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Álvarez-Vázquez A, San-Segundo L, Cerveró-García P, Flores-Hernández R, Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Segura-Collar B, Hubert CG, Morrison G, Pollard SM, Lathia JD, Sánchez-Gómez P, Tabernero A. EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII predict and participate in TAT-Cx43266-283 antitumor response in preclinical glioblastoma models. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:1230-1246. [PMID: 38507464 PMCID: PMC11226870 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) commonly displays epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) alterations (mainly amplification and EGFRvIII) and TAT-Cx43266-283 is a Src-inhibitory peptide with antitumor properties in preclinical GBM models. Given the link between EGFR and Src, the aim of this study was to explore the role of EGFR in the antitumor effects of TAT-Cx43266-283. METHODS The effect of TAT-Cx43266-283, temozolomide (TMZ), and erlotinib (EGFR inhibitor) was studied in patient-derived GBM stem cells (GSCs) and murine neural stem cells (NSCs) with and without EGFR alterations, in vitro and in vivo. EGFR alterations were analyzed by western blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization in these cells, and compared with Src activity and survival in GBM samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS The effect of TAT-Cx43266-283 correlated with EGFR alterations in a set of patient-derived GSCs and was stronger than that exerted by TMZ and erlotinib. In fact, TAT-Cx43266-283 only affected NSCs with EGFR alterations, but not healthy NSCs. EGFR alterations correlated with Src activity and poor survival in GBM patients. Finally, tumors generated from NSCs with EGFR alterations showed a decrease in growth, invasiveness, and vascularization after treatment with TAT-Cx43266-283, which enhanced the survival of immunocompetent mice. CONCLUSIONS Clinically relevant EGFR alterations are predictors of TAT-Cx43266-283 response and part of its mechanism of action, even in TMZ- and erlotinib-resistant GSCs. TAT-Cx43266-283 targets NSCs with GBM-driver mutations, including EGFR alterations, in an immunocompetent GBM model in vivo, suggesting a promising effect on GBM recurrence. Together, this study represents an important step toward the clinical application of TAT-Cx43266-283.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Álvarez-Vázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Cerveró-García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Raquel Flores-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Claudia Ollauri-Ibáñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Berta Segura-Collar
- Instituto de investigaciones Biomédicas I+12 (Imas12), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher G Hubert
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gillian Morrison
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Steven M Pollard
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Gómez
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII-UFIEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantxa Tabernero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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2
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Ghadami E, Gorji A, Pour-Rashidi A, Noorbakhsh F, Kabuli M, Razipour M, Choobineh H, Maghsudlu M, Damavandi E, Ghadami M. CircZNF609 and circNFIX as possible regulators of glioblastoma pathogenesis via miR-145-5p/EGFR axis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13551. [PMID: 38866807 PMCID: PMC11169398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a rare and deadly malignancy with a low survival rate. Emerging evidence has shown that aberrantly expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a critical role in the initiation and progression of GBM tumorigenesis. The oncogenic function of circZNF609 and circNFIX is involved in several types of cancer, but the role and underlying mechanism of these circRNAs in glioblastoma remain unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that circZNF609 and circNFIX may regulate EGFR through sponging miR-145-5p. Herein, we assessed the expression levels of circZNF609, circNFIX, miR-145-5p, and EGFR using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in glioblastoma patients and normal brain samples. The results showed that circZNF609, circNFIX, and EGFR expression levels were upregulated and miR145-5p was downregulated (p = 0.001, 0.06, 0.002, and 0.0065, respectively), while there was no significant association between clinicopathological features of the patients and the level of these genes expression. We also found a significant inverse correlation between miR145-5p and the expression of cZNF609, cNFIX and EGFR (p = 0.0003, 0.0006, and 0.009, respectively). These findings may open a new window for researchers to better understand the potential pathways involved in GBM pathogenesis. In conclusion, it may provide a new potential pathway for the development of effective drugs for the treatment of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghadami
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Munster, Germany
| | - Ahmad Pour-Rashidi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Kabuli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Razipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Choobineh
- School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddese Maghsudlu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elia Damavandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Specialized Medical Genetic Center (SMGC) of ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghadami
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cardiac Primary Research Center, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Bae S, Bae S, Kim HS, Lim YJ, Kim G, Park IC, So KA, Kim TJ, Lee JH. Deguelin Restores Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Paclitaxel-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cells via Inhibition of the EGFR Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2024; 16:507-525. [PMID: 38827785 PMCID: PMC11144006 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s457221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is one of women's malignancies with the highest mortality among gynecological cancers. Paclitaxel is used in first-line ovarian cancer chemotherapy. Research on paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer holds significant clinical importance. Methods Cell viability and flow cytometric assays were conducted at different time and concentration points of deguelin and paclitaxel treatment. Immunoblotting was performed to assess the activation status of key signaling molecules important for cell survival and proliferation following treatment with deguelin and paclitaxel. The fluo-3 acetoxymethyl assay for P-glycoprotein transport activity assay and cell viability assay in the presence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine were also conducted. Results Cell viability and flow cytometric assays demonstrated that deguelin resensitized paclitaxel in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cotreatment with deguelin and paclitaxel inhibited EGFR and its downstream signaling molecules, including AKT, ERK, STAT3, and p38 MAPK, in SKOV3-TR cells. Interestingly, cotreatment with deguelin and paclitaxel suppressed the expression level of EGFR via the lysosomal degradation pathway. Cotreatment did not affect the expression and function of P-glycoprotein. N-acetyl-L-cysteine failed to restore cell cytotoxicity when used in combination with deguelin and paclitaxel in SKOV3-TR cells. The expression of BCL-2, MCL-1, and the phosphorylation of the S155 residue of BAD were downregulated. Moreover, inhibition of paclitaxel resistance by deguelin was also observed in HeyA8-MDR cells. Conclusion Our research showed that deguelin effectively suppresses paclitaxel resistance in SKOV3-TR ovarian cancer cells by downregulating the EGFR and its downstream signaling pathway and modulating the BCL-2 family proteins. Furthermore, deguelin exhibits inhibitory effects on paclitaxel resistance in HeyA8-MDR ovarian cancer cells, suggesting a potential mechanism for paclitaxel resensitization that may not be cell-specific. These findings suggest that deguelin holds promise as an anticancer therapeutic agent for overcoming chemoresistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Bae
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sowon Bae
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Su Kim
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Lim
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongmi Kim
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Park
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong A So
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
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Pasdaran A, Grice ID, Hamedi A. A review of natural products and small-molecule therapeutics acting on central nervous system malignancies: Approaches for drug development, targeting pathways, clinical trials, and challenges. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22180. [PMID: 38680103 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released the fifth edition of the central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification. This classification uses histopathology and molecular pathogenesis to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. The prognosis of brain cancer, particularly malignant tumors, has remained poor worldwide, approximately 308,102 new cases of brain and other CNS tumors were diagnosed in the year 2020, with an estimated 251,329 deaths. The cost and time-consuming nature of studies to find new anticancer agents makes it necessary to have well-designed studies. In the present study, the pathways that can be targeted for drug development are discussed in detail. Some of the important cellular origins, signaling, and pathways involved in the efficacy of bioactive molecules against CNS tumorigenesis or progression, as well as prognosis and common approaches for treatment of different types of brain tumors, are reviewed. Moreover, different study tools, including cell lines, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial challenges, are discussed. In addition, in this article, natural products as one of the most important sources for finding new chemotherapeutics were reviewed and over 700 reported molecules with efficacy against CNS cancer cells are gathered and classified according to their structure. Based on the clinical trials that have been registered, very few of these natural or semi-synthetic derivatives have been studied in humans. The review can help researchers understand the involved mechanisms and design new goal-oriented studies for drug development against CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Irwin Darren Grice
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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5
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Reynolds DE, Sun Y, Wang X, Vallapureddy P, Lim J, Pan M, Fernandez Del Castillo A, Carlson JCT, Sellmyer MA, Nasrallah M, Binder Z, O'Rourke DM, Ming G, Song H, Ko J. Live Organoid Cyclic Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309289. [PMID: 38326078 PMCID: PMC11005682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Organoids are becoming increasingly relevant in biology and medicine for their physiological complexity and accuracy in modeling human disease. To fully assess their biological profile while preserving their spatial information, spatiotemporal imaging tools are warranted. While previously developed imaging techniques, such as four-dimensional (4D) live imaging and light-sheet imaging have yielded important clinical insights, these technologies lack the combination of cyclic and multiplexed analysis. To address these challenges, bioorthogonal click chemistry is applied to display the first demonstration of multiplexed cyclic imaging of live and fixed patient-derived glioblastoma tumor organoids. This technology exploits bioorthogonal click chemistry to quench fluorescent signals from the surface and intracellular of labeled cells across multiple cycles, allowing for more accurate and efficient molecular profiling of their complex phenotypes. Herein, the versatility of this technology is demonstrated for the screening of glioblastoma markers in patient-derived human glioblastoma organoids while conserving their viability. It is anticipated that the findings and applications of this work can be broadly translated into investigating physiological developments in other organoid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Reynolds
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Yusha Sun
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Phoebe Vallapureddy
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jianhua Lim
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Menghan Pan
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Andres Fernandez Del Castillo
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiophysicsPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Mark A. Sellmyer
- Department of RadiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - MacLean Nasrallah
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Zev Binder
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Center for Cellular ImmunotherapiesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Donald M. O'Rourke
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Center for Cellular ImmunotherapiesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Guo‐li Ming
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of PsychiatryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of PsychiatryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- The Epigenetics InstitutePerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jina Ko
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
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6
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Lu X, Xie Y, Ding G, Sun W, Ye H. RBM24 Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Glioblastoma by Stabilizing LATS1 mRNA. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10715-7. [PMID: 38499965 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The ribose nucleic acid (RNA)-binding motif protein 24 (RBM24) has been recognized as a critical regulatory protein in various types of tumors. However, its specific role in glioblastoma (GBM) has not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study is to uncover the role of RBM24 in GBM and understand the underlying mechanism. The expression of RBM24 in GBM was initially analyzed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). Subsequently, the RBM24 expression levels in clinical samples of GBM were examined, and the survival curves of GBM patients were plotted based on high- and low-expression levels of RBM24 using Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter. In addition, RBM24 knockdown cell lines and overexpression vectors were created to assess the effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion abilities. Finally, the binding level of RBM24 protein to LATS1 messenger RNA (mRNA) was determined by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, and the expression levels of RBM24 and LATS1 were measured through quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB). Our data revealed a significant decrease in RBM24 mRNA and protein levels in GBM patients, indicating that those with low RBM24 expression had a worse prognosis. Overexpression of RBM24 led to inhibited cell proliferation, reduced invasion, and increased apoptosis in LN229 and U87 cells. In addition, knocking down LATS1 partially reversed the effects of RBM24 on cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis in GBM cells. In vivo xenograft model further demonstrated that RBM24 overexpression reduced the growth of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice, accompanied by a decrease in Ki-67 expression and an increase in apoptotic events in tumor tissues. There was also correlation between RBM24 and LATS1 protein expression in the xenograft tumors. RBM24 functions to stabilize LATS1 mRNA, thereby inhibiting the proliferation, suppressing invasion, and promoting apoptosis in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Qujing, No.1 Garden Road, Qilin District, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Qujing, No.1 Garden Road, Qilin District, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Guolin Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Qujing, No.1 Garden Road, Qilin District, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qujing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.771, Yingxia Road, Qilin District, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Hao Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Qujing, No.1 Garden Road, Qilin District, Qujing, Yunnan, China.
