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Castro N, Vilela B, Mata-Sucre Y, Marques A, Gagnon E, Lewis GP, Costa L, Souza G. Repeatome evolution across space and time: Unravelling repeats dynamics in the plant genus Erythrostemon Klotzsch (Leguminosae Juss). Mol Ecol 2024:e17510. [PMID: 39248108 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Fluctuations in genomic repetitive fractions (repeatome) are known to impact several facets of evolution, such as ecological adaptation and speciation processes. Therefore, investigating the divergence of repetitive elements can provide insights into an important evolutionary force. However, it is not clear how the different repetitive element clades are impacted by the different factors such as ecological changes and/or phylogeny. To discuss this, we used the Neotropical legume genus Erythrostemon (Caesalpinioideae) as a model, given its ancient origin (~33 Mya), lineage-specific niche conservatism, macroecological heterogeneity, and disjunct distribution in Meso- and South American (MA and SA respectively) lineages. We performed a comparative repeatomic analysis of 18 Erythrostemon species to test the impact of environmental variables over repeats diversification. Overall, repeatome composition was diverse, with high abundances of satDNAs and Ty3/gypsy-Tekay transposable elements, predominantly in the MA and SA lineages respectively. However, unexpected repeatome profiles unrelated to the phylogeny/biogeography were found in a few MA (E. coccineus, E. pannosus and E. placidus) and SA (E. calycinus) species, related to reticulate evolution and incongruence between nuclear and plastid topology, suggesting ancient hybridizations. The plesiomorphic Tekay and satDNA pattern was altered in the MA-sensu stricto subclade with a striking genomic differentiation (expansion of satDNA and retraction of Tekay) associated with the colonization of a new environment in Central America around 20 Mya. Our data reveal that the current species-specific Tekay pool was the result of two bursts of amplification probably in the Miocene, with distinct patterns for the MA and SA repeatomes. This suggests a strong role of the Tekay elements as modulators of the genome-environment interaction in Erythrostemon, providing macroevolutionary insights about mechanisms of repeatome differentiation and plant diversification across space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Castro
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Bruno Vilela
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Yennifer Mata-Sucre
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - André Marques
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - Lucas Costa
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Souza
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Estrada-Castillón E, Villarreal-Quintanilla JÁ, Cuéllar-Rodríguez G, Torres-Colín L, Encina-Domínguez JA, Sánchez-Salas J, Muro-Pérez G, González-Cuéllar DA, Galván-García OM, Rubio-Pequeño LG, Mora-Olivo A. The Fabaceae in Northeastern Mexico (Subfamilies Caesalpinioideae (Excluding Tribe Mimoseae), Cercidoideae, and Detarioideae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2477. [PMID: 39273961 PMCID: PMC11397501 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
As part of the Fabaceae project of northeastern Mexico and based on field work, collection of botanical samples over the past 37 years, and reviewing botanical materials in national and international herbaria, the diversity of legumes of the subfamilies Caesalpinioideae (excluding tribe Mimoseae), Cercidoideae, and Detarioideae in northeastern Mexico has been recorded. New nomenclatural changes in tribes and genera of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae found in the new scientific bibliography are included. The subfamily Caesalpinioideae (excluding the tribe Mimoseae) includes five tribes: tribe Caesalpinieae, with eight genera (Caesalpinia, Coulteria, Denisophytum, Erythrostemon, Guilandina, Hoffmannseggia, Haematoxylum, and Pomaria) and 21 species; tribe Cassieae with three genera (Cassia, Chamaecrita, and Senna) and 28 species; tribe Ceratonieae with one genus (Ceratonia) and 1 species; tribe Gleditsieae with one genus (Gleditsia) and 1 species. The subfamily Cercidoideae includes two genera (Bauhinia and Cercis) and eight species, and the subfamily Detarioideae includes only one genus and one species (Tamarindus indicus). The total flora of these three subfamilies comprises 18 genera and 63 species, including 56 native species and 7 exotic ones: Bauhinia variegata, Cassia fistula, Ceratonia siliqua, Delonix regia, Erythrostemon gilliesii, Senna alata, and Tamarindus indicus. Endemism includes a total of 22 species and nine infraspecific categories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leticia Torres-Colín
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónomoa de Mexico, A.P. 70-233, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Jaime Sánchez-Salas
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico
| | - Gisela Muro-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Arturo Mora-Olivo
- Instituto de Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria 87019, Mexico
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Feng R, Xu JX, Luan XY, Wang XN, Shen T, Ren DM, Wang XL. Chemical constituents with antioxidant activity from the branches and leaves of Hultholia mimosoides. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 223:114131. [PMID: 38705264 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Four undescribed homoisoflavanoids (1-4), one homoflavonoid (5), ten dibenzoxocin derivatives (6a-10a and 6b-10b), one dibenzoxocin-derived phenolic compound (11), one diterpenoid (13), three aliphatic dicarboxylic acid derivatives (14-16), together with the known diterpenoid 12-O-ethylneocaesalpin B (12) were obtained from the branches and leaves of Hultholia mimosoides. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques. Notably, each of the dibenzoxocins 6-10 existed as a pair of interconvertible atropisomers and the conformation for these compounds was clarified by NMR and ECD analyses. Protosappanin F (11) was a previously undescribed dibenzoxocin-derived compound in which one of the benzene rings was hydrogenated to a polyoxygenated cyclohexane ring and an ether linkage was established between C-6 and C-12a. The isolated polyphenols were tested for induction of quinone reductase and compounds 3 and 8 showed potent QR-inducing activity in Hepa-1c1c7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Feng
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Bei-Yuan Street, Jinan, 250033, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wen-Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Jia-Xin Xu
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Bei-Yuan Street, Jinan, 250033, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wen-Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yi Luan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wen-Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wen-Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wen-Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wen-Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Bei-Yuan Street, Jinan, 250033, PR China.
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Bruneau A, de Queiroz LP, Ringelberg JJ, Borges LM, Bortoluzzi RLDC, Brown GK, Cardoso DBOS, Clark RP, Conceição ADS, Cota MMT, Demeulenaere E, de Stefano RD, Ebinger JE, Ferm J, Fonseca-Cortés A, Gagnon E, Grether R, Guerra E, Haston E, Herendeen PS, Hernández HM, Hopkins HCF, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I, Hughes CE, Ickert-Bond SM, Iganci J, Koenen EJM, Lewis GP, de Lima HC, de Lima AG, Luckow M, Marazzi B, Maslin BR, Morales M, Morim MP, Murphy DJ, O’Donnell SA, Oliveira FG, Oliveira ACDS, Rando JG, Ribeiro PG, Ribeiro CL, Santos FDS, Seigler DS, da Silva GS, Simon MF, Soares MVB, Terra V. Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae. Part 2: Higher-level classification. PHYTOKEYS 2024; 240:1-552. [PMID: 38912426 PMCID: PMC11188994 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Caesalpinioideae is the second largest subfamily of legumes (Leguminosae) with ca. 4680 species and 163 genera. It is an ecologically and economically important group formed of mostly woody perennials that range from large canopy emergent trees to functionally herbaceous geoxyles, lianas and shrubs, and which has a global distribution, occurring on every continent except Antarctica. Following the recent re-circumscription of 15 Caesalpinioideae genera as presented in Advances in Legume Systematics 14, Part 1, and using as a basis a phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear gene sequences for 420 species and all but five of the genera currently recognised in the subfamily, we present a new higher-level classification for the subfamily. The new classification of Caesalpinioideae comprises eleven tribes, all of which are either new, reinstated or re-circumscribed at this rank: Caesalpinieae Rchb. (27 genera / ca. 223 species), Campsiandreae LPWG (2 / 5-22), Cassieae Bronn (7 / 695), Ceratonieae Rchb. (4 / 6), Dimorphandreae Benth. (4 / 35), Erythrophleeae LPWG (2 /13), Gleditsieae Nakai (3 / 20), Mimoseae Bronn (100 / ca. 3510), Pterogyneae LPWG (1 / 1), Schizolobieae Nakai (8 / 42-43), Sclerolobieae Benth. & Hook. f. (5 / ca. 113). Although many of these lineages have been recognised and named in the past, either as tribes or informal generic groups, their circumscriptions have varied widely and changed over the past decades, such that all the tribes described here differ in generic membership from those previously recognised. Importantly, the approximately 3500 species and 100 genera of the former subfamily Mimosoideae are now placed in the reinstated, but newly circumscribed, tribe Mimoseae. Because of the large size and ecological importance of the tribe, we also provide a clade-based classification system for Mimoseae that includes 17 named lower-level clades. Fourteen of the 100 Mimoseae genera remain unplaced in these lower-level clades: eight are resolved in two grades and six are phylogenetically isolated monogeneric lineages. In addition to the new classification, we provide a key to genera, morphological descriptions and notes for all 163 genera, all tribes, and all named clades. The diversity of growth forms, foliage, flowers and fruits are illustrated for all genera, and for each genus we also provide a distribution map, based on quality-controlled herbarium specimen localities. A glossary for specialised terms used in legume morphology is provided. This new phylogenetically based classification of Caesalpinioideae provides a solid system for communication and a framework for downstream analyses of biogeography, trait evolution and diversification, as well as for taxonomic revision of still understudied genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bruneau
