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Islam MR, Dhar PS, Akash S, Syed SH, Gupta JK, Gandla K, Akter M, Rauf A, Hemeg HA, Anwar Y, Aljohny BO, Wilairatana P. Bioactive molecules from terrestrial and seafood resources in hypertension treatment: focus on molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:45. [PMID: 37902881 PMCID: PMC10616036 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN), a complex cardiovascular disease (CVD), significantly impacts global health, prompting a growing interest in complementary and alternative therapeutic approaches. This review article seeks to provide an up-to-date and thorough summary of modern therapeutic techniques for treating HTN, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of action found in substances found in plants, herbs, and seafood. Bioactive molecules have been a significant source of novel therapeutics and are crucial in developing and testing new HTN remedies. Recent advances in science have made it possible to understand the complex molecular mechanisms underlying blood pressure (BP)-regulating effects of these natural substances better. Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and peptides are examples of bioactive compounds that have demonstrated promise in influencing several pathways involved in regulating vascular tone, reducing oxidative stress (OS), reducing inflammation, and improving endothelial function. The article explains the vasodilatory, diuretic, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) modifying properties of vital plants such as garlic and olive leaf. Phytochemicals from plants are the primary in traditional drug development as models for novel antihypertensive drugs, providing diverse strategies to combat HTN due to their biological actions. The review also discusses the functions of calcium channel blockers originating from natural sources, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and nitric oxide (NO) donors. Including seafood components in this study demonstrates the increased interest in using bioactive chemicals originating from marine sources to treat HTN. Omega-3 fatty acids, peptides, and minerals obtained from seafood sources have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antioxidant properties that improve vascular health and control BP. Overall, we discussed the multiple functions of bioactive molecules and seafood components in the treatment of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Sutro Dhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sabeena Hussain Syed
- School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Survey No 2, 3,4, Kondhwa Main Rd, Laxmi Nagar, Betal Nagar, Kondhwa, Pune, Maharashtra, 411048, India
| | | | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya (Deemed to Be University), Himayath Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India
| | - Muniya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23561, Pakistan.
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah Al-Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Oudh Aljohny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Caesary AG, Handayani N, Sujuti H. Effect of epigallocatechin gallate in green tea on preventing lens opacity and αB-crystallin aggregation in rat model of diabetes. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:342-347. [PMID: 36935798 PMCID: PMC10009592 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.03.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in preventing lens opacity and the aggregation of lens αB-crystallin in model rats of diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS This experimental study included Wistar rats for DM as in vivo models and divided into 5 groups. The treatment groups were administered EGCG by orally for 20d and were then assessed for their degree of lens opacity with binocular microscope and lens αB-crystallin expression from Western blot analyze. RESULTS Pearson correlation test and regression analysis on EGCG exposure and final random blood sugar (RBS) obtained a significance level of P<0.05. EGCG exposure can significantly lower RBS with an R 2 of 0.5634 (56.34%). The same analysis on EGCG exposure and the degree of lens opacity obtained a significance level of P<0.05 and increased exposure to EGCG can significantly lower the degree of lens opacity with an R 2 of 0.8577 (85.77%). Correlation analysis between EGCG and the expression of lens αB-crystallin can be concluded that the higher the EGCG exposure administered, the higher the native lens αB-crystallin expression and the lower the aggregate lens αB-crystallin expression. There was also significant effect in which every 1 mg/kg body weight dose of EGCG can increase the native lens αB-crystallin expression by 0.0063 and decrease the aggregate lens αB-crystallin expression by 0.0076. CONCLUSION The administration of EGCG at a dose of 300, 600, and 1200 mg shows a significant effect on preventing lens opacity and aggregation of αB-crystallin in diabetic rat models and this research could be a biomolecular prevention of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andita Gustria Caesary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang 65111, Indonesia
| | - Nina Handayani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang 65111, Indonesia
| | - Hidayat Sujuti
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang 65111, Indonesia
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LIU J, LI Q, TAN R. An exploratory to analysis the effects of the dirrerent roles of mathca on lipid metabolism and intestinal flora regulation between normal and diabetic mice fed a high-fat diet. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.25022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pani A, Baratta F, Pastori D, Coronati M, Scaglione F, Del Ben M. Prevention and management of type II diabetes chronic complications: the role of polyphenols (Mini-Review). Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1099-1109. [PMID: 34477505 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210902131021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The numerous complications of diabetes may be at least in part generated by the oxidative stress associated with the constant state of hyperglycemia. Polyphenols are plant based secondary metabolites that have high potentials in the prevention and treatment of some diseases, in particular those that involve oxidative stress, such as complications of diabetes. The purpose of this narrative review is to show the main evidence regarding the role of polyphenols in treating and preventing these complications. For the bibliographic research, the papers published up to March 15, 2021 were considered and the search terms included words relating to polyphenols, their classes and some more known compounds, in association with the complications of diabetes. There are numerous studies showing how polyphenols are active against endothelial damage induced by diabetes, oxidative stress and hyperinflammatory states that are at the origin of the complications of diabetes. Compounds such as flavonoids, but also anthocyanins, stilbenes or lignans slow the progression of kidney damage, prevent ischemic events and diabetic nephropathy. Many of these studies are preclinical, in cellular or animal models. The role of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of diabetes complications is undoubtedly promising. However, more clinical trials need to be implemented to understand the real effectiveness of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Baratta
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Coronati
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Scaglione
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Del Ben
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
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Zhu Q, Li XH, Chen HY, Jin QY. The effects of compound centella formula on OxInflammation and silent information regulator 1 in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney disease rat model. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:962. [PMID: 34335904 PMCID: PMC8290408 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese decoction compound centella formula (CCF) is clinically effective against diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but the exact mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of CCF on OxInflammation and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) levels in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into CCF, losartan, diabetic control (DC) and normal control (NC) groups (n=7). Except for the NC, all subgroups of rats were fed a high-fat diet for 112 days and received a single intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg STZ on day 29. All rats were sacrificed on day 112. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to analyse asiaticoside, astragaloside and triptolide levels in CCF (0.3400, 0.0640 and 0.0001 mg/ml, respectively). Fasting blood glucose, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were quantified. Periodic acid Schiff staining, H&E staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine kidney pathological changes. The mRNA and protein expression levels of SIRT1 in renal tissues were analysed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) in renal tissues. TNF-α and NF-κB p65 subunit in renal tissues were assessed for inflammation. Compared with the rats in the NC group, the rats in the DC group exhibited renal injury with proteinuria, decreased expression levels of SIRT1 and SOD (P<0.01) and increased levels of MDA, NOX4, TNF-α and NF-κB p65 (P<0.01). CCF treatment reduced proteinuria (P<0.01), alleviated renal damage, decreased MDA, NOX4, TNF-α and NF-κB p65 levels (P<0.01), increased SOD levels (P<0.05) and increased SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression levels (P<0.01). The present study indicates that CCF effectively protects the kidney from diabetes by inhibiting OxInflammation and upregulating SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Management of Kidney Disease, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Management of Kidney Disease, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Management of Kidney Disease, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Yang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
