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Al-Sammarraie SHA, Ayaz-Güner Ş, Acar MB, Şimşek A, Sınıksaran BS, Bozalan HD, Özkan M, Saraymen R, Dündar M, Özcan S. Mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue prone to lose their stemness associated markers in obesity related stress conditions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19702. [PMID: 39181924 PMCID: PMC11344827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a health problem characterized by large expansion of adipose tissue. During this expansion, genotoxic stressors can be accumulated and negatively affect the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of adipose tissue. Due to the oxidative stress generated by these genotoxic stressors, senescence phenotype might be observed in adipose tissue MSCs. Senescent MSCs lose their proliferations and differentiation properties and secrete senescence-associated molecules to their niche thus triggering senescence for the rest of the tissue. Accumulation of senescent cells in adipose tissue results in decreased tissue regeneration and functional impairment not only in the close vicinity but also in the other tissues. Here we hypothesized that declined tissue regeneration might be associated with loss of stemness markers in MSCs population. We analyzed the expression of several stemness-associated genes of in vitro cultured MSCs originated from adipose tissue of high-fat diet and normal diet mice models. Since the heterogenous MSCs population covers a small percentage of the pluripotent stem cells, which have roles in proliferation and tissue regeneration, we measured the percentage of these cells via TRA-1-60 pluripotent state antigen. Additionally, by conducting a shotgun proteomic approach using LC-MS/MS, whole cell proteome of the adipose tissue MSCs of high-fat diet and normal diet mice were analyzed and identified proteins were evaluated via gene ontology and PPI network analysis. MSCs of obese mice showed senescent phenotype and altered cell cycle distribution due to a hostile environment with oxidative stress in adipose tissue where they reside. Additionally, the number of pluripotent markers expressing cells declined in the MSC population of the high-fat diet mice. Gene expression analysis evidenced the loss of stemness with a decrease in the expression of stemness-associated genes. Of the proteomic comparison of the normal and the high-fat diet group, MSCs revealed that stemness-associated molecules were decreased while inflammation and senescence-associated phenotypes emerged in obese mice MSCs. Our results showed us that the MSCs of adipose tissue may lose their stemness properties due to obesity-associated stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sura Hilal Ahmed Al-Sammarraie
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, GENKÖK, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Şerife Ayaz-Güner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Burak Acar
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, GENKÖK, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Şimşek
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, GENKÖK, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | | | - Miray Özkan
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, GENKÖK, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Recep Saraymen
- Department of Biochemistry, Private Tekden Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Munis Dündar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Servet Özcan
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, GENKÖK, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Seo JH, Ryu S, Cheon SY, Lee SJ, Won SJ, Yim CD, Lee HJ, Hah YS, Park JJ. Sirt6-Mediated Cell Death Associated with Sirt1 Suppression in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:387. [PMID: 38254877 PMCID: PMC10814469 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, is strongly associated with H. pylori infection, although other risk factors have been identified. The sirtuin (Sirt) family is involved in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer, and sirtuins can have pro- or anti-tumorigenic effects. METHODS After determining the overall survival rate of gastric cancer patients with or without Sirt6 expression, the effect of Sirt6 upregulation was also tested using a xenograft mouse model. The regulation of Sirt6 and Sirt1, leading to the induction of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), was mainly analyzed using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, and gastric cancer cell (SNU-638) death associated with these proteins was measured using flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS Sirt6 overexpression led to Sirt1 suppression in gastric cancer cells, resulting in a higher level of gastric cancer cell death in vitro and a reduced tumor volume. ROS and MDM2 expression levels were upregulated by Sirt6 overexpression and/or Sirt1 suppression according to Western blot analysis. The upregulated ROS ultimately led to gastric cancer cell death as determined via Western blot and flow cytometric analysis. CONCLUSION We found that the upregulation of Sirt6 suppressed Sirt1, and Sirt6- and Sirt1-induced gastric cancer cell death was mediated by ROS production. These findings highlight the potential of Sirt6 and Sirt1 as therapeutic targets for treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea;
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (C.D.Y.)