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale and Département de Sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke E., Montreal (QC) H1X 2B2, CanadaUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
| | - Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Jens J. Ringelberg
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, SwitzerlandUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UKUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Leonardo M. Borges
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Botânica, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
| | - Roseli Lopes da Costa Bortoluzzi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Avenida Luiz de Camões 2090, 88520-000, Lages, Santa Catarina, BrazilUniversidade do Estado de Santa CatarinaSanta CatarinaBrazil
| | - Gillian K. Brown
- Queensland Herbarium and Biodiversity Science, Department of Environment and Science, Toowong, Queensland, 4066, AustraliaQueensland Herbarium and Biodiversity ScienceToowongAustralia
| | - Domingos B. O. S. Cardoso
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Evolução (PPGBioEvo), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s.n., Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de BahiaSalvadorBrazil
| | - Ruth P. Clark
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UKRoyal Botanic GardensRichmondUnited Kingdom
| | - Adilva de Souza Conceição
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Diversidade Vegetal, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Herbário HUNEB, Campus VIII, Rua do Gangorra 503, 48608-240, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, BrazilUniversidade do Estado da BahiaBahiaBrazil
| | - Matheus Martins Teixeira Cota
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Else Demeulenaere
- Center for Island Sustainability and Sea Grant, University of Guam, UOG Station, Mangilao, 96923, GuamUniversity of GuamMangilaoGuam
| | - Rodrigo Duno de Stefano
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C. (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130 x 32 y 34, Chuburná de Hidalgo; CP 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C.MéridaMexico
| | - John E. Ebinger
- Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL 61920, USAEastern Illinois UniversityCharlestonUnited States of America
| | - Julia Ferm
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, 10691, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Andrés Fonseca-Cortés
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph (ON) N1G 2W1, CanadaRoyal Botanic Garden EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, GermanyUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UKTechnical University MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Rosaura Grether
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Apdo. Postal 55-535, 09340 Ciudad de México, MexicoUniversidad Autónoma Metropolitana-IztapalapaCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Ethiéne Guerra
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Bloco IV - Prédio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Elspeth Haston
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UKTechnical University MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Patrick S. Herendeen
- Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL 60022, USAChicago Botanic GardenGlencoeUnited States of America
| | - Héctor M. Hernández
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, MexicoUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Helen C. F. Hopkins
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UKRoyal Botanic GardensRichmondUnited Kingdom
| | - Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco
- Herbario Alwyn Gentry (HAG), Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios (UNAMAD), AV. Jorge Chávez N°1160, Madre de Dios, PeruUniversidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de DiosMadre de DiosPeru
| | - Colin E. Hughes
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, SwitzerlandUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Stefanie M. Ickert-Bond
- Department of Biology & Wildlife & Herbarium (ALA) at the University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 756960, Fairbanks AK 99775-6960, USAUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUnited States of America
| | - João Iganci
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Bloco IV - Prédio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, Passeio André Dreyfus, Departamento de Botânica, Prédio 21, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010-900, BrazilUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasBrazil
| | - Erik J. M. Koenen
- Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Campus du Solbosch - CP 160/12, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50, 1050 Bruxelles, BelgiumUniversité Libre de BruxellesBruxellesBelgium
| | - Gwilym P. Lewis
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UKRoyal Botanic GardensRichmondUnited Kingdom
| | - Haroldo Cavalcante de Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica / INMA-MCTI, Av. José Ruschi, 4, Centro, 29650-000, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, BrazilInstituto Nacional da Mata AtlânticaSanta TeresaBrazil
| | - Alexandre Gibau de Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Melissa Luckow
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, 215 Garden Avenue, Roberts Hall 260, Ithaca, NY 14853, USACornell UniversityIthacaUnited States of America
| | - Brigitte Marazzi
- Natural History Museum of Canton Ticino, Viale C. Cattaneo 4, 6900 Lugano, SwitzerlandNatural History Museum of Canton TicinoLuganoSwitzerland
| | - Bruce R. Maslin
- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia, 6983, AustraliaWestern Australian HerbariumBentley Delivery CentreAustralia
- Singapore Herbarium, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore HerbariumSingaporeSingapore
| | - Matías Morales
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, CIRN–CNIA, INTA. N. Repetto & Los Reseros s.n., Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Recursos BiológicosBuenos AiresArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Marli Pires Morim
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, AustraliaRoyal Botanic Gardens VictoriaVictoriaAustralia
| | - Shawn A. O’Donnell
- Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UKNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | - Filipe Gomes Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Ana Carla da Silva Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Juliana Gastaldello Rando
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Rua Professor José Seabra Lemos 316, 47800-021, Barreiras, Bahia, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Oeste da BahiaBarreirasBrazil
| | - Pétala Gomes Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Carolina Lima Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Felipe da Silva Santos
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - David S. Seigler
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USAUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaUnited States of America
| | - Guilherme Sousa da Silva
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-876, São Paulo/SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de CampinasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marcelo F. Simon
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Caixa Postal 02372, 70770-917, Brasília/DF, BrazilEmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa AgropecuáriaBrasíliaBrazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius Batista Soares
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Bloco IV - Prédio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Vanessa Terra
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaSanta MariaBrazil
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5
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Rees M, Neaves LE, Lewis GP, de Lima HC, Gagnon E. Phylogenomic and morphological data reveal hidden patterns of diversity in the national tree of Brazil, Paubrasilia echinata. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16241. [PMID: 37672601 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Paubrasilia echinata (common names, pau brasil, brazilwood) is the national tree of Brazil and an endangered species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Over its wide distribution of 2000 km, its leaflets morphology exhibits extensive plasticity. Three morphotypes are commonly identified based on leaf size, but it is unclear if they represent distinct taxa or a single polymorphic species. This study aims to clarify the taxonomic position of the three morphotypes to inform conservation decisions. METHODS A morphometric study of leaf characters of herbarium specimens was coupled with genetic analyses using genotype-by-sequencing data. We used maximum-likelihood and coalescent methods to evaluate the phylogenetic and population structure of the species. We compared these with a morphological dendrogram built from hierarchical clustering. RESULTS Two of the three morphotypes formed separately evolving lineages, the third morphotype formed two geographically separate lineages, and northern trees with intermediate leaf morphology formed a separate fifth lineage. Leaflet size varied by over 35-fold, and although morphological clustering generally matched the genetic patterns, there were some overlaps, highlighting the cryptic diversity within this group. CONCLUSIONS Our genetic and morphological results provide some evidence that cultivated trees from different states in Brazil seem to have a limited genetic origin and do not reflect the broader genetic and geographical diversity of the species. As a result, more care is likely needed to preserve the overall genomic diversity of this endangered and iconic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Rees
