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Lin J, Guo H, Qin H, Zhang X, Sheng J. Integration of meta-analysis and network pharmacology analysis to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1374988. [PMID: 38560356 PMCID: PMC10978761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1374988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This study will explore the therapeutic value of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) through meta-analysis, combined with network pharmacology analysis. Methods: The results of randomized controlled trials on TCM and HCC were retrieved and summarized from multiple databases. The effective active com-pounds and target genes of the high-frequency TCM were obtained using the TCMSP database, and disease targets of HCC were acquired through the public disease database. The network pharmacology analysis was used to get the core genes and investigate the potential oncogenic molecular mechanism. Results: A total of 14 meta-analysis studies with 1,831 patients suggested that therapy combined TCM is associated with better clinical efficacy and survival prognosis, as well as avoiding many adverse events. A total of 156 compounds, 247 herbal target genes and 36 core genes were identified. The function analysis suggested above genes may participate development in HCC through regulating some pathways, such as HIF-1 pathway and PD-L1 immune-related pathway. Conclusion: TCM, as a novel, safe, and effective multi-mechanism therapy, holds greater value in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huaijuan Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Xie M, Lin Z, Ji X, Luo X, Zhang Z, Sun M, Chen X, Zhang B, Liang H, Liu D, Feng Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu B, Huang W, Xia L. FGF19/FGFR4-mediated elevation of ETV4 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by upregulating PD-L1 and CCL2. J Hepatol 2023; 79:109-125. [PMID: 36907560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metastasis remains the major reason for the high mortality of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was designed to investigate the role of E-twenty-six-specific sequence variant 4 (ETV4) in promoting HCC metastasis and to explore a new combination therapy strategy for ETV4-mediated HCC metastasis. METHODS PLC/PRF/5, MHCC97H, Hepa1-6, and H22 cells were used to establish orthotopic HCC models. Clodronate liposomes were used to clear macrophages in C57BL/6 mice. Gr-1 monoclonal antibody was used to clear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in C57BL/6 mice. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the changes of key immune cells in the tumour microenvironment. RESULTS ETV4 expression was positively related to higher tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, poor tumour differentiation, microvascular invasion, and poor prognosis in human HCC. Overexpression of ETV4 in HCC cells transactivated PD-L1 and CCL2 expression, which increased tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) and MDSC infiltration and inhibited CD8+ T-cell accumulation. Knockdown of CCL2 by lentivirus or CCR2 inhibitor CCX872 treatment impaired ETV4-induced TAM and MDSC infiltration and HCC metastasis. Furthermore, FGF19/FGFR4 and HGF/c-MET jointly upregulated ETV4 expression through the ERK1/2 pathway. Additionally, ETV4 upregulated FGFR4 expression, and downregulation of FGFR4 decreased ETV4-enhanced HCC metastasis, which created a FGF19-ETV4-FGFR4 positive feedback loop. Finally, anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib prominently inhibited FGF19-ETV4 signalling-induced HCC metastasis. CONCLUSIONS ETV4 is a prognostic biomarker, and anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib may be effective strategies to inhibit HCC metastasis. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Here, we reported that ETV4 increased PD-L1 and chemokine CCL2 expression in HCC cells, which resulted in TAM and MDSC accumulation and CD8+ T-cell inhibition to facilitate HCC metastasis. More importantly, we found that anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib markedly inhibited FGF19-ETV4 signalling-mediated HCC metastasis. This preclinical study will provide a theoretical basis for the development of new combination immunotherapy strategies for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuoying Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Danfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwei Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bifeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China.
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China.
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Li S, Wu H, Chen M, Tollefsbol TO. Paternal Combined Botanicals Contribute to the Prevention of Estrogen Receptor-Negative Mammary Cancer in Transgenic Mice. J Nutr 2023; 153:1959-1973. [PMID: 37146973 PMCID: PMC10375510 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental nutritional interventions have considerably affected gametogenesis and embryogenesis, leading to the differential susceptibility of offspring to chronic diseases such as cancer. Moreover, combinatorial bioactive diets are more efficacious in ameliorating epigenetic aberrations in tumorigenesis. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate the transgenerational influence and epigenetic regulation of paternal sulforaphane (SFN)-rich broccoli sprouts (BSp) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-rich green tea polyphenols (GTPs) consumption in the prevention of estrogen receptor-negative [ER(-)] mammary cancer in transgenic mice. METHODS Human breast cancer cells were used to detect cell viability and epigenetic-related gene expression after treatment with EGCG and/or SFN. Twenty-four C3 or HER2/neu males were randomly assigned into 4 groups and treated with control, 26% BSp (w/w) in food, 0.5% GTPs (w/v) in drinking water or combined BSp and GTPs for 7 wk before mating. Tumor growth of nontreated female pups was monitored weekly for 19 wk (C3) and 25 wk (HER2/neu). Tumor- and epigenetic-related protein expression and enzyme activities in mammary tumors were measured. Sperms were isolated from treated males for RNA sequencing and reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing analysis. Data were analyzed with a 2-factor or 3-factor analysis of variance. RESULTS EGCG and SFN inhibited breast cancer cell growth via epigenetic regulation. Combined BSp and GTPs synergistically (combination index < 1) suppressed tumor growth over time (P < 0.001) in 2 mouse models. Key tumor-related proteins were found differentially expressed (P < 0.05) along with epigenetic regulations in offspring mammary tumors. The transcriptome profile of sperm derived from dietary-treated males revealed differentially expressed genes correlated with spermatogenesis and breast cancer progression. DNA methylomes of the sperm and further integrated analysis with transcriptomes indicate that DNA methylation alone may not contribute to sufficient regulation in dietary-treated sperm pronucleus, leading to offspring tumor suppression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, paternal consumption of combined BSp and GTPs shows potential for preventing ER(-) mammary cancer through transgenerational effects. J Nutr 2023;xx:xx-xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhao Li
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Huixin Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; University Wide Microbiome Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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Jihad M, Yet İ. Multiomics Integration at Single-Cell Resolution Using Bayesian Networks: A Case Study in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2023; 27:24-33. [PMID: 36602810 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2022.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiomics data integration is one of the leading frontiers of complex disease research and integrative biology. The advances in single-cell sequencing technologies offer yet another crucial dimension in multiomics research. The single-cell studies enable the study and integration of multiomics data simultaneously in the same cell. We report in this study multiomics data integration in single-cell resolution using Bayesian networks (BNs) in a case study of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A BN encodes the conditional dependencies/independencies of variables using a graphical model with an accompanying joint probability. RNA-seq and Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing data were analyzed separately, and copy number variations were estimated by the hidden Markov model method. Several BN models were constructed to reveal omics' causal and associational relationships. These methods were subjected to a validation study using an independent data set. We show the heterogeneity of the multiple cellular layers of HCC at single-cell omics resolution by identifying best-fitted BN models of 295 genes. We also provide novel insights into the multiomics mechanistic relationships in the human lymphocyte antigen class I genes in HCC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on integrating omics data using a machine learning algorithm, BNs, at the single-cell resolution using a case study of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muntadher Jihad
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İdil Yet
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Liu Y, Wang X, Zeng X, Wu Y, Liu X, Tan J, Li X. Bioinformatics-based analysis of SUMOylation-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma reveals a role of upregulated SAE1 in promoting cell proliferation. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1183-1202. [PMID: 35859792 PMCID: PMC9263891 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the expression profile and prognostic relevance of SUMO-related genes using publicly available data. A set of bioinformatics tools and experiments were integrated to explore the mechanism of the genes of interest. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression analysis was used to construct a prognostic model. SUMO-2 and SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) were upregulated in HCC. The enrichment analysis indicated that SUMO-2 and SAE1 might regulate the cell cycle. The downregulation of SAE1 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells, whereas the upregulation of the gene promoted cell proliferation. IGF2BP3 contributed to the upregulation of SAE1 in an N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-dependent way. Eventually, an SAE1-related risk score (SRRS) was developed and validated in HCC. SRRS could serve as an independent prognostic factor and predict the efficiency of transarterial chemoembolization in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingzhi Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yinghua Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shanxi Province People's Hospital, No. 29 Shuangtasi Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030012, China
