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Goffinet AJ, Darragh K, Saleh N, Ostwald MM, Buchmann SL, Ramirez SR. Individual Variation in Male Pheromone Production in Xylocopa sonorina Correlates with size and Gland Color. J Chem Ecol 2024; 50:1-10. [PMID: 38110848 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-023-01466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Sex pheromones are species-specific chemical signals that facilitate the location, identification, and selection of mating partners. These pheromones can vary between individuals, and act as signals of mate quality. Here, we investigate the variation of male pheromones in the mesosomal glands of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa sonorina, within a Northern California population. We tested the hypothesis that morphological traits are correlated with the observed variation in chemical blend composition of these bees. We also conducted behavioral assays to test whether these male pheromones act as long-range attractants to conspecifics. We found that larger males with darker mesosomal glands have a higher pheromone amount in their glands. Our analysis also suggests that this pheromone blend functions as a long-range attractant to both males and females. We show that both male body size and sexual maturation are important factors influencing pheromone abundance, and that this pheromone blend acts as a long-range attractant. We hypothesize that this recorded variation in male pheromone could be important for female choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Goffinet
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kathy Darragh
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nicholas Saleh
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- School of Natural Sciences, Fresno Pacific University, Fresno, CA, 93702, USA
| | - Madeleine M Ostwald
- Cheadle Center for Biodiversity & Ecological Restoration, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Stephen L Buchmann
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Santiago R Ramirez
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Congrains C, Dupuis JR, Rodriguez EJ, Norrbom AL, Steck G, Sutton B, Nolazco N, de Brito RA, Geib SM. Phylogenomic analysis provides diagnostic tools for the identification of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) species complex. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1598-1618. [PMID: 37752958 PMCID: PMC10519418 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect pests cause tremendous impact to agriculture worldwide. Species identification is crucial for implementing appropriate measures of pest control but can be challenging in closely related species. True fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae) include some of the most serious agricultural pests in the Americas, with the Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) complex being one of the most important due to its extreme polyphagy and wide distribution across most of the New World tropics and subtropics. The eight morphotypes described for this complex as well as other closely related species are classified in the fraterculus species group, whose evolutionary relationships are unresolved due to incomplete lineage sorting and introgression. We performed multifaceted phylogenomic approaches using thousands of genes to unravel the evolutionary relationships within the A. fraterculus complex to provide a baseline for molecular diagnosis of these pests. We used a methodology that accommodates variable sources of data (transcriptome, genome, and whole-genome shotgun sequencing) and developed a tool to align and filter orthologs, generating reliable datasets for phylogenetic studies. We inferred 3031 gene trees that displayed high levels of discordance. Nevertheless, the topologies of the inferred coalescent species trees were consistent across methods and datasets, except for one lineage in the A. fraterculus complex. Furthermore, network analysis indicated introgression across lineages in the fraterculus group. We present a robust phylogeny of the group that provides insights into the intricate patterns of evolution of the A. fraterculus complex supporting the hypothesis that this complex is an assemblage of closely related cryptic lineages that have evolved under interspecific gene flow. Despite this complex evolutionary scenario, our subsampling analysis revealed that a set of as few as 80 loci has a similar phylogenetic resolution as the genome-scale dataset, offering a foundation to develop more efficient diagnostic tools in this species group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Congrains
- U.S. Department of Agriculture‐Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research UnitHiloHawaiiUSA
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection ServicesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | - Julian R. Dupuis
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Erick J. Rodriguez
- Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer ServicesGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Allen L. Norrbom
- Systematic Entomology LabUSDA, ARS c/o Smithsonian InstitutionWashington DCUSA
| | - Gary Steck
- Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer ServicesGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Bruce Sutton
- Department of Entomology (Research Associate), National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Norma Nolazco
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Sanidad Vegetal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad AgrariaPeru
| | - Reinaldo A. de Brito
- Departamento de Genética e EvoluçãoUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosSão PauloBrazil
| | - Scott M. Geib
- U.S. Department of Agriculture‐Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research UnitHiloHawaiiUSA