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7
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Frumento D, Grossi G, Falesiedi M, Musumeci F, Carbone A, Schenone S. Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) for Glioblastoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1398. [PMID: 38338677 PMCID: PMC10855061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, many small molecules, usually characterized by heterocyclic scaffolds, have been designed and synthesized as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Among them, several compounds have been tested at preclinical and clinical levels to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is the most common and aggressive type of cancer originating in the brain and has an unfavorable prognosis, with a median survival of 15-16 months and a 5-year survival rate of 5%. Despite recent advances in treating GBM, it represents an incurable disease associated with treatment resistance and high recurrence rates. For these reasons, there is an urgent need for the development of new pharmacological agents to fight this malignancy. In this review, we reported the compounds published in the last five years, which showed promising activity in GBM preclinical models acting as TKIs. We grouped the compounds based on the targeted kinase: first, we reported receptor TKIs and then, cytoplasmic and peculiar kinase inhibitors. For each small molecule, we included the chemical structure, and we schematized the interaction with the target for some representative compounds with the aim of elucidating the mechanism of action. Finally, we cited the most relevant clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francesca Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Anna Carbone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
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8
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Attiogbe MKI, Zhao HY, Wang J, Huang TT, Yan PP, Liu YN, Li W, Cao L, Zhang SQ, Cao YX. Anticancer effect of covalent purine-containing EGFR TKI, ZZC4 and its mechanism of action through network pharmacology. Life Sci 2024; 336:122308. [PMID: 38030059 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been documented in many malignancies as participating in the progression of cancer cells. Here, we present a novel EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ZZC4, and examine its effect on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and tumor-bearing xenograft models. MAIN METHODS The antiproliferative effect of ZZC4 was assessed in vitro by MTT assay, colony formation, and wound healing assay and in vivo with tumor-bearing xenograft nude mice. Further, Western blotting analysis and computational network pharmacology were used to explore and understand the mechanism of ZZC4. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that ZZC4 potently inhibited the proliferation of lung, breast, and melanoma cells, and was more sensitive to lung cancer cells HCC827, H1975, and breast cancer cell T47D. In vitro findings were corroborated in vivo as results showed the suppressive effect of ZZC4 on HCC827 and H1975 tumor growth. Western blotting analysis confirmed that ZZC4 is an effective inhibitor of the EGFR pathways as it down-regulated p-EGFR, p-Akt, and p-MAPK. Computational molecular docking confirmed the strong binding affinity between ZZC4 and EGFR. Moreover, network pharmacology suggested that ZZC4 might play a suppressive role in the progression of malignancies with EGFR/PI-3K/Akt axis dysregulation or in cancer-related drug resistance. SIGNIFICANCE Our study showed that ZZC4 is an anticancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawusse K I Attiogbe
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hong-Yi Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ping-Ping Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yan-Ni Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Lei Cao
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yong-Xiao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China.
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9
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Macedo C, Costa PC, Rodrigues F. Bioactive compounds from Actinidia arguta fruit as a new strategy to fight glioblastoma. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113770. [PMID: 38129059 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant demand for natural products as a mean of disease prevention or as an alternative to conventional medications. The driving force for this change is the growing recognition of the abundant presence of valuable bioactive compounds in natural products. On recent years Actinia arguta fruit, also known as kiwiberry, has attracted a lot of attention from scientific community due to its richness in bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds, organic acids, vitamins, carotenoids and fiber. These bioactive compounds contribute to the fruit's diverse outstanding biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer properties. Due to these properties, the fruit may have the potential to be used in the treatment/prevention of various types of cancer, including glioblastoma. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of brain cancer, displaying 90 % of recurrence rate within a span of 2 years. Despite the employment of an aggressive approach, the prognosis remains unfavorable, emphasizing the urgent requirement for the development of new effective treatments. The preclinical evidence suggests that kiwiberry has potential impact on glioblastoma by reducing the cancer self-renewal, modulating the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of the cell phenotype and metabolism, and influencing the consolidation of the tumor microenvironment. Even though, challenges such as the imprecise composition and concentration of bioactive compounds, and its low bioavailability after oral administration may be drawbacks to the development of kiwiberry-based treatments, being urgent to ensure the safety and efficacy of kiwiberry for the prevention and treatment of glioblastoma. This review aims to highlight the potential impact of A. arguta bioactive compounds on glioblastoma, providing novel insights into their applicability as complementary or alternative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Macedo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo C Costa
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Ramar V, Guo S, Hudson B, Liu M. Progress in Glioma Stem Cell Research. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:102. [PMID: 38201528 PMCID: PMC10778204 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents a diverse spectrum of primary tumors notorious for their resistance to established therapeutic modalities. Despite aggressive interventions like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, these tumors, due to factors such as the blood-brain barrier, tumor heterogeneity, glioma stem cells (GSCs), drug efflux pumps, and DNA damage repair mechanisms, persist beyond complete isolation, resulting in dismal outcomes for glioma patients. Presently, the standard initial approach comprises surgical excision followed by concurrent chemotherapy, where temozolomide (TMZ) serves as the foremost option in managing GBM patients. Subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy follows this regimen. Emerging therapeutic approaches encompass immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted treatments, such as bevacizumab, aiming to exploit vulnerabilities within GBM cells. Nevertheless, there exists a pressing imperative to devise innovative strategies for both diagnosing and treating GBM. This review emphasizes the current knowledge of GSC biology, molecular mechanisms, and associations with various signals and/or pathways, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, HGFR/c-MET, NF-κB, Wnt, Notch, and STAT3 pathways. Metabolic reprogramming in GSCs has also been reported with the prominent activation of the glycolytic pathway, comprising aldehyde dehydrogenase family genes. We also discuss potential therapeutic approaches to GSC targets and currently used inhibitors, as well as their mode of action on GSC targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanajothi Ramar
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (V.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, LA 70125, USA;
| | - BreAnna Hudson
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (V.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Mingli Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (V.R.); (B.H.)
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11
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Kim E, Fortoul MC, Weimer D, Meggyesy M, Demory Beckler M. Co-occurrence of glioma and multiple sclerosis: Prevailing theories and emerging therapies. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 79:105027. [PMID: 37801959 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Though the concurrence of primary brain tumors and multiple sclerosis (MS) is exceedingly rare, instances have been noted in the literature as early as 1949. Given these observations, researchers have proposed various ideas as to how these malignancies may be linked to MS. Due to insufficient data, none have gained traction or been widely accepted amongst neurologists or neuro-oncologists. What is abundantly clear, however, is the mounting uncertainty faced by clinicians when caring for these individuals. Concerns persist about the potential for disease modifying therapies (DMTs) to initiate or promote tumor growth and progression, and to date, there are no approved treatments capable of mitigating both MS disease activity and tumor growth, let alone established guidelines that clinicians may refer to. Collectively, these gaps in the literature impose limitations to optimizing the care and management of this population. As such, our hope is to stimulate further discussion of this topic and prompt future investigations to explore novel treatment options and advance our understanding of these concurrent disease processes. To this end, the chief objective of this article is to evaluate proposed ideas of how the diseases may be linked, outline emerging therapies for both MS and brain tumors, and describe evidence-based approaches to diagnosing and treating this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Kim
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, United States
| | - Marla C Fortoul
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, United States
| | - Derek Weimer
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, United States
| | - Michael Meggyesy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michelle Demory Beckler
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, United States.