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Fang ZS, Zhang Z, Liang ZJ, Long ZR, Xiao Y, Liang ZY, Sun X, Li HM, Huang H. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation-Related Genes Associated with Tumor Grade and Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Bioinformatic Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:9671-9679. [PMID: 34934344 PMCID: PMC8684409 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s342602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the present study was to identify the association between tumor grade and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)-related genes, and to generate a LLPS-related gene-based risk index (LLPSRI) as a prognostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Weighted gene correlation network analysis was performed to test whether the LLPS-related gene modules were associated with tumor grade of HCC. The candidate modules were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. We generated a LLPSRI using the expression profiles of the hub genes among the candidate modules in order to identify patients at high risk. Then, the biological characteristics of the high-risk patients were revealed using gene set enrichment analysis. Additionally, an independent external data set was used to validate the LLPSRI. Results Four gene modules showed a significant positive correlation with tumor grade and involved various cancer-related pathways. Among the hub genes, six were selected to generate the LLPSRI, which was significantly associated with prognosis of HCC patients. The LLPSRI could successfully divide patients with HCC into high- and low-risk groups, and patients in the high-risk group showed shorter overall survival than those in the low-risk group. E2F, MYC, and mTORC1 signaling may be important determinants of survival in the high-risk group. The prognostic value of the LLPSRI was validated with the independent external data set. Conclusion We identified LLPS-related gene modules that are associated with HCC tumor grade. The LLPSRI may be useful as a prognostic marker of HCC, and it may reliably stratify patients into groups at low or high risk of worse survival. Our analysis also suggests that certain biological characteristics of HCC may be associated with high risk of worse survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Shan Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jie Liang
- Department of Wound Repair Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Rong Long
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yin Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Mian Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People's Republic of China
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Riazalhosseini B, Mohamed R, Devi Apalasamy Y, Mohamed Z. Association of deleted in liver cancer-1 gene polymorphism with increased risk of chronicity of disease among Malaysian patients with hepatitis B infection. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2021; 31:185-190. [PMID: 34320605 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to examine the association between genetic variations in deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) gene with progression of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. METHODS A total of 623 subjects were included in this study, of whom, 423 were chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients without liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 103 CHB with either liver cirrhosis ± HCC and 97 individuals who had resolved HBV. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs3739298 and rs532841 of DLC1 gene were genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. RESULTS Our results indicated significant differences between the chronic HBV and resolved HBV groups in genotype and allele frequencies of DLC1-rs3739298 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-3.99; P = 0.007] and (OR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.07-2.22; P = 0.021), respectively. Moreover, haplotype analysis revealed significant associations between chronicity of HBV with TG and GA haplotypes (P = 0.041 and P = 0.042), respectively. CONCLUSION A significant association exists between the rs3739298 variant and susceptibility to CHB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yamunah Devi Apalasamy
- Social Wellbeing Research Centre, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zhao N, Liu H, Zhang A, Wang M. Expression levels and clinical significance of miR-203 and miR-133b in laryngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:213. [PMID: 32963619 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of microRNA (miR)-203 and miR-133b in laryngeal carcinoma. A total of 154 patients with laryngeal carcinoma (research group) along with 100 healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in the study. The patients were admitted to Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang (Weifang, China) from February 2016 to October 2018. Fasting venous blood (5 ml) was extracted from all subjects to determine the expression levels of serum miR-203 and miR-133b by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to compare them among patients with different pathological characteristics. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the diagnostic values of miR-203 and miR-133b for laryngeal carcinoma. The research group showed significantly lower expression levels of miR-203 and miR-133b than the control group (P<0.05). According to ROC curve analysis, when the cut-off value was 0.659, the sensitivity and specificity of miR-203 in diagnosing laryngeal carcinoma were 60.00 and 90.26%, respectively, whereas when the cut-off value was 1.398, the sensitivity and specificity of miR-133b were 55.00 and 87.66%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the joint detection were 70.00 and 83.77%, respectively, when the cut-off value was 0.416. In the research group, miR-203 was expressed significantly different in patients with different pathological stages and tumor types (P<0.050). The expression of miR-133b varied significantly in patients with different pathological stages, differentiation degrees and lymph node metastasis (P<0.050). In conclusion, miR-203 and miR-133b were expressed at low levels in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. The expression of miR-203 was related to tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and tumor type, whereas the expression of miR-133b was related to TNM stage, differentiation degree, as well as lymph node metastasis. Joint detection of miR-203 and miR-133b is expected to be an excellent marker for the diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Aifen Zhang
- Department of Return Visit Office, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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Li N, Jiang S, Shi J, Fu R, Wu H, Lu M. Construction of a potential microRNA, transcription factor and mRNA regulatory network in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:5528-5543. [PMID: 35117917 PMCID: PMC8799260 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. MicroRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) cooperate to regulate the same target gene, thus affecting the progression of HCC. Methods Differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs were screened. Functional enrichment analysis of these HCC-related mRNAs was performed, and a protein-protein interaction network was constructed. TFs that regulate these miRNAs and hub genes were also screened. Results Ten differentially upregulated miRNAs and 5 differentially downregulated miRNAs were screened. Additionally, 183 downregulated mRNAs and 303 upregulated mRNAs that are potentially bound to these differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) results showed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were significantly enriched in pathways in cancer, the Wnt signaling pathway, and the Rap1 signaling pathway. Then, 220 TFs were identified for 5 candidate genes of the downregulated mRNAs, and 258 TFs were identified for 9 candidate genes of the upregulated mRNAs. Finally, the 9 upregulated hub genes were related to higher overall survival (OS) in the low-expression group, and 4/5 downregulated hub genes were related to higher OS in the high-expression group. Conclusions This study constructed a potential regulatory network between candidate molecules and that need to be further verified. These regulatory relationships are expected to clarify the new molecular mechanisms of the occurrence and development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaotao Jiang
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiewei Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongdang Fu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China
| | - Huijie Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China
| | - Minqiang Lu
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Perturbation-based gene regulatory network inference to unravel oncogenic mechanisms. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14149. [PMID: 32843692 PMCID: PMC7447758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene regulatory network (GRN) of human cells encodes mechanisms to ensure proper functioning. However, if this GRN is dysregulated, the cell may enter into a disease state such as cancer. Understanding the GRN as a system can therefore help identify novel mechanisms underlying disease, which can lead to new therapies. To deduce regulatory interactions relevant to cancer, we applied a recent computational inference framework to data from perturbation experiments in squamous carcinoma cell line A431. GRNs were inferred using several methods, and the false discovery rate was controlled by the NestBoot framework. We developed a novel approach to assess the predictiveness of inferred GRNs against validation data, despite the lack of a gold standard. The best GRN was significantly more predictive than the null model, both in cross-validated benchmarks and for an independent dataset of the same genes under a different perturbation design. The inferred GRN captures many known regulatory interactions central to cancer-relevant processes in addition to predicting many novel interactions, some of which were experimentally validated, thus providing mechanistic insights that are useful for future cancer research.
