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Gamberoni F, Borgese M, Pagiatakis C, Armenia I, Grazù V, Gornati R, Serio S, Papait R, Bernardini G. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with and without Cobalt Functionalization Provoke Changes in the Transcription Profile via Epigenetic Modulation of Enhancer Activity. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9151-9159. [PMID: 37494138 PMCID: PMC10571150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the progress in the field of nanotoxicology, much about the cellular mechanisms that mediate the adverse effects of nanoparticles (NPs) and, in particular, the possible role of epigenetics in nanotoxicity, remains to be clarified. Therefore, we studied the changes occurring in the genome-wide distribution of H3K27ac, H3K4me1, H3K9me2, and H3K27me3 histone modifications and compared them with the transcriptome after exposing NIH3T3 cells to iron-based magnetic NPs (i.e., Fe2O3 and Fe2O3@Co NPs). We found that the transcription response is mainly due to changes in the genomic distribution of H3K27ac that can modulate the activity of enhancers. We propose that alteration of the epigenetic landscape is a key mechanism in defining the gene expression program changes resulting in nanotoxicity. With this approach, it is possible to construct a data set of genomic regions that could be useful for defining toxicity in a manner that is more comprehensive than what is possible with the present toxicology assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gamberoni
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University
of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Marina Borgese
- Department
of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via Guicciardini 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Christina Pagiatakis
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University
of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
- IRCCS
Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Armenia
- BioNanoSurf
Group, Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales
de Aragón (INMA, CSIC-UNIZAR), Edificio I + D, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Valeria Grazù
- BioNanoSurf
Group, Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales
de Aragón (INMA, CSIC-UNIZAR), Edificio I + D, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosalba Gornati
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University
of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Simone Serio
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University
of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
- IRCCS
Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, MI, Italy
| | - Roberto Papait
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University
of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
- IRCCS
Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University
of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Wang J, Zuo Z, Yu Z, Chen Z, Meng X, Ma Z, Niu J, Guo R, Tran LJ, Zhang J, Jiang T, Ye F, Ma B, Sun Z. Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealing the intratumoral heterogeneity of ccRCC and validation of MT2A in pathogenesis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:300. [PMID: 37713131 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) appears as the most common type of kidney cancer, the carcinogenesis of which has not been fully elucidated. Tumor heterogeneity plays a crucial role in cancer progression, which could be largely deciphered by the implement of scRNA-seq. The bulk and single-cell RNA expression profile is obtained from TCGA and study conducted by Young et al. We utilized UMAP, TSNE, and clustering algorithm Louvain for dimensionality reduction and FindAllMarkers function for determining the DEGs. Monocle2 was utilized to perform pseudo-time series analysis. SCENIC was implemented for transcription factor analysis of each cell subgroup. A series of WB, CFA, CCK-8, and EDU analysis was utilized for the validation of the role of MT2A in ccRCC carcinogenesis. We observed higher infiltration of T/NK and B cells in tumorous tissues, indicating the role of immune cells in ccRCC carcinogenesis. Transcription factor analysis revealed the activation of EOMES and ETS1 in CD8 + T cells, while CAFs were divided into myo-CAFs and i-CAFs, with i-CAFs showing distinct enrichment of ATF3, JUND, JUNB, EGR1, and XBP1. Through cell trajectory analysis, we discerned three distinct stages of cellular evolution, where State2 symbolizes normal renal tubular cells that underwent transitions into State1 and State3 as the CNV score ascended. Functional enrichment examination revealed an amplification of interferon gamma and inflammatory response pathways within tumor cells. The consensus clustering algorithm yielded two molecular subtypes, with cluster 2 being associated with advanced tumor stages and an abundance of infiltrated immune cells. We identified 17 prognostic genes through Cox and LASSO regression models and used them to construct a prognostic model, the efficacy of which was verified in multiple cohorts. Furthermore, we investigated the role of MT2A, one of our hub genes, in ccRCC carcinogenesis, and found it to regulate proliferation and migration of malignant cells. We depicted a detailed single-cell landscape of ccRCC, with special focus on CAFs, endothelial cells, and renal tubular cells. A prognostic model of high stability and accuracy was constructed based on the DEGs. MT2A was found to be actively implicated in ccRCC carcinogenesis, regulating proliferation and migration of the malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Meishan City, Meishan, 620500, Sichuan, China
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Zili Zuo
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Meishan City, Meishan, 620500, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongze Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Meishan City, Meishan, 620500, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhigui Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Meishan City, Meishan, 620500, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangdi Meng
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaosen Ma
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Jiqiang Niu
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Lisa Jia Tran
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jing Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, The University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA
| | - Tianxiao Jiang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, The University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA
| | - Fangdie Ye
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Baoluo Ma
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhou Sun
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China.
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Björkman S, Kauffold J, Kaiser MØ. Reproductive health of the sow during puerperium. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:561-579. [PMID: 36054784 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The modern hyperprolific sow is susceptible to metabolic disease and chronic inflammation. The most sensitive phase is parturition, when the sow experiences systemic inflammation and stress, and major changes in metabolism and endocrinology. Resolution of inflammation and stress needs to happen quickly to ensure good reproductive health during puerperium. If the sow fails to adapt to these changes, puerperal disease may occur. The economically most important puerperal disease complex is the postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PPDS). Other puerperal diseases include infections of the urogenital tract. Diagnosis of PPDS and urogenital disease on-farm is challenging but several diagnostic methods, including clinical examination, behavioral observations, ultrasonography and biomarkers are available. Ultrasonography is an excellent tool for monitoring the health of the urogenital tract, the mammary gland, and uterine involution and guide further diagnostic interventions. Biomarkers such as Chromogranin A, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 represent promising tools to monitor general health and the systemic state of inflammation and oxidative stress of the sow. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, dopamine antagonists, and oxytocin are promising to address the symptoms of PPDS. Reducing of stress, improving nutrition and intestinal health, and supporting animal welfare-friendly husbandry help in the prevention of PPDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Björkman
- Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes Kauffold
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Song L, Zeng R, Yang K, Liu W, Xu Z, Kang F. The biological significance of cuproptosis-key gene MTF1 in pan-cancer and its inhibitory effects on ROS-mediated cell death of liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:113. [PMID: 37380924 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF1) has been reported to be correlated with several human diseases, especially like cancers. Exploring the underlying mechanisms and biological functions of MTF1 could provide novel strategies for clinical diagnosis and therapy of cancers. In this study, we conducted the comprehensive analysis to evaluate the profiles of MTF1 in pan-cancer. For example, TIMER2.0, TNMplot and GEPIA2.0 were employed to analyze the expression values of MTF1 in pan-cancer. The methylation levels of MTF1 were evaluated via UALCAN and DiseaseMeth version 2.0 databases. The mutation profiles of MTF1 in pan-cancers were analyzed using cBioPortal. GEPIA2.0, Kaplan-Meier plotter and cBioPortal were also used to explore the roles of MTF1 in cancer prognosis. We found that high MTF1 expression was related to poor prognosis of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and brain lower grade glioma (LGG). Also, high expression level of MTF1 was associated with good prognosis of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), lung cancer, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. We investigated the genetic alteration and methylation levels of MTF1 between the primary tumor and normal tissues. The relationship between MTF1 expression and several immune cells was analyzed, including T cell CD8 + and dendritic cells (DC). Mechanically, MTF1-interacted molecules might participate in the regulation of metabolism-related pathways, such as peptidyl-serine phosphorylation, negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process and peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Single cell sequencing indicated that MTF1 was associated with angiogenesis, DNA repair and cell invasion. In addition, in vitro experiment indicated knockdown of MTF1 resulted in the suppressed cell proliferation, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoted cell death in LIHC cells HepG2 and Huh7. Taken together, this pan-cancer analysis of MTF1 has implicated that MTF1 could play an essential role in the progression of various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Keda Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Fanhua Kang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, Hunan, China.