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12
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Singh S, Joshi V, Upadhyay A. Amyloids and brain cancer: molecular linkages and crossovers. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20230489. [PMID: 37335084 PMCID: PMC10548166 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20230489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are high-order proteinaceous formations deposited in both intra- and extracellular spaces. These aggregates have tendencies to deregulate cellular physiology in multiple ways; for example, altered metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunctions, immune modulation, etc. When amyloids are formed in brain tissues, the endpoint often is death of neurons. However, interesting but least understood is a close connection of amyloids with another set of conditions in which brain cells proliferate at an extraordinary rate and form tumor inside brain. Glioblastoma is one such condition. Increasing number of evidence indicate a possible link between amyloid formation and depositions in brain tumors. Several proteins associated with cell cycle regulation and apoptotic pathways themselves have shown to possess high tendencies to form amyloids. Tumor suppressor protein p53 is one prominent example that mutate, oligomerize and form amyloids leading to loss- or gain-of-functions and cause increased cell proliferation and malignancies. In this review article, we present available examples, genetic links and common pathways that indicate that possibly the two distantly placed pathways: amyloid formation and developing cancers in the brain have similarities and are mechanistically intertwined together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jheepasani, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342001, India
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, U.S.A
| | - Vibhuti Joshi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jheepasani, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342001, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jheepasani, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342001, India
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, U.S.A
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13
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Uram Ł, Wróbel K, Walczak M, Szymaszek Ż, Twardowska M, Wołowiec S. Exploring the Potential of Lapatinib, Fulvestrant, and Paclitaxel Conjugated with Glycidylated PAMAM G4 Dendrimers for Cancer and Parasite Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:6334. [PMID: 37687164 PMCID: PMC10489794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fulvestrant (F), lapatinib (L), and paclitaxel (P) are hydrophobic, anticancer drugs used in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive breast cancer. In this study, glycidylated PAMAM G4 dendrimers, substituted with F, L, and/or P and targeting tumor cells, were synthesized and characterized, and their antitumor activity against glioma U-118 MG and non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells was tested comparatively with human non-tumorogenic keratinocytes (HaCaT). All cell lines were ER+ and EGFR+. In addition, the described drugs were tested in the context of antinematode therapy on C. elegans. The results show that the water-soluble conjugates of G4P, G4F, G4L, and G4PFL actively entered the tested cells via endocytosis due to the positive zeta potential (between 13.57-40.29 mV) and the nanoparticle diameter of 99-138 nm. The conjugates of G4P and G4PFL at nanomolar concentrations were the most active, and the least active conjugate was G4F. The tested conjugates inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT and A549 cells; in glioma cells, cytotoxicity was associated mainly with cell damage (mitochondria and membrane transport). The toxicity of the conjugates was proportional to the number of drug residues attached, with the exception of G4L; its action was two- and eight-fold stronger against glioma and keratinocytes, respectively, than the equivalent of lapatinib alone. Unfortunately, non-cancer HaCaT cells were the most sensitive to the tested constructs, which forced a change in the approach to the use of ER and EGFR receptors as a goal in cancer therapy. In vivo studies on C. elegans have shown that all compounds, most notably G4PFL, may be potentially useful in anthelmintic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Uram
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańcow Warszawy Ave., 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (Ł.U.); (M.W.); (Ż.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Konrad Wróbel
- Medical College, Rzeszów University, 1a Warzywna Street, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Walczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańcow Warszawy Ave., 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (Ł.U.); (M.W.); (Ż.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Żaneta Szymaszek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańcow Warszawy Ave., 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (Ł.U.); (M.W.); (Ż.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Magdalena Twardowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańcow Warszawy Ave., 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (Ł.U.); (M.W.); (Ż.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Stanisław Wołowiec
- Medical College, Rzeszów University, 1a Warzywna Street, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
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14
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Kumari S, Kumar P. Identification and characterization of putative biomarkers and therapeutic axis in Glioblastoma multiforme microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1236271. [PMID: 37538397 PMCID: PMC10395518 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1236271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-cellular secretory components, including chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors in the tumor microenvironment, are often dysregulated, impacting tumorigenesis in Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) microenvironment, where the prognostic significance of the current treatment remains unsatisfactory. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of post-translational modifications (PTM) and their respective enzymes, such as acetylation and ubiquitination in GBM etiology through modulating signaling events. However, the relationship between non-cellular secretory components and post-translational modifications will create a research void in GBM therapeutics. Therefore, we aim to bridge the gap between non-cellular secretory components and PTM modifications through machine learning and computational biology approaches. Herein, we highlighted the importance of BMP1, CTSB, LOX, LOXL1, PLOD1, MMP9, SERPINE1, and SERPING1 in GBM etiology. Further, we demonstrated the positive relationship between the E2 conjugating enzymes (Ube2E1, Ube2H, Ube2J2, Ube2C, Ube2J2, and Ube2S), E3 ligases (VHL and GNB2L1) and substrate (HIF1A). Additionally, we reported the novel HAT1-induced acetylation sites of Ube2S (K211) and Ube2H (K8, K52). Structural and functional characterization of Ube2S (8) and Ube2H (1) have identified their association with protein kinases. Lastly, our results found a putative therapeutic axis HAT1-Ube2S(K211)-GNB2L1-HIF1A and potential predictive biomarkers (CTSB, HAT1, Ube2H, VHL, and GNB2L1) that play a critical role in GBM pathogenesis.
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15
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Familiari P, Relucenti M, Lapolla P, Palmieri M, Antonelli M, Cristiano L, Barbaranelli C, Catalano M, D'Angelo L, Familiari G, Santoro A, Frati A, Bruzzaniti P. Adult IDH Wild-Type Glioblastoma Ultrastructural Investigation Suggests a Possible Correlation between Morphological Biomarkers and Ki-67 Index. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1968. [PMID: 37509607 PMCID: PMC10377045 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor with an average life expectancy between 14 and 16 months after diagnosis. The Ki-67 labeling index (LI), a measure of cellular proliferation, is emerging as a prognostic marker in GBM. In this study, we investigated the ultrastructure of glioblastoma tissue from 9 patients with the same molecular profile (adult IDH wild-type glioblastoma, wild-type ATRX, and positive for TP53 expression, GFAP expression, and EGFR overexpression) to find possible ultrastructural features to be used as biomarkers and correlated with the only parameter that differs among our samples, the Ki-67 LI. Our main results were the visualization of the anatomical basis of astrocyte-endothelial cells crosstalk; the ultrastructural in situ imaging of clusters of hyperactivated microglia cells (MsEVs); the ultrastructural in situ imaging of microglia cells storing lipid vesicles (MsLVs); the ultrastructural in situ imaging of neoplastic cells mitophagy (NCsM). The statistical analysis of our data indicated that MsEVs and MsLVs correlate with the Ki-67 LI value. We can thus assume they are good candidates to be considered morphological biomarkers correlating to Ki-67 LI. The role of NCsM instead must be further evaluated. Our study findings demonstrate that by combining ultrastructural characteristics with molecular information, we can discover biomarkers that have the potential to enhance diagnostic precision, aid in treatment decision-making, identify targets for therapy, and enable personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient. However, further research with larger sample sizes is needed to validate these findings and fully utilize the potential of ultrastructural analysis in managing glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Familiari
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine, and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Lapolla
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Mauro Palmieri
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cristiano
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Myriam Catalano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca D'Angelo
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Familiari
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine, and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Placido Bruzzaniti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Fabrizio Spaziani Hospital, 03100 Frosinone, Italy
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16
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Do KH, Nguyen TV, Do TA, Le DT, Nguyen PTB, Nguyen CV. Rare T263P epidermal growth factor receptor extracellular domain mutation of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in a Vietnamese male patient. Respirol Case Rep 2023; 11:e01170. [PMID: 37273450 PMCID: PMC10233332 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T263P mutation is one of the rare EGFR mutations located on chromosome 7p11.2, which is a change in amino acid residue at position 263 of the epidermal growth factor receptor protein, where L-threonine has been replaced by L-proline. This missense mutation in the extracellular EGFR domain is not well-known in lung cancer. In this study, we first report a patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma harbouring only a rare T263P EGFR mutation who benefited from first-line afatinib therapy in Vietnam. The patient achieved a partial response with a time-to-treatment failure of 5 months. The patient subsequently received several chemotherapy regimens as the disease progressed, with overall survival of 17 months. Non-small cell lung cancer with a rare T263P EGFR mutation responds to afatinib but has a poor prognosis. Further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of targeted therapies in this specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kien Hung Do
- Vietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
- Department of Medical Oncology IVietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
| | - Tai Van Nguyen
- Vietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
- Department of Medical Oncology IVietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
- PhD student in OncologyHanoi Medical UniversityHanoiVietnam
| | - Tu Anh Do
- Vietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
| | - Duc Thanh Le
- Vietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
| | - Phuong Thi Bich Nguyen
- Vietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
- Department of Medical Oncology IVietnam National Cancer Hospital—K HospitalHanoiVietnam
- PhD student in OncologyHanoi Medical UniversityHanoiVietnam
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17
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Barzegar Behrooz A, Latifi-Navid H, da Silva Rosa SC, Swiat M, Wiechec E, Vitorino C, Vitorino R, Jamalpoor Z, Ghavami S. Integrating Multi-Omics Analysis for Enhanced Diagnosis and Treatment of Glioblastoma: A Comprehensive Data-Driven Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3158. [PMID: 37370767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults is glioblastoma (GBM), which has poor overall survival (OS). There is a high relapse rate among patients with GBM despite maximally safe surgery, radiation therapy, temozolomide (TMZ), and aggressive treatment. Hence, there is an urgent and unmet clinical need for new approaches to managing GBM. The current study identified modules (MYC, EGFR, PIK3CA, SUZ12, and SPRK2) involved in GBM disease through the NeDRex plugin. Furthermore, hub genes were identified in a comprehensive interaction network containing 7560 proteins related to GBM disease and 3860 proteins associated with signaling pathways involved in GBM. By integrating the results of the analyses mentioned above and again performing centrality analysis, eleven key genes involved in GBM disease were identified. ProteomicsDB and Gliovis databases were used for determining the gene expression in normal and tumor brain tissue. The NetworkAnalyst and the mGWAS-Explorer tools identified miRNAs, SNPs, and metabolites associated with these 11 genes. Moreover, a literature review of recent studies revealed other lists of metabolites related to GBM disease. The enrichment analysis of identified genes, miRNAs, and metabolites associated with GBM disease was performed using ExpressAnalyst, miEAA, and MetaboAnalyst tools. Further investigation of metabolite roles in GBM was performed using pathway, joint pathway, and network analyses. The results of this study allowed us to identify 11 genes (UBC, HDAC1, CTNNB1, TRIM28, CSNK2A1, RBBP4, TP53, APP, DAB1, PINK1, and RELN), five miRNAs (hsa-mir-221-3p, hsa-mir-30a-5p, hsa-mir-15a-5p, hsa-mir-130a-3p, and hsa-let-7b-5p), six metabolites (HDL, N6-acetyl-L-lysine, cholesterol, formate, N, N-dimethylglycine/xylose, and X2. piperidinone) and 15 distinct signaling pathways that play an indispensable role in GBM disease development. The identified top genes, miRNAs, and metabolite signatures can be targeted to establish early diagnostic methods and plan personalized GBM treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 14977-16316, Iran
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
| | - Maciej Swiat
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Coimbra Chemistry Coimbra, Institute of Molecular Sciences-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- UnIC, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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18
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Duan W, Yu M, Chen J. BRD4: New Hope in the Battle Against Glioblastoma. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106767. [PMID: 37061146 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
The BET family proteins, comprising BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4, represent epigenetic readers of acetylated histone marks that play pleiotropic roles in the tumorigenesis and growth of multiple human malignancies, including glioblastoma (GBM). A growing body of investigation has proven BET proteins as valuable therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Recently, several BRD4 inhibitors and degraders have been reported to successfully suppress GBM in preclinical and clinical studies. However, the precise role and mechanism of BRD4 in the pathogenesis of GBM have not been fully elucidated or summarized. This review focuses on summarizing the roles and mechanisms of BRD4 in the context of the initiation and development of GBM. In addition, several BRD4 inhibitors have been evaluated for therapeutic purposes as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immune therapies. Here, we provide a critical appraisal of studies evaluating various BRD4 inhibitors and degraders as novel treatment strategies against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Duan
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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19
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Interaction of a Novel Alternatively Spliced Variant of HSD11B1L with Parkin Enhances the Carcinogenesis Potential of Glioblastoma: Peiminine Interferes with This Interaction. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060894. [PMID: 36980235 PMCID: PMC10047488 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary brain tumor of unknown etiology. It is extremely aggressive, incurable and has a short average survival time for patients. Therefore, understanding the precise molecular mechanisms of this diseases is essential to establish effective treatments. In this study, we cloned and sequenced a splice variant of the hydroxysteroid 11-β dehydrogenase 1 like gene (HSD11B1L) and named it HSD11B1L-181. HSD11 B1L-181 was specifically expressed only in GBM cells. Overexpression of this variant can significantly promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of GBM cells. Knockdown of HSD11B1L-181 expression inhibited the oncogenic potential of GBM cells. Furthermore, we identified the direct interaction of parkin with HSD11B1L-181 by screening the GBM cDNA expression library via yeast two-hybrid. Parkin is an RBR E3 ubiquitin ligase whose mutations are associated with tumorigenesis. Small interfering RNA treatment of parkin enhanced the proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of GBM. Finally, we found that the alkaloid peiminine from the bulbs of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq blocks the interaction between HSD11B1L-181 and parkin, thereby lessening carcinogenesis of GBM. We further confirmed the potential of peiminine to prevent GBM in cellular, ectopic and orthotopic xenograft mouse models. Taken together, these findings not only provide insight into GBM, but also present an opportunity for future GBM treatment.
