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Temple H, Donnelly B, Mohanty SK, Mowery S, Poling HM, Pasula R, Hartman S, Singh A, Mourya R, Bondoc A, Meller J, Jegga AG, Oyama K, McNeal M, Spearman P, Tiao G. Specific binding sites on Rhesus rotavirus capsid protein dictate the method of endocytosis inducing the murine model of biliary atresia. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G267-G283. [PMID: 38860860 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00308.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Biliary atresia (BA) is the leading indication for pediatric liver transplantation. Rhesus rotavirus (RRV)-induced murine BA develops an obstructive cholangiopathy that mirrors the human disease. We have previously demonstrated the "SRL" motif on RRV's VP4 protein binds to heat shock cognate 70 protein (Hsc70) facilitating entry into cholangiocytes. In this study, we analyzed how binding to Hsc70 affects viral endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and uniquely activates the signaling pathway that induces murine BA. Inhibition of clathrin- and dynamin-mediated endocytosis in cholangiocytes following infection demonstrated that blocking dynamin decreased the infectivity of RRV, whereas clathrin inhibition had no effect. Blocking early endosome trafficking resulted in decreased viral titers of RRV, whereas late endosome inhibition had no effect. After infection, TLR3 expression and p-NF-κB levels increased in cholangiocytes, leading to increased release of CXCL9 and CXCL10. Infected mice knocked out for TLR3 had decreased levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10, resulting in reduced NK cell numbers. Human patients with BA experienced an increase in CXCL10 levels, suggesting this as a possible pathway leading to biliary obstruction. Viruses that use Hsc70 for cell entry exploit a clathrin-independent pathway and traffic to the early recycling endosome uniquely activating NF-κB through TLR3, leading to the release of CXCL9 and CXCL10 and inducing NK cell recruitment. These results define how the "SRL" peptide found on RRV's VP4 protein modulates viral trafficking, inducing the host response leading to bile duct obstruction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we have determined that the presence of the "SRL" peptide on RRV alters its method of endocytosis and intracellular trafficking through viral binding to heat shock cognate 70 protein. This initiates an inflammatory pathway that stimulates the release of cytokines associated with biliary damage and obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Temple
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Bryan Donnelly
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Sujit K Mohanty
- Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, United States National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Sarah Mowery
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Holly M Poling
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Rajamouli Pasula
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Stephen Hartman
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Akaljot Singh
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Reena Mourya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Alexander Bondoc
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Jaroslaw Meller
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Kei Oyama
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Monica McNeal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Paul Spearman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Greg Tiao
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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2
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TIR-Domain-Containing Adapter-Inducing Interferon-β (TRIF)-Dependent Antiviral Responses Protect Mice against Ross River Virus Disease. mBio 2022; 13:e0336321. [PMID: 35089088 PMCID: PMC8725586 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03363-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ross River virus (RRV) is the major mosquito-borne virus in the South Pacific region. RRV infections are characterized by arthritic symptoms, which can last from several weeks to months. Type I interferon (IFN), the primary antiviral innate immune response, is able to modulate adaptive immune responses. The relationship between the protective role of type I IFN and the induction of signaling proteins that drive RRV disease pathogenesis remains poorly understood. In the present study, the role of TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), an essential signaling adaptor protein downstream of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3, a key single-stranded RNA (ssRNA)-sensing receptor, was investigated. We found that TRIF-/- mice were highly susceptible to RRV infection, with severe disease, high viremia, and a low type I IFN response early during disease development, which suggests the TLR3-TRIF axis may engage early in response to RRV infection. The number and the activation level of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells were reduced in TRIF-/- mice compared to those in infected wild-type (WT) mice. In addition, the number of germinal center B cells was lower in TRIF-/- mice than WT mice following RRV infection, with lower titers of IgG antibodies detected in infected TRIF-/- mice compared to WT. Interestingly, the requirement for TRIF to promote immunoglobulin class switch recombination was at the level of the local immune microenvironment rather than B cells themselves. The slower resolution of RRV disease in TRIF-/- mice was associated with persistence of the RRV genome in muscle tissue and a continuing IFN response. IMPORTANCE RRV has been prevalent in the South Pacific region for decades and causes substantial economic and social costs. Though RRV is geographically restricted, a number of other alphaviruses have spread globally due to expansion of the mosquito vectors and increased international travel. Since over 30 species of mosquitoes have been implicated as potent vectors for RRV dissemination, RRV has the potential to further expand its distribution. In the pathogenesis of RRV disease, it is still not clear how innate immune responses synergize with adaptive immune responses. Type I IFN is crucial for bridging innate to adaptive immune responses to viral invasion. Hence, key signaling proteins in type I IFN induction pathways, which are important for type I IFN modulation, may also play critical roles in viral pathogenesis. This study provides insight into the role of TRIF in RRV disease development.