- Tropical Diversity, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH5 3LR, UK
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Linda E Neaves
- Tropical Diversity, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH5 3LR, UK
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Haroldo C de Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-030, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica/INMA-MCTI, Av. José Ruschi, 4, Centro, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85352, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- Department of Integrative BIology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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6
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Pattaro-Júnior JR, Araújo IG, Moraes CB, Barbosa CG, Philippsen GS, Freitas-Junior LH, Guidi AC, de Mello JCP, Peralta RM, Fernandez MA, Teixeira RR, Seixas FAV. Antiviral activity of Cenostigma pluviosum var. peltophoroides extract and fractions against SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:7297-7308. [PMID: 36069130 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2120078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Few extracts of plant species from the Brazilian flora have been validated from a pharmacological and clinical point of view, and it is important to determine whether their traditional use is proven by pharmacological effects. Cenostigma pluviosum var. peltophoroides is one of those plants, which belongs to the Fabaceae family that is widely used in traditional medicine and is very rich in tannins. Due to the lack of effective drugs to treat severe cases of Covid-19, the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) becomes an attractive target in the research for new antivirals since this enzyme is crucial for virus replication and does not have homologs in humans. This study aimed to prospect inhibitor candidates among the compounds from C. pluviosum extract, by virtual screening simulations using SARS-CoV-2 Mpro as target. Experimental validation was made by inhibitory proteolytic assays of recombinant Mpro and by antiviral activity with infected Vero cells. Docking simulations identify four compounds with potential inhibitory activity of Mpro present in the extract. The compound pentagalloylglucose showed the best result in proteolytic kinetics experiments, with suppression of recombinant Mpro activity by approximately 60%. However, in experiments with infected cells ethyl acetate fraction and sub-fractions, F2 and F4 of C. pluviosum extract performed better than pentagalloylglucose, reaching close to 100% of antiviral activity. The prominent activity of the extract fractions in infected cells may be a result of a synergistic effect from the different hydrolyzable tannins present, performing simultaneous action on Mpro and other targets from SARS-CoV-2 and host.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Renato Pattaro-Júnior
- Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Departamento de Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Garcia Araújo
- Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Departamento de Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Carolina Guidi
- PalaFito Laboratory, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Rosane Marina Peralta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Fernandez
- Laboratório de Organização Funcional do Núcleo, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Róbson Ricardo Teixeira
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Flavio Augusto Vicente Seixas
- Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Departamento de Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
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7
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Gomes AS, Callaway RM, Rabelo BS, Petry GL, Barbosa EM, Borghetti F. Competition for water and rapid exclusion of an island endemic by a pantropical species in a tropical climate. Oecologia 2023; 201:901-914. [PMID: 36973609 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Water availability has major effects on community structure and dynamics globally, yet our understanding of competition for water in the tropics is limited. On the tropical Trindade Island, we explored competition for water in the context of the rapid exclusion of an endemic sedge, Cyperus atlanticus (Cyperaceae), by a pantropical, N-fixing shrub, Guilandina bonduc (Fabaceae). Guilandina patches were generally surrounded by rings of bare soil, and dead Cyperus halos commonly surrounded these bare zones. With geo-referenced measurements, we showed that Guilandina patches and bare soil zones rapidly expanded and replaced adjacent Cyperus populations. We found that soil water potentials were much lower in bare soils than soils under Guilandina or Cyperus, and that leaf water potentials of Cyperus plants were lower when co-occurring with Guilandina than when alone. When Guilandina was removed experimentally, Cyperus populations expanded and largely covered the bare soil zones. Our results indicate that when Guilandina establishes, its root systems expand beyond its canopies and these roots pull water from soils beneath Cyperus and kill it, creating bare zone halos, and then Guilandina expands and repeats the process. This scenario indicates rapid competitive exclusion and displacement of an endemic by a common pantropical species, at least in part through competition for water.
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8
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Ahmed SI, Jamil S, Ismatullah H, Hussain R, Bibi S, Khandaker MU, Naveed A, Idris AM, Emran TB. A comprehensive perspective of traditional Arabic or Islamic medicinal plants as an adjuvant therapy against COVID-19. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103561. [PMID: 36684115 PMCID: PMC9838045 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pulmonary disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. More than 200 million individuals are infected by this globally. Pyrexia, coughing, shortness of breath, headaches, diarrhoea, sore throats, and body aches are among the typical symptoms of COVID-19. The virus enters into the host body by interacting with the ACE2 receptor. Despite many SARS-CoV-2 vaccines manufactured by distinct strategies but any evidence-based particular medication to combat COVID-19 is not available yet. However, further research is required to determine the safety and effectiveness profile of the present therapeutic approaches. In this study, we provide a summary of Traditional Arabic or Islamic medicinal (TAIM) plants' historical use and their present role as adjuvant therapy for COVID-19. Herein, six medicinal plants Aloe barbadensis Miller, Olea europaea, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Nigella sativa, Cassia angustifolia, and Ficus carica have been studied based upon their pharmacological activities against viral infections. These plants include phytochemicals that have antiviral, immunomodulatory, antiasthmatic, antipyretic, and antitussive properties. These bioactive substances could be employed to control symptoms and enhance the development of a possible COVID-19 medicinal synthesis. To determine whether or if these TAIMs may be used as adjuvant therapy and are appropriate, a detailed evaluation is advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabina Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan,The Standard College for Girls, 3/530 Paris Road, Sialkot Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Jamil
- The Standard College for Girls, 3/530 Paris Road, Sialkot Pakistan
| | - Humaira Ismatullah
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Hussain
- Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan,Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Center for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aisha Naveed
- Caribbean Medical University, Willemastad, Curacao-Caribbean Island, Curaçao
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia,Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh,Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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9
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Ebinghaus M, Dos Santos MDM, Tonelli GSSS, Macagnan D, Carvalho EA, Dianese JC. Raveneliopsis, a new genus of ravenelioid rust fungi on Cenostigma (Caesalpinioideae) from the Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga. Mycologia 2023; 115:263-276. [PMID: 36912901 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2023.2177048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The multicellular discoid convex teliospore heads represent a prominent generic feature of the genus Ravenelia. However, recent molecular phylogenetic work has shown that this is a convergent trait, and that this genus does not represent a natural group. In 2000, a rust fungus infecting the Caesalpinioid species Cenostigma macrophyllum (= C. gardnerianum) was described as Ravenelia cenostigmatis. This species shows some rare features, such as an extra layer of sterile cells between the cysts and the fertile teliospores, spirally ornamented urediniospores, as well as strongly incurved paraphyses giving the telia and uredinia a basket-like appearance. Using freshly collected specimens of Rav. cenostigmatis and Rav. spiralis on C. macrophyllum, our phylogenetic analyses based on the nuc 28S, nuc 18S, and mt CO3 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3) gene sequences demonstrated that these two rust fungi belong in a lineage within the Raveneliineae that is distinct from Ravenelia s. str. Besides proposing their recombination into the new genus Raveneliopsis (type species R. cenostigmatis) and briefly discussing their potentially close phylogenetic affiliations, we suggest that five other Ravenelia species that are morphologically and ecologically close to the type species of Raveneliopsis, i.e., Rav. corbula, Rav. corbuloides, Rav. parahybana, Rav. pileolarioides, and Rav. Striatiformis, may be recombined pending new collections and confirmation through molecular phylogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Ebinghaus
- Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico, U9200 Esquel, Argentina
| | | | | | - Dirceu Macagnan
- Instituto Federal de Brasília, Rodovia DF 128, Km 21S/N Zona Rural, Brasília 73380-900, Brazil
| | - Eudes Arruda Carvalho
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Av. W5 Norte, 70770-917 Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jose C Dianese