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Liu L, Li Y, Tang S, Yang B, Zhang Q, Xiao R, Hou X, Liu C, Ma L. Gleason Score-related MT1L as biomarker for prognosis in prostate adenocarcinoma and contribute to tumor progression in vitro. Int J Biol Markers 2023:3936155231156458. [PMID: 37192745 DOI: 10.1177/03936155231156458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Gleason Score is well correlated with biological behavior and prognosis in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). This study was derived to determine the clinical significance and function of Gleason-Score-related genes in PRAD. METHODS RNA-sequencing profiles and clinical data were extracted from the The Cancer Genome Atlas PRAD database. The Gleason-Score-related genes were screened out by the Jonckheere-Terpstra rank-based test. The "limma" R package was performed for differentially expressed genes. Next, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. Correlation MT1L expression levels with tumor stage, non-tumor tissue stage, radiation therapy, and residual tumor were analyzed. Further, MT1L expression was detected in PRAD cell lines by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Overexpression of MT1L was constructed and used for cell count kit-8, flow cytometric assay, transwell assay, and wound-healing assay. RESULTS Survival analysis showed 15 Gleason-Score-related genes as prognostic biomarkers in PRAD. The high-frequency deletion of MT1L was verified in PRAD. Furthermore, MT1L expression was decreased in PRAD cell lines than RWPE-1 cells, and overexpression of MT1L repressed cell proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells. CONCLUSION Gleason-Score-related MT1L may serve as a biomarker of poor prognostic biomarker in PRAD. In addition, MT1L plays a tumor suppressor in PRAD progression, which is beneficial for PRAD diagnosis and treatment research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Medicine, Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Shiying Tang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruotao Xiao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Hou
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Miyazaki I, Asanuma M. Multifunctional Metallothioneins as a Target for Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040894. [PMID: 37107269 PMCID: PMC10135286 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms based on a loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and by non-motor symptoms which precede motor symptoms. Neurodegeneration accompanied by an accumulation of α-synuclein is thought to propagate from the enteric nervous system to the central nervous system. The pathogenesis in sporadic PD remains unknown. However, many reports indicate various etiological factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, α-synuclein toxicity and mitochondrial impairment, drive neurodegeneration. Exposure to heavy metals contributes to these etiopathogenesis and increases the risk of developing PD. Metallothioneins (MTs) are cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins; MTs chelate metals and inhibit metal-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, MTs possess antioxidative properties by scavenging free radicals and exert anti-inflammatory effects by suppression of microglial activation. Furthermore, MTs recently received attention as a potential target for attenuating metal-induced α-synuclein aggregation. In this article, we summarize MTs expression in the central and enteric nervous system, and review protective functions of MTs against etiopathogenesis in PD. We also discuss neuroprotective strategies for the prevention of central dopaminergic and enteric neurodegeneration by targeting MTs. This review highlights multifunctional MTs as a target for the development of disease-modifying drugs for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Miyazaki
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masato Asanuma
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Shrestha S, Haque ME, Ighofose E, Mcmahon M, Kalyan G, Guyer R, Kalonick M, Kochanowski J, Wegner K, Somji S, Sens DA, Garrett SH. Primary and Immortalized Cultures of Human Proximal Tubule Cells Possess Both Progenitor and Non-Progenitor Cells That Can Impact Experimental Results. J Pers Med 2023; 13:613. [PMID: 37108999 PMCID: PMC10146827 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported the presence of renal proximal tubule specific progenitor cells which co-express PROM1 and CD24 markers on the cell surface. The RPTEC/TERT cell line is a telomerase-immortalized proximal tubule cell line that expresses two populations of cells, one co-expressing PROM1 and CD24 and another expressing only CD24, identical to primary cultures of human proximal tubule cells (HPT). The RPTEC/TERT cell line was used by the authors to generate two new cell lines, HRTPT co-expressing PROM1 and CD24 and HREC24T expressing only CD24. The HRTPT cell line has been shown to express properties expected of renal progenitor cells while HREC24T expresses none of these properties. The HPT cells were used in a previous study to determine the effects of elevated glucose concentrations on global gene expression. This study showed the alteration of expression of lysosomal and mTOR associated genes. In the present study, this gene set was used to determine if pure populations of cells expressing both PROM1 and CD24 had different patterns of expression than those expressing only CD24 when exposed to elevated glucose concentrations. In addition, experiments were performed to determine whether cross-talk might occur between the two cell lines based on their expression of PROM1 and CD24. It was shown that the expression of the mTOR and lysosomal genes was altered in expression between the HRTPT and HREC24T cell lines based on their PROM1 and CD24 expression. Using metallothionein (MT) expression as a marker demonstrated that both cell lines produced condition media that could alter the expression of the MT genes. It was also determined that PROM1 and CD24 co-expression was limited in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Scott H. Garrett
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, 1301 N. Columbia Road, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (S.S.); (M.E.H.); (E.I.); (M.M.); (G.K.); (R.G.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (K.W.); (S.S.); (D.A.S.)
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Li J, Lei Y, Zhao Y. Metallothionein-2A Protects Cardiomyocytes from Hypoxia/reper-Fusion through Inhibiting p38. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:69-75. [PMID: 36445616 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reperfusion of coronary artery blood supply is often accompanied by myocardial hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) injury, and induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. The activation of p38 can induce apoptosis, thereby aggravating the myocardial H/R injury. Metallothionein-2A (MT2A) has the functions of anti-apoptosis and protective effect through p38. However, it is not clear that MT2A may protect cardiomyocytes from H/R injury through p38 signaling pathway. Here, we constructed an H/R model for H9c2 cardiomyocytes to explore the protective effect of MT2A on cardiomyocytes apoptosis during the process of H/R through p38 signal pathway. The results revealed that both endogenously overexpressed MT2A and exogenously added MT2A can inhibit the active expression of p-p38 and cleaved caspase-3 under H/R. Based on our results, H/R induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis and activation of p38. And, MT2A can inhibit the active expression of caspase-3 and p38. We found that MT2A can protect cardiomyocytes apoptosis from H/R injury through p38 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jike Li
- Cardiovascular Department, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 69, Fengcheng 8th Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China
| | - Yuanlin Lei
- Cardiovascular Department, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 69, Fengcheng 8th Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Haikou, Hainan Province, 570102, China.
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Mikiewicz M, Paździor-Czapula K, Fiedorowicz J, Gesek M, Otrocka-Domagała I. Metallothionein expression in feline injection site fibrosarcomas. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:42. [PMID: 36759896 PMCID: PMC9912506 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feline injection site fibrosarcoma is an aggressive and infiltrative tumour arising in the background of chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of metallothionein (I-II) in feline injection site fibrosarcomas and to assess its possible relationships with Ki67 index, inflammation score and tumour grade. The study included 40 feline fibrosarcomas, located in the common injection sites (i.e., interscapular area, thigh, flank), constituting archival diagnostic specimens collected between 2019-2020. Tumours were graded histologically according to the newly proposed soft-tissue sarcoma grading system in cats. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of Ki67 and metallothionein in tumour cells. RESULTS The cytoplasmic and sometimes nuclear expression of metallothionein was observed in all tumours grade I, 66.67% of tumours grade II and 55% of tumours grade III. The expression of metallothionein was negatively correlated with tumour grade and inflammation score, while the Ki67 index was positively correlated with tumour grade, inflammation score and necrosis score. CONCLUSION The downregulation of MT expression in feline injection site fibrosarcomas seems to be connected with an increase in the inflammatory infiltration, hence tumour progression. This is the first study describing metallothionein expression in feline injection site fibrosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Mikiewicz
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Paździor-Czapula
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Fiedorowicz
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał Gesek
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Iwona Otrocka-Domagała
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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Wang T, Long Y, Ma L, Dong Q, Li Y, Guo J, Jin L, Di L, Zhang Y, Wang L, Hou Z. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals cellular heterogeneity from deep fascia in patients with acute compartment syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1062479. [PMID: 36741388 PMCID: PMC9889980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1062479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction High stress in the compartment surrounded by the deep fascia can cause acute compartment syndrome (ACS) that may result in necrosis of the limbs. The study aims to investigate the cellular heterogeneity of the deep fascia in ACS patients by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Methods We collected deep fascia samples from patients with ACS (high-stress group, HG, n=3) and patients receiving thigh amputation due to osteosarcoma (normal-stress group, NG, n=3). We utilized ultrasound and scanning electron microscopy to observe the morphologic change of the deep fascia, used multiplex staining and multispectral imaging to explore immune cell infiltration, and applied scRNA-seq to investigate the cellular heterogeneity of the deep fascia and to identify differentially expressed genes. Results Notably, we identified GZMK+interferon-act CD4 central memory T cells as a specific high-stress compartment subcluster expressing interferon-related genes. Additionally, the changes in the proportions of inflammation-related subclusters, such as the increased proportion of M2 macrophages and decreased proportion of M1 macrophages, may play crucial roles in the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory in the development of ACS. Furthermore, we found that heat shock protein genes were highly expressed but metal ion-related genes (S100 family and metallothionein family) were down-regulated in various subpopulations under high stress. Conclusions We identified a high stress-specific subcluster and variations in immune cells and fibroblast subclusters, as well as their differentially expressed genes, in ACS patients. Our findings reveal the functions of the deep fascia in the pathophysiology of ACS, providing new approaches for its treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yubin Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lijie Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Junfei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Luqin Di
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Zhiyong Hou, ; Ling Wang,
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Zhiyong Hou, ; Ling Wang,
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11
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Zhang B, Wang Q, Zhang T, Zheng Z, Lin Z, Zhou S, Zheng D, Chen Z, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Lin X, Dong R, Chen J, Qian H, Hu X, Zhuang Y, Zhang Q, Jin Z, Jiang S, Ma Y. Identification and validation of a novel cuproptosis-related gene signature in multiple myeloma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1159355. [PMID: 37152283 PMCID: PMC10157051 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1159355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cuproptosis is a newly identified unique copper-triggered modality of mitochondrial cell death, distinct from known death mechanisms such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic neoplasm characterized by the malignant proliferation of plasma cells. In the development of MM, almost all patients undergo a relatively benign course from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to smoldering myeloma (SMM), which further progresses to active myeloma. However, the prognostic value of cuproptosis in MM remains unknown. Method: In this study, we systematically investigated the genetic variants, expression patterns, and prognostic value of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in MM. CRG scores derived from the prognostic model were used to perform the risk stratification of MM patients. We then explored their differences in clinical characteristics and immune patterns and assessed their value in prognosis prediction and treatment response. Nomograms were also developed to improve predictive accuracy and clinical applicability. Finally, we collected MM cell lines and patient samples to validate marker gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: The evolution from MGUS and SMM to MM was also accompanied by differences in the CRG expression profile. Then, a well-performing cuproptosis-related risk model was developed to predict prognosis in MM and was validated in two external cohorts. The high-risk group exhibited higher clinical risk indicators. Cox regression analyses showed that the model was an independent prognostic predictor in MM. Patients in the high-risk group had significantly lower survival rates than those in the low-risk group (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, CRG scores were significantly correlated with immune infiltration, stemness index and immunotherapy sensitivity. We further revealed the close association between CRG scores and mitochondrial metabolism. Subsequently, the prediction nomogram showed good predictive power and calibration. Finally, the prognostic CRGs were further validated by qRT-PCR in vitro. Conclusion: CRGs were closely related to the immune pattern and self-renewal biology of cancer cells in MM. This prognostic model provided a new perspective for the risk stratification and treatment response prediction of MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quanqiang Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziwei Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhili Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shujuan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zixing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sisi Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanru Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rujiao Dong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Honglan Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhouxiang Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhouxiang Jin, ; Songfu Jiang, ; Yongyong Ma,
