were: advanced or inoperable NSCLC; Metformin as an experimental group, and non-Metformin usage as a control group; progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) as the outcome, with available hazard ratio (HR). Data synthesis was conducted based on the random-effect model. Results From a total of 97 articles in databases, we included seven eligible studies. Among them, only one study compared Metformin usage and non-Metformin usage for NSCLC patients who didn't have diabetes mellitus (DM): no significant difference was found in either OS or PFS. The remaining six studies compared Metformin usage and non-Metformin usage for patients with concurrent NSCLC and DM: according to meta-analysis, significantly prolonged OS was found in Metformin usage rather than non-Metformin usage [pooled HR =0.87 (0.77-0.99), P=0.04]; no significant difference was indicated in PFS [pooled HR =0.85 (0.67-1.07), P=0.16]. In subgroup analysis, among patients with late-stage NSCLC and DM, significant difference was found, regardless of OS [pooled HR =0.81 (0.70-0.94), P<0.01] or PFS [pooled HR =0.71 (0.58-0.88), P<0.01]. However, among patients with local advanced NSCLC and DM, there was no significant difference [OS: pooled HR =1.05 (0.79-1.40), P=0.74; PFS: pooled HR =0.94 (0.68-1.32), P=0.74]. Conclusions The prognostic value of Metformin for concurrent late-stage NSCLC and DM was demonstrated. It deserves further confirmation and explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Zhang
- George Warren Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qihua He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 501530, China.,National Clinical Research Centre of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 501530, China.,National Clinical Research Centre of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 501530, China.,National Clinical Research Centre of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
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22
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Wei M, Mao S, Lu G, Li L, Lan X, Huang Z, Chen Y, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Xia Q. Valproic acid sensitizes metformin-resistant human renal cell carcinoma cells by upregulating H3 acetylation and EMT reversal. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:434. [PMID: 29665787 PMCID: PMC5902941 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin (Met) is a widely available diabetic drug and shows suppressed effects on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metabolism and proliferation. Laboratory studies in RCC suggested that metformin has remarkable antitumor activities and seems to be a potential antitumor drug. But the facts that metformin may be not effective in reducing the risk of RCC in cancer clinical trials made it difficult to determine the benefits of metformin in RCC prevention and treatment. The mechanisms underlying the different conclusions between laboratory experiments and clinical analysis remains unclear. The goal of the present study was to determine whether long-term metformin use can induce resistance in RCC, whether metformin resistance could be used to explain the disaccord in laboratory and clinical studies, and whether the drug valproic acid (VPA), which inhibits histone deacetylase, exhibits synergistic cytotoxicity with metformin and can counteract the resistance of metformin in RCC. METHODS We performed CCK8, transwell, wound healing assay, flow cytometry and western blotting to detect the regulations of proliferation, migration, cell cycle and apoptosis in 786-O, ACHN and metformin resistance 786-O (786-M-R) cells treated with VPA, metformin or a combination of two drugs. We used TGF-β, SC79, LY294002, Rapamycin, protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor to treat the 786-O or 786-M-R cells and detected the regulations in TGF-β /pSMAD3 and AMPK/AKT pathways. RESULTS 786-M-R was refractory to metformin-induced antitumor effects on proliferation, migration, cell cycle and cell apoptosis. AMPK/AKT pathways and TGF-β/SMAD3 pathways showed low sensibilities in 786-M-R. The histone H3 acetylation diminished in the 786-M-R cells. However, the addition of VPA dramatically upregulated histone H3 acetylation, increased the sensibility of AKT and inhibited pSMAD3/SMAD4, letting the combination of VPA and metformin remarkably reappear the anti-tumour effects of metformin in 786-M-R cells. CONCLUSIONS VPA not only exhibits synergistic cytotoxicity with metformin but also counteracts resistance to metformin in renal cell carcinoma cell. The re-sensitization to metformin induced by VPA in metformin-resistant cells may help treat renal cell carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyun Wei
- Department of Center Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 544 Jingsi Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shaowei Mao
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 9677 Jingshidong Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guoliang Lu
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 9677 Jingshidong Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Liang Li
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 9677 Jingshidong Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lan
- Department of Urology, Qingdao center Hospital, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhongxian Huang
- Department of Urology, Jinan center Hospital, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yougen Chen
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 9677 Jingshidong Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Miaoqing Zhao
- Department of pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324, Jingwu weiqi Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yueran Zhao
- Department of Center Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 544 Jingsi Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qinghua Xia
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 9677 Jingshidong Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong Province, China.