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Liu J, Xu R, Mai SJ, Ma YS, Zhang MY, Cao PS, Weng NQ, Wang RQ, Cao D, Wei W, Guo RP, Zhang YJ, Xu L, Chen MS, Zhang HZ, Huang L, Fu D, Wang HY. LncRNA CSMD1-1 promotes the progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by activating MYC signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:7527-7544. [PMID: 32685003 PMCID: PMC7359090 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play critical roles in the development and progression of diverse cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs that are involved in hepatocarcinogenesis have not been fully explored. Methods: In this study, we profiled lncRNA expression in 127 pairs of HCC and nontumor liver tissues (a Discovery Cohort) using a custom microarray. The expression and clinical significance of lncCSMD1-1 were then validated with qRT-PCR and COX regression analysis in a Validation Cohort (n=260) and two External Validation Cohorts (n=92 and n=124, respectively). In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to explore the biological effects of lncCSMD1-1 on HCC cells. The interaction of lncCSMD1-1 with MYC was identified by RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation. The role of LncCSMD1-1 in the degradation of MYC protein was also investigated. Results: With microarray, we identified a highly upregulated lncRNA, lncCSMD1-1, which was associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in the Discovery Cohort, and validated in another 3 HCC cohorts. Consistently, ectopic expression of lncCSMD1-1 notably promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth and metastasis of HCC cells in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Gene expression profiling on HCC cells and gene sets enrichment analysis indicated that the MYC target gene set was significantly enriched in HCC cells overexpressing lncCSMD1-1, and lncCSMD1-1 was found to directly bind to MYC protein in the nucleus of HCC cells, which resulted in the elevation of MYC protein. Mechanistically, lncCSMD1-1 interacted with MYC protein to block its ubiquitin-proteasome degradation pathway, leading to activation of its downstream target genes. Conclusion: lncCSMD1-1 is upregulated in HCC and promotes progression of HCC by activating the MYC signaling pathway. These results provide the evidence that lncCSMD1-1 may serve as a novel prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Gao J, Dai C, Yu X, Yin XB, Zhou F. LncRNA LEF1-AS1 silencing diminishes EZH2 expression to delay hepatocellular carcinoma development by impairing CEBPB-interaction with CDCA7. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:870-883. [PMID: 32178558 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1731052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is recognized for its high mortality rate worldwide. Based on intensive studies, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression exerts significant effects on tumor suppression. Herein, we investigated the molecular mechanism of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 antisense RNA 1 (LEF1-AS1) in HCC cells. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was adopted to predict and verify the differentially expressed genes in HCC, which predicted cell division cycle-associated 7 (CDCA7) and LEF1-AS1 to be highly expressed in HCC. The expression of LEF1-AS1, CDCA7, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBPB) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was determined by means of reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. LncMap was used to predict the lncRNA-transcription factor-gene interaction in HCC. ChIP, RIP assay and dual luciferase reporter gene assay were employed to verify the relationship between the transcription factor and gene. Silencing of LEF1-AS1 could downregulate CDCA7 expression through CEBPB. Overexpression of LEF1-AS1, EZH2 and CDCA7 promoted proliferation and invasion in HCC cells. LEF1-AS1 promoted CDCA7 expression to further upregulate EZH2. Tumor formation in nude mice was assessed to verify the experimental results. Silencing of LEF1-AS1 inhibited the growth of tumors in vivo. Collectively, silencing LEF1-AS1 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells by down-regulating EZH2 through the CEBPB-CDCA7 signaling pathway, which provides scientific evidence for the treatment of HCC.Abbreviations: HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; lncRNA: long non-coding RNA; LEF1-AS1: lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 antisense RNA 1; EZH2: enhancer of zeste homolog 2; CDCA7: cell division cycle-associated 7; GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus; NC: negative control; oe: overexpressed; RT-qPCR: reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction; PBS: phosphate buffered saline; HRP: horseradish peroxidase; OD: optical density; RIP: Radioimmunoprecipitation; ChIP: Chromatin immunoprecipitation; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Chao Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Bao Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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Chen S, Xie C, Hu X. lncRNA SNHG6 functions as a ceRNA to up-regulate c-Myc expression via sponging let-7c-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:901-908. [PMID: 31563323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has revealed that dysregulation of lncRNAs correlate with the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we globally investigated the expression of SNHG6 in 31 cancer type, and we found that SNHG6 was highly expressed in various cancers, especially in HCC. High expression of SNHG6 was associated with progression and poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Gain of function and loss of function assays showed that SNHG6 promoted HCC cell proliferation. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and correlation analysis suggested that SNHG6 positively correlated with c-Myc and its downstream targets. Ectopic overexpression of SNHG6 markedly increased the expression of c-Myc and its downstream targets, whereas silencing SNHG6 had the opposite effect on the expression of c-Myc and its downstream targets. Mechanistic assays revealed that SNHG6 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge let-7c-5p and thereby modulating the depression of c-Myc by let-7c-5p. Taken together, SNHG6 promotes HCC cell proliferation via competitively binding let-7c-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chen
- The First Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523059, China.
| | - Chuping Xie
- The First Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523059, China.
| | - Xiarong Hu
- The First Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523059, China.
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Watanabe K, Yamamoto M, Xin B, Ooshio T, Goto M, Fujii K, Liu Y, Okada Y, Furukawa H, Nishikawa Y. Emergence of the Dedifferentiated Phenotype in Hepatocyte-Derived Tumors in Mice: Roles of Oncogene-Induced Epigenetic Alterations. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:697-715. [PMID: 31061957 PMCID: PMC6492474 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma often reactivates the genes that are transiently expressed in fetal or neonatal livers. However, the mechanism of their activation has not been elucidated. To explore how oncogenic signaling pathways could be involved in the process, we examined the expression of fetal/neonatal genes in liver tumors induced by the introduction of myristoylated v‐akt murine thymoma viral oncogene (AKT), HRas proto‐oncogene, guanosine triphosphatase (HRASV12), and MYC proto‐oncogene, bHLH transcription factor (Myc), in various combinations, into mouse hepatocytes in vivo. Distinct sets of fetal/neonatal genes were activated in HRAS‐ and HRAS/Myc‐induced tumors: aldo‐keto reductase family 1, member C18 (Akr1c18), glypican 3 (Gpc3), carboxypeptidase E (Cpe), adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette, subfamily D, member 2 (Abcd2), and trefoil factor 3 (Tff3) in the former; insulin‐like growth factor 2 messenger RNA binding protein 3 (Igf2bp3), alpha fetoprotein (Afp), Igf2, and H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (H19) in the latter. Interestingly, HRAS/Myc‐induced tumors comprised small cells with a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of delta‐like noncanonical Notch ligand 1 (Dlk1), Nanog homeobox (Nanog), and sex determining region Y‐box 2 (Sox2). Both HRAS‐ and HRAS/Myc‐induced tumors showed decreased DNA methylation levels of Line1 and Igf2 differentially methylated region 1 and increased nuclear accumulation of 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine, suggesting a state of global DNA hypomethylation. HRAS/Myc‐induced tumors were characterized by an increase in the mRNA expression of enzymes involved in DNA methylation (DNA methyltransferase [Dnmt1, Dnmt3]) and demethylation (ten‐eleven‐translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 [Tet1]), sharing similarities with the fetal liver. Although mouse hepatocytes could be transformed by the introduction of HRAS/Myc in vitro, they did not express fetal/neonatal genes and sustained global DNA methylation, suggesting that the epigenetic alterations were influenced by the in vivo microenvironment. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that human hepatocellular carcinoma cases with nuclear MYC expression were more frequently positive for AFP, IGF2, and DLK1 compared with MYC‐negative tumors. Conclusion: The HRAS signaling pathway and its interactions with the Myc pathway appear to reactivate fetal/neonatal gene expression in hepatocytic tumors partly through epigenetic alterations, which are dependent on the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan.,Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Bing Xin
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Takako Ooshio
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Masanori Goto
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Kiyonaga Fujii
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Yoko Okada
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furukawa
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Yuji Nishikawa
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
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15
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Alves A, Mamede A, Alves M, Oliveira P, Rocha S, Botelho M, Maia C. Glycolysis Inhibition as a Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment? Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2018; 19:26-40. [DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180430144441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequently detected primary malignant liver tumor, representing a worldwide public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. The HCC is commonly detected in advanced stage, precluding the use of treatments with curative intent. For this reason, it is crucial to find effective therapies for HCC. Cancer cells have a high dependence of glycolysis for ATP production, especially under hypoxic environment. Such dependence provides a reliable possible strategy to specifically target cancer cells based on the inhibition of glycolysis. HCC, such as other cancer types, presents a clinically well-known upregulation of several glycolytic key enzymes and proteins, including glucose transporters particularly glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Such enzymes and proteins constitute potential targets for therapy. Indeed, for some of these targets, several inhibitors were already reported, such as 2-Deoxyglucose, Imatinib or Flavonoids. Although the inhibition of glycolysis presents a great potential for an anticancer therapy, the development of glycolytic inhibitors as a new class of anticancer agents needs to be more explored. Herein, we propose to summarize, discuss and present an overview on the different approaches to inhibit the glycolytic metabolism in cancer cells, which may be very effective in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.P. Alves
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - A.C. Mamede
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - M.G. Alves
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - P.F. Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - S.M. Rocha
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - M.F. Botelho
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C.J. Maia
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