| | - Somi Ryu
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (C.D.Y.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Cheon
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong-Jun Lee
- Department of Convergence of Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Won
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (C.D.Y.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Dong Yim
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (C.D.Y.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sool Hah
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (C.D.Y.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung Je Park
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (C.D.Y.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea;
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Su BC, Xiao KM, Wang KL, Yang SF, Huang ZX, Luo JW. ATGL promotes colorectal cancer growth by regulating autophagy process and SIRT1 expression. Med Oncol 2023; 40:350. [PMID: 37935950 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02148-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
CRC is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract, and its incidence has increased significantly in recent years. Several studies revealed that lipid metabolism reprogramming contributed to tumorigenicity and malignancy by interfering with energy production, membrane formation, and signal transduction in cancers. ATGL is a kind of hydroxy fatty acid ester of fatty acid synthase, and its role in tumor remains controversial. We compared levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in human CRC specimens to adjacent specimens. To validate the effect of ATGL on the proliferation ability of CRC, CCK8 assay and clone formation assay were performed. To evaluate whether autophagy process takes part in the effect of ATGL on CRC proliferation, the value of LC3-II/LC3-I was detected by western blot and we blocked the SIRT1 to detect value of LC3-II/LC3-I and p62 via western blot. In the end, we detected the value of SIRT1 in CRC specimens. We found that ATGL showed high expression in CRC and positively correlated with clinical stage, indicating poor prognosis of CRC. Moreover, ATGL significantly promoted tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Mechanistically, ATGL promoted CRC cells proliferation by blocking mTOR signaling pathway and activating autophagy process. Further, ATGL regulated autophagy process through triggering SIRT1 expression. Our results reveal that ATGL promotes colorectal cancer growth by up regulating autophagy process and SIRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Chang Su
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Kang-Ming Xiao
- General Surgery Department, Guangzhou Zengcheng Xintang Hospital, Guangzhou, 511340, China
| | - Kang-Long Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Sheng-Fu Yang
- Department of Medical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Zhang-Xiong Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Ji-Wen Luo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Poniewierska-Baran A, Warias P, Zgutka K. Sirtuins (SIRTs) As a Novel Target in Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315119. [PMID: 36499440 PMCID: PMC9737976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a major health burden worldwide. Among all neoplasms, gastric cancer is the fifth most common and the third most deadly type of cancer. It is known that sirtuins (SIRTs), are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases regulating important metabolic pathways. High expression of SIRTs in the human body can regulate metabolic processes; they prevent inflammation but also resist cell death and aging processes. The seven members of this family enzymes can also play a fundamental role in process of carcinogenesis by influencing cell viability, apoptosis and metastasis. This review collects and discusses the role of all seven sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Poniewierska-Baran
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Paulina Warias
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zgutka
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
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Shiek SS, Mani MS, Kabekkodu SP, Dsouza HS. Health repercussions of environmental exposure to lead: Methylation perspective. Toxicology 2021; 461:152927. [PMID: 34492314 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure has been a major public health concern for a long time now due to its permanent adverse effects on the human body. The process of lead toxicity has still not been fully understood, but recent advances in Omics technology have enabled researchers to evaluate lead-mediated alterations at the epigenome-wide level. DNA methylation is one of the widely studied and well-understood epigenetic modifications. Pb has demonstrated its ability to induce not just acute deleterious health consequences but also alters the epi-genome such that the disease manifestation happens much later in life as supported by Barkers Hypothesis of the developmental origin of health and diseases. Furthermore, these alterations are passed on to the next generation. Based on previous in-vivo, in-vitro, and human studies, this review provides an insight into the role of Pb in the development of several human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Sadiq Shiek
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Monica Shirley Mani
