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Pallozzi M, De Gaetano V, Di Tommaso N, Cerrito L, Santopaolo F, Stella L, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR. Role of Gut Microbial Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of Primary Liver Cancers. Nutrients 2024; 16:2372. [PMID: 39064815 PMCID: PMC11280141 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatobiliary malignancies, which include hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), are the sixth most common cancers and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Hepatic carcinogenesis is highly stimulated by chronic inflammation, defined as fibrosis deposition, and an aberrant imbalance between liver necrosis and nodular regeneration. In this context, the gut-liver axis and gut microbiota have demonstrated a critical role in the pathogenesis of HCC, as dysbiosis and altered intestinal permeability promote bacterial translocation, leading to chronic liver inflammation and tumorigenesis through several pathways. A few data exist on the role of the gut microbiota or bacteria resident in the biliary tract in the pathogenesis of CCA, and some microbial metabolites, such as choline and bile acids, seem to show an association. In this review, we analyze the impact of the gut microbiota and its metabolites on HCC and CCA development and the role of gut dysbiosis as a biomarker of hepatobiliary cancer risk and of response during anti-tumor therapy. We also discuss the future application of gut microbiota in hepatobiliary cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pallozzi
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Valeria De Gaetano
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Natalia Di Tommaso
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Lucia Cerrito
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Francesco Santopaolo
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Leonardo Stella
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Liver Unit, Centro Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (V.D.G.); (N.D.T.); (L.C.); (F.S.); (L.S.); (A.G.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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2
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Ambrosini G, Cordani M, Zarrabi A, Alcon-Rodriguez S, Sainz RM, Velasco G, Gonzalez-Menendez P, Dando I. Transcending frontiers in prostate cancer: the role of oncometabolites on epigenetic regulation, CSCs, and tumor microenvironment to identify new therapeutic strategies. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:36. [PMID: 38216942 PMCID: PMC10790277 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer, as one of the most prevalent malignancies in males, exhibits an approximate 5-year survival rate of 95% in advanced stages. A myriad of molecular events and mutations, including the accumulation of oncometabolites, underpin the genesis and progression of this cancer type. Despite growing research demonstrating the pivotal role of oncometabolites in supporting various cancers, including prostate cancer, the root causes of their accumulation, especially in the absence of enzymatic mutations, remain elusive. Consequently, identifying a tangible therapeutic target poses a formidable challenge. In this review, we aim to delve deeper into the implications of oncometabolite accumulation in prostate cancer. We center our focus on the consequential epigenetic alterations and impacts on cancer stem cells, with the ultimate goal of outlining novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ambrosini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Sergio Alcon-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, School of Medicine, Julián Claveria 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rosa M Sainz
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, School of Medicine, Julián Claveria 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Gonzalez-Menendez
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, School of Medicine, Julián Claveria 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Ilaria Dando
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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3
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Fuller H, Zhu Y, Nicholas J, Chatelaine HA, Drzymalla EM, Sarvestani AK, Julián-Serrano S, Tahir UA, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Raffield LM, Rahnavard A, Hua X, Shutta KH, Darst BF. Metabolomic epidemiology offers insights into disease aetiology. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1656-1672. [PMID: 37872285 PMCID: PMC11164316 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00903-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomic epidemiology is the high-throughput study of the relationship between metabolites and health-related traits. This emerging and rapidly growing field has improved our understanding of disease aetiology and contributed to advances in precision medicine. As the field continues to develop, metabolomic epidemiology could lead to the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers predictive of disease risk, aiding in earlier disease detection and better prognosis. In this Review, we discuss key advances facilitated by the field of metabolomic epidemiology for a range of conditions, including cardiometabolic diseases, cancer, Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19, with a focus on potential clinical utility. Core principles in metabolomic epidemiology, including study design, causal inference methods and multi-omic integration, are briefly discussed. Future directions required for clinical translation of metabolomic epidemiology findings are summarized, emphasizing public health implications. Further work is needed to establish which metabolites reproducibly improve clinical risk prediction in diverse populations and are causally related to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriett Fuller
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jayna Nicholas
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Haley A Chatelaine
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily M Drzymalla
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Afrand K Sarvestani
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Usman A Tahir
- Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ali Rahnavard
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xinwei Hua
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Katherine H Shutta
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Burcu F Darst
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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4
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Davoudi F, Moradi A, Becker TM, Lock JG, Abbey B, Fontanarosa D, Haworth A, Clements J, Ecker RC, Batra J. Genomic and Phenotypic Biomarkers for Precision Medicine Guidance in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2023; 24:1451-1471. [PMID: 37561382 PMCID: PMC10547634 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed malignant neoplasm and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Despite significant advances in screening and treatment of PCa, given the heterogeneity of this disease, optimal personalized therapeutic strategies remain limited. However, emerging predictive and prognostic biomarkers based on individual patient profiles in combination with computer-assisted diagnostics have the potential to guide precision medicine, where patients may benefit from therapeutic approaches optimally suited to their disease. Also, the integration of genotypic and phenotypic diagnostic methods is supporting better informed treatment decisions. Focusing on advanced PCa, this review discusses polygenic risk scores for screening of PCa and common genomic aberrations in androgen receptor (AR), PTEN-PI3K-AKT, and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, considering clinical implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment prediction. Furthermore, we evaluate liquid biopsy, protein biomarkers such as serum testosterone levels, SLFN11 expression, total alkaline phosphatase (tALP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), tissue biopsy, and advanced imaging tools, summarizing current phenotypic biomarkers and envisaging more effective utilization of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in advanced PCa. We conclude that prognostic and treatment predictive biomarker discovery can improve the management of patients, especially in metastatic stages of advanced PCa. This will result in decreased mortality and enhanced quality of life and help design a personalized treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davoudi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Afshin Moradi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4102 Australia
| | - Therese M. Becker
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, University of Western Sydney and University of New South Wales, Liverpool, 2170 Australia
| | - John G. Lock
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, University of Western Sydney and University of New South Wales, Liverpool, 2170 Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 Australia
| | - Brian Abbey
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC Australia
| | - Davide Fontanarosa
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD 4000 Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Annette Haworth
- Institute of Medical Physics, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4102 Australia
| | - Rupert C. Ecker
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4102 Australia
- TissueGnostics GmbH, EU 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4102 Australia
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5