- Departamento de Fitopatologia/Biologia Celular-Biologia Microbiana, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Brazil
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10
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Ringelberg JJ, Koenen EJ, Sauter B, Aebli A, Rando JG, Iganci JR, de Queiroz LP, Murphy DJ, Gaudeul M, Bruneau A, Luckow M, Lewis GP, Miller JT, Simon MF, Jordão LS, Morales M, Bailey CD, Nageswara-Rao M, Nicholls JA, Loiseau O, Pennington RT, Dexter KG, Zimmermann NE, Hughes CE. Precipitation is the main axis of tropical plant phylogenetic turnover across space and time. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade4954. [PMID: 36800419 PMCID: PMC10957106 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade4954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Early natural historians-Comte de Buffon, von Humboldt, and De Candolle-established environment and geography as two principal axes determining the distribution of groups of organisms, laying the foundations for biogeography over the subsequent 200 years, yet the relative importance of these two axes remains unresolved. Leveraging phylogenomic and global species distribution data for Mimosoid legumes, a pantropical plant clade of c. 3500 species, we show that the water availability gradient from deserts to rain forests dictates turnover of lineages within continents across the tropics. We demonstrate that 95% of speciation occurs within a precipitation niche, showing profound phylogenetic niche conservatism, and that lineage turnover boundaries coincide with isohyets of precipitation. We reveal similar patterns on different continents, implying that evolution and dispersal follow universal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens J. Ringelberg
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erik J. M. Koenen
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Sauter
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anahita Aebli
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juliana G. Rando
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Rua Prof. José Seabra de Lemos, 316, Bairro Recanto dos Pássaros, 47808-021 Barreiras-BA, Brazil
| | - João R. Iganci
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, Travessa André Dreyfus s/n, 96010-900 Capão do Leão-RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano P. de Queiroz
- Departamento Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900 Feira de Santana-BA, Brazil
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Ave., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Myriam Gaudeul
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), MNHN-CNRS-SU-EPHE-UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale and Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke St E, Montreal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Melissa Luckow
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, 215 Garden Avenue, Roberts Hall 260, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Gwilym P. Lewis
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Joseph T. Miller
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Marcelo F. Simon
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70770-901 Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Lucas S. B. Jordão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030 Rua Pacheco Leão-RJ, Brazil
| | - Matías Morales
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, CIRN-CNIA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham 1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1425FQB Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Universidad de Morón, B1708JPD Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C. Donovan Bailey
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88001, USA
| | - Madhugiri Nageswara-Rao
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33158, USA
| | - James A. Nicholls
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Oriane Loiseau
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
| | - R. Toby Pennington
- Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Laver Building, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QE, UK
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Kyle G. Dexter
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Niklaus E. Zimmermann
- Department of Environmental System Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Colin E. Hughes
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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de Faria SM, Ringelberg JJ, Gross E, Koenen EJM, Cardoso D, Ametsitsi GKD, Akomatey J, Maluk M, Tak N, Gehlot HS, Wright KM, Teaumroong N, Songwattana P, de Lima HC, Prin Y, Zartman CE, Sprent JI, Ardley J, Hughes CE, James EK. The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:2365-2377. [PMID: 35901264 PMCID: PMC9541511 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis is globally important in ecosystem functioning and agriculture, yet the evolutionary history of nodulation remains the focus of considerable debate. Recent evidence suggesting a single origin of nodulation followed by massive parallel evolutionary losses raises questions about why a few lineages in the N2 -fixing clade retained nodulation and diversified as stable nodulators, while most did not. Within legumes, nodulation is restricted to the two most diverse subfamilies, Papilionoideae and Caesalpinioideae, which show stable retention of nodulation across their core clades. We characterize two nodule anatomy types across 128 species in 56 of the 152 genera of the legume subfamily Caesalpinioideae: fixation thread nodules (FTs), where nitrogen-fixing bacteroids are retained within the apoplast in modified infection threads, and symbiosomes, where rhizobia are symplastically internalized in the host cell cytoplasm within membrane-bound symbiosomes (SYMs). Using a robust phylogenomic tree based on 997 genes from 147 Caesalpinioideae genera, we show that losses of nodulation are more prevalent in lineages with FTs than those with SYMs. We propose that evolution of the symbiosome allows for a more intimate and enduring symbiosis through tighter compartmentalization of their rhizobial microsymbionts, resulting in greater evolutionary stability of nodulation across this species-rich pantropical legume clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M. de Faria
- Embrapa Agrobiologia465 km 07, SeropédicaRio de JaneiroBR23891‐000Brazil
| | - Jens J. Ringelberg
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZollikerstrasse 107ZurichCH‐8008Switzerland
| | - Eduardo Gross
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e AmbientaisUniversidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC)IlhéusBA45662‐900Brazil
| | - Erik J. M. Koenen
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZollikerstrasse 107ZurichCH‐8008Switzerland
| | - Domingos Cardoso
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution (INCT IN‐TREE)Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Bahia (UFBA)Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s.n., OndinaSalvador40170‐115BABrazil
| | | | - John Akomatey
- CSIR‐Forestry Research Institute of GhanaFUMESUAPO Box UP 63 KNUSTKumasiGhana
| | - Marta Maluk
- The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Nisha Tak
- Department of Botany, BNF and Microbial Genomics Lab.Center of Advanced Study, Jai Narain Vyas UniversityJodhpur342001RajasthanIndia
| | - Hukam S. Gehlot
- Department of Botany, BNF and Microbial Genomics Lab.Center of Advanced Study, Jai Narain Vyas UniversityJodhpur342001RajasthanIndia
| | | | - Neung Teaumroong
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural TechnologySuranaree University of TechnologyNakhonratchasima30000Thailand
| | - Pongpan Songwattana
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural TechnologySuranaree University of TechnologyNakhonratchasima30000Thailand
| | - Haroldo C. de Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ/MMA)Rua Pacheco Leão 915Rio de Janeiro22460‐030RJBrazil
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica (INMA‐MCTI)Av. José Ruschi 4Santa Teresa29650‐000ESBrazil
| | - Yves Prin
- CIRAD, UMR LSTMCampus de Baillarguet34398Montpellier Cedex 5France
| | - Charles E. Zartman
- Departamento de BiodiversidadeInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)Av. André Araújo Aleixo, Caixa Postal 478Manaus69060‐001AMBrazil
| | - Janet I. Sprent
- Division of Plant SciencesUniversity of Dundee at The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Julie Ardley
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia
| | - Colin E. Hughes
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZollikerstrasse 107ZurichCH‐8008Switzerland
| | - Euan K. James
- The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeDD2 5DAUK
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12
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Ortiz-López T, Borges-Argáez R, Ayora-Talavera G, Canto-Ramírez E, Cetina-Montejo L, May-May Á, Escalante-Erosa F, Cáceres-Farfán M. Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Erythrostemon yucatanensis (Greenm.) Gagnon & GP Lewis Components with Anti-hemagglutinin Binding Activity against Influenza A/H1N1 Virus. Molecules 2022; 27:5494. [PMID: 36080262 PMCID: PMC9458041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythrostemon yucatanensis (Greenm.) Gagnon & GP Lewis is a legume tree native to and widely distributed in southeast Mexico, where its branches are used in traditional medicine. An in vitro evaluation of the antiviral activity of extracts and fractions from the leaves, stem bark and roots against two strains of the AH1N1 influenza virus was performed, leading to the identification of bioactive compounds in this medicinal plant. In a cytopathic effect reduction assay, the fractions from the leaves and stem bark were the active elements at the co-treatment level. These were further fractionated based on their hemagglutination inhibition activity. The analysis of spectroscopy data identified a combination of phytosterols (β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol) in the stem bark active fraction as the main anti-hemagglutinin binding components, while 5-hydroxy-2(2-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-7-metoxi-4H(chromen-4-ona), which was isolated from the leaf extracts, showed a weak inhibition of viral hemagglutinin. Time of addition experiments demonstrated that the mixture of sterols had a direct effect on viral particle infectivity at the co-treatment level (IC50 = 3.125 µg/mL). This effect was also observed in the virus plaque formation inhibition assay, where the mixture showed 90% inhibition in the first 20 min of co-treatment at the same concentration. Additionally, it was found using qRT-PCR that the NP copy number was reduced by 92.85% after 60 min of co-treatment. These results are the first report of components with anti-hemagglutinin binding activity in the genus Erythrostemon sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ortiz-López