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Chen D, Yu X. Long noncoding RNA TSLNC8 suppresses cell proliferation and metastasis and promotes cell apoptosis in human glioma. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5536-5544. [PMID: 30387847 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is among the most common primary brain tumors and one of the most aggressive and lethal forms of human cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated great importance in the development and progression of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the novel tumor suppressive lncRNA on Chromosome 8p12 (TSLNC8), in cell proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis in human glioma. It was initially reported that the relative transcript levels of TSLNC8 were significantly decreased in human glioma tissues and cultured glioma cells, as evidenced by RT‑qPCR. Among clinical variables, the expression of TSLNC8 was negatively associated with tumor size, distant metastasis, and tumor, node and metastasis stage. MTT assay demonstrated that overexpression of TSLNC8 in glioma cell lines U25‑MG and SWO38 decreased, whereas knockdown of TSLNC8 in glioma cells SHG‑44 and BT325 increased the cell proliferative rate over 5 consecutive days. Additionally, cell metastasis was inhibited in U251 and SWO38 cells when cells were transfected with TSLNC8‑expressing plasmid as observed via Transwell and wound‑healing assays. Furthermore, cell apoptotic rate was upregulated in TSLNC8 plasmid‑treated U251 and SWO38 cells, and inhibited by siRNA against TSLNC8 in SHG‑44 and BT325 cells by cell apoptotic assay. The relative activities of caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 were increased by TSLNC8 overexpression and decreased by TSLNC depletion; however, the activity of caspase‑8 remained unchanged. The results of the present study demonstrated the inhibitory effects of TSLNC8 in human glioma, which may contribute to advancement in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with glioma in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Surgery, Operating Room, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
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17
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Meng C, Shen X, Jiang W. Potential biomarkers of HCC based on gene expression and DNA methylation profiles. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3183-3192. [PMID: 30127913 PMCID: PMC6096098 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify potential biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Three gene expression profiles of GSE95698, GSE49515 and GSE76427 and a DNA methylation profile of GSE73003 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, each comprising data regarding HCC and control tissue samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the HCC group and the control group were identified using the limma software package. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of the overlapping DEGs. The PPI network of the overlapping DEGs was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins. A total of 41 DEGs were identified in HCC the group compared with control group. The overlapping DEGs were enriched in 11 GO terms and 3 KEGG pathways. A total of 6,349 DMSs were identified, and 6 of the differentially expressed genes were also differentially methylated [Denticleless protein homolog (DTL), Dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), Eomesodermin, Endothelial cell specific molecule 1, Nuclear factor κ-light-chain gene enhancer of activated B cells inhibitor, α (NFKBIA) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2)]. The present study suggested that DTL, DUSP1, NFKBIA and SOCS2 may be potential biomarkers of HCC, and the tumor protein 'p53 signaling', 'forkhead box O1' signaling and 'metabolic' pathways may serve roles in the pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatology, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Shen
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
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Ji F, Zhang ZH, Zhang Y, Shen SL, Cao QH, Zhang LJ, Li SQ, Peng BG, Liang LJ, Hua YP. Low expression of c-Myc protein predicts poor outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after resection. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:460. [PMID: 29690860 PMCID: PMC5926532 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Embryonic Liver Fodrin (ELF) is an adaptor protein of transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling cascade. Disruption of ELF results in mislocalization of Smad3 and Smad4, leading to compromised TGF-β signaling. c-Myc is an important oncogenic transcription factor, and the disruption of TGF-β signaling promotes c-Myc-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) carcinogenesis. However, the prognostic significance of c-Myc in HCC is less understood Methods The expression of c-Myc protein and mRNA were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and qRT- PCR, respectively. IHC was performed to detect TGF-β1 and ELF expression in HCC tissues. Their relationship with clinicopathological factors and overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were examined. Results The expression of c-Myc protein and mRNA in HCC tissues were significantly higher in HCC area than those in normal liver tissues. However, the expression were low compared with those adjacent to HCC area. c-Myc protein was independently predictive of DFS and OS, and it was negatively correlated with tumor size (P = 0.031), tumor number (P = 0.038), and recurrence (P = 0.001). Low c-Myc expression was associated with short-term recurrence and poor prognosis. The predictive value of c-Myc combined with TGF-β1 or/and ELF was higher than that of any other single marker. Low c-Myc, high TGF-β1 or/and low ELF expression was associated with the worst DFS and OS. Conclusions Low expression of c-Myc protein predicts poor outcomes in patients with HCC with hepatectomy. The combination of the expression of c-Myc, TGF-β1, and ELF can be used to accurately predict outcomes of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ji
- Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Heng Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Li Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hua Cao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Juan Zhang
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Qiang Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Gang Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jian Liang
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Peng Hua
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Li M, Zhou R, Shan Y, Li L, Wang L, Liu G. Targeting a novel cancer-driving protein (LAPTM4B-35) by a small molecule (ETS) to inhibit cancer growth and metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:58531-58542. [PMID: 27542271 PMCID: PMC5295449 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that LAPTM4B-35 is overexpressed in a variety of solid cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and is an independent factor for prognosis. LAPTM4B-35 overexpression causes carcinogenesis and enhances cancer growth, metastasis and multidrug resistance, and thus may be a candidate for therapeutic targeting. The present study shows ethylglyoxal bisthiosemicarbazon (ETS) has effective anticancer activity through LAPTM4B-35 targeting. Bel-7402 and HepG2 cell lines from human HCC were used as cell models in which LAPTM4B-35 is highly expressed, and a human fetal liver cell line was used as a control. The results showed ETS has a specific and pronounced lethal effect on HCC cells, but not on fetal liver cells in culture. ETS also attenuated growth and metastasis of human HCC xenograft in nude mice, and extended the life span of mice with HCC. ETS induced HCC cell apoptosis, and upregulated a large number of proapoptotic genes and downregulated antiapoptotic genes. When endogenous overexpression of LAPTM4B-35 was knocked down with RNAi, the killing effect of ETS on HepG2 cells was significantly attenuated. ETS also inhibited phosphorylation of LAPTM4B-35 Tyr285, which involves in activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway induced by LAPTM4B-35 overexpression. In addition, the induction of alterations in quantity of c-Myc, Bcl-2, Bax, cyclinD1 and Akt-p molecules in HepG2 cells by LAPTM4B-35 overexpression could be reversed by ETS. CONCLUSION ETS is a promising candidate for treatment of HCC through LAPTM4B-35 protein targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rouli Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Shan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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20
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Zhang J, Li Z, Liu L, Wang Q, Li S, Chen D, Hu Z, Yu T, Ding J, Li J, Yao M, Huang S, Zhao Y, He X. Long noncoding RNA TSLNC8 is a tumor suppressor that inactivates the interleukin-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. Hepatology 2018; 67:171-187. [PMID: 28746790 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Long noncoding RNAs can serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancer; however, their biological functions and underlying mechanism in hepatocarcinogenesis are largely unknown. Here, we report a novel tumor suppressor long noncoding RNA on chromosome 8p12 (termed TSLNC8) that is frequently deleted and down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. The loss of TSLNC8 is highly associated with the malignant features of HCC and serves as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients. TSLNC8 significantly suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. TSLNC8 exerts its tumor suppressive activity by competitively interacting with transketolase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and modulating the STAT3-Tyr705 and STAT3-Ser727 phosphorylation levels and STAT3 transcriptional activity, thus resulting in inactivation of the interleukin-6-STAT3 signaling pathway in HCC cells. CONCLUSION TSLNC8 is a promising prognostic predictor for patients with HCC, and the TSLNC8-transketolase-STAT3 axis is a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment. (Hepatology 2018;67:171-187).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longzi Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixiang Hu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenglin Huang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianghuo He
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Lu JY, Cheng WC, Chen KY, Lin CC, Chang CC, Kuo KT, Chen PL. Using Ion Torrent sequencing to study genetic mutation profiles of fatal thyroid cancers. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 117:488-496. [PMID: 28757314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Surgery followed by radioiodine is a mainstay of treatment for thyroid cancers of follicular origins. However, about 5% of the thyroid cancers are non-operable and/or radioiodine-refractory diseases, which are either locally advanced or metastatic and result in a survival of less than 5 years. How to treat this population of thyroid cancer patients becomes a critical issue requiring further understanding of the tumor's genetic information. METHODS We used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of 22 fatal thyroid cancers and their corresponding non-tumor parts, if available, to yield genomic DNA, and applied the Ion Torrent™ Personal Genome Machine (IT-PGM) System (Life Technologies), a next generation sequencing technology, to interrogate 740 mutational hotspots in 46 oncogenes. We further validated the results by conventional direct sequencing. RESULTS We confirmed 21 mutations of 11 oncogenes in the 22 fatal thyroid cancer samples. Among them, the MET p.N375S and MLH1 p.V384D mutations, each was detected in two cases, and has rarely been found to be involved in thyroid cancer pathogenesis before. We also identified homozygous PDGFRA p.V824V mutation in eight out of the 22 cases, while the non-tumor counterparts carried heterozygous PDGFRA p.V824V mutation. We noted that the Ion Torrent technique unfortunately showed high false positive rates for detecting EGFR mutations in thyroid cancers. CONCLUSION The extensive genetic studies provide new insights to future targeted therapy in these patients. IT-PGM proved to be valuable for comprehensively searching genetic mutations in potentially fatal thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ying Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wern-Cherng Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Yuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chung Chang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Kuo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Lung Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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22
