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Słowiński D, Świerczyńska M, Romański J, Podsiadły R. HPLC Study of Product Formed in the Reaction of NBD-Derived Fluorescent Probe with Hydrogen Sulfide, Cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, and Glutathione. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238305. [PMID: 36500398 PMCID: PMC9736530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its bioderivatives analogs, such as L-cysteine (L-Cys) and glutathione (GSH), are ubiquitous biological thiols in the physiological and pathological processes of living systems. Their aberrant concentration levels are associated with many diseases. Although several NBD-based fluorescence probes have been developed to detect biological thiols, the HPLC-detection of H2S, GSH, L-Cys, and N-acetylcysteine-specific products has not been described. Herein, a novel NBD-derived pro-coumarin probe has been synthesized and used to develop a new strategy for the triple mode detection of H2S and such thiols as GSH, L-Cys, and NAC. Hydrogen sulfide and those biothiols at physiological pH release fluorescent coumarin from the probe and cause a significant fluorescence enhancement at 473 nm. The appropriate NBD-derived product for H2S, L-Cys, GSH, and NAC has a different color and retention time that allows distinguishing these biological thiols meaning the probe has a great possibility in the biological application. Fluorescent imaging combined with colorimetric and HPLC detection of H2S/biothiol-specific product(s) brings a potential tool for confirming the presence of biological thiols and determining concentrations in various aqueous biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Słowiński
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Świerczyńska
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Romański
- Department of Organic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Podsiadły
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Development of Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060772. [PMID: 35740897 PMCID: PMC9221447 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological mechanisms underlying pulmonary hypertension (PH), as well as its treatment strategy, are crucial issues in this field. This review aimed to summarize the pathological mechanisms by which the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway contributes to PH development and its future implications. The data in this review were obtained from Medline and PubMed sources up to 2022 using the search terms "hydrogen sulfide" and "pulmonary hypertension". In the review, we discussed the significance of endogenous H2S pathway alteration in PH development and showed the advance of the role of H2S as the third gasotransmitter in the mechanisms for hypoxic PH, monocrotaline-induced PH, high blood flow-induced PH, and congenital heart disease-associated PH. Notably, H2S plays a crucial role in the development of PH via certain mechanisms, such as inhibiting the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, suppressing the inflammation and oxidative stress of pulmonary artery endothelial cells, inducing pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis, and interacting with other gaseous signaling pathways. Recently, a variety of H2S donors were developed, including naturally occurring donors and synthetic H2S donors. Therefore, understanding the role of H2S in PH development may help in further exploring novel potential therapeutic targets of PH.
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He W, Su X, Chen L, Liu C, Lu W, Wang T, Wang J. Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15101. [PMID: 34981661 PMCID: PMC8724678 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the specific roles of PBMCs in the development and progression of idiopathic PAH (IPAH) have not been fully understood. METHODS Here, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of PBMCs or lung tissues between IPAH patients and healthy controls were identified via bioinformatics analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE33463 and GSE48149, respectively. Subsequently, extensive target prediction and network analysis were performed to assess protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and pathway enrichment for DEGs. Co-expressed DEGs between PBMCs and lung tissues coupled with corresponding predicted miRNAs involved in PAH were also assessed. We identified 251 DEGs in PBMCs and 151 DEGs in lung tissue samples from IPAH. PDK4, RBPMS2, and PDE5A expression were altered in both PBMCs and lung tissues from IPAH patients compared to healthy control. RESULTS CXCL8, JUN, TLR8, IL1B, and TLR7 could be implicated as the hub genes in PBMCs, whereas ENO1, STAT1, CXCL10, GPI, and IRF1 in lung tissues. Finally, co-expressed DEGs of PDK4, RBPMS2, and PDE5A coupled with corresponding predicted miRNAs, especially miR-103a-3p, miR-185-5p, and miR-515-5p, are significantly associated with IPAH. CONCLUSION Our findings collectively suggest that the expression levels of PDK4, RBPMS2, and PDE5A in PBMCs are associated with the expression of these genes in lung tissues. Thus, these molecules may serve as potential circulating biomarkers and/or possible therapeutic targets for IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CenterLocation VU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Xi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lingdan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