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Rossi M, Khalifeh M, Fiori F, Parpinel M, Serraino D, Pelucchi C, Negri E, Giacosa A, Crispo A, Collatuzzo G, Hannun Y, Luberto C, La Vecchia C, Boffetta P. Dietary choline and sphingomyelin choline moiety intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a case-control study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:905-910. [PMID: 37479807 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phospholipids are possible favorable agents for colorectal cancer (CRC). Choline has been inversely related to CRC risk but findings are inconsistent. We assessed the effect of dietary sphingomyelin (SM) choline moiety and total choline intake on risk of CRC. METHOD This analysis is based on a multicenter case-control study conducted between 1992 and 1996 in Italy. A total of 6107 subjects were enrolled, including 1225 colon cancer cases, 728 rectal cancer cases and 4154 hospital-based controls. We applied data on the composition of foods in terms of SM choline moiety and choline intake on dietary information collected through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Odds ratio (OR) for energy-adjusted tertiles of SM choline moiety and choline were estimated through logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, center, education, alcohol consumption, body mass index, family history of CRC, and physical activity. RESULTS Choline was inversely related to CRC risk (OR for the highest versus the lowest tertile: 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.99), with a significant trend in risk. The OR for an increment of one standard deviation of energy-adjusted choline intake was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.98). The association was consistent in colon and rectal cancer and also across colon subsites. SM choline moiety was not associated with CRC risk (OR for the highest versus the lowest tertile: 0.96, 95% CI 0.84-1.11). CONCLUSION This study shows an inverse association between choline intake and CRC but not with SM choline moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rossi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Malak Khalifeh
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Federica Fiori
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, National Cancer Institute IRCCS, 33108, Aviano, Italy
| | - Claudio Pelucchi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Attilio Giacosa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Policlinico di Monza, 20900, Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Crispo
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Yusuf Hannun
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Luberto
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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6
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Khodabakhshi A, Monfared V, Arabpour Z, Vahid F, Hasani M. Association between Levels of Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:402-414. [PMID: 36217110 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2129080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Reports on the effect of Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TAMO), a small amine oxide generated by gut microbial metabolism of choline, betaine, and carnitine, on cancer are inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis summarize the effect of TAMO on cancer incidence. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Data were pooled using the random-effects method and were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The pooled results of 16 studies, including 5930 participants, showed that the association between TMAO levels and cancer incidence is insignificant (Odds Ratio: 0.97, 95% CI: (0.64, 1.46), P-value = 0.871). Subgroup analysis showed that urinary TMAO levels were negatively associated with cancer incidence; in contrast, a direct and positive association was observed between serum TMAO levels and cancer incidence. However, "gender" and the "TMAO measuring method" were the potential sources of discrepancies. Meta-regression analysis did not reveal any significant association between duration of studies, age, female ratio, subjects-control, and subjects-case. The present study demonstrates that serum TAMO levels were insignificantly associated with cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleh Khodabakhshi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology Research center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, and Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Monfared
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Zahra Arabpour
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Motahareh Hasani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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7
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Constantino-Jonapa LA, Espinoza-Palacios Y, Escalona-Montaño AR, Hernández-Ruiz P, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Amedei A, Aguirre-García MM. Contribution of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) to Chronic Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020431. [PMID: 36830968 PMCID: PMC9952918 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiota and has been mainly associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in humans. There are factors that affect one's TMAO level, such as diet, drugs, age, and hormones, among others. Gut dysbiosis in the host has been studied recently as a new approach to understanding chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and Alzheimer's disease. These disease types as well as COVID-19 are known to modulate host immunity. Diabetic and obese patients have been observed to have an increase in their level of TMAO, which has a direct correlation with CVDs. This metabolite is attributed to enhancing the inflammatory pathways through cholesterol and bile acid dysregulation, promoting foam cell formation. Additionally, TMAO activates the transcription factor NF-κB, which, in turn, triggers cytokine production. The result can be an exaggerated inflammatory response capable of inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress, which is responsible for various diseases. Due to the deleterious effects that this metabolite causes in its host, it is important to search for new therapeutic agents that allow a reduction in the TMAO levels of patients and that, thus, allow patients to be able to avoid a severe cardiovascular event. The present review discussed the synthesis of TMAO and its contribution to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Constantino-Jonapa
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Yoshua Espinoza-Palacios
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Alma R. Escalona-Montaño
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Paulina Hernández-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - María M. Aguirre-García
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5573-2911 (ext. 27316)
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8
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Huang J, Zhao B, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Mondul AM. Metabolomic profile of prostate cancer-specific survival among 1812 Finnish men. BMC Med 2022; 20:362. [PMID: 36280842 PMCID: PMC9594924 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal metabolism and perturbations in metabolic pathways play significant roles in the development and progression of prostate cancer; however, comprehensive metabolomic analyses of human data are lacking and needed to elucidate the interrelationships. METHODS We examined the serum metabolome in relation to prostate cancer survival in a cohort of 1812 cases in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study. Using an ultrahigh-performance LC-MS/MS platform, we identified 961 known metabolites in prospectively collected serum. Median survival time from diagnosis to prostate cancer-specific death (N=472) was 6.6 years (interquartile range=2.9-11.1 years). Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the associations between the serum metabolites (in quartiles) and prostate cancer death, adjusted for age at baseline and diagnosis, disease stage, and Gleason sum. In order to calculate risk scores, we first randomly divided the metabolomic data into a discovery set (70%) and validated in a replication set (30%). RESULTS Overall, 49 metabolites were associated with prostate cancer survival after Bonferroni correction. Notably, higher levels of the phospholipid choline, amino acid glutamate, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n6) arachidonate (20:4n6), and glutamyl amino acids gamma-glutamylglutamate, gamma-glutamylglycine, and gamma-glutamylleucine were associated with increased risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (fourth versus first quartile HRs=2.07-2.14; P-values <5.2×10-5). By contrast, the ascorbate/aldarate metabolite oxalate, xenobiotics S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine, fibrinogen cleavage peptides ADpSGEGDFXAEGGGVR and fibrinopeptide B (1-12) were related to reduced disease-specific mortality (fourth versus first quartile HRs=0.82-0.84; P-value <5.2×10-5). Further adjustment for years from blood collection to cancer diagnosis, body mass index, smoking intensity and duration, and serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not alter the results. Participants with a higher metabolic score based on the discovery set had an elevated risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality in the replication set (fourth versus first quartile, HR=3.9, P-value for trend<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The metabolic traits identified in this study, including for choline, glutamate, arachidonate, gamma-glutamyl amino acids, fibrinopeptides, and endocannabinoid and redox pathways and their composite risk score, corroborate our previous analysis of fatal prostate cancer and provide novel insights and potential leads regarding the molecular basis of prostate cancer progression and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Alison M Mondul
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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9