| | - Songfu Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhouxiang Jin, ; Songfu Jiang, ; Yongyong Ma,
| | - Yongyong Ma
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Hospital Emergency and Process Digitization, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhouxiang Jin, ; Songfu Jiang, ; Yongyong Ma,
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12
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Plaza-Jennings AL, Valada A, O'Shea C, Iskhakova M, Hu B, Javidfar B, Ben Hutta G, Lambert TY, Murray J, Kassim B, Chandrasekaran S, Chen BK, Morgello S, Won H, Akbarian S. HIV integration in the human brain is linked to microglial activation and 3D genome remodeling. Mol Cell 2022; 82:4647-4663.e8. [PMID: 36525955 PMCID: PMC9831062 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To explore genome organization and function in the HIV-infected brain, we applied single-nuclei transcriptomics, cell-type-specific chromosomal conformation mapping, and viral integration site sequencing (IS-seq) to frontal cortex from individuals with encephalitis (HIVE) and without (HIV+). Derepressive changes in 3D genomic compartment structures in HIVE microglia were linked to the transcriptional activation of interferon (IFN) signaling and cell migratory pathways, while transcriptional downregulation and repressive compartmentalization of neuronal health and signaling genes occurred in both HIVE and HIV+ microglia. IS-seq recovered 1,221 brain integration sites showing distinct genomic patterns compared with peripheral lymphocytes, with enrichment for sequences newly mobilized into a permissive chromatin environment after infection. Viral transcription occurred in a subset of highly activated microglia comprising 0.33% of all nuclei in HIVE brain. Our findings point to disrupted microglia-neuronal interactions in HIV and link retroviral integration to remodeling of the microglial 3D genome during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara L Plaza-Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aditi Valada
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Callan O'Shea
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marina Iskhakova
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benxia Hu
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Behnam Javidfar
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gabriella Ben Hutta
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tova Y Lambert
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jacinta Murray
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bibi Kassim
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sandhya Chandrasekaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin K Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Susan Morgello
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Hyejung Won
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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13
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So K, Pak U, Sun S, Wang Y, Yan H, Zhang Y. Transcriptome profiling revealed salt stress-responsive genes in Lilium pumilum bulbs. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1054064. [PMID: 36438143 PMCID: PMC9698130 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1054064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lilium pumilum is an important ornamental, culinary and medicinal bulbous plants with salt tolerance. However, salt tolerance of lily, particularly the bulb, has been studied relatively little, which brings challenges to the cultivation of lily varieties with high salt tolerance. Here, we performed transcriptome sequencing on the bulb organs of L. pumilum under salt stress treatment, analyzed differential gene expressed levels and then identified several key genes associated with salt stress tolerance at genome-wide scale. For the first time, we revealed the obvious response against salt stress for L. pumilum bulb organs, while distinct from those for root organs. Several key genes obtained through transcriptome analysis and DEG screening include NF-YB3 transcription factor, metallothionein type 2 protein, vicilin like seed storage protein and bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET14. Rather than typical ROS scavengers like superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and glutathione transferase, non-typical ROS scavengers such as the metallothionein type 2 protein, and vicilin like seed storage protein were upregulated in our work. The bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET14 protein and the hormone signaling proteins such as E3-ubiquitin protein ligases, PYL4 and protein phosphatase 2C were also upregulated, suggesting the role of sugars and hormones in the bulb organ responses to salt stress. Co-expression analysis of the DEGs further confirmed that NF-YB3 transcription factor acted as a hub gene, suggesting that salt stress can promote flowering of L. pumilum. Taken together, we identified important candidate genes associated with salt tolerance of the L. pumilum bulb organs, which may provide the excellent basis for further in-depth salt tolerance mechanisms of the lily bulbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyongsok So
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Laboratory for Landscape Architecture, Institute of Architectural Material, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
| | - Unil Pak
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science, Pyongyang University of Science and Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
| | - Shaoying Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Yan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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14
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Maekawa H, Jin Y, Nishio M, Kawai S, Nagata S, Kamakura T, Yoshitomi H, Niwa A, Saito MK, Matsuda S, Toguchida J. Recapitulation of pro-inflammatory signature of monocytes with ACVR1A mutation using FOP patient-derived iPSCs. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:364. [PMID: 36131296 PMCID: PMC9494870 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification (HO) in soft tissues due to a heterozygous mutation of the ACVR1A gene (FOP-ACVR1A), which erroneously transduces the BMP signal by Activin-A. Although inflammation is known to trigger HO in FOP, the role of FOP-ACVR1A on inflammatory cells remains to be elucidated. RESULTS We generated immortalized monocytic cell lines from FOP-iPSCs (FOP-ML) and mutation rescued iPSCs (resFOP-ML). Cell morphology was evaluated during the monocyte induction and after immortalization. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) was performed to evaluate the cell surface markers CD14 and CD16 on MLs. MLs were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or Activin-A and the gene expression was evaluated by quantitative PCR and microarray analysis. Histological analysis was performed for HO tissue obtained from wild type mice and FOP-ACVR1A mice which conditionally express human mutant ACVR1A gene by doxycycline administration. Without any stimulation, FOP-ML showed the pro-inflammatory signature of CD16+ monocytes with an upregulation of INHBA gene, and treatment of resFOP-ML with Activin-A induced an expression profile mimicking that of FOP-ML at baseline. Treatment of FOP-ML with Activin-A further induced the inflammatory profile with an up-regulation of inflammation-associated genes, of which some, but not all, of which were suppressed by corticosteroid. Experiments using an inhibitor for TGFβ or BMP signal demonstrated that Activin-A-induced genes such as CD16 and CCL7, were regulated by both signals, indicating Activin-A transduced dual signals in FOP-ML. A comparison with resFOP-ML identified several down-regulated genes in FOP-ML including LYVE-1, which is known to suppress matrix-formation in vivo. The down-regulation of LYVE-1 in HO tissues was confirmed in FOP model mice, verifying the significance of the in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION These results indicate that FOP-ML faithfully recapitulated the phenotype of primary monocytes of FOP and the combination with resFOP-ML is a useful tool to investigate molecular events at the initial inflammation stage of HO in FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Maekawa
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yonghui Jin
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumi Nishio
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kawai
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sanae Nagata
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kamakura
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshitomi
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Niwa
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumu K Saito
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junya Toguchida
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. .,Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. .,Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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15
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Zhao T, Lv WH, Hogstrand C, Zhang DG, Xu YC, Xu YH, Luo Z. Sirt3-Sod2-mROS-Mediated Manganese Triggered Hepatic Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lipotoxicity in a Freshwater Teleost. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8020-8033. [PMID: 35653605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to excessive manganese (Mn) is toxic to humans and animals. However, the toxic effects and mechanisms of excessive Mn influencing the vertebrates have been highly overlooked. In the present study, dietary Mn overload significantly increased hepatic lipid and Mn contents, decreased superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) activity, increased the Sod2 acetylation level, and induced mitochondrial dysfunction; Mn induced mitochondrial dysfunction through Mtf1/sirtuin 3 (Sirt3)-mediated acetylation of Sod2 at the sites K55 and K70. Meanwhile, mitochondrial oxidative stress was involved in Mn-induced lipotoxicity. Mechanistically, Mn-induced lipotoxicity was via oxidative stress-induced Hsf1 nucleus translocation and its DNA binding capacity to the regions of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (pparg) promoter, which in turn induced the transcription of lipogenic-related target genes. For the first time, our study demonstrated that Mn-induced hepatic lipotoxicity via a mitochondrial oxidative stress-dependent Hsf1/Pparg pathway and Mtf1/sirt3-mediated Sod2 acetylation participated in mitochondrial dysfunction. Considering that lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity are widely used as the biomarkers for environmental assessments of pollutants, our study provided innovative and important insights into Mn toxicological and environmental evaluation in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wu-Hong Lv
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Dian-Guang Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Chuang Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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16
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Sharma A, Yadav D, Rao P, Sinha S, Goswami D, Rawal RM, Shrivastava N. Identification of potential therapeutic targets associated with diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients based on integrated bioinformatics analysis. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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The lncRNA-AK046375 Upregulates Metallothionein-2 by Sequestering miR-491-5p to Relieve the Brain Oxidative Stress Burden after Traumatic Brain Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8188404. [PMID: 35222805 PMCID: PMC8865981 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8188404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We previously discovered that traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces significant perturbations in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) levels in the mouse cerebral cortex, and lncRNA-AK046375 is one of the most significantly changed lncRNAs after TBI. lncRNA-AK046375 overexpression and knockdown models were successfully constructed both in vitro and in vivo. In cultured primary cortical neurons and astrocytes, lncRNA-AK046375 sequestered miR-491-5p, thereby enhancing the expression of metallothionein-2 (MT2), which ameliorated oxidative-induced cell injury. In addition, upregulated lncRNA-AK046375 promoted the recovery of motor, learning, and memory functions after TBI in C57BL/6 mice, and the underlying mechanism may be related to ameliorated apoptosis, inhibited oxidative stress, reduced brain edema, and relieved loss of tight junction proteins at the blood-brain barrier in the mouse brain. Therefore, we conclude that lncRNA-AK046375 enhances MT2 expression by sequestering miR-491-5p, ultimately strengthening antioxidant activity, which ameliorates neurological deficits post-TBI.
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18
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Yiwen W, Xiaohan T, Chunfeng Z, Xiaoyu Y, Yaodong M, Huanhuan Q. Genetics of metallothioneins in Drosophilamelanogaster. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132562. [PMID: 34653491 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are ubiquitous metal-chelating proteins involved in cellular metal homeostasis. MTs were found to be related with almost all the biological processes and their malfunctioning is responsible for a lot of important human diseases. Invertebrate MTs were also used broadly as biomarkers of metal contamination due to their inducible expression by metal exposure. MT system plays a significant role in maintaining human health and ecological stability. Drosophila melanogaster, the vinegar fly, is a perfect model for studying insect MT systems. Six MTs were identified in D. melanogaster, and were designated MtnA to F. All the MTs are considered as Cu-thioneins except for MtnF, which is putatively a Zn-thionein. Expression of all the MTs are regulated by MTF-1/MRE system, thus being able to be induced by heavy metal exposure. The expression pattern and function of separated MTs are partially overlapped and partially distinct. In this work, we made a summary of all the studies on D. melanogaster MTs. From this review, we noted that, compared with studies on mammalian MTs, the understanding of the MT system of D. melanogaster and other invertebrates, especially the regulation mechanism for MT expression and protein-protein interaction with them, is still in a low level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yiwen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Tian Xiaohan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhu Chunfeng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Xiaoyu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Yaodong
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300250, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiao Huanhuan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.