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Liang QQ, Liu L. Application of vascular endothelial cells in stem cell medicine. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:10765-10780. [PMID: 35047589 PMCID: PMC8678855 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i35.10765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell medicine is gaining momentum in the development of therapy for various end-stage diseases. The search for new seed cells and exploration of their application prospects are topics of interest in stem cell medicine. In recent years, vascular endothelial cells (VECs) have attracted wide attention from scholars. VECs, which form the inner lining of blood vessels, are critically involved in many physiological functions, including permeability, angiogenesis, blood pressure regulation, immunity, and pathological development, such as atherosclerosis and malignant tumors. VECs have significant therapeutic effects and broad application prospects in stem cell medicine for the treatment of various refractory diseases, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, diabetic complications, hypertension, coronavirus disease 2019, and malignant tumors. On the one hand, VECs and their extracellular vesicles can be directly used for the treatment of these diseases. On the other hand, VECs can be used as therapeutic targets for some diseases. However, there are still some obstacles to the use of VECs in stem cell medicine. In this review, advances in the applications and challenges that come with the use of these cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Liao YX, Wang XH, Bai Y, Lin F, Li MX, Mi WJ, Sun WL, Chen YH. Relationship Between Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide and Pulmonary Vascular Indexes on High-Resolution Computed Tomography in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2279-2289. [PMID: 34408410 PMCID: PMC8364359 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s314349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) indexes in pulmonary vascular remodeling. Methods A total of 94 stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients were recruited for the study.Plasma H2S levels were measured using fluorescence probe. Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure H2S synthase cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) mRNA and cystathionine-β-synthesis enzyme (CBS) mRNA. The main pulmonary artery diameter (mPAD), axial diagonal mPAD, coronal mPAD, sagittal mPAD, right pulmonary artery diameter (RPAD), left pulmonary artery diameter (LPAD), and ascending aortic diameter (AAD) and the percentage of total cross-sectional area of vessels less than 5 mm2 of total lung area (%CSA <5) on HRCT were measured. Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) of echocardiography, blood gas analysis, and routine blood tests were performed. Correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression were performed using SPSS 22.0. Results H2S was negatively correlated with mPAD, axial diagonal mPAD, and sagittal mPAD (r = -0.25~-0.32) and positively correlated with PaO2 (r = 0.35). Relative expression of CSE mRNA was positively correlated with PASP, coronal mPAD, sagittal mPAD, white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophil count (N) (r = 0.30~0.44). The relative expression of CBS mRNA was positively correlated with PASP, WBC, and N (r = 0.34~0.41). In separate models predicting pulmonary vascular indexes, a 1μmol/L increase in H2S predicted lower pulmonary artery diameter (for axial diagonal mPAD, 0.76mm lower; for mPAD/AAD, 0.68mm lower). All P values were less than 0.05. Conclusion Endogenous H2S may be involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling, providing a new method for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD. The generation of H2S may be inhibited by hypoxia, inflammation, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Liao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Xia Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jun Mi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Lu Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Hong Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
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Wu Y, Cai C, Xiang Y, Zhao H, Lv L, Zeng C. Naringin Ameliorates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Through Endothelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition Inhibition. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:696135. [PMID: 34335261 PMCID: PMC8320371 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.696135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) caused by enhanced arterial pressure increases vessel resistance in the lung. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) plays key roles in the vascular remodeling in PAH. Naringin, a protective gaseous mediator is commonly extracted from tomatoes and citrus fruits (such as grapefruits), and demonstrates anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferation, and anti-tumor effects. Meanwhile, the association of Naringin and the process of EndMT is still unclear. In this study, monocrotaline (MCT) administration (60 mg/kg) was delivered for the induction of PAH in rats. Following this, Naringin (concentrations: 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day) was used for treatments. Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with Naringin and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1, 10 ng/ml). As the result, Naringin was demonstrated to inhibit EndMT and alleviate PAH progression. In particular, in HUVECs, Naringin significantly suppressed the mesenchymal marker expression induced by TGFβ1 treatment, enhanced the endothelial marker expression, and inhibited the activation of ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. To conclude, this study provided novel evidence suggesting the beneficial effects of Naringin in PAH through the inhibition of the ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways and the EndMT progression in pulmonary arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Changhong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Yijia Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Lingchun Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Chunlai Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