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Bardou M, Postat J, Loaec C, Lemaître F, Ronteix G, Garcia Z, Bousso P. Quorum sensing governs collective dendritic cell activation in vivo. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107176. [PMID: 34124789 PMCID: PMC8327941 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) activation by viral RNA sensors such as TLR3 and MDA-5 is critical for initiating antiviral immunity. Optimal DC activation is promoted by type I interferon (IFN) signaling which is believed to occur in either autocrine or paracrine fashion. Here, we show that neither autocrine nor paracrine type I IFN signaling can fully account for DC activation by poly(I:C) in vitro and in vivo. By controlling the density of type I IFN-producing cells in vivo, we establish that instead a quorum of type I IFN-producing cells is required for optimal DC activation and that this process proceeds at the level of an entire lymph node. This collective behavior, governed by type I IFN diffusion, is favored by the requirement for prolonged cytokine exposure to achieve DC activation. Furthermore, collective DC activation was found essential for the development of innate and adaptive immunity in lymph nodes. Our results establish how collective rather than cell-autonomous processes can govern the initiation of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Bardou
- Dynamics of Immune Responses UnitEquipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le CancerInstitut PasteurParisFrance
- INSERM U1223ParisFrance
| | - Jérémy Postat
- Dynamics of Immune Responses UnitEquipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le CancerInstitut PasteurParisFrance
- INSERM U1223ParisFrance
- Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Clémence Loaec
- Dynamics of Immune Responses UnitEquipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le CancerInstitut PasteurParisFrance
- INSERM U1223ParisFrance
| | - Fabrice Lemaître
- Dynamics of Immune Responses UnitEquipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le CancerInstitut PasteurParisFrance
- INSERM U1223ParisFrance
| | - Gustave Ronteix
- Physical microfluidics and BioengineeringInstitut PasteurParisFrance
- LadHyXCNRSEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance
| | - Zacarias Garcia
- Dynamics of Immune Responses UnitEquipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le CancerInstitut PasteurParisFrance
- INSERM U1223ParisFrance
| | - Philippe Bousso
- Dynamics of Immune Responses UnitEquipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le CancerInstitut PasteurParisFrance
- INSERM U1223ParisFrance
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4
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Scarno G, Pietropaolo G, Di Censo C, Gadina M, Santoni A, Sciumè G. Transcriptional, Epigenetic and Pharmacological Control of JAK/STAT Pathway in NK Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2456. [PMID: 31681330 PMCID: PMC6811606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of Natural Killer (NK) cells is a stepwise process having its origin in the bone marrow and proceeding in the periphery, where these cells follow organ specific trajectories. Several soluble factors and cytokines regulate the distinct stages of NK cell differentiation, and ultimately, their functional properties. Cytokines activating the Janus kinases (JAKs) and members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway control distinct aspects of NK cell biology, ranging from development, terminal differentiation, activation, and generation of cells with adaptive properties. Here, we discuss how the recent advances of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology have led to unravel novel molecular aspects of gene regulation, with the aim to provide genomic views of how STATs regulate transcriptional and epigenetic features of NK cells during the different functional stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Scarno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pietropaolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Censo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science Technology (OST), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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5
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Stabile H, Scarno G, Fionda C, Gismondi A, Santoni A, Gadina M, Sciumè G. JAK/STAT signaling in regulation of innate lymphoid cells: The gods before the guardians. Immunol Rev 2019; 286:148-159. [PMID: 30294965 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunity to pathogens is ensured through integration of early responses mediated by innate cells and late effector functions taking place after terminal differentiation of adaptive lymphocytes. In this context, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and adaptive T cells represent a clear example of how prototypical effector functions, including polarized expression of cytokines and/or cytotoxic activity, can occur with overlapping modalities but different timing. The ability of ILCs to provide early protection relies on their poised epigenetic state, which determines their propensity to quickly respond to cytokines and to activate specific patterns of signal-dependent transcription factors. Cytokines activating the Janus kinases (JAKs) and members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway are key regulators of lymphoid development and sustain the processes underlying T-cell activation and differentiation. The role of the JAK/STAT pathway has been recently extended to several aspects of ILC biology. Here, we discuss how JAK/STAT signals affect ILC development and effector functions in the context of immune responses, highlighting the molecular mechanisms involved in regulation of gene expression as well as the potential of targeting the JAK/STAT pathway in inflammatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Scarno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science Technology (OST), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
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6
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Sheppard S, Ferry A, Guedes J, Guerra N. The Paradoxical Role of NKG2D in Cancer Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1808. [PMID: 30150983 PMCID: PMC6099450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activating receptor NKG2D and its ligands are recognized as a potent immune axis that controls tumor growth and microbial infections. With regards to cancer surveillance, various studies have demonstrated the antitumor function mediated by NKG2D on natural killer cells and on conventional and unconventional T cells. The use of NKG2D-deficient mice established the importance of NKG2D in delaying tumor development in transgenic mouse models of cancer. However, we recently demonstrated an unexpected, flip side to this coin, the ability for NKG2D to contribute to tumor growth in a model of inflammation-driven liver cancer. With a focus on the liver, here, we review current knowledge of NKG2D-mediated tumor surveillance and discuss evidence supporting a dual role for NKG2D in cancer immunity. We postulate that in certain advanced cancers, expression of ligands for NKG2D can drive cancer progression rather than rejection. We propose that the nature of the microenvironment within and surrounding tumors impacts the outcome of NKG2D activation. In a form of autoimmune attack, NKG2D promotes tissue damage, mostly in the inflamed tissue adjacent to the tumor, facilitating tumor progression while being ineffective at rejecting transformed cells in the tumor bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Sheppard
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Zuckerman Research Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amir Ferry