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Bachmann GE, Belliard SA, Devescovi F, Nussenbaum AL, Fernández PC, Vera MT, Ruiz MJ, Segura DF. Effect of Fruit Volatiles from Native Host Plants on the Sexual Performance of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1 Males. INSECTS 2023; 14:188. [PMID: 36835757 PMCID: PMC9964522 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anastrepha fraterculus sp.1 males are sexually stimulated by the aroma of fruit of its native host Psidium guajava (guava). Other hosts, which are exotic to A. fraterculus, do not enhance male sexual behavior. Here we evaluate the effects of fruit volatile exposure on male A. fraterculus sp. 1 sexual performance using other native hosts, under the hypothesis that male improvement derives from a common evolutionary history between A. fraterculus sp. 1 and its native hosts. Four species were evaluated: Eugenia myrcianthes, Juglans australis, Psidium cattleianum, and Acca sellowiana. Guava was used as a positive control. Males were exposed to fruit from 12:00 pm to 4:00 pm, from day 8 to day 11 post-emergence. On day 12, we evaluated their calling behavior and mating success. Both guava and P. cattleianum enhanced calling behavior. Mating success was enhanced only by guava and a trend was found for P. cattleianum. Interestingly, the two hosts belong to the Psidium genus. A volatile analysis is planned to identify the compounds responsible for this phenomenon. The other native fruits did not improve the sexual behavior of males. Implications of our findings in the management of A. fraterculus sp. 1 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Enrique Bachmann
- Instituto de Genética “E.A. Favret”, INTA, GV-IABIMO, CONICET, Partido de Hurlingham B1686, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Anahí Belliard
- Instituto de Genética “E.A. Favret”, INTA, GV-IABIMO, CONICET, Partido de Hurlingham B1686, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Devescovi
- Instituto de Genética “E.A. Favret”, INTA, GV-IABIMO, CONICET, Partido de Hurlingham B1686, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Laura Nussenbaum
- Instituto de Genética “E.A. Favret”, INTA, GV-IABIMO, CONICET, Partido de Hurlingham B1686, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Carina Fernández
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires—CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1417, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - María Teresa Vera
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Zootecnia y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán T4000, Provincia de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Josefina Ruiz
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Zootecnia y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán T4000, Provincia de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Segura
- Instituto de Genética “E.A. Favret”, INTA, GV-IABIMO, CONICET, Partido de Hurlingham B1686, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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4
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Salgueiro J, Nussenbaum AL, Milla FH, Asimakis E, Goane L, Ruiz MJ, Bachmann GE, Vera MT, Stathopoulou P, Bourtzis K, Deutscher AT, Lanzavecchia SB, Tsiamis G, Segura DF. Analysis of the Gut Bacterial Community of Wild Larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1: Effect of Host Fruit, Environment, and Prominent Stable Associations of the Genera Wolbachia, Tatumella, and Enterobacter. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:822990. [PMID: 35359740 PMCID: PMC8960962 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.822990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Anastrepha (Diptera Tephritidae) includes some of the most important fruit fly pests in the Americas. Here, we studied the gut bacterial community of 3rd instar larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1 through Next Generation Sequencing (lllumina) of the V3-V4 hypervariable region within the 16S rRNA gene. Gut bacterial communities were compared between host species (guava and peach), and geographical origins (Concordia and Horco Molle in Argentina) representing distinct ecological scenarios. In addition, we explored the effect of spatial scale by comparing the samples collected from different trees within each geographic origin and host species. We also addressed the effect of fruit size on bacterial diversity. The gut bacterial community was affected both by host species and geographic origin. At smaller spatial scales, the gut bacterial profile differed among trees of the same species and location at least in one host-location combination. There was no effect of fruit size on the larval gut bacteriome. Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) assigned to Wolbachia, Tatumella and Enterobacter were identified in all samples examined, which suggest potential, non-transient symbioses. Better knowledge on the larval gut bacteriome contributes valuable information to develop sustainable control strategies against A. fraterculus targeting key symbionts as the Achilles' heel to control this important fruit fly pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Salgueiro
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A. Laura Nussenbaum
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián H. Milla
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Lucía Goane
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M. Josefina Ruiz
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Guillermo E. Bachmann
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María T. Vera
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Center of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ania T. Deutscher
- Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, Australia
| | - Silvia B. Lanzavecchia
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Diego F. Segura
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Congrains C, Zucchi RA, de Brito RA. Phylogenomic approach reveals strong signatures of introgression in the rapid diversification of neotropical true fruit flies (Anastrepha: Tephritidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 162:107200. [PMID: 33984467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