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Verma T, Sinha M, Bansal N, Yadav SR, Shah K, Chauhan NS. Plants Used as Antihypertensive. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:155-184. [PMID: 33174095 PMCID: PMC7981375 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00281-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a critical health problem and worse other cardiovascular diseases. It is mainly of two types: Primary or essential hypertension and Secondary hypertension. Hypertension is the primary possibility feature for coronary heart disease, stroke and renal vascular disease. Herbal medicines have been used for millions of years for the management and treatment of hypertension with minimum side effects. Over aim to write this review is to collect information on the anti-hypertensive effects of natural herbs in animal studies and human involvement as well as to recapitulate the underlying mechanisms, from the bottom of cell culture and ex-vivo tissue data. According to WHO, natural herbs/shrubs are widely used in increasing order to treat almost all the ailments of the human body. Plants are the regular industrial units for the invention of chemical constituents, they used as immunity booster to enhance the natural capacity of the body to fight against different health problems as well as herbal medicines and food products also. Eighty percent population of the world (around 5.6 billion people) consume medicines from natural plants for major health concerns. This review provides a bird's eye analysis primarily on the traditional utilization, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological values of medicinal herbs used to normalize hypertension i.e. Hibiscus sabdariffa, Allium sativum, Andrographis paniculata, Apium graveolens, Bidenspilosa, Camellia sinensis, Coptis chinensis, Coriandrum sativum, Crataegus spp., Crocus sativus, Cymbopogon citrates, Nigella sativa, Panax ginseng,Salviaemiltiorrhizae, Zingiber officinale, Tribulus terrestris, Rauwolfiaserpentina, Terminalia arjuna etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarawanti Verma
- I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University (IKGPTU), Jalandhar, Punjab India
| | - Manish Sinha
- Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, Kathog, Jwalamukhi, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, BELA, Ropar, Punjab India
| | - Shyam Raj Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, S.P. Jain College (Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara), Sasaram, Bihar India
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, NH#2, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406 India
| | - Nagendra Singh Chauhan
- Drugs Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra, 1st Floor Govt. Ayurvedic Hospital Building, Govt. Ayurvedic College Campus G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
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Huang S, Tang Y, Liu T, Zhang N, Yang X, Yang D, Hong G. A Novel Antioxidant Protects Against Contrast Medium-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:599577. [PMID: 33329004 PMCID: PMC7729082 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.599577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies proposed that oxidative stress and apoptosis are key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). Xylose-pyrogallol conjugate (XP) is an original effective antioxidant that showed decent antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effect before. Thus the therapeutic effect and mechanism of XP in preventing CI-AKI in the short and long term were investigated in this research. Renal function and histological grade were evaluated to determine the severity of renal injury. Kidney samples were then collected for the measurement of oxidative stress markers and the detection of apoptosis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot of mitochondrial protein were utilized for the analysis of the mitochondrial conditions. The results demonstrated that the CI-AKI rats caused a significant decrease in renal function accompanied by a remarkable increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA), bax, caspase-3, cytochrome c (Cyt C) level, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive apoptotic cells, and damaged mitochondria, while a decline in antioxidase activities and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression compared with the control rats. However, when XP (50 or 100 or 200 mg/kg/day) was given orally for consecutive 7 days before CI-AKI modeling, XP (200 mg/kg) showed a better capability to restore renal dysfunction, histopathological appearance, the level of apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and fibrosis generation without interference in computed tomographic imaging. Our study indicated that antioxidant XP played a nephroprotective role probably via antiapoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms. Besides, XP may regulate the mitochondria pathway via decreasing the ratio of bax/bcl-2, inhibiting caspase-3 expression, cytochrome c release, and superoxide dismutase 2 activity. Overall, XP as a high-efficient antioxidant may have the potentials to prevent CI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Huang
- Clinical College of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Clinical College of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianjun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Xueyan Yang
- Clinical College of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dingwei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Hong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Wang D, Li Y, Wang N, Luo G, Wang J, Luo C, Yu W, Hao L. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 prevents renal oxidative damage via the PARP1/SIRT1/NOX4 pathway in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E343-E356. [PMID: 31891537 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00270.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most important renal complications associated with diabetes, and the mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. To date, few studies have shown the antioxidant effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] on hyperglycemia-induced renal injury. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential mechanism by which 1,25(OH)2D3 reduced oxidative stress in diabetic rat kidneys. In this study, we established a vitamin D-deficient spontaneous diabetes model: 5-6 wk of age Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were treated with or without 1,25(OH)2D3 for 7 wk, age-matched Zucker lean rats served as control. Results showed that ZDF rats treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 had decreased body mass, food intake, water intake, and urine volume. 1,25(OH)2D3 ameliorated urine glucose, blood glucose and abnormal glucose tolerance. Additionally, 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly lowered microalbuminuria, decreased the glomerular basement membrane thickness, and in some degree inhibited glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion, and tubular dilatation. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 attenuated renal oxidative damage, as reflected by the levels of malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, 4-hydroxynonenal, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and reactive oxygen species production, and notably inhibited poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1), activated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and decreased the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). Of interest, the abovementioned proteins could be involved in the antioxidant mechanism of 1,25(OH)2D3 in diabetic rat kidneys. Our study showed that oxidative stress might be a major contributor to DN pathogenesis and uncovered the antioxidant role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in diabetic nephropathy that was associated with the PARP1/SIRT1/ NOX4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Can Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Furman BL, Candasamy M, Bhattamisra SK, Veettil SK. Reduction of blood glucose by plant extracts and their use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus; discrepancies in effectiveness between animal and human studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 247:112264. [PMID: 31600561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The global problem of diabetes, together with the limited access of large numbers of patients to conventional antidiabetic medicines, continues to drive the search for new agents. Ancient Asian systems such as traditional Chinese medicine, Japanese Kampo medicine, and Indian Ayurvedic medicine, as well as African traditional medicine and many others have identified numerous plants reported anecdotally to treat diabetes; there are probably more than 800 such plants for which there is scientific evidence for their activity, mostly from studies using various models of diabetes in experimental animals. AIM OF THE REVIEW Rather than a comprehensive coverage of the literature, this article aims to identify discrepancies between findings in animal and human studies, and to highlight some of the problems in developing plant extract-based medicines that lower blood glucose in patients with diabetes, as well as to suggest potential ways forward. METHODS In addition to searching the 2018 PubMed literature using the terms 'extract AND blood glucose, a search of the whole literature was conducted using the terms 'plant extracts' AND 'blood glucose' AND 'diabetes' AND 'double blind' with 'clinical trials' as a filter. A third search using PubMed and Medline was undertaken for systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the effects of plant extracts on blood glucose/glycosylated haemoglobin in patients with relevant metabolic pathologies. FINDINGS Despite numerous animal studies demonstrating the effects of plant extracts on blood glucose, few randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have been conducted to confirm efficacy in treating humans with diabetes; there have been only a small number of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of clinical studies. Qualitative and quantitative discrepancies between animal and human clinical studies in some cases were marked; the factors contributing to this included variations in the products among different studies, the doses used, differences between animal models and the human disease, and the impact of concomitant therapy in patients, as well as differences in the duration of treatment, and the fact that treatment in animals may begin before or very soon after the induction of diabetes. CONCLUSION The potential afforded by natural products has not yet been realised in the context of treating diabetes mellitus. A systematic, coordinated, international effort is required to achieve the goal of providing anti-diabetic treatments derived from medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Furman
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, 161, Cathedral Street Glasgow, G4 ORE, Scotland, UK.