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Guedes
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Guerra
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Uyangaa E, Choi JY, Patil AM, Hossain FMA, Park SO, Kim B, Kim K, Eo SK. Dual TLR2/9 Recognition of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Is Required for Recruitment and Activation of Monocytes and NK Cells and Restriction of Viral Dissemination to the Central Nervous System. Front Immunol 2018; 9:905. [PMID: 29760708 PMCID: PMC5936768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of TLR2 and TLR9 in the recognition of infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and HSV-caused diseases has been described, but some discrepancies remain concerning the benefits of these responses. Moreover, the impact of TLR2/9 on innate and adaptive immune responses within relevant mucosal tissues has not been elucidated using natural mucosal infection model of HSV. Here, we demonstrate that dual TLR2/9 recognition is essential to provide resistance against mucosal infection with HSV via an intravaginal route. Dual TLR2/9 ablation resulted in the highly enhanced mortality with exacerbated symptoms of encephalitis compared with TLR2 or TLR9 deficiency alone, coinciding with highly increased viral load in central nervous system tissues. TLR2 appeared to play a minor role in providing resistance against mucosal infection with HSV, since TLR2-ablated mice showed higher survival rate compared with TLR9-ablated mice. Also, the high mortality in dual TLR2/9-ablated mice was closely associated with the reduction in early monocyte and NK cell infiltration in the vaginal tract (VT), which was likely to correlate with low expression of cytokines and CCR2 ligands (CCL2 and CCL7). More interestingly, our data revealed that dual TLR2/9 recognition of HSV infection plays an important role in the functional maturation of TNF-α and iNOS-producing dendritic cells (Tip-DCs) from monocytes as well as NK cell activation in VT. TLR2/9-dependent maturation of Tip-DCs from monocytes appeared to specifically present cognate Ag, which effectively provided functional effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells specific for HSV Ag in VT and its draining lymph nodes. TLR2/9 expressed in monocytes was likely to directly facilitate Tip-DC-like features after HSV infection. Also, dual TLR2/9 recognition of HSV infection directly activated NK cells without the aid of dendritic cells through activation of p38 MAPK pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that dual TLR2/9 recognition plays a critical role in providing resistance against mucosal infection with HSV, which may involve a direct regulation of Tip-DCs and NK cells in VT. Therefore, our data provide a more detailed understanding of TLR2/9 role in conferring antiviral immunity within relevant mucosal tissues after mucosal infection with HSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdenebileg Uyangaa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ajit Mahadev Patil
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea.,Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Sung Ok Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
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8
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Wang B, Kang W, Zuo J, Kang W, Sun Y. The Significance of Type-I Interferons in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1431. [PMID: 29163506 PMCID: PMC5671973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-I interferons (IFN-I) are a widely expressed family that could promote antivirus immunity in the process of pathogens invasion. In a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-infected individual, the production of IFN-I can be detected as early as the acute phase and will persist throughout the course of infection. However, sustained stimulation of immune system by IFN-I also contributes greatly to host-mediated immunopathology and diseases progression. Although the protective effects of IFN-I in the acute phase of HIV-1 infection have been observed, more studies recently focus on their detrimental role in the chronic stage. Inhibition of IFN-I signaling may reverse HIV-1-induced immune hyperactivation and furthermore reduce HIV-1 reservoirs, which suggest this strategy may provide a potential way to enhance the therapeutic effect of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, we review the role of IFN-I in HIV-1 progression, their effects on different immunocytes, and therapeutic prospects targeting the IFN-I system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiahui Zuo
- Clinical Laboratory, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenzhen Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongtao Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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9
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Guo H, Cranert SA, Lu Y, Zhong MC, Zhang S, Chen J, Li R, Mahl SE, Wu N, Davidson D, Waggoner SN, Veillette A. Deletion of Slam locus in mice reveals inhibitory role of SLAM family in NK cell responses regulated by cytokines and LFA-1. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2187-207. [PMID: 27573813 PMCID: PMC5030809 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Veillette and collaborators generate a mouse model with a deletion spanning the entire 400-kb Slam locus on chromosome 1 to show the overall role of SLAM proteins in NK cell development and function. Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family receptors (SFRs) can mediate either activating or inhibitory effects during natural killer cell (NK cell) activation. In this study, we addressed the global role, regulation, and mechanism of action of the SLAM family in NK cells by analyzing a mouse lacking the entire ∼400-kilobase Slam locus, which encodes all six SFRs and CD48, the ligand of SFR 2B4. This mouse displayed enhanced NK cell activation responses toward hematopoietic target cells. Analyses of mice lacking individual SFRs showed that the inhibitory function of the Slam locus was due solely to 2B4 and was not influenced positively or negatively by other SFRs. Differences in NK cell responses between recognition of targets expressing or lacking ligands for SFRs were enhanced by IL-12 but suppressed by type I interferon. Cytokines also changed the levels of SLAM-associated protein adaptors, which prevent the inhibitory function of SFRs. The enhanced activation responses of SFR-deficient NK cells were dependent on integrin LFA-1 but not on DNAM-1 or NKG2D. SFR-mediated inhibition prevented the generation of activated forms of LFA-1. Hence, the Slam locus has an overall inhibitory role during NK cell activation that is solely dependent on 2B4. This effect is influenced by cytokines and leads to suppression of LFA-1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaijian Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Stacey A Cranert
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Yan Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Ming-Chao Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jun Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Rui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Sarah E Mahl
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Ning Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Dominique Davidson
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Stephen N Waggoner
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - André Veillette
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
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10