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23
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Arcidiacono D, Dedja A, Giacometti C, Fassan M, Nucci D, Francia S, Fabris F, Zaramella A, Gallagher EJ, Cassaro M, Rugge M, LeRoith D, Alberti A, Realdon S. Hyperinsulinemia Promotes Esophageal Cancer Development in a Surgically-Induced Duodeno-Esophageal Reflux Murine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041198. [PMID: 29662006 PMCID: PMC5979452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia could have a role in the growing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its pre-cancerous lesion, Barrett's Esophagus, a possible consequence of Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease. Obesity is known to mediate esophageal carcinogenesis through different mechanisms including insulin-resistance leading to hyperinsulinemia, which may mediate cancer progression via the insulin/insulin-like growth factor axis. We used the hyperinsulinemic non-obese FVB/N (Friend leukemia virus B strain) MKR (muscle (M)-IGF1R-lysine (K)-arginine (R) mouse model to evaluate the exclusive role of hyperinsulinemia in the pathogenesis of EAC related to duodeno-esophageal reflux. FVB/N wild-type (WT) and MKR mice underwent jejunum-esophageal anastomosis side-to end with the exclusion of the stomach. Thirty weeks after surgery, the esophagus was processed for histological, immunological and insulin/Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signal transduction analyses. Most of the WT mice (63.1%) developed dysplasia, whereas most of the MKR mice (74.3%) developed squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinomas, both expressing Human Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Hyperinsulinemia significantly increased esophageal cancer incidence in the presence of duodenal-reflux. Insulin receptor (IR) and IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) were overexpressed in the hyperinsulinemic condition. IGF1R, through ERK1/2 mitogenic pattern activation, seems to be involved in cancer onset. Hyperinsulinemia-induced IGF1R and HER2 up-regulation could also increase the possibility of forming of IGF1R/HER2 heterodimers to support cell growth/proliferation/progression in esophageal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Arcidiacono
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Arben Dedja
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Giacometti
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, ULSS 6 Euganea, via Cosma, 1, Camposampiero, 35012 Padua, Italy.
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Daniele Nucci
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Simona Francia
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine-VIMM, via Orus, 2, 35129 Padua, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, via Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| | - Federico Fabris
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine-VIMM, via Orus, 2, 35129 Padua, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Gabelli, 63, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Alice Zaramella
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine-VIMM, via Orus, 2, 35129 Padua, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Gabelli, 63, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Emily J Gallagher
- Division of Endocrinology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Mauro Cassaro
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, ULSS 6 Euganea, via Cosma, 1, Camposampiero, 35012 Padua, Italy.
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Alfredo Alberti
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine-VIMM, via Orus, 2, 35129 Padua, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Gabelli, 63, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Stefano Realdon
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padua, Italy.