New sequencing techniques have allowed us to explore the variation on thousands of genes and elucidate evolutionary relationships of lineages even in complex scenarios, such as when there is rapid diversification. That seems to be the case of species in the genus Anastrepha, which shows great species diversity that has been divided into 21 species groups, several of which show wide geographical distribution. The fraterculus group has several economically important species and it is also an outstanding model for speciation studies, since it includes several lineages that have diverged recently possibly in the presence of interspecific gene flow. Our main goal is to test whether we can infer phylogenetic relationships of recently diverged taxa with gene flow, such as what is expected for the fraterculus group and determine whether certain genes remain informative even in this complex scenario. An analysis of thousands of orthologous genes derived from transcriptome datasets of 10 different lineages across the genus, including some of the economically most important pests, revealed signals of incomplete lineage sorting, vestiges of ancestral introgression between more distant lineages and ongoing gene flow between closely related lineages. Though these patterns affect the phylogenetic signal, the phylogenomic inferences consistently show that the morphologically identified species here investigated are in different evolutionary lineages, with the sole exception involving Brazilian lineages of A. fraterculus, which has been suggested to be a complex assembly of cryptic species. A tree space analysis suggested that genes with greater phylogenetic resolution have evolved under similar selection pressures and are more resilient to intraspecific gene flow, which would make it more likely that these genomic regions may be useful for identifying fraterculus group lineages. Our findings help establish relationships among the most important Anastrepha species groups, as well as bring further data to indicate that the diversification of fraterculus group lineages, and even other lineages in the genus Anastrepha, has been strongly influenced by interspecific gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Congrains
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Roberto A Zucchi
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" - ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo A de Brito
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Scolari F, Valerio F, Benelli G, Papadopoulos NT, Vaníčková L. Tephritid Fruit Fly Semiochemicals: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12050408. [PMID: 33946603 PMCID: PMC8147262 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Dipteran family Tephritidae (true fruit flies) comprises more than 5000 species classified in 500 genera distributed worldwide. Tephritidae include devastating agricultural pests and highly invasive species whose spread is currently facilitated by globalization, international trade and human mobility. The ability to identify and exploit a wide range of host plants for oviposition, as well as effective and diversified reproductive strategies, are among the key features supporting tephritid biological success. Intraspecific communication involves the exchange of a complex set of sensory cues that are species- and sex-specific. Chemical signals, which are standing out in tephritid communication, comprise long-distance pheromones emitted by one or both sexes, cuticular hydrocarbons with limited volatility deposited on the surrounding substrate or on the insect body regulating medium- to short-distance communication, and host-marking compounds deposited on the fruit after oviposition. In this review, the current knowledge on tephritid chemical communication was analysed with a special emphasis on fruit fly pest species belonging to the Anastrepha, Bactrocera, Ceratitis, and Rhagoletis genera. The multidisciplinary approaches adopted for characterising tephritid semiochemicals, and the real-world applications and challenges for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and biological control strategies are critically discussed. Future perspectives for targeted research on fruit fly chemical communication are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Scolari
- Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM-CNR “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (L.V.); Tel.: +39-0382-986421 (F.S.); +420-732-852-528 (L.V.)
| | - Federica Valerio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou st., N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece;
| | - Lucie Vaníčková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (L.V.); Tel.: +39-0382-986421 (F.S.); +420-732-852-528 (L.V.)
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Conte CA, Segura DF, Milla FH, Augustinos A, Cladera JL, Bourtzis K, Lanzavecchia SB. Wolbachia infection in Argentinean populations of Anastrepha fraterculus sp1: preliminary evidence of sex ratio distortion by one of two strains. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:289. [PMID: 31870290 PMCID: PMC6929328 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wolbachia, one of the most abundant taxa of intracellular Alphaproteobacteria, is widespread among arthropods and filarial nematodes. The presence of these maternally inherited bacteria is associated with modifications of host fitness, including a variety of reproductive abnormalities, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, thelytokous parthenogenesis, host feminization and male-killing. Wolbachia has attracted much interest for its role in biological, ecological and evolutionary processes as well as for its potential use in novel and environmentally-friendly strategies for the control of insect pests and disease vectors including a major agricultural pest, the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Results We used wsp, 16S rRNA and a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme including gatB, coxA, hcpA, fbpA, and ftsZ genes to detect and characterize the Wolbachia infection in laboratory strains and wild populations of A. fraterculus from Argentina. Wolbachia was found in all A. fraterculus individuals studied. Nucleotide sequences analysis of wsp gene allowed the identification of two Wolbachia nucleotide variants (named wAfraCast1_A and wAfraCast2_A). After the analysis of 76 individuals, a high prevalence of the wAfraCast2_A variant was found both, in laboratory (82%) and wild populations (95%). MLST analysis identified both Wolbachia genetic variants as sequence type 13. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated MLST datasets clustered wAfraCast1/2_A in the supergroup A. Paired-crossing experiments among single infected laboratory strains showed a phenotype specifically associated to wAfraCast1_A that includes slight detrimental effects on larval survival, a female-biased sex ratio; suggesting the induction of male-killing phenomena, and a decreased proportion of females producing descendants that appears attributable to the lack of sperm in their spermathecae. Conclusions We detected and characterized at the molecular level two wsp gene sequence variants of Wolbachia both in laboratory and wild populations of A. fraterculus sp.1 from Argentina. Crossing experiments on singly-infected A. fraterculus strains showed evidence of a male killing-like mechanism potentially associated to the wAfraCast1_A - A. fraterculus interactions. Further mating experiments including antibiotic treatments and the analysis of early and late immature stages of descendants will contribute to our understanding of the phenotypes elicited by the Wolbachia variant wAfraCast1_A in A. fraterculus sp.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Alejandra Conte
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Segura
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabian Horacio Milla
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorge Luis Cladera
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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8
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Juárez ML, Pimper LE, Bachmann GE, Conte CA, Ruiz MJ, Goane L, Medina Pereyra P, Castro F, Salgueiro J, Cladera JL, Fernández PC, Bourtzis K, Lanzavecchia SB, Vera MT, Segura DF. Gut bacterial diversity and physiological traits of Anastrepha fraterculus Brazilian-1 morphotype males are affected by antibiotic treatment. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:283. [PMID: 31870309 PMCID: PMC6929401 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The interaction between gut bacterial symbionts and Tephritidae became the focus of several studies that showed that bacteria contributed to the nutritional status and the reproductive potential of its fruit fly hosts. Anastrepha fraterculus is an economically important fruit pest in South America. This pest is currently controlled by insecticides, which prompt the development of environmentally friendly methods such as the sterile insect technique (SIT). For SIT to be effective, a deep understanding of the biology and sexual behavior of the target species is needed. Although many studies have contributed in this direction, little is known about the composition and role of A. fraterculus symbiotic bacteria. In this study we tested the hypothesis that gut bacteria contribute to nutritional status and reproductive success of A. fraterculus males. Results AB affected the bacterial community of the digestive tract of A. fraterculus, in particular bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family, which was the dominant bacterial group in the control flies (i.e., non-treated with AB). AB negatively affected parameters directly related to the mating success of laboratory males and their nutritional status. AB also affected males’ survival under starvation conditions. The effect of AB on the behaviour and nutritional status of the males depended on two additional factors: the origin of the males and the presence of a proteinaceous source in the diet. Conclusions Our results suggest that A. fraterculus males gut contain symbiotic organisms that are able to exert a positive contribution on A. fraterculus males’ fitness, although the physiological mechanisms still need further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Juárez
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lida Elena Pimper
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Enrique Bachmann
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Claudia Alejandra Conte
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - María Josefina Ruiz
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Goane
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Felipe Castro
- Instituto de Fisiología Animal, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Julieta Salgueiro
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Jorge Luis Cladera
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Patricia Carina Fernández
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Estación Agropecuaria Delta, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Campana, Argentina
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - María Teresa Vera
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Segura
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina.
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9
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Roriz AKP, Japyassú HF, Cáceres C, Vera MT, Joachim-Bravo IS. Pheromone emission patterns and courtship sequences across distinct populations within Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera-Tephritidae) cryptic species complex. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2019; 109:408-417. [PMID: 30488810 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sexual behavioural isolation can result from sexual selection and represents a relevant factor associated with the speciation process. We analysed the pheromone emission pattern and the courtship of males of five different populations of the Anastrepha fraterculus cryptic complex: Brazil (Vacaria, Tucumán and Piracicaba), Colombia and Peru. The time of pheromone emission was recorded in each population every 30 min during the day. The behavioural sequences of courting were video recorded and analysed using EthoSeq software. Males from different populations have showed different period of pheromone emission - Vacaria, Piracicaba and Tucumán executed calling only during the morning, Colombia only in the afternoon and Peru during both periods. The general frequencies of the courtship units of the males were distinct among the populations. Three groups were formed in the classification from the function of 14 behavioural routines: Vacaria, Piracicaba and Tucumán formed a single group (Brazil-1), while Colombia and Peru formed two distinct groups. In the probabilistic trees generated, the behavioural units that most contributed to the occurrence of copulation were distinct among the three groups formed: Brazil-1 (Contact, Alignment and Arrowhead-1); Colombia (Flying, Mobile, Contact and Alignment); Peru (Flying, Arrowhead-1 and Calling). Our results indicated differences in sexual behaviour that may explain the behavioural isolation found between the distinct groups in addition with the temporal isolation found between the Brazil-1 and Colombia populations. The evolutionary implications for the A. fraterculus cryptic species complex are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K P Roriz