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Tang W, Guo ZD, Chai WN, Du DL, Yang XM, Cao L, Chen H, Zhou C, Cheng CJ, Sun XC, Huang ZJ, Zhong JJ. Downregulation of miR-491-5p promotes neovascularization after traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:577-586. [PMID: 34380897 PMCID: PMC8504397 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.314326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-491-5p (miR-491-5p) plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and migration; however, the effect of miR-491-5p on neovascularization after traumatic brain injury remains poorly understood. In this study, a controlled cortical injury model in C57BL/6 mice and an oxygen-glucose deprivation model in microvascular endothelial cells derived from mouse brain were established to simulate traumatic brain injury in vivo and in vitro, respectively. In the in vivo model, quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expression of miR-491-5p increased or decreased following the intracerebroventricular injection of an miR-491-5p agomir or antagomir, respectively, and the expression of miR-491-5p decreased slightly after traumatic brain injury. To detect the neuroprotective effects of miR-491-p, neurological severity scores, Morris water maze test, laser speckle techniques, and immunofluorescence staining were assessed, and the results revealed that miR-491-5p downregulation alleviated neurological dysfunction, promoted the recovery of regional cerebral blood flow, increased the number of lectin-stained microvessels, and increased the survival of neurons after traumatic brain injury. During the in vitro experiments, the potential mechanism of miR-491-5p on neovascularization was explored through quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction, which showed that miR-491-5p expression increased or decreased in brain microvascular endothelial cells after transfection with an miR-491-5p mimic or inhibitor, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter and western blot assays verified that metallothionein-2 was a target gene for miR-491-5p. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, and 2?,7?-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay results confirmed that the downregulation of miR-491-5p increased brain microvascular endothelial cell viability, reduced cell apoptosis, and alleviated oxidative stress under oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions. Cell scratch assay, Transwell assay, tube formation assay, and western blot assay results demonstrated that miR-491-5p downregulation promoted the migration, proliferation, and tube formation of brain microvascular endothelial cells through a metallothionein-2-dependent hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. These findings confirmed that miR-491-5p downregulation promotes neovascularization, restores cerebral blood flow, and improves the recovery of neurological function after traumatic brain injury. The mechanism may be mediated through a metallothionein-2-dependent hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway and the alleviation of oxidative stress. All procedures were approved by Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (approval No. 2020-304) on June 22, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zong-Duo Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Na Chai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Lin Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lang Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong-Jie Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Abstract
The functions, purposes, and roles of metallothioneins have been the subject of speculations since the discovery of the protein over 60 years ago. This article guides through the history of investigations and resolves multiple contentions by providing new interpretations of the structure-stability-function relationship. It challenges the dogma that the biologically relevant structure of the mammalian proteins is only the one determined by X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy. The terms metallothionein and thionein are ambiguous and insufficient to understand biological function. The proteins need to be seen in their biological context, which limits and defines the chemistry possible. They exist in multiple forms with different degrees of metalation and types of metal ions. The homoleptic thiolate coordination of mammalian metallothioneins is important for their molecular mechanism. It endows the proteins with redox activity and a specific pH dependence of their metal affinities. The proteins, therefore, also exist in different redox states of the sulfur donor ligands. Their coordination dynamics allows a vast conformational landscape for interactions with other proteins and ligands. Many fundamental signal transduction pathways regulate the expression of the dozen of human metallothionein genes. Recent advances in understanding the control of cellular zinc and copper homeostasis are the foundation for suggesting that mammalian metallothioneins provide a highly dynamic, regulated, and uniquely biological metal buffer to control the availability, fluctuations, and signaling transients of the most competitive Zn(II) and Cu(I) ions in cellular space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Krężel
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, U.K
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21
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Talukder M, Bi SS, Jin HT, Ge J, Zhang C, Lv MW, Li JL. Cadmium induced cerebral toxicity via modulating MTF1-MTs regulatory axis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117083. [PMID: 33965856 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF1) participates in redox homeostasis and heavy metals detoxification via regulating the expression of metal responsive genes. However, the exact role of MTF1 in Cd-induced cerebral toxicity remains unclear. Herein, we explored the mechanism of Cd-elicited cerebral toxicity through modulating MTF1/MTs pathway in chicken cerebrum exposed to different concentrations of Cd (35 mg, 70 mg, and 140 mg/kg CdCl2) via diet. Notably, cerebral tissues showed varying degrees of microstructural changes under Cd exposure. Cd exposure significantly up-regulated the expression of metal transporters (DMT1, ZIP8, and ZIP10) with concomitant elevated Cd level, as determined by ICP-MS. Cd significantly altered other cerebral biometals concentrations (particularly, Zn, Fe, Se, Cr, Mo, and Pb) and redox balance, resulting in increased cerebral oxidative stress. More importantly, Cd exposure suppressed MTF1 mRNA and nuclear protein levels and its target metal-responsive genes, notably metallothioneins (MT1 and MT2), and Fe and Cu transporter genes (FPN1, ATOX1, and XIAP). Moreover, Cd disrupted the regulation of expression of selenoproteome (particularly, GPxs and SelW), and cerebral Se level. Overall, our data revealed that molecular mechanisms associated with Cd-induced cerebral damage might include over-expression of DMT1, ZIP8 and ZIP10, and suppression of MTF1 and its main target metal-responsive genes as well as several selenoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Shao-Shuai Bi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hai-Tao Jin
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Jing Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mei-Wei Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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22
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Lu YJ, Wu YJ, Chen LJ, Ko BS, Chang TC, Wu YJ, Liang SM, Jan YJ, Liou JY. Reduced Expression of Metallothionein-I/II in Renal Proximal Tubules Is Associated with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13080568. [PMID: 34437439 PMCID: PMC8402552 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a commonly occurring complex renal syndrome that causes overall mortality in many diseases. The clinical manifestations of CKD include renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and loss of renal function. Metallothionein-I/II (MT-I/II) is potentially expressed in the liver and kidney, and possesses antioxidant and metal detoxification properties. However, whether MT-I/II expression is associated with the prognosis of nephropathy remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the MT-I/II level in human CKD, using immunohistochemistry. MT-I/II is located on the proximal tubules and is notably reduced in patients with CKD. MT-I/II expression was significantly correlated with the functional and histological grades of CKD. In an aristolochic acid (AAI)-induced nephropathy mouse model, MT-I/II was abundantly increased after AAI injection for 7 days, but decreased subsequently compared to that induced in the acute phase when injected with AAI for 28 days. Furthermore, we found that ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) restored AAI-induced MT-I/II reduction in HK2 cells. The injection of PDTC ameliorated AAI-induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and reduced the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in mouse sera. Taken together, our results indicate that MT-I/II reduction is associated with advanced CKD, and the retention of renal MT-I/II is a potential therapeutic strategy for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jhu Lu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Ya-Ju Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 736, Taiwan;
| | - Lu-Jen Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (L.C.-J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Department of Hematological Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Chang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Yi-Ju Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (L.C.-J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-37-246166 (ext. 38309)
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23
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Gunn AP, McLean CA, Crouch PJ, Roberts BR. Quantification of metallothionein-III in brain tissues using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2021; 630:114326. [PMID: 34358515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are crucial for metal ion homeostasis in mammalian cells. Specialized mass spectrometry methods have been developed to detect MTs in tissue extracts, though facile methods with scalable throughput are lacking. To improve analytical throughput and repeatability, we developed a standardised liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for robust determination of metallothionein-3 (MT3) that is amenable to microplate processing. This method uses standard protein digestion conditions with commercially available reagents and commonly practiced reversed-phase chromatography, detecting MT3 at low ng/mL levels in human brain tissue extracts. We found that trypsin digestion largely underestimated MT3 levels, whereas endopeptidase Lys-C yielded vastly higher signals with low replicate variance. The choice of target peptide was critical for accurate MT3 detection - a peptide in the α-domain yielded the most robust signals. We demonstrate the utility of this method by comparing the expression of MT3 in post-mortem brain tissues of a cohort of Alzheimer's disease (AD) individuals and age-matched controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Gunn
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Catriona A McLean
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Peter J Crouch
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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24
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Wandt VK, Winkelbeiner N, Lossow K, Kopp JF, Schwarz M, Alker W, Nicolai MM, Simon L, Dietzel C, Hertel B, Pohl G, Ebert F, Schomburg L, Bornhorst J, Haase H, Kipp AP, Schwerdtle T. Ageing-associated effects of a long-term dietary modulation of four trace elements in mice. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102083. [PMID: 34371368 PMCID: PMC8358688 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements (TEs) are essential for diverse processes maintaining body function and health status. The complex regulation of the TE homeostasis depends among others on age, sex, and nutritional status. If the TE homeostasis is disturbed, negative health consequences can result, e.g., caused by impaired redox homeostasis and genome stability maintenance. Based on age-related shifts in TEs which have been described in mice well-supplied with TEs, we aimed to understand effects of a long-term feeding with adequate or suboptimal amounts of four TEs in parallel. As an additional intervention, we studied mice which received an age-adapted diet with higher concentrations of selenium and zinc to counteract the age-related decline of both TEs. We conducted comprehensive analysis of diverse endpoints indicative for the TE and redox status, complemented by analysis of DNA (hydroxy)methylation and markers denoting genomic stability maintenance. TE concentrations showed age-specific alterations which were relatively stable and independent of their nutritional supply. In addition, hepatic DNA hydroxymethylation was significantly increased in the elderly mice and markers indicative for the redox status were modulated. The reduced nutritional supply with TEs inconsistently affected their status, with most severe effects regarding Fe deficiency. This may have contributed to the sex-specific differences observed in the alterations related to the redox status and DNA repair activity. Overall, our results highlight the complexity of factors impacting on the TE status and its physiological consequences. Alterations in TE supply, age, and sex proved to be important determinants that need to be taken into account when considering TE interventions for improving general health and supporting convalescence in the clinics. Trace element profiles differ by age and sex under moderately modulated TE supply. Maintenance of age-related trace element shifts through all feeding groups. Cu/Zn ratio and DNA hydroxymethylation emerge as appropriate murine ageing markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria K Wandt
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Nicola Winkelbeiner
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Kristina Lossow
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 24, 07743, Jena, Germany; German Institute of Human Nutrition, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Johannes F Kopp
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Maria Schwarz
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 24, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Wiebke Alker
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Chair of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Merle M Nicolai
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Luise Simon
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Caroline Dietzel
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Barbara Hertel
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Pohl
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Franziska Ebert
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Hajo Haase
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Chair of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anna P Kipp
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 24, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany; German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Kuchovská E, Gonzalez P, Bláhová L, Barré M, Gouffier C, Cachot J, Roméro-Ramirez A, Bláha L, Morin B. Pesticide mixture toxicity assessment through in situ and laboratory approaches using embryo-larval stages of the pacific oyster (Magallana gigas). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 169:105390. [PMID: 34174543 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Worsened state of oysters in French Arcachon Bay, demand an investigation of possible causes. This study evaluated the effects of an environmentally relevant mixture of five common pesticides on the early-life stages of the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas). Laboratory assays with artificial mixture and in situ transplantation were complementarily used to investigate a series of sublethal endpoints. The laboratory exposure revealed developmental toxicity at 0.32 μg/L, which corresponds to mixture concentrations in Arcachon Bay. Downregulation of some gene transcriptions was observed at environmental level. No difference in larvae development was revealed among the three sites in Arcachon Bay. This study was the first to evaluate locomotion of oyster larvae exposed in situ. Suspected poor water quality in the inner part of Arcachon Bay was reflected by impairment at the molecular level. In conclusion, current concentrations of the tested pesticides in Arcachon Bay hinder larval development and affect several biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Kuchovská
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Lucie Bláhová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mathilde Barré
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | | | - Jérôme Cachot
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | | | - Luděk Bláha
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bénédicte Morin
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France.