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24
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Tseng CH. Metformin and lung cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oncotarget 2018; 8:41132-41142. [PMID: 28456789 PMCID: PMC5522244 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated whether metformin might reduce lung cancer risk. The reimbursement database of the Taiwan's National Health Insurance was used. A sample of 15414 never users and 280159 ever users of metformin (original sample) and a 1:1 matched-pairs of ever and never users (n=15414 in each group, matched sample) were recruited from patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus during 1999-2005. They were followed until December 31, 2011. Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity score was used to estimate hazard ratios. Results showed that the respective incidence of lung cancer in ever and never users was 173.36 and 292.65 per 100000 person-years in the original sample; and was 211.71 and 292.65, respectively, in the matched sample. The overall hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.586 (0.509-0.674) in the original sample and 0.717 (0.584-0.881) in the matched sample suggested a significantly lower risk among metformin users. Hazard ratios comparing the first (<22.60 months), second (22.60-46.67 months) and third (>46.67 months) tertile of cumulative duration of metformin use to never users was 1.163 (1.005-1.348), 0.612 (0.526-0.711) and 0.176 (0.148-0.210), respectively, in the original sample; and was 1.465 (1.131-1.897), 0.758 (0.566-1.016) and 0.228 (1.460-0.357) in the respective tertile of the matched sample. Sensitivity analyses after excluding patients with certain risk factors of cancer and subgroup analyses supported a favorable effect of metformin. In conclusion, metformin use may reduce lung cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiao Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine of the National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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25
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Li L, Wang Y, Peng T, Zhang K, Lin C, Han R, Lu C, He Y. Metformin restores crizotinib sensitivity in crizotinib-resistant human lung cancer cells through inhibition of IGF1-R signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:34442-52. [PMID: 27144340 PMCID: PMC5085167 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Despite the impressive efficacy of crizotinib for the treatment of ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer, patients invariably develop therapeutic resistance. Suppression of the IGF-1R signaling pathway may abrogate this acquired mechanism of drug resistance to crizotinib. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic agent, may reverse crizotinib resistance through inhibition of IGF-1R signaling. Results The present study revealed that metformin effectively increased the sensitivity of both crizotinib-sensitive and -resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells to crizotinib, as evidenced by decreased proliferation and invasion and enhanced apoptosis. Metformin reduced IGF-1R signaling activation in crizotinib-resistant cells. Furthermore, the addition of IGF-1 to crizotinib-sensitive H2228 cells induced crizotinib resistance, which was overcome by metformin. Experimental design The effects of metformin to reverse crizotinib resistance were examined in vitro by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT), invasion assay, ki67 incorporation assay, flow cytometry analysis, Western blot analysis, and colony-forming assay. Conclusions Metformin may be used in combination with crizotinib in ALK+ NSCLC patients to overcome crizotinib resistance and prolong survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Kejun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Labratory, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Caiyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Conghua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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26
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Gong J, Kelekar G, Shen J, Shen J, Kaur S, Mita M. The expanding role of metformin in cancer: an update on antitumor mechanisms and clinical development. Target Oncol 2017; 11:447-67. [PMID: 26864078 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-016-0423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metformin has been used for nearly a century to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epidemiologic studies first identified the association between metformin and reduced risk of several cancers. The anticancer mechanisms of metformin involve both indirect or insulin-dependent pathways and direct or insulin-independent pathways. Preclinical studies have demonstrated metformin's broad anticancer activity across a spectrum of malignancies. Prospective clinical trials involving metformin in the chemoprevention and treatment of cancer now number in the hundreds. We provide an update on the anticancer mechanisms of metformin and review the results thus far available from prospective clinical trials investigating metformin's efficacy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gong
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gauri Kelekar
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James Shen
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John Shen
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sukhpreet Kaur
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Monica Mita
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Experimental Therapeutics Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, SCCT Mezzanine MS 35, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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27
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Liu F, Yan L, Wang Z, Lu Y, Chu Y, Li X, Liu Y, Rui D, Nie S, Xiang H. Metformin therapy and risk of colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16017-16026. [PMID: 27926481 PMCID: PMC5362542 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that metformin therapy may be associated with a decreased colorectal adenoma/colorectal cancer risk in type 2 diabetes patients. However, results are not consistent. We therefore performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between metformin therapy and risk of colorectal adenomas/colorectal cancer in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. We searched the literature published before Aug 31, 2016 in four databases: PubMed, Embase database, CNKI and VIP Library of Chinese Journal. Summary risk estimates (adjusted OR/adjusted RR/adjusted HR) with their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were obtained using a random effects model. Twenty studies (including 12 cohort studies, 7 case-control studies and 1 randomized controlled trial study) were selected in terms of data of colorectal adenomas or colorectal cancer incidence. Metformin therapy was found to be associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal adenomas (unadjusted OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.71-0.90, p=0.0002). When the adjusted data were analyzed, the summary estimate decreased to 25% reduction in colorectal adenomas risk (adjusted OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.59-0.97, p=0.03). Besides, a significant reduction of colorectal cancer risk was also observed (unadjusted OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.62-0.86, p=0.0002). And when the adjusted data were analyzed, colorectal cancer risk for metformin users was decreased with a reduction of 22%, compared with non-metformin users and other treatment users (adjusted OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.70-0.87, p<0.00001). Our meta-analysis suggested that metformin therapy may be associated with a decreased risk of colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lijing Yan