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Uyangaa E, Kim JH, Patil AM, Choi JY, Kim SB, Eo SK. Distinct Upstream Role of Type I IFN Signaling in Hematopoietic Stem Cell-Derived and Epithelial Resident Cells for Concerted Recruitment of Ly-6Chi Monocytes and NK Cells via CCL2-CCL3 Cascade. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005256. [PMID: 26618488 PMCID: PMC4664252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I)-dependent orchestrated mobilization of innate cells in inflamed tissues is believed to play a critical role in controlling replication and CNS-invasion of herpes simplex virus (HSV). However, the crucial regulators and cell populations that are affected by IFN-I to establish the early environment of innate cells in HSV-infected mucosal tissues are largely unknown. Here, we found that IFN-I signaling promoted the differentiation of CCL2-producing Ly-6Chi monocytes and IFN-γ/granzyme B-producing NK cells, whereas deficiency of IFN-I signaling induced Ly-6Clo monocytes producing CXCL1 and CXCL2. More interestingly, recruitment of Ly-6Chi monocytes preceded that of NK cells with the levels peaked at 24 h post-infection in IFN-I–dependent manner, which was kinetically associated with the CCL2-CCL3 cascade response. Early Ly-6Chi monocyte recruitment was governed by CCL2 produced from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-derived leukocytes, whereas NK cell recruitment predominantly depended on CC chemokines produced by resident epithelial cells. Also, IFN-I signaling in HSC-derived leukocytes appeared to suppress Ly-6Ghi neutrophil recruitment to ameliorate immunopathology. Finally, tissue resident CD11bhiF4/80hi macrophages and CD11chiEpCAM+ dendritic cells appeared to produce initial CCL2 for migration-based self-amplification of early infiltrated Ly-6Chi monocytes upon stimulation by IFN-I produced from infected epithelial cells. Ultimately, these results decipher a detailed IFN-I–dependent pathway that establishes orchestrated mobilization of Ly-6Chi monocytes and NK cells through CCL2-CCL3 cascade response of HSC-derived leukocytes and epithelium-resident cells. Therefore, this cascade response of resident–to-hematopoietic–to-resident cells that drives cytokine–to-chemokine–to-cytokine production to recruit orchestrated innate cells is critical for attenuation of HSV replication in inflamed tissues. Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are the most common cause of genital ulceration in humans worldwide with lifelong latent infection after peripheral replication in mucosal tissues. Furthermore, acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increased in HSV-infected individuals, underscoring the contribution of this virus in facilitating increased susceptibility to other microbial pathogens. Therefore, it is imperative to characterize the host defense to HSV infection and identify key components that regulate virus resistance, in order to devise therapeutic strategy. Although type I interferon (IFN-I)-dependent orchestrated mobilization of innate cells in inflamed tissues is considered a key player to control replication and CNS-invasion of HSV, the regulators and cell population that are affected by IFN-I to establish the orchestrated environment of innate cells in HSV-infected tissues are largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that IFN-I signal governs the sequential recruitment of Ly-6Chi monocytes and then NK cells into mucosal tissues, depending on CCL2-CCL3 cascade mediated by HSC-derived leukocytes and epithelial resident cells, respectively. Also, tissue resident CD11bhiF4/80hi macrophages and CD11chiEpCAM+ dendritic cells were involved in producing the initial CCL2 for migration-based self-amplification of rapidly infiltrated Ly-6Chi monocytes through stimulation by IFN-I produced from infected epithelial cells. This study deciphers detailed IFN-I-dependent pathway that establishes orchestrated mobilization of Ly-6Chi monocytes and NK cells through CCL2-CCL3 cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdenebileg Uyangaa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajit Mahadev Patil
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Bum Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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11
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Haynes LD, Verma S, McDonald B, Wu R, Tacke R, Nowyhed HN, Ekstein J, Feuvrier A, Benedict CA, Hedrick CC. Cardif (MAVS) Regulates the Maturation of NK Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2015; 195:2157-67. [PMID: 26232430 PMCID: PMC4709023 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardif, also known as IPS-1, VISA, and MAVS, is an intracellular adaptor protein that functions downstream of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I family of pattern recognition receptors. Cardif is required for the production of type I IFNs and other inflammatory cytokines after retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors recognize intracellular antigenic RNA. Studies have recently shown that Cardif may have other roles in the immune system in addition to its role in viral immunity. In this study, we find that the absence of Cardif alters normal NK cell development and maturation. Cardif(-/-) mice have a 35% loss of mature CD27(-)CD11b(+) NK cells in the periphery. In addition, Cardif(-/-) NK cells have altered surface marker expression, lower cytotoxicity, decreased intracellular STAT1 levels, increased apoptosis, and decreased proliferation compared with wild-type NK cells. Mixed chimeric mice revealed that the defective maturation and increased apoptotic rate of peripheral Cardif(-/-) NK cells is cell intrinsic. However, Cardif(-/-) mice showed enhanced control of mouse CMV (a DNA β-herpesvirus) by NK cells, commensurate with increased activation and IFN-γ production by these immature NK cell subsets. These results indicate that the skewed differentiation and altered STAT expression of Cardif(-/-) NK cells can result in their hyperresponsiveness in some settings and support recent findings that Cardif-dependent signaling can regulate aspects of immune cell development and/or function distinct from its well-characterized role in mediating cell-intrinsic defense to RNA viruses.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Apoptosis/immunology
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Herpesviridae Infections/genetics
- Herpesviridae Infections/immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections/virology
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Count
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muromegalovirus/immunology
- Muromegalovirus/physiology
- NIH 3T3 Cells
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/immunology
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTeira D Haynes
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Shilpi Verma
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Bryan McDonald
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Runpei Wu
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Robert Tacke
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Heba N Nowyhed
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Jennifer Ekstein
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Ariana Feuvrier
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Chris A Benedict
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
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12