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20
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Abstract
Sex differences play a large role in oncology. It has long been discussed that the incidence of different types of tumors varies by sex, and this holds in neuro-oncology. There are also profound survival sex differences, biologic factors, and treatment effects. This review aims to summarize some of the main sex differences observed in primary brain tumors and goes on to focus specifically on gliomas and meningiomas, as these are two commonly encountered primary brain tumors in clinical practice. Additionally, considerations unique to female individuals, including pregnancy and breastfeeding, are explored. This review sheds light on many of the unique attributes that must be considered when diagnosing and treating female patients with primary brain tumors in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Singer
- Department of Neurology, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Feinberg School of Medicine/Northwestern University, 675 North Saint Clair Street, Suite 20-100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Ditte Primdahl
- Department of Neurology, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Feinberg School of Medicine/Northwestern University, 675 North Saint Clair Street, Suite 20-100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Priya Kumthekar
- Department of Neurology, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Feinberg School of Medicine/Northwestern University, 675 North Saint Clair Street, Suite 20-100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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21
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Wang J, Huang L, Chen X, Yuan Y, Sun J, Yang M. Design, Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Novel Quinazolinone Derivatives as Potential EGFR Inhibitors. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:637-641. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College
| | - Liwei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College
| | - Yangchen Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College
| | - Juan Sun
- School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Health, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College
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22
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Jena B, Saxena S, Nayak GK, Balestrieri A, Gupta N, Khanna NN, Laird JR, Kalra MK, Fouda MM, Saba L, Suri JS. Brain Tumor Characterization Using Radiogenomics in Artificial Intelligence Framework. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4052. [PMID: 36011048 PMCID: PMC9406706 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumor characterization (BTC) is the process of knowing the underlying cause of brain tumors and their characteristics through various approaches such as tumor segmentation, classification, detection, and risk analysis. The substantial brain tumor characterization includes the identification of the molecular signature of various useful genomes whose alteration causes the brain tumor. The radiomics approach uses the radiological image for disease characterization by extracting quantitative radiomics features in the artificial intelligence (AI) environment. However, when considering a higher level of disease characteristics such as genetic information and mutation status, the combined study of "radiomics and genomics" has been considered under the umbrella of "radiogenomics". Furthermore, AI in a radiogenomics' environment offers benefits/advantages such as the finalized outcome of personalized treatment and individualized medicine. The proposed study summarizes the brain tumor's characterization in the prospect of an emerging field of research, i.e., radiomics and radiogenomics in an AI environment, with the help of statistical observation and risk-of-bias (RoB) analysis. The PRISMA search approach was used to find 121 relevant studies for the proposed review using IEEE, Google Scholar, PubMed, MDPI, and Scopus. Our findings indicate that both radiomics and radiogenomics have been successfully applied aggressively to several oncology applications with numerous advantages. Furthermore, under the AI paradigm, both the conventional and deep radiomics features have made an impact on the favorable outcomes of the radiogenomics approach of BTC. Furthermore, risk-of-bias (RoB) analysis offers a better understanding of the architectures with stronger benefits of AI by providing the bias involved in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Jena
- Department of CSE, International Institute of Information Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Sanjay Saxena
- Department of CSE, International Institute of Information Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Gopal Krishna Nayak
- Department of CSE, International Institute of Information Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | | | - Neha Gupta
- Department of IT, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi 110056, India
| | - Narinder N. Khanna
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - John R. Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health St. Helena, St. Helena, CA 94574, USA
| | - Manudeep K. Kalra
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mostafa M. Fouda
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, AOU, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jasjit S. Suri
- Stroke Diagnosis and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA 95661, USA
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23
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Hermawan A, Wulandari F, Hanif N, Utomo RY, Jenie RI, Ikawati M, Tafrihani AS. Identification of potential targets of the curcumin analog CCA-1.1 for glioblastoma treatment : integrated computational analysis and in vitro study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13928. [PMID: 35977996 PMCID: PMC9385707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18348-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is challenging owing to its localization in the brain, the limited capacity of brain cells to repair, resistance to conventional therapy, and its aggressiveness. Curcumin has anticancer activity against aggressive cancers, such as leukemia, and GBM; however, its application is limited by its low solubility and bioavailability. Chemoprevention curcumin analog 1.1 (CCA-1.1), a curcumin analog, has better solubility and stability than those of curcumin. In this study, we explored potential targets of CCA-1.1 in GBM (PTCGs) by an integrated computational analysis and in vitro study. Predicted targets of CCA-1.1 obtained using various databases were subjected to comprehensive downstream analyses, including functional annotation, disease and drug association analyses, protein–protein interaction network analyses, analyses of genetic alterations, expression, and associations with survival and immune cell infiltration. Our integrative bioinformatics analysis revealed four candidate targets of CCA-1.1 in GBM: TP53, EGFR, AKT1, and CASP3. In addition to targeting specific proteins with regulatory effects in GBM, CCA-1.1 has the capacity to modulate the immunological milieu. Cytotoxicity of CCA-1.1 was lower than TMZ with an IC50 value of 9.8 μM compared to TMZ with an IC50 of 40 μM. mRNA sequencing revealed EGFR transcript variant 8 was upregulated, whereas EGFRvIII was downregulated in U87 cells after treatment with CCA-1.1. Furthermore, a molecular docking analysis suggested that CCA-1.1 inhibits EGFR with various mutations in GBM, which was confirmed using molecular dynamics simulation, wherein the binding between CCA-1.1 with the mutant EGFR L861Q was stable. For successful clinical translation, the effects of CCA-1.1 need to be confirmed in laboratory studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hermawan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia. .,Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Febri Wulandari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Naufa Hanif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rohmad Yudi Utomo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Riris Istighfari Jenie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.,Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muthi Ikawati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.,Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Syauqy Tafrihani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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24
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Vieira P, Jesus V, Cândido MA, Pacheco-Soares C, Castilho M, Raniero L. Specific nanomarkers fluorescence in vitro analysis for EGFR overexpressed cells in triple-negative breast cancer and malign glioblastoma. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102997. [PMID: 35781094 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR receptor) is encoded by the EGFR gene. EGFR receptor signaling pathways are activated by EGF protein, regulating cell actions. Overexpression of EGFR receptor may be linked to malignancies with a poor prognosis. As a result, EGFR receptor is being studied for a variety of tumor diagnostics, spurring the development of innovative approaches to increase quality and efficiency. Nanomaterials can recognize cancer cells by specifically targeting of molecular pathways, underscoring the importance of nanomedicine. In this study, we synthesized EGFR-specific nanomarkers by functionalizing EGF protein and Chlorin e6 in gold nanoparticles. These nanoparticles use active targeting to deliver EGF protein to EGFR receptor, and Chlorin e6 serves as a fluorescent marker molecule METHODS: : Nanomarkers were examined in vitro in MDA-MB-468 and M059J cell lines. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry were used to examine the distribution, uptake, internalization, and fluorescence intensity of nanomarkers in vitro RESULTS: : The results show that both lines examined accumulate nanomarkers. However, MDA-MB-468 had the highest intensity due to its EGFR receptor overexpression properties CONCLUSION: : The findings point to ideal properties for detecting EGFR receptor overexpressed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Vieira
- Nanosensors Laboratory, Research & Development Institute, Vale do Paraíba University, 12244-000, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Viviane Jesus
- Nanosensors Laboratory, Research & Development Institute, Vale do Paraíba University, 12244-000, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Aparecida Cândido
- Nanosensors Laboratory, Research & Development Institute, Vale do Paraíba University, 12244-000, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Pacheco-Soares
- Dynamics of Cellular Compartments Laboratory, Research & Development Institute, Vale do Paraíba University, 12244-000, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maiara Castilho
- Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Research & Development Institute, Vale do Paraíba University, 12244-000, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Raniero
- Nanosensors Laboratory, Research & Development Institute, Vale do Paraíba University, 12244-000, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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25
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A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061283. [PMID: 35745855 PMCID: PMC9229021 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of brain drug delivery is reviewed beginning with the first demonstration, in 1914, that a drug for syphilis, salvarsan, did not enter the brain, due to the presence of a blood-brain barrier (BBB). Owing to restricted transport across the BBB, FDA-approved drugs for the CNS have been generally limited to lipid-soluble small molecules. Drugs that do not cross the BBB can be re-engineered for transport on endogenous BBB carrier-mediated transport and receptor-mediated transport systems, which were identified during the 1970s-1980s. By the 1990s, a multitude of brain drug delivery technologies emerged, including trans-cranial delivery, CSF delivery, BBB disruption, lipid carriers, prodrugs, stem cells, exosomes, nanoparticles, gene therapy, and biologics. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain drug delivery technologies are critically reviewed.