| | - Mayuren Candasamy
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sajesh K Veettil
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Laddha AP, Kulkarni YA. Tannins and vascular complications of Diabetes: An update. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 56:229-245. [PMID: 30668344 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with persistent increased level of glucose in the blood. According to a report by World Health Organisation (WHO), prevalence of diabetes among adults over 18 years of age had reached to 8.5% in year 2014 which was 4.7% in 1980s. The Prolong increased level of glucose in blood leads to development of microvascular (blindness, nephropathy and neuropathy) and macrovascular (cardiovascular and stroke) degenerative complications because of uncontrolled level of glucose in blood. This also leads to the progression of oxidative stress and affecting metabolic, genetic and haemodynamic system by activation of polyol pathway, protein kinase C pathway, hexosamine pathway and increases advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation. Diabetes mellitus and its associated complications are one of the major leading causes of mortality worldwide. Various natural products like alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids and polyphenols are reported for their activity in management of diabetes and its associated diabetic complications. Tannins are systematically studied by many researchers in past few decades for their effect in diabetes and its complications. AIM The present review was designed to compile the data of tannins and their beneficial effects in the management of diabetic complications. METHOD Literature search was performed using various dataset like pubmed, EBSCO, proQuest Scopus and selected websites including the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS Globally, more than 400 natural products have been investigated in diabetes and its complications. Tannins are the polyphenolic compounds present in many medicinal plants and various dietary sources like fruits, nuts, grains, spices and beverages. Various reports have shown that compounds like gallic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, epicatechin and procynidins from medicinal plants play major role in controlling progression of diabetes and its related complications by acting on molecular pathways and key targets involved in progression. Many chemists used above mentioned phyto-constituents as a pharmacophore for the developing new chemical entities having higher therapeutic benefits in management of diabetic complications. CONCLUSION This review focuses on the role of various tannins in prevention and management of diabetic complications like diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic cardiomyopathy. It will help researchers to find some leads for the development of new cost effective therapy using dietary source for the management of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit P Laddha
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India.
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11
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Rapid prediction of yellow tea free amino acids with hyperspectral images. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210084. [PMID: 30785888 PMCID: PMC6382264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Free amino acids are an important indicator of the freshness of yellow tea. This study investigated a novel procedure for predicting the free amino acid (FAA) concentration of yellow tea. It was developed based on the combined spectral and textural features from hyperspectral images. For the purposes of exploration and comparison, hyperspectral images of yellow tea (150 samples) were captured and analyzed. The raw spectra were preprocessed with Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing. To reduce the dimension of spectral data, five feature wavelengths were extracted using the successive projections algorithm (SPA). Five textural features (angular second moment, entropy, contrast, correlation, and homogeneity) were extracted as textural variables from the characteristic grayscale images of the five characteristic wavelengths using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). The FAA content prediction model with different variables was established by a genetic algorithm-support vector regression (GA-SVR) algorithm. The results showed that better prediction results were obtained by combining the feature wavelengths and textural variables. Compared with other data, this prediction result was still very satisfactory in the GA-SVR model, indicating that data fusion was an effective way to enhance hyperspectral imaging ability for the determination of free amino acid values in yellow tea.
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12
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Yaribeygi H, Simental‐Mendía LE, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of plant‐derived natural products on renal complications. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12161-12172. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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13
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Nazarian-Samani Z, Sewell RDE, Lorigooini Z, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Medicinal Plants with Multiple Effects on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: a Systematic Review. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18:72. [PMID: 30105479 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-1042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This systematic review describes evidence concerning medicinal plants that, in addition to exerting hypoglycemic effects, decrease accompanying complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, hypertension, and/or hyperlipidemia among individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). RECENT FINDINGS Studies on the antidiabetic mechanisms of medicinal plants have shown that most of them produce hypoglycemic activity by stimulating insulin secretion, augmenting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), inhibiting α-amylase or α-glucosidase, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation, free radical scavenging plus antioxidant activity (against reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS)), up-regulating or elevating translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4), and preventing development of insulin resistance. Not only are medicinal plants effective in DM, but many of them also possess a variety of effects on other disease states, including the complications of DM. Such plants may be appropriate alternatives or adjuncts to available antidiabetic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nazarian-Samani
- Basic Science Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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14
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Shaw HM, Wu JL, Wang MS. Antihypertensive effects of Ocimum gratissimum extract: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in vitro and in vivo investigation. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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15
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Beidokhti MN, Jäger AK. Review of antidiabetic fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices commonly consumed in the diet. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 201:26-41. [PMID: 28257977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes and its prevalence is rapidly increasing throughout the world. Modifications of lifestyle such as suitable diet and exercise programs along with pharmacotherapy and education of patients are beneficial therapies for patients with type 2 diabetes. The ethnopharmacological use of herbal medicines, many of them part of our diet as spices, vegetables and fruits, has been developed for the treatment of diabetes due to inexpensiveness, easy availability and few side effects. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim is to present a review for researchers who are interested in the biologically active dietary plants traditionally utilized in the treatment of diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Sci Finder and Cochrane. Common and scientific name of the fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices and the words 'antidiabetic', 'hypoglycemic', 'anti-hyperglycemic', 'type 2 diabetes' were used as keywords for search. RESULTS Certain fruits and vegetables are functional foods and their consumption reduces the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemic effects of fruits and vegetables may be due to their inducing nature on pancreatic β-cells for insulin secretion, or bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids and anthocyanins, which act as insulin-like molecules or insulin secretagogues. CONCLUSION This write-up covers hypoglycemic, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-diabetic activities of some dietary fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices and their active hypoglycemic constituents. Including such plant species in the diet might improve management of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Najari Beidokhti