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico
| | - Rocío Borges-Argáez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Ayora-Talavera
- Departamento de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Paseo de Las Fuentes, Mérida 97225, Mexico
| | | | | | - Ángel May-May
- Independent Researchers, Mérida, Yucatán 97000, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Escalante-Erosa
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico
| | - Mirbella Cáceres-Farfán
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico
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13
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Ringelberg JJ, Koenen EJM, Iganci JR, de Queiroz LP, Murphy DJ, Gaudeul M, Bruneau A, Luckow M, Lewis GP, Hughes CE. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). PHYTOKEYS 2022; 205:3-58. [PMID: 36762007 PMCID: PMC9848904 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Subfamily Caesalpinioideae with ca. 4,600 species in 152 genera is the second-largest subfamily of legumes (Leguminosae) and forms an ecologically and economically important group of trees, shrubs and lianas with a pantropical distribution. Despite major advances in the last few decades towards aligning genera with clades across Caesalpinioideae, generic delimitation remains in a state of considerable flux, especially across the mimosoid clade. We test the monophyly of genera across Caesalpinioideae via phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes sequenced via targeted enrichment (Hybseq) for 420 species and 147 of the 152 genera currently recognised in the subfamily. We show that 22 genera are non-monophyletic or nested in other genera and that non-monophyly is concentrated in the mimosoid clade where ca. 25% of the 90 genera are found to be non-monophyletic. We suggest two main reasons for this pervasive generic non-monophyly: (i) extensive morphological homoplasy that we document here for a handful of important traits and, particularly, the repeated evolution of distinctive fruit types that were historically emphasised in delimiting genera and (ii) this is an artefact of the lack of pantropical taxonomic syntheses and sampling in previous phylogenies and the consequent failure to identify clades that span the Old World and New World or conversely amphi-Atlantic genera that are non-monophyletic, both of which are critical for delimiting genera across this large pantropical clade. Finally, we discuss taxon delimitation in the phylogenomic era and especially how assessing patterns of gene tree conflict can provide additional insights into generic delimitation. This new phylogenomic framework provides the foundations for a series of papers reclassifying genera that are presented here in Advances in Legume Systematics (ALS) 14 Part 1, for establishing a new higher-level phylogenetic tribal and clade-based classification of Caesalpinioideae that is the focus of ALS14 Part 2 and for downstream analyses of evolutionary diversification and biogeography of this important group of legumes which are presented elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens J. Ringelberg
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008, Zurich, SwitzerlandUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Erik J. M. Koenen
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008, Zurich, SwitzerlandUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Present address: Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Campus du Solbosch - CP 160/12, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50, 1050 Bruxelles, BelgiumUniversité Libre de BruxellesBruxellesBelgium
| | - João R. Iganci
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, Travessa André Dreyfus s/n, Capão do Leão 96010-900, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilUniversidade Federal de PelotasRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Luciano P. de Queiroz
- Departamento Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina s/n – Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Ave., Melbourne, VIC 3004, AustraliaRoyal Botanic Gardens VictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Myriam Gaudeul
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), MNHN-CNRS-SU-EPHE-UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, FranceInstitut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB)ParisFrance
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale and Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke St E, Montreal, QC H1X 2B2, CanadaUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
| | - Melissa Luckow
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, 215 Garden Avenue, Roberts Hall 260, Ithaca, NY 14853, USACornell UniversityIthacaUnited States of America
| | - Gwilym P. Lewis
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UKAccelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic GardensRichmondUnited Kingdom
| | - Colin E. Hughes
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH 8008, Zurich, SwitzerlandUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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14
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Biodiversity in Urban Areas: The Extraordinary Case of Appia Antica Regional Park (Rome, Italy). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162122. [PMID: 36015425 PMCID: PMC9414419 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first inventory of the flora of Appia Antica Regional Park (Italy), one of the largest protected urban areas in Europe (4580 ha), its biological, ecological and biogeographical composition, and notes of the vegetation physiognomies and landscape are presented; physical characteristics of the territory (geomorphology, lithotypes, and phytoclimate) are also given. The landscape is defined by an agricultural matrix with natural and seminatural areas as patches, and riparian vegetation communities as corridors. The vegetation physiognomies are represented by types linked to the Mediterranean climate (mixed, Mediterranean, and riparian forests; scrubby, rocky, aquatic, and helophytic vegetation; anthropogenic communities). The floristic list includes 714 taxa (104 families and 403 genera). Therophytes prevail over hemicryptophytes; woody flora comprises about 30% of alien species. As regards chorotypes, together with a considerable number of Mediterranean species, there are many exotic species with wide distribution areas testifying to a long-lasting anthropic impact. Floristic novelties (european, national, and regional levels) for 21 taxa are reported. The extraordinary species diversity discovered (43% of flora of Rome and 20% of regional flora) is linked to the landscape heterogeneity, the characteristics of which are: (1) persistence of residual natural patches, (2) occurrence of quite well-preserved aquatic habitats and humid meadows, (3) a rich anthropogenic flora, (4) an interesting flora of archeological sites, (5) occurrence of species not common in Latium, (6) occurrence of populations of aliens in crops (which cause economic impact), (7) presence of aliens on archeological ruins (which cause economic-social impacts). The extensive set of data provided represents a general base framework for guiding future research efforts and landscape action plans consistent with environmental sustainability.
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15
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Uluer DA, Forest F, Armbruster S, Hawkins JA. Reconstructing an historical pollination syndrome: keel flowers. BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:45. [PMID: 35413792 PMCID: PMC9004149 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-02003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Keel flowers are bilaterally symmetrical, pentamerous flowers with three different petal types and reproductive organs enclosed by keel petals; generally there is also connation of floral parts such as stamens and keel petals. In this study, the evolution of keel flowers within the order Fabales is explored to investigate whether the establishment of this flower type within one of the species-rich families, the Fabaceae (Leguminosae), preceded and could have influenced the evolution of keel flowers in the Polygalaceae. We conducted molecular dating, and ancestral area and ancestral state analyses for a phylogeny constructed for 678 taxa using published matK, rbcL and trnL plastid gene regions.
Results
We reveal the temporal and spatial origins of keel flowers and traits associated with pollinators, specifically floral symmetry, the presence or absence of a pentamerous corolla and three distinct petal types, the presence or absence of enclosed reproductive organs, androecium types, inflorescence types, inflorescence size, flower size, plant height and habit. Ancestral area reconstructions show that at the time keel flowers appeared in the Polygaleae, subfamily Papilionoideae of the Fabaceae was already distributed almost globally; at least eight clades of the Papilionoideae had keel flowers with a functional morphology broadly similar to the morphology of the first evolving Polygaleae flowers.
Conclusions
The multiple origins of keel flowers within angiosperms likely represent convergence due to bee specialization, and therefore pollinator pressure. In the case of the Fabales, the first evolving keel flowers of Polygaleae have a functional morphology that corresponds with keel flowers of species of the Papilionoideae already present in the environment. These findings are consistent with the keel-flowered Polygaleae exploiting pollinators of keel-flowered Papilionoideae. The current study is the first to use ancestral reconstructions of traits associated with pollination to demonstrate that the multiple evolutionary origins of the keel flower pollinator syndrome in Fabales are consistent with, though do not prove, mimicry.