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26
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Shrivastava R, Gandhi P, Gothalwal R. The road-map for establishment of a prognostic molecular marker panel in glioma using liquid biopsy: current status and future directions. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1702-1714. [PMID: 35653004 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are primary intracranial tumors with defined molecular markers available for precise diagnosis. The prognosis of glioma is bleak as there is an overlook of the dynamic crosstalk between tumor cells and components of the microenvironment. Herein, different phases of gliomagenesis are presented with reference to the role and involvement of secreted proteomic markers at various stages of tumor initiation and development. The secreted markers of inflammatory response, namely interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-ϒ, and kynurenine, proliferation markers human telomerase reverse transcriptase and microtubule-associated-protein-Tau, and stemness marker human-mobility-group-AThook-1 are involved in glial tumor initiation and growth. Further, hypoxia and angiogenic factors, heat-shock-protein-70, endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor play a major role in promoting vascularization and tumor volume expansion. Eventually, molecules such as matrix-metalloprotease-7 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 contribute to the degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, ultimately leading to glioma progression. Our study delineates the roadmap to develop and evaluate a non-invasive panel of secreted biomarkers using liquid biopsy for precisely evaluating disease progression, to accomplish a clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Shrivastava
- Department of Research, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Raisen Bypass Road, Bhopal, M.P., 462038, India
| | - Puneet Gandhi
- Department of Research, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Raisen Bypass Road, Bhopal, M.P., 462038, India.
| | - Ragini Gothalwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P., 462026, India
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27
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Khabibov M, Garifullin A, Boumber Y, Khaddour K, Fernandez M, Khamitov F, Khalikova L, Kuznetsova N, Kit O, Kharin L. Signaling pathways and therapeutic approaches in glioblastoma multiforme (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 60:69. [PMID: 35445737 PMCID: PMC9084550 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor and is associated with a poor clinical prognosis. Despite the progress in the understanding of the molecular and genetic changes that promote tumorigenesis, effective treatment options are limited. The present review intended to identify and summarize major signaling pathways and genetic abnormalities involved in the pathogenesis of GBM, as well as therapies that target these pathways. Glioblastoma remains a difficult to treat tumor; however, in the last two decades, significant improvements in the understanding of GBM biology have enabled advances in available therapeutics. Significant genomic events and signaling pathway disruptions (NF‑κB, Wnt, PI3K/AKT/mTOR) involved in the formation of GBM were discussed. Current therapeutic options may only marginally prolong survival and the current standard of therapy cures only a small fraction of patients. As a result, there is an unmet requirement for further study into the processes of glioblastoma pathogenesis and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets in novel signaling pathways implicated in the evolution of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsel Khabibov
- Department of Oncology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Airat Garifullin
- Department of Histology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Division of Hematology/Oncology at The Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Karam Khaddour
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Manuel Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Firat Khamitov
- Department of Histology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Larisa Khalikova
- Department of Histology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Natalia Kuznetsova
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 344037 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Oleg Kit
- Abdominal Oncology Department, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 344037 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Leonid Kharin
- Abdominal Oncology Department, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 344037 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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28
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Pal R, Hom M, van den Berg NS, Lwin TM, Lee YJ, Prilutskiy A, Faquin W, Yang E, Saladi SV, Varvares MA, Rosenthal EL, Kumar ATN. First Clinical Results of Fluorescence Lifetime-enhanced Tumor Imaging Using Receptor-targeted Fluorescent Probes. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:2373-2384. [PMID: 35302604 PMCID: PMC9167767 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fluorescence molecular imaging, using cancer-targeted near infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes, offers the promise of accurate tumor delineation during surgeries and the detection of cancer specific molecular expression in vivo. However, nonspecific probe accumulation in normal tissue results in poor tumor fluorescence contrast, precluding widespread clinical adoption of novel imaging agents. Here we present the first clinical evidence that fluorescence lifetime (FLT) imaging can provide tumor specificity at the cellular level in patients systemically injected with panitumumab-IRDye800CW, an EGFR-targeted NIR fluorescent probe. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed wide-field and microscopic FLT imaging of resection specimens from patients injected with panitumumab-IRDye800CW under an FDA directed clinical trial. RESULTS We show that the FLT within EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells is significantly longer than the FLT of normal tissue, providing high sensitivity (>98%) and specificity (>98%) for tumor versus normal tissue classification, despite the presence of significant nonspecific probe accumulation. We further show microscopic evidence that the mean tissue FLT is spatially correlated (r > 0.85) with tumor-specific EGFR expression in tissue and is consistent across multiple patients. These tumor cell-specific FLT changes can be detected through thick biological tissue, allowing highly specific tumor detection and noninvasive monitoring of tumor EFGR expression in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that FLT imaging is a promising approach for enhancing tumor contrast using an antibody-targeted NIR probe with a proven safety profile in humans, suggesting a strong potential for clinical applications in image guided surgery, cancer diagnostics, and staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Pal
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13 Street, Building 149, Charlestown MA 02129
| | - Marisa Hom
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN 37232
| | | | - Thinzar M Lwin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston MA
| | - Yu-Jin Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 900 Blake Wilbur Drive, Stanford CA
| | - Andrey Prilutskiy
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI
| | - William Faquin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston MA
| | - Eric Yang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 900 Blake Wilbur Drive, Stanford CA
| | - Srinivas V. Saladi
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston MA
| | - Mark A. Varvares
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston MA
| | - Eben L. Rosenthal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Anand T. N. Kumar
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13 Street, Building 149, Charlestown MA 02129
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Folic acid conjugated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer as a smart nanocarriers for tracing, imaging, and treating cancers over-expressing folate receptors. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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30
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Owen S, Alken S, Alshami J, Guiot MC, Kavan P, Reardon DA, Muanza T, Gibson N, Pemberton K, Solca F, Cseh A, Saran F. Genomic Analysis of Tumors from Patients with Glioblastoma with Long-Term Response to Afatinib. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:367-380. [PMID: 35422631 PMCID: PMC9005142 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s346725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of central nervous system tumor. Recurrence rates following primary therapy are high, and few second-line treatment options provide durable clinical benefit. Aberrations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene are observed in up to 57% of glioblastoma cases and EGFR overexpression has been identified in approximately 60% of primary glioblastomas. In preclinical studies, afatinib, a second-generation ErbB blocker, inhibited cell proliferation in cells harboring mutations commonly found in glioblastoma. In two previous Phase I/II studies of afatinib plus temozolomide in patients with glioblastoma, limited efficacy was observed; however, there was notable benefit in patients with the EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) mutation, EGFR amplification, and those with loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). This case series report details treatment histories of three long-term responders from these trials. Next-generation sequencing of tumor samples identified alterations in a number of cancer-related genes, including mutations in, and amplification of, EGFR. Tumor samples from all three patients shared favorable prognostic factors, eg O6-methylguanine-DNA methyl-transferase (MGMT) gene promoter methylation; however, negative prognostic factors were also observed, suggesting that these shared genetic features did not completely account for the favorable responses. The genetic profile of the tumor from Patient 1 showed clear differences from the other two tumors: lack of involvement of EGFR aberrations but with a mutation occurring in PTPN11. Preclinical studies showed that single-agent afatinib and temozolomide both separately inhibit the growth of tumors with a C-terminal EGFR truncation, thus providing further rationale for combining these two agents in the treatment of glioblastomas harboring EGFR aberrations. These findings suggest that afatinib may provide treatment benefit in patients with glioblastomas that harbor ErbB family aberrations and, potentially, other genetic aberrations. Further studies are needed to establish which patients with newly diagnosed/recurrent glioblastomas may potentially benefit from treatment with afatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Owen
- Clinical Research Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Scheryll Alken
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jad Alshami
- Clinical Research Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Guiot
- Clinical Research Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
- Neuropathology Division, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Petr Kavan
- Clinical Research Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - David A Reardon
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thierry Muanza
- Clinical Research Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
- Neuropathology Division, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
- Radiation Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Neil Gibson
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Flavio Solca
- Department of Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Agnieszka Cseh
- Department of Medical Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim International, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Frank Saran
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Blood and Cancer, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Correspondence: Frank Saran, Auckland City Hospital, Cancer and Blood Service, Building 8, 99 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand, Tel +64 09 623 6046, Email
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Chen Y, Gibson SB. Tumor Suppressing Subtransferable Candidate 4 Expression Prevents Autophagy-Induced Cell Death Following Temozolomide Treatment in Glioblastoma Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:823251. [PMID: 35309946 PMCID: PMC8926073 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.823251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of brain cancer in adults, with temozolomide (TMZ) being widely used as the standard chemotherapy drug for its treatment. However, GBM frequently becomes resistant to TMZ treatment due to various mechanisms including amplification and mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), where EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) is the most common EGFR mutation. Autophagy (macroautophagy) is an intracellular “self-degradation” process involving the lysosome. It mainly plays a pro-cell survival role contributing to drug resistance in cancers including GBM, but, under some conditions, it can induce cell death called autophagy-induced cell death (AuICD). We recently published that TSSC4 (tumor suppressing subtransferable candidate 4) is a novel tumor suppressor and a novel autophagy inhibitor that inhibits cancer cell growth through its interacting with the autophagy protein LC3. In this brief research report, we demonstrate that cell death induced by TMZ in GBM cells is inhibited by overexpression of TSSC4. TSSC4 overexpression also prevents TMZ-induced autophagy but not when TSSC4 is mutated in its conserved LC3-interacting region. When EGFRvIII was expressed in GBM cells, TSSC4 protein was increased and TMZ-induced cell death was decreased. Knockout of TSSC4 in EGFRvIII-expressing GBM cells increased TMZ-induced autophagy and cell death. This cell death was decreased by autophagy inhibition, suggesting that TSSC4 downregulation promotes TMZ-induced AuICD. This indicates that TSSC4 is a novel target to sensitize GBM cells to TMZ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Chen
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Spencer B Gibson
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Nanamiya R, Takei J, Ohishi T, Asano T, Tanaka T, Sano M, Nakamura T, Yanaka M, Handa S, Tateyama N, Harigae Y, Saito M, Suzuki H, Kawada M, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Defucosylated Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody (134-mG 2a-f) Exerts Antitumor Activities in Mouse Xenograft Models of Canine Osteosarcoma. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:1-7. [PMID: 35225663 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein. Although EGFR is physiologically essential in normal cells, it contributes to tumor malignancy through gene amplification and/or protein overexpression, which augment signaling cascades in tumor cells. We previously developed an anti-human EGFR (hEGFR) monoclonal antibody (mAb), EMab-134 (mouse IgG1, kappa), which detects hEGFR and dog EGFR (dEGFR) with high sensitivity and specificity. The mouse IgG2a version of EMab-134 (134-mG2a) has antitumor effects toward mouse xenografts of hEGFR-expressing oral squamous cell carcinomas. Furthermore, 134-mG2a-f, the defucosylated version of 134-mG2a, exhibits antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) in dEGFR-overexpressed CHO-K1 (CHO/dEGFR) cells and antitumor activities in mouse xenografts of CHO/dEGFR cells. Herein, the reactivity of 134-mG2a-f against canine cancer cells with endogenous dEGFR was first examined by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. In vitro analysis demonstrated that 134-mG2a-f highly exerted ADCC and CDC for a canine osteosarcoma cell line, D-17, which expresses endogenous dEGFR. Moreover, in vivo administration of 134-mG2a-f significantly suppressed the development of D-17 compared with the results in response to control mouse IgG. These results suggest that 134-mG2a-f exerts antitumor effects against dEGFR-expressing canine cancers, and could be valuable as part of an antibody treatment regimen for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Nanamiya
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu-shi, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Saori Handa
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nami Tateyama
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Harigae
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawada
- Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu-shi, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Scavenger receptor class F member 2 (SCARF2) as a novel therapeutic target in glioblastoma. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:249-256. [PMID: 35419275 PMCID: PMC8960497 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-022-00125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class F member 2 (SCARF2) is expressed by endothelial cells with very large cytoplasmic domains and is the second isotype, also known as scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells 2 (SREC-2). SREC-1 plays an important role in the binding and endocytosis of various endogenous and exogenous ligands. Many studies have been carried out on modified low-density lipoprotein internalization activity, but there have been few studies on SCARF2. Higher expression of SCARF2 has been found in glioblastoma (GBM) than normal brain tissue. Through analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database, it was confirmed that SCARF2 is widely expressed in GBM, and increased SCARF2 expression correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with glioma. The results of this study showed that the expression of SCARF2 is increased in GBM cell lines and patients, suggesting that SCARF2 may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic molecule for cancers including glioma.