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Uyangaa E, Choi JY, Ryu HW, Oh SR, Eo SK. Anti-herpes Activity of Vinegar-processed Daphne genkwa Flos Via Enhancement of Natural Killer Cell Activity. Immune Netw 2015; 15:91-9. [PMID: 25922598 PMCID: PMC4411514 DOI: 10.4110/in.2015.15.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common causative agent of genital ulceration and can lead to subsequent neurological disease in some cases. Here, using a genital infection model, we tested the efficacy of vinegar-processed flos of Daphne genkwa (vp-genkwa) to modulate vaginal inflammation caused by HSV-1 infection. Our data revealed that treatment with optimal doses of vp-genkwa after, but not before, HSV-1 infection provided enhanced resistance against HSV-1 infection, as corroborated by reduced mortality and clinical signs. Consistent with these results, treatment with vp-genkwa after HSV-1 infection reduced viral replication in the vaginal tract. Furthermore, somewhat intriguingly, treatment of vp-genkwa after HSV-1 infection increased the frequency and absolute number of CD3-NK1.1+NKp46+ natural killer (NK) cells producing interferon (IFN)-γ and granyzme B, which indicates that vp-genkwa treatment induces the activation of NK cells. Supportively, secreted IFN-γ was detected at an increased level in vaginal lavages of mice treated with vp-genkwa after HSV-1 infection. These results indicate that enhanced resistance to HSV-1 infection by treatment with vp-genkwa is associated with NK cell activation. Therefore, our data provide a valuable insight into the use of vp-genkwa to control clinical severity in HSV infection through NK cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdenebileg Uyangaa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Specialized Campus, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Specialized Campus, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Specialized Campus, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea. ; Department of Bioactive Materials Sciences, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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13
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Paolini R, Bernardini G, Molfetta R, Santoni A. NK cells and interferons. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 26:113-20. [PMID: 25443799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The role of Natural Killer cells in host defense against infections as well as in tumour surveillance has been widely appreciated for a number of years. Upon recognition of "altered" cells, NK cells release the content of cytolytic granules, leading to the death of target cells. Moreover, NK cells are powerful producers of chemokines and cytokines, particularly Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), of which they are the earliest source upon a variety of infections. Despite being armed to fight against pathogens, NK cells become fully functional upon an initial phase of activation that requires the action of several cytokines, including type I IFNs. Type I IFNs are now recognized as key players in antiviral defense and immune regulation, and evidences from both mouse models of disease and in vitro studies support the existence of an alliance between type I IFNs and NK cells to ensure effective protection against viral infections. This review will focus on the role of type I IFNs in regulating NK cell functions to elicit antiviral response and on NK cell-produced IFN-γ beneficial and pathological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Paolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Molfetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS, Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
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14
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Chandrabos C, M'Homa Soudja S, Weinrick B, Gros M, Frangaj A, Rahmoun M, Jacobs WR, Lauvau G. The p60 and NamA autolysins from Listeria monocytogenes contribute to host colonization and induction of protective memory. Cell Microbiol 2014; 17:147-63. [PMID: 25225110 PMCID: PMC4457399 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inducing long-term protective memory CD8(+) T-cells is a desirable goal for vaccines against intracellular pathogens. However, the mechanisms of differentiation of CD8(+) T-cells into long-lived memory cells capable of mediating protection of immunized hosts remain incompletely understood. We have developed an experimental system using mice immunized with wild type (WT) or mutants of the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) that either do or do not develop protective memory CD8(+) T-cells. We previously reported that mice immunized with Lm lacking functional SecA2, an auxiliary secretion system of gram-positive bacteria, did not differentiate functional memory CD8(+) T-cells that protected against a challenge infection with WT Lm. Herein we hypothesized that the p60 and NamA autolysins of Lm, which are major substrates of the SecA2 pathway, account for this phenotype. We generated Lm genetically deficient for genes encoding for the p60 and NamA proteins, ΔiapΔmurA Lm, and further characterized this mutant. Δp60ΔNamA Lm exhibited a strong filamentous phenotype, inefficiently colonized host tissues, and grew mostly outside cells. When Δp60ΔNamA Lm was made single unit, cell invasion was restored to WT levels during vaccination, yet induced memory T-cells still did not protect immunized hosts against recall infection. Recruitment of blood phagocytes and antigen-presenting cell activation was close to that of mice immunized with ΔActA Lm, which develop protective memory. However, key inflammatory factors involved in optimal T-cell programming such as IL-12 and type I IFN (IFN-I) were lacking, suggesting that cytokine signals may largely account for the observed phenotype. Thus, altogether, these results establish that p60 and NamA secreted by Lm promote primary host cell invasion, the inflammatory response and the differentiation of functional memory CD8(+) T-cells, by preventing Lm filamentation during growth and subsequent triggering of innate sensing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceena Chandrabos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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15
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Guan J, Miah SMS, Wilson ZS, Erick TK, Banh C, Brossay L. Role of type I interferon receptor signaling on NK cell development and functions. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111302. [PMID: 25333658 PMCID: PMC4205023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN) are unique cytokines transcribed from intronless genes. They have been extensively studied because of their anti-viral functions. The anti-viral effects of type I IFN are mediated in part by natural killer (NK) cells. However, the exact contribution of type I IFN on NK cell development, maturation and activation has been somewhat difficult to assess. In this study, we used a variety of approaches to define the consequences of the lack of type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) signaling on NK cells. Using IFNAR deficient mice, we found that type I IFN affect NK cell development at the pre-pro NK stage. We also found that systemic absence of IFNAR signaling impacts NK cell maturation with a significant increase in the CD27+CD11b+ double positive (DP) compartment in all organs. However, there is tissue specificity, and only in liver and bone marrow is the maturation defect strictly dependent on cell intrinsic IFNAR signaling. Finally, using adoptive transfer and mixed bone marrow approaches, we also show that cell intrinsic IFNAR signaling is not required for NK cell IFN-γ production in the context of MCMV infection. Taken together, our studies provide novel insights on how type I IFN receptor signaling regulates NK cell development and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Guan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - S. M. Shahjahan Miah