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16
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Chemical constituents from the leaves of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2021.104376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Clark RP, Jiang KW, Gagnon E. Reinstatement of Ticanto (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) - the final piece in the Caesalpinia group puzzle. PHYTOKEYS 2022; 205:59-98. [PMID: 36762008 PMCID: PMC9849013 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.205.82300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Caesalpinia group demonstrated that it comprises 26 genera, but the recognition of a putative 27th genus, Ticanto, remained in doubt. This study presents a phylogenetic analysis of ITS and five plastid loci revealing a robustly supported monophyletic group representing the Ticanto clade, sister to the morphologically distinct genus Pterolobium. Based upon this evidence, along with a morphological evaluation, the genus Ticanto is here reinstated. Descriptions are provided for all nine species of Ticanto, together with a key to the species, maps, and colour photographs. Nine new combinations are made: Ticantocaesia (Hand.-Mazz.) R. Clark & Gagnon, T.crista (L.) R. Clark & Gagnon, T.elliptifolia (S. J. Li, Z. Y. Chen & D. X. Zhang) R. Clark & Gagnon, T.magnifoliolata (Metcalf) R. Clark & Gagnon, T.rhombifolia R. Clark & Gagnon, T.sinensis (Hemsl.) R. Clark & Gagnon, T.szechuenensis (Craib) R. Clark & Gagnon, T.vernalis (Champion ex Benth.) R. Clark & Gagnon and T.yunnanensis (S. J. Li, D. X. Zhang & Z.Y. Chen) R. Clark & Gagnon. The final major question in the delimitation of segregate genera from within Caesalpinia sensu lato and the Caesalpinia group is thus resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth P. Clark
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UKRoyal Botanic GardensRichmondUnited Kingdom
| | - Kai-Wen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaSouth China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Ningbo Botanical Garden, Ningbo 315201, ChinaNingbo Botanical GardenNingboChina
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UKRoyal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith RowEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Emil-Ramman-St. 2, D-85354, Freising, Germanyechnical University of Munich, Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life SciencesFreisingGermany
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18
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Aecyo P, Marques A, Huettel B, Silva A, Esposito T, Ribeiro E, Leal IR, Gagnon E, Souza G, Pedrosa-Harand A. Plastome evolution in the Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae) and its application in phylogenomics and populations genetics. PLANTA 2021; 254:27. [PMID: 34236509 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast genomes of Caesalpinia group species are structurally conserved, but sequence level variation is useful for both phylogenomic and population genetic analyses. Variation in chloroplast genomes (plastomes) has been an important source of information in plant biology. The Caesalpinia group has been used as a model in studies correlating ecological and genomic variables, yet its intergeneric and infrageneric relationships are not fully solved, despite densely sampled phylogenies including nuclear and plastid loci by Sanger sequencing. Here, we present the de novo assembly and characterization of plastomes from 13 species from the Caesalpinia group belonging to eight genera. A comparative analysis was carried out with 13 other plastomes previously available, totalizing 26 plastomes and representing 15 of the 26 known Caesalpinia group genera. All plastomes showed a conserved quadripartite structure and gene repertoire, except for the loss of four ndh genes in Erythrostemon gilliesii. Thirty polymorphic regions were identified for inter- or intrageneric analyses. The 26 aligned plastomes were used for phylogenetic reconstruction, revealing a well-resolved topology, and dividing the Caesalpinia group into two fully supported clades. Sixteen microsatellite (cpSSR) loci were selected from Cenostigma microphyllum for primer development and at least two were cross-amplified in different Leguminosae subfamilies by in vitro or in silico approaches. Four loci were used to assess the genetic diversity of C. microphyllum in the Brazilian Caatinga. Our results demonstrate the structural conservation of plastomes in the Caesalpinia group, offering insights into its systematics and evolution, and provides new genomic tools for future phylogenetic, population genetics, and phylogeographic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Aecyo
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - André Marques
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bruno Huettel
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Tiago Esposito
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Elâine Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Plant-Animal Interaction, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genetics, University of Pernambuco - Campus Petrolina, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Inara R Leal
- Laboratory of Plant-Animal Interaction, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gustavo Souza
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Andrea Pedrosa-Harand
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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Abstract
A checklist of the legumes of Kerala State is presented. This exhaustive checklist is an outcome of extensive field surveys, collection, identification and documentation of family Leguminosae carried out across Kerala State during the period 2006–2019. A total of 448 taxa were recorded under five subfamilies and 115 genera. The majority of the legumes are herbs and shrubs, the rest being trees and woody climbers. About 81 taxa are endemic to India, especially confined to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, out of which 17 are endemic to Kerala. The state is home to two Critically Endangered and six Endangered legumes, facing severe threat of extinction. Crotalaria is the dominant legume genus in the state with 62 taxa followed by Desmodium and Indigofera. About 57 genera are represented by single species each. Legumes are treated according to the latest phylogenetic classification of the Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). Updated nomenclature, habit, native countries, voucher specimens, and images of endemic and lesser known legumes found in the state are provided. Crotalaria multiflora var. kurisumalayana (Sibichen & Nampy) Krishnaraj & N. Mohanan is reduced as a synonym to C. multiflora (Arn.) Benth.
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Mourão EDS, Carvalho TGCD, Lima SYEMD, Alencar Filho EBD. Identification of molecular scaffolds from Caatinga Brazilian biome with potential against Aedes aegypti by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Picot-Allain MCN, Sinan KI, Ak G, Etienne OK, Sieniawska E, Maciejewska-Turska M, Świątek Ł, Rajtar B, Polz-Dacewicz M. Chemical composition, biological properties and bioinformatics analysis of two Caesalpina species: A new light in the road from nature to pharmacy shelf. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 198:114018. [PMID: 33730614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Caesalpinia bonduc and C. decapeleta var. japonica have great importance in traditional medicine systems but scientific information's are still lacking for their potentials. To explore their bioactivity, we assessed the antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory abilities of the dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts prepared from the leaves and bark. The cytotoxicity and anticancer properties of the extracts were also assessed in vitro. The water extract of C. decapeleta leaves possessed highest phenolic content (108.16 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract), while the highest flavonoid content was recorded for the C. bonduc leaf methanolic extract (27.89 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g extract). In general, C. decapeleta extracts possessed higher radical scavenging potential compared to C. bonduc extracts. C. decapeleta DCM leaves extract (10.20 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g extract) showed highest inhibition against butyrylcholinesterase. The cytotoxicity of the most potent methanolic and aqueous extracts were assessed against four cell lines. The chemical profiles of both species appeared to be different. C. bonduc was abundant in organic and phenolic acids as well as their esters. Flavonoid glycosides, bonducellin and its derivatives and caesalminaxins were identified. Whereas, C. decalpetala possessed many galloylated compounds. The cytotoxicity of C. bonduc and C. decapetala extracts was tested using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) based assay on VERO (kidney of an adult African Green monkey cells), HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma cells), RKO (human colon carcinoma cells), FaDu (human hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells) cell lines. C. bonduc bark water extract exhibited the highest cytotoxicity towards HeLa (50 % cytotoxic concentration (CC50): 28.5 μg/mL) cancer cell line, as compared to normal VERO cells (CC50:35.87 μg/mL). For C. decapetala, the highest cytotoxicity was found for bark methanol extract on the HeLa cells with CC50 of 46.08 μg/mL and selectivity index of 3.33. In the gene ontology analysis, prostate cancer, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) signaling, proteoglycans in cancer pathways might support the results of the cytotoxic assays. These results showed that the tested Caesalpinia species, showing potent inhibitory action against butyrylcholinesterase, might represent novel phytotherapeutic avenues for the management of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
| | | | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gunes Ak
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ouattara Katinan Etienne
- Laboratoire de Botanique, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, Lublin, 20-093, Poland
| | | | - Łukasz Świątek
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Rajtar
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
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Late Campanian fossil of a legume fruit supports Mexico as a center of Fabaceae radiation. Commun Biol 2021; 4:41. [PMID: 33446929 PMCID: PMC7809014 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabaceae is one of the most diverse angiosperm families and is distributed across the globe in a variety of environments. The earliest evidence of the family, previous to this work, was from Paleogene sediments where it was found to be diverse in many fossil assemblages around the world. Here, we describe a fossil legume fruit from the Olmos Formation (upper Campanian) in northern Mexico. We designated the fossil fruit as Leguminocarpum olmensis Centeno-González, Martínez-Cabrera, Porras-Múzquiz et Estrada-Ruiz sp. nov., and related it with the Fabaceae family based on the presence of a dehiscent pod with two valves, an apex bearing stylar base, short stipe, and reticulated veins in the pericarp. We propose a new fossil species of Leguminocarpum for this fossil fruit. This fossil provides critical information on the long geologic history of Leguminosae around the world, significantly extending the record into the Cretaceous of Mexico.