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Liu HT, Zhou ZX, Ren Z, Yang S, Liu LS, Wang Z, Wei DH, Ma XF, Ma Y, Jiang ZS. EndMT: Potential Target of H 2S against Atherosclerosis. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3666-3680. [PMID: 33200693 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999201116194634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic arterial wall illness that forms atherosclerotic plaques within the arteries. Plaque formation and endothelial dysfunction are atherosclerosis' characteristics. It is believed that the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis mainly include endothelial cell damage, lipoprotein deposition, inflammation and fibrous cap formation, but its molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Therefore, protecting the vascular endothelium from damage is one of the key factors against atherosclerosis. The factors and processes involved in vascular endothelial injury are complex. Finding out the key factors and mechanisms of atherosclerosis caused by vascular endothelial injury is an important target for reversing and preventing atherosclerosis. Changes in cell adhesion are the early characteristics of EndMT, and cell adhesion is related to vascular endothelial injury and atherosclerosis. Recent researches have exhibited that endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) can urge atherosclerosis' progress, and it is expected that inhibition of EndMT will be an object for anti-atherosclerosis. We speculate whether inhibition of EndMT can become an effective target for reversing atherosclerosis by improving cell adhesion changes and vascular endothelial injury. Studies have shown that H2S has a strong cardiovascular protective effect. As H2S has anti- inflammatory, anti-oxidant, inhibiting foam cell formation, regulating ion channels and enhancing cell adhesion and endothelial functions, the current research on H2S in cardiovascular aspects is increasing, but anti-atherosclerosis's molecular mechanism and the function of H2S in EndMT have not been explicit. In order to explore the mechanism of H2S against atherosclerosis, to find an effective target to reverse atherosclerosis, we sum up the progress of EndMT promoting atherosclerosis, and Hydrogen sulfide's potential anti- EndMT effect is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Zhong Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Sai Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Lu-Shan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Dang-Heng Wei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
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Roubenne L, Marthan R, Le Grand B, Guibert C. Hydrogen Sulfide Metabolism and Pulmonary Hypertension. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061477. [PMID: 34204699 PMCID: PMC8231487 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe and multifactorial disease characterized by a progressive elevation of pulmonary arterial resistance and pressure due to remodeling, inflammation, oxidative stress, and vasoreactive alterations of pulmonary arteries (PAs). Currently, the etiology of these pathological features is not clearly understood and, therefore, no curative treatment is available. Since the 1990s, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been described as the third gasotransmitter with plethoric regulatory functions in cardiovascular tissues, especially in pulmonary circulation. Alteration in H2S biogenesis has been associated with the hallmarks of PH. H2S is also involved in pulmonary vascular cell homeostasis via the regulation of hypoxia response and mitochondrial bioenergetics, which are critical phenomena affected during the development of PH. In addition, H2S modulates ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) activity, and is associated with PA relaxation. In vitro or in vivo H2S supplementation exerts antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, and reduces PA remodeling. Altogether, current findings suggest that H2S promotes protective effects against PH, and could be a relevant target for a new therapeutic strategy, using attractive H2S-releasing molecules. Thus, the present review discusses the involvement and dysregulation of H2S metabolism in pulmonary circulation pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Roubenne
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Avenue du Haut-Lévêque, F-33604 Pessac, France; (L.R.); (R.M.)
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ Bordeaux, U1045, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- OP2 Drugs, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, F-33604 Pessac, France;
| | - Roger Marthan
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Avenue du Haut-Lévêque, F-33604 Pessac, France; (L.R.); (R.M.)
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ Bordeaux, U1045, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Bruno Le Grand
- OP2 Drugs, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, F-33604 Pessac, France;
| | - Christelle Guibert
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Avenue du Haut-Lévêque, F-33604 Pessac, France; (L.R.); (R.M.)
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ Bordeaux, U1045, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Correspondence:
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Testai L, Brancaleone V, Flori L, Montanaro R, Calderone V. Modulation of EndMT by Hydrogen Sulfide in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060910. [PMID: 34205197 PMCID: PMC8229400 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has been described as a fundamental process during embryogenesis; however, it can occur also in adult age, underlying pathological events, including fibrosis. Indeed, during EndMT, the endothelial cells lose their specific markers, such as vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype, expressing specific products, such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type I collagen; moreover, the integrity of the endothelium is disrupted, and cells show a migratory, invasive and proliferative phenotype. Several stimuli can trigger this transition, but transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) is considered the most relevant. EndMT can proceed in a canonical smad-dependent or non-canonical smad-independent manner and ultimately regulate gene expression of pro-fibrotic machinery. These events lead to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis at the vascular level as well as myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Indeed, EndMT is the mechanism which promotes the progression of cardiovascular disorders following hypertension, diabetes, heart failure and also ageing. In this scenario, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been widely described for its preventive properties, but its role in EndMT is poorly investigated. This review is focused on the evaluation of the putative role of H2S in the EndMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.F.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Ageing, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Vincenzo Brancaleone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (V.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.F.); (V.C.)