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26
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Jia R, Song Z, Lin J, Li Z, Shan G, Huang C. Gawky modulates MTF-1-mediated transcription activation and metal discrimination. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:6296-6314. [PMID: 34107019 PMCID: PMC8216474 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-induced genes are usually transcribed at relatively low levels under normal conditions and are rapidly activated by heavy metal stress. Many of these genes respond preferentially to specific metal-stressed conditions. However, the mechanism by which the general transcription machinery discriminates metal stress from normal conditions and the regulation of MTF-1-meditated metal discrimination are poorly characterized. Using a focused RNAi screening in Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells, we identified a novel activator, the Drosophila gawky, of metal-responsive genes. Depletion of gawky has almost no effect on the basal transcription of the metallothionein (MT) genes, but impairs the metal-induced transcription by inducing the dissociation of MTF-1 from the MT promoters and the deficient nuclear import of MTF-1 under metal-stressed conditions. This suggests that gawky serves as a 'checkpoint' for metal stress and metal-induced transcription. In fact, regular mRNAs are converted into gawky-controlled transcripts if expressed under the control of a metal-responsive promoter, suggesting that whether transcription undergoes gawky-mediated regulation is encrypted therein. Additionally, lack of gawky eliminates the DNA binding bias of MTF-1 and the transcription preference of metal-specific genes. This suggests a combinatorial control of metal discrimination by gawky, MTF-1, and MTF-1 binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhenxing Song
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jiamei Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ge Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Chuan Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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27
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Zhang R, Huang M, Wang H, Wu S, Yao J, Ge Y, Lu Y, Hu Q. Identification of Potential Biomarkers From Hepatocellular Carcinoma With MT1 Deletion. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:597527. [PMID: 34257549 PMCID: PMC8262205 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.597527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Metallothioneins (MTs) are metal-binding proteins involved in multiple biological processes such as metal homeostasis and detoxification, as well as in oncogenesis. Copy number variation (CNV) plays a vital role in pathogenesis and carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, there is no study on the role of MT1 CNV in HCC. Methods: Array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) analysis was performed to obtain the CNV data of 79 Guangxi HCC patients. The prognostic effect of MT1-deletion was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened based on The Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) and the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-LIHC). Then function and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and hub gene selection were applied on the DEGs. Lastly, the hub genes were validated by immunohistochemistry, tissue expression and prognostic analysis. Results: The MT1-deletion was demonstrated to affect the prognosis of HCC and can act as an independent prognostic factor. 147 common DEGs were screened. The most significant cluster of DEGs identified by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) indicated that the expression of four MT1s were down-regulated. MT1X and other five hub genes (TTK, BUB1, CYP3A4, NR1I2, CYP8B1) were associated with the prognosis of HCC. TTK, could affect the prognosis of HCC with MT1-deletion and non-deletion. NR1I2, CYP8B1, and BUB1 were associated with the prognosis of HCC with MT1-deletion. Conclusions: In the current study, we demonstrated that MT1-deletion can be an independent prognostic factor in HCC. We identified TTK, BUB1, NR1I2, CYP8B1 by processing microarray data, for the first time revealed the underlying function of MT1 deletion in HCC, MT1-deletion may influence the gene expression in HCC, which may be the potential biomarkers for HCC with MT1 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Radiology Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shengming Wu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiali Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingying Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yufei Lu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiping Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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28
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Portelli SS, Hambly BD, Jeremy RW, Robertson EN. Oxidative stress in genetically triggered thoracic aortic aneurysm: role in pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities. Redox Rep 2021; 26:45-52. [PMID: 33715602 PMCID: PMC7971305 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1899473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The primary objective of this review was to explore the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of genetically-triggered thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Genetically-triggered TAAs manifest substantial variability in onset, progression, and risk of aortic dissection, posing a significant clinical management challenge. There is a need for non-invasive biomarkers that predict the natural course of TAA and therapeutics that prevent aneurysm progression. Methods: An online systematic search was conducted within PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases using keywords including: oxidative stress, ROS, nitrosative stress, genetically triggered thoracic aortic aneurysm, aortic dilatation, aortic dissection, Marfan syndrome, Bicuspid Aortic Valve, familial TAAD, Loeys Dietz syndrome, and Ehlers Danlos syndrome. Results: There is extensive evidence of oxidative stress and ROS imbalance in genetically triggered TAA. Sources of ROS imbalance are variable but include dysregulation of redox mediators leading to either insufficient ROS removal or increased ROS production. Therapeutic exploitation of redox mediators is being explored in other cardiovascular conditions, with potential application to TAA warranting further investigation. Conclusion: Oxidative stress occurs in genetically triggered TAA, but the precise contribution of ROS to pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Further research is required to define causative pathological relationships in order to develop therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie S Portelli
- Discipline of Pathology and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brett D Hambly
- Discipline of Pathology and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richmond W Jeremy
- Cardiology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elizabeth N Robertson
- Discipline of Pathology and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Cardiology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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29
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Emerging Roles of Metallothioneins in Beta Cell Pathophysiology: Beyond and Above Metal Homeostasis and Antioxidant Response. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030176. [PMID: 33652748 PMCID: PMC7996892 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Defective insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells is key for the development of type 2 diabetes but the precise mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Metallothioneins are metal binding proteins whose precise biological roles have not been fully characterized. Available evidence indicated that Metallothioneins are protective cellular effectors involved in heavy metal detoxification, metal ion homeostasis and antioxidant defense. This concept has however been challenged by emerging evidence in different medical research fields revealing novel negative roles of Metallothioneins, including in the context of diabetes. In this review, we gather and analyze the available knowledge regarding the complex roles of Metallothioneins in pancreatic beta cell biology and insulin secretion. We comprehensively analyze the evidence showing positive effects of Metallothioneins on beta cell function and survival as well as the emerging evidence revealing negative effects and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms. We expose in parallel findings from other medical research fields and underscore unsettled questions. Then, we propose some future research directions to improve knowledge in the field. Abstract Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins whose precise biological roles have not been fully characterized. Existing evidence implicated MTs in heavy metal detoxification, metal ion homeostasis and antioxidant defense. MTs were thus categorized as protective effectors that contribute to cellular homeostasis and survival. This view has, however, been challenged by emerging evidence in different medical fields revealing novel pathophysiological roles of MTs, including inflammatory bowel disease, neurodegenerative disorders, carcinogenesis and diabetes. In the present focused review, we discuss the evidence for the role of MTs in pancreatic beta-cell biology and insulin secretion. We highlight the pattern of specific isoforms of MT gene expression in rodents and human beta-cells. We then discuss the mechanisms involved in the regulation of MTs in islets under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly type 2 diabetes, and analyze the evidence revealing adaptive and negative roles of MTs in beta-cells and the potential mechanisms involved. Finally, we underscore the unsettled questions in the field and propose some future research directions.
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30
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Belinky F, Ganguly I, Poliakov E, Yurchenko V, Rogozin IB. Analysis of Stop Codons within Prokaryotic Protein-Coding Genes Suggests Frequent Readthrough Events. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041876. [PMID: 33672790 PMCID: PMC7918605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsense mutations turn a coding (sense) codon into an in-frame stop codon that is assumed to result in a truncated protein product. Thus, nonsense substitutions are the hallmark of pseudogenes and are used to identify them. Here we show that in-frame stop codons within bacterial protein-coding genes are widespread. Their evolutionary conservation suggests that many of them are not pseudogenes, since they maintain dN/dS values (ratios of substitution rates at non-synonymous and synonymous sites) significantly lower than 1 (this is a signature of purifying selection in protein-coding regions). We also found that double substitutions in codons—where an intermediate step is a nonsense substitution—show a higher rate of evolution compared to null models, indicating that a stop codon was introduced and then changed back to sense via positive selection. This further supports the notion that nonsense substitutions in bacteria are relatively common and do not necessarily cause pseudogenization. In-frame stop codons may be an important mechanism of regulation: Such codons are likely to cause a substantial decrease of protein expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Belinky
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA; (F.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Ishan Ganguly
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA; (F.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Eugenia Poliakov
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Vyacheslav Yurchenko
- Life Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.Y.); (I.B.R.)
| | - Igor B. Rogozin
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA; (F.B.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence: (V.Y.); (I.B.R.)
