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Kim SL, Shin M, Jin BC, Seo S, Ha GW, Kim SW. Acquired Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Resistance of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells Is Linked to Histone Acetylation and Is Synergistically Ameliorated by Combination with HDAC Inhibitors. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:3305-3317. [PMID: 39090444 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an attractive target for the treatment of various malignancies; however, its therapeutic potential is limited because of the frequent occurrence of tumor cell resistance. In this study, we determined whether TRAIL resistance acquired by repeated administration could be overcome by HDAC inhibition in human colorectal cancer cells. METHODS TRAIL-resistant HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells (HCT116-TR) were generated by repeated treatment with 10 and 25 ng/mL TRAIL twice weekly for 28 days. RESULTS The resulting TRAIL-resistant cells were noncross-resistant to other chemotherapeutic agents. The levels of histone acetylation-related proteins, such as ac-histone H4 and HDAC1, were altered in HCT116-TR cells compared with the parental HCT116 cell line. The combined treatment with TRAIL and HDAC inhibitors significantly increased apoptosis in HCT116-TR cells and indicated a synergistic effect. The mechanism by which HDAC inhibition sensitizes HCT116-TR cells to TRAIL is dependent on the intrinsic pathway. In addition, we found that HDAC inhibition enhanced the sensitivity of cells to TRAIL through mitogen-activated protein kinases/CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologs of protein-dependent upregulation of death receptor 5. CONCLUSION These results suggest that histone acetylation is responsible for acquired TRAIL resistance after repeated exposure and acquired resistance to TRAIL may be overcome by combination therapies with HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, 20, Geonji-Ro, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - MinWoo Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, 20, Geonji-Ro, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Byung Chul Jin
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - SeungYoung Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, 20, Geonji-Ro, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Gi Won Ha
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, 20, Geonji-Ro, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, 20, Geonji-Ro, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
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Li L, Tian S, Han X, Tian J, Zhang C. Computed tomography-guided radioactive iodine-125 seed implantation for liver malignancies in challenging locations. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:1165-1172. [PMID: 39206978 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2638_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to retrospectively assess the safety and efficacy of radioactive iodine-125 (I-125) seed implantation for liver malignancies in challenging locations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between December 2015 and December 2021, 49 patients with 60 liver malignancies in challenging locations who underwent computed tomography (CT)-guided I-125 seed implantation were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoints included technical success rate and overall survival (OS), whereas the secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate (ORR), and liver recurrence. Potential factors associated with liver recurrence were also evaluated. RESULTS The technical success rate was 100%. The median follow-up duration was 12 months (range, 2-68 months). The mean OS and PFS were 17.58 months (95% CI: 13.64-21.52 months) and 13.14 months (95% CI: 10.36-15.92 months), respectively. The 2-month, 6-month, and 1-year DCR and ORR were 97.96% and 93.88%, 93.75% and 77.08%, and 93.48% and 60.87%, respectively. The 6- and 12-month tumor recurrence rates were 20.41% and 28.26%, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the time of liver recurrence, with our results showing that patients with primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma had an increased likelihood of having earlier liver recurrence. No major complications developed during follow-up. CONCLUSION CT-guided radioactive I-125 implantation could be a safe and effective alternative with promising survival benefits and high local control rates for liver malignancies in challenging locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Operating Room, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Interventional Oncology Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuhui Tian
- Department of Interventional and Minimally Invasive Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xujian Han
- Interventional Oncology Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Interventional and Minimally Invasive Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cunjing Zhang
- Interventional Oncology Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Dean Office, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, China
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Tao B, Yi C, Ma Y, Li Y, Zhang B, Geng Y, Chen Z, Ma X, Chen J. A Novel TGF-β-Related Signature for Predicting Prognosis, Tumor Microenvironment, and Therapeutic Response in Colorectal Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:2999-3029. [PMID: 38062276 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling plays a critical role in immune evasion and tumor progression. However, its modulatory influences on prognosis, tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic efficacy remain unknown in colorectal cancer (CRC). We summarized TGF-β-related genes and comprehensively estimated their expression pattern in 2142 CRC samples from 9 datasets. Two distinct cluster patterns were divided and biological characteristics of each pattern were further analyzed. Then, to quantify the TGF-β cluster pattern of individual CRC patient, we generated the TGF-β score (TGFBscore) model based on TGF-β cluster pattern-relevant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, we conducted correlation analysis for TGFBscore and clinical prognosis, consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs), TME characteristics, liver metastasis, drug response, and immunotherapeutic efficacy in CRC. We illustrated transcriptional and genetic alterations of TGF-β-relevant genes, which were closely linked with carcinogenic pathways. We identified two different TGF-β cluster patterns, characterized by a high and a low TGFBscore. The TGFBscore-high group was significantly linked with worse patient survival, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activation, liver metastasis tendency, and the infiltration of immunosuppressive cells (regulatory T cells [Tregs], M2 macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts [CAFs], and myeloid-derived suppressor cells [MDSCs]), while the TGFBscore-low group was linked with a survival advantage, epithelial phenotype, early CRC staging, and the infiltration of immune-activated cells (B cell, CD4 T cell, natural killer T [NKT] cell, and T helper 1 [Th1] cell). In terms of predicting drug response, TGFBscore negatively correlated (sensitive to TGFBscore-high group) with drugs targeting PI3K/mTOR, JNK and p38, RTK signaling pathways, and positively correlated (sensitive to TGFBscore-low group) with drugs targeting EGFR signaling pathway. Also, TGFBscore could predict the efficacy of different anti-tumor therapies. TGFBscore-low patients might benefit more from anti-PDL1 immunotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT), and ERBB targeted therapy, whereas TGFBscore-high patients might benefit more from antiangiogenic targeted therapy. Our study constructed a novel TGF-β scoring model that could predict prognosis, liver metastasis tendency, and TME characteristics for CRC patients. More importantly, this work emphasizes the potential clinical utility of TGFBscore in evaluating the efficacy of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, guiding individualized precision treatment in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baorui Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhe Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenmei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Gan L, Yang C, Zhao L, Wang S, Ye Y, Gao Z. The expression of ERAP1 is favorable for the prognosis and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: a study based on the bioinformatic and immunohistochemical analysis. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03520-6. [PMID: 39009862 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is an emerging pharmacological target in cancer immunotherapy. This study was set out to examine the expression profiles and implications for prognosis and immunotherapy of ERAP1 in CRC. METHODS Based on bioinformatics and immunohistochemical analysis, we analyzed ERAP1 for potential diagnostic and prognostic significance in CRC. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to detect the pathways associated with ERAP1, thus determining possible mechanisms. ESTIMATE, TIMER, and CIBESORT probed the links between ERAP1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Lastly, we examined how ERAP1 expression correlated with the sensitivity to immunotherapy. RESULTS Tumor tissues had decreased levels of ERAP1 expression relative to normal tissues. Patients whose ERAP1 expression was low suffered a worse chance of survival. Besides, it was shown that ERAP1 expression was associated with the advanced M stage and pathologic stage. Survival analysis revealed that low ERAP1 expression, age, pathologic stage, T stage, and M stage were independent indicators for unfavorable CRC patients' prognoses. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS calibration curves all fit well with the ideal model, suggesting that the age-ERAP1-T-stage-M-stage nomogram is a reliable predictor of OS. Additionally, we discovered that ERAP1 expression was associated with immune response and infiltration of various immune cells, such as down-regulated inhibitory immune cells and up-regulated stimulating immune cells. Sensitivity to PD-1 and CTLA4 inhibitors was associated with high ERAP1 levels. CONCLUSIONS In summary, ERAP1 has potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biological marker, highlighting new insights into the study of CRC and the design of effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjiang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjiang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang Y, Zhao M, Tang W, Zheng X. Comparison of systemic treatments for previously treated patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1293598. [PMID: 39050571 PMCID: PMC11266080 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1293598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited evidence of comparative results among different treatments for patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) who have failed at least one line of previous systemic therapy. We aimed to compare the efficacy of systemic treatments among these patients through this investigation. Methods We collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported in English up until July 2023, from databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and prominent conference databases, for this Bayesian network meta-analysis. Phase II or III trials that evaluated at least two therapeutic regimens were included. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS), secondary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS). Hazards ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as effect size. Subgroup analysis was performed based on metastatic sites. The current systematic review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023420498). Results 30 RCTs were included, with a total of 13,511 patients. Compared to chemotherapy, multi-targeted therapy (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37-0.87) and targeted therapy plus chemotherapy (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.67-0.91) show significant advantages. Targeted therapy (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.54-1.57) and local treatment plus chemotherapy (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.85-1.23) had comparable performance. For patients with liver metastases, TAS-102 plus bevacizumab, aflibercept plus fluorouracil-based combination chemotherapy (CTFU), and bevacizumab plus capecitabine-based combination chemotherapy (CTCA) showed the best outcomes in terms of OS. Bevacizumab plus intensified CTFU, bevacizumab plus CTCA, and HAI followed by single-agent chemotherapy (SingleCT) performed the best regarding PFS. For patients with liver-limited metastases, aflibercept plus CTFU is the optimal choice in OS. For PFS, the best options were HAI followed by SingleCT, aflibercept plus CTFU, and panitumumab plus CTFU. For patients with multiple-site metastases, the best treatments were TAS-102 plus bevacizumab, bevacizumab plus CTCA, bevacizumab plus CTFU, and aflibercept plus CTFU. Conclusion Multi-targeted therapy and targeted therapy plus chemotherapy are the best treatment mechanisms. TAS-102 plus bevacizumab is superior in OS, the combination of anti-VEGF drugs like bevacizumab and aflibercept with standard chemotherapy is the preferred option for CRLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlin Jiang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Graduate School of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingye Zhao
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics, School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxi Tang
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics, School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueping Zheng