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna K Jäger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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16
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da Silva Cristino Cordeiro V, de Bem GF, da Costa CA, Santos IB, de Carvalho LCRM, Ognibene DT, da Rocha APM, de Carvalho JJ, de Moura RS, Resende AC. Euterpe oleracea Mart. seed extract protects against renal injury in diabetic and spontaneously hypertensive rats: role of inflammation and oxidative stress. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:817-832. [PMID: 28105508 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE), through its anti-hypertensive, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may be useful to treat or prevent human diseases. Several evidences suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy; therefore, we tested the hypothesis that ASE (200 mg/kg-1day-1) prevents diabetes and hypertension-related oxidative stress and inflammation, attenuating renal injury. METHODS Male rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (D), and spontaneously hypertensive rats with STZ-induced diabetes (DH) were treated daily with tap water or ASE (D + ASE and DH + ASE, respectively) for 45 days. The control (C) and hypertensive (H) animals received water. RESULTS The elevated serum levels of urea and creatinine in D and DH, and increased albumin excretion in HD were reduced by ASE. Total glomeruli number in D and DH, were increased by ASE that also reduced renal fibrosis in both groups by decreasing collagen IV and TGF-β1 expression. ASE improved biomarkers of renal filtration barrier (podocin and nephrin) in D and DH groups and prevented the increased expression of caspase-3, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 in both groups. ASE reduced oxidative damage markers (TBARS, carbonyl levels and 8-isoprostane) in D and DH associated with a decrease in Nox 4 and p47 subunit expression and increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in both groups (SOD, catalase and GPx). CONCLUSION ASE substantially reduced renal injury and prevented renal dysfunction by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and improving the renal filtration barrier, providing a nutritional resource for prevention of diabetic and hypertensive-related nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane da Silva Cristino Cordeiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Aguiar da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Lenize Costa Reis Marins de Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Machado da Rocha
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Jorge José de Carvalho
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Angela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil.
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17
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Mi X, Tang W, Chen X, Liu F, Tang X. Mitofusin 2 attenuates the histone acetylation at collagen IV promoter in diabetic nephropathy. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 57:233-249. [PMID: 27997345 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) increase in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. The mechanism of protective function of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) for mitochondria remains largely unknown. In this study, the molecular mechanisms for the effect of Mfn2 on mitochondria and subsequent collagen IV expression in DN were investigated. Ras-binding-deficient mitofusin 2 (Mfn2-Ras(Δ)) were overexpressed in rat glomerular mesangial cells, and then the cells were detected for mitochondrial morphology, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mRNA and protein expression of collagen IV with advanced glycation end-product (AGE) stimulation. Preliminary results reveal that the mitochondrial dysfunction and the increased synthesis of collagen IV after AGE stimulation were reverted by Mfn2-Ras(Δ) overexpression. Bioinformatical computations were performed to search transcriptional factor motifs in the promoter region of collagen IV. Three specific regions for TFAP2A binding were identified, followed by validation with chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. Knocking down TFAP2A significantly decreased the TF binding in the first two regions and the gene expression of collagen IV. Furthermore, results reveal that Mfn2-Ras(Δ) overexpression significantly mitigated TFAP2A binding and also reverted the histone acetylation at Regions 1 and 2 after AGE stimulation. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Mfn2-Ras(Δ) overexpression also ameliorated glomerular mesangial lesions with decreased collagen IV expression, accompanied by decreased acetylation and TFAP2A binding at Region 1. In conclusion, this study highlights the pathway by which mitochondria affect the histone acetylation of gene promoter and provides a new potential therapy approach for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Mi
- Division of NephrologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanxin Tang
- Division of NephrologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Division of NephrologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Division of NephrologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Tang
- Division of NephrologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Mohabbulla Mohib M, Fazla Rabby S, Paran TZ, Mehedee Hasan M, Ahmed I, Hasan N, Abu Taher Sagor M, Mohiuddin S. Protective role of green tea on diabetic nephropathy—A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23312025.2016.1248166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mohabbulla Mohib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - S.M. Fazla Rabby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Tasfiq Zaman Paran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mehedee Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Iqbal Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Nahid Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Sarif Mohiuddin
- Department of Anatomy, Pioneer Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
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19
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Borges CM, Papadimitriou A, Duarte DA, Lopes de Faria JM, Lopes de Faria JB. The use of green tea polyphenols for treating residual albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy: A double-blind randomised clinical trial. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28282. [PMID: 27320846 PMCID: PMC4913255 DOI: 10.1038/srep28282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior research has shown that in experimental diabetes mellitus, green tea reduces albuminuria by decreasing podocyte apoptosis through activation of the WNT pathway. We investigated the effect of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on residual albuminuria of diabetic subjects with nephropathy. We conducted a randomised, double-blind study in 42 diabetic subjects with a urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) >30 mg/g, despite administration of the maximum recommended dose of renin-angiotensin (RAS) inhibition. Patients were randomly assigned to two equal groups to receive either GTP (containing 800 mg of epigallocatechin gallate, 17 with type 2 diabetes and 4 with type 1 diabetes) or placebo (21 with type 2 diabetes) for 12 weeks. Treatment with GTP reduced UACR by 41%, while the placebo group saw a 2% increase in UACR (p = 0.019). Podocyte apoptosis (p = 0.001) and in vitro albumin permeability (p < 0.001) were higher in immortalized human podocytes exposed to plasma from diabetic subjects compared to podocytes treated with plasma from normal individuals. In conclusion, GTP administration reduces albuminuria in diabetic patients receiving the maximum recommended dose of RAS. Reduction in podocyte apoptosis by activation of the WNT pathway may have contributed to this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M. Borges
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandros Papadimitriou
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego A. Duarte
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline M. Lopes de Faria
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José B. Lopes de Faria