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Herman S Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Mendelsohn AR, Larrick JW. Interacting NAD + and Cell Senescence Pathways Complicate Antiaging Therapies. Rejuvenation Res 2019; 22:261-266. [PMID: 31140365 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During human aging, decrease of NAD+ levels is associated with potentially reversible dysfunction in the liver, kidney, skeletal and cardiac muscle, endothelial cells, and neurons. At the same time, the number of senescent cells, associated with damage or stress that secretes proinflammatory factors (SASP or senescence-associated secretory phenotype), increases with age in many key tissues, including the kidneys, lungs, blood vessels, and brain. Senescent cells are believed to contribute to numerous age-associated pathologies and their elimination by senolytic regimens appears to help in numerous preclinical aging-associated disease models, including those for atherosclerosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, diabetes, and osteoarthritis. A recent report links these processes, such that decreased NAD+ levels associated with aging may attenuate the SASP potentially reducing its pathological effect. Conversely, increasing NAD+ levels by supplementation or genetic manipulation, which may benefit tissue homeostasis, also may worsen SASP and encourage tumorigenesis at least in mouse models of cancer. Taken together, these findings suggest a fundamental trade-off in treating aging-related diseases with drugs or supplements that increase NAD+. Even more interesting is a report that senescent cells can induce CD38 on macrophages and endothelial cells. In turn, increased CD38 expression is believed to be the key modulator of lowered NAD+ levels with aging in mammals. So, accumulation of senescent cells may itself be a root cause of decreased NAD+, which in turn could promote dysfunction. On the contrary, the lower NAD+ levels may attenuate SASP, decreasing the pathological influence of senescence. The elimination of most senescent cells by senolysis before initiating NAD+ therapies may be beneficial and increase safety, and in the best-case scenario reduce the need for NAD+ supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Mendelsohn
- 1 Panorama Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California.,2 Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California
| | - James W Larrick
- 1 Panorama Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California.,2 Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California
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Abstract
Significance: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) spans diverse roles in biology, serving as both an important redox cofactor in metabolism and a substrate for signaling enzymes that regulate protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). Critical Issues: Although the interactions between these different roles of NAD+ (and its reduced form NADH) have been considered, little attention has been paid to the role of compartmentation in these processes. Specifically, the role of NAD+ in metabolism is compartment specific (e.g., mitochondrial vs. cytosolic), affording a very different redox landscape for PTM-modulating enzymes such as sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases in different cell compartments. In addition, the orders of magnitude differences in expression levels between NAD+-dependent enzymes are often not considered when assuming the effects of bulk changes in NAD+ levels on their relative activities. Recent Advances: In this review, we discuss the metabolic, nonmetabolic, redox, and enzyme substrate roles of cellular NAD+, and the recent discoveries regarding the interplay between these roles in different cell compartments. Future Directions: Therapeutic implications for the compartmentation and manipulation of NAD+ biology are discussed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 31, 623-642.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya A Kulkarni
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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Sterea AM, Egom EE, El Hiani Y. TRP channels in gastric cancer: New hopes and clinical perspectives. Cell Calcium 2019; 82:102053. [PMID: 31279156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease associated with a combination of and environmental factors. Each year, one million new gastric cancer cases are diagnosed worldwide and two-thirds end up losing the battle with this devastating disease. Currently, surgery represents the only effective treatment option for patients with early stage tumors. However, the asymptomatic phenotype of this disease during the early stages poses as a significant limiting factor to diagnosis and often renders treatments ineffective. To address these issues, scientists are focusing on personalized medicine and discovering new ways to treat cancer patients. Emerging therapeutic options include the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Since their discovery, TRP channels have been shown to contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of various cancers, including gastric cancer. This review will summarize the current knowledge about gastric cancer and provide a synopsis of recent advancements on the role and involvement of TRP channels in gastric cancer as well as a discussion of the benefits of targeting TPR channel in the clinical management of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra M Sterea
- Departments of Physiology & Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Emmanuel E Egom
- Egom Clinical & Translational Research Services Ltd, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Yassine El Hiani