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23
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de Sousa LMS, Santos BNG, Medeiros MDGF, Lima IBC, Santos-Filho FS, Santana ACSGV, Moreno LCGAI, Nunes LCC. Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul) L.P. Queiroz: A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological-pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113181. [PMID: 32687960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) LP Queiroz (Fabaceae) is an endemic tree in the Northeast of Brazil. Its flowers, leaves, stem bark and root have been used over the years to treat infections, abdominal pain, inflammation, diarrhea, heartburn, and dyspepsia. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is a critical assessment of the state-of-the-art concerning traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of P. pyramidalis performed through the application of a robust research strategy to explore the therapeutic potential of P. pyramidalis extracts and isolated compounds for the treatment of human disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information related to this review was systematically collected from scientific literature databases for P. pyramidalis, including papers and patents (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google scholar, INPI, WIPO, EPO and USPTO), published books (e.g. Plantas Forrageiras das Caatingas), dissertations and theses. Plant taxonomy has been confirmed in the "The Plant List" database (www.theplantlist.org). RESULTS Phytochemical analysis of P. pyramidalis shows several constituents such as flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenylpropanoids. The extract and isolated constituents exhibited a wide range of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects including antimicrobial, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective and neuroprotective activities. In addition, toxicity studies showed that the administration of P. pyramidalis extract was safe in non-pregnant rats but displayed teratogenic effects in rats and goats. On the other hand, the search in patent databases reported a single filing, which highlights the disparity between a large number of published scientific articles versus the almost nonexistent filing of patents. This fact evidences a still little explored technological potential of the species. CONCLUSION P. pyramidalis represents an important therapeutic resource for the population from the Northeast of Brazil. Pharmacological studies confirmed the effectiveness of the extract or isolated compounds in the treatment of various pathologies traditionally treated with P. pyramidalis. The authors emphasize the need for in-depth research and future clinical trials in order to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of P. pyramidalis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda N G Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Izabela B C Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lina Clara G A I Moreno
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil; Immunophatology Keizo-Asami Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
| | - Lívio C C Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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24
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Mata-Sucre Y, Sader M, Van-Lume B, Gagnon E, Pedrosa-Harand A, Leitch IJ, Lewis GP, Souza G. How diverse is heterochromatin in the Caesalpinia group? Cytogenomic characterization of Erythrostemon hughesii Gagnon & G.P. Lewis (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). PLANTA 2020; 252:49. [PMID: 32918627 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cytogenomic characterization of Erythrostemon hughesii reveals a heterogeneity of repeats in its subtelomeric heterochromatin. Comparative analyses with other Caesalpinia group species reveal a significant reduction in the abundance of Ty3-gypsy/Chromovirus Tekay retrotransposons during its evolution. In numerically stable karyotypes, repetitive DNA variability is one of the main causes of genome and chromosome variation and evolution. Species from the Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae) are karyotypically characterized by 2n = 24, with small chromosomes and highly variable CMA+ heterochromatin banding patterns that correlate with environmental variables. Erythrostemon hughesii differs from other species of the group examined to date for having subtelomeric CMA+ bands; this contrasts with most species in the group which have proximal bands. Here we analyse the repeatome of E. hughesii using genome skimming and chromosomal mapping approaches to characterize the identity of the most abundant repetitive elements and their physical location. The repetitive fraction of E. hughesii comprises 28.73% of the genome. The most abundant elements were retrotransposons (RT) with long terminal repeats (LTR-RT; 9.76%) and satellite DNAs (7.83%). Within the LTR-RTs, the most abundant lineages were: Ty1/copia-Ale (1%), Ty3/gypsy CRM (0.88%) and Ty3/gypsy Athila (0.75%). Using fluorescent in situ hybridization four satellite DNAs and several LTR-RT elements were shown to be present in most subtelomeric CMA+ bands. These results highlight how the repeatome in E. hughesii, a species from Oaxaca state in Mexico, is clearly distinct from Northeast Brazilian species of the Caesalpinia group, mainly due to its high diversity of repeats in its subtelomeric heterochromatic bands and low amount of LTR-RT Ty3/gypsy-Tekay elements. Comparative sequence analysis of Tekay elements from different species is congruent with a clade-specific origin of this LTR-RT after the divergence of the Caesalpinia group. We hypothesize that repeat-rich heterochromatin may play a role in leading to faster genomic divergence between individuals, increasing speciation and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yennifer Mata-Sucre
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Mariela Sader
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Brena Van-Lume
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5NZ, UK
| | - Andrea Pedrosa-Harand
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Ilia J Leitch
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AB, Surrey, UK
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AB, Surrey, UK
| | - Gustavo Souza
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil.
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Van-Lume B, Mata-Sucre Y, Báez M, Ribeiro T, Huettel B, Gagnon E, Leitch IJ, Pedrosa-Harand A, Lewis GP, Souza G. Evolutionary convergence or homology? Comparative cytogenomics of Caesalpinia group species (Leguminosae) reveals diversification in the pericentromeric heterochromatic composition. PLANTA 2019; 250:2173-2186. [PMID: 31696317 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated by cytogenomic analysis that the proximal heterochromatin of the Northeast Brazilian species of Caesalpinia group is enriched with phylogenetically conserved Ty3/Gypsy-Tekay RT, but diverge in the presence of Ty3/Gypsy-Athila RT and satDNA. The Caesalpinia Group includes 225 species and 27 monophyletic genera of which four occur in Northeastern Brazil: Erythrostemon (1 sp.), Cenostigma (7 spp.), Libidibia (1 sp.), and Paubrasilia (1 sp.). The last three genera are placed in different clades in the Caesalpinia Group phylogeny, and yet they are characterized by having a numerically stable karyotype 2n = 24 (16 M+8A) and GC-rich heterochromatic bands (chromomycin A3 positive/CMA+ bands) in the proximal chromosome regions. To characterize the composition of their heterochromatin and test for the homology of these chromosomal regions, genomic DNA was extracted from Cenostigma microphyllum, Libidibia ferrea, and Paubrasilia echinata, and sequenced at low coverage using the Illumina platform. The genomic repetitive fractions were characterized using a Galaxy/RepeatExplorer-Elixir platform. The most abundant elements of each genome were chromosomally located by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and compared to the CMA+ heterochromatin distribution. The repetitive fraction of the genomes of C. microphyllum, L. ferrea, and P. echinata were estimated to be 41.70%, 38.44%, and 72.51%, respectively. Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposons (RT), specifically the Tekay lineage, were the most abundant repeats in each of the three genomes. FISH mapping revealed species-specific patterns for the Tekay elements in the proximal regions of the chromosomes, co-localized with CMA+ bands. Other species-specific patterns were observed, e.g., for the Ty3/Gypsy RT Athila elements which were found in all the proximal heterochromatin of L. ferrea or restricted to the acrocentric chromosomes of C. microphyllum. This Athila labeling co-localized with satellite DNAs (satDNAs). Although the Caesalpinia Group diverged around 55 Mya, our results suggest an ancestral colonization of Tekay RT in the proximal heterochromatin. Thus, the present-day composition of the pericentromeric heterochromatin in these Northeast Brazilian species is a combination of the maintenance of an ancestral Tekay distribution with a species-specific accumulation of other repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brena Van-Lume
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Yennifer Mata-Sucre
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Mariana Báez
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Tiago Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, 2.367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil
| | | | - Edeline Gagnon
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5NZ, UK
| | - Ilia J Leitch
- Department of Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK
| | - Andrea Pedrosa-Harand
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Department of Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK
| | - Gustavo Souza
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Nelson Chaves S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil.