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Zachary S. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Timothy K. Erick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Cindy Banh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Laurent Brossay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Lim DSL, Yawata N, Selva KJ, Li N, Tsai CY, Yeong LH, Liong KH, Ooi EE, Chong MK, Ng ML, Leo YS, Yawata M, Wong SBJ. The combination of type I IFN, TNF-α, and cell surface receptor engagement with dendritic cells enables NK cells to overcome immune evasion by dengue virus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:5065-75. [PMID: 25320280 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have suggested the importance of the NK cell response against dengue virus (DenV), an arboviral infection that afflicts >50 million individuals each year. However, a comprehensive understanding of the NK cell response against dengue-infected cells is lacking. To characterize cell-contact mechanisms and soluble factors that contribute to the antidengue response, primary human NK cells were cocultured with autologous DenV-infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). NK cells responded by cytokine production and the lysis of target cells. Notably, in the absence of significant monokine production by DenV-infected DC, it was the combination of type I IFNs and TNF-α produced by DenV-infected DC that was important for stimulating the IFN-γ and cytotoxic responses of NK cells. Cell-bound factors enhanced NK cell IFN-γ production. In particular, reduced HLA class I expression was observed on DenV-infected DC, and IFN-γ production was enhanced in licensed/educated NK cell subsets. NK-DC cell contact was also identified as a requirement for a cytotoxic response, and there was evidence for both perforin/granzyme as well as Fas/Fas ligand-dependent pathways of killing by NK cells. In summary, our results have uncovered a previously unappreciated role for the combined effect of type I IFNs, TNF-α, and cell surface receptor-ligand interactions in triggering the antidengue response of primary human NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Say Liang Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nobuyo Yawata
- Infection and Immunity Programme, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 168751, Republic of Singapore; Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kevin John Selva
- Infection and Immunity Programme, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Na Li
- Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chen Yu Tsai
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lai Han Yeong
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ka Hang Liong
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mun Keat Chong
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mah Lee Ng
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yee Sin Leo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Republic of Singapore
| | - Makoto Yawata
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore; Infection and Immunity Programme, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 168751, Republic of Singapore; Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Republic of Singapore;
| | - Soon Boon Justin Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Republic of Singapore; and Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Republic of Singapore
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17
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Stackaruk ML, Lee AJ, Ashkar AA. Type I interferon regulation of natural killer cell function in primary and secondary infections. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 12:875-84. [PMID: 23984959 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2013.814871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The priming of natural killer (NK) cells by type I interferon (IFN) is necessary for protection against primary and secondary viral infections. However, the pathway by which type I IFN activates NK cells to elicit antiviral responses is controversial. There is evidence to suggest that type I IFN priming of NK cells occurs through both direct and indirect pathways. As with many innate mechanisms, type I IFN and NK cells also orchestrate the adaptive immune response and thus aid in protection against secondary infections. Type I IFN can shape CD4(+) T cell, B cell and humoral memory formation. In addition, long-lived NK cells can perform specific and enhanced memory-like protection in secondary infections. This review outlines the different mechanisms underlying type I IFN regulation of NK cells and how type I IFN and NK cells can be used as a therapeutic target in vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele L Stackaruk
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, MDCL 4015, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8S 4K1, ON, Canada
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18
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Bald T, Landsberg J, Lopez-Ramos D, Renn M, Glodde N, Jansen P, Gaffal E, Steitz J, Tolba R, Kalinke U, Limmer A, Jönsson G, Hölzel M, Tüting T. Immune cell-poor melanomas benefit from PD-1 blockade after targeted type I IFN activation. Cancer Discov 2014; 4:674-87. [PMID: 24589924 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Infiltration of human melanomas with cytotoxic immune cells correlates with spontaneous type I IFN activation and a favorable prognosis. Therapeutic blockade of immune-inhibitory receptors in patients with preexisting lymphocytic infiltrates prolongs survival, but new complementary strategies are needed to activate cellular antitumor immunity in immune cell-poor melanomas. Here, we show that primary melanomas in Hgf-Cdk4(R24C) mice, which imitate human immune cell-poor melanomas with a poor outcome, escape IFN-induced immune surveillance and editing. Peritumoral injections of immunostimulatory RNA initiated a cytotoxic inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment and significantly impaired tumor growth. This critically required the coordinated induction of type I IFN responses by dendritic, myeloid, natural killer, and T cells. Importantly, antibody-mediated blockade of the IFN-induced immune-inhibitory interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 receptors further prolonged the survival. These results highlight important interconnections between type I IFNs and immune-inhibitory receptors in melanoma pathogenesis, which serve as targets for combination immunotherapies. SIGNIFICANCE Using a genetically engineered mouse melanoma model, we demonstrate that targeted activation of the type I IFN system with immunostimulatory RNA in combination with blockade of immune-inhibitory receptors is a rational strategy to expose immune cell-poor tumors to cellular immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bald
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Landsberg
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dorys Lopez-Ramos
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marcel Renn
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nicole Glodde
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Philipp Jansen
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Evelyn Gaffal
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Julia Steitz
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rene Tolba
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Limmer
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Jönsson
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Tüting
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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19