- Departments of Physiology & Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Zhang JY, Zhao YL, Lv YP, Cheng P, Chen W, Duan M, Teng YS, Wang TT, Peng LS, Mao FY, Liu YG, Fu XL, Yu PW, Luo P, Zhang WJ, Zou QM, Zhuang Y. Modulation of CD8 + memory stem T cell activity and glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibition enhances anti-tumoral immunity in gastric cancer. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1412900. [PMID: 29632726 PMCID: PMC5889281 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1412900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential contributions of CD8+ memory stem T cells to anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy responses in gastric cancer has not been demonstrated. We found that CD8+ memory stem T cell frequencies were increased in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients compared to healthy donors and declined in frequency with disease progression. Despite minimal in vitro cytotoxic activity, the adoptive transfer of CD8+ memory stem T cells into Rag1-/- tumor bearing mice enhanced tumor regression compared to CD8+ central or effector memory T cell counterparts. This effect was associated with an increase in splenic, draining lymph node and tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cell numbers and the development of an altered CD8+ T cell phenotype not seen during homeostasis. GSK-3β inhibition is known to promote memory stem T cell accumulation by arresting effector T cell differentiation in vivo. Surprisingly however, GSK-3β inhibition conversely increased the cytotoxic capacity of CD8+ memory stem T cells in vitro, and this was associated with the induction of effector T cell-associated effector proteins including FasL. Finally, FasL neutralization following GSK-3β inhibition directly attenuated the anti-tumoral capacity of CD8+ memory stem T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, our findings identify the therapeutic potential of modulating CD8+ memory stem T cells for improved anti-tumoral responses against gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-Liang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery and Centre of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Pin Lv
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weisan Chen
- School of Molecular Science, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mubin Duan
- School of Molecular Science, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yong-Sheng Teng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liu-Sheng Peng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Mao
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Gang Liu
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Long Fu
- Department of General Surgery and Centre of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei-Wu Yu
- Department of General Surgery and Centre of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Luo
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quan-Ming Zou
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chakraborty D, Benham V, Jdanov V, Bullard B, Leal AS, Liby KT, Bernard JJ. A BET Bromodomain Inhibitor Suppresses Adiposity-Associated Malignant Transformation. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 11:129-142. [PMID: 29246955 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Almost half a million of all new cancers have been attributed to obesity and epidemiologic evidence implicates visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and high-fat diets (HFD) in increasing cancer risk. We demonstrated that VAT-derived fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) from mice fed an HFD or obese individuals stimulates the malignant transformation of epithelial cells. Mechanism-based strategies to prevent this VAT-enhanced tumorigenesis have not been explored. Clinical studies have indicated that bromodomain inhibitors have considerable potential as therapeutic agents for cancer by inhibiting the activity of several oncogenes, including c-Myc; however, their chemopreventive activity is unknown. We show herein that mice with visceral adiposity have elevated nuclear c-Myc expression in their epidermis. We hypothesized that the bromodomain inhibitor I-BET-762 (I-BET) would have efficacy in the prevention of malignant transformation by VAT and FGF2. We tested this hypothesis using our novel models of VAT-stimulated transformation in vitro and FGF2- stimulated tumor formation in vivo We found that I-BET significantly attenuates VAT and FGF2-stimulated transformation and inhibits VAT-induced c-Myc protein expression in several skin and breast epithelial cell lines. Moreover, I-BET attenuated tumor growth significantly in FGF2-treated nude mice. Work is ongoing to determine the role of visceral adiposity in c-Myc activity in several tissues and determine the inhibitory effect of I-BET on VAT-promoted tumors in vivoCancer Prev Res; 11(3); 129-42. ©2017 AACRSee related editorial by Berger and Scacheri, p. 125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debrup Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Vanessa Benham
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Vladislav Jdanov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Blair Bullard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Ana S Leal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Karen T Liby
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jamie J Bernard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