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Wu L, Zhang L, Zheng S. Role of the long non-coding RNA HOTAIR in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1233-1239. [PMID: 28789338 PMCID: PMC5529952 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of recent studies have focused on the association between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and cancer. HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), an lncRNA that functions as a transcriptional modulator, has been implicated in various fundamental biological activities. HOTAIR mediates the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 and the demethylation of histone H3 dimethyl Lys4 by recruiting the polycomb repressive complex 2 and the lysine-specific demethylase 1/co-repressor of RE1-silencing transcription factor (coREST)/REST complex to the target gene promoters, which leads to gene silencing. Overexpression of HOTAIR in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is strongly associated with an unfavorable prognosis for patients with HCC. HOTAIR promotes the carcinogenic activity of HCC cells through the suppression of RNA binding motif protein 38, triggering the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and by interacting with microRNAs that act as tumor suppressors. In the present review, the role of the lncRNA HOTAIR in HCC is examined. The potential use of HOTAIR as a biomarker to achieve more accurate prognostic predictions and as an effective therapeutic target for HCC is then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Jingning National Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 323500, P.R. China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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23
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Kozlovski I, Siegfried Z, Amar-Schwartz A, Karni R. The role of RNA alternative splicing in regulating cancer metabolism. Hum Genet 2017; 136:1113-1127. [PMID: 28429085 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells alter their metabolism by a wide array of mechanisms to promote growth and proliferation. Dysregulated expression and/or somatic mutations of key components of the glycolytic pathway/TCA cycle as well as other metabolic pathways allow tumor cells to improve their ability to survive harsh conditions such as hypoxia and the presence of reactive oxygen species, as well as the ability to obtain nutrients to increase lipids, protein, and nucleic acids biogenesis. Approximately 95% of the human protein encoding genes undergo alternative splicing (AS), a regulated process of gene expression that greatly diversifies the proteome by creating multiple proteins from a single gene. In recent years, a growing body of evidence suggests that unbalanced AS, the formation of certain pro-tumorigenic isoforms and the reduction of anti-tumorigenic isoforms, is implicated in a variety of cancers. It is becoming increasingly clear that cancer-associated AS contributes to increased growth and proliferation, partially due to effects on metabolic reprogramming. Here, we summarize the known roles of AS in regulating cancer metabolism. We present evidence supporting the idea that AS, in many types of cancer, acts as a molecular switch that alters metabolism to drive tumorigenesis. We propose that the elucidation of misregulated AS and its downstream effects on cancer metabolism emphasizes the need for new therapeutic approaches aiming to modulate the splicing machinery to selectively target cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Kozlovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zahava Siegfried
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Amar-Schwartz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rotem Karni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
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24
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DNA copy number profiling in microsatellite-stable and microsatellite-unstable hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancers by targeted CNV array. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 17:85-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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25
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Hu MH, Ma CY, Wang XM, Ye CD, Zhang GX, Chen L, Wang JG. MicroRNA-126 inhibits tumor proliferation and angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by down-regulating EGFL7 expression. Oncotarget 2016; 7:66922-66934. [PMID: 27611944 PMCID: PMC5341847 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of microRNA-126 (miR-126) on tumor proliferation and angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by targeting EGFL7. HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 71 HCC patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to detect expressions of EGFL7 and VEGF and the micro-vessel density (MVD). HCC cell lines were collected and assigned into the blank, miR-126 mimics, miR-126 inhibitors, miR-126 mimics negative control (NC), miR-126 inhibitors NC, si-EGFL7, and miR-126 inhibitors + si-EGFL7 groups. Expressions of miR-126 and EGFL7 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR assay. The protein expressions of EGFL7 and VEGF were measured by Western blotting. MTT assay was used to measure the proliferation of HCC cells. Tumor xenograft model in nude mice was utilized to evaluate the influence of miR-126 on tumor growth. HCC tissues had higher miR-126 expression and lower EGFL7 mRNA expression than adjacent normal tissues. Compared with the blank, miR-126 mimic NC, miR-126 inhibitor NC and miR-126 inhibitors + si-EGFL7 groups, the protein expressions of EGFL7 and VEGF and cell proliferation were reduced in the miR-126 mimics and si-EGFL7 groups, while the opposite trend was found in the miR-126 inhibitors group. Compared with the blank and miR-126 inhibitors + siRNA-EGFL7 groups, tumor size, tumor weight, and MVD of transplanted tumors in nude mice were significantly reduced in the miR-126 mimics and siRNA-EGFL7 groups, while the opposite trend was found in the miR-126 inhibitors group. In conclusion, miR-126 could inhibit tumor proliferation and angiogenesis of HCC by down-regulating EGFL7 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua Hu
- 1 Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Yang Ma
- 1 Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- 1 Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Dong Ye
- 2 Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Xian Zhang
- 1 Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- 1 Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Guo Wang
- 1 Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, P.R. China
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26
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Goeppert B, Ernst C, Baer C, Roessler S, Renner M, Mehrabi A, Hafezi M, Pathil A, Warth A, Stenzinger A, Weichert W, Bähr M, Will R, Schirmacher P, Plass C, Weichenhan D. Cadherin-6 is a putative tumor suppressor and target of epigenetically dysregulated miR-429 in cholangiocarcinoma. Epigenetics 2016; 11:780-790. [PMID: 27593557 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1227899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a rare malignancy of the extrahepatic or intrahepatic biliary tract with an outstanding poor prognosis. Non-surgical therapeutic regimens result in minimally improved survival of CC patients. Global genomic analyses identified a few recurrently mutated genes, some of them in genes involved in epigenetic patterning. In a previous study, we demonstrated global DNA methylation changes in CC, indicating major contribution of epigenetic alterations to cholangiocarcinogenesis. Here, we aimed at the identification and characterization of CC-related, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in potential microRNA promoters and of genes targeted by identified microRNAs. Twenty-seven hypermethylated and 13 hypomethylated potential promoter regions of microRNAs, known to be associated with cancer-related pathways like Wnt, ErbB, and PI3K-Akt signaling, were identified. Selected DMRs were confirmed in 2 independent patient cohorts. Inverse correlation between promoter methylation and expression suggested miR-129-2 and members of the miR-200 family (miR-200a, miR-200b, and miR-429) as novel tumor suppressors and oncomiRs, respectively, in CC. Tumor suppressor genes deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1), F-box/WD-repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7), and cadherin-6 (CDH6) were identified as presumed targets in CC. Tissue microarrays of a representative and well-characterized cohort of biliary tract cancers (n=212) displayed stepwise downregulation of CDH6 and association with poor patient outcome. Ectopic expression of CDH6 on the other hand, delayed growth in the CC cell lines EGI-1 and TFK-1, together suggesting a tumor suppressive function of CDH6. Our work represents a valuable repository for the study of epigenetically altered miRNAs in cholangiocarcinogenesis and novel putative, CC-related tumor suppressive miRNAs and oncomiRs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Ernst
- b Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Constance Baer
- b Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | | | - Marcus Renner
- a Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Arianeb Mehrabi
- c Department of General , Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Mohammadreza Hafezi
- c Department of General , Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Anita Pathil
- d Department of Internal Medicine IV, Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Arne Warth
- a Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
| | | | - Wilko Weichert
- e Technical University of Munich, University Hospital, Institute for General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy , Germany
| | - Marion Bähr
- b Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Rainer Will
- f Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | | | - Christoph Plass
- b Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Dieter Weichenhan
- b Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
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27
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Xiao P, Liu W, Zhou H. miR-429 promotes the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells via targeting DLC-1. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2163-2168. [PMID: 27602157 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNA (miR)-200 family has been demonstrated to be associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of multiple types of human cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As a member of the miR-200 family, miR-429 was recently identified to have an oncogenic role in NSCLC. However, the role of miR-429 in NSCLC growth as well as the underlying mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, NSCLC cell line H1229 was transfected with miR-429 mimic or inhibitor, respectively. It was observed that overexpression of miR-429 led to a significant increase in NSCLC cell proliferation, while knockdown of miR-429 suppressed the proliferation of H1229 cells. Bioinformatic prediction suggested that deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC-1), a tumor suppressor in NSCLC, was a putative target gene of miR-429. Therefore, a luciferase reporter assay was performed and confirmed that miR-429 was able to bind the 3'-untranslated region of DLC-1 mRNA in H1229 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-429 inhibited the protein expression of DLC-1, while knockdown of miR-429 promoted the protein expression of DLC-1 in NSCLC H1229 cells. In addition, overexpression of DLC-1 not only inhibited H1229 cell proliferation, but also additionally reversed the promoting effect of miR-429 overexpression on H1229 cell proliferation. Based on these findings, the present study suggests that miR-429 may have an oncogenic role in the regulation of cell proliferation via direct inhibition of DLC-1 protein expression in NSCLC cells. Therefore, miR-429 may present a putative therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wenliang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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28