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Reichard CA, Naelitz BD, Wang Z, Jia X, Li J, Stampfer MJ, Klein EA, Hazen SL, Sharifi N. Gut Microbiome-Dependent Metabolic Pathways and Risk of Lethal Prostate Cancer: Prospective Analysis of a PLCO Cancer Screening Trial Cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 31:192-199. [PMID: 34711629 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet and the gut microbiome have a complex interaction that generates metabolites with an unclear effect on lethal prostate cancer risk. Identification of modifiable risk factors for lethal prostate cancer is challenging given the long natural history of this disease and difficulty of prospectively identifying lethal cancers. METHODS Mass spectrometry was performed on baseline serum samples collected from 173 lethal prostate cancer cases and 519 controls enrolled in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial. Baseline serum levels of choline, carnitine, betaine, γ-butyrobetaine, crotonobetaine, phenylacetylglutamine, hippuric acid, and p-cresol sulfate were quantified and analyzed by quartile. Conditional multivariable logistic regression analysis associated analyte levels with lethal prostate cancer incidence after adjusting for body mass index and PSA. The Cochran-Armitage test evaluated analyte level trends across quartiles. RESULTS Relative to those in the first quartile, cases with the highest baseline levels of choline (Q4 OR: 2.19; 95% CI, 1.23-3.90; P-trend: 0.005) and betaine (Q4 OR: 1.86; 95% CI, 1.05-3.30; P-trend: 0.11) exhibited increased odds of developing lethal prostate cancer. Higher baseline serum levels of phenylacetylglutamine (Q4 OR: 2.55; 95% CI, 1.40-4.64; P-trend: 0.003), a gut microbiome metabolite of phenylalanine with adrenergic activity, were also associated with lethal prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS Baseline serum levels of one-carbon methyl donors and adrenergic compounds resulting from human and gut microbiota-mediated metabolism are associated with increased lethal prostate cancer risk. IMPACT Dietary composition, circulating metabolite levels, and downstream signaling pathways may represent modifiable risk factors associated with incident lethal prostate cancer. Beta-adrenergic blockade represents an additional target for oncologic risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad A Reichard
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Urology of Indiana, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bryan D Naelitz
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Ohio
| | - Xun Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Ohio
| | - Jianbo Li
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric A Klein
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Ohio.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Ohio
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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10
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Emerging role of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in colorectal cancer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7651-7660. [PMID: 34568962 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Among gut microbiota-derived metabolites, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is receiving increased attention due to its possible role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). In spite of numerous reports implicating TMAO with CRC, there is a lack of empirical mechanistic evidences to concretize the involvement of TMAO in the carcinogenesis of CRC. Possible mechanisms such as inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and protein misfolding by TMAO have been discussed in this review in the light of the latest advancements in the field. This review is an attempt to discuss the probable correlation between TMAO and CRC but this linkage can be concretized only once we get sufficient empirical evidences from the mechanistic studies. We believe, this review will augment the understanding of linking TMAO with CRC and will motivate researchers to move towards mechanistic study for reinforcing the idea of implicating TMAO with CRC causation. KEY POINTS: • TMAO is a gut bacterial metabolite which has been implicated in CRC in recent years. • The valid mechanistic approach of CRC causation by TMAO is unknown. • The article summarizes the possible mechanisms which need to be explored for validation.
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11
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Liu W, Ren C, Zhang W, Liu G, Lu P. Association between Dietary Choline Intake and Diabetic Retinopathy: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2008. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:269-276. [PMID: 34328805 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1962361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore whether there is an association between dietary choline intake and odds of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the US diabetic population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using the combined data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 of a complex, multistage, and probability-sampling design. Energy-adjusted choline intake was calculated separately for men and women using the residual method. Binary logistic regression adjusting for covariates was used to identify the variables associated with DR. RESULTS We included 644 male and 628 female diabetic subjects, which were equivalent to a weighted survey sample of 9,339,124 for males and 10,109,553 for females respectively. Female DR patients consumed more choline than non-DR patients (268.6 mg/d vs 250.9 mg/d; p = .046). The estimated prevalence of DR was 17.4%, 21.9%, and 29.7% across three levels of dietary choline intake in females, respectively. In multivariable logistic-regression models, the odds ratio (OR) of DR for female patients in the highest choline intake group was 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-3.31; p = .001) compared with those in the lowest intake group. This association was positive but not statistically significant in males. CONCLUSION Higher intake of dietary choline is associated with increased odds of DR in females, but not in males. Further studies are warranted to investigate the direct role of choline in DR development and determine the recommended daily intake of choline for diabetic patients weighing the pros and cons of dietary choline consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chi Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gaoqin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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12
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Ingram LM, Finnerty MC, Mansoura M, Chou CW, Cummings BS. Identification of lipidomic profiles associated with drug-resistant prostate cancer cells. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:15. [PMID: 33596934 PMCID: PMC7890620 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of circulating lipids with clinical outcomes of drug-resistant castration-resistant prostate cancer (DR-CRPC) is not fully understood. While it is known that increases in select lipids correlate to decreased survival, neither the mechanisms mediating these alterations nor the correlation of resistance to drug treatments is well characterized. METHODS This gap-in-knowledge was addressed using in vitro models of non-cancerous, hormone-sensitive, CRPC and drug-resistant cell lines combined with quantitative LC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS (LC-ESI-MS/MS) lipidomic analysis and subsequent analysis such as Metaboanalyst and Lipid Pathway Enrichment Analysis (LIPEA). RESULTS Several lipid regulatory pathways were identified that are associated with Docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer (PCa). These included those controlling glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid signaling and ferroptosis. In total, 7460 features were identified as being dysregulated between the cell lines studied, and 21 lipid species were significantly altered in drug-resistant cell lines as compared to nonresistant cell lines. Docetaxel resistance cells (PC3-Rx and DU145-DR) had higher levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC), oxidized lipid species, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and sphingomyelin (SM) as compared to parent control cells (PC-3 and DU-145). Alterations were also identified in the levels of phosphatidic acid (PA) and diacylglyceride (DAG), whose levels are regulated by Lipin (LPIN), a phosphatidic acid phosphatase that converts PA to DAG. Data derived from cBioPortal demonstrated a population of PCa patients expressing mutations aligning with amplification of LPIN1, LPIN2 and LPIN3 genes. Lipin amplification in these genes correlated to decreased survival in these patients. Lipin-1 mRNA expression also showed a similar trend in PCa patient data. Lipin-1, but not Lipin-2 or - 3, was detected in several prostate cancer cells, and was increased in 22RV1 and PC-3 cell lines. The increased expression of Lipin-1 in these cells correlated with the level of PA. CONCLUSION These data identify lipids whose levels may correlate to Docetaxel sensitivity and progression of PCa. The data also suggest a correlation between the expression of Lipin-1 in cells and patients with regards to prostate cancer cell aggressiveness and patient survivability. Ultimately, these data may be useful for identifying markers of lethal and/or metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishann M Ingram
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 450 College of Pharmacy South, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Morgan C Finnerty
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 450 College of Pharmacy South, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Maryam Mansoura
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 450 College of Pharmacy South, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Chau-Wen Chou