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Yang KF, Li SJ, Xu J, Zheng YB. Machine learning prediction model for gray-level co-occurrence matrix features of synchronous liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:1571-1581. [PMID: 38983351 PMCID: PMC11229995 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i6.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synchronous liver metastasis (SLM) is a significant contributor to morbidity in colorectal cancer (CRC). There are no effective predictive device integration algorithms to predict adverse SLM events during the diagnosis of CRC. AIM To explore the risk factors for SLM in CRC and construct a visual prediction model based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) features collected from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Our study retrospectively enrolled 392 patients with CRC from Yichang Central People's Hospital from January 2015 to May 2023. Patients were randomly divided into a training and validation group (3:7). The clinical parameters and GLCM features extracted from MRI were included as candidate variables. The prediction model was constructed using a generalized linear regression model, random forest model (RFM), and artificial neural network model. Receiver operating characteristic curves and decision curves were used to evaluate the prediction model. RESULTS Among the 392 patients, 48 had SLM (12.24%). We obtained fourteen GLCM imaging data for variable screening of SLM prediction models. Inverse difference, mean sum, sum entropy, sum variance, sum of squares, energy, and difference variance were listed as candidate variables, and the prediction efficiency (area under the curve) of the subsequent RFM in the training set and internal validation set was 0.917 [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.866-0.968] and 0.09 (95%CI: 0.858-0.960), respectively. CONCLUSION A predictive model combining GLCM image features with machine learning can predict SLM in CRC. This model can assist clinicians in making timely and personalized clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Feng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang 443008, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang 443008, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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Ozawa M, Watanabe J, Ishibe A, Goto K, Fujii Y, Nakagawa K, Suwa Y, Suwa H, Masui H, Sugita M, Mochizuki Y, Yamagishi S, Hasegawa S, Homma Y, Momiyama M, Kumamoto T, Matsuyama R, Takeda K, Taguri M, Endo I. Multicenter randomized phase II study on S-1 and oxaliplatin therapy as an adjuvant after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases (YCOG1001). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024; 93:565-573. [PMID: 38374403 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The high recurrence rate of colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) after surgery remains a crucial problem. However, adjuvant chemotherapy after hepatectomy for CRCLM has not yet been established. This study evaluated the efficacy of adjuvant therapy with S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX). METHODS In a multicenter, randomized, phase II study, patients undergoing curative resection of CRCLM were randomly enrolled in a 1:1 ratio to either the low- or high-dose group. S-1 and oxaliplatin were administered from days 1 to 14 of a 3-week cycle as a 2-h infusion every 3 weeks. The dose of S-1 was fixed at 80 mg/m2. The doses in the low- and high-dose oxaliplatin groups were 100 mg/m2 (low-dose group) and 130 mg/m2 (high-dose group), respectively. This treatment was repeated eight times. The primary endpoint was the rate of discontinuation owing to toxicity. The secondary endpoints were the relapse-free survival (RFS) and frequency of adverse events (AEs). RESULTS Between August 2010 and March 2015, 44 patients (low-dose group: 31 patients and high-dose group: 13 patients) were enrolled in the study. Of these, one patient was excluded from the efficacy analysis. In the high-dose group, five of nine patients were unable to continue the study due to toxicity in February 2013. At that time, recruitment to the high-dose group was stopped from the protocol. The relative dose intensity (RDI) for S-1 in the low- and high-dose groups were 49.8 and 48.7% (p = 0.712), and that for oxaliplatin was 75.9 and 73.0% (p = 0.528), respectively. The rates of discontinuation due to toxicity were 60 and 53.8% in the low- and high-dose groups, respectively, with no marked difference noted between the groups (p = 0.747). The frequency of grade ≥ 3 common adverse events was neutropenia (23.3%/23.1%), diarrhea (13.3%/15.4%), and peripheral sensory neuropathy (6.7%/7.7%). The disease-free survival (DFS) at 3 years was 52.9% in the low-dose group, which was not significantly different from that in the high-dose group (46.2%; p = 0.705). CONCLUSIONS SOX regimens as adjuvant therapy after hepatectomy for CRCLM had high rates of discontinuation due to toxicity in both groups. In particular, the RDI of S-1 was < 50%. Therefore, the SOX regimen is not recommended as adjuvant chemotherapy after hepatectomy for CRCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Ozawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Ishibe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Koki Goto
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Fujii
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suwa
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Suwa
- Department of Surgery, Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Masui
- Department of Surgery, Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Sugita
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Mochizuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamagishi
- Department of Surgery, Fujisawa City Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Homma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masashi Momiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan
| | - Ryusei Matsuyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan
| | - Masataka Taguri
- Department of Health Data Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
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Wu K, Zhang G, Shen C, Zhu L, Yu C, Sartorius K, Ding W, Jiang Y, Lu Y. Role of T cells in liver metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:341. [PMID: 38755133 PMCID: PMC11099083 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The liver is a major metastatic site (organ) for gastrointestinal cancers (such as colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers) as well as non-gastrointestinal cancers (such as lung, breast, and melanoma cancers). Due to the innate anatomical position of the liver, the apoptosis of T cells in the liver, the unique metabolic regulation of hepatocytes and other potential mechanisms, the liver tends to form an immunosuppressive microenvironment and subsequently form a pre-metastatic niche (PMN), which can promote metastasis and colonization by various tumor cells(TCs). As a result, the critical role of immunoresponse in liver based metastasis has become increasingly appreciated. T cells, a centrally important member of adaptive immune response, play a significant role in liver based metastases and clarifying the different roles of the various T cells subsets is important to guide future clinical treatment. In this review, we first introduce the predisposing factors and related mechanisms of liver metastasis (LM) before introducing the PMN and its transition to LM. Finally, we detail the role of different subsets of T cells in LM and advances in the management of LM in order to identify potential therapeutic targets for patients with LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Changbing Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taizhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated with Yangzhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Chongyuan Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Kurt Sartorius
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, China.
- Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Yunjie Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
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9
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Pécsi B, Mangel LC. The Real-Life Impact of Primary Tumor Resection of Synchronous Metastatic Colorectal Cancer-From a Clinical Oncologic Point of View. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1460. [PMID: 38672540 PMCID: PMC11047864 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The complex medical care of synchronous metastatic colorectal (smCRC) patients requires prudent multidisciplinary planning and treatments due to various challenges caused by the primary tumor and its metastases. The role of primary tumor resection (PTR) is currently uncertain; strong arguments exist for and against it. We aimed to define its effect and find its best place in our therapeutic methodology. METHOD We performed retrospective data analysis to investigate the clinical course of 449 smCRC patients, considering treatment modalities and the location of the primary tumor and comparing the clinical results of the patients with or without PTR between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018 at the Institute of Oncotherapy of the University of Pécs. RESULTS A total of 63.5% of the 449 smCRC patients had PTR. Comparing their data to those whose primary tumor remained intact (IPT), we observed significant differences in median progression-free survival with first-line chemotherapy (mPFS1) (301 vs. 259 days; p < 0.0001; 1 y PFS 39.2% vs. 26.6%; OR 0.56 (95% CI 0.36-0.87)) and median overall survival (mOS) (760 vs. 495 days; p < 0.0001; 2 y OS 52.4 vs. 26.9%; OR 0.33 (95% CI 0.33-0.53)), respectively. However, in the PTR group, the average ECOG performance status was significantly better (0.98 vs. 1.1; p = 0.0456), and the use of molecularly targeted agents (MTA) (45.3 vs. 28.7%; p = 0.0005) and rate of metastasis ablation (MA) (21.8 vs. 1.2%; p < 0.0001) were also higher, which might explain the difference partially. Excluding the patients receiving MTA and MA from the comparison, the effect of PTR remained evident, as the mOS differences in the reduced PTR subgroup compared to the reduced IPT subgroup were still strongly significant (675 vs. 459 days; p = 0.0009; 2 y OS 45.9 vs. 24.1%; OR 0.37 (95% CI 0.18-0.79). Further subgroup analysis revealed that the site of the primary tumor also had a major impact on the outcome considering only the IPT patients; shorter mOS was observed in the extrapelvic IPT subgroup in contrast with the intrapelvic IPT group (422 vs. 584 days; p = 0.0026; 2 y OS 18.2 vs. 35.9%; OR 0.39 (95% CI 0.18-0.89)). Finally, as a remarkable finding, it should be emphasized that there were no differences in OS between the smCRC PTR subgroup and metachronous mCRC patients (mOS 760 vs. 710 days, p = 0.7504, 2 y OS OR 0.85 (95% CI 0.58-1.26)). CONCLUSIONS The role of PTR in smCRC is still not professionally justified. Our survey found that most patients had benefited from PTR. Nevertheless, further prospective trials are needed to clarify the optimal treatment sequence of smCRC patients and understand this cancer disease's inherent biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Pécsi
- Institute of Oncotherapy, Clinical Center and Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
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10
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Mou M, Gao R, Wu Y, Lin P, Yin H, Chen F, Huang F, Wen R, Yang H, He Y. Endoscopic Rectal Ultrasound-Based Radiomics Analysis for the Prediction of Synchronous Liver Metastasis in Patients With Primary Rectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2024; 43:361-373. [PMID: 37950599 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and validate an ultrasound-based radiomics model to predict synchronous liver metastases (SLM) in rectal cancer (RC) patients preoperatively. METHODS Two hundred and thirty-nine RC patients were included in this study and randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. A total of 5936 radiomics features were calculated on the basis of ultrasound images to build a radiomic model and obtain a radiomics score (Rad-score) using logistic regression. Meanwhile, clinical characteristics were collected to construct a clinical model. The radiomics-clinical model was developed and validated by integrating the radiomics features with the selected clinical characteristics. The performances of three models were evaluated and compared through their discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness. RESULTS The radiomics model was developed based on 13 radiomic features. The radiomics-clinical model, which incorporated Rad-score, CEA, and CA199, exhibited favorable discrimination and calibration with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.920 (95% CI: 0.874-0.965) in the training cohorts and 0.855 (95% CI: 0.759-0.951) in the validation cohorts. And the AUC of the radiomics-clinical model was 0.849 (95% CI: 0.771-0.927) for the training cohorts and 0.780 (95% CI: 0.655-0.905) for the validation cohorts, the clinical model was 0.811 (95% CI: 0.718-0.905) for the training cohorts and 0.805 (95% CI: 0.645-0.965) for the validation cohorts. Moreover, decision curve analysis (DCA) further confirmed the clinical utility of the radiomics-clinical model. CONCLUSIONS The radiomics-clinical model performed satisfactory predictive performance, which can help improve clinical diagnosis performance and outcome prediction for SLM in RC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Mou
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yulin No. 1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin, China
| | - Ruizhi Gao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuquan Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hongxia Yin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yulin No. 1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin, China
| | - Fenghuan Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rong Wen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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11
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Zirakchian Zadeh M. PET/CT in assessment of colorectal liver metastases: a comprehensive review with emphasis on 18F-FDG. Clin Exp Metastasis 2023; 40:465-491. [PMID: 37682423 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 25% of those who are diagnosed with colorectal cancer will develop colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) as their illness advances. Despite major improvements in both diagnostic and treatment methods, the prognosis for patients with CRLM is still poor, with low survival rates. Accurate employment of imaging methods is critical in identifying the most effective treatment approach for CRLM. Different imaging modalities are used to evaluate CRLM, including positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). Among the PET radiotracers, fluoro-18-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG), a glucose analog, is commonly used as the primary radiotracer in assessment of CRLM. As the importance of 18F-FDG-PET/CT continues to grow in assessment of CRLM, developing a comprehensive understanding of this subject becomes imperative for healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines. The primary aim of this article is to offer a simplified and comprehensive explanation of PET/CT in the evaluation of CRLM, with a deliberate effort to minimize the use of technical nuclear medicine terminology. This approach intends to provide various healthcare professionals and researchers with a thorough understanding of the subject matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Zirakchian Zadeh
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy and Interventional Radiology Services, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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12
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Díaz Vico T, Castellón Pavón CJ, Díaz García GA, Torres Alemán A, Pérez Domene MT, Sánchez Infante S, Fuel Gómez DC, Durán Poveda M. Liver metastases of colorectal adenocarcinoma with intrahepatic biliary spread pattern: clinical manifestation and importance of immunohistochemical analysis. Clin J Gastroenterol 2023; 16:693-697. [PMID: 37306864 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-023-01819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma (LMCC) with macroscopic intrabiliary ductal involvement are a rare entity that can clinically and radiologically mimic a cholangiocarcinoma. However, a thorough anatomopathologic and immunohistochemical study of biliary ductal involvement is required because of its distinctive clinical features and relatively indolent biological behavior, reflecting a better prognosis and long-term survival. We present the case of a patient who debuted with LMCC with intrahepatic biliary ductal involvement, whose definitive diagnosis was established by immunohistochemical analysis, showing a characteristic CK7 - /CK20 + pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Díaz Vico