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Chakraborty D, Benham V, Bullard B, Kearney T, Hsia HC, Gibbon D, Demireva EY, Lunt SY, Bernard JJ. Fibroblast growth factor receptor is a mechanistic link between visceral adiposity and cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:6668-6679. [PMID: 28783178 PMCID: PMC5709202 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence implicates excess adipose tissue in increasing cancer risk. Despite a steeply rising global prevalence of obesity, how adiposity contributes to transformation (stage a non-tumorigenic cell undergoes to become malignant) is unknown. To determine the factors in adipose tissue that stimulate transformation, we used a novel ex vivo system of visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-condition medium-stimulated epithelial cell growth in soft agar. To extend this system in vivo, we used a murine lipectomy model of ultraviolet light B-induced, VAT-promoted skin tumor formation. We found that VAT from mice and obese human donors stimulated growth in soft agar of non-tumorigenic epithelial cells. The difference in VAT activity was associated with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) levels. Moreover, human and mouse VAT failed to stimulate growth in soft of agar in cells deficient in FGFR-1 (FGF2 receptor). We also demonstrated that circulating levels of FGF2 were associated with non-melanoma tumor formation in vivo. These data implicate FGF2 as a major factor VAT releases to transform epithelial cells-a novel, potential pathway of VAT-enhanced tumorigenesis. Strategies designed to deplete VAT stores of FGF2 or inhibit FGFR-1 in abdominally obese individuals may be important cancer prevention strategies as well as adjuvant therapies for improving outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - V Benham
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - B Bullard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - T Kearney
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - H C Hsia
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Gibbon
- Summit Medical4 Group, Livingston, NJ, USA
| | - E Y Demireva
- Office for the Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S Y Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - J J Bernard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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12
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Li HJ, Fu JK, Che XM, Fan L, Zhang Y, Bai E. Obesity accelerates murine gastric cancer growth by modulating the Sirt1/YAP pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4151-4157. [PMID: 28943922 PMCID: PMC5592852 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study from our group using an in vivo model demonstrated that diet induced-obesity increases the risk of gastric cancer and may prompt its growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear and require further investigation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms through which obesity affects gastric cancer growth. In a subcutaneous mouse model, tumors were significantly larger in obese mice compared with non-obese and lean mice. In addition, markedly increased levels of Sirt1 and YAP protein were observed in the nucleus of cells from subcutaneous tumors from obese mice compared with those from lean mice. Murine forestomach carcinoma (MFC) cells treated with 5% sera from obese mice exhibited significantly increased expression of Sirt1 and YAP compared with MFC cells treated with sera from lean mice. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between Sirt1 expression and YAP expression, and between Sirt1 expression and serum visfatin levels in mice. These results suggested that diet-induced obesity could promote murine gastric cancer growth by modulating the Sirt1/YAP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Ke Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Ming Che
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - E Bai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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13
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Zhuang S, Jian YM, Sun YN. Inhibition of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced gastric tumorigenesis by Liuwei Dihuang Pill in db/db mice. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4233-4242. [PMID: 28694663 PMCID: PMC5483497 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i23.4233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the inhibitory effect of Liuwei Dihuang Pill (LDP) on gastric tumorigenesis induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in diabetic mice.
METHODS Four-week-old mice were divided into four groups: A, 12 db/m mice treated with MNU and saline, as the non-diabetic control; B, 12 db/db mice treated with MNU and saline, as the diabetic control; C, 12 db/db mice treated with MNU and metformin, as the positive control; and D, 12 db/db mice treated with MNU and LDP. MNU was administrated for 20 wk to induce gastric carcinogenesis. LDP was administrated for 10 wk for improvement of insulin resistance. Body weight and food intake were measured every week. Blood samples were collected for assays of fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, adiponectin and leptin. Stomach tissues were collected for histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining of Ki67, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.
RESULTS The incidence of MNU-induced gastric dysplasia was significantly elevated in diabetic (db/db) mice relative to the control (db/m) mice. The incidence of gastric dysplasia was significantly reduced by LDP with suppression of cell proliferation, as demonstrated by a decrease in Ki67 staining. Hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and serum IGF-1 were inhibited by LDP. Expression of IGF-1 and insulin receptor mRNAs was decreased, phosphorylation of IGF-1 receptor and AKT protein was reduced in the stomach tissues by LDP. In addition, adiponectin was increased and leptin was decreased in the serum by LDP.
CONCLUSION LDP decreased risk of gastric dysplasia in type 2 diabetic mice by down-regulation of IGF and insulin activity and correction of adipokines disorders.