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility (PAMS), Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Brian S Cummings
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 450 College of Pharmacy South, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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13
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Liu ZY, Zhang DM, Yishake D, Luo Y, Fang AP, Zhu HL. Dietary choline, rather than betaine intake, is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma mortality. Food Funct 2020; 11:7866-7877. [PMID: 32812611 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01890b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The dietary intakes of choline and betaine have been related to the mortality of some neoplasms, but their effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mortality are still unknown. We examined the associations between dietary choline, five choline-containing compounds, different choline forms, betaine intake and HCC mortality. In total, 905 newly diagnosed HCC patients were enrolled in the Guangdong Liver Cancer Cohort study. Dietary intake was assessed by a valid food frequency questionnaire. Liver cancer-specific mortality (LCSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM) were calculated. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed by Cox proportional hazards models. It was found that a higher total choline intake was associated with lower ACM, Q4 vs. Q1: HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53-0.97, Ptrend = 0.012 in the fully adjusted model. The associations between total choline intake and LCSM were not significant. Similar associations were found between water-soluble choline intake and HCC mortality, where the fully adjusted HR for ACM was 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53-0.98, Ptrend = 0.017. However, null associations were found between neither phosphatidylcholine (the most abundant lipid-soluble choline) nor total lipid-soluble choline intake and HCC mortality. These results implied that the favorable associations between the total choline intake and ACM were more attributed to water-soluble choline. Furthermore, no significant associations were observed between betaine intake and HCC mortality. Future human intervention trials regarding choline supplementation and liver disease recovery should take the forms into consideration rather than just the total amount alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dao-Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dinuerguli Yishake
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Kouznetsova VL, Li J, Romm E, Tsigelny IF. Finding distinctions between oral cancer and periodontitis using saliva metabolites and machine learning. Oral Dis 2020; 27:484-493. [PMID: 32762095 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research is the study of metabolic pathways related to oral cancer and periodontitis along with development of machine-learning model for elucidation of these diseases based on saliva metabolites of patients. METHODS Data mining, metabolomic pathways analysis, study of metabolite-gene networks related to these diseases. Machine-learning and deep-learning methods for development of the model for recognition of oral cancer versus periodontitis, using patients' saliva. RESULTS The most accurate classifications between oral cancer and periodontitis were performed using neural networks, logistic regression and stochastic gradient descent confirmed by the separate 10-fold cross-validations. The best results were achieved by the deep-learning neural network with the TensorFlow program. Accuracy of the resulting model was 79.54%. The other methods, which did not rely on deep learning, were able to achieve comparable, although slightly worse results with respect to accuracy. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a possibility to distinguish oral cancer from periodontal disease by analysis the saliva metabolites of a patient, using machine-learning methods. These findings may be useful in the development of a non-invasive method to aid care providers in determining between oral cancer and periodontitis quickly and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy Li
- MAP program, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Igor F Tsigelny
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,CureMatch Inc. San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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15
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Kucera R, Pecen L, Topolcan O, Dahal AR, Costigliola V, Giordano FA, Golubnitschaja O. Prostate cancer management: long-term beliefs, epidemic developments in the early twenty-first century and 3PM dimensional solutions. EPMA J 2020; 11:399-418. [PMID: 32843909 PMCID: PMC7429585 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the early twenty-first century, societies around the world are facing the paradoxal epidemic development of PCa as a non-communicable disease. PCa is the most frequently diagnosed cancer for men in several countries such as the USA. Permanently improving diagnostics and treatments in the PCa management causes an impressive divergence between, on one hand, permanently increasing numbers of diagnosed PCa cases and, on the other hand, stable or even slightly decreasing mortality rates. Still, aspects listed below are waiting for innovate solutions in the context of predictive approaches, targeted prevention and personalisation of medical care (PPPM / 3PM).A.PCa belongs to the cancer types with the highest incidence worldwide. Corresponding economic burden is enormous. Moreover, the costs of treating PCa are currently increasing more quickly than those of any other cancer. Implementing individualised patient profiles and adapted treatment algorithms would make currently too heterogeneous landscape of PCa treatment costs more transparent providing clear "road map" for the cost saving.B.PCa is a systemic multi-factorial disease. Consequently, predictive diagnostics by liquid biopsy analysis is instrumental for the disease prediction, targeted prevention and curative treatments at early stages.C.The incidence of metastasising PCa is rapidly increasing particularly in younger populations. Exemplified by trends observed in the USA, prognosis is that the annual burden will increase by over 40% in 2025. To this end, one of the evident deficits is the reactive character of medical services currently provided to populations. Innovative screening programmes might be useful to identify persons in suboptimal health conditions before the clinical onset of metastasising PCa. Strong predisposition to systemic hypoxic conditions and ischemic lesions (e.g. characteristic for individuals with Flammer syndrome phenotype) and low-grade inflammation might be indicative for specific phenotyping and genotyping in metastasising PCa screening and disease management. Predictive liquid biopsy tests for CTC enumeration and their molecular characterisation are considered to be useful for secondary prevention of metastatic disease in PCa patients.D.Particular rapidly increasing PCa incidence rates are characteristic for adolescents and young adults aged 15-40 years. Patients with early onset prostate cancer pose unique challenges; multi-factorial risks for these trends are proposed. Consequently, multi-level diagnostics including phenotyping and multi-omics are considered to be the most appropriate tool for the risk assessment, prediction and prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that early onset prostate cancer is a distinct phenotype from both aetiological and clinical perspectives deserving particular attention from view point of 3P medical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Kucera
- Department of Immunochemistry Diagnostics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Pecen
- Department of Immunochemistry Diagnostics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Topolcan
- Department of Immunochemistry Diagnostics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Anshu Raj Dahal
- Center of Molecular Biotechnology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Frank A. Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
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16
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Rinninella E, Mele MC, Cintoni M, Raoul P, Ianiro G, Salerno L, Pozzo C, Bria E, Muscaritoli M, Molfino A, Gasbarrini A. The Facts about Food after Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2345. [PMID: 32764484 PMCID: PMC7468771 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional guidelines suggest specific energy and protein requirements for patients with cancer. However, cancer patients, often malnourished, use self-made or web-based diets to ameliorate the prognosis of their disease. This review aimed to investigate the associations between post-diagnostic diet and prognostic outcomes in cancer patients. A systematic literature search was performed in Pubmed and Web of Science databases from inception to 30 October 2019, based on fixed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed. A total of 29 prospective studies was identified. Breast (n = 11), colorectal (n = 9), prostate (n = 8) cancers are the most studied. Low- fat diet, healthy quality diet, regular consumption of fiber such as vegetables and high-quality protein intake are beneficial while Western diet (WD) and high consumption of saturated fats could be associated with a higher risk of mortality. Bladder (n = 1), gynecological (n = 1), lung, stomach, and pancreatic cancers still remain almost unexplored. This systematic review suggested that detrimental dietary patterns such as WD should be avoided but none of the food categories (meat, dairy products) should be eliminated in cancer patients' diet. Further large prospective studies are needed to assess the role of post-diagnostic diet in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Rinninella
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mele
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.M.); (E.B.); (A.G.)