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo S/N, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Camilo José Castellón Pavón
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo S/N, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Díaz García
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo S/N, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Torres Alemán
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo S/N, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Pérez Domene
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo S/N, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Sánchez Infante
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo S/N, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Durán Poveda
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo S/N, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Yu L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Shang Z, Xin Y, Li X, Ning N, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by excretion of miR-122-5p from cells via exosomes. iScience 2023; 26:107686. [PMID: 37694140 PMCID: PMC10485600 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) infection and microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) development, but the mechanism by which Fn regulates tumor-suppressive miRNAs via exosomes and facilitates CRC metastasis remains unclear. Here, we identified that Fn infection significantly increased exosomal miR-122-5p levels in the serum of CRC patients and CRC cell culture supernatants through two miRNA panels of high-throughput sequencing and RT-qPCR analysis. In Fn-infected patients, the serum exosomal levels of miR-122-5p were negatively associated with their expression levels of tissues. Downregulated miR-122-5p was demonstrated to enhance the migration, invasion, and metastasis abilities of CRC cells in vivo and in vitro. Secretion of miR-122-5p into exosomes is mediated by hnRNPA2B1. Mechanistically, Fn activated the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway to promote EMT by regulation of the miR-122-5p/FUT8 axis. In conclusion, Fn infection may stimulate CRC cells to excrete exosome-wrapped miR-122-5p, and activate the FUT8/TGF-β1/Smads axis to promote metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Longchen Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ziqi Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yiwei Xin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Nannan Ning
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, China
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Chai Y, Chen Y, Liu J, He M, Jiang M, Xu B, Li Q. Improved survival in patients with isolated liver metastasis at initial diagnosis with surgery at primary and metastatic sites: A population-based study in patients with breast cancer. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:2793-2803. [PMID: 37558505 PMCID: PMC10518231 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, optimal treatment options, and survival outcomes of breast cancer patients with isolated liver metastasis (BCILM). METHODS Patients with breast cancer (BC) were selected from Incidence-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Research Plus Data, 17 registries between 2010 and 2019. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare survival rates between patients who received or did not receive surgery for the primary and liver metastatic sites. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS This study included 17 743 stage IV BC patients, with 3604 (20.3%) patients experiencing liver metastasis at initial diagnosis. Of 3604 liver metastasis patients, 951 were diagnosed with BCILM. The median survival time of patients with BCILM who underwent surgery at the primary site (52.0 months) or distant sites (85.0 months) was significantly longer than that of patients who did not undergo surgery at the primary site (23.0 months) or distant sites (32.0 months). Univariate analysis indicated that age, race, histological grade, molecular subtype, T stage, N stage, surgery of the primary site, surgery to other regional/distant sites, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were prognostic factors affecting the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with BCILM (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis suggested that age, race, molecular subtype, T stage, surgery of the primary site, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors. In the BCILM cohort, HR+ /HER2+ patients exhibited the best OS and CSS, followed by HR- /HER2+ , HR+ /HER2- , and HR- /HER2- patients (p < 0.0001; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Surgery at the primary and metastatic sites was associated with better survival in patients with BCILM. HER2+ patients with BCILM had a significantly better prognosis than HER2- patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chai
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Plastic SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jiaxuan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Maiyue He
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Mingxia Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Wang X, Li N, Yin X, Xing L, Zheng Y. Classification of metastatic hepatic carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma lesions using contrast-enhanced CT based on EI-CNNet. Med Phys 2023; 50:5630-5642. [PMID: 36869656 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic hepatic carcinoma, imaging is one of the main diagnostic methods. In clinical practice, diagnosis mainly relied on experienced imaging physicians, which was inefficient and cannot met the demand for rapid and accurate diagnosis. Therefore, how to efficiently and accurately classify the two types of liver cancer based on imaging is an urgent problem to be solved at present. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to use the deep learning classification model to help radiologists classify the single metastatic hepatic carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma based on the enhanced features of enhanced CT (Computer Tomography) portal phase images of the liver site. METHODS In this retrospective study, 52 patients with metastatic hepatic carcinoma and 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were among the patients who underwent preoperative enhanced CT examinations from 2017-2020. A total of 565 CT slices from these patients were used to train and validate the classification network (EI-CNNet, training/validation: 452/113). First, the EI block was used to extract edge information from CT slices to enrich fine-grained information and classify them. Then, ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve was used to evaluate the performance, accuracy, and recall of the EI-CNNet. Finally, the classification results of EI-CNNet were compared with popular classification models. RESULTS By utilizing 80% data for model training and 20% data for model validation, the average accuracy of this experiment was 98.2% ± 0.62 (mean ± standard deviation (SD)), the recall rate was 97.23% ± 2.77, the precision rate was 98.02% ± 2.07, the network parameters were 11.83 MB, and the validation time was 9.83 s/sample. The classification accuracy was improved by 20.98% compared to the base CNN network and the validation time was 10.38 s/sample. Compared with other classification networks, the InceptionV3 network showed improved classification results, but the number of parameters was increased and the validation time was 33 s/sample, and the classification accuracy was improved by 6.51% using this method. CONCLUSION EI-CNNet demonstrated promised diagnostic performance and has potential to reduce the workload of radiologists and may help distinguish whether the tumor is primary or metastatic in time; otherwise, it may be missed or misjudged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehu Wang
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Machine Vision Engineering & Technology of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Nie Li
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Machine Vision Engineering & Technology of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Bao ding, China
| | - Lihong Xing
- CT/MRI room, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yongchang Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
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16
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Lee JM, Han YD, Cho MS, Hur H, Lee KY, Kim NK, Min BS. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus upfront surgery as the initial treatment for patients with resectable, synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastases. J Surg Oncol 2023; 128:549-559. [PMID: 37288777 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although perioperative chemotherapy has been the standard treatment for colorectal cancer with resectable liver metastases (CRLM), studies that have compared neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and upfront surgery, especially in the setting of synchronous metastases are rare. METHODS We compared perioperative outcomes, overall survival (OS) and overall survival after recurrence (rOS) in a retrospective study of 281 total and 104 propensity score-matched (PSM) patients who underwent curative resection, with or without NAC, for synchronous CRLM, from 2006 to 2017. A Cox regression model was developed for OS. RESULTS After PSM, 52 NAC and 52 upfront surgery patients with similar baseline characteristics were compared. Postoperative morbidity, mortality, and 5-year OS rate (NAC: 78.9%, surgery: 64.0%; p = 0.102) were similar between groups; however, the NAC group had better rOS (NAC: 67.3%, surgery: 31.5%; p = 0.049). Initial cancer stage (T4, N1-2), poorly differentiated histology, and >1 hepatic metastases were independent predictors of worse OS. Based on these factors, patients were divided into low-risk (≤1 risk factor, n = 115) and high-risk (≥2 risk factors, n = 166) groups. For high-risk patients, NAC yielded better OS than upfront surgery (NAC: 74.5%, surgery: 53.2%; p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Although NAC and upfront surgery-treated patients had similar perioperative outcomes and OS, better postrecurrence survival was shown in patients with NAC. In addition, NAC may benefit patients with worse prognoses; therefore, physicians should consider patient disease risk before initiating treatment to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Soo Cho
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Hur
- Department of Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kang Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Soh Min
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Liu C, Lu Z, Yan J, Xue D, He X, Huang W, Sun Q, Zhao W, Li F. Construction of a prognostic signature associated with liver metastases for prognosis and immune response prediction in colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1234045. [PMID: 37564935 PMCID: PMC10411999 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1234045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the most common gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide, liver metastases occur in half colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Early detection can help treat them early and reduce mortality in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM). Finding useful biomarkers for CRLM is thus essential. Methods The TCGA and GEO databases were used to download the expression profiles and clinical data of the patients. Differential analysis screened for genes associated with CRLM, and univariate Cox regression analysis identified genes associated with prognosis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method further preferred genes to construct a prognostic signature. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to show patients' overall survival (OS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed the accuracy of the model. Risk scores and clinical characteristics of patients were included in multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify independent risk factors, and a nomogram was constructed. The proportion of immune cells and infiltration were assessed using the 'CIBERSORT' package and the 'ESTIMATE' package. Results We constructed a signature consisting of seven CRLM-associated genes, and signature-based risk scores have great potential in estimating the prognosis of CRC patients. Moreover, the poor response to immunotherapy in high-risk patients might contribute to the poor prognosis of individuals. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of Hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (HAMP), the only gene highly expressed in CRC and liver metastatic tissues, promoted CRC development and that it was associated with tumor mutation burden (TMB), DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, and microsatellite instability (MSI) in various tumors. Finally, we found that in CRC patients, low expression of HAMP also represented a better immunotherapeutic outcome, reflecting the critical role of HAMP in guiding immunotherapy. Conclusion We identified a prognostic signature containing 7 CRLM-associated genes, and the signature was specified as an independent predictor and a nomogram containing the risk score was built accordingly. In addition, the derived gene HAMP could help guide the exploration of profitable immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhihua Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenbo Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fanni Li
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Liu K, Cui Y, Li H, Mi J, Wang H, Zhuang Y, Tang L, Liu J, Tian C, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Shi H, Tian X, Liu P. The mechanism investigation of mutation genes in liver and lung metastasis of colorectal cancer by using NGS technique. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023:104057. [PMID: 37328085 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We analyzed the somatic mutation distributions as well as pathways associated with liver/lung metastasis of CRC using next-generation sequencing panel. METHODS We detected the somatic SNV/indel mutations of 1126 tumor-related genes in CRC, liver/lung metastasis of CRC and liver /lung cancer. We combined the MSK and GEO datasets to identified the genes and pathways related to the metastasis of CRC. RESULTS We identified 174 genes related to liver metastasis of CRC, 78 genes related to lung metastasis of CRC, and 57 genes related to both liver and lung metastasis in two datasets. The genes related to liver and lung metastasis were collectively enriched in various pathways. Finally we found that IRS1, BRCA2, EphA5, PTPRD, BRAF, and PTEN could be prognosis-related genes in CRC metastasis. CONCLUSION Our finding may help clarify the pathogenesis of CRC metastasis more clearly and provide new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yunlong Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jiahui Mi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Caijuan Tian
- Tianjin Marvel Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Marvelbio Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Tianjin Yunquan Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Tianjin Yunquan Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Haijing Shi
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, China.