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Kim MJ, Kawk HW, Kim SH, Lee HJ, Seo JW, Lee CY, Kim YM. The p53-Driven Anticancer Effect of Ribes fasciculatum Extract on AGS Gastric Cancer Cells. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020303. [PMID: 35207590 PMCID: PMC8876336 DOI: 10.3390/life12020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is directly related to the survival rate of cancer patients. Although cancer metastasis proceeds by the movement of cancer cells, it is fundamentally caused by its resistance to anoikis, a mechanism of apoptosis caused by the loss of adhesion of cancer cells. Therefore, it was found that inhibiting cancer migration and reducing anoikis resistance are important for cancer suppression, and natural compounds can effectively control it. Among them, Ribes fasciculatum, which has been used as a medicinal plant, was confirmed to have anticancer potential, and experiments were conducted to prove various anticancer effects by extracting Ribes fasciculatum (RFE). Through various experiments, it was observed that RFE induces apoptosis of AGS gastric cancer cells, arrests the cell cycle, induces oxidative stress, and reduces mobility. It was also demonstrated that anoikis resistance was attenuated through the downregulation of proteins, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Moreover, the anticancer effect of RFE depends upon the increase in p53 expression, suggesting that RFE is suitable for the development of p53-targeted anticancer materials. Moreover, through xenotransplantation, it was found that the anticancer effect of RFE confirmed in vitro was continued in vivo.
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Moresi F, Rossetti DV, Vincenzoni F, Simboli GA, La Rocca G, Olivi A, Urbani A, Sabatino G, Desiderio C. Investigating Glioblastoma Multiforme Sub-Proteomes: A Computational Study of CUSA Fluid Proteomic Data. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042058. [PMID: 35216175 PMCID: PMC8879425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on our previous proteomic study on Cavitating Ultrasound Aspirator (CUSA) fluid pools of Newly Diagnosed (ND) and Recurrent (R) glioblastomas (GBMs) of tumor core and periphery, as defined by 5-aminolevulinc acid (5-ALA) metabolite fluorescence, this work aims to apply a bioinformatic approach to investigate specifically into three sub-proteomes, i.e., Not Detected in Brain (NB), Cancer Related (CR) and Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) proteins following selected database classification. The study of these yet unexplored specific datasets aims to understand the high infiltration capability and relapse rate that characterizes this aggressive brain cancer. Out of the 587 proteins highly confidently identified in GBM CUSA pools, 53 proteins were classified as NB. Their gene ontology (GO) analysis showed the over-representation of blood coagulation and plasminogen activating cascade pathways, possibly compatible with Blood Brain Barrier damage in tumor disease and surgery bleeding. However, the NB group also included non-blood proteins and, specifically, histones correlated with oncogenesis. Concerning CR proteins, 159 proteins were found in the characterized GBM proteome. Their GO analysis highlighted the over-representation of many pathways, primarily glycolysis. Interestingly, while CR proteins were identified in ND-GBM exclusively in the tumor zones (fluorescence positive core and periphery zones) as predictable, conversely, in R-GBM they were unexpectedly characterized prevalently in the healthy zone (fluorescence negative tumor periphery). Relative to EVs protein classification, 60 proteins were found. EVs are over-released in tumor disease and are important in the transport of biological macromolecules. Furthermore, the presence of EVs in numerous body fluids makes them a possible low-invasive source of brain tumor biomarkers to be investigated. These results give new hints on the molecular features of GBM in trying to understand its aggressive behavior and open to more in-depth investigations to disclose potential disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Moresi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy; (F.M.); (G.L.R.); (G.S.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.V.); (A.U.)
| | - Diana Valeria Rossetti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Vincenzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.V.); (A.U.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Giorgia Antonia Simboli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Rocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy; (F.M.); (G.L.R.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Olivi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.V.); (A.U.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Giovanni Sabatino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy; (F.M.); (G.L.R.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.S.); (A.O.)
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Desiderio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Guha A, Waris S, Nabors LB, Filippova N, Gorospe M, Kwan T, King PH. The versatile role of HuR in Glioblastoma and its potential as a therapeutic target for a multi-pronged attack. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114082. [PMID: 34923029 PMCID: PMC8916685 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant and aggressive brain tumor with a median survival of ∼15 months. Resistance to treatment arises from the extensive cellular and molecular heterogeneity in the three major components: glioma tumor cells, glioma stem cells, and tumor-associated microglia and macrophages. Within this triad, there is a complex network of intrinsic and secreted factors that promote classic hallmarks of cancer, including angiogenesis, resistance to cell death, proliferation, and immune evasion. A regulatory node connecting these diverse pathways is at the posttranscriptional level as mRNAs encoding many of the key drivers contain adenine- and uridine rich elements (ARE) in the 3' untranslated region. Human antigen R (HuR) binds to ARE-bearing mRNAs and is a major positive regulator at this level. This review focuses on basic concepts of ARE-mediated RNA regulation and how targeting HuR with small molecule inhibitors represents a plausible strategy for a multi-pronged therapeutic attack on GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Guha
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Saboora Waris
- Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, PIMS, G-8, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Louis B Nabors
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Natalia Filippova
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Thaddaeus Kwan
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
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Chen K, Si Y, Guan JS, Zhou Z, Kim S, Kim T, Shan L, Willey CD, Zhou L, Liu X. Targeted Extracellular Vesicles Delivered Verrucarin A to Treat Glioblastoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:130. [PMID: 35052809 PMCID: PMC8773723 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas, accounting for approximately 50% of gliomas, comprise the most aggressive, highly heterogeneous, and malignant brain tumors. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a new targeted therapy, i.e., highly potent natural compound verrucarin A (Ver-A), delivered with monoclonal antibody-directed extracellular vesicle (mAb-EV). First, the high surface expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in glioblastoma patient tissue and cell lines was confirmed using immunohistochemistry staining, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. mAb-EV-Ver-A was constructed by packing Ver-A and tagging anti-EGFR mAb to EV generated from HEK293F culture. Confocal microscopy and the In Vivo Imaging System demonstrated that mAb-EV could penetrate the blood-brain barrier, target intracranial glioblastoma xenografts, and deliver drug intracellularly. The in vitro cytotoxicity study showed IC50 values of 2-12 nM of Ver-A. The hematoxylin and eosin staining of major organs in the tolerated dose study indicated minimal systemic toxicity of mAb-EV-Ver-A. Finally, the in vivo anti-tumor efficacy study in intracranial xenograft models demonstrated that EGFR mAb-EV-Ver-A effectively inhibited glioblastoma growth, but the combination with VEGF mAb did not improve the therapeutic efficacy. This study suggested that mAb-EV is an effective drug delivery vehicle and natural Ver-A has great potential to treat glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (K.C.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yingnan Si
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (K.C.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jia-Shiung Guan
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.-S.G.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Zhuoxin Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (K.C.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Seulhee Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.-S.G.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.-S.G.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Liang Shan
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1701 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Christopher D. Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Lufang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.-S.G.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (K.C.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
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Li G, Ohishi T, Kaneko MK, Takei J, Mizuno T, Kawada M, Saito M, Suzuki H, Kato Y. Defucosylated Mouse-Dog Chimeric Anti-EGFR Antibody Exerts Antitumor Activities in Mouse Xenograft Models of Canine Tumors. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123599. [PMID: 34944112 PMCID: PMC8700185 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) contributes to tumor malignancy via gene amplification and protein overexpression. Previously, we developed an anti-human EGFR (hEGFR) monoclonal antibody, namely EMab-134, which detects hEGFR and dog EGFR (dEGFR) with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we produced a defucosylated mouse–dog chimeric anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, namely E134Bf. In vitro analysis revealed that E134Bf highly exerted antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against a canine osteosarcoma cell line (D-17) and a canine fibroblastic cell line (A-72), both of which express endogenous dEGFR. Moreover, in vivo administration of E134Bf significantly suppressed the development of D-17 and A-72 compared with the control dog IgG in mouse xenografts. These results indicate that E134Bf exerts antitumor effects against dEGFR-expressing canine cancers and could be valuable as part of an antibody treatment regimen for dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu-shi 410-0301, Japan;
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +81-55-924-0601 (T.O.); +81-22-717-8207 (Y.K.)