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Cintoni
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Scienza dell’Alimentazione, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Pauline Raoul
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Carmelo Pozzo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emilio Bria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.M.); (E.B.); (A.G.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Muscaritoli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessio Molfino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.M.); (E.B.); (A.G.)
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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17
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Liu ZY, Yishake D, Fang AP, Zhang DM, Liao GC, Tan XY, Zhang YJ, Zhu HL. Serum choline is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma survival: a prospective cohort study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:25. [PMID: 32256673 PMCID: PMC7106561 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher choline and betaine levels have been linked to lower risk of liver cancer, whereas existing data in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis are scarce. Our objective was to examine the associations of the serum choline and betaine with HCC survival. METHODS 866 newly diagnosed HCC patients were enrolled in the Guangdong Liver Cancer Cohort. Serum choline and betaine were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography with online electro-spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Liver cancer-specific survival (LCSS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Serum choline levels were associated with better LCSS (T3 vs. T1: HR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.51-0.94; P -trend < 0.05) and OS (T3 vs. T1: HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54-0.99; P -trend < 0.05). The associations were significantly modified by C-reactive protein (CRP) levels but not by other selected prognostic factors including sex, age, etc. The favorable associations between serum choline and LCSS and OS were only existed among patients with CRP ≥3.0 mg/L. No significant associations were found between serum betaine levels and either LCSS or OS. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that higher serum choline levels were associated with better HCC survival, especially in HCC patients with systemic inflammation status. No significant associations were found between serum betaine and HCC survival. Our findings suggest the benefits of choline on HCC survival. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Guangdong Liver Cancer Cohort was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03297255.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dinuerguli Yishake
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao-Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gong-Cheng Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ying Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
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Oyer HM, Sanders CM, Kim FJ. Small-Molecule Modulators of Sigma1 and Sigma2/TMEM97 in the Context of Cancer: Foundational Concepts and Emerging Themes. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1141. [PMID: 31695608 PMCID: PMC6816035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are two known subtypes of the so-called sigma receptors, Sigma1 and Sigma2. Sigma1 (encoded by the SIGMAR1 gene and also known as Sigma-1 receptor, S1R) is a unique pharmacologically regulated integral membrane chaperone or scaffolding protein that allosterically modulates the activity of its associated proteins. Sigma2, recently identified as transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97), is an integral membrane protein implicated in cellular cholesterol homeostasis. A number of publications over the past two decades have suggested a role for both sigma proteins in tumor biology. Although there is currently no clinically used anti-cancer drug that targets Sigma1 or Sigma2/TMEM97, a growing body of evidence supports the potential of small-molecule compounds with affinity for these proteins, putative sigma ligands, as therapeutic agents to treat cancer. In preclinical models, these compounds have been reported to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, survival, adhesion, and migration; furthermore, they have been demonstrated to suppress tumor growth, to alleviate cancer-associated pain, and to exert immunomodulatory properties. Here, we will address the known knowns and the known unknowns of Sigma1 and Sigma2/TMEM97 ligand actions in the context of cancer. This review will highlight key discoveries and published evidence in support of a role for sigma proteins in cancer and will discuss several fundamental questions regarding the physiological roles of sigma proteins in cancer and sigma ligand mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halley M Oyer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christina M Sanders
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Felix J Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Chan CWH, Law BMH, Waye MMY, Chan JYW, So WKW, Chow KM. Trimethylamine-N-oxide as One Hypothetical Link for the Relationship between Intestinal Microbiota and Cancer - Where We Are and Where Shall We Go? J Cancer 2019; 10:5874-5882. [PMID: 31737123 PMCID: PMC6843879 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous epidemiological studies had provided evidence for a link between the microbial dysbiosis and cancer, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the molecular basis of this link remains elusive. Recently, the association between plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), an oxidised form of trimethylamine (TMA), and risks of various cancers was demonstrated. The discovery could potentially provide an alternative explanation for the aforementioned link, as TMA production is attributed to intestinal bacteria. Current evidence suggests that inflammation could be a potential molecular mechanism to explain the link between TMAO and cancer, although other mechanisms such as oxidative stress, DNA damage and disruption in protein folding might also play a role. This mini-review article first provides an overview of the current evidence for the association between TMAO and certain cancer types, and the potential mechanisms that could explain their association. Thereafter, the direction of further research on the connection between the intestinal microbiota, TMAO and cancer is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Wing Han Chan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, the New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bernard Man Hin Law
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, the New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mary Miu Yee Waye
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, the New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Judy Yuet Wa Chan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, the New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Kwok Wei So
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, the New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Ming Chow
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, the New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Abd El-Rahman MK, Mazzone G, Mahmoud AM, Sicilia E, Shoeib T. Spectrophotometric determination of choline in pharmaceutical formulations via host-guest complexation with a biomimetic calixarene receptor. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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21
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Han P, Bidulescu A, Barber JR, Zeisel SH, Joshu CE, Prizment AE, Vitolins MZ, Platz EA. Dietary choline and betaine intakes and risk of total and lethal prostate cancer in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:343-354. [PMID: 30825046 PMCID: PMC6553878 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Two prior cohort studies suggested that choline, but not betaine intake, is associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Given that evidence remains limited, we evaluated whether intakes of choline and derivative betaine are associated with total and lethal PCa risk and PCa death in men with PCa. METHODS We included 6,528 men (24.4% African American) without a cancer diagnosis at baseline (1987-1989) followed through 2012. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire coupled with a nutrient database. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of total and lethal PCa risk overall and by race. RESULTS Choline intake was not associated with total (n = 811) or lethal (n = 95) PCa risk overall or by race. Betaine intake was inversely associated with lethal (tertile 3 vs 1, HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35-1.00, p trend = 0.04), but not total PCa risk; patterns for lethal PCa were similar by race. Neither nutrient was associated with PCa death in men with PCa. CONCLUSIONS Choline intake was not associated with total or lethal PCa or with PCa death in men with PCa. Betaine intake was inversely associated with lethal, but not total PCa risk or with PCa death in men with PCa. Our results do not support the hypothesis that higher choline intake increases lethal PCa risk, but do suggest that higher betaine intake may be associated with lower lethal PCa risk. Further investigation with a larger number of lethal cases is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijin Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aurelian Bidulescu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - John R Barber