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Jiao S, Guan X, Niu H, Ma X, Wang K, Liu E, Zhang W, Wei R, Sun P, Chen Y, Wang X. The tumor characteristics, treatment strategy, and prognosis in colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis in China and the USA. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:140. [PMID: 37219592 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study performed an analysis of clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatment strategy, and survival for CRC patients with LM between China and the USA. METHODS The CRC patients with simultaneous LM were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry and the Chinese National Cancer Center (CNCC) database from 2010 to 2017. We assessed 3-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) according to surgical treatment strategy and time period. RESULTS Differences in patient age, gender, primary tumor location, tumor grade, tumor histology, and tumor stage were observed between the USA and China. Compared to the USA, a larger proportion of patients in China underwent both primary site resection (PSR) and hepatic resection (HR) (35.1% vs 15.6%, P < 0.001), and fewer patients underwent only PSR in China (29.1% vs 45.1%, P < 0.001). From 2010 to 2017, the proportion of patient who underwent both PSR and HR has increased from 13.9% to 17.4% in the USA and from 25.4% to 39.4% in China. The 3-year CSS were increasing over time in both the USA and China. The 3-year CSS of patients receiving HR and PSR were significantly higher than those receiving only PSR and patients treated with no surgery in the USA and China. There were no significant differences of 3-year CSS between the USA and China after adjustment (P = 0.237). CONCLUSIONS Despite the distinctions of tumor characteristics and surgical strategy in patients with LM between the USA and China, increased adoption of HR has contributed to the profound improvements of survival during recent decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Haitao Niu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaifeng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Enrui Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Weiyuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Peng Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Yinggang Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China.
| | - Xishan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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20
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Charles J, Vrionis A, Mansur A, Mathias T, Shaikh J, Ciner A, Jiang Y, Nezami N. Potential Immunotherapy Targets for Liver-Directed Therapies, and the Current Scope of Immunotherapeutics for Liver-Related Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2624. [PMID: 37174089 PMCID: PMC10177356 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, is increasing in incidence and mortality across the globe. An improved understanding of the complex tumor microenvironment has opened many therapeutic doors and led to the development of novel pharmaceuticals targeting cellular signaling pathways or immune checkpoints. These interventions have significantly improved tumor control rates and patient outcomes, both in clinical trials and in real-world practice. Interventional radiologists play an important role in the multidisciplinary team given their expertise in minimally invasive locoregional therapy, as the bulk of these tumors are usually in the liver. The aim of this review is to highlight the immunological therapeutic targets for primary liver cancers, the available immune-based approaches, and the contributions that interventional radiology can provide in the care of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Charles
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (J.C.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Andrea Vrionis
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (J.C.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Arian Mansur
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Trevor Mathias
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Jamil Shaikh
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (J.C.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
- Department of Radiology, Tampa General Hospital, University of South Florida Health, Tampa General Cir, Tampa, FL 33606, USA
| | - Aaron Ciner
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.C.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yixing Jiang
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.C.); (Y.J.)
| | - Nariman Nezami
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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21
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Boughriba R, Sahraoui G, Chaar I, Weslati M, Ayed K, Ounissi D, Hazgui M, Bouraoui S, Gati A. Significant association of MCP1 rs1024611 and CCR2 rs1799864 polymorphisms with colorectal cancer and liver metastases susceptibility and aggressiveness: A case-control study. Cytokine 2023; 167:156193. [PMID: 37149962 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MCP-1/CCR2 axis is one of the major chemokine signaling pathways that play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment and has been involved in triggering various tumor progression mechanisms, such as increasing the immunosuppressive cells recruitment and promoting tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness. AIM The current study investigated the association of MCP1 (rs1024611) and CCR2 (rs1799864) genes variants with the risk as well as prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). SUBJECTS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study involved 408 patients (284 CRC and 124 CRLM), and 284 healthy control was conducted. Genotyping of selected polymorphisms was performed by PCR-RFLP assays and confirmed by microchip and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS The results highlighted a positive association between MCP1 rs1024611 (non-AA) and CCR2 rs1799864 (GA) genotypes with increased CRC and CRLM risk. Correlation between SNPs and clinicopathological characteristics revealed a positive association between MCP1 rs1024611 and CCR2 rs1799864 (dominant model) and CRC poor prognosis features. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant association between MCP1 rs1024611 non-AA carriers and decreased survival rate. Neoadjuvant treatment showed an improvement in CRC and CRLM survival rates among carriers of MCP1 and CCR2 wild-type genotype. FOLFIRI chemotherapy exhibits reduced survival rates for patients who carried mutated genotypes of MCP1 and CCR2 polymorphisms. CONCLUSION Considering our results, we suggest That both MCP1 and CCR2 polymorphisms may constitute independent factors for CRC and CRLM occurrence and can be helpful targets for an efficient therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Boughriba
- Laboratory of Genetic, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; Unit of Colorectal Cancer Research UR12SP14, Mongi Slim Hospital, Sidi Daoud, La Marsa, 2046 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ghada Sahraoui
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology of Salah Azaiez Oncology Institute, Bab Saadoun 1029 Tunis, Tunisia; Medical School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 15 rue Djebel Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ines Chaar
- Unit of Colorectal Cancer Research UR12SP14, Mongi Slim Hospital, Sidi Daoud, La Marsa, 2046 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Weslati
- Unit of Colorectal Cancer Research UR12SP14, Mongi Slim Hospital, Sidi Daoud, La Marsa, 2046 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khouloud Ayed
- Laboratory of Genetic, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Donia Ounissi
- Unit of Colorectal Cancer Research UR12SP14, Mongi Slim Hospital, Sidi Daoud, La Marsa, 2046 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Hazgui
- Unit of Colorectal Cancer Research UR12SP14, Mongi Slim Hospital, Sidi Daoud, La Marsa, 2046 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saadia Bouraoui
- Unit of Colorectal Cancer Research UR12SP14, Mongi Slim Hospital, Sidi Daoud, La Marsa, 2046 Tunis, Tunisia; Medical School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 15 rue Djebel Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Asma Gati
- Laboratory of Genetic, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
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22
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Somadder PD, Hossain MA, Ahsan A, Sultana T, Soikot SH, Rahman MM, Ibrahim SM, Ahmed K, Bui FM. Drug Repurposing and Systems Biology approaches of Enzastaurin can target potential biomarkers and critical pathways in Colorectal Cancer. Comput Biol Med 2023; 155:106630. [PMID: 36774894 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a severe health concern that results from a cocktail of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental abnormalities. Because it is the second most lethal malignancy in the world and the third-most common malignant tumor, but the treatment is unavailable. The goal of the current study was to use bioinformatics and systems biology techniques to determine the pharmacological mechanism underlying putative important genes and linked pathways in early-onset CRC. Computer-aided methods were used to uncover similar biological targets and signaling pathways associated with CRC, along with bioinformatics and network pharmacology techniques to assess the effects of enzastaurin on CRC. The KEGG and gene ontology (GO) pathway analysis revealed several significant pathways including in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation, negative regulation of the apoptotic process, nucleus, nucleoplasm, protein tyrosine kinase activity, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, pathways in cancer, focal adhesion, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and Rap1 signaling pathway. Later, the hub protein module identified from the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation represented that enzastaurin showed strong binding interaction with two hub proteins including CASP3 (-8.6 kcal/mol), and MCL1 (-8.6 kcal/mol), which were strongly implicated in CRC management than other the five hub proteins. Moreover, the pharmacokinetic features of enzastaurin revealed that it is an effective therapeutic agent with minimal adverse effects. Enzastaurin may inhibit the potential biological targets that are thought to be responsible for the advancement of CRC and this study suggests a potential novel therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratul Dipta Somadder
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1092, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Arju Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1092, Bangladesh.
| | - Asif Ahsan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1092, Bangladesh.
| | - Tayeba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1092, Bangladesh.
| | - Sadat Hossain Soikot
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1092, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Masuder Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1092, Bangladesh.
| | - Sobhy M Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kawsar Ahmed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A9, Canada; Group of Biophotomatiχ, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh.
| | - Francis M Bui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A9, Canada.