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31
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Zarghami Dehaghani M, Bagheri B, Nasiriasayesh A, Mashhadzadeh AH, Zarrintaj P, Rabiee N, Bagherzadeh M, Habibzadeh S, Abida O, Saeb MR, Jang HW, Shokouhimehr M. Insight into the Self-Insertion of a Protein Inside the Boron Nitride Nanotube. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32051-32058. [PMID: 33344859 PMCID: PMC7745416 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanotubes have been considered as promising candidates for protein delivery purposes due to distinct features such as their large enough volume of cavity to encapsulate the protein, providing the sustain and target release. Moreover, possessing the properties of suitable cell viabilities, and biocompatibility on the wide range of cell lines as a result of structural stability, chemical inertness, and noncovalent wrapping ability, boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) have caught further attention as protein nanocarriers. However, to assess the encapsulation process of the protein into the BNNT, it is vital to comprehend the protein-BNNT interaction. In the present work, the self-insertion process of the protein SmtA, metallothionein, into the BNNT has been verified by means of the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation under NPT ensemble. It was revealed that the protein was self-inserted into the BNNT through the protein-BNNT van der Waals (vdW) interaction, which descended and reached the average value of -189.63 kcal·mol-1 at 15 ns of the simulation time. The potential mean force (PMF) profile of the encapsulated protein with increasing trend, which was obtained via the pulling process unraveled that the encapsulation of the protein into the BNNT cavity proceeded spontaneously and the self-inserted protein had reasonable stability. Moreover, due to the strong hydrogen interactions between the nitrogen atoms of BNNT and hydrogen atoms of SmtA, there was no evidence of an energy barrier in the vicinity of the BNNT entrance, which resulted in the rapid adsorption of this protein into the BNNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zarghami Dehaghani
- School
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Bagheri
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Amin Hamed Mashhadzadeh
- Center
of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of
Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State
University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United
States
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department
of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sajjad Habibzadeh
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University
of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Otman Abida
- College
of Engineering and Technology, American
University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Center
of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of
Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced
Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammadreza Shokouhimehr
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced
Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kikuoka R, Miyazaki I, Kubota N, Maeda M, Kagawa D, Moriyama M, Sato A, Murakami S, Kitamura Y, Sendo T, Asanuma M. Mirtazapine exerts astrocyte-mediated dopaminergic neuroprotection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20698. [PMID: 33244123 PMCID: PMC7693322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mirtazapine, a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA), is known to activate serotonin (5-HT) 1A receptor. Our recent study demonstrated that stimulation of astrocytic 5-HT1A receptors promoted astrocyte proliferation and upregulated antioxidative property in astrocytes to protect dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress. Here, we evaluated the neuroprotective effects of mirtazapine against dopaminergic neurodegeneration in models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mirtazapine administration attenuated the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and increased the expression of the antioxidative molecule metallothionein (MT) in the striatal astrocytes of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-injected parkinsonian mice via 5-HT1A receptors. Mirtazapine protected dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity in mesencephalic neuron and striatal astrocyte cocultures, but not in enriched neuronal cultures. Mirtazapine-treated neuron-conditioned medium (Mir-NCM) induced astrocyte proliferation and upregulated MT expression via 5-HT1A receptors on astrocytes. Furthermore, treatment with medium from Mir-NCM-treated astrocytes protected dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA neurotoxicity, and these effects were attenuated by treatment with a MT-1/2-specific antibody or 5-HT1A antagonist. Our study suggests that mirtazapine could be an effective disease-modifying drug for PD and highlights that astrocytic 5-HT1A receptors may be a novel target for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kikuoka
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ikuko Miyazaki
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kubota
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Megumi Maeda
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Daiki Kagawa
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masaaki Moriyama
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Asuka Sato
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinki Murakami
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kitamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sendo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masato Asanuma
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Chen GH, Lv W, Xu YH, Wei XL, Xu YC, Luo Z. Functional analysis of MTF-1 and MT promoters and their transcriptional response to zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125792. [PMID: 31918101 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-responsive transcription factor-1 (MTF-1) and metallothionein (MT) expression are involved in metal homeostasis and detoxification. Here, we characterized the structure and functions of mtf-1 and mt promoters in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Many important binding sites of transcriptional factors, such as heat shock promoter element (HSE) and metal responsive element (MRE), were predicted on their promoter regions. Cu did not significantly influence the activity of mtf-1 promoter, but Zn increased its promoter activity. Cu and Zn induced the increase of mt promoter activity. HSE site of mtf-1 promoter was the functional binding locus responsible for Zn-induced mtf-1 transcriptional activation. Zn and Cu induced transcriptional activation of mt gene through the MTF-1- and MRE-dependent pathway. Using primary hepatocytes of yellow catfish, we found that Cu and Zn induced the mt expression; Cu did not significantly influence the mRNA and total protein levels of MTF-1, but Zn up-regulated its mRNA and total protein expression. Both Zn and Cu treatment also up-regulated MTF-1 nuclear protein expression, which in turn increased the mt expression. Taken together, these findings delineated the transcriptional regulation of MT and MTF-1 under Zn or Cu treatments, and provided some mechanisms for the regulation of Cu and Zn homeostasis in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wuhong Lv
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Chuang Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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34
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Drechsel V, Fiechtner B, Höckner M. Promoter activity of earthworm metallothionein in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6371-6379. [PMID: 31571111 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of metallothionein (MT) gene expression as important part of the detoxification machinery is only scarcely known in invertebrates. In vertebrates, MT gene activation is mediated by the metal-transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) binding to metal response elements (MREs). In invertebrates, the mechanisms of MT gene activation seems to be more diverse. In some invertebrate species, MTF-1 orthologues as well as their ability to activate MT genes via MREs have been uncovered. Although earthworm MTs have been well studied, a MTF-1 orthologue has not yet been described and MT gene activation mechanisms are largely unknown. Analyses of the earthworm wMT2 promoter by reporter gene assays have been performed. We could show that the wMT2 promoter was active in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH/3T3) as well as in mouse MTF-1-/-cells (DKO7). The presence of mouse MTF-1 (mMTF1) led to a significant increase in reporter gene activity. We observed that cadmium as well as zinc had an effect on promoter activity. In the presence of zinc, promoter activity doubled in NIH cells, however, we did not observe a significant effect in the DKO7 cell line. Cadmium decreased promoter activity in DKO7 cells, but this effect could be reversed by providing mMTF1 in a co-transfection experiment. We suggest that MT gene expression in the earthworm is not entirely dependent on a MRE binding protein. Interestingly, the shortest promoter fragment including MRE1 showed the highest promoter activity under control conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Drechsel
- Institute of Zoology, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Fiechtner
- Institute of Zoology, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martina Höckner
- Institute of Zoology, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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35
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Yu H, Ye F, Yuan F, Cai L, Ji H, Keller BB. Neonatal Murine Engineered Cardiac Tissue Toxicology Model: Impact of Metallothionein Overexpression on Cadmium-Induced Injury. Toxicol Sci 2019; 165:499-511. [PMID: 29982767 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs) serve as robust in vitro models to study human cardiac diseases including cardiac toxicity assays due to rapid structural and functional maturation and the ability to vary ECT composition. Metallothionein (MT) has been shown to be cardioprotective for environmental toxicants including heavy metals. To date, studies on the role of cardiomyocyte (CM)-specific MT expression and function have occurred in dissociated single cell assays or expensive in vivo small animal models. Therefore, we generated 3D ECTs using neonatal mouse ventricular cells from wild-type (WT) and the CM-specific overexpressing MT-transgenic (MT-TG) to determine the effect of MT overexpression on ECT maturation and function. Because Cadmium (Cd) is an environmentally prevalent heavy metal toxicant with direct negative impact on cardiac structure and function, we then determined the effect of MT overexpression to reduce Cd mediated CM toxicity within ECTs. We found: (1) structural and functional maturation was similar in WT and MT-TG ECTs; (2) Cd exposure negatively impacted ECT cell survival, maturation, and function; and (3) MT-ECTs showed reduced Cd toxicity as defined by reduced cleaved caspase 3, reduced Bax/Bcl2 ratio, reduced TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling positive cells, reduced CM loss after Cd treatment, and delayed onset of cardiac dysfunction after Cd treatment. Thus, neonatal murine ECTs can serve as a robust in vitro model for heavy metal toxicity screening and as a platform to evaluate the role cardioprotective mechanisms, such as the MT-TG model, on environmentally relevant toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yu
- The Center of Cardiovascular Disorders, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.,The Pediatric Research Institute, The Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292
| | - Fei Ye
- The Center of Cardiovascular Disorders, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.,Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Fangping Yuan
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Lu Cai
- The Pediatric Research Institute, The Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Honglei Ji
- The Center of Cardiovascular Disorders, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
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36
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Hung KC, Huang TC, Cheng CH, Cheng YW, Lin DY, Fan JJ, Lee KH. The Expression Profile and Prognostic Significance of Metallothionein Genes in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163849. [PMID: 31394742 PMCID: PMC6721156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease resulting from the combined influence of many genetic factors. This complexity has caused the molecular characterization of CRC to remain uncharacterized, with a lack of clear gene markers associated with CRC and the prognosis of this disease. Thus, highly sensitive tumor markers for the detection of CRC are the most essential determinants of survival. In this study, we examined the simultaneous downregulation of the mRNA levels of six metallothionein (MT) genes in CRC cell lines and public CRC datasets for the first time. In addition, we detected downregulation of these six MT mRNAs’ levels in 30 pairs of tumor (T) and adjacent non-tumor (N) CRC specimens. In order to understand the potential prognostic relevance of these six MT genes and CRC, we presented a four-gene signature to evaluate the prognosis of CRC patients. Further discovery suggested that the four-gene signature (MT1F, MT1G, MT1L, and MT1X) predicted survival better than any combination of two-, three-, four-, five-, or six-gene models. In conclusion, this study is the first to report that simultaneous downregulation of six MT mRNAs’ levels in CRC patients, and their aberrant expression together, accurately predicted CRC patients’ outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chen Hung
- Division of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80249, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Translational Cancer Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of R&D, Calgent Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Taipei 10675, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Yen Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 003107, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Jia Fan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11561, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan.