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven H Zeisel
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Corinne E Joshu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna E Prizment
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mara Z Vitolins
- Epidemiology & Prevention Office of Women in Medicine and Science Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- , 615 N. Wolfe Street Room E6132, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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22
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Liu ZY, Tan XY, Li QJ, Liao GC, Fang AP, Zhang DM, Chen PY, Wang XY, Luo Y, Long JA, Zhong RH, Zhu HL. Trimethylamine N-oxide, a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of choline, is positively associated with the risk of primary liver cancer: a case-control study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:81. [PMID: 30479648 PMCID: PMC6245753 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has suggested a potential link exists between trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a choline-derived metabolite produced by gut microbiota, and some cancers, but little is known for primary liver cancer (PLC). METHODS A case-control study was designed including 671 newly diagnosed PLC patients and 671 control subjects frequency-matched by age (±5 years) and sex, in Guangdong province, China. High-performance liquid chromatography with online electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to measure serum TMAO and choline. The associations between these biomarkers and PLC risk were evaluated using logistic regression models. RESULTS Serum TMAO concentrations were greater in the PLC group than the control group (P = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis showed that the sex- and age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 3.43 (2.42-4.86) when comparing the top and bottom quartiles (Q4 vs Q1). After further adjusting for more selected confounders, the OR (95% CI) remained significant but was attenuated to 2.85 (1.59-5.11) (Q4 vs Q1). The multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) across quartiles of choline were 0.35-0.15 (P -trend < 0.001). CONCLUSION Higher serum levels of TMAO were associated with increased PLC risk. The association was stronger in those with lower serum levels of choline. Additional large prospective studies are required to confirm these findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT 03297255.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ying Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Jiong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gong-Cheng Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao-Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Yan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-An Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong-Huan Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
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Dietary Choline Intake: Current State of Knowledge Across the Life Cycle. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101513. [PMID: 30332744 PMCID: PMC6213596 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Choline, an essential dietary nutrient for humans, is required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, the methyl group donor, betaine, and phospholipids; and therefore, choline is involved in a broad range of critical physiological functions across all stages of the life cycle. The current dietary recommendations for choline have been established as Adequate Intakes (AIs) for total choline; however, dietary choline is present in multiple different forms that are both water-soluble (e.g., free choline, phosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine) and lipid-soluble (e.g., phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin). Interestingly, the different dietary choline forms consumed during infancy differ from those in adulthood. This can be explained by the primary food source, where the majority of choline present in human milk is in the water-soluble form, versus lipid-soluble forms for foods consumed later on. This review summarizes the current knowledge on dietary recommendations and assessment methods, and dietary choline intake from food sources across the life cycle.
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24
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Association of choline and betaine levels with cancer incidence and survival: A meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:100-109. [PMID: 29606601 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Evidences suggest possible link between betaine and choline, methyl group donors, and cancer progression. We examined the association between choline and betaine levels and cancer incidence and survival in a meta-analysis of observational studies. METHODS We identified observational studies examining the association between choline and/or betaine levels from diet or blood and cancer incidence and survival by searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies published up to Jan, 2018. After applying the selection criteria, 28 observational studies (9 case-control, 1 cross-sectional, and 18 cohort studies) were included. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted, and combined RRs were calculated using random-effects models. RESULTS Choline levels were not associated with cancer incidence in a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Betaine levels reduced the risk of cancer incidence in a meta-analysis of cohort studies; combined relative risks (RRs) (95% CIs) comparing the top with the bottom categories were 0.93 (0.87-0.99). When we analyzed separately according to exposure assessment method, combined RRs (95% CIs) comparing the top with the bottom categories of betaine levels were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78-0.95) for dietary betaine and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.99) for blood levels of betaine. There were no significant associations with cancer survivorship of choline or betaine levels. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that high betaine levels were associated with lower risk of the cancer incidence, especially for colorectal cancer.
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25
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Zeisel SH, Klatt KC, Caudill MA. Choline. Adv Nutr 2018; 9:58-60. [PMID: 29438456 PMCID: PMC6008955 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmx004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Zeisel
- UNC Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC
| | - Kevin C Klatt
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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26
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Advances in Nano Based Biosensors for Food and Agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-70166-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Neuroprotective Actions of Dietary Choline. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080815. [PMID: 28788094 PMCID: PMC5579609 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Choline is an essential nutrient for humans. It is a precursor of membrane phospholipids (e.g., phosphatidylcholine (PC)), the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and via betaine, the methyl group donor S-adenosylmethionine. High choline intake during gestation and early postnatal development in rat and mouse models improves cognitive function in adulthood, prevents age-related memory decline, and protects the brain from the neuropathological changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and neurological damage associated with epilepsy, fetal alcohol syndrome, and inherited conditions such as Down and Rett syndromes. These effects of choline are correlated with modifications in histone and DNA methylation in brain, and with alterations in the expression of genes that encode proteins important for learning and memory processing, suggesting a possible epigenomic mechanism of action. Dietary choline intake in the adult may also influence cognitive function via an effect on PC containing eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids; polyunsaturated species of PC whose levels are reduced in brains from AD patients, and is associated with higher memory performance, and resistance to cognitive decline.