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Barão do Jeremoabo s/n, Campus Universitário de Ondina,40170-290, Salvador, BA,Brazil
| | - H F Japyassú
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Barão do Jeremoabo s/n, Campus Universitário de Ondina,40170-290, Salvador, BA,Brazil
| | - C Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory,Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture,POBox 100, Seibersdorf,Austria
| | - M Teresa Vera
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT,Avenida Kirchner 1900 - (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán,Argentina
| | - I S Joachim-Bravo
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Barão do Jeremoabo s/n, Campus Universitário de Ondina,40170-290, Salvador, BA,Brazil
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10
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Goane L, Pereyra PM, Castro F, Ruiz MJ, Juárez ML, Segura DF, Vera MT. Yeast derivatives and wheat germ in the adult diet modulates fecundity in a tephritid pest. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2019; 109:178-190. [PMID: 29784067 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann), a pest of great economic importance in South America, needs urgently to be controlled by environmentally friendly methods such as the sterile insect technique for which mass rearing of insects is required. Because oogenesis takes place during the adult stage, mass-rearing facilities should provide the females a diet that maximizes egg production at the lowest cost. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of artificial protein sources in the adult diet (yeast derivatives of different cost but with similar amino acids profiles, and the addition of wheat germ) on fecundity. Additionally, we evaluated different ratios of yeast derivatives or wheat germ on ovary maturation, fecundity, and fertility as well as their association with the nutrient content of females. Females fed hydrolyzed yeast and yeast extract attained the highest fecundity level, and those fed brewer's yeast the lowest. Reducing the amount of hydrolyzed yeast, an expensive protein source, in the diet negatively affected fecundity and ovary maturation. Increasing the amount of brewer's yeast, a low-cost protein source, did not favor fecundity. The addition of wheat germ in the adult diet improved fecundity regardless of the yeast derivate considered. Percentage of egg hatch was not affected by the diet. Nutrient content of A. fraterculus females varied according to the adult diet provided and mating status. Our findings provide novel baseline information to understand the role of nutrition on reproductive performance of A. fraterculus females and are discussed in the context of resource allocation. They also provide valuable advances in the search for cost-effective adult diets at fruit fly mass rearing facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Goane
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia,Cátedra de Terapéutica Vegetal (CTV),Universidad Nacional de Tucumán,Tucumán,Argentina
| | - P M Pereyra
- Instituto de Fisiología Animal, Fundación Miguel Lillo,Tucumán,Argentina
| | - F Castro
- Instituto de Fisiología Animal, Fundación Miguel Lillo,Tucumán,Argentina
| | - M J Ruiz
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia,Cátedra de Terapéutica Vegetal (CTV),Universidad Nacional de Tucumán,Tucumán,Argentina
| | - M L Juárez
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia,Cátedra de Terapéutica Vegetal (CTV),Universidad Nacional de Tucumán,Tucumán,Argentina
| | - D F Segura
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires,Argentina
| | - M T Vera
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia,Cátedra de Terapéutica Vegetal (CTV),Universidad Nacional de Tucumán,Tucumán,Argentina
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11
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Díaz F, Luís A. Lima A, Nakamura AM, Fernandes F, Sobrinho I, de Brito RA. Evidence for Introgression Among Three Species of the Anastrepha fraterculus Group, a Radiating Species Complex of Fruit Flies. Front Genet 2018; 9:359. [PMID: 30250479 PMCID: PMC6139333 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introgression should no longer be considered as rare a phenomenon as once thought, since several studies have recently documented gene flow between closely related and radiating species. Here, we investigated evolutionary relationships among three closely related species of fruit flies of the Anastrepha fraterculus group (Anastrepha fraterculus, A. obliqua and A. sororcula). We sequenced a set of 20 genes and implemented a combined populational and phylogenetic inference with a model selection approach by an ABC framework in order to elucidate the demographic history of these species. The phylogenetic histories inferred from most genes showed a great deal of discordance and substantial shared polymorphic variation. The analysis of several population and speciation models reveal that this shared variation is better explained by introgression rather than convergence by parallel mutation or incomplete lineage sorting. Our results consistently showed these species evolving under an isolation with migration model experiencing a continuous and asymmetrical pattern of gene flow involving all species pairs, even though still showed a more closely related relationship between A. fraterculus and A. sororcula when compared with A. obliqua. This suggests that these species have been exchanging genes since they split from their common ancestor ∼2.6 MYA ago. We also found strong evidence for recent population expansion that appears to be consequence of anthropic activities affecting host crops of fruit flies. These findings point that the introgression here found may have been driven by genetic drift and not necessary by selection, which has implications for tracking and managing fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Díaz