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Gao Z, Han Y, Hu Y, Wu X, Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu J, Zou X, Zhang J, Chen X, Jose PA, Lu X, Zeng C. Targeting HO-1 by Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Reduces Contrast-Induced Renal Injury via Anti-Oxidative Stress and Anti-Inflammation Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149032. [PMID: 26866373 PMCID: PMC4750900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a purified catechin from green tea, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unknown whether or not EGCG is effective in treating CIN. Our present study found that intravenous administration of EGCG, either before or just after the establishment of CIN, had a protective effect, determined by normalization of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, improvement in renal histopathological scoring and alleviation of apoptosis, accompanied by decreased oxidative stress and inflammation. Because EGCG is a potent inducer of the antioxidant heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), we studied HO-1 signaling in CIN. HO-1 levels were increased in CIN; treatment with EGCG further increased HO-1 levels, accompanied by an increase in Nrf2, a regulator of antioxidant proteins. Interestingly, blockade of HO-1 with protoporphyrin IX zinc(II) (ZnPP) prevented the protective effect of EGCG on CIN. ZnPP also blocked the ability of EGCG to increase the activity of an antioxidant (superoxide dismutase), and decrease markers of oxidative stress (myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde) and inflammation (myeloperoxidase and IL-1β), indicating that HO-1 is the upstream molecule that regulates the EGCG-mediated protection. To determine further the role of HO-1 on the EGCG-mediated inhibition of inflammation, we studied the effect of EGCG on the NLRP3 inflammasome, an upstream signaling of IL-1β. EGCG down-regulated NLRP3 expression, which was blocked by ZnPP, indicating that HO-1 links EGCG with NLRP3. Therefore, EGCG, via up-regulation of HO-1, protects against CIN by amelioration of oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yunhui Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jinjuan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (CZ); (XL)
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (CZ); (XL)
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21
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Al Disi SS, Anwar MA, Eid AH. Anti-hypertensive Herbs and their Mechanisms of Action: Part I. Front Pharmacol 2016; 6:323. [PMID: 26834637 PMCID: PMC4717468 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of herbal therapies for treatment and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing. Plants contain a bounty of phytochemicals that have proven to be protective by reducing the risk of various ailments and diseases. Indeed, accumulating literature provides the scientific evidence and hence reason d'etre for the application of herbal therapy in relation to CVDs. Slowly, but absolutely, herbal remedies are being entrenched into evidence-based medical practice. This is partly due to the supporting clinical trials and epidemiological studies. The rationale for this expanding interest and use of plant based treatments being that a significant proportion of hypertensive patients do not respond to Modern therapeutic medication. Other elements to this equation are the cost of medication, side-effects, accessibility, and availability of drugs. Therefore, we believe it is pertinent to review the literature on the beneficial effects of herbs and their isolated compounds as medication for treatment of hypertension, a prevalent risk factor for CVDs. Our search utilized the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, and the criterion for inclusion was based on the following keywords and phrases: hypertension, high blood pressure, herbal medicine, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), nitric oxide, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, hydrogen sulfide, nuclear factor kappa-B, oxidative stress, and epigenetics/epigenomics. Each of the aforementioned keywords was co-joined with herb in question, and where possible with its constituent molecule(s). In this first of a two-part review, we provide a brief introduction of hypertension, followed by a discussion of the molecular and cellular mechanisms. We then present and discuss the plants that are most commonly used in the treatment and management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S. Al Disi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar UniversityDoha, Qatar
| | - M. Akhtar Anwar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar UniversityDoha, Qatar
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar UniversityDoha, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of BeirutBeirut, Lebanon
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22
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Myrciaria cauliflora extracts attenuate diabetic nephropathy involving the Ras signaling pathway in streptozotocin/nicotinamide mice on a high fat diet. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:136-146. [PMID: 28911396 PMCID: PMC9345440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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23
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Zhang L, Ji L, Tang X, Chen X, Li Z, Mi X, Yang L. Inhibition to DRP1 translocation can mitigate p38 MAPK-signaling pathway activation in GMC induced by hyperglycemia. Ren Fail 2015; 37:903-10. [PMID: 25857570 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1034607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes with a poorly defined etiology and limited treatment options. Early intervention is a key to preventing the progression of DN. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) regulates mitochondrial morphology by promoting its fission and is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Furthermore, DRP1 is also closely associated with the development of diabetes, but its functional role in DN remains unknown. This study investigated the effect of DRP1 on early stage of DN. DRP1 expression has increased significantly in glomerular mesangial cell (GMC), which is cultivated in high glucose (HG). Ultra-microstructural changes of nephrons, expression of collagen IV and phosph-p38, ROS production, and mitochondrial function were evaluated and, at the same time, were compared with glomerular mesangial cell (GMC) cultured in normal-glucose (NG), mannitol, and a medium with mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Midivi-1). Endogenous DRP1 expression increased in DN. Compared to the control groups ofNG and mannitol, overexpression of DRP1 destroyed pathological changes typical of the GMC, like accumulation of extracellular matrix, and an increase in mitochondria division. In addition, Overexpression of DRP1 promoted the activation of p38, the accumulation of ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the synthesis of collagen IV, and all these changes are suppressed by Midivi-1. This study demonstrates that DRP1 overexpression can accelerate pathological changes in the GMC cultured in HG. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism of this destructive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- LieMei Zhang
- a Division of Nephrology , West China Hospital of Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
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Liu JY, Chen XX, Tang SCW, Lao LX, Sze SCW, Lee KF, Zhang KYB. Edible plants from traditional Chinese medicine is a promising alternative for the management of diabetic nephropathy. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Reduced LRP6 expression and increase in the interaction of GSK3β with p53 contribute to podocyte apoptosis in diabetes mellitus and are prevented by green tea. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:416-30. [PMID: 25655048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In diabetes mellitus (DM), podocyte apoptosis leads to albuminuria and nephropathy progression. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) is WNT pathway receptor that is involved in podocyte death, adhesion and motility. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) interaction with p53 (GSK3-p53) promotes apoptosis in carcinoma cells. It is unknown if GSK3-p53 contributes to podocyte apoptosis in DM. In experimental DM, green tea (GT) reduces albuminuria by an unknown mechanism. In the present study, we assessed the role of the GSK3β-p53 in podocyte apoptosis and the effects of GT on these abnormalities. In diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), GT prevents podocyte's p-LRP6 expression reduction, increased GSK3β-p53 and high p53 levels. In diabetic SHR rats, GT reduces podocyte apoptosis, foot process effacement and albuminuria. In immortalized mouse podocytes (iMPs), high glucose (HG), silencing RNA (siRNA) or blocking LRP6 (DKK-1) reduced p-LRP6 expression, leading to high GSK3β-p53, p53 expression, apoptosis and increased albumin influx. GSK3β blockade by BIO reduced GSK3β-p53 and podocyte apoptosis. In iMPs under HG, GT reduced apoptosis and the albumin influx by blocking GSK3β-p53 following the rise in p-LRP6 expression. These effects of GT were prevented by LRP6 siRNA or DKK-1. In conclusion, in DM, WNT inhibition, via LRP6, increases GSK3β-p53 and podocyte apoptosis. Maneuvers that inactivate GSK3β-p53, such as GT, may be renoprotective in DM.