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28
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Zhou RF, Chen XL, Zhou ZG, Zhang YJ, Lan QY, Liao GC, Chen YM, Zhu HL. Higher dietary intakes of choline and betaine are associated with a lower risk of primary liver cancer: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:679. [PMID: 28386093 PMCID: PMC5429604 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00773-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dietary intake of methyl donors is favorably associated with many diseases, but the findings regarding primary liver cancer (PLC) risk are limited. This study investigated the association between the intake of choline, betaine and methionine and PLC risk in adults. This 1:1 matched case-control study enrolled 644 hospital-based PLC patients and 644 community-based controls who were matched by sex and age, in Guangzhou, China. An interviewer-administered questionnaire and a food-frequency questionnaire were used to collect general information and dietary intake information. Conditional logistic regression showed a significantly inverse association between total choline and betaine intakes and PLC risk. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PLC for the top (vs. bottom) tertile were 0.34 (0.24–0.49; P-trend < 0.001) for total choline and 0.67 (0.48–0.93; P-trend = 0.011) for betaine. No significant association was observed between the intake of methionine and PLC risk (P > 0.05). For individual choline compounds, higher consumptions of free choline, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin were associated with a lower PLC risk (all P-trend < 0.05). The studied associations were not significantly modified by the folate intake (P-interactions: 0.488–0.890). Our findings suggest that higher choline and betaine intakes may be associated with a lower risk of PLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fen Zhou
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Guo Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Ye Lan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Gong-Cheng Liao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
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29
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Choline and betaine consumption lowers cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35547. [PMID: 27759060 PMCID: PMC5069558 DOI: 10.1038/srep35547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of human and animal in vitro or in vivo studies have investigated the relationship between dietary choline and betaine and cancer risk, suggesting that choline and betaine consumption may be protective for cancer. There are also a few epidemiologic studies exploring this relationship, however, with inconsistent conclusions. The PubMed and Embase were searched, from their inception to March 2016, to identify relevant studies and we brought 11 articles into this meta-analysis eventually. The pooled relative risks (RRs) of cancer for the highest versus the lowest range were 0.82 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.97) for choline consumption only, 0.86 (95%CI, 0.76 to 0.97) for betaine consumption only and 0.60 (95%CI, 0.40 to 0.90) for choline plus betaine consumption, respectively. Significant protective effect of dietary choline and betaine for cancer was observed when stratified by study design, location, cancer type, publication year, sex and quality score of study. An increment of 100 mg/day of choline plus betaine intake helped reduce cancer incidence by 11% (0.89, 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.92) through a dose-response analysis. To conclude, choline and betaine consumption lowers cancer incidence in this meta-analysis, but further studies are warranted to verify the results.
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30
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Peisch SF, Van Blarigan EL, Chan JM, Stampfer MJ, Kenfield SA. Prostate cancer progression and mortality: a review of diet and lifestyle factors. World J Urol 2016; 35:867-874. [PMID: 27518576 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-016-1914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review and summarize evidence on the role of diet and lifestyle factors and prostate cancer progression, with a specific focus on habits after diagnosis and the risk of subsequent disease recurrence, progression, or death. METHODS Given the well-documented heterogeneity of prostate cancer and the long survivorship of the majority of diagnoses, our goal was to summarize and describe modifiable risk factors for clinically relevant prostate cancer. We focused where possible on epidemiologic studies of post-diagnostic habits and prostate cancer progression, defined as recurrence (e.g., PSA risk, secondary treatment), metastasis, or death. Where data were limited, we also describe evidence on risk factors and indicators of prostate cancer aggressiveness at diagnosis. RESULTS A variety of dietary and lifestyle factors appear to affect prostate cancer progression. Several generally widely recommended lifestyle factors such as not smoking, maintaining a healthy body weight, and regular vigorous physical exercise also appear to affect prostate cancer progression. Several dietary factors, such as tomato sauce/lycopene, cruciferous vegetables, healthy sources of vegetable fats, and coffee, may also have a role in reducing risk of prostate cancer progression. CONCLUSION Diet and lifestyle factors, in particular exercise and smoking cessation, may reduce the risk of prostate cancer progression and death. These promising findings warrant further investigation, as their overall impact might be large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam F Peisch
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erin L Van Blarigan
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - June M Chan
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stacey A Kenfield
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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32
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Choline-phospholipids inter-conversion is altered in elderly patients with prostate cancer. Biochimie 2016; 126:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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33
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Wu K, Spiegelman D, Hou T, Albanes D, Allen NE, Berndt SI, van den Brandt PA, Giles GG, Giovannucci E, Goldbohm RA, Goodman GG, Goodman PJ, Håkansson N, Inoue M, Key TJ, Kolonel LN, Männistö S, McCullough ML, Neuhouser ML, Park Y, Platz EA, Schenk JM, Sinha R, Stampfer MJ, Stevens VL, Tsugane S, Visvanathan K, Wilkens LR, Wolk A, Ziegler RG, Smith-Warner SA. Associations between unprocessed red and processed meat, poultry, seafood and egg intake and the risk of prostate cancer: A pooled analysis of 15 prospective cohort studies. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:2368-82. [PMID: 26685908 PMCID: PMC4837898 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reports relating meat intake to prostate cancer risk are inconsistent. Associations between these dietary factors and prostate cancer were examined in a consortium of 15 cohort studies. During follow-up, 52,683 incident prostate cancer cases, including 4,924 advanced cases, were identified among 842,149 men. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate study-specific relative risks (RR) and then pooled using random effects models. Results do not support a substantial effect of total red, unprocessed red and processed meat for all prostate cancer outcomes, except for a modest positive association for tumors identified as advanced stage at diagnosis (advanced(r)). For seafood, no substantial effect was observed for prostate cancer regardless of stage or grade. Poultry intake was inversely associated with risk of advanced and fatal cancers (pooled multivariable RR [MVRR], 95% confidence interval, comparing ≥ 45 vs. <5 g/day: advanced 0.83, 0.70-0.99; trend test p value 0.29), fatal, 0.69, 0.59-0.82, trend test p value 0.16). Participants who ate ≥ 25 versus <5 g/day of eggs (1 egg ∼ 50 g) had a significant 14% increased risk of advanced and fatal cancers (advanced 1.14, 1.01-1.28, trend test p value 0.01; fatal 1.14, 1.00-1.30, trend test p value 0.01). When associations were analyzed separately by geographical region (North America vs. other continents), positive associations between unprocessed red meat and egg intake, and inverse associations between poultry intake and advanced, advanced(r) and fatal cancers were limited to North American studies. However, differences were only statistically significant for eggs. Observed differences in associations by geographical region warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Donna Spiegelman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Tao Hou
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD
| | - Naomi E. Allen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD
| | - Piet A. van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - R. Alexandra Goldbohm
- Department of Food and Chemical Risk Analysis, TNO Quality of Life, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Gary G. Goodman
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Niclas Håkansson
- Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Timothy J. Key