| | - Rosangela Montanaro
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (V.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.F.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Ageing, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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10
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Wang TM, Wang SS, Xu YJ, Zhao CM, Qiao XH, Yang CX, Liu XY, Yang YQ. SOX17 Loss-of-Function Mutation Underlying Familial Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int Heart J 2021; 62:566-574. [PMID: 33952808 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) refers to a rare, progressive disorder that is characterized by occlusive pulmonary vascular remodeling, resulting in increased pulmonary arterial pressure, right-sided heart failure, and eventual death. Emerging evidence from genetic investigations of pediatric-onset PAH highlights the strong genetic basis underpinning PAH, and deleterious variants in multiple genes have been found to cause PAH. Nevertheless, PAH is of substantial genetic heterogeneity, and the genetic defects underlying PAH in the overwhelming majority of cases remain elusive. In this investigation, a consanguineous family suffering from PAH transmitted as an autosomal-dominant trait was identified. Through whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses as well as Sanger sequencing analyses of the PAH family, a novel heterozygous SOX17 mutation, NM_022454.4: c.379C>T; p. (Gln127*), was found to co-segregate with the disease in the family, with complete penetrance. The nonsense mutation was neither observed in 612 unrelated healthy volunteers nor retrieved in the population genetic databases encompassing the Genome Aggregation Database, the Exome Aggregation Consortium database, and the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism database. Biological analyses using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system revealed that the Gln127*-mutant SOX17 protein lost the ability to transcriptionally activate its target gene NOTCH1. Moreover, the Gln127*-mutant SOX17 protein exhibited no inhibitory effect on the function of CTNNB1-encode β-catenin, which is a key player in vascular morphogenesis. This research firstly links SOX17 loss-of-function mutation to familial PAH, which provides novel insight into the molecular pathogenesis of PAH, suggesting potential implications for genetic and prognostic risk evaluation as well as personalized prophylaxis of the family members affected with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ming Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Xiao-Hui Qiao
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Ningbo Women & Children's Hospital
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Xing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University.,Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
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Rai N, Shihan M, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Novoyatleva T. Genetic Delivery and Gene Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031179. [PMID: 33503992 PMCID: PMC7865388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive complex fatal disease of multiple etiologies. Hyperproliferation and resistance to apoptosis of vascular cells of intimal, medial, and adventitial layers of pulmonary vessels trigger excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction in the course of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a subgroup of PH. Multiple gene mutation/s or dysregulated gene expression contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH by endorsing the proliferation and promoting the resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular cells. Given the vital role of these cells in PAH progression, the development of safe and efficient-gene therapeutic approaches that lead to restoration or down-regulation of gene expression, generally involved in the etiology of the disease is the need of the hour. Currently, none of the FDA-approved drugs provides a cure against PH, hence innovative tools may offer a novel treatment paradigm for this progressive and lethal disorder by silencing pathological genes, expressing therapeutic proteins, or through gene-editing applications. Here, we review the effectiveness and limitations of the presently available gene therapy approaches for PH. We provide a brief survey of commonly existing and currently applicable gene transfer methods for pulmonary vascular cells in vitro and describe some more recent developments for gene delivery existing in the field of PH in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabham Rai
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Mazen Shihan
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Werner Seeger
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Yun E, Kook Y, Yoo KH, Kim KI, Lee MS, Kim J, Lee A. Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Vascular Diseases. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120639. [PMID: 33371458 PMCID: PMC7767472 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary fibrosis, are life-threatening diseases and have common features of vascular remodeling. During progression, extracellular matrix protein deposition and dysregulation of proteolytic enzymes occurs, which results in vascular stiffness and dysfunction. Although vasodilators or anti-fibrotic therapy have been mainly used as therapy owing to these characteristics, their effectiveness does not meet expectations. Therefore, a better understanding of the etiology and new therapeutic approaches are needed. Endothelial cells (ECs) line the inner walls of blood vessels and maintain vascular homeostasis by protecting vascular cells from pathological stimuli. Chronic stimulation of ECs by various factors, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia, leads to ECs undergoing an imbalance of endothelial homeostasis, which results in endothelial dysfunction and is closely associated with vascular diseases. Emerging studies suggest that endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) contributes to endothelial dysfunction and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. EndMT is a process by which ECs lose their markers and show mesenchymal-like morphological changes, and gain mesenchymal cell markers. Despite the efforts to elucidate these molecular mechanisms, the role of EndMT in the pathogenesis of lung disease still requires further investigation. Here, we review the importance of EndMT in the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular diseases and discuss various signaling pathways and mediators involved in the EndMT process. Furthermore, we will provide insight into the therapeutic potential of targeting EndMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsik Yun
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.Y.); (Y.K.); (K.H.Y.); (K.I.K.); (M.-S.L.)