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Yang X, Zhou X, Tone P, Durkin ME, Popescu NC. Cooperative antiproliferative effect of coordinated ectopic expression of DLC1 tumor suppressor protein and silencing of MYC oncogene expression in liver cancer cells: Therapeutic implications. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1591-1596. [PMID: 27446476 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of cancer and has a very poor prognosis; thus, the development of effective therapies for the treatment of advanced HCC is of high clinical priority. In the present study, the anti-oncogenic effect of combined knockdown of c-Myc expression and ectopic restoration of deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) expression was investigated in human liver cancer cells. Expression of c-Myc in human HCC cells was knocked down by stable transfection with a Myc-specific short hairpin (sh) RNA vector. DLC1 expression in Huh7 cells was restored by adenovirus transduction, and the effects of DLC1 expression and c-Myc knockdown on Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) levels, cell proliferation, soft agar colony formation and cell invasion were measured. Downregulation of c-Myc or re-expression of DLC1 led to a marked reduction in RhoA levels, which was associated with decreases in cell proliferation, soft agar colony formation and invasiveness; this inhibitory effect was augmented with a combination of DLC1 transduction and c-Myc suppression. To determine whether liver cell-specific delivery of DLC1 was able to enhance the inhibitory effect of c-Myc knockdown on tumor growth in vivo, DLC1 vector DNA complexed with galactosylated polyethylene glycol-linear polyethyleneimine was administered by tail vein injection to mice bearing subcutaneous xenografts of Huh7 cells transfected with shMyc or control shRNA. A cooperative inhibitory effect of DLC1 expression and c-Myc knockdown on the growth of Huh7-derived tumors was observed, suggesting that targeted liver cell delivery of DLC1 and c-Myc shRNA may serve as a possible gene therapy modality for the treatment of human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Yang
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA
| | - Paul Tone
- Department of Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, NY 10310, USA
| | - Marian E Durkin
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4262, USA
| | - Nicholas C Popescu
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4262, USA
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29
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Dai W, Miao H, Fang S, Fang T, Chen N, Li M. CDKN3 expression is negatively associated with pathological tumor stage and CDKN3 inhibition promotes cell survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:1509-14. [PMID: 27314282 PMCID: PMC4940071 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of CDKN3 may be involved in carcinogenesis of liver cancer. The effect of CDKN3 on tumorigenesis and the molecular mechanisms involved have not been fully elucidated. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect CDKN3 expression levels in tumor tissues. CDKN3 siRNA was used to knockdown CDKN3 in QGY7701 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Colony formation assay was used to measure the clonogenic capacity of the tumor cells. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the association between CDKN3 expression level and the HCC clinical pathology index. The CDKN3 expression level was significantly decreased in HCC tumor tissues compared with normal liver tissue and liver cirrhosis tissue. Additionally, CDKN3 expression was negatively-associated with the pathological stage of the tumor. Inhibition of CKDN3 promoted the clonogenic capacity and chemotherapeutic tolerance in HCC tissues compared with controls. Knockdown of CDKN3 resulted in downregulation of p53 and p21 protein levels, whereas, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 expression was upregulated. Thus, CDKN3 expression may reduce the survival of tumor cells and alter the sensitivity to therapeutic agents via the AKT/P53/P21 signaling pathway. Therefore, CDKN3 may be involved in tumor differentiation and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Huilai Miao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Tao Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Nianping Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Mingyi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
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30
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A splicing switch from ketohexokinase-C to ketohexokinase-A drives hepatocellular carcinoma formation. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:561-71. [PMID: 27088854 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fructose is primarily metabolized in the liver. Here we demonstrate that, compared with normal hepatocytes, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells markedly reduce the rate of fructose metabolism and the level of reactive oxygen species, as a result of a c-Myc-dependent and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) H1- and H2-mediated switch from expression of the high-activity fructokinase (KHK)-C to the low-activity KHK-A isoform. Importantly, KHK-A acts as a protein kinase, phosphorylating and activating phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1) to promote pentose phosphate pathway-dependent de novo nucleic acid synthesis and HCC formation. Furthermore, c-Myc, hnRNPH1/2 and KHK-A expression levels and PRPS1 Thr225 phosphorylation levels correlate with each other in HCC specimens and are associated with poor prognosis for HCC. These findings reveal a pivotal mechanism underlying the distinct fructose metabolism between HCC cells and normal hepatocytes and highlight the instrumental role of KHK-A protein kinase activity in promoting de novo nucleic acid synthesis and HCC development.
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31
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Du F, Li Y, Zhang W, Kale SP, McFerrin H, Davenport I, Wang G, Skripnikova E, Li XL, Bowen NJ, McDaniels LB, Meng YX, Polk P, Liu YY, Zhang QJ. Highly and moderately aggressive mouse ovarian cancer cell lines exhibit differential gene expression. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11147-11162. [PMID: 26935058 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer often experience disease recurrence after standard therapies, a critical factor in determining their five-year survival rate. Recent reports indicated that long-term or short-term survival is associated with varied gene expression of cancer cells. Thus, identification of novel prognostic biomarkers should be considered. Since the mouse genome is similar to the human genome, we explored potential prognostic biomarkers using two groups of mouse ovarian cancer cell lines (group 1: IG-10, IG-10pw, and IG-10pw/agar; group 2: IG-10 clones 2, 3, and 11) which display highly and moderately aggressive phenotypes in vivo. Mice injected with these cell lines have different survival time and rates, capacities of tumor, and ascites formations, reflecting different prognostic potentials. Using an Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array, a total of 181 genes were differentially expressed (P < 0.01) by at least twofold between two groups of the cell lines. Of the 181 genes, 109 and 72 genes were overexpressed in highly and moderately aggressive cell lines, respectively. Analysis of the 109 and 72 genes using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) tool revealed two cancer-related gene networks. One was associated with the highly aggressive cell lines and affiliated with MYC gene, and another was associated with the moderately aggressive cell lines and affiliated with the androgen receptor (AR). Finally, the gene enrichment analysis indicated that the overexpressed 89 genes (out of 109 genes) in highly aggressive cell lines had a function annotation in the David database. The cancer-relevant significant gene ontology (GO) terms included Cell cycle, DNA metabolic process, and Programmed cell death. None of the genes from a set of the 72 genes overexpressed in the moderately aggressive cell lines had a function annotation in the David database. Our results suggested that the overexpressed MYC and 109 gene set represented highly aggressive ovarian cancer potential biomarkers while overexpressed AR and 72 gene set represented moderately aggressive ovarian cancer potential biomarkers. Based on our knowledge, the current study is first time to report the potential biomarkers relevant to different aggressive ovarian cancer. These potential biomarkers provide important information for investigating human ovarian cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkun Du
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.,College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Shubha P Kale
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Harris McFerrin
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Ian Davenport
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Elena Skripnikova
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Xiao-Lin Li
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Nathan J Bowen
- Department of Biology Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, 23 James P. Brawley Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Leticia B McDaniels
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Yuan-Xiang Meng
- Department of Family Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 1513 E. Cleveland Ave. Building 100, East Point, GA 30344, USA
| | - Paula Polk
- Research Core Facility, LSUHSC Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Yong-Yu Liu
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
| | - Qian-Jin Zhang
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
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Torabi K, Miró R, Fernández-Jiménez N, Quintanilla I, Ramos L, Prat E, del Rey J, Pujol N, Killian JK, Meltzer PS, Fernández PL, Ried T, Lozano JJ, Camps J, Ponsa I. Patterns of somatic uniparental disomy identify novel tumor suppressor genes in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36:1103-10. [PMID: 26243311 PMCID: PMC4598814 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by specific patterns of copy number alterations (CNAs), which helped with the identification of driver oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). More recently, the usage of single nucleotide polymorphism arrays provided information of copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity, thus suggesting the occurrence of somatic uniparental disomy (UPD) and uniparental polysomy (UPP) events. The aim of this study is to establish an integrative profiling of recurrent UPDs/UPPs and CNAs in sporadic CRC. Our results indicate that regions showing high frequencies of UPD/UPP mostly coincide with regions typically involved in genomic losses. Among them, chromosome arms 3p, 5q, 9q, 10q, 14q, 17p, 17q, 20p, 21q and 22q preferentially showed UPDs/UPPs over genomic losses suggesting that tumor cells must maintain the disomic state of certain genes to favor cellular fitness. A meta-analysis using over 300 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas confirmed our findings. Several regions affected by recurrent UPDs/UPPs contain well-known TSGs, as well as novel candidates such as ARID1A, DLC1, TCF7L2 and DMBT1. In addition, VCAN, FLT4, SFRP1 and GAS7 were also frequently involved in regions of UPD/UPP and displayed high levels of methylation. Finally, sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of the gene APC underlined that a somatic UPD event might represent the second hit to achieve biallelic inactivation of this TSG in colorectal tumors. In summary, our data define a profile of somatic UPDs/UPPs in sporadic CRC and highlights the importance of these events as a mechanism to achieve the inactivation of TSGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Torabi
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Rosa Miró
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Nora Fernández-Jiménez
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Present address: Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Isabel Quintanilla
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain
| | - Laia Ramos
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Present address: Unitat de Genòmica i Bioinformàtica, Institut de Medicina Predictiva i Personalitzada del Càncer (IMPPC), Badalona, Catalonia 08916, Spain
| | - Esther Prat
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Present address: Laboratori de Genètica Molecular, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Javier del Rey
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Núria Pujol
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - J Keith Killian
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul S Meltzer
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pedro Luis Fernández
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic/IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain and
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan José Lozano
- Bioinformatics Unit, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Immaculada Ponsa