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Papadimitriou A, Silva KC, Peixoto EBMI, Borges CM, Lopes de Faria JM, Lopes de Faria JB. Theobromine increases NAD⁺/Sirt-1 activity and protects the kidney under diabetic conditions. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 308:F209-25. [PMID: 25411384 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00252.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduction in sirtuin 1 (Sirt-1) is associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in the diabetic kidney. Theobromine may reduce kidney ECM accumulation in diabetic rats. In the current study, we aimed to unravel, under diabetic conditions, the mechanism of kidney ECM accumulation induced by a reduction in Sirt-1 and the effect of theobromine in these events. In vitro, we used immortalized human mesangial cells (iHMCs) exposed to high glucose (HG; 30 mM), with or without small interfering RNA for NOX4 and Sirt-1. In vivo, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were rendered diabetic by means of streptozotocin and studied after 12 wk. The effects of treatment with theobromine were investigated under both conditions. HG leads to a decrease in Sirt-1 activity and NAD(+) levels in iHMCs. Sirt-1 activity could be reestablished by treatment with NAD(+), silencing NOX4, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) blockade, or with theobromine. HG also leads to a low AMP/ATP ratio, acetylation of SMAD3, and increased collagen IV, which is prevented by theobromine. Sirt-1 or AMPK blockade abolished these effects of theobromine. In diabetic SHR, theobromine prevented increases in albuminuria and kidney collagen IV, reduced AMPK, elevated NADPH oxidase activity and PARP-1, and reduced NAD(+) levels and Sirt-1 activity. These results suggest that in diabetes mellitus, Sirt-1 activity is reduced by PARP-1 activation and NAD(+) depletion due to low AMPK, which increases NOX4 expression, leading to ECM accumulation mediated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling. It is suggested that Sirt-1 activation by theobromine may have therapeutic potential for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Papadimitriou
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kamila C Silva
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisa B M I Peixoto
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cynthia M Borges
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline M Lopes de Faria
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José B Lopes de Faria
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Protective effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1210-5. [PMID: 25154791 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence suggesting that antioxidants in green tea extracts may protect kidneys on the progression of end-stage renal disease. We investigated the protective impacts of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCG) against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice. The mice were divided into 5 groups (n=10 per group): control (saline, i.p.), STZ (200mg/kg, i.p.), EGCG50 (50mg/kg, S.Q.), EGCG100 (100mg/kg, S.Q.), and EGCG200 (200mg/kg, S.Q.). Animals were sacrificed at scheduled times after EGCG administration and then quantitative and qualitative analysis were performed. Compared with the control group, the STZ group showed an increase in levels of blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urine protein amounts with a decrease in body weight. All the above parameters were significantly reversed with EGCG treatment, especially in the EGCG100 group. After STZ injection, there was a mesangial proliferation with increased renal osteopontin accumulation and its protein expression in the glomeruli and the proximal tubules. Mice kidneys after EGCG-treatment showed a reduced expression of above parameters and relatively improved histopathological findings. These results indicated that EGCG 100mg/kg might provide an effective protection against STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice by osteopontin suppression.
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Papadimitriou A, Peixoto EBMI, Silva KC, Lopes de Faria JM, Lopes de Faria JB. Increase in AMPK brought about by cocoa is renoprotective in experimental diabetes mellitus by reducing NOX4/TGFβ-1 signaling. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:773-84. [PMID: 24768660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to investigate, in diabetes mellitus (DM), the mechanism of NOX4 up-regulation, its link with 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inactivation and transforming growth factor (TGF) ß-1 signaling in determining the accumulation of kidney extracellular matrix (ECM), and the possible action of cocoa enriched with polyphenols (CH) in these events. After 16 weeks of DM, spontaneously hypertensive rats showed increased kidney TGFβ-1 levels and expression of phosphorylated smad2, collagen IV and fibronectin in parallel with elevated NOX4 expression and reduced phosphorylated AMPK. CH treatment in diabetic rats prevented all of these abnormalities. In immortalized human mesangial cells exposed to high glucose (HG), or TGFβ-1, CH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate blocker, or silencing NOX4 ameliorated enhanced phosphorylated smad2 and collagen IV. Reduction in phosphorylated AMPK induced by HG or TGFβ-1 was ameliorated by CH or activation of AMPK, which reduced phosphorylation of smad2 and collagen IV via reduction in NOX4 expression. The effects of CH were abolished by AMPK blockade. These results suggest that inactivation in AMPK leads to NOX4 up-regulation, activation of TGFβ-1 signaling and increased ECM accumulation. Additionally, increased TGF-ß1 per se leads to the amplification of ECM production by reducing AMPK and promoting the activation of NOX4. It is suggested that the activation of AMPK by CH followed by reduction in NOX4/TGFβ-1 signaling may have a therapeutic potential in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Papadimitriou
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Elisa B M I Peixoto
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Kamila C Silva
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jacqueline M Lopes de Faria
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - José B Lopes de Faria
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Interaction of some commercial teas with some carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes linked with type-2 diabetes: a dietary intervention in the prevention of type-2 diabetes. Adv Prev Med 2014; 2014:534082. [PMID: 24527218 PMCID: PMC3914286 DOI: 10.1155/2014/534082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed at assessing the inhibitory effect of teas on key enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) linked with type-2 diabetes and their antioxidant properties. Four samples of three brands were used; infusions of green tea (GT), 2 brands of black tea (BT), and a formulated herbal preparation for diabetes (ADT) (white tea, Radix Puerariae, Radix ophiopogonis, hawthorn berry, Chinese yam, and fragrant Solomon seal rhizome) were prepared and subsequently analyzed for their total phenol, ascorbic acid contents, antioxidant properties (2,2-Azizobis
(3-Ethylbenzo-Thiazoline~6-sulfonate) “ABTS” scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant property), and inhibition of pancreatic-α-amylase and intestinal-α-glucosidase in vitro. The study revealed that GT had the highest total phenol content, ascorbic acid content, ABTS∗ scavenging ability, and ferric reducing ability. Furthermore, all the teas inhibited Fe2+ and sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in pancreas, with GT having the highest inhibitory effect. Conversely, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the inhibitory effects of the teas on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The antidiabetic property of the teas could be attributed to their inhibitory effect on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes implicated in diabetes and their antioxidant activities.