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23
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Zhang X, Hou H, Jiang M, Zhang X. Aberrant circulating tumor DNA methylation and exosomal microRNA biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2743-2750. [PMID: 36583782 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) became the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in 2020. However, the rates of early screening and early diagnosis for CRC remain unsatisfactory. Thus, it is essential to explore the initiating factors of CRC and strategies for its early diagnosis. Research progress in liquid biopsy has led to the finding that circulating tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) and exosomes play vital roles in early detection of CRC. THE APPLICATIONS OF LIQUID BIOPSY FOR EARLY DETECTION OF COLORECTAL CANCER: Moreover, the increased understanding of epigenetics has highlighted the role of ctDNA methylation in CRC carcinogenesis, and the detection of aberrant ctDNA methylation markers is a feasible strategy for diagnosis of early-stage CRC. Among exosomal markers, microRNAs (miRNAs) are abundant and are the most researched. Upregulated or downregulated expression of exosome-derived miRNAs can indicate the occurrence of early-stage CRC. FUTURE PERSPECTIVE The current research progress on aberrant ctDNA methylation and tumor exosomal miRNA biomarkers in early detection of CRC is summarized in this review, and the advantages and shortcomings of the methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchen Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Helei Hou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Man Jiang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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24
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Uder L, Nachbar M, Butzer S, Boldt J, Baumeister S, Bitzer M, Königsrainer A, Seufferlein T, Hoffmann R, Gatidis S, Nikolaou K, Zips D, Thorwarth D, Gani C, Boeke S. Local control and patient reported outcomes after online MR guided stereotactic body radiotherapy of liver metastases. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1095633. [PMID: 36727060 PMCID: PMC9885175 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1095633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is used to treat liver metastases with the intention of ablation. High local control rates were shown. Magnetic resonance imaging guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) provides the opportunity of a marker-less liver SBRT treatment due to the high soft tissue contrast. We report herein on one of the largest cohorts of patients treated with online MRgRT of liver metastases focusing on oncological outcome, toxicity, patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), quality of life. Material and methods Patients treated for liver metastases with online MR-guided SBRT at a 1,5 T MR-Linac (Unity, Elekta, Crawley, UK) between March 2019 and December 2021 were included in this prospective study. UK SABR guidelines were used for organs at risk constraints. Oncological endpoints such as survival parameters (overall survival, progression-free survival) and local control as well as patient reported acceptance and quality of life data (EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire) were assessed. For toxicity scoring the Common Toxicity Criteria Version 5 were used. Results A total of 51 patients with 74 metastases were treated with a median of five fractions. The median applied BED GTV D98 was 84,1 Gy. Median follow-up was 15 months. Local control of the irradiated liver metastasis after 12 months was 89,6%, local control of the liver was 40,3%. Overall survival (OS) after 12 months was 85.1%. Progression free survival (PFS) after 12 months was 22,4%. Local control of the irradiated liver lesion was 100% after three years when a BED ≥100 Gy was reached. The number of treated lesions did not impact local control neither of the treated or of the hepatic control. Patient acceptance of online MRgSBRT was high. There were no acute grade ≥ 3 toxicities. Quality of life data showed no significant difference comparing baseline and follow-up data. Conclusion Online MR guided radiotherapy is a noninvasive, well-tolerated and effective treatment for liver metastases. Further prospective trials with the goal to define patients who actually benefit most from an online adaptive workflow are currently ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Uder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,*Correspondence: Laura Uder,
| | - Marcel Nachbar
- Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Butzer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jessica Boldt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Baumeister
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Bitzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Königsrainer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hoffmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology , University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sergios Gatidis
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology , University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology , University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Zips
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,Department of Radiation Oncology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Thorwarth
- Section for Biomedical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cihan Gani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Boeke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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25
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Kaya IH, Al-Harazi O, Colak D. Transcriptomic data analysis coupled with copy number aberrations reveals a blood-based 17-gene signature for diagnosis and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Front Genet 2023; 13:1031086. [PMID: 36685857 PMCID: PMC9854115 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1031086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Diagnosing CRC patients reliably at an early and curable stage is of utmost importance to reduce the risk of mortality. Methods: We identified global differentially expressed genes with copy number alterations in patients with CRC. We then identified genes that are also expressed in blood, which resulted in a blood-based gene signature. We validated the gene signature's diagnostic and prognostic potential using independent datasets of gene expression profiling from over 800 CRC patients with detailed clinical data. Functional enrichment, gene interaction networks and pathway analyses were also performed. Results: The analysis revealed a 17-gene signature that is expressed in blood and demonstrated that it has diagnostic potential. The 17-gene SVM classifier displayed 99 percent accuracy in predicting the patients with CRC. Moreover, we developed a prognostic model and defined a risk-score using 17-gene and validated that high risk score is strongly associated with poor disease outcome. The 17-gene signature predicted disease outcome independent of other clinical factors in the multivariate analysis (HR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.3-5.3, p = 0.005). In addition, our gene network and pathway analyses revealed alterations in oxidative stress, STAT3, ERK/MAPK, interleukin and cytokine signaling pathways as well as potentially important hub genes, including BCL2, MS4A1, SLC7A11, AURKA, IL6R, TP53, NUPR1, DICER1, DUSP5, SMAD3, and CCND1. Conclusion: Our results revealed alterations in various genes and cancer-related pathways that may be essential for CRC transformation. Moreover, our study highlights diagnostic and prognostic value of our gene signature as well as its potential use as a blood biomarker as a non-invasive diagnostic method. Integrated analysis transcriptomic data coupled with copy number aberrations may provide a reliable method to identify key biological programs associated with CRC and lead to improved diagnosis and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H. Kaya
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olfat Al-Harazi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dilek Colak
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Dilek Colak,
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26
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Anghinoni M, Toderke EL, Nakadomari TS, de Oliveira TKM, Locatelli FP, Matias JEF. Liver regeneration after extensive hepatectomy in rats: effect of preoperative chemotherapy with intravenous 5-fluorouracil. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370901. [PMID: 36449812 PMCID: PMC9710188 DOI: 10.1590/acb370901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of preoperative intravenous chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil on liver regeneration in an experimental model of major hepatectomy in rats. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into two groups of 20 animals each and submitted to 70% hepatectomy 24 h after intravenous injection of 5-fluorouracil 20 mg/kg (fluorouracil group, FG) or 0.9% saline (control group, CG). After hepatectomy, each group was subdivided into two subgroups of 10 animals each according to the day of sacrifice (24 h or 7 days). Liver weight during regeneration, liver regeneration rate using Kwon formula, and the immunohistochemical markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 were used to assess liver regeneration. RESULTS At early phase (24 h after hepatectomy) it was demonstrated the negative effect of 5-fluorouracil on liver regeneration when assessed by Kwon formula (p < 0.0001), PCNA analysis (p = 0.02). With regeneration process complete (7 days), it was possible to demonstrate the sustained impairment of chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil on hepatocytes regeneration phenomenon when measured by Kwon formula (p = 0.009), PCNA analysis (p = 0.0001) and Ki-67 analysis (0.001). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative chemotherapy with intravenous 5-fluorouracil negatively affected the mechanisms of liver regeneration after major hepatectomy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marciano Anghinoni
- Fellow MSc. Universidade Federal do Paraná – Departamento de Cirurgia – Pós-Graduação em Clínica Cirúrgica – Curitiba (PR), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
- (55 41) 98819-1130
| | - Edimar Leandro Toderke
- Fellow PhD. Universidade Federal do Paraná – Departamento de Cirurgia – Pós-Graduação em Clínica Cirúrgica – Curitiba (PR), Brazil
| | - Thaísa Sami Nakadomari
- Fellow MSc. Universidade Federal do Paraná – Departamento de Cirurgia – Pós-Graduação em Clínica Cirúrgica – Curitiba (PR), Brazil
| | | | | | - Jorge Eduardo Fouto Matias
- PhD, Associate Professor. Universidade Federal do Paraná – Departamento de Cirurgia – Pós-Graduação em Clínica Cirúrgica – Curitiba (PR), Brazil
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Mo S, Tang P, Luo W, Zhang L, Li Y, Hu X, Ma X, Chen Y, Bao Y, He X, Fu G, Xu X, Rao X, Li X, Guan R, Chen S, Deng Y, Lv T, Mu P, Zheng Q, Wang S, Liu F, Li Y, Sheng W, Huang D, Hu C, Gao J, Zhang Z, Cai S, Clevers H, Peng J, Hua G. Patient-Derived Organoids from Colorectal Cancer with Paired Liver Metastasis Reveal Tumor Heterogeneity and Predict Response to Chemotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204097. [PMID: 36058001 PMCID: PMC9631073 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
There is no effective method to predict chemotherapy response and postoperative prognosis of colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) patients. Patient-derived organoid (PDO) has become an important preclinical model. Herein, a living biobank with 50 CRLM organoids derived from primary tumors and paired liver metastatic lesions is successfully constructed. CRLM PDOs from the multiomics levels (histopathology, genome, transcriptome and single-cell sequencing) are comprehensively analyzed and confirmed that this organoid platform for CRLM could capture intra- and interpatient heterogeneity. The chemosensitivity data in vitro reveal the potential value of clinical application for PDOs to predict chemotherapy response (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) and clinical prognosis of CRLM patients. Taken together, CRLM PDOs can be utilized to deliver a potential application for personalized medicine.
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Warburg effect in colorectal cancer: the emerging roles in tumor microenvironment and therapeutic implications. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:160. [PMID: 36319992 PMCID: PMC9628128 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Countless CRC patients undergo disease progression. As a hallmark of cancer, Warburg effect promotes cancer metastasis and remodels the tumor microenvironment, including promoting angiogenesis, immune suppression, cancer-associated fibroblasts formation and drug resistance. Targeting Warburg metabolism would be a promising method for the treatment of CRC. In this review, we summarize information about the roles of Warburg effect in tumor microenvironment to elucidate the mechanisms governing Warburg effect in CRC and to identify novel targets for therapy.
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Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids Decrease the Proliferation, Invasion, and Secretion of Clinically Relevant Cytokines by Cultured Human Colon Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091267. [PMID: 36139106 PMCID: PMC9496155 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids isolated from members of the Amaryllidaceae plant family are promising anticancer agents. The purpose of the current study was to determine if the isocarbostyrils narciclasine, pancratistatin, lycorane, lycorine, crinane, and haemanthamine inhibit phenomena related to cancer progression in vitro. To achieve this, we examined the proliferation, adhesion, and invasion of cultured human colon cancer cells via MTT assay and Matrigel-coated Boyden chambers. In addition, Luminex assays were used to quantify the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and cytokines associated with poor clinical outcomes. We found that all alkaloids decreased cell proliferation regardless of TP53 status, with narciclasine exhibiting the greatest potency. The effects on cell proliferation also appear to be specific to cancer cells. Narciclasine, lycorine, and haemanthamine decrease both adhesion and invasion but with various potencies depending on the cell line. In addition, narciclasine, lycorine, and haemanthamine decreased the secretion of MMP-1, -2, and -7, as well as the secretion of the cytokines pentraxin 3 and vascular endothelial growth factor. In conclusion, the present study shows that Amaryllidaceae alkaloids decrease phenomena and cytokines associated with colorectal cancer progression, supporting future investigations regarding their potential as multifaceted drug candidates.