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Carassius auratus as a novel model for the hyperglycemia study. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj91.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Pemp D, Esch HL, Hauptstein R, Möller FJ, Zierau O, Bosland MC, Geppert LN, Kleider C, Schlereth K, Vollmer G, Lehmann L. Novel insight in estrogen homeostasis and bioactivity in the ACI rat model of estrogen-induced mammary gland carcinogenesis. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1979-1992. [PMID: 31119341 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02483-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite being widely used to investigate 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced mammary gland (MG) carcinogenesis and prevention thereof, estrogen homeostasis and its significance in the female August Copenhagen Irish (ACI) rat model is unknown. Thus, levels of 12 estrogens including metabolites and conjugates were determined mass spectrometrically in 38 plasmas and 52 tissues exhibiting phenotypes ranging from normal to palpable tumor derived from a representative ACI study using two different diets. In tissues, 40 transcripts encoding proteins involved in estrogen (biotrans)formation, ESR1-mediated signaling, proliferation and oxidative stress were analyzed (TaqMan PCR). Influence of histo(patho)logic phenotypes and diet on estrogen and transcript levels was analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and explanatory variables influencing levels and bioactivity of estrogens in tissues were identified by multiple linear regression models. Estrogen profiles in tissue and plasma and the influence of Hsd17b1 levels on intra-tissue levels of E2 and E1 conclusively indicated intra-mammary formation of E2 in ACI tumors by HSD17B1-mediated conversion of E1. Proliferation in ACI tumors was influenced by Egfr, Igf1r, Hgf and Met levels. 2-MeO-E1, the only oxidative estrogen metabolite detected above 28-42 fmol/g, was predominately observed in hyperplastic tissues and intra-tissue conversion of E1 seemed to contribute to its levels. The association of the occurrence of 2-MeO-E1 with higher levels of oxidative stress observed in hyperplastic and tumor tissues remained equivocal. Thus, the present study provides mechanistic explanation for previous and future results observed in the ACI model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pemp
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Harald L Esch
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - René Hauptstein
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank J Möller
- Chair of Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Zierau
- Chair of Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maarten C Bosland
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Leo N Geppert
- Chair of Mathematical Statistics with Applications in Biometrics, TU Dortmund University, Vogelpothsweg 87, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carolin Kleider
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schlereth
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Günter Vollmer
- Chair of Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leane Lehmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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Health status of the lizard Podarcis siculus (Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810) subject to different anthropogenic pressures. C R Biol 2019; 342:81-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Zeng L, Ai C, Zhang J, Zheng J. Essential element Cu and non-essential element Hg exposures have different toxicological effects in the liver of large yellow croaker. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 139:6-13. [PMID: 30686450 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to compare the different effects of essential element Cu and non-essential element Hg on antioxidant and inflammatory responses in the liver of large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea. Fish were exposed to Cu stresses (72 and 288 μg L-1) and Hg stresses (14 and 56 μg L-1) for 96 h. High-dose Cu increased metallothioneins (MTs) levels and immune defenses in response to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), but low-dose Cu had no effect on ROS. High-dose Hg reduced antioxidant and inflammatory responses, which contributed to the increment of ROS. MTs may be a suitable biomarker to assess Cu contamination, but no relationship was observed between MTs levels and Hg content. Furthermore, NFE2-related nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) were positively related to their respective target genes in the Cu-exposed groups. In conclusion, Cu and Hg induced some differences in antioxidant and inflammatory responses, which providing some novel insights into toxicological effects of Cu and Hg stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Chunxiang Ai
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Jianshe Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jialang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
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Wang L, Xin F, Lin N, Wang Y, Liu X, Liu J. Metallothioneins may be a potential prognostic biomarker for tumors: A Prisma-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13786. [PMID: 30593161 PMCID: PMC6314702 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metallothioneins (MTs) were reported to be associated with many kinds of tumors' prognosis, although MTs expression varied greatly among tumors. To assess the prognostic value of Metallothioneins (MTs) in different kinds of tumors, comprehensive literature search was conducted to perform a meta-analysis. METHODS Eligible studies were identified by PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science (WOS), the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG database and SinoMed database up to December 2017, which was designed to assess the prognostic value of MTs in different kinds of tumors. The main endpoint events were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Hazard ratios (HRs) and its variance were retrieved from the original studies directly or calculated using Engauge Digitizer version 4.1. Random or fixed effects model meta-analysis was employed depending on the heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plots, Begg and Egger tests. RESULTS A total of 22 studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis, including 2843 tumor tissues (1517 were MTs negative/low, and 1326 were MTs high). Results showed that there was significant association between MTs expression and tumors' OS (HR = 1.60; 95%CI 1.34∼1.92, P < .00001). Subgroup analysis showed that high level of MTs expression was associated with prolonged OS in liver cancer (HR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.48∼0.89, P = .007), but it was on the contrary in the tumor of ovary (HR = 1.47, 95%CI 1.01∼2.14, P = .04), bladder (HR = 1.71, 95%CI 1.21∼2.42, P = .002), intestine (HR = 3.13, 95%CI 1.97∼4.97, P < .00001), kidney (HR = 3.31, 95%CI 1.61∼6.79, P = .001). However, there was no significant association between MTs expression and OS in breast (HR = 1.02, 95%CI 0.69∼1.51, P = .93). CONCLUSIONS MTs could be taken as a potential prognostic biomarker for tumors, and uniqueness of MTs prognostic value in liver cancer deserved further study.
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42
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Furuta Y, Liu J, Himemiya-Hakucho A, Yoshimura K, Fujimiya T. Alcohol Consumption in Combination with an Atherogenic Diet Increased Indices of Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E/Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Double-Knockout Mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 43:227-242. [PMID: 30428137 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol abuse and adherence to atherogenic diet (AD; a low-carbohydrate-high-protein diet) have been positively associated with cardiovascular disease. In addition, it has been demonstrated clinically that dietary intake is increased on days when alcohol is consumed. Here, the additive effects of ethanol (EtOH) and AD on atherosclerosis, a major underlying cause of cardiovascular disease, were investigated in apolipoprotein E/low-density lipoprotein receptor double-knockout (KO) mice. The mechanisms, especially aortic oxidative stress damage, were highlighted. METHODS Twelve-week-old male KO mice on AD with or without EtOH treatment were bred for 4 months. Age-matched male C57BL/6J mice on a standard chow diet without EtOH treatment served as controls. Analyses were conducted using ultrasound biomicroscopy, histopathological and fluorescence immunohistochemical examinations, Western blots, and polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS KO mice on AD with EtOH treatment showed increases in aortic maximum intima media thickness, hypoechoic plaque formation, and mean Oil-Red-O content. These results were associated with enhanced ratio of aortic 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)-immunopositive area to the metallothionein (MT) immunopositive area and suppression of AD-induced up-regulated aortic Mt1, Mt2, and upstream stimulatory factor 1 mRNA expressions. Moreover, 8-OHdG was expressed in the nuclei of CD31- and alpha smooth muscle actin-immunopositive cells, and the up-regulated mRNA expressions of aortic nitric oxide synthase 3 and platelet-derived growth factors were only observed in the KO mice on AD with EtOH treatment. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol abuse and adherence to AD may promote the shift of aortic oxidative stress and antioxidative stress balance toward oxidative stress predominance and reduced antioxidative stress, which may be partly due to the decrease in MT at the cell biological level and down-regulation of Mt at the gene level, which in turn could play a role in the up-regulation of endothelial dysfunction-related and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation-related gene expression and the progression of atherosclerosis in mice with hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Furuta
- Advanced Medical Research Academic-Course , Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Department of Legal Medicine , Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ayako Himemiya-Hakucho
- Department of Legal Medicine , Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshimura
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science , Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Fujimiya
- Department of Legal Medicine , Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
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de Francisco P, Amaro F, Martín-González A, Gutiérrez JC. AP-1 (bZIP) Transcription Factors as Potential Regulators of Metallothionein Gene Expression in Tetrahymena thermophila. Front Genet 2018; 9:459. [PMID: 30405686 PMCID: PMC6205968 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MT) are multi-stress proteins mainly involved in metal detoxification. MT gene expression is normally induced by a broad variety of stimulus and its gene expression regulation mainly occurs at a transcriptional level. Conserved motifs in the Tetrahymena thermophila MT promoters have been described. These motifs show a consensus sequence very similar to AP-1 sites, and bZIP type transcription factors might participate in the MT gene expression regulation. In this research work, we characterize four AP-1 transcription factors in each of four different analyzed Tetrahymena species, detecting a high conservation among them. Each AP-1 molecule has its counterpart in the other three Tetrahymena species. A comparative qRT-PCR analysis of these AP-1 genes have been carried out in different T. thermophila strains (including metal-adapted, knockout and/or knockdown strains among others), and under different metal-stress conditions (1 or 24 h Cd2+, Cu2+, or Pb2+ treatments). The possible interaction of these transcription factors with the conserved AP-1 motifs present in MT promoters has been corroborated by protein-DNA interaction experiments. Certain connection between the expression patterns of the bZIP and MT genes seems to exist. For the first time, and based on our findings, a possible gene expression regulation model including both AP-1 transcription factors and MT genes from the ciliate T. thermophila has been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de Francisco
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Amaro
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martín-González
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Fu CL, Pan B, Pan JH, Gan MF. Metallothionein 1M suppresses tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:33037-33046. [PMID: 28380433 PMCID: PMC5464848 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the metallothionein (MT) family are involved in metal detoxifcation and in the protection of cells against certain electrophilic carcinogens. In present study, it was found that MT1M was downregulated in more than 77.1% (91/118) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of MT1M inhibited cell viability, colony formation, cell migration and invasion in HCC cell lines and tumor cell growth in xenograft nude mice, and activated cell apoptosis in HCC cell lines. In addition, immunohistochemistry analysis showed MT1M was negative or weak staining in tumor tissues but moderate or strong staining in adjacent non-tumor tissues. The sensitivity and specificity of MT1M for HCC diagnosis were 76.27% and 89.83%, respectively. In conclusion, MT1M was identified as a potential tumor marker for HCC and may serve as a useful therapeutic agent for HCC gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Fu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Taizhou, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Bing Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Taizhou, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Ju-Hua Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Taizhou, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Mei-Fu Gan