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Morales M, Oakley L, Sartori ALB, Mogni VY, Atahuachi M, Vanni RO, Fortunato RH, Prado DE. Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220151. [PMID: 31412055 PMCID: PMC6693842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gran Chaco is a wide ecologic-geographic region comprising northern Argentina, western Paraguay, southern Bolivia and the southwestern extreme of Brazil. This region exhibits extreme temperatures, annually regular frosts, and sedimentary soils; it has been dramatically threatened by agriculture expansion in recent decades. Therefore, increasing knowledge of plant diversity is critical for conservation purposes. We present a Legume checklist of the Gran Chaco ecoregion including conservation status of its endemic species. Leguminosae is the third most diverse plant family in the Neotropics. Assuming a rigorous spatial definition of the Gran Chaco, we recorded 98 genera, 362 species, and 404 specific and infraspecific taxa. Endemic/typical taxa were 17%, comparable to adjacent tropical plant formations, and they were found in higher percentages in Caesalpinioideae (24%) and Cercidoideae (33%) than Papilionoideae (11%) subfamily. We also analyzed the plant diversity comparing lineages and subregions. The Gran Chaco Legumes are predominantly widespread generalists, or they belong to either Chaco sensu stricto or Neotropical Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF) lineages. Though the Humid Chaco registered the highest species richness, Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, the most threatrened subregions, exhibited the highest percentages of exclusive and proper Chaco-lineage species. These results suggest that diversification of Legumes has been most relevant in Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, probably by their more demanding and harsh environmental conditions limiting the dispersion of generalists or intrusive-invading species. This study is paramount to reach an improved delimitation of the Gran Chaco ecoregion in transitional areas with the SDTF and Cerrado formations. Conservation status is critical in genera of high economic interest, such as Arachis, Mimosa and Prosopis. At least one third of endemic taxa exhibit a critical status of conservation or are endangered, many of them being relevant to inbreeding program or exhibiting multiple economic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Morales
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos (CIRN–CNIA, INTA). Las Cabañas y Los Reseros s.n. Hurlingham (1686), Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Buenos Aires. Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Cs. Agroalimentarias, Universidad de Morón, Cabildo, Morón, Argentina
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Luis Oakley
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Campo Experimental Villarino, CC Nº 14, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Red List Authority Coordinator for the Temperate South American Plant Specialist Groups -International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Angela L. B. Sartori
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Cidade Universitária, s/n, C.P. 549, CEP, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Virginia Y. Mogni
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Campo Experimental Villarino, CC Nº 14, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Margoth Atahuachi
- Herbario Forestal Nacional M. Cárdenas, Centro de Biodiversidad y Genética, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Final Jordan este, Casilla, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Ricardo O. Vanni
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Buenos Aires. Argentina
- Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE), Casilla de Correo, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Renée H. Fortunato
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos (CIRN–CNIA, INTA). Las Cabañas y Los Reseros s.n. Hurlingham (1686), Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Buenos Aires. Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Cs. Agroalimentarias, Universidad de Morón, Cabildo, Morón, Argentina
| | - Darién E. Prado
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Buenos Aires. Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Campo Experimental Villarino, CC Nº 14, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias IICAR (UNR-CONICET), Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Ravest G, León‐Lobos P, Aguirre C, Hernández J, Bolados G, Castro MH, Silva S, Hinrichsen P. New microsatellites for the Atacama Desert endemic Balsamocarpon brevifolium (Fabaceae). APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2019; 7:e11271. [PMID: 31236318 PMCID: PMC6580986 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Algarrobilla (Balsamocarpon brevifolium, Fabaceae) is an endemic xerophytic shrub restricted to the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. Extensive utilization of the region for coal production has endangered this species. Conservation efforts are underway, with genetic diversity analyses being key to the restoration of these populations. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen new microsatellite markers were developed for B. brevifolium and used to analyze three populations from the Atacama and Coquimbo regions in Chile. Microsatellites were highly polymorphic, with an average of 5.77 alleles per marker and an average level of expected heterozygosity of 0.72. These markers were evaluated and cross-amplified on two related species (Senna cumingii and Caesalpinia angulata) with partial success. CONCLUSIONS The development of this set of markers permits an extensive study of B. brevifolium populations for conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ravest
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | - Pedro León‐Lobos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | - Carlos Aguirre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | | | | | - María Herminia Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | | | - Patricio Hinrichsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
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Gagnon E, Ringelberg JJ, Bruneau A, Lewis GP, Hughes CE. Global Succulent Biome phylogenetic conservatism across the pantropical Caesalpinia Group (Leguminosae). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:1994-2008. [PMID: 30536385 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The extent to which phylogenetic biome conservatism vs biome shifting determines global patterns of biodiversity remains poorly understood. To address this question, we investigated the biogeography and trajectories of biome and growth form evolution across the Caesalpinia Group (Leguminosae), a clade of 225 species of trees, shrubs and lianas distributed across the Rainforest, Succulent, Temperate and Savanna Biomes. We focused especially on the little-known Succulent Biome, an assemblage of succulent-rich, grass-poor, seasonally dry tropical vegetation distributed disjunctly across the Neotropics, Africa, Arabia and Madagascar. We reconstructed a time-calibrated phylogeny, assembled species occurrence data and assigned species to areas, biomes and growth forms. These data are used to estimate the frequency of transcontinental disjunctions, biome shifts and evolutionary transitions between growth forms and test for phylogenetic biome conservatism and correlated evolution of growth forms and biome shifts. We uncovered a pattern of strong phylogenetic Succulent Biome conservatism. We showed that transcontinental disjunctions confined within the Succulent Biome are frequent and that biome shifts to the Savanna, Rainforest and Temperate Biomes are infrequent and closely associated with shifts in plant growth forms. Our results suggest that the Succulent Biome comprises an ecologically constrained evolutionary arena spanning large geographical disjunctions across the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edeline Gagnon
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale & Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, H1X 2B2, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Biologie, Université de Moncton, E1A 3E9, Moncton, NB, Canada
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Jens J Ringelberg
- Department of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale & Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, H1X 2B2, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK
| | - Colin E Hughes
- Department of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
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Donoghue MJ. Adaptation meets dispersal: legumes in the land of succulents. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:1667-1669. [PMID: 31004562 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Donoghue
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8106, USA
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Matos SSD, Melo ALD, Santos-Silva J. Caesalpinioideae e Cercidoideae (Leguminosae) no Parque Estadual Mata da Pimenteira, Semiárido de Pernambuco, Brasil. RODRIGUÉSIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201970017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Resumo Este trabalho apresenta um estudo taxonômico das subfamílias Caesalpinioideae (exceto clado Mimosoide) e Cercidoideae, realizado no Parque Estadual Mata da Pimenteira, localizado no município de Serra Talhada, em Pernambuco. Foram analisados espécimes coletados mensalmente, no período compreendido entre março de 2015 a agosto de 2016. Foram catalogadas 16 espécies distribuídas em um gênero de Cercidoideae, com uma espécie: Bauhinia cheilantha, e seis gêneros de Caesalpinioideae, com 15 espécies: Cenostigma pyramidale, Chamaecrista absus, C. duckeana, C. pilosa var. luxurians, C. rotundifolia, C. supplex, Libidibia ferrea, Parkinsonia aculeata, Pterogyne nitens, Senna macranthera, S. obtusifolia, S. occidentalis, S. spectabilis, S. splendida e S. uniflora. São apresentadas chaves de identificação, descrições, ilustrações, comentários sobre a morfologia e distribuição geográfica de todas espécies.
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Rodrigues PS, Souza MM, Melo CAF, Pereira TNS, Corrêa RX. Karyotype diversity and 2C DNA content in species of the Caesalpinia group. BMC Genet 2018; 19:25. [PMID: 29642872 PMCID: PMC5896153 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Leguminosae family is the third-largest family of angiosperms, and Caesalpinioideae is its second-largest subfamily. A great number of species (approximately 205) are found in the Caesalpinia group within this subfamily; together with these species' phenotypic plasticity and the similarities in their morphological descriptors, make this a complex group for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the karyotypic diversity and the 2C DNA content variation in 10 species of the Caesalpinia group, representing six genera: Paubrasilia, Caesalpinia, Cenostigma, Poincianella, Erythrostemon and Libidibia. The GC-rich heterochromatin and 45S rDNA sites (which are used as chromosome markers) were located to evaluate the karyotype diversity in the clade. The variation in the 2C DNA content was determined through flow cytometry. RESULTS The fluorochrome banding indicated that the chromomycin A3+/4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole- blocks were exclusively in the terminal regions of the chromosomes, coinciding with 45S rDNA sites in all analyzed species. Physical mapping of the species (through fluorescence in situ hybridization) revealed variation in the size of the hybridization signals and in the number and distribution of the 45S rDNA sites. All hybridization sites were in the terminal regions of the chromosomes. In addition, all species had a hybridization site in the fourth chromosome pair. The 2C DNA content ranged from 1.54 pg in Erythrostemon calycina to 2.82 pg in the Paubrasilia echinata large-leaf variant. The Pa. echinata small-leaf variant was isolated from the other leaf variants through Scoot-Knott clustering. CONCLUSIONS The chromosome diversity and the variation in the 2C DNA content reinforce that the actual taxonomy and clustering of the analyzed taxa requires more genera that were previously proposed. This fact indicates that taxonomy, phylogeny and cytoevolutionary inference related to the complex Caesalpinia group have to be done through integrative evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polliana Silva Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Margarete Magalhães Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Cláusio Antônio Ferreira Melo
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Telma Nair Santana Pereira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Ronan Xavier Corrêa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
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Sotuyo S, Contreras-Jiménez JL, Lewis GP. A new species of Erythrostemon (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) from the western Río Balsas Depression, Mexico. PHYTOKEYS 2017; 76:31-38. [PMID: 28228685 PMCID: PMC5301983 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.76.10921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new legume species from a seasonally dry forest of the Western Río Balsas Depression, in the states of Guerrero and Michoacán, Mexico, Erythrostemon guevarafeferii, is herein described and illustrated. The new species shows morphological affinities with Erythrostemon hintonii, from which it is distinguished in having fewer leaflets per pinna, mature leaflets disposed toward the upper half of the pinnae rachises, long inflorescences on curved slender peduncles, abundant red glands on its flowers and inflorescences, and its fruit glabrous with red stipitate glands at maturity. A taxonomic key to the Río Balsas Depression species of Erythrostemon is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Sotuyo
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Copilco, Coyoacán. A.P. 70-367 México, Distrito Federal. C.P. 04510
| | - José Luis Contreras-Jiménez
- Facultad de Arquitectura, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. 4 Sur 104. Col. Centro. CP 72000. Puebla, Puebla
| | - Gwilym P. Lewis
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, U.K.
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