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan;
| | - Manabu Kawada
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu-shi 410-0301, Japan;
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +81-55-924-0601 (T.O.); +81-22-717-8207 (Y.K.)
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Reséndiz-Castillo LJ, Minjarez B, Reza-Zaldívar EE, Hernández-Sapiéns MA, Gutiérrez-Mercado YK, Canales-Aguirre AA. The effects of altered neurogenic microRNA levels and their involvement in the aggressiveness of periventricular glioblastoma. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2021; 37:781-793. [PMID: 34810139 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common primary brain tumour, with the least favourable prognosis. Despite numerous studies and medical advances, it continues to be lethal, with an average life expectancy of 15 months after chemo-radiotherapy. DEVELOPMENT Recent research has addressed several factors associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of glioblastoma; one significant factor is tumour localisation, particularly the subventricular zone, which represents one of the most active neurogenic niches of the adult human brain. Glioblastomas in this area are generally more aggressive, resulting in unfavourable prognosis and a shorter life expectancy. Currently, the research into microRNAs (miRNA) has intensified, revealing different expression patterns under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. It has been reported that the expression levels of certain miRNAs, mainly those related to neurogenic processes, are dysregulated in oncogenic events, thus favouring gliomagenesis and greater tumour aggressiveness. This review discusses some of the most important miRNAs involved in subventricular neurogenic processes and their association with glioblastoma aggressiveness. CONCLUSIONS MiRNA regulation and function play an important role in the development and progression of glioblastoma; understanding the alterations of certain miRNAs involved in both differentiation and neural and glial maturation could help us to better understand the malignant characteristics of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Reséndiz-Castillo
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - B Minjarez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias (CUCBA), Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - E E Reza-Zaldívar
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - M A Hernández-Sapiéns
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Y K Gutiérrez-Mercado
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - A A Canales-Aguirre
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Unidad de Evaluación Preclínica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Soares LC, Al-Dalahmah O, Hillis J, Young CC, Asbed I, Sakaguchi M, O’Neill E, Szele FG. Novel Galectin-3 Roles in Neurogenesis, Inflammation and Neurological Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:3047. [PMID: 34831271 PMCID: PMC8618878 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an evolutionarily conserved and multifunctional protein that drives inflammation in disease. Gal-3's role in the central nervous system has been less studied than in the immune system. However, recent studies show it exacerbates Alzheimer's disease and is upregulated in a large variety of brain injuries, while loss of Gal-3 function can diminish symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Several novel molecular pathways for Gal-3 were recently uncovered. It is a natural ligand for TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells), TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4), and IR (insulin receptor). Gal-3 regulates a number of pathways including stimulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and modulating Wnt signalling in a context-dependent manner. Gal-3 typically acts in pathology but is now known to affect subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenesis and gliogenesis in the healthy brain. Despite its myriad interactors, Gal-3 has surprisingly specific and important functions in regulating SVZ neurogenesis in disease. Gal-1, a similar lectin often co-expressed with Gal-3, also has profound effects on brain pathology and adult neurogenesis. Remarkably, Gal-3's carbohydrate recognition domain bears structural similarity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein necessary for cell entry. Gal-3 can be targeted pharmacologically and is a valid target for several diseases involving brain inflammation. The wealth of molecular pathways now known further suggest its modulation could be therapeutically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana C. Soares
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; (L.C.S.); (I.A.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
| | - Osama Al-Dalahmah
- Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - James Hillis
- Massachusets General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Christopher C. Young
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA;
| | - Isaiah Asbed
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; (L.C.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Masanori Sakaguchi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan;
| | - Eric O’Neill
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
| | - Francis G. Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; (L.C.S.); (I.A.)
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41
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McNulty SN, Schwetye KE, Ferguson C, Storer CE, Ansstas G, Kim AH, Gutmann DH, Rubin JB, Head RD, Dahiya S. BRAF mutations may identify a clinically distinct subset of glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19999. [PMID: 34625582 PMCID: PMC8501013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Prior studies examining the mutational landscape of GBM revealed recurrent alterations in genes that regulate the same growth control pathways. To this regard, ~ 40% of GBM harbor EGFR alterations, whereas BRAF variants are rare. Existing data suggests that gain-of-function mutations in these genes are mutually exclusive. This study was designed to explore the clinical, pathological, and molecular differences between EGFR- and BRAF-mutated GBM. We reviewed retrospective clinical data from 89 GBM patients referred for molecular testing between November 2012 and December 2015. Differences in tumor mutational profile, location, histology, and survival outcomes were compared in patients with EGFR- versus BRAF-mutated tumors, and microarray data from The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to assess differential gene expression between the groups. Individuals with BRAF-mutant tumors were typically younger and survived longer relative to those with EGFR-mutant tumors, even in the absence of targeted treatments. BRAF-mutant tumors lacked distinct histomorphology but exhibited unique localization in the brain, typically arising adjacent to the lateral ventricles. Compared to EGFR- and IDH1-mutant tumors, BRAF-mutant tumors showed increased expression of genes related to a trophoblast-like phenotype, specifically HLA-G and pregnancy specific glycoproteins, that have been implicated in invasion and immune evasion. Taken together, these observations suggest a distinct clinical presentation, brain location, and gene expression profile for BRAF-mutant tumors. Pending further study, this may prove useful in the stratification and management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha N McNulty
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Katherine E Schwetye
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Cole Ferguson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Chad E Storer
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - George Ansstas
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Albert H Kim
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard D Head
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Sonika Dahiya
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Abstract
Amongst the several types of brain cancers known to humankind, glioma is one of the most severe and life-threatening types of cancer, comprising 40% of all primary brain tumors. Recent reports have shown the incident rate of gliomas to be 6 per 100,000 individuals per year globally. Despite the various therapeutics used in the treatment of glioma, patient survival rate remains at a median of 15 months after undergoing first-line treatment including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy with Temozolomide. As such, the discovery of newer and more effective therapeutic agents is imperative for patient survival rate. The advent of computer-aided drug design in the development of drug discovery has emerged as a powerful means to ascertain potential hit compounds with distinctively high therapeutic effectiveness against glioma. This review encompasses the recent advances of bio-computational in-silico modeling that have elicited the discovery of small molecule inhibitors and/or drugs against various therapeutic targets in glioma. The relevant information provided in this report will assist researchers, especially in the drug design domains, to develop more effective therapeutics against this global disease.
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43
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Ding F, Chen P, Bie P, Piao W, Cheng Q. HOXA5 Is Recognized as a Prognostic-Related Biomarker and Promotes Glioma Progression Through Affecting Cell Cycle. Front Oncol 2021; 11:633430. [PMID: 34485110 PMCID: PMC8416157 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.633430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is malignant tumor derives from glial cells in the central nervous system. High-grade glioma shows aggressive growth pattern, and conventional treatments, such as surgical removal and chemo-radiotherapy, archive limitation in the interference of this process. In this work, HOXA5, from the HOX family, was identified as a glioma cell proliferation-associated factor by investigating its feature in the TCGA and CGGA data set. High HOXA5 expression samples contain unfavorable clinical features of glioma, including IDH wild type, un-methylated MGMT status, non-codeletion 1p19q status, malignant molecular subtype. Survival analysis indicates that high HOXA5 expression samples are associated with worse clinical outcome. The CNVs and SNPs profile difference further confirmed the enrichment of glioma aggressive related biomarkers. In the meantime, the activation of DNA damage repair-related pathways and TP53-related pathways is also related to HOXA5 expression. In cell lines, U87MG and U251, by interfering HOXA5 expression significantly inhibit glioma progression and apoptosis, and cell cycle is arrested at the G2/M phase. Collectively, increased HOXA5 expression can promote glioma progression via affecting glioma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Medical Experiment Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Pengfei Bie
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenhua Piao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy Center for Glioma of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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44
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Specificity, Safety, Efficacy of EGFRvIII-Retargeted Oncolytic HSV for Xenotransplanted Human Glioblastoma. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091677. [PMID: 34578259 PMCID: PMC8473268 DOI: 10.3390/v13091677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a lethal primary brain tumor lacking effective therapy. The secluded onset site, combined with the infiltrative properties of this tumor, require novel targeted therapies. In this scenario, the use of oncolytic viruses retargeted to glioblastoma cells and able to spread across the tumor cells represent an intriguing treatment strategy. Here, we tested the specificity, safety and efficacy of R-613, the first oncolytic HSV fully retargeted to EGFRvIII, a variant of the epidermal growth factor receptor carrying a mutation typically found in glioblastoma. An early treatment with R-613 on orthotopically transplanted EGFRvIII-expressing human glioblastoma significantly increased the median survival time of mice. In this setting, the growth of human glioblastoma xenotransplants was monitored by a secreted luciferase reporter and showed that R-613 is able to substantially delay the development of the tumor masses. When administered as late treatment to a well-established glioblastomas, R-613 appeared to be less effective. Notably the uninfected tumor cells derived from the explanted tumor masses were still susceptible to R-613 infection ex vivo, thus suggesting that multiple treatments could enhance R-613 therapeutic efficacy, making R-613 a promising oncolytic HSV candidate for glioblastoma treatment.