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Effectiveness of green tea in a randomized human cohort: relevance to diabetes and its complications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:412379. [PMID: 24102055 PMCID: PMC3786468 DOI: 10.1155/2013/412379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have argued that green tea could mitigate diabetes and its complications. This study investigated the phytophenolic profile of Mauritian green tea and its antioxidant propensity. The effect of green tea on the risk factors: waist-hip ratio, glucose level, arterial pressure, antioxidant status, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in prediabetics was assessed. The experimental group consumed 3 cups of green tea daily for 14 weeks followed by a 2-week washout period. The control group followed a water regimen. Green tea contained high level of phenolics related to its antioxidant power. Green tea suppressed waist-hip ratio of women from a significant increase and suppressed mean arterial pressure of men and women from a significant decrease after week 14. It reduced ALT level in women by 13.0% (P < 0.1) while increasing the antioxidant potential of men and women sera by 2.7% (P < 0.1) and 5.1% (P < 0.1). The study timescale may have been too short to enable demonstration of effects on fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c outcomes. Green tea regimen could form part of a healthy lifestyle that might ameliorate features of metabolic syndrome and subsequent risks for diabetes and its complications. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01248143.
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31
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Tavafi M. Complexity of diabetic nephropathy pathogenesis and design of investigations. J Renal Inj Prev 2013; 2:59-62. [PMID: 25340129 PMCID: PMC4206008 DOI: 10.12861/jrip.2013.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) pathogenesis is very complex and multifactorial. There are several mechanisms or pathways that hyperglycemia leads to renal injuries. Each pathway makes renal injuries via several mediators. Some mediators are common between the pathways such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TGF-β and there are many overlaps and interference between the pathways. This review summarized complexity of DN pathogenesis and overlaps or interfering of mediators between the pathogenesis pathways. Besides, in the review suggested new designs of researches based on this complexity pathogenesis. The pathogenesis of DN is certainly very complex and multifactorial. From the overview of molecular mechanisms of DN pathogenesis, there are many pathways and many mediators with many interferences and overlaps between them. The focal point of this pathogenesis still unknown but it seems that RAAS system, oxidative stress and TGF-β relatively are common between these complex tangle webs of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Tavafi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical sciences, Khoram Abad, Iran
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Arora MK, Singh UK. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy: an update. Vascul Pharmacol 2013; 58:259-71. [PMID: 23313806 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is known to trigger retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy, a long-term major microvascular complication of uncontrolled hyperglycemia, affects a large population worldwide. Recent findings suggest that numerous pathways are activated during the course of diabetes mellitus and that these pathways individually or collectively play a role in the induction and progression of diabetic nephropathy. However, clinical strategies targeting these pathways to manage diabetic nephropathy remain unsatisfactory, as the number of diabetic patients with nephropathy is increasing yearly. To develop ground-breaking therapeutic options to prevent the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the disease is mandatory. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the underlying mechanisms and downstream pathways involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Kumar Arora
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut 250005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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33
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Faria AM, Papadimitriou A, Silva KC, Lopes de Faria JM, Lopes de Faria JB. Uncoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase is ameliorated by green tea in experimental diabetes by re-establishing tetrahydrobiopterin levels. Diabetes 2012; 61:1838-47. [PMID: 22586583 PMCID: PMC3379677 DOI: 10.2337/db11-1241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated the potential of green tea (GT) to improve uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in diabetic conditions. In rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability was reduced by uncoupling eNOS, characterized by a reduction in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) levels and a decrease in the eNOS dimer-to-monomer ratio. GT treatment ameliorated these abnormalities. Moreover, immortalized human mesangial cells (ihMCs) exposed to high glucose (HG) levels exhibited a rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decline in NO levels, which were reversed with GT. BH(4) and the activity of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I decreased in ihMCs exposed to HG and was normalized by GT. Exogenous administration of BH(4) in ihMCs reversed the HG-induced rise in ROS and the decline in NO production. However, coadministration of GT with BH(4) did not result in a further reduction in ROS production, suggesting that reduced ROS with GT was indeed secondary to uncoupled eNOS. In summary, GT reversed the diabetes-induced reduction of BH(4) levels, ameliorating uncoupling eNOS, and thus increasing NO bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress, two abnormalities that are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline M Faria
- Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation on Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas,Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Altenhöfer S, Kleikers PWM, Radermacher KA, Scheurer P, Rob Hermans JJ, Schiffers P, Ho H, Wingler K, Schmidt HHHW. The NOX toolbox: validating the role of NADPH oxidases in physiology and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:2327-43. [PMID: 22648375 PMCID: PMC3383958 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cellular signals but also disease triggers; their relative excess (oxidative stress) or shortage (reductive stress) compared to reducing equivalents are potentially deleterious. This may explain why antioxidants fail to combat diseases that correlate with oxidative stress. Instead, targeting of disease-relevant enzymatic ROS sources that leaves physiological ROS signaling unaffected may be more beneficial. NADPH oxidases are the only known enzyme family with the sole function to produce ROS. Of the catalytic NADPH oxidase subunits (NOX), NOX4 is the most widely distributed isoform. We provide here a critical review of the currently available experimental tools to assess the role of NOX and especially NOX4, i.e. knock-out mice, siRNAs, antibodies, and pharmacological inhibitors. We then focus on the characterization of the small molecule NADPH oxidase inhibitor, VAS2870, in vitro and in vivo, its specificity, selectivity, and possible mechanism of action. Finally, we discuss the validation of NOX4 as a potential therapeutic target for indications including stroke, heart failure, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Altenhöfer
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Vascular Drug Discovery Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela W. M. Kleikers
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Vascular Drug Discovery Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim A. Radermacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Vascular Drug Discovery Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - J. J. Rob Hermans
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Vascular Drug Discovery Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Schiffers
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Vascular Drug Discovery Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi Ho
- National Stroke Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Kirstin Wingler
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Vascular Drug Discovery Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Harald H. H. W. Schmidt
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Vascular Drug Discovery Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Chennasamudram SP, Kudugunti S, Boreddy PR, Moridani MY, Vasylyeva TL. Renoprotective effects of (+)-catechin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Nutr Res 2012; 32:347-56. [PMID: 22652374 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus leading to end-stage renal disease. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Green tea, known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been shown to be renoprotective. We hypothesized that (+)-catechin (CTN), a component of green tea, is responsible for the renoprotection. Our investigation of the therapeutic potential of CTN in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats demonstrated for the first time that the effects of CTN treatment were comparable with the effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) enalapril for the treatment of albumin excretion. After 12 weeks of CTN treatment with 35 mg/d in the drinking water, urinary albumin excretion and plasma creatinine concentrations in all the diabetic treatment groups were reduced, compared with the diabetic group with no treatment. Urine creatinine and creatinine clearance were higher in diabetic groups treated with CTN and ACEi compared with the diabetic group with no treatment. Endothelin 1, lipid peroxidation, concentration of alanine transferase enzyme, and expression of fibronectin were lower in all the treatment groups compared with the diabetic group with no treatment. Concentrations of free thiols were higher in the CTN-treated group compared with the diabetic rats with no treatment. Our findings suggest that CTN has renoprotective properties comparable with ACEi, and coadministration of CTN and enalapril might be useful in reducing albumin excretion as well as improving endothelial function. (+)-Catechin might be successfully used in the future for clinical situations where ACEi is poorly tolerated or contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha P Chennasamudram