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14
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Donohoe CL, Lysaght J, O'Sullivan J, Reynolds JV. Emerging Concepts Linking Obesity with the Hallmarks of Cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:46-62. [PMID: 27633129 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is compelling epidemiological evidence linking obesity to many tumours; however, the molecular mechanisms fuelling this association are not clearly understood. Emerging evidence links changes in the tumour microenvironment with the obese state, and murine and human studies highlight the relevance of adipose stromal cells (ASCs), including immune cells, both at remote fat depots, such as the omentum, as well as in peritumoural tissue. These obesity-associated changes have been implicated in several hallmarks of cancer, including the chronic inflammatory state and associated cell signalling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumour-related fibrosis, angiogenesis, and genomic instability. Here, we present a summary of developments over the past 5 years, with particular focus on the tumour microenvironment in the obese state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Donohoe
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin/St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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15
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Tahergorabi Z, Khazaei M, Moodi M, Chamani E. From obesity to cancer: a review on proposed mechanisms. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:533-545. [PMID: 27859423 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, obesity is considered as a serious and growing global health problem. It is documented that the overweight and obesity are major risk factors for a series of noncommunicable diseases, and in recent years, the obesity-cancer link has received much attention. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is associated with increased risk of several cancer types, including colon, breast, endometrium, liver, kidney, esophagus, gastric, pancreatic, gallbladder, and leukemia, and can also lead to poorer treatment. We review here the epidemiological and experimental evidences for the association between obesity and cancer. Specifically, we discuss potential mechanisms focusing how dysfunctional angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, interaction of proinflammatory cytokines, endocrine hormones, and adipokines including leptin, adiponectin insulin, growth factors, estrogen, and progesterone and strikingly, cell metabolism alteration in obesity participate in tumor development and progression, resistance to chemotherapy, and targeted therapies such as antiangiogenic and immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Tahergorabi
- Department of Physiology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mitra Moodi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Elham Chamani
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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16
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Wei Y, Zhao L, He W, Yang J, Geng C, Chen Y, Liu T, Chen H, Li Y. Benzo[a]pyrene promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis likely through the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and ERK-dependent induction of MMP9 and c-myc. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2055-2063. [PMID: 27601158 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of global cancer-related death. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a Group Ⅰ carcinogen categorized by the IARC, is a cumulative foodborne carcinogen and ubiquitous environmental pollutant with potent carcinogenic properties. However, the function and mechanism of BaP exposure on GC progression remains unclear. We investigated the role of BaP in human GC progression to identify potential mechanism underlining its carcinogenic activity. After exposure to various concentrations of BaP, human GC cells SGC-7901 and MNK-45 showed an increased capability of proliferation, migration and invasion. Further study indicated that BaP promotes the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and c-myc at mRNA and protein level, and activates Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and ERK pathway. Moreover, BaP-induced overexpression of MMP9 and c-myc were attenuated by the ERK inhibitor U0126 and AhR inhibitor resveratrol, respectively. These data suggest that BaP promotes proliferation and metastasis of GC cells through upregulation of MMP9 and c-myc expression, and this was likely mediated via the AhR and ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucai Wei
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Wenting He
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Yang
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Geng
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Chen
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yumin Li
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
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17
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Cabia B, Andrade S, Carreira MC, Casanueva FF, Crujeiras AB. A role for novel adipose tissue-secreted factors in obesity-related carcinogenesis. Obes Rev 2016; 17:361-76. [PMID: 26914773 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, a pandemic disease, is caused by an excessive accumulation of fat that can have detrimental effects on health. Adipose tissue plays a very important endocrine role, secreting different molecules that affect body physiology. In obesity, this function is altered, leading to a dysfunctional production of several factors, known as adipocytokines. This process has been linked to various comorbidities associated with obesity, such as carcinogenesis. In fact, several classical adipocytokines with increased levels in obesity have been demonstrated to exert a pro-carcinogenic role, including leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 and resistin, whereas others like adiponectin, with decreased levels in obesity, might have an anti-carcinogenic function. In this expanding field, new proteomic techniques and approaches have allowed the identification of novel adipocytokines, a number of which exhibit an altered production in obesity and type 2 diabetes and thus are related to adiposity. Many of these novel adipocytokines have also been identified in various tumour types, such as that of the breast, liver or endometrium, thereby increasing the list of potential contributors to carcinogenesis. This review is focused on the regulation of these novel adipocytokines by obesity, including apelin, endotrophin, FABP4, lipocalin 2, omentin-1, visfatin, chemerin, ANGPTL2 or osteopontin, emphasizing its involvement in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cabia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Carreira