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Marçais A, Viel S, Grau M, Henry T, Marvel J, Walzer T. Regulation of mouse NK cell development and function by cytokines. Front Immunol 2013; 4:450. [PMID: 24376448 PMCID: PMC3859915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes with an important role in the early defense against intracellular pathogens and against tumors. Like other immune cells, almost every aspects of their biology are regulated by cytokines. Interleukin (IL)-15 is pivotal for their development, homeostasis, and activation. Moreover, numerous other activating or inhibitory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, IL-21, Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and type I interferons regulate their activation and their effector functions at different stages of the immune response. In this review we summarize the current understanding on the effect of these different cytokines on NK cell development, homeostasis, and functions during steady-state or upon infection by different pathogens. We try to delineate the cellular sources of these cytokines, the intracellular pathways they trigger and the transcription factors they regulate. We describe the known synergies or antagonisms between different cytokines and highlight outstanding questions in this field of investigation. Finally, we discuss how a better knowledge of cytokine action on NK cells could help improve strategies to manipulate NK cells in different clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Marçais
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France ; U1111, INSERM , Lyon , France ; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , Lyon , France ; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1 , Lyon , France ; UMR5308, CNRS , Lyon , France
| | - Sébastien Viel
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France ; U1111, INSERM , Lyon , France ; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , Lyon , France ; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1 , Lyon , France ; UMR5308, CNRS , Lyon , France ; Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud , Lyon , France
| | - Morgan Grau
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France ; U1111, INSERM , Lyon , France ; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , Lyon , France ; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1 , Lyon , France ; UMR5308, CNRS , Lyon , France
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France ; U1111, INSERM , Lyon , France ; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , Lyon , France ; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1 , Lyon , France ; UMR5308, CNRS , Lyon , France
| | - Jacqueline Marvel
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France ; U1111, INSERM , Lyon , France ; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , Lyon , France ; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1 , Lyon , France ; UMR5308, CNRS , Lyon , France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France ; U1111, INSERM , Lyon , France ; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , Lyon , France ; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1 , Lyon , France ; UMR5308, CNRS , Lyon , France
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20
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Corre B, Perrier J, El Khouri M, Cerboni S, Pellegrini S, Michel F. Type I interferon potentiates T-cell receptor mediated induction of IL-10-producing CD4⁺ T cells. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:2730-40. [PMID: 23839924 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201242977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) have the dual ability to promote the development of the immune response and exert an anti-inflammatory activity. We analyzed the integrated effect of IFN-α, TCR signal strength, and CD28 costimulation on human CD4⁺ T-cell differentiation into cell subsets producing the anti- and proinflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IFN-γ. We show that IFN-α boosted TCR-induced IL-10 expression in activated peripheral CD45RA⁺CD4⁺ T cells and in whole blood cultures. The functional cooperation between TCR and IFN-α efficiently occurred at low engagement of receptors. Moreover, IFN-α rapidly cooperated with anti-CD3 stimulation alone. IFN-α, but not IL-10, drove the early development of type I regulatory T cells that were mostly IL-10⁺ Foxp3⁻ IFN-γ⁻ and favored IL-10 expression in a fraction of Foxp3⁺ T cells. Our data support a model in which IFN-α costimulates TCR toward the production of IL-10 whose level can be amplified via an autocrine feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Corre
- Department of Immunology, Unit of Cytokine Signaling, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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21
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Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes endowed with the capacity to survey and eliminate infected and transformed cells. Like T cells and B cells, NK cells fulfill their task by responding to soluble factors and to signals exchanged during cell-cell contacts. In this respect, cellular interactions established by NK cells are critical at every stage of their life. They regulate their survival and tune their responsiveness in the periphery. They are also important during their activation and for the targeted delivery of their cytotoxic granules. With the help of two-photon imaging, the occurrence and dynamics of these interactions as they occur in vivo are being uncovered. Interestingly, several of these initial observations were not predicted by in vitro studies and revealed the transient nature of many NK cell interactions. We review here our recent understanding of NK cell interactions in vivo at steady state, during inflammation, and during tumor elimination, emphasizing the similarities and differences with T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Deguine
- Institut Pasteur, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Paris, France
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22
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Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Parlato M, de Oliveira RB, Golenbock D, Fitzgerald K, Shalova IN, Biswas SK, Cavaillon JM, Adib-Conquy M. Interferon-γ and granulocyte/monocyte colony-stimulating factor production by natural killer cells involves different signaling pathways and the adaptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING). J Biol Chem 2013; 288:10715-21. [PMID: 23443666 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.435602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important for innate immunity in particular through the production of IFN-γ and GM-CSF. Both cytokines are important in restoration of immune function of tolerized leukocytes under inflammatory events. The expression of TLRs in NK cells has been widely studied by analyzing the mRNA of these receptors, rarely seeking their protein expression. We previously showed that murine spleen NK cells express TLR9 intracellularly and respond to CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) by producing IFN-γ and GM-CSF. However, to get such production the presence of accessory cytokines (such as IL-15 and IL-18) was required, whereas CpG-ODN or accessory cytokines alone did not induce IFN-γ or GM-CSF. We show here that TLR9 overlaps with the Golgi apparatus in NK cells. Furthermore, CpG-ODN stimulation in the presence of accessory cytokines induces the phosphorylation of c-Jun, STAT3, and IκBα. IFN-γ and GM-CSF production requires NF-κB and STAT3 activation as well as Erk-dependent mechanisms for IFN-γ and p38 signaling for GM-CSF. Using knock-out-mice, we show that UNC93b1 and IL-12 (produced by NK cells themselves) are also necessary for IFN-γ and GM-CSF production. IFN-γ production was found to be MyD88- and TLR9-dependent, whereas GM-CSF was TLR9-independent but dependent on STING (stimulator of interferon genes), a cytosolic adaptor recently described for DNA sensing. Our study thereby allows us to gain insight into the mechanisms of synergy between accessory cytokines and CpG-ODN in NK cells. It also identifies a new and alternative signaling pathway for CpG-ODN in murine NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Cytokines and Inflammation, Department Infection et Epidémiologie, 28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