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Galijašević M, Steiger R, Radović I, Birkl-Toeglhofer AM, Birkl C, Deeg L, Mangesius S, Rietzler A, Regodić M, Stockhammer G, Freyschlag CF, Kerschbaumer J, Haybaeck J, Grams AE, Gizewski ER. Phosphorous Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Molecular Markers in IDH1 Wild Type Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143569. [PMID: 34298788 PMCID: PMC8305039 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gliobastoma is one of the deadliest tumors overall, yet the most common malignant brain tumor. The new World Health Organization Classification of Brain Tumors brought changes in how we look at this type of malignancy. Now we know that glioblastoma is rather a spectrum of similar tumors, but with some distinct characteristics that include molecular footprint, response to therapy and with that overall survival, among others. We hypothesised that by employing phosphorous magnetic resonance we will be able to show differences in cellular energy metabolism in these various subtypes of glioblastoma. For example, we found indices of faster cell reproduction and tumor growth in MGMT-methylated and EGFR-amplified tumors. These tumors also could have reduced energetic state or tissue oxygenation due to the increased necrosis. Tumors with EGFR-amplification could have increased apoptotic activity regardless of their MGMT status. Our study indicated various differences in energetic metabolism in tumors with different molecular characteristics, which could potentially be important in future therapeutic strategies. Abstract The World Health Organisation’s (WHO) classification of brain tumors requires consideration of both histological appearance and molecular characteristics. Possible differences in brain energy metabolism could be important in designing future therapeutic strategies. Forty-three patients with primary, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) wild type glioblastomas (GBMs) were included in this study. Pre-operative standard MRI was obtained with additional phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31-P-MRS) imaging. Following microsurgical resection of the tumors, biopsy specimens underwent neuropathological diagnostics including standard molecular diagnosis. The spectroscopy results were correlated with epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status. EGFR amplified tumors had significantly lower phosphocreatine (PCr) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-PCr/ATP and PCr to inorganic phosphate (Pi)-PCr/Pi ratios, and higher Pi/ATP and phosphomonoesters (PME) to phosphodiesters (PDE)-PME/PDE ratio than those without the amplification. Patients with MGMT-methylated tumors had significantly higher cerebral magnesium (Mg) values and PME/PDE ratio, while their PCr/ATP and PCr/Pi ratios were lower than in patients without the methylation. In survival analysis, not-EGFR-amplified, MGMT-methylated GBMs showed the longest survival. This group had lower PCr/Pi ratio when compared to MGMT-methylated, EGFR-amplified group. PCr/Pi ratio was lower also when compared to the MGMT-unmethylated, EGFR not-amplified group, while PCr/ATP ratio was lower than all other examined groups. Differences in energy metabolism in various molecular subtypes of wild-type-GBMs could be important information in future precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Galijašević
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
- Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ruth Steiger
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
- Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Ivan Radović
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
| | - Anna Maria Birkl-Toeglhofer
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (A.M.B.-T.); (J.H.)
| | - Christoph Birkl
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
- Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Deeg
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
| | - Stephanie Mangesius
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
- Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Rietzler
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
- Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Milovan Regodić
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Guenther Stockhammer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | | | - Johannes Kerschbaumer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (A.M.B.-T.); (J.H.)
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Astrid Ellen Grams
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
- Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elke Ruth Gizewski
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.B.); (L.D.); (S.M.); (A.R.); (A.E.G.); (E.R.G.)
- Neuroimaging Research Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Liu S, Liu J, Xie Y, Zhai T, Hinderer EW, Stromberg AJ, Vanderford NL, Kolesar JM, Moseley HNB, Chen L, Liu C, Wang C. MEScan: a powerful statistical framework for genome-scale mutual exclusivity analysis of cancer mutations. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:1189-1197. [PMID: 33165532 PMCID: PMC8189684 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Cancer somatic driver mutations associated with genes within a pathway often show a mutually exclusive pattern across a cohort of patients. This mutually exclusive mutational signal has been frequently used to distinguish driver from passenger mutations and to investigate relationships among driver mutations. Current methods for de novo discovery of mutually exclusive mutational patterns are limited because the heterogeneity in background mutation rate can confound mutational patterns, and the presence of highly mutated genes can lead to spurious patterns. In addition, most methods only focus on a limited number of pre-selected genes and are unable to perform genome-wide analysis due to computational inefficiency. RESULTS We introduce a statistical framework, MEScan, for accurate and efficient mutual exclusivity analysis at the genomic scale. Our framework contains a fast and powerful statistical test for mutual exclusivity with adjustment of the background mutation rate and impact of highly mutated genes, and a multi-step procedure for genome-wide screening with the control of false discovery rate. We demonstrate that MEScan more accurately identifies mutually exclusive gene sets than existing methods and is at least two orders of magnitude faster than most methods. By applying MEScan to data from four different cancer types and pan-cancer, we have identified several biologically meaningful mutually exclusive gene sets. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION MEScan is available as an R package at https://github.com/MarkeyBBSRF/MEScan. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Yanqi Xie
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Tingting Zhai
- Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Eugene W Hinderer
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Arnold J Stromberg
- Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Nathan L Vanderford
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jill M Kolesar
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hunter N B Moseley
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Chunming Liu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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47
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Lee SY, Yen IC, Lin JC, Chung MC, Liu WH. 4-Acetylantrocamol LT3 Inhibits Glioblastoma Cell Growth and Downregulates DNA Repair Enzyme O 6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:983-999. [PMID: 33827387 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly malignant brain tumor that is resistant to most clinical treatments. Novel therapeutic agents that are effective against GBM are required. Antrodia cinnamomea has shown antiproliferative effects in GBM cells. However, the exact mechanisms and bioactive components remain unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of 4-acetylantrocamol LT3 (4AALT3), a new ubiquinone from Antrodia cinnamomeamycelium, in vitro. U87 and U251 cell lines were treated with the indicated concentration of 4AALT3. Cell viability, cell colony-forming ability, migration, and the expression of proteins in well-known signaling pathways involved in the malignant properties of glioblastoma were then analyzed by CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and western blotting assays, respectively. We found that 4AALT3 significantly decreased cell viability, colony formation, and cell migration in both in vitro models. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Hippo/yes-associated protein (YAP), and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) pathways were suppressed by 4AALT3. Moreover, 4AALT3 decreased the level of DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and showed a synergistic effect with temozolomide. Our findings provide the basis for exploring the beneficial effect of 4AALT3 on GBM in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Chuan Yen
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Chun Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chieh Chung
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurological Surgery Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec. 2 Cheng-Kung Road Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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Kizilbash SH, Gupta SK, Parrish KE, Laramy JK, Kim M, Gampa G, Carlson BL, Bakken KK, Mladek AC, Schroeder MA, Decker PA, Elmquist WF, Sarkaria JN. In Vivo Efficacy of Tesevatinib in EGFR-Amplified Patient-Derived Xenograft Glioblastoma Models May Be Limited by Tissue Binding and Compensatory Signaling. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1009-1018. [PMID: 33785646 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tesevatinib is a potent oral brain penetrant EGFR inhibitor currently being evaluated for glioblastoma therapy. Tesevatinib distribution was assessed in wild-type (WT) and Mdr1a/b(-/-)Bcrp(-/-) triple knockout (TKO) FVB mice after dosing orally or via osmotic minipump; drug-tissue binding was assessed by rapid equilibrium dialysis. Two hours after tesevatinib dosing, brain concentrations in WT and TKO mice were 0.72 and 10.03 μg/g, respectively. Brain-to-plasma ratios (Kp) were 0.53 and 5.73, respectively. With intraperitoneal infusion, brain concentrations were 1.46 and 30.6 μg/g (Kp 1.16 and 25.10), respectively. The brain-to-plasma unbound drug concentration ratios were substantially lower (WT mice, 0.03-0.08; TKO mice, 0.40-1.75). Unbound drug concentrations in brains of WT mice were 0.78 to 1.59 ng/g. In vitro cytotoxicity and EGFR pathway signaling were evaluated using EGFR-amplified patient-derived glioblastoma xenograft models (GBM12, GBM6). In vivo pharmacodynamics and efficacy were assessed using athymic nude mice bearing either intracranial or flank tumors treated by oral gavage. Tesevatinib potently reduced cell viability [IC50 GBM12 = 11 nmol/L (5.5 ng/mL), GBM6 = 102 nmol/L] and suppressed EGFR signaling in vitro However, tesevatinib efficacy compared with vehicle in intracranial (GBM12, median survival: 23 vs. 18 days, P = 0.003) and flank models (GBM12, median time to outcome: 41 vs. 33 days, P = 0.007; GBM6, 44 vs. 33 days, P = 0.007) was modest and associated with partial inhibition of EGFR signaling. Overall, tesevatinib efficacy in EGFR-amplified PDX GBM models is robust in vitro but relatively modest in vivo, despite a high brain-to-plasma ratio. This discrepancy may be explained by drug-tissue binding and compensatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiv K Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Karen E Parrish
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Janice K Laramy
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Minjee Kim
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gautham Gampa
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Katrina K Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mark A Schroeder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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49
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Alves ALV, Gomes INF, Carloni AC, Rosa MN, da Silva LS, Evangelista AF, Reis RM, Silva VAO. Role of glioblastoma stem cells in cancer therapeutic resistance: a perspective on antineoplastic agents from natural sources and chemical derivatives. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:206. [PMID: 33762015 PMCID: PMC7992331 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the highest-grade form of glioma, as well as one of the most aggressive types of cancer, exhibiting rapid cellular growth and highly invasive behavior. Despite significant advances in diagnosis and therapy in recent decades, the outcomes for high-grade gliomas (WHO grades III-IV) remain unfavorable, with a median overall survival time of 15–18 months. The concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has emerged and provided new insight into GBM resistance and management. CSCs can self-renew and initiate tumor growth and are also responsible for tumor cell heterogeneity and the induction of systemic immunosuppression. The idea that GBM resistance could be dependent on innate differences in the sensitivity of clonogenic glial stem cells (GSCs) to chemotherapeutic drugs/radiation prompted the scientific community to rethink the understanding of GBM growth and therapies directed at eliminating these cells or modulating their stemness. This review aims to describe major intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that mediate chemoradioresistant GSCs and therapies based on antineoplastic agents from natural sources, derivatives, and synthetics used alone or in synergistic combination with conventional treatment. We will also address ongoing clinical trials focused on these promising targets. Although the development of effective therapy for GBM remains a major challenge in molecular oncology, GSC knowledge can offer new directions for a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura V Alves
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Izabela N F Gomes
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana C Carloni
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela N Rosa
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane S da Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriane F Evangelista
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909, Braga, Portugal
| | - Viviane Aline O Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, CEP 14784 400, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Nguyen HM, Saha D. The Current State of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus for Glioblastoma Treatment. Oncolytic Virother 2021; 10:1-27. [PMID: 33659221 PMCID: PMC7917312 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s268426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal primary malignant brain tumor with no current effective treatments. The recent emergence of immuno-virotherapy and FDA approval of T-VEC have generated a great expectation towards oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs) as a promising treatment option for GBM. Since the generation and testing of the first genetically engineered oHSV in glioma in the early 1990s, oHSV-based therapies have shown a long way of great progress in terms of anti-GBM efficacy and safety, both preclinically and clinically. Here, we revisit the literature to understand the recent advancement of oHSV in the treatment of GBM. In addition, we discuss current obstacles to oHSV-based therapies and possible strategies to overcome these pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-My Nguyen
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Abilene, TX, 79601, USA
| | - Dipongkor Saha
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Abilene, TX, 79601, USA
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