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - F F Casanueva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - A B Crujeiras
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
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18
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Al-Wahab Z, Tebbe C, Chhina J, Dar SA, Morris RT, Ali-Fehmi R, Giri S, Munkarah AR, Rattan R. Dietary energy balance modulates ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. Oncotarget 2015; 5:6063-75. [PMID: 25026276 PMCID: PMC4171613 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A high energy balance, or caloric excess, accounts as a tumor promoting factor, while a negative energy balance via caloric restriction, has been shown to delay cancer progression. The effect of energy balance on ovarian cancer progression was investigated in an isogeneic immunocompetent mouse model of epithelial ovarian cancer kept on a regimen of regular diet, high energy diet (HED) and calorie restricted diet (CRD), prior to inoculating the animals intraperitoneally with the mouse ovarian surface epithelial ID8 cancer cells. Tumor evaluation revealed that mice group on HED displayed the most extensive tumor formation with the highest tumor score at all organ sites (diaphragm, peritoneum, bowel, liver, kidney, spleen), accompanied with increased levels of insulin, leptin, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), VEGF and interleukin 6 (IL-6). On the other hand, the mice group on CRD exhibited the least tumor burden associated with a significant reduction in levels of insulin, IGF-1, leptin, MCP-1, VEGF and IL-6. Immunohistochemistry analysis of tumors from HED mice showed higher activation of Akt and mTOR with decreased adenosine monophosphate activated kinase (AMPK) and SIRT1 activation, while tumors from the CRD group exhibited the reverse profile. In conclusion, ovarian cancer growth and metastasis occurred more aggressively under HED conditions and was significantly curtailed under CRD. The suggested mechanism involves modulated secretion of growth factors, cytokines and altered regulation of AMPK and SIRT1 that converges on mTOR inhibition. While the role of a high energy state in ovarian cancer has not been confirnmed in the literature, the current findings support investigating the potential impact of diet modulation as adjunct to other anticancer therapies and as possible individualized treatment strategy of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Al-Wahab
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Calvin Tebbe
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Jasdeep Chhina
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Sajad A Dar
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Robert T Morris
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Rouba Ali-Fehmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State Univeristy, Detroit, MI
| | | | - Adnan R Munkarah
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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19
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Qiu G, Li X, Che X, Wei C, He S, Lu J, Jia Z, Pang K, Fan L. SIRT1 is a regulator of autophagy: Implications in gastric cancer progression and treatment. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2034-42. [PMID: 26049033 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Silent mating type information regulation 1 (SIRT1) is implicated in tumorigenesis through its effect on autophagy. In gastric cancer (GC), SIRT1 is a marker for prognosis and is involved in cell invasion, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and drug resistance. Autophagy can function as a cell-survival mechanism or lead to cell death during the genesis and treatment of GC. This functionality is determined by factors including the stage of the tumor, cellular context and stress levels. Interestingly, SIRT1 can regulate autophagy through the deacetylation of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) and mediators of autophagy. Taken together, these findings support the need for continued research efforts to understand the mechanisms mediating the development of gastric cancer and unveil new strategies to eradicate this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiangming Che
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chao Wei
- Xi'an Health School, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shicai He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zongliang Jia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ke Pang
- Shaanxi Friendship Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
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20
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Zhang S, Chen P, Huang Z, Hu X, Chen M, Hu S, Hu Y, Cai T. Sirt7 promotes gastric cancer growth and inhibits apoptosis by epigenetically inhibiting miR-34a. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9787. [PMID: 25860861 PMCID: PMC4392652 DOI: 10.1038/srep09787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide, with a low 5-year survival rate. Epigenetic modification plays pivotal roles in gastric cancer development. However, the role of histone-modifying enzymes in gastric cancer remains largely unknown. Here we report that Sirt7, a NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylase, is over-expressed in human gastric cancer tissues. Sirt7 level is significantly correlated with disease stage, metastasis, and survival. Knockdown of Sirt7 in gastric cancer cells inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. In vivo subcutaneous xenograft results also show that Sirt7 knockdown can markedly repress gastric cancer cell growth. In addition, Sirt7 depletion induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells via up-regulating expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and down-regulating anti-apoptotic proteins. Mechanically, Sirt7 binds to the promoter of miR-34a and deacetylases the H3K18ac, thus represses miR-34a expression. Reversely, depletion of miR-34a inhibits gastric cancer apoptosis induced by Sirt7 knockdown, and restores cellular capacity of proliferation and colony formation. miR-34a depletion reduces Sirt7-knockdown-induced arrest of gastric growth. Finally, miR-34a is tightly associated with survival of patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhang