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - André Luís A. Lima
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Aline M. Nakamura
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fernandes
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Iderval Sobrinho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo A. de Brito
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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12
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Congrains C, Campanini EB, Torres FR, Rezende VB, Nakamura AM, de Oliveira JL, Lima ALA, Chahad-Ehlers S, Sobrinho IS, de Brito RA. Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:380-395. [PMID: 29346618 PMCID: PMC5786236 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that genes differentially expressed between sexes (sex-biased genes) tend to evolve faster than unbiased genes, particularly in males. The reason for this accelerated evolution is not clear, but several explanations have involved adaptive and nonadaptive mechanisms. Furthermore, the differences of sex-biased expression patterns of closely related species are also little explored out of Drosophila. To address the evolutionary processes involved with sex-biased expression in species with incipient differentiation, we analyzed male and female transcriptomes of Anastrepha fraterculus and Anastrepha obliqua, a pair of species that have diverged recently, likely in the presence of gene flow. Using these data, we inferred differentiation indexes and evolutionary rates and tested for signals of selection in thousands of genes expressed in head and reproductive transcriptomes from both species. Our results indicate that sex-biased and reproductive-biased genes evolve faster than unbiased genes in both species, which is due to both adaptive pressure and relaxed constraints. Furthermore, among male-biased genes evolving under positive selection, we identified some related to sexual functions such as courtship behavior and fertility. These findings suggest that sex-biased genes may have played important roles in the establishment of reproductive isolation between these species, due to a combination of selection and drift, and unveil a plethora of genetic markers useful for more studies in these species and their differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Congrains
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Emeline B Campanini
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe R Torres
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Víctor B Rezende
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline M Nakamura
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André L A Lima
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Samira Chahad-Ehlers
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Reinaldo A de Brito
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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13
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Schutze MK, Virgilio M, Norrbom A, Clarke AR. Tephritid Integrative Taxonomy: Where We Are Now, with a Focus on the Resolution of Three Tropical Fruit Fly Species Complexes. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 62:147-164. [PMID: 27813666 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate species delimitation underpins good taxonomy. Formalization of integrative taxonomy in the past decade has provided a framework for using multidisciplinary data to make species delimitation hypotheses more rigorous. We address the current state of integrative taxonomy by using as a case study an international project targeted at resolving three important tephritid species complexes: Bactrocera dorsalis complex, Anastrepha fraterculus complex, and Ceratitis FAR (C. fasciventris, C. anonae, C. rosa) complex. The integrative taxonomic approach has helped deliver significant advances in resolving these complexes: It has been used to identify some taxa as belonging to the same biological species as well as to confirm hidden cryptic diversity under a single taxonomic name. Nevertheless, the general application of integrative taxonomy has not been without issue, revealing challenges that must be considered when undertaking an integrative taxonomy project. Scrutiny of this international case study provides a unique opportunity to document lessons learned for the benefit of not only tephritid taxonomists, but also the wider taxonomic community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Schutze
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001 Queensland, Australia;
| | - Massimiliano Virgilio
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, B3080 Tervuren, Belgium
- Joint Experimental Molecular Unit, Royal Museum for Central Africa, B3080 Tervuren, Belgium ;
| | - Allen Norrbom
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560;
| | - Anthony R Clarke
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001 Queensland, Australia;
- Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia;
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14