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence N. Kolonel
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Marian L. Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Yikyung Park
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Elizabeth A. Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jeannette M. Schenk
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD
| | - Meir J. Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Regina G. Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephanie A. Smith-Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Abstract
Tumorigenesis is dependent on the reprogramming of cellular metabolism as both direct and indirect consequence of oncogenic mutations. A common feature of cancer cell metabolism is the ability to acquire necessary nutrients from a frequently nutrient-poor environment and utilize these nutrients to both maintain viability and build new biomass. The alterations in intracellular and extracellular metabolites that can accompany cancer-associated metabolic reprogramming have profound effects on gene expression, cellular differentiation, and the tumor microenvironment. In this Perspective, we have organized known cancer-associated metabolic changes into six hallmarks: (1) deregulated uptake of glucose and amino acids, (2) use of opportunistic modes of nutrient acquisition, (3) use of glycolysis/TCA cycle intermediates for biosynthesis and NADPH production, (4) increased demand for nitrogen, (5) alterations in metabolite-driven gene regulation, and (6) metabolic interactions with the microenvironment. While few tumors display all six hallmarks, most display several. The specific hallmarks exhibited by an individual tumor may ultimately contribute to better tumor classification and aid in directing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya N Pavlova
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Craig B Thompson
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Lu MS, Fang YJ, Pan ZZ, Zhong X, Zheng MC, Chen YM, Zhang CX. Choline and betaine intake and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population: a case-control study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118661. [PMID: 25785727 PMCID: PMC4364675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have examined the association of choline and betaine intake with colorectal cancer risk, although they might play an important role in colorectal cancer development because of their role as methyl donors. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between consumption of choline and betaine and colorectal cancer risk in a Chinese population. Methodology/Principal Findings A case-control study was conducted between July 2010 and December 2013 in Guangzhou, China. Eight hundred and ninety consecutively recruited colorectal cancer cases were frequency matched to 890 controls by age (5-year interval) and sex. Dietary information was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire by face-to-face interviews. The logistic regression model was used to estimate multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Total choline intake was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk after adjustment for various lifestyle and dietary factors. The multivariate-adjusted OR was 0.54 (95%CI = 0.37-0.80, Ptrend <0.01) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile. No significant associations were observed for betaine or total choline+betaine intakes. For choline-containing compounds, lower colorectal cancer risk was associated with higher intakes of choline from phosphatidylcholine, glycerophosphocholine and sphingomyelin but not for free choline and phosphocholine. The inverse association of total choline intake with colorectal cancer risk was observed in both men and women, colon and rectal cancer. These inverse associations were not modified by folate intake. Conclusions These results indicate that high intake of total choline is associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Shan Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jing Fang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Pan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Chun Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (CXZ); (YMC)
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (CXZ); (YMC)
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36
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Coffey DS. WITHDRAWN: Evolution: Back to the future to understand and control prostate cancer. Asian J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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37
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Coffey DS. Evolution: Back to the future to understand and control prostate cancer. Asian J Urol 2014; 1:4-11. [PMID: 29511632 PMCID: PMC5832888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donald S Coffey
- Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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38
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Pal S, Sharma MK, Danielsson B, Willander M, Chatterjee R, Bhand S. A miniaturized nanobiosensor for choline analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 54:558-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Maternal Nutrition and Epigenetic Perturbation: Modeling Trends to Translation. CURRENT PEDIATRICS REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40124-013-0025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Amirian ES, Petrosino JF, Ajami NJ, Liu Y, Mims MP, Scheurer ME. Potential role of gastrointestinal microbiota composition in prostate cancer risk. Infect Agent Cancer 2013; 8:42. [PMID: 24180596 PMCID: PMC3826836 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-8-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among men in the U.S., prostate cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death. Despite its prevalence, there are few established risk factors for prostate cancer. Some studies have found that intake of certain foods/nutrients may be associated with prostate cancer risk, but few have accounted for how intake and metabolic factors may interact to influence bioavailable nutrient levels and subsequent disease risk. Presentation of the hypothesis The composition of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome may influence metabolism of dietary compounds and nutrients (e.g., plant phenols, calcium, choline) that may be relevant to prostate cancer risk. We, therefore, propose the hypothesis that GI microbiota may have a markedly different composition among individuals with higher prostate cancer risk. These individuals could have microbial profiles that are conducive to intestinal inflammation and/or are less favorable for the metabolism and uptake of chemopreventive agents. Testing the hypothesis Because very little preliminary data exist on this potential association, a case–control study may provide valuable information on this topic. Such a study could evaluate whether the GI microbial profile is markedly different between three groups of individuals: healthy men, those with latent prostate cancer, and those with invasive prostate cancer. Any findings could then be validated in a larger study, designed to collect a series of specimens over time. Implications of the hypothesis Given the plethora of information emerging from the Human Microbiome Project, this is an opportune time to explore associations between the microbiome and complex human diseases. Identification of profiles that alter the host’s risk for disease may clarify inconsistencies in the literature on dietary factors and cancer risk, and could provide valuable targets for novel cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael E Scheurer
- Dan L Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza MS:BCM305, 77030 Houston, TX, USA.
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Choline and betaine intakes are associated with reduced risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adults: a case-control study. Br J Cancer 2013; 110:808-16. [PMID: 24169354 PMCID: PMC3915107 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intakes of choline and betaine have been inversely related to the risk of various neoplasms, but scant data exist on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We examined the association between consumption of choline and betaine and risk of NPC. Methods: We conducted a case–control study with 600 incident NPC patients and 600 controls 1 : 1 matched by age, sex and household type in Guangdong, China. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire through face-to-face interview. Results: Intakes of total choline, betaine and choline+betaine were inversely related to NPC after adjustment for various lifestyle and dietary factors (all P-trend <0.001). Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for quartile 4 (vs quartile 1) were 0.42 (0.29, 0.61) for total choline, 0.50 (0.35, 0.72) for betaine and 0.44 (0.30, 0.64) for betaine+total choline. Regarding various sources of choline, lower NPC risk was associated with greater intakes of choline from phosphatidylcholine, free choline, glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine, but not sphingomyelin. Conclusion: These findings are consistent with a beneficial effect of choline and betaine intakes on carcinogenesis.
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