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Gastrointestinal and Hernia Ward, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zuoan Huang
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaorong Hu
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
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21
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Zhang Z, Sun J, Bai Z, Li H, He S, Chen R, Che X. MicroRNA-153 acts as a prognostic marker in gastric cancer and its role in cell migration and invasion. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:357-64. [PMID: 25678802 PMCID: PMC4322869 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s78236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA)-153 (miR-153) has been considered as a novel tumor-related miRNA and is found to be significantly deregulated in human cancers. In this study, we found that the expression levels of miR-153 were obviously lower in gastric cancer tissues than those in matched adjacent nontumor tissues. Otherwise, miR-153 was expressed at significantly lower levels in aggressive tumor tissues. Clinical association analysis indicated that low expression of miR-153 was prominently correlated with poor prognostic features in gastric cancer. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the low expression of miR-153 was correlated with short 5-year survival of gastric cancer patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that miR-153 was an independent prognostic marker in gastric cancer. Our in vitro studies showed that upregulation of miR-153 reduced cell migration and invasion in MKN-45 cells. Meanwhile, downregulation of miR-153 promoted SGC-7901 cell migration and invasion. An inverse correlation between miR-153 and SNAI1 expression was observed in gastric cancer tissues. In addition, upregulation of miR-153 reduced SNAI1 expression and subsequently suppressed epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) with elevated expression of E-cadherin and reduced expression of vimentin in MKN-45 cells. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-153 increased SNAI1 expression and promoted EMT in SGC-7901 cells. In conclusion, miR-153 is an independent prognostic marker for predicting survival of gastric cancer patients and may promote gastric cancer cell migration and invasion, by inhibiting SNAI1-induced EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengliang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Sun
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghai Bai
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shicai He
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Che
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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22
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Jing Y, Guo S, Zhang X, Sun A, Tao F, Ju H, Qian H. Effects of small interfering RNA interference of connexin 37 on subcutaneous gastric tumours in mice. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2955-60. [PMID: 25310476 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of small interfering (si)RNA interference of connexin 37 (Cx37) on subcutaneous gastric tumours in mice. Constructed lentiviruses carrying siRNA against Cx37 significantly knocked down Cx37 mRNA and protein expression in vitro. A total of 60 mice with gastric cancer were randomly divided into the Cx37 siRNA group, the mock‑siRNA group and the control group. Cx37 siRNA, mock‑siRNA and saline were separately injected (with the lentiviruses transfected into the gastric cancer cells). Following six weeks, the Cx37 mRNA expression, Cx37 protein expression and tumor apoptosis were detected using semiquantitative reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated dUTP nick end labelling, respectively. Six weeks following lentiviral transfection, the Cx37 mRNA levels in the Cx37 siRNA group, mock‑siRNA group and saline group decreased to 42, 63 and 67%, respectively (P<0.05). The mock‑siRNA group demonstrated no significant change in Cx37 levels compared with the control group. Western blot analysis revealed lower Cx37 protein levels in the Cx37‑RNAi group than in the other groups (0.21±0.07 vs. 0.65±0.06 vs. 0.54±0.07), and that the apoptotic index of the Cx37‑RNAi group was higher than those of the mock‑siRNA and control groups (19.7±5.1 vs. 9.8±6.4 vs. 10.5±7.2%, 11.1±6.9; P<0.05). In conclusion, it was demonstrated that Cx37 siRNA is correlated with gastric cancer. Interference of Cx37 effectively reduces Cx37 mRNA and protein expression and promotes tumour apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Suxia Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in Wuxi and People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Aijing Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Haixing Ju
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Tumor Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Haixin Qian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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23
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Abstract
Overweight and obesity have reached pandemic levels on a worldwide basis and are associated with increased risk and worse prognosis for many but not all malignancies. Pathophysiologic processes that affect this association are reviewed, with a focus on the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer, lessons learned from the use of murine models to study the association, the impact of obesity on pancreatic cancer, the effects of dietary fats and cholesterol on cancer promotion, and the mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiome affects obesity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Berger
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, and Genetics, Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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24
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Abstract
Calorie or dietary restriction (CR) has attracted attention because it is the oldest and most robust way to extend rodent life span. The idea that the nutrient sensors, termed sirtuins, might mediate effects of CR was proposed 13 years ago and has been challenged in the intervening years. This review addresses these challenges and draws from a great body of new data in the sirtuin field that shows a systematic redirection of mammalian physiology in response to diet by sirtuins. The prospects for drugs that can deliver at least a subset of the benefits of CR seems very real.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Guarente
- Department of Biology, Glenn Laboratory for the Science of Aging, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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