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Gariou-Papalexiou A, Giardini MC, Augustinos AA, Drosopoulou E, Lanzavecchia SB, Cladera JL, Caceres C, Bourtzis K, Mavragani-Tsipidou P, Zacharopoulou A. Cytogenetic Analysis of the South American Fruit Fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera:Tephritidae) Species Complex: Construction of Detailed Photographic Polytene Chromosome Maps of the Argentinian Af. sp.1 Member. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157192. [PMID: 27362546 PMCID: PMC4928812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and cytogenetic studies constitute a significant basis for understanding the biology of insect pests and the design and the construction of genetic tools for biological control strategies. Anastrepha fraterculus is an important pest of the Tephritidae family. It is distributed from southern Texas through eastern Mexico, Central America and South America causing significant crop damage and economic losses. Currently it is considered as a species complex; until now seven members have been described based on multidisciplinary approaches. Here we report the cytogenetic analysis of an Argentinian population characterized as Af. sp.1 member of the Anastrepha fraterculus species complex. The mitotic karyotype and the first detailed photographic maps of the salivary gland polytene chromosomes are presented. The mitotic metaphase complement consists of six (6) pairs of chromosomes, including one pair of heteromorphic sex chromosomes, with the male being the heterogametic sex. The analysis of the salivary gland polytene complement shows a total number of five long chromosomes that correspond to the five autosomes of the mitotic karyotype and a heterochromatic network corresponding to the sex chromosomes. Comparison of the polytene chromosome maps between this species and Anastrepha ludens shows significant similarity. The polytene maps presented here are suitable for cytogenetic studies that could shed light on the species limits within this species complex and support the development of genetic tools for sterile insect technique (SIT) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Cecilia Giardini
- Instituto de Genética EA Favret, Instituto Nacional Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonios A. Augustinos
- Biology Department, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena Drosopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Silvia B. Lanzavecchia
- Instituto de Genética EA Favret, Instituto Nacional Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge L. Cladera
- Instituto de Genética EA Favret, Instituto Nacional Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Hendrichs J, Vera MT, De Meyer M, Clarke AR. Resolving cryptic species complexes of major tephritid pests. Zookeys 2015; 540:5-39. [PMID: 26798252 PMCID: PMC4714062 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.540.9656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An FAO/IAEA Co-ordinated Research Project (CRP) on "Resolution of Cryptic Species Complexes of Tephritid Pests to Overcome Constraints to SIT Application and International Trade" was conducted from 2010 to 2015. As captured in the CRP title, the objective was to undertake targeted research into the systematics and diagnostics of taxonomically challenging fruit fly groups of economic importance. The scientific output was the accurate alignment of biological species with taxonomic names; which led to the applied outcome of assisting FAO and IAEA Member States in overcoming technical constraints to the application of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) against pest fruit flies and the facilitation of international agricultural trade. Close to 50 researchers from over 20 countries participated in the CRP, using coordinated, multidisciplinary research to address, within an integrative taxonomic framework, cryptic species complexes of major tephritid pests. The following progress was made for the four complexes selected and studied: Anastrepha fraterculus complex - Eight morphotypes and their geographic and ecological distributions in Latin America were defined. The morphotypes can be considered as distinct biological species on the basis of differences in karyotype, sexual incompatibility, post-mating isolation, cuticular hydrocarbon, pheromone, and molecular analyses. Discriminative taxonomic tools using linear and geometric morphometrics of both adult and larval morphology were developed for this complex. Bactrocera dorsalis complex - Based on genetic, cytogenetic, pheromonal, morphometric, and behavioural data, which showed no or only minor variation between the Asian/African pest fruit flies Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera papayae, Bactrocera philippinensis and Bactrocera invadens, the latter three species were synonymized with Bactrocera dorsalis. Of the five target pest taxa studied, only Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera carambolae remain as scientifically valid names. Molecular and pheromone markers are now available to distinguish Bactrocera dorsalis from Bactrocera carambolae. Ceratitis FAR Complex (Ceratitis fasciventris, Ceratitis anonae, Ceratitis rosa) - Morphology, morphometry, genetic, genomic, pheromone, cuticular hydrocarbon, ecology, behaviour, and developmental physiology data provide evidence for the existence of five different entities within this fruit fly complex from the African region. These are currently recognised as Ceratitis anonae, Ceratitis fasciventris (F1 and F2), Ceratitis rosa and a new species related to Ceratitis rosa (R2). The biological limits within Ceratitis fasciventris (i.e. F1 and F2) are not fully resolved. Microsatellites markers and morphological identification tools for the adult males of the five different FAR entities were developed based on male leg structures. Zeugodacus cucurbitae (formerly Bactrocera (Zeugodacus) cucurbitae) - Genetic variability was studied among melon fly populations throughout its geographic range in Africa and the Asia/Pacific region and found to be limited. Cross-mating studies indicated no incompatibility or sexual isolation. Host preference and genetic studies showed no evidence for the existence of host races. It was concluded that the melon fly does not represent a cryptic species complex, neither with regard to geographic distribution nor to host range. Nevertheless, the higher taxonomic classification under which this species had been placed, by the time the CRP was started, was found to be paraphyletic; as a result the subgenus Zeugodacus was elevated to genus level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Hendrichs
- Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - M. Teresa Vera
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Invertebrates Unit, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B3080 Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Anthony R. Clarke
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
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16