| | - Yunjin Kook
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.Y.); (Y.K.); (K.H.Y.); (K.I.K.); (M.-S.L.)
| | - Kyung Hyun Yoo
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.Y.); (Y.K.); (K.H.Y.); (K.I.K.); (M.-S.L.)
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Keun Il Kim
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.Y.); (Y.K.); (K.H.Y.); (K.I.K.); (M.-S.L.)
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.Y.); (Y.K.); (K.H.Y.); (K.I.K.); (M.-S.L.)
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.Y.); (Y.K.); (K.H.Y.); (K.I.K.); (M.-S.L.)
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (A.L.); Tel.: +82-2-710-9553 (J.K. & A.L.); Fax: +82-2-2077-7322 (J.K. & A.L.)
| | - Aram Lee
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.Y.); (Y.K.); (K.H.Y.); (K.I.K.); (M.-S.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (A.L.); Tel.: +82-2-710-9553 (J.K. & A.L.); Fax: +82-2-2077-7322 (J.K. & A.L.)
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Gojon G, Morales GA. SG1002 and Catenated Divalent Organic Sulfur Compounds as Promising Hydrogen Sulfide Prodrugs. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1010-1045. [PMID: 32370538 PMCID: PMC7578191 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Sulfur has a critical role in protein structure/function and redox status/signaling in all living organisms. Although hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfane sulfur (SS) are now recognized as central players in physiology and pathophysiology, the full scope and depth of sulfur metabolome's impact on human health and healthy longevity has been vastly underestimated and is only starting to be grasped. Since many pathological conditions have been related to abnormally low levels of H2S/SS in blood and/or tissues, and are amenable to treatment by H2S supplementation, development of safe and efficacious H2S donors deserves to be undertaken with a sense of urgency; these prodrugs also hold the promise of becoming widely used for disease prevention and as antiaging agents. Recent Advances: Supramolecular tuning of the properties of well-known molecules comprising chains of sulfur atoms (diallyl trisulfide [DATS], S8) was shown to lead to improved donors such as DATS-loaded polymeric nanoparticles and SG1002. Encouraging results in animal models have been obtained with SG1002 in heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemic damage, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy; with TC-2153 in Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, age-related memory decline, fragile X syndrome, and cocaine addiction; and with DATS in brain, colon, gastric, and breast cancer. Critical Issues: Mode-of-action studies on allyl polysulfides, benzyl polysulfides, ajoene, and 12 ring-substituted organic disulfides and thiosulfonates led several groups of researchers to conclude that the anticancer effect of these compounds is not mediated by H2S and is only modulated by reactive oxygen species, and that their central model of action is selective protein S-thiolation. Future Directions: SG1002 is likely to emerge as the H2S donor of choice for acquiring knowledge on this gasotransmitter's effects in animal models, on account of its unique ability to efficiently generate H2S without byproducts and in a slow and sustained mode that is dose independent and enzyme independent. Efficient tuning of H2S donation characteristics of DATS, dibenzyl trisulfide, and other hydrophobic H2S prodrugs for both oral and parenteral administration will be achieved not only by conventional structural modification of a lead molecule but also through the new "supramolecular tuning" paradigm.
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Wei C, Wan Q, Fan Z, Xuan L, Geng W, Shao L, Long J, Gu J, Zhao M. Trapidil determines the fate of RHF rats through inhibition of ER stress. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:409-420. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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