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), Linhai 317000, China
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45
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Wang C, Shu F, Hong Y, Wang J, Peng K, Sheng J, Wu D, Hu B, Shi J, Jian S. Analysis of the structure and activity of the promoter regions of the metallothionein genes of the freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis schlegelii. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:780-791. [PMID: 29499631 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1443788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the regulation of metallothionein genes (HsMTs) of Hyriopsis schlegelii, 1,121-bp and 1,270-bp regions of the HsMT1 and HsMT2 promoters were cloned and analyzed, respectively. The two promoters shared partially conserved features and possessed distinct characteristics such as the number or position of metal response elements (MREs). Further analysis of the HsMT1 and HsMT2 promoters was performed by the reporter assay using the luciferase gene. Both promoters were activated by various metals, and presented different levels of metal ions inducibility in human hepatoblastoma cells. Deletion mutant assays demonstrated that both the longest promoter regions achieved the maximum inducibility, and the metal inducibility was dependent on the presence of the MRE in HsMT1 and the distal MRE in HsMT2. In addition, we cloned a putative metal responsive transcription factor (hereby designated as HsMTF-like) and studied its effect on HsMTs expression in human hepatoblastoma cells. An in vivo assay demonstrated that HsMTF-like activates basal HsMTs transcription level, and the MRE in the HsMTs promoter mediates this activation process. Moreover, this basal transcription level can be further boosted by zinc treatment. In conclusion, the regulation mechanism for MT activation in H. schlegelii should be evolutionarily conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuxing Shu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yijiang Hong
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junhua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kou Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junqing Sheng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Beijuan Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianwu Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoqing Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Park Y, Zhang J, Cai L. Reappraisal of metallothionein: Clinical implications for patients with diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes 2018; 10:213-231. [PMID: 29072367 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) are byproducts of cellular physiological processes of the metabolism of intermediary nutrients. Although physiological defense mechanisms readily convert these species into water or urea, an improper balance between their production and removal leads to oxidative stress (OS), which is harmful to cellular components. This OS may result in uncontrolled growth or, ultimately, cell death. In addition, ROS and RNS are closely related to the development of diabetes and its complications. Therefore, numerous researchers have proposed the development of strategies for the removal of ROS/RNS to prevent or treat diabetes and its complications. Some molecules that are synthesized in the body or obtained from food participate in the removal and neutralization of ROS and RNS. Metallothionein, a cysteine-rich protein, is a metal-binding protein that has a wide range of functions in cellular homeostasis and immunity. Metallothionein can be induced by a variety of conditions, including zinc supplementation, and plays a crucial role in mediating anti-OS, anti-apoptotic, detoxification, and anti-inflammatory effects. Metallothionein can modulate various stress-induced signaling pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt, nuclear factor-κB, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, sirtuin 1/AMP-activated protein kinase and fibroblast growth factor 21) to alleviate diabetes and diabetic complications. However, a deeper understanding of the functional, biochemical, and molecular characteristics of metallothionein is needed to bring about new opportunities for OS therapy. This review focuses on newly proposed functions of a metallothionein and their implications relevant to diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsoo Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Hanyang University, College of Medicine and Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- The Center of Cardiovascular Disorders, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Li J, Yue L, Shen Y, Sheng Y, Zhan X, Xu G, Xing B. Phenanthrene-responsive microRNAs and their targets in wheat roots. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:588-598. [PMID: 28818587 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in plant growth, development and responses to abiotic stress. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. However, it is yet unknown how miRNAs work during PAH uptake by plant roots. Thus, in this study we ascertain phenanthrene (a model PAH)-responsive miRNAs using small RNA high-throughput deep sequencing and their target genes in wheat roots. We identified 108 conserved and non-conserved miRNA members belonging to 82 miRNA families and found 11 differentially expressed miRNAs, among which four miRNAs (miR156, miR164, miR171a and miR9678-3p) were up-regulated and the other seven miRNAs (miR398, miR531, miR1121, miR5048-5p, miR9653b, miR9773 and miR9778) were down-regulated. ABC-transporter-related Gene CA704421 and CA697226 did not respond to phenanthrene exposure. miR156 and miR164 might regulate directly the growth and development of wheat roots by targeting SPL and NAC, respectively. miR398 and miR1121 could regulate oxidative reactions to respond to phenanthrene stress. Additionally, miR9773 might involve phenanthrene metabolism through acting on CYP450. Therefore, it is concluded that phenanthrene triggers variation in miRNA expression, which is associated with uptake of and response to phenanthrene. These findings are of significance for further understanding miRNA regulation mechanisms on PAH uptake, and providing guidance for screening of resistant cultivars in crop production and phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils or water at genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Yu Sheng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guohua Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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Krizkova S, Kepinska M, Emri G, Eckschlager T, Stiborova M, Pokorna P, Heger Z, Adam V. An insight into the complex roles of metallothioneins in malignant diseases with emphasis on (sub)isoforms/isoforms and epigenetics phenomena. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 183:90-117. [PMID: 28987322 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a group of small cysteine-rich proteins that are ubiquitous throughout all kingdoms. The main function of MTs is scavenging of free radicals and detoxification and homeostating of heavy metals. In humans, 16 genes localized on chromosome 16 have been identified to encode four MT isoforms labelled by numbers (MT-1-MT-4). MT-2, MT-3 and MT-4 proteins are encoded by a single gene. MT-1 comprises many (sub)isoforms. The known active MT-1 genes are MT-1A, -1B, -1E, -1F, -1G, -1H, -1M and -1X. The rest of the MT-1 genes (MT-1C, -1D, -1I, -1J and -1L) are pseudogenes. The expression and localization of individual MT (sub)isoforms and pseudogenes vary at intra-cellular level and in individual tissues. Changes in MT expression are associated with the process of carcinogenesis of various types of human malignancies, or with a more aggressive phenotype and therapeutic resistance. Hence, MT (sub)isoform profiling status could be utilized for diagnostics and therapy of tumour diseases. This review aims on a comprehensive summary of methods for analysis of MTs at (sub)isoforms levels, their expression in single tumour diseases and strategies how this knowledge can be utilized in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Krizkova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gabriella Emri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pokorna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Wang Y, Terrell AM, Riggio BA, Anand D, Lachke SA, Duncan MK. β1-Integrin Deletion From the Lens Activates Cellular Stress Responses Leading to Apoptosis and Fibrosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:3896-3922. [PMID: 28763805 PMCID: PMC5539801 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous research showed that the absence of β1-integrin from the mouse lens after embryonic day (E) 13.5 (β1MLR10) leads to the perinatal apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) resulting in severe microphthalmia. This study focuses on elucidating the molecular connections between β1-integrin deletion and this phenotype. Methods RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially regulated genes (DRGs) in β1MLR10 lenses at E15.5. By using bioinformatics analysis and literature searching, Egr1 (early growth response 1) was selected for further study. The activation status of certain signaling pathways (focal adhesion kinase [FAK]/Erk, TGF-β, and Akt signaling) was studied via Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Mice lacking both β1-integrin and Egr1 genes from the lenses were created (β1MLR10/Egr1−/−) to study their relationship. Results RNA sequencing identified 120 DRGs that include candidates involved in the cellular stress response, fibrosis, and/or apoptosis. Egr1 was investigated in detail, as it mediates cellular stress responses in various cell types, and is recognized as an upstream regulator of numerous other β1MLR10 lens DRGs. In β1MLR10 mice, Egr1 levels are elevated shortly after β1-integrin loss from the lens. Further, pErk1/2 and pAkt are elevated in β1MLR10 LECs, thus providing the potential signaling mechanism that causes Egr1 upregulation in the mutant. Indeed, deletion of Egr1 from β1MLR10 lenses partially rescues the microphthalmia phenotype. Conclusions β1-integrin regulates the appropriate levels of Erk1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in LECs, whereas its deficiency results in the overexpression of Egr1, culminating in reduced cell survival. These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the microphthalmia observed in β1MLR10 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Anne M Terrell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Brittany A Riggio
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Deepti Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Melinda K Duncan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
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Hall JA, McElwee MK, Freedman JH. Identification of ATF-7 and the insulin signaling pathway in the regulation of metallothionein in C. elegans suggests roles in aging and reactive oxygen species. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28632756 PMCID: PMC5478092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that aging results from the lifelong accumulation of intracellular damage via reactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Metallothioneins are conserved cysteine-rich proteins that function as efficient ROS scavengers and may affect longevity. To better understand mechanisms controlling metallothionein expression, the regulatory factors and pathways that controlled cadmium-inducible transcription of the C. elegans metallothionein gene, mtl-1, were identified. The transcription factor ATF-7 was identified in both ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis and candidate gene screens. PMK-1 and members of the insulin signaling pathway, PDK-1 and AKT-1/2, were also identified as mtl-1 regulators. Genetic and previous results support a model for the regulation of cadmium-inducible mtl-1 transcription based on the derepression of the constitutively active transcription factor ELT-2. In addition, knockdown of the mammalian homologs of PDK1 and ATF7 in HEK293 cells resulted in changes in metallothionein expression, suggesting that this pathway was evolutionarily conserved. The insulin signaling pathway is known to influence the aging process; however, various factors responsible for affecting the aging phenotype are unknown. Identification of portions of the insulin signaling pathway as regulators of metallothionein expression supports the hypothesis that longevity is affected by the expression of this efficient ROS scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Hall
- Biomolecular Screening Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Matthew K. McElwee
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jonathan H. Freedman
- Biomolecular Screening Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
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