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23
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Hwang I, Scott JM, Kakarla T, Duriancik DM, Choi S, Cho C, Lee T, Park H, French AR, Beli E, Gardner E, Kim S. Activation mechanisms of natural killer cells during influenza virus infection. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51858. [PMID: 23300570 PMCID: PMC3534084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During early viral infection, activation of natural killer (NK) cells elicits the effector functions of target cell lysis and cytokine production. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to NK cell activation during viral infections are incompletely understood. In this study, using a model of acute viral infection, we investigated the mechanisms controlling cytotoxic activity and cytokine production in response to influenza (flu) virus. Analysis of cytokine receptor deficient mice demonstrated that type I interferons (IFNs), but not IL-12 or IL-18, were critical for the NK cell expression of both IFN-γ and granzyme B in response to flu infection. Further, adoptive transfer experiments revealed that NK cell activation was mediated by type I IFNs acting directly on NK cells. Analysis of signal transduction molecules showed that during flu infection, STAT1 activation in NK cells was completely dependent on direct type I IFN signaling, whereas STAT4 activation was only partially dependent. In addition, granzyme B induction in NK cells was mediated by signaling primarily through STAT1, but not STAT4, while IFN-γ production was mediated by signaling through STAT4, but not STAT1. Therefore, our findings demonstrate the importance of direct action of type I IFNs on NK cells to mount effective NK cell responses in the context of flu infection and delineate NK cell signaling pathways responsible for controlling cytotoxic activity and cytokine production.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/metabolism
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-12/metabolism
- Interleukin-18/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Orthomyxoviridae/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-12/physiology
- Receptors, Interleukin-18/physiology
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/physiology
- STAT4 Transcription Factor/physiology
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilwoong Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jeannine M. Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Tejaswi Kakarla
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - David M. Duriancik
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Seohyun Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Chunghwan Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Taehyung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hyojin Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Anthony R. French
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Eleni Beli
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Gardner
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Subcapsular sinus macrophages promote NK cell accumulation and activation in response to lymph-borne viral particles. Blood 2012; 120:4744-50. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-02-408179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells become activated during viral infection in response to cytokines or to engagement of NK cell activating receptors. However, the identity of cells sensing viral particles and mediating NK cell activation has not been defined. Here, we show that local administration of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccine in mice results in the accumulation of NK cells in the subcapsular area of the draining lymph node and their activation, a process that is strictly dependent on type I IFN signaling. NK cells located in the subcapsular area exhibited reduced motility and were found associated with CD169+-positive subcapsular sinus (SCS) macrophages and collagen fibers. Moreover, depletion of SCS macrophages using clodronate liposomes abolished NK cell accumulation and activation. Our results identify SCS macrophages as primary mediators of NK cell activation in response to lymph-borne viral particles suggesting that they act as early sensors of local infection or delivery of viral-based vaccines.
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25
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Soudja SM, Ruiz AL, Marie JC, Lauvau G. Inflammatory monocytes activate memory CD8(+) T and innate NK lymphocytes independent of cognate antigen during microbial pathogen invasion. Immunity 2012; 37:549-62. [PMID: 22940097 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Memory CD8(+) T cells induced upon immunization exhibit improved functional features that contribute to protection of immunized hosts. Although both cognate antigen recognition and inflammation are important for memory CD8(+) T cell reactivation, the relative contribution of these factors and the cell types providing these signals in vivo are poorly defined. Here, we show that Ly6C(+)CCR2(+) inflammatory monocytes, a subset of monocytes, largely orchestrate memory CD8(+) T and NK lymphocytes activation by differentiating into interleukin-18 (IL-18)- and IL-15-producing cells in an inflammasome and type I interferon-IRF3-dependent manner. Memory CD8(+) T cells became potent effector cells by sensing inflammation from monocytes independently of their cognate antigen. Like NK cells, they underwent rapid mobilization, upregulated intense and sustained effector functions during bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, and contributed to innate responses and protection in vivo. Thus, inflammatory monocyte-derived IL-18 and IL-15 are critical to initiate memory CD8(+) T and NK lymphocytes differentiation into antimicrobial effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saïdi M'Homa Soudja
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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26
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Redefining interferon-producing killer dendritic cells as a novel intermediate in NK-cell differentiation. Blood 2012; 119:4349-57. [PMID: 22353997 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-11-395954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell lineage origin of IFN-producing killer dendritic cells (IKDCs), which exhibit prominent antitumoral activity, has been subject to debate. Although IKDCs were first described as a cell type exhibiting both plasmacytoid DC and natural killer (NK) cell properties, the current view reflects that IKDCs merely represent activated NK cells expressing B220, which were thus renamed B220+ NK cells. Herein, we further investigate the lineage relation of B220+ NK cells with regard to other NK-cell subsets. We surprisingly find that, after adoptive transfer, B220- NK cells did not acquire B220 expression, even in the presence of potent activating stimuli. These findings strongly argue against the concept that B220+ NK cells are activated NK cells. Moreover, we unequivocally show that B220+ NK cells are highly proliferative and differentiate into mature NK cells after in vivo adoptive transfer. Additional phenotypic, functional, and transcriptional characterizations further define B220+ NK cells as immediate precursors to mature NK cells. The characterization of these novel attributes to B220+ NK cells will guide the identification of their ortholog in humans, contributing to the design of potent cancer immunotherapies.
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