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Wei X, Ye J, Pei Y, Wang C, Yang H, Tian J, Si G, Ma Y, Wang K, Liu G. Extracellular vesicles from colorectal cancer cells promote metastasis via the NOD1 signalling pathway. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12264. [PMID: 36068649 PMCID: PMC9448875 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) have been shown to promote tumour metastasis via sensing tumour cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs). Nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain 1 (NOD1), a cytoplasmic PRR, plays a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) by detecting bacterial products. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of NOD1, following identification of CRC cell-derived EVs (CRC-EVs), to potentiate CRC liver metastasis (CRC-LM), remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that CRC-EVs activate NOD1 in macrophages to initiate secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. NOD1-activated macrophages also promote CRC cell migration, while in a murine model of liver metastasis (LM), NOD1-deficient mice exhibit reduced metastasis following CRC-EV treatment. Furthermore, cell division cycle 42 (CDC42), a small Rho guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)ase, is delivered by CRC-EVs into macrophages where it activates NOD1. In addition, EVs from the plasma of patients with CRC-LM mediate NOD1 activation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, high NOD1 expression in tumour tissues is associated with poor prognosis of CRC-LM. Our findings suggest that CRC-EVs activate NOD1 to promote tumour metastasis, thus, NOD1 may serve as a potential target in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC-LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiduan Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jingjia Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yameng Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Chunting Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Hongzhen Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Guangxu Si
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yao Ma
- Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit IPeking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
- Key laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evalution (Yantai University), Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of ShandongYantai UniversityYantaiP. R. China
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Yin FT, Zhou XH, Kang SY, Li XH, Li J, Ullah I, Zhang AH, Sun H, Wang XJ. Prediction of the mechanism of Dachengqi Decoction treating colorectal cancer based on the analysis method of " into serum components -action target-key pathway". JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115286. [PMID: 35413412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive tract malignant tumor that its morbidity and mortality seriously affect human health. At present, Dachengqi Decoction (DCQ), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been clinically used as an adjuvant therapy for CRC. However, pharmacodynamic substance basis and therapeutic mechanism are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The main constituents absorbed in the blood and possible active targets after DCQ administration were explored based on the analysis method of "into serum components, action target and key pathway", which may provide reference for the study of the pharmacodynamic material basis and action mechanism of Dachengqi Decoction in the treatment of CRC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Based on the serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the prescription prototype ingredients of DCQ in mice serum samples were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology (UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE). Taking the prototype ingredients absorbed into serum as the research object, the possible targets and key pathways of DCQ in vivo were demonstrated by network pharmacology. Finally, using molecular docking verified the binding activity of prototype components and potential action targets. RESULTS A total of 46 prototype components of DCQ were identified in mice serum, most of which were derived from flavonoids and anthraquinones in Citrus aurantium L. and Rheum palmatum L. Network pharmacology prediction results indicated that the drug prototype components entering the serum may mainly regulate targets including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), etc. and main pathways such as (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B) PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, advanced glycation end products-receptor for AGE (AGE-RAGE) signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway, etc. Molecular docking showed that the prototype active components had strong binding activity to VEGF, Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS) and MAPK1. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidated that most of the direct acting substances of DCQ in vivo were flavonoids and anthraquinones, which may play a role in regulating cell reproduction and apoptosis and inhibiting inflammation, providing a reference for the research of pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of DCQ in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ting Yin
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xiao-Hang Zhou
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shu-Yu Kang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xing-Hua Li
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jing Li
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xi-Jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Bi Y, Jiao D, Wang Y, Han X, Ren J. Preliminary outcomes of raltitrexed eluting bead-transarterial chemoembolization using Callispheres® beads for gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma liver metastasis. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:229. [PMID: 35821043 PMCID: PMC9277920 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) with Callispheres® beads (CB) is currently used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, clinical data regarding DEB-TACE using raltitrexed-eluting CB for gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma liver metastases (GALM) treatment is limited. We aimed to report the preliminary outcomes of DEB-TACE using CB in unresectable GALM patients. Methods This retrospective study enrolled unresectable GALM patients who were treated with DEB-TACE using raltitrexed-eluting CB from October 2018 to October 2021. Totally, 25 patients, 18 males and 7 females, mean age 66.8±9.5 years, were continuously enrolled. Postoperative treatment response, survival rates, and complication were calculated during the procedure and follow-up. Results Twenty-four patients were technically successful, with a technical success rate of 96.0%. The 3-month overall response rate and disease control rate were 21.7% and 73.9%, and 6-month overall response rate and disease control rate were 30.0% and 65.0%. The median survival time from diagnosis of GALM was 31.3 months. The median survival time and median PFS from first DEB-TACE was 21.3 months (95% confidence interval 9.1–33.5) and 10.7 months (3.7–17.7), respectively. Main adverse events included abdominal pain (36.0%), fever (12.0%), and nausea/vomiting (28.0%) after DEB-TACE. No treatment-related deaths and grade 3 or grade 4 adverse events were observed. Conclusions DEB-TACE using raltitrexed eluting CB was demonstrated as a safe and efficient alternative choice for GALM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Bi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Jianzhuang Ren
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Sun JJ, Zhang SY, Tian JJ, Jin BY. Penile metastasis from rectal carcinoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:6609-6616. [PMID: 35979281 PMCID: PMC9294887 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i19.6609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis to the penis is an unusual event, and penile metastasis from rectal carcinoma (PMRC) is extremely rare and associated with a dismal prognosis. Thus far, approximately 80 cases have been reported.
CASE SUMMARY Herein, we report the case of a 49-year-old man with PMRC. The patient presented to the urology clinic with a complaint of penile pain during urination. The patient underwent the Dixon operation for rectal carcinoma 2 mo before the presentation. During hospitalisation, abdominal computed tomography revealed a nodular lesion on the left penis. The postoperative pathological examination revealed a typical intestinal-type adenocarcinoma. Previous cases of PMRC were retrieved from PubMed to characterise the clinicopathological features and identify the prognostic factors of PMRC.
CONCLUSION The analysis suggested that approximately 24 mo is the median time to metastasis occurrence and 150 d is the survival time after diagnosis. Furthermore, poor pathological differentiation, lymph node involvement of the primary RC, metastasis time < 6 mo, penile metastatic nodule diameter > 1 cm, and treatment abandonment are negative predictors of survival outcomes. Close follow-up, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy may potentially improve the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Jie Tian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bai-Ye Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311000, Zhejiang Province, China
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TRX2/Rab35 Interaction Impairs Exosome Secretion by Inducing Rab35 Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126557. [PMID: 35743001 PMCID: PMC9224307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that exosomes mediate intercellular communication by delivering cellular components to recipient cells or tissue, they have the potential to be engineered to deliver therapeutic payloads. However, the regulatory mechanism of exosome secretion is poorly understood. In addition, mitochondrial components have been found in exosomes, suggesting communication between mitochondria and exosomes. However, the molecular mechanism of the mitochondria and vesicle interaction remains unclear. Here, we showed that mitochondrial thioredoxin 2 (TRX2) decreased exosome concentrations and inhibited HCT116 cell migration. Coimmunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry (Co-IP/MS) showed that TRX2 interacted with Rab35. TRX2 and Rab35 bound to each other at their N-terminal motifs and colocalized on mitochondria. Furthermore, TRX2 induced Rab35 degradation, resulting in impaired exosome secretion. Additionally, Rab35 mediated the suppressive effects of TRX2 on cell migration, and TRX2 suppressed cell migration through exosomes. Taken together, this study first found an interaction between TRX2 and Rab35. These results revealed a new role for TRX2 in the regulation of exosome secretion and cell migration and explained the upstream regulatory mechanism of Rab35. Furthermore, these findings also provide new molecular evidence for communication between mitochondria and vesicles.
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35
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Walker BS, Billingsley KG, Sutton TL, Kolbeck KJ, Korngold EK, Nabavizadeh N, Dewey EN, Herzig DO, Lopez CD, Mayo SC. Hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy combined with systemic therapy for patients with advanced colorectal liver metastases: Outcomes in a newly established program. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:513-522. [PMID: 35522249 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer. Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy has been demonstrated to improve survival in patients with resected CRLM and to facilitate conversion of technically unresectable disease. METHODS Between 2016 and 2018, n = 22 HAI pumps were placed for CRLM. All patients received systemic chemotherapy concurrently with HAI floxuridine/dexamethasone. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS HAI pumps were placed in seven patients with completely resected CRLM and 15 patients with unresectable disease. Twenty-one patients received HAI floxuridine with a median of 5 total HAI cycles (interquartile range: 4-7). Biliary sclerosis was the most common HAI-related complication (n = 5, 24%). Of the 13 patients treated to convert unresectable CRLM, 3 (23%) underwent hepatic resection with curative intent after a median of 7 HAI cycles (range: 4-10). For all HAI patients, the mean OS was 26.7 months from CRLM diagnosis, while the median PFS and hepatic PFS from pump placement were 9 and 13 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Concomitant HAI and systemic therapy can be utilized at multidisciplinary programs for patients with advanced CRLM, both in the adjuvant setting and to facilitate conversion of unresectable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett S Walker
- Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Thomas L Sutton
- Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kenneth J Kolbeck
- OHSU, Department of Interventional Radiology, Dotter Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | | | - Daniel O Herzig
- OHSU, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Charles D Lopez
- OHSU, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Portland, Oregon, USA.,The Knight Cancer Institute at OHSU, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Skye C Mayo
- Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.,The Knight Cancer Institute at OHSU, Portland, Oregon, USA
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A Bioinformatics Evaluation of the Role of Dual-Specificity Tyrosine-Regulated Kinases in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082034. [PMID: 35454940 PMCID: PMC9025863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRK) family has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. However, its role in colorectal cancer has not been elucidated. In this research, we used publicly available web-based tools to investigate DYRKs status in colorectal cancer. Our results showed that among DYRKs, only DYRK1A was upregulated significantly in late tumor stages, and it is associated with poor prognosis for colorectal cancer patients. These finding comprehensively characterized DYRK1A as a potential new therapeutic approach in CRC, especially in late tumor stages. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and has an increasing incidence in younger populations. The dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRK) family has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. However, the role and contribution of the distinct family members in regulating CRC tumorigenesis has not been addressed yet. Herein, we used publicly available CRC patient datasets (TCGA RNA sequence) and several bioinformatics webtools to perform in silico analysis (GTEx, GENT2, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, GSCALite, TIMER2, and UALCAN). We aimed to investigate the DYRK family member expression pattern, prognostic value, and oncological roles in CRC. This study shed light on the role of distinct DYRK family members in CRC and their potential outcome predictive value. Based on mRNA level, DYRK1A is upregulated in late tumor stages, with lymph node and distant metastasis. All DYRKs were found to be implicated in cancer-associated pathways, indicating their key role in CRC pathogenesis. No significant DYRK mutations were identified, suggesting that DYRK expression variation in normal vs. tumor samples is likely linked to epigenetic regulation. The expression of DYRK1A and DYRK3 expression correlated with immune-infiltrating cells in the tumor microenvironment and was upregulated in MSI subtypes, pointing to their potential role as biomarkers for immunotherapy. This comprehensive bioinformatics analysis will set directions for future biological studies to further exploit the molecular basis of these findings and explore the potential of DYRK1A modulation as a novel targeted therapy for CRC.