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Chinvinijkul S, Srikachar S, Kumjing P, Weera Kimjong, Sukamnouyporn W, Polchaimat N. Inter-regional mating compatibility among Bactrocera dorsalis populations in Thailand (Diptera,Tephritidae). Zookeys 2015:299-311. [PMID: 26798264 PMCID: PMC4714074 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.540.6568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mating compatibility among recently colonized (wildish) populations of Bactroceradorsalis (Hendel) from different geographic origins in Thailand was assessed through inter-regional mating tests. Outdoor octagonal nylon screen field cages containing single potted mango trees (Mangiferaindica L.) were used. Sexual compatibility was determined using the index of sexual isolation (ISI), the male relative performance index (MRPI), and the female relative performance index (FRPI). The ISI values indicated that the northern population of Bactroceradorsalis from Chiang Mai province was sexually compatible with the southern population of Bactroceradorsalis (previously Bactrocerapapayae) from Nakhon Si Thammarat province. The MRPI values showed that the northern males had a slightly higher tendency to mate than southern males, while the FRPI data reflected that females of both origins participated equally in matings. In all combinations there were no differences between homotypic and heterotypic couples in mating latency. Southern males tended to mate first with southern females, followed by northern males mating with northern females, while the latest matings involved heterotypic couples, in particular northern males mating with southern females. Overall, more couples were collected from higher parts of the field cage and the upper tree canopy, while there were no differences between the origins of flies in terms of elevation of couples within the cage. Laboratory assessments of fecundity showed no differences in the average number of eggs resulting from inter-regional crosses. Development of immature stages was also equal in the two hybrid crosses, with no differences found in the number of pupae produced, percentage pupal recovery, and percent adult emergence. The practical implication of this study is that colony of Bactroceradorsalis derived from any northern or southern region of Thailand can potentially be used in sterile insect technique programs against this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suksom Chinvinijkul
- Department of Agricultural Extension, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Chatuchak, Bangkok. 10900. Thailand
| | - Sunyanee Srikachar
- Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok. Thailand
| | - Phatchara Kumjing
- Department of Agricultural Extension, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Chatuchak, Bangkok. 10900. Thailand
| | - Weera Kimjong
- Department of Agricultural Extension, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Chatuchak, Bangkok. 10900. Thailand
| | - Weerawan Sukamnouyporn
- Department of Agricultural Extension, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Chatuchak, Bangkok. 10900. Thailand
| | - Nongon Polchaimat
- Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok. Thailand
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17
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Schutze MK, Dammalage T, Jessup A, Vreysen MJB, Wornoayporn V, Clarke AR. Effects of laboratory colonization on Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera, Tephritidae) mating behaviour: 'what a difference a year makes'. Zookeys 2015:369-83. [PMID: 26798268 PMCID: PMC4714078 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.540.9770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory-reared insects are widely known to have significantly reduced genetic diversity in comparison to wild populations; however, subtle behavioural changes between laboratory-adapted and wild or 'wildish' (i.e., within one or very few generations of field collected material) populations are less well understood. Quantifying alterations in behaviour, particularly sexual, in laboratory-adapted insects is important for mass-reared insects for use in pest management strategies, especially those that have a sterile insect technique component. We report subtle changes in sexual behaviour between 'wildish' Bactrocera dorsalis flies (F1 and F2) from central and southern Thailand and the same colonies 12 months later when at six generations from wild. Mating compatibility tests were undertaken under standardised semi-natural conditions, with number of homo/heterotypic couples and mating location in field cages analysed via compatibility indices. Central and southern populations of Bactrocera dorsalis displayed positive assortative mating in the 2010 trials but mated randomly in the 2011 trials. 'Wildish' southern Thailand males mated significantly earlier than central Thailand males in 2010; this difference was considerably reduced in 2011, yet homotypic couples from southern Thailand still formed significantly earlier than all other couple combinations. There was no significant difference in couple location in 2010; however, couple location significantly differed among pair types in 2011 with those involving southern Thailand females occurring significantly more often on the tree relative to those with central Thailand females. Relative participation also changed with time, with more southern Thailand females forming couples relative to central Thailand females in 2010; this difference was considerably decreased by 2011. These results reveal how subtle changes in sexual behaviour, as driven by laboratory rearing conditions, may significantly influence mating behaviour between laboratory-adapted and recently colonised tephritid fruit flies over a relatively short period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Schutze
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001 Queensland, Australia
| | - Thilak Dammalage
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew Jessup
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Locked Bag 26, Gosford NSW 2250, Australia
| | - Marc J B Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viwat Wornoayporn
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Locked Bag 26, Gosford NSW 2250, Australia
| | - Anthony R Clarke
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001 Queensland, Australia
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