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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Yan SJ, Wang L, Li Z, Zhu DN, Guo SC, Xin WF, Yang YF, Cong X, Ma T, Shen PP, Sheng J, Zhang WS. Inhibition of advanced glycation end product formation by Pu-erh tea ameliorates progression of experimental diabetic nephropathy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:4102-4110. [PMID: 22482420 DOI: 10.1021/jf300347p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has been implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy. We investigated the effects of Pu-erh tea on AGE accumulation associated with diabetic nephropathy. Although it did not affect blood glucose levels and insulin sensitivy, Pu-erh tea treatment for 8 weeks attenuated the increases in urinary albumin, serum creatinine, and mesangial matrix in db/db mice. We found that Pu-erh tea prevented diabetes-induced accumulation of AGEs and led to a decreased level of receptor for AGE expression in glomeruli. Both production and clearance of carbonyl compounds, the main precursor of AGE formation, were probably attenuated by Pu-erh tea in vivo independent of glyoxalase I expression. In vitro, HPLC assay demonstrated Pu-erh tea could trap methylglyoxal in a dose-dependent manner. Our study raises the possibility that inhibition of AGE formation by carbonyl trapping is a promising approach to prevent or arrest the progression of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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37
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Tang WX, Wu WH, Zeng XX, Bo H, Huang SM. Early protective effect of mitofusion 2 overexpression in STZ-induced diabetic rat kidney. Endocrine 2012; 41:236-47. [PMID: 22095488 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-011-9555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes with a poorly defined etiology and limited treatment options. Early intervention is key to preventing the progression of DN. Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) regulates mitochondrial morphology and signaling, and is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Furthermore, Mfn2 is also closely associated with the development of diabetes, but its functional roles in the diabetic kidney remain unknown. This study investigated the effect of Mfn2 at an early stage of DN. Mfn2 was overexpressed by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Clinical parameters (proteinuria, albumin/creatinine ratio), pathological changes, ultra-microstructural changes in nephrons, expression of collagen IV and phosph-p38, ROS production, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis were evaluated and compared with diabetic rats expressing control levels of Mfn2. Endogenous Mfn2 expression decreased with time in DN. Compared to the blank transfection control group, overexpression of Mfn2 decreased kidney weight relative to body weight, reduced proteinuria and ACR, and improved pathological changes typical of the diabetic kidney, like enlargement of glomeruli, accumulation of ECM, and thickening of the basement membrane. In addition, Mfn2 overexpression inhibited activation of p38, and the accumulation of ROS; prevented mitochondrial dysfunction; and reduced the synthesis of collagen IV, but did not affect apoptosis of kidney cells. This study demonstrates that Mfn2 overexpression can attenuate pathological changes in the kidneys of diabetic rats. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism of this protective function. Mfn2 might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of early stage DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Xin Tang
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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38
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The effects of green tea consumption on cardiometabolic alterations induced by experimental diabetes. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2012; 2012:309231. [PMID: 22474420 PMCID: PMC3299256 DOI: 10.1155/2012/309231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated cardiac autonomic modulation by heart rate (HRV), and arterial pressure variability (APV), and metabolic response in streptozotocin diabetic rats treated with green tea. Male Wistar rats were separated in groups: control, drinking tap water (C), green tea-treated (GT) group, diabetic, drinking tap water (D), and diabetic, treated with green tea (DGT). Kidney mass was greater in D and DGT than in C and GT, but reduced in DGT compared to D. Green tea prevented the increase in creatinine clearance and reduced hyperglycemia in DGT compared to D. Arterial pressure was increased in GT and decreased in D compared to C. HRV was reduced in D compared with all groups. APV was decreased in D compared to C and recovery in DGT. Sympathetic modulation of APV was decreased in D compared with all groups. Green tea reduced hyperglycemia, prevented renal injury and autonomic dysfunction, suggesting reduced cardiovascular risk and target organ damage in diabetes.
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Lopes de Faria JB, Silva KC, Lopes de Faria JM. The contribution of hypertension to diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy: the role of inflammation and oxidative stress. Hypertens Res 2011; 34:413-22. [PMID: 21228783 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2010.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and hypertension frequently coexist and constitute the most notorious combination for the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. Large clinical trials have clearly demonstrated that tight control of glycemia and/or blood pressure significantly reduces the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nephropathy. However, the mechanism by which hypertension interacts with diabetes to induce and/or exacerbate nephropathy and retinopathy is very unclear. Substantial evidence implicates the involvement of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of DR and nephropathy. In addition, hypertension causes oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney and retina. In the present review, we summarized data obtained from our research along with those from other groups to better understand the role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. It is suggested that oxidative stress and inflammation may be common denominators of kidney and retinal damage in the concomitant presence of diabetes and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Butori Lopes de Faria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Investigation in Diabetes Complications, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Effect of lignin-derived lignophenols on vascular oxidative stress and inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 348:117-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate inhibits cell signaling by inducing SOCS1 gene expression. Int Immunol 2010; 22:359-66. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxq015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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PINYOU P, KRADTAP HARTWELL S, JAKMUNEE J, LAPANANTNOPPAKHUN S, GRUDPAN K. Flow Injection Determination of Iron Ions with Green Tea Extracts as a Natural Chromogenic Reagent. ANAL SCI 2010; 26:619-23. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.26.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piyanut PINYOU
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University
| | - Supaporn KRADTAP HARTWELL
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University
| | - Jaroon JAKMUNEE
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University
| | - Somchai LAPANANTNOPPAKHUN
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University
| | - Kate GRUDPAN
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University
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Kahan V, Andersen ML, Tomimori J, Tufik S. Stress, immunity and skin collagen integrity: evidence from animal models and clinical conditions. Brain Behav Immun 2009; 23:1089-95. [PMID: 19523511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a major role in maintaining homeostasis and protection. As the main component of skin, collagen has a key role in providing integrity and elasticity to this organ. Several factors, including autoimmune disease, aging, and stress, can change the quantity and integrity of skin collagen. These factors impair collagen quality and consequently affect skin function. Stress seems to affect the integrity of skin collagen through glucocorticoid-mediated processes that alter its synthesis and degradation. Glucocorticoids also affect skin quality through modulation of the immune system. This review will briefly present comprehensive data from both animal and human studies delineating processes that modulate alterations in collagen in general, and will treat in more detail the consequences of stress on skin collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kahan
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) - São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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