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Liang Y, Xu Y, Tong Y, Chen Y, Chen X, Wu S. Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Markers. Front Chem 2022; 10:883627. [PMID: 35464224 PMCID: PMC9024117 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.883627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a group of highly lethal malignant tumors that seriously threaten human health. The main way to improve the survival quality and reduce the mortality of HCC is early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, it will be of great significance to explore new quantitative detection methods for HCC markers. With the rapid development of electrochemical biosensors and nanomaterials, electrochemical sensors based on graphene can detect tumor markers, with the advantages of simple operation, high detection sensitivity, and specificity. Combined with the published literature in recent years, the article briefly reviews the application of graphene-based electrochemical biosensors in the detection of HCC markers, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Golgi protein-73 (GP73), exosomes, and microRNA-122 (miR-122).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaoyao Tong
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xilu Chen
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Shimin Wu
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shimin Wu,
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Surgical Treatment for Colorectal Cancer Partially Restores Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Traits. mSystems 2022; 7:e0001822. [PMID: 35311577 PMCID: PMC9040882 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00018-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome and metabolites are associated with CRC progression and carcinogenesis. Postoperative CRC patients are reported to be at an increased CRC risk; however, how gut microbiome and metabolites are related to CRC risk in postoperative patients remains only partially understood.
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Zhou H, Liu Z, Wang Y, Wen X, Amador EH, Yuan L, Ran X, Xiong L, Ran Y, Chen W, Wen Y. Colorectal liver metastasis: molecular mechanism and interventional therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:70. [PMID: 35246503 PMCID: PMC8897452 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancy tumors with a high morbidity additionally, CRC patients may develop liver metastasis, which is the major cause of death. Despite significant advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, the survival rate of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) patients remains very low. CRLM, as a complex cascade reaction process involving multiple factors and procedures, has complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms/pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of CRLM. We also focus on an overview of the recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of CRLM with a special emphasis on tumor microenvironment and promise of newer targeted therapies for CRLM, further improving the prognosis of CRLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhongtao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Eric H Amador
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Liqin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yuping Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Chelmsford Campus, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, UK.
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
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The potential of PIK3CA, KRAS, BRAF, and APC hotspot mutations as a non-invasive detection method for colorectal cancer. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 63:101807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Almeida C, Teixeira AL, Dias F, Machado V, Morais M, Martins G, Palmeira C, Sousa ME, Godinho I, Batista S, Costa-Silva B, Medeiros R. Extracellular Vesicles Derived-LAT1 mRNA as a Powerful Inducer of Colorectal Cancer Aggressive Phenotype. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010145. [PMID: 35053143 PMCID: PMC8773288 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world and represents the third most deadly tumor worldwide. About 15–25% of patients present metastasis in the moment of diagnosis, the liver being the most common site of metastization. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents is needed, to improve the patients’ prognosis. Amino acids transporters, LAT1 and ASCT2, are described as upregulated in CRC, being associated with a poor prognosis. Extracellular vesicles have emerged as key players in cell-to-cell communication due to their ability to transfer biomolecules between cells, with a phenotypic impact on the recipient cells. Thus, this study analyzes the presence of LAT1 and ASCT2 mRNAs in CRC-EVs and evaluates their role in phenotype modulation in a panel of four recipient cell lines (HCA-7, HEPG-2, SK-HEP-1, HKC-8). We found that HCT 116-EVs carry LAT1, ASCT2 and other oncogenic mRNAs being taken up by recipient cells. Moreover, the HCT 116-EVs’ internalization was associated with the increase of LAT1 mRNA in SK-HEP-1 cells. We also observed that HCT 116-EVs induce a higher cell migration capacity and proliferation of SK-HEP-1 and HKC-8 cells. The present study supports the LAT1-EVs’ mRNA involvement in cell phenotype modulation, conferring advantages in cell migration and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Almeida
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.A.); (F.D.); (V.M.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
- Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer Regional Nucleus of the North (LPCC-NRN), Estrada da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.A.); (F.D.); (V.M.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
- ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225-084-000 (ext. 5410)
| | - Francisca Dias
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.A.); (F.D.); (V.M.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Vera Machado
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.A.); (F.D.); (V.M.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Mariana Morais
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.A.); (F.D.); (V.M.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Gabriela Martins
- Immunology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.); (C.P.); (M.E.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Immunology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.); (C.P.); (M.E.S.); (I.G.)
- Pathology and Experimental Therapeutic Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Fernando Pessoa Research, Innovation and Development Institute (I3ID FFP), Fernando Pessoa University (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Emília Sousa
- Immunology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.); (C.P.); (M.E.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Inês Godinho
- Immunology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.); (C.P.); (M.E.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Sílvia Batista
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.B.); (B.C.-S.)
| | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.B.); (B.C.-S.)
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.A.); (F.D.); (V.M.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
- Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer Regional Nucleus of the North (LPCC-NRN), Estrada da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
- Fernando Pessoa Research, Innovation and Development Institute (I3ID FFP), Fernando Pessoa University (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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Nosher J, Saifuddin AA, Grandhi MS, Moubarak I. Conjoined right hepatic artery from branches of the common hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries: a rare anatomic variant. Surg Radiol Anat 2021; 44:143-146. [PMID: 34783869 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-021-02856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a previously unreported anatomical variant of the hepatic arterial supply: a conjoined right hepatic artery, formed by branches of the common hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery. METHOD A 54-year-old female with oligometastatic colorectal cancer with metastases to the liver presented for planning stage arteriography in preparation for Y90 radioembolization. RESULTS Arteriography of the common hepatic artery demonstrated bifurcation into a right hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery. The gastroduodenal artery gave rise to a proximal branch, from which the left hepatic artery originated and then continued to anastomose in the hilum of the liver to the right hepatic artery originating from the common hepatic artery. It was initially identified on visceral artery arteriography and then retrospectively recognized on pre-procedural CT scan. CONCLUSION Anatomical variants of the hepatic arterial supply are important to recognize during planning stage arteriography in preparation for Y90 radioembolization. Knowledge of these variants is also important for pre-operative planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nosher
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ali Abbas Saifuddin
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Miral S Grandhi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Issam Moubarak
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Fahrner M, Bronsert P, Fichtner-Feigl S, Jud A, Schilling O. Proteome biology of primary colorectal carcinoma and corresponding liver metastases. Neoplasia 2021; 23:1240-1251. [PMID: 34768110 PMCID: PMC8591399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinomas (CRC) are one of the most commonly diagnosed tumors worldwide. Colorectal adenocarcinomas primarily metastasize into the liver and (less often) into the peritoneum. Patients suffering from CRC-liver metastasis (CRC-LM) typically present with a dismal overall survival compared to non-metastasized CRC patients. The metastasis process and metastasis-promoting factors in patients with CRC are under intensive debate. However, CRC studies investigating the proteome biology are lacking. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens provide a valuable resource for comprehensive proteomic studies of a broad variety of clinical malignancies. The presented pilot study compares the proteome of primary CRC and patient-matched CRC-LM. The applied protocol allows a reproducible and straightforward identification and quantification of over 2,600 proteins within the dissected tumorous tissue. Subsequent unsupervised clustering reveals distinct proteome biologies of the primary CRC and the corresponding CRC-LM. Statistical analysis yields multiple differentially abundant proteins in either primary CRC or their corresponding liver metastases. A more detailed analysis of dysregulated biological processes suggests an active immune response in the liver metastases, including several proteins of the complement system. Proteins with structural roles, e.g. cytoskeleton organization or cell junction assembly appear to be less prominent in liver metastases as compared to primary CRC. Immunohistochemistry corroborates proteomic high expression levels of metabolic proteins in CRC-LM. We further assessed how the in vitro inhibition of two in CRC-LM enriched metabolic proteins affected cell proliferation and chemosensitivity. The presented proteomic investigation in a small clinical cohort promotes a more comprehensive understanding of the distinct proteome biology of primary CRC and their corresponding liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fahrner
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg
| | - Peter Bronsert
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Core Facility Histopathology and Digital Pathology Freiburg, Medical Center - University of Freiburg
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jud
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Cai Z, Suo L, Huang Z. Isoflurane Suppresses Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion and Facilitates Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells Through Targeting miR-216. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:658926. [PMID: 34458282 PMCID: PMC8385302 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.658926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Surgery is the first line treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Anesthetic isoflurane may improve outcomes of cancer surgery. Herein, we investigated the effects of isoflurane on malignant behaviors of CRC cells and its underlying therapeutic target. Methods: SW620 and HCT116 CRC cells were exposed to a series of concentrations of isoflurane. CCK-8 assay was utilized for determination of the optimal concentration of isoflurane. Under treatment with isoflurane, proliferation, migration, and invasion were separately assessed via clone formation and transwell assays. Apoptotic levels were observed via flow cytometry and expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase3 proteins was quantified through western blot. MiR-216 expression was detected in isoflurane-induced SW620 and HCT116 cells by RT-qPCR. Following transfection with miR-216 mimic, malignant biological behaviors were examined in isoflurane-treated SW620 and HCT116 cells. Results: 40 μM isoflurane distinctly restrained proliferative, migrated, and invasive capacities and elevated apoptotic levels in SW620 and HCT116 cells. Up-regulation of miR-216 was found in CRC cells. Its expression was suppressed by isoflurane. MiR-216 mimic ameliorated the reduction in proliferation, migration, and invasion and the increase in apoptosis for 40 μM isoflurane-induced SW620 and HCT116 cells. Conclusion: Isoflurane, a promising drug of CRC, may suppress malignant biological behaviors of tumor cells. Furthermore, miR-216 is an underlying target of isoflurane. Thus, isoflurane could be adopted for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangyuan Suo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Zeqing Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
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Zhu J, Hu W, Zhang Y, Du P, Xiao W, Li Y. Comparison of Survival Outcomes of Chemotherapy Plus Surgery vs Chemotherapy Alone for Patients With Isolated Liver Metastases From Gallbladder Carcinoma. Am Surg 2021:31348211038563. [PMID: 34382879 DOI: 10.1177/00031348211038563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is the standard of treatment for metastatic gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). It is unclear whether chemotherapy plus surgery improves the survival outcomes of patients with isolated liver metastases from GBC. We aimed to investigate the survival benefits of chemotherapy plus surgery in GBC with isolated liver metastases compared to those of chemotherapy alone. METHODS We identified 406 patients with isolated liver metastases from GBC who underwent chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy plus surgery between 2010 and 2015 from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results. Patients were divided into 3 subgroups: group I, chemotherapy alone (n = 263); group II, chemotherapy combined with cholecystectomy (n = 116); and group III, chemotherapy combined with cholecystectomy plus hepatectomy (n = 27). The cancer-specific survival and overall survival were evaluated. RESULTS Compared with group I, group II revealed a longer survival time (P < .001). In addition, the survival time of the group III was also prolonged (P < .001). Multivariate cox analysis showed that treatment strategy was an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION Chemotherapy combined with resection of the primary tumor plus or not plus resection of the metastatic lesions may be beneficial in GBC with isolated liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wang Hu
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Osei-Bordom DC, Kamarajah S, Christou N. Colorectal Cancer, Liver Metastases and Biotherapies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:894. [PMID: 34440099 PMCID: PMC8389538 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest causes of death by cancer worldwide. Its first main metastatic diffusion spreads to the liver. Different mechanisms such as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis are the characteristics of this invasion. At this stage, different options are possible and still in debate, especially regarding the use of targeted therapeutics and biotherapies. (2) Methods: A review of the literature has been done focusing on the clinical management of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer and the contribution of biotherapies in this field. (3) Results: In a clinical setting, surgeons and oncologists consider liver metastasis in CRC into two groups to launch adapted therapeutics: resectable and non-resectable. Around these two entities, the combination of targeted therapies and biotherapies are of high interest and are currently tested to know in which molecular and clinical conditions they have to be applied to impact positively both on survival and quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel-Clement Osei-Bordom
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; (D.-C.O.-B.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sivesh Kamarajah
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; (D.-C.O.-B.); (S.K.)