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan university, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan university, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Public Health Sciences, University Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - Yuanyuan Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yisi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Dongsheng Rui
- Department Of Public Health, Medicial College Shihezi University, Shihezi city, 832000, China
| | - Shaofa Nie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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28
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Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and risk of cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81027-81039. [PMID: 29113364 PMCID: PMC5655259 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that anti-diabetic medications may modify the risk of cancer. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) on the risk of cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus. We conducted a systematic search of Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, up to September 30, 2016. Random-effects model was used to estimate the summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI. Twenty-five studies (14 cohort, 7 case-control, and 4 randomized controlled trials) involving 1,285,433 patients with diabetes were included. Meta-analysis of observational studies showed that the use of AGIs was associated with a lower risk of developing cancer (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.78-0.96), especially gastrointestinal cancer (OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.71-0.97). There was considerable heterogeneity across the studies introduced partly by the quality of included studies and adjustment for potential confounders. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials did not reveal any significant association between AGIs and cancer risk. Meta-analysis of observational studies indicated that AGIs may decrease the risk of cancer in individuals with diabetes.
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29
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Metformin Use Is Associated with Reduced Incidence and Improved Survival of Endometrial Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5905384. [PMID: 28409158 PMCID: PMC5376924 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5905384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies have suggested that metformin can potentially decrease the incidence of cancer and improve survival outcomes. However, the association between metformin use and the incidence and survival of endometrial cancer (EC) remains controversial. So, a meta-analysis was performed. An electronic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. The outcome measures were relative risks (RRs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the EC incidence and survival in patients treated with and without metformin. Eleven studies involving 766,926 participants were included in this study. In the pooled analysis of five studies which evaluated the association of metformin use with the incidence of EC, we found that metformin use was associated with a 13% reduction in EC risk among patients with diabetes (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.80–0.95; p = 0.006). In the pooled analysis of six retrospective cohort studies evaluating the effect of metformin on the survival of EC patients, we found that, relative to nonuse, metformin use significantly improved the survival of EC patients (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.45–0.87; p = 0.006). This study showed that metformin use was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of EC in diabetes and a favorable survival outcome of EC patients.
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30
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Gui DY, Sullivan LB, Luengo A, Hosios AM, Bush LN, Gitego N, Davidson SM, Freinkman E, Thomas CJ, Vander Heiden MG. Environment Dictates Dependence on Mitochondrial Complex I for NAD+ and Aspartate Production and Determines Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Metformin. Cell Metab 2016; 24:716-727. [PMID: 27746050 PMCID: PMC5102768 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metformin use is associated with reduced cancer mortality, but how metformin impacts cancer outcomes is controversial. Although metformin can act on cells autonomously to inhibit tumor growth, the doses of metformin that inhibit proliferation in tissue culture are much higher than what has been described in vivo. Here, we show that the environment drastically alters sensitivity to metformin and other complex I inhibitors. We find that complex I supports proliferation by regenerating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+, and metformin's anti-proliferative effect is due to loss of NAD+/NADH homeostasis and inhibition of aspartate biosynthesis. However, complex I is only one of many inputs that determines the cellular NAD+/NADH ratio, and dependency on complex I is dictated by the activity of other pathways that affect NAD+ regeneration and aspartate levels. This suggests that cancer drug sensitivity and resistance are not intrinsic properties of cancer cells, and demonstrates that the environment can dictate sensitivity to therapies that impact cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Y Gui
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Lucas B Sullivan
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alba Luengo
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Aaron M Hosios
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Lauren N Bush
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nadege Gitego
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Craig J Thomas
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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31
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Systemic hypertension and diabetes mellitus as predictors of malignancy among women with endometrial polyps: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Menopause 2016; 23:691-7. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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