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain,
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Niu Z, Liu H, Zhou M, Wang H, Liu Y, Li X, Xiong W, Ma J, Li X, Li G. Knockdown of c-Myc inhibits cell proliferation by negatively regulating the Cdk/Rb/E2F pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:183-91. [PMID: 25630654 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmu129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene c-Myc encodes a transcription factor that is involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Several studies indicate that the over-expression of c-Myc is a frequent genetic abnormality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Therefore, specifically reducing its level by genetic means in established NPC cell lines helps to better understand its role in the pathogenesis of NPC. In this study, for the first time, we successfully established and characterized NPC 5-8F cell line with stably suppressed c-Myc expression by employing a DNA-based RNA interference approach. The suppression of c-Myc resulted in reduced cell growth, colony formation, and cell cycle progression in 5-8F cells. In vivo tumor formation assays revealed that the knockdown of c-Myc reduced the tumorigenic potential of 5-8F cells in nude mice. At the molecular level, we found that the knockdown of c-Myc could decrease the expression of several critical molecules involved in the Cdk/Rb/E2F pathway, including CDK4, cyclin D1, CDK2, pRb, E2F3, and DP2, and significantly reduced the promoter activity of cyclin D1. Taken together, these findings provide valuable mechanistic insights into the role of c-Myc in nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis and suggest that the knockdown of c-Myc may be a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Niu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Huaying Liu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Heran Wang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, China
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34
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Popescu NC, Goodison S. Deleted in liver cancer-1 (DLC1): an emerging metastasis suppressor gene. Mol Diagn Ther 2015; 18:293-302. [PMID: 24519699 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-014-0086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
While significant progress continues to be made in the early detection and therapeutic management of primary tumors, the incidence of metastatic disease remains the major cause of mortality. Accordingly, the development of novel effective therapies that can ameliorate dissemination and secondary tumor growth are a clinical priority. The identification of genetic and functional alterations in cancer cells that affect factors implicated in the metastatic process is critical for designing preventive and therapeutic strategies. Evidence implicating the protein deleted in liver cancer-1 (DLC1), a Rho GTPase activator, in metastasis has accumulated to a point where DLC1 may be considered as a metastasis suppressor gene. This review presents evidence supporting an anti-metastatic role for DLC1 in several human cancers and discusses the mechanisms contributing to its inhibitory effects. In addition, promising opportunities for therapeutic interventions based on DLC1 function and downstream pathways involved in the metastatic process are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Popescu
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 4140, 37 Convent Dr., MSC 4262, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4262, USA,
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35
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Esplin ED, Snyder MP. Genomic era diagnosis and management of hereditary and sporadic colon cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2014; 5:1036-1047. [PMID: 25493239 PMCID: PMC4259930 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i5.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality attributable to heritable and sporadic carcinomas of the colon are substantial and affect children and adults alike. Despite current colonoscopy screening recommendations colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) still accounts for almost 140000 cancer cases yearly. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a colon cancer predisposition due to alterations in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene, which is mutated in most CRC. Since the beginning of the genomic era next-generation sequencing analyses of CRC continue to improve our understanding of the genetics of tumorigenesis and promise to expand our ability to identify and treat this disease. Advances in genome sequence analysis have facilitated the molecular diagnosis of individuals with FAP, which enables initiation of appropriate monitoring and timely intervention. Genome sequencing also has potential clinical impact for individuals with sporadic forms of CRC, providing means for molecular diagnosis of CRC tumor type, data guiding selection of tumor targeted therapies, and pharmacogenomic profiles specifying patient specific drug tolerances. There is even a potential role for genomic sequencing in surveillance for recurrence, and early detection, of CRC. We review strategies for diagnostic assessment and management of FAP and sporadic CRC in the current genomic era, with emphasis on the current, and potential for future, impact of genome sequencing on the clinical care of these conditions.
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36
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He XX, Guo AY, Xu CR, Chang Y, Xiang GY, Gong J, Dan ZL, Tian DA, Liao JZ, Lin JS. Bioinformatics analysis identifies miR-221 as a core regulator in hepatocellular carcinoma and its silencing suppresses tumor properties. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1200-10. [PMID: 24993451 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a worldwide malignancy; however, there is a lack of effective targeted therapies. We and others have found that miR-221 is one of the most consistently overexpressed miRNAs in liver cancer. However, the roles of miR-221 in hepatocellular carcinogenesis are still not fully elucidated. In the present study, we used bioinformatics tools, gain- and loss-of-function methods to determine the roles of miR-221 in HCC. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-221 is a core miRNA which targets a large number of HCC-related genes and has formed many feed-forward regulatory loops combining transcription factors (TFs) to regulate HCC-related genes. Inhibition of miR-221 in liver cancer cells decreased cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration/invasion and also induced G1 arrest and apoptosis. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-221 bound directly to the 3'-untranslated region of BMF, BBC3 and ANGPTL2, and inhibited the expression of BMF, BBC3 and ANGPTL2. In a mouse model, lentivirus‑mediated miR-221 silencing could significantly suppress the growth of hepatoma xenografts in nude mice. In conclusion, we showed that miR-221 is a critical modulator in the HCC signaling pathway, and miR-221 silencing inhibits liver cancer malignant properties in vitro and in vivo, which may benefit the treatment for patients with unresectable HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing He
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - An-Yuan Guo
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Rui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ya Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jing Gong
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Li Dan
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - De-An Tian
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Zhi Liao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Wang C, Guo Y, Wang J, Min Z. The suppressive role of SOX7 in hepatocarcinogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97433. [PMID: 24816720 PMCID: PMC4016311 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
SOX7 is a transcription factor mediating various developmental processes. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Here, we assessed the role of SOX7 in hepatocarcinogenesis. We found HCC samples exhibited lower levels of SOX7 mRNA and protein expression than non-tumor samples, and the expression of SOX7 was negatively correlated with tumor size. SOX7 expression was also reduced in four HCC cell lines (SMMC-7721, Hep3B, HepG2 and Huh 7). Overexpression of SOX7 could inhibit HCC cell growth, with G1to S phase arrest. In SOX7-overexpression cells, cyclin D1 and c-myc, two cell cycle promoters, were down-regulated. Moreover, ectopic expression of cyclin D1 or c-myc could override G1 to S pahse arrest induced by SOX7. Furthermore, overexpression of SOX7 suppressed tumor formation with down-regulation of cyclin D1 and c-myc in vivo. The expression of Ki-67, a proliferation marker, was also reduced in SOX7-overexpression tumors. Taken together, our study suggests that SOX7 plays an important inhibitory role in hepatocarcinogenesis, and might be a novel target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences of Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqun Min
- Clinical Laboratory Center of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Oosterveer MH, Schoonjans K. Hepatic glucose sensing and integrative pathways in the liver. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1453-67. [PMID: 24196749 PMCID: PMC11114046 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The hepatic glucose-sensing system is a functional network of enzymes and transcription factors that is critical for the maintenance of energy homeostasis and systemic glycemia. Here we review the recent literature on its components and metabolic actions. Glucokinase (GCK) is generally considered as the initial postprandial glucose-sensing component, which acts as the gatekeeper for hepatic glucose metabolism and provides metabolites that activate the transcription factor carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP). Recently, liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) has emerged as an upstream regulator of the central GCK-ChREBP axis, with a critical role in the integration of hepatic intermediary metabolism in response to glucose. Evidence is also accumulating that O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) and acetylation can act as glucose-sensitive modifications that may contribute to hepatic glucose sensing by targeting regulatory proteins and the epigenome. Further elucidation of the components and functional roles of the hepatic glucose-sensing system may contribute to the future treatment of liver diseases associated with deregulated glucose sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike H. Oosterveer
- Department of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Li F, Dong L, Xing R, Wang L, Luan F, Yao C, Ji X, Bai L. Homeobox B9 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinomas and promotes tumor cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444:241-7. [PMID: 24462859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
HomeoboxB9 (HOXB9), a nontransforming transcription factor that is overexpressed in multiple tumor types, alters tumor cell fate and promotes tumor progression. However, the role of HOXB9 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development has not been well studied. In this paper, we found that HOXB9 is overexpressed in human HCC samples. We investigated HOXB9 expression and its prognostic value for HCC. HCC surgical tissue samples were taken from 89 HCC patients. HOXB9 overexpression was observed in 65.2% of the cases, and the survival analysis showed that the HOXB9 overexpression group had significantly shorter overall survival time than the HOXB9 downexpression group. The ectopic expression of HOXB9 stimulated the proliferation of HCC cells; whereas the knockdown of HOXB9 produced an opposite effect. HOXB9 also modulated the tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vivo. Moreover, we found that the activation of TGF-β1 contributes to HOXB9-induced proliferation activities. The results provide the first evidence that HOXB9 is a critical regulator of tumor growth factor in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Street, Shahekou District, Dalian 116001, China.
| | - Rong Xing
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Lvshunnan Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Fengming Luan
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Chenhui Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Xuening Ji
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Lizhi Bai
- Department of Emergency, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China.