| | - Niki Christou
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; (D.-C.O.-B.); (S.K.)
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
- EA3842 CAPTuR Laboratory “Cell Activation Control, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance”, Faculty of Medicine, 2 Rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
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Zhao G, Liu S, Zhang Y, Zhao T, Wang R, Bian J, Wu J, Zhou J. Irinotecan eluting beads-transarterial chemoembolization using Callispheres® microspheres is an effective and safe approach in treating unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1139-1145. [PMID: 34264426 PMCID: PMC9135896 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Callispheres® microspheres (CSM) are the first drug-eluting bead (DEB) product developed in China; meanwhile, DEB-transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with CSM is effective and safe in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. However, the data regarding the role of irinotecan-eluting beads-TACE (DEBIRI-TACE) using CSM for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) treatment is limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of DEBIRI-TACE using CSM in the patients with unresectable CRLM. Methods Totally, 42 unresectable CRLM patients treated with DEBIRI-TACE using CSM were continuously enrolled in this study. Postoperative treatment response (including complete response rate (CR), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR)), survival data (overall survival (OS)), liver function, and adverse events were documented during the follow-up. Results CR, ORR, and DCR were 19.0%, 92.9%, and 100.0%, respectively, at month (M) 1; were 23.8%, 92.9%, and 97.6%, respectively, at M3; then were 14.3%, 78.6%, and 90.5%, respectively at M6. Regarding survival profiles, 1-year OS was 81.0%; 2-year OS was 58.5%; median OS was 25.0 months (95%CI: 19.3–30.7 months). Additionally, ALT and AST experienced an obviously increased trend at 4 days, but a declined trend at 7 days, while ALB and TBIL had no obvious change. No grade 3 or grade 4 adverse event was observed, and main adverse events included fever (95.3%), pain (57.1%), fatigue (50.0%), and nausea/vomiting (42.8%). Conclusion DEBIRI-TACE with CSM achieves high treatment response, acceptable survival benefits, and good toleration in unresectable CRLM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsheng Zhao
- Cancer Interventional Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Song Liu
- Cancer Interventional Center, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, 276001, Shandong, China
| | - Yuewei Zhang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Cancer Interventional Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Cancer Interventional Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Bian
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Cancer Interventional Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, Liaoning, China.
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Wang YX, Lin C, Cui LJ, Yang WH, Li QM, Liu ZJ, Miao XP. Rauwolfia vomitoria Extract Represses Colorectal Cancer Cell Autophagy and Promotes Apoptosis. Pharmacology 2021; 106:488-497. [PMID: 34237728 DOI: 10.1159/000512614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent digestive tract tumors in the world with an increasing incidence. Currently, surgical resection and chemotherapy are the main therapeutic options; however, their effects are limited by various adverse reactions. Rauwolfia vomitoria extract (Rau) has been shown to repress the progression of multiple human cancers; however, whether Rau plays a role in CRC remains undetermined. METHODS Influences of Rau treatment on HCT-116 and LoVo cells were estimated via MTT and colony formation experiments. Flow cytometry analysis was adopted to evaluate the apoptosis rate of HCT-116 and LoVo cells. Apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3) and autophagy-related proteins (LC3 and P62) were assessed by Western blotting. Effects of Rau on autophagy of HCT-116 and LoVo cell were evaluated through GFP-LC3 analysis. In vivo xenograft tumor assay was conducted to further examine the role of Rau in CRC tumor growth. RESULTS Rau remarkably repressed HCT-116 and LoVo cell viability and promoted HCT-116 and LoVo cell apoptosis in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Rau increased the expression of caspase-3 and Bax and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 in HCT-116 and LoVo cells. Moreover, Rau was demonstrated to decrease the LC3||/LC3| ratio and increase the level of P62 in HCT-116 and LoVo cells. In addition, we found that Rau repressed xenograft tumor growth and also repressed autophagy in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that Rau repressed CRC cell viability and autophagy in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that Rau might be a potent therapeutic agent of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Lu-Jia Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Wan-He Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Qiu-Min Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Zhan-Ju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Pu Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
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Lenga L, Lange M, Arendt CT, Yel I, Booz C, Durden J, Leithner D, Vogl TJ, Albrecht MH, Martin SS. Can Dual-energy CT-based Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging Improve the Assessment of Hypodense Liver Metastases in Patients With Hepatic Steatosis? Acad Radiol 2021; 28:769-777. [PMID: 32446765 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of noise-optimized virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) on lesion demarcation and measuring accuracy of hypoattenuating liver metastases in patients with fatty liver disease compared to standard reconstructions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients (mean age 62.2 ± 7.7 years) with fatty liver disease and hypoattenuating liver metastases who underwent unenhanced and contrast-enhanced portal-venous dual-energy CT (DECT) were enrolled. Standard linearly blended and VMI series were reconstructed in 10-keV intervals. Lesion-to-parenchyma contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated and the best VMI series was further investigated in a subjective evaluation of overall image quality and lesion demarcation. Size measurements were performed independently by measuring all hypodense lesions (n = 58) twice in a predefined sequence. Inter- and intra-rater agreement was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) statistics. RESULTS The calculated CNR was greatest at 40-keV VMI (4.3 ± 2.6), significantly higher compared to standard reconstructions (2.9 ± 1.9; p < 0.001). Subjective ratings for overall image quality showed no significant difference between the 2 reconstruction techniques (both medians 4; p = 0.147), while lesion margin demarcation was found to be superior for 40-keV VMI (median 5; p ≤ 0.001). Inter- (ICC, 0.98 for 40-keV VMI; ICC, 0.93 for standard reconstruction) and intra-rater (ICC, 0.99 for 40-keV VMI; ICC, 0.94 for standard image series) analysis showed an excellent agreement for lesion measurements in both reconstruction techniques. CONCLUSION Noise-optimized VMI reconstructions significantly improve contrast and lesion demarcation of hypoattenuating liver metastases in patients with the fatty liver disease compared to standard reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lenga
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marvin Lange
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christophe T Arendt
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Yel
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Booz
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - James Durden
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 25 Courtenary Drive, 29401 Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Doris Leithner
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas J Vogl
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Moritz H Albrecht
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Simon S Martin
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Tang K, Zhang B, Dong L, Wang L, Tang Z. Radiofrequency ablation versus traditional liver resection and chemotherapy for liver metastases from gastric cancer. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520940509. [PMID: 32687001 PMCID: PMC7372631 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520940509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the short- and long-term outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA)
versus liver resection and chemotherapy for liver metastases from gastric
cancer. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 50 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy
and local treatments for liver metastases (RFA, n = 20; liver resection,
n = 20; and chemotherapy, n = 10) from 2008 to 2018. Results The short- and long-term outcomes of each local treatment were evaluated. The
median overall survival (OS) after RFA was similar to that after liver
resection (20 vs. 20 months, respectively) and longer than that after
chemotherapy (20 vs. 10 months, respectively). The 3-year OS and
progression-free survival (PFS) rates after RFA were 20% and 10%,
respectively, while those in the liver resection group were 23.5% and 23.5%,
respectively. The 3-year OS rate after chemotherapy was 10%. The size and
number of metastases were prognostic factors for patients with gastric
cancer with liver metastasis without statistical significance. Conclusions Among patients with liver metastasis from gastric cancer, OS and PFS were
satisfactory and comparable between RFA and liver resection but better than
those of chemotherapy. RFA is an appropriate option for patients with
gastric cancer who have a solitary liver metastasis measuring ≤3.0 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhong Tang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Linping Dong
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lantian Wang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Department of Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, PR China
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