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Jaiswal M, Dvorsky R, Amin E, Risse SL, Fansa EK, Zhang SC, Taha MS, Gauhar AR, Nakhaei-Rad S, Kordes C, Koessmeier KT, Cirstea IC, Olayioye MA, Häussinger D, Ahmadian MR. Functional cross-talk between ras and rho pathways: a Ras-specific GTPase-activating protein (p120RasGAP) competitively inhibits the RhoGAP activity of deleted in liver cancer (DLC) tumor suppressor by masking the catalytic arginine finger. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:6839-6849. [PMID: 24443565 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.527655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The three deleted in liver cancer genes (DLC1-3) encode Rho-specific GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs). Their expression is frequently silenced in a variety of cancers. The RhoGAP activity, which is required for full DLC-dependent tumor suppressor activity, can be inhibited by the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain of a Ras-specific GAP (p120RasGAP). Here, we comprehensively investigated the molecular mechanism underlying cross-talk between two distinct regulators of small GTP-binding proteins using structural and biochemical methods. We demonstrate that only the SH3 domain of p120 selectively inhibits the RhoGAP activity of all three DLC isoforms as compared with a large set of other representative SH3 or RhoGAP proteins. Structural and mutational analyses provide new insights into a putative interaction mode of the p120 SH3 domain with the DLC1 RhoGAP domain that is atypical and does not follow the classical PXXP-directed interaction. Hence, p120 associates with the DLC1 RhoGAP domain by targeting the catalytic arginine finger and thus by competitively and very potently inhibiting RhoGAP activity. The novel findings of this study shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the DLC inhibitory effects of p120 and suggest a functional cross-talk between Ras and Rho proteins at the level of regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Jaiswal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Radovan Dvorsky
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Ehsan Amin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Sarah L Risse
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Eyad K Fansa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Si-Cai Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Mohamed S Taha
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Aziz R Gauhar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Saeideh Nakhaei-Rad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Claus Kordes
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Katja T Koessmeier
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Ion C Cirstea
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf; Leibniz Institute for Age Research, 07745 Jena
| | - Monilola A Olayioye
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Mohammad R Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf.
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Tripathi V, Popescu NC, Zimonjic DB. DLC1 suppresses NF-κB activity in prostate cancer cells due to its stabilizing effect on adherens junctions. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:27. [PMID: 24683532 PMCID: PMC3967735 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
DLC1 (Deleted in Liver Cancer 1) gene encodes a RhoGTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP), which exerts most of its tumor suppressor functions through suppression of small Rho GTPases proteins RhoA, RhoB, RhoC and to some degree Cdc42, but not Rac. RhoGTPases are implicated in NF-κB activation in highly invasive prostate carcinoma (PCA), with consequences on cell proliferation, survival and metastatic capacity. Here we demonstrate that DLC1 transduction in two androgen-independent (AI) and highly metastatic PCA cell lines negatively regulates NF-κB activity in a GAP- and α-catenin-dependent manner. Expressed DLC1 protein suppresses the phosphorylation of NF-κB inhibitor, IκBα, causes its relocation from membrane ruffles into cytoplasm and attenuates its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. DLC1-mediated NF-kB suppression and its effects are comparable to NF-κB inhibition using either shRNA knockdown or peptide inhibitor. Expression of transduced DLC1 suppressed the expression of NF-κB mediated genes. Such effects were found to be reliant on presence of calcium, indicating that the observed modifications are dependent on, and enabled by DLC-mediated stabilization of adherens junctions. These results expand the multitude of DLC1 interactions with other genes that modulate its oncosuppressive function, and may have potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veenu Tripathi
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4262, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Nicholas C Popescu
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4262, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Drazen B Zimonjic
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, MSC 4262, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 USA
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Alpy F, Tomasetto C. START ships lipids across interorganelle space. Biochimie 2014; 96:85-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Li X, Bian Y, Takizawa Y, Hashimoto T, Ikoma T, Tanaka J, Kitamura N, Inagaki Y, Komada M, Tanaka T. ERK-Dependent Downregulation of Skp2 Reduces Myc Activity with HGF, Leading to Inhibition of Cell Proliferation through a Decrease in Id1 Expression. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 11:1437-47. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-12-0718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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44
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Dai Z, Jin Y. Promoter methylation of the DLC‑1 gene and its inhibitory effect on human colon cancer. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:1511-7. [PMID: 23783552 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in liver cancer‑1 (DLC‑1), a candidate tumor suppressor gene which is inactive in liver carcinogenesis, is located at 8p21.3, where deletions are frequently found in several types of human cancer. Promoter hypermethylation is an epigenetic mechanism leading to silencing of the gene expression, which may be the primary cause for the absence of DLC‑1. We investigated the expression of the DLC‑1 gene and the methylation of the DLC‑1 gene in colon cancer cell lines (Caco‑2, LoVo and HT‑29). The data showed that reduced or undetectable levels of DLC‑1 mRNA were found in HT‑29 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR). By contrast, the DLC‑1 gene was significantly expressed in Caco‑2 and LoVo cells. These findings were in agreement with the data obtained from western blot analysis. To further determine whether aberrant methylation is a contributing factor to transcriptional inactivation of DLC‑1 in HT‑29, the methylation of promoter was examined using methylation‑specific PCR and sodium bisulfite genomic sequencing in LoVo and HT‑29 cells, which suggests that promoter hypermethylation accounts for silencing of the DLC‑1 gene in HT‑29 cells. Since DLC‑1 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene, we sought to determine whether DLC‑1 expression is associated with cell proliferation in colon cancer cell lines. RNA interference techniques were adopted to inhibit DLC‑1 expression in the LoVo cell line and resulted in inhibition of cell growth and reduced colony formation. Collectively, our observations suggest that hypermethylation is responsible for abrogating the function of the DLC‑1 gene in colon cancer and indicate a role of DLC‑1 in colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Dai
- Department of Hematology‑Oncology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
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Qinyu L, Long C, Zhen-dong D, Min-min S, Wei-ze W, Wei-ping Y, Cheng-hong P. FOXO6 promotes gastric cancer cell tumorigenicity via upregulation of C-myc. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:2105-11. [PMID: 23714368 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant regulation of many related genes is involved in the development and progression of gastric carcinoma. In the present study, we show that mRNA and protein levels of FOXO6 are upregulated in gastric cancer tissues. Forced overexpression of FOXO6 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, while knockdown of FOXO6 expression inhibits proliferation. We show that ectopic FOXO6 expression induces the expression of C-myc. Furthermore, we found that FOXO6 physically interacts with the transcription factor hepatic nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) in gastric cancer cells. FOXO6 induces C-myc expression by associating to HNF4 and mediating histone acetylation, and the dissociation of HDAC3 from the promoter of the C-myc gene. Therefore, our results suggest a previously unknown FOXO6/HNF4/C-myc molecular network controlling gastric cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qinyu
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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DLC1 induces expression of E-cadherin in prostate cancer cells through Rho pathway and suppresses invasion. Oncogene 2013; 33:724-33. [PMID: 23376848 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin is a cell-cell adhesion molecule that acts as a suppressor of cancer cell invasion and its expression is downregulated in many advanced, poorly differentiated, human cancers. In this study, we found that the expression of DLC1 (deleted in liver cancer 1) tumor-suppressor gene in metastatic prostate carcinoma (PCA) cells increased the expression of E-cadherin and resulted in an elevated rate of cell-cell aggregation as measured by aggregation assay. DLC1-mediated increase in E-cadherin expression was not dependent on α-catenin, a DLC1-binding protein associated with E-cadherin, and/or cellular density. The increase of E-cadherin expression occurred at mRNA level and relied on DLC1 RhoGAP function, leading to suppression of high level of RhoA-GTP and RhoC-GTP activity in metastatic PCA cells. Application of Rho/ROCK inhibitors produced the same effect as introduction of DLC1. Knocking down of RhoA produced a moderate increase in E-cadherin whereas knocking down of RhoC resulted in a significant increase of E-cadherin. Downregulation of E-cadherin caused by constitutively active RhoA(V14) and RhoC(V14) could not be reversed by expression of DLC1 in DLC1-negative cell line. DLC1-mediated suppression of metastatic PCA cells invasion was comparable with the one associated with ectopic E-cadherin expression, or caused by suppression of Rho pathway either by Rho/ROCK inhibitors, or by shRNA repression. This study demonstrates that DLC1 expression positively regulates E-cadherin and suppresses highly metastatic PCA cell invasion by modulating Rho pathway, which appears as a feasible therapeutic target in cancers with high activity